ALBERT

All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • Organic Chemistry  (7,457)
  • Ecology
  • 1975-1979  (3,446)
  • 1950-1954  (2,076)
  • 1935-1939  (1,958)
Collection
Years
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 112 (1977), S. 153-156 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Marine luminous bacteria ; Symbiosis ; Vibrio fischeri ; Cleidopus gloriamaris ; Taxonomy ; Ecology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Luminous bacteria isolated from the light organs of the Australian Pinecone fish Cleidopus gloriamaris have been studied. The isolates were from fish from four different geographical estuarine systems on the east coast of Australia. All isolates were found to be strains of Vibrio fischeri, a species not hitherto demonstrated conclusively as forming a symbiotic association. Some ecological considerations are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 104 (1975), S. 207-214 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Halophilic bacteria ; Halobacterium volcanii ; Halophilism ; Dead Sea ; Ecology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A halophilic bacterium was isolated from bottom sediment from the Dead Sea. The organism possessed the properties of the halobacteria, but differed from the known species in two important respects, 1) the cells were disc-shaped and often cupped when grown under optimum conditions, 2) the optimum requirements for sodium chloride was in the range 1.7–2.5 molar which is about half of that generally reported for the halobacteria. The organism was assigned to the genus Halobacterium and described as Halobacterium volcanii spec.nov. The optimum sodium chloride concentration for growth was close to that found in the Dead Sea. The tolerance for magnesium chloride was very high; the organism grew well in media containing magnesium chloride in the concentrations found in the Dead Sea. Halobacterium volcanii is therefore remarkably well fitted for life in the Dead Sea.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 9 (1977), S. 369-371 
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Methanogenic bacteria ; Primitive atmosphere ; Evolution ; Ecology ; Methane-carbon dioxide cycle
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The phenotype and antiquity of methanogenic bacteria suggest them to have been one of the major factors determining a dynamic balance between CO2 and CH4 in the primitive atmosphere.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of mathematical biology 7 (1979), S. 281-301 
    ISSN: 1432-1416
    Keywords: Ecology ; Population dynamics ; Semelparous species
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Notes: Summary The theory discussed in the first two papers, I and II, of this series is here generalized so that it is applicable to a population which obeys, at each instant t, the following two assumptions: (i) the rate- Dx(a, t) at which the population loses individuals of age a through death and dispersal is given by a function γt of a and the number x(a, t) of individuals which have age a, i.e.-Dx(a, t)=γt(x(a, t), a) and (ii) the number x(0, t) of newly born individuals is given by a function Ft of the number x(af, t) of individuals at a specified age af of fecundity, i.e. x(0, t)=Ft(x(af, t)). The ‘autonomous case’ in which the functions γt and Ft are independent of the subscript t corresponds to the theory developed in I and II. The present article contains a treatment of the case in which the population is in a ‘periodic environment’ in the sense that the mapping t ↦ (γt, Ft) is periodic with a period which is an integral multiple N of af. Under the assumption that for each pair (t, a) the function γt(·, a) is convex and the function Ft(·) is strictly increasing and concave, it is shown that when the environment is periodic, a given population can be expected to belong to one of three classes, regardless of initial conditions: (A) the class of ‘endangered populations’ for which the abundance function x eventually decays to zero, (B) the class of ‘asymptotically periodic populations’ for which as time increases x approaches a non-zero function x* which is periodic in time with period Naf, and (C) the class of populations which exhibit unbounded growth. The properties of the loss functions γt and fecundity functions Ft which determine the class to which a population belongs are found and discussed, and formulae are given for the stable periodic abundance function x* of a population in class B. In a discussion of the domain of application of the theory, it is pointed out that when reproduction is seasonal and is followed by mortality, the assumption that an individual interacts only with others of the same age is a reasonable one.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Environmental biology of fishes 3 (1978), S. 33-47 
    ISSN: 1573-5133
    Keywords: Arctic ; Boreal ; Coral reefs ; Diel patterns ; Ecology ; Diversity ; Lakes ; Seasonal differences ; Stability ; Tropics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Synopsis Freshwater and marine fish communities are described and compared for arctic, boreal and tropical latitudes. Details of habitat characteristics, species numbers, and diel and seasonal differences in distribution are given for each community type. The order of increasing richness of fish species in these environments is (1) arctic lakes, (2) arctic marine, (3) boreal lakes, (4) tropical lakes, (5) boreal marine and (6) tropical marine. The richness of numbers of species can be related to a series of factors, each of which may function at some threshold value. These factors include climatic perturbation, solar radiation, spatial heterogeneity, available nutrient supply, availability of cover, and geological time. Discontinuities in the availability of some factors can be partially compensated for by torpor or aestivation; this effectively removes the fish from the community for a period of time. Increased diversity may also be effected through the diurnal/nocturnal shift in activity in some fish communities. The development of an organic matrix, notably macrophyte beds or coral reefs, may contribute significantly to an increase in diversity within fish communities. This matrix operates by an increase in spatial heterogeneity and in biological interactions. The apparent lack of resilience of high diversity fish communities can be related to the characteristics of the underlying organic matrix. A change in the matrix will cause a change in the level of fish diversity that can be maintained in the system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 6
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Ecology ; Porifera ; Spongillidae ; Taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The taxonomic validity, present distribution, and specific threats to the existence of the freshwater sponge, Anheteromeyenia biceps (Lindenschmidt, 1950) were investigated. The species, reported only from the type locality, Bessey Creek and Maple River, two streams flowing into Douglas Lake, Michigan, is relegated to synonomy with Ephydatia mülleri. Habitat data from Bessey Creek and Maple River, particularly physicochemical data, greatly extend the known environmental parameters of Heteromeyenia tubisperma and Ephydatia mülleri.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 7
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Ecology ; Porifera ; Spongillidae ; Taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The taxonomic status, present distribution and specific threats to the existence of the environmentally restricted freshwater sponge, Spongilla heterosclerifera Smith 1918 were investigated. This species, collected only from Oneida Lake, New York, has not colonized other habitats and continues to exhibit typical diagnostic characteristics, thus qualifying as a valid environmentally restricted species. Although the sponge presently colonizes two sites in the lake, both near the northwestern shore, the total absence of sponge fauna from other lake regions near more heavily populated areas of this species. Physicochemical data from Oneida Lake greatly extend the known environmental parameters of Spongilla heterosclerifera.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 65 (1979), S. 23-32 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Rotifers ; Ecology ; Population peaks ; Interspecific competition ; Influence of Physico-chemical factors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract 17 species of rotifers have been recorded from Lake Surinsar, Jammu (J & K), India of which some are either exclusively limnetic (Brachionus angularis, Hexarthra sp., Filinia opliensis), or littoral (Brachionus patulus, M. ventralis, Trichotoria sp., Platyias quadricornis, Lecane (Monostyla) decipiens, L (M), bulla and Lecane sp.) and others (Keratella tropica, Anuraeopsis fissa, Brachionus quadridentatus, B. calyciflorus, Trichocera sp., T. similis, and Polyarthra sp.) seem to be wandering species. Seasonal maxima for both littoral and limnetic zones are reported. Most population maxima are contributed mainly by one or at best two species. Physico-chemical factors like temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, free carbon dioxide, calcium, magnesium, and total alkalinity have been studied and their infuence on these rotifer species are discussed. On their thermal responses, the available rotifer species have been classified as warm stenothermal, cold stenothermal or eurythermal. The importance of Mytilina ventralis as a biological indicator for dissolved oxygen in this lake has been pointed out.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 9
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Ecology ; Porifera ; Spongillidae ; Taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The taxonomic validity, present distribution, and specific threats to the existence of the freshwater sponge,Spongilla sponginosa Penney were investigated. This species, reported only from the type locality, Week's Pond, Sumter County, South Carolina, has apparently been extirpated due to highly acidic pH levels in the pond water. Examination of holotype materials indicate some question of the validity of S. sponginosa as a distinct species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Environmental biology of fishes 1 (1976), S. 13-60 
    ISSN: 1573-5133
    Keywords: Ecosystem ; Production ; Fish ; Ecology ; Density ; Biomass ; Yield ; Succession ; Growth ; Sex ratio ; Fecundity ; Lake ; Rotenone ; Perch ; Charr ; Cyprinids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Synopsis Ecological fish production of 30.8 kg ha−1 yr−1 was estimated for a 6.2 ha Precambrian shield lake by treating it with a piscicide and removing all fish. This is one of the lowest productions recorded for any waterbody.Perca flavescens contributed 71% to this total. The five other indigenous species werePimephales promelas, Semotilus margarita, S. atromaculatus, Notemigonus crysoleucas andSalvelinus fontinalis. Seventy-five percent of the production occurred in the first year of life. A conventional capture-mark-recapture experiment conducted onP. flavescens prior to the piscicide treatment underestimated the density by nine times and the total production by eight times. The gravest error occurred in the estimation of density for the younger age groups. Production studies can quantify the ecological success of a species, and provide a measure of stress in aquatic ecosystems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Environmental biology of fishes 1 (1977), S. 159-169 
    ISSN: 1573-5133
    Keywords: Cichlidae ; Field study ; South America ; Reproduction ; Behavior ; Ecology ; Tides ; Oxygen ; Carbon dioxide ; Evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Synopsis Parental behavior of the substrate-brooding cichlid, Biotodoma cupido, was studied in a small creek entering the lower Essequibo River, Guyana, where the freshwaters are affected by semi-diurnal tides. Physico-chemical variables of the tidal cycle were associated with the parental behavior of B. cupido. During late ebb and early flood tides, while off-spring were nest dependent, parents displayed intense aggression toward brood predators, mainly characins. At low tide, when the concentration of dissolved oxygen decreased to about 4 mg 1−1 and that of free carbon dioxide increased to 28 mg 1−1, parents entered a state of somnolence and brood predators vanished. Early flood tide brought an immediate and dramatic reversal of hypoxic and hypercarbic conditions and an associated renewal of aggressive and predatory activity. At very low tide, parents orally transferred the brood to a secondary nest depression in deeper water. The significance of water-level fluctuation to the evolution of this behavior, as well as that of parent-brood itineracy and the related phenomena of oral incubation and movable nests, is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Environmental biology of fishes 2 (1977), S. 137-145 
    ISSN: 1573-5133
    Keywords: Cichlid ; Behavior ; Ecology ; Predation ; Prolonged parental care ; Multiple parental care ; Etroplus maculatus ; Etroplus suratensis ; Tropics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Synopsis The Asian cichlid fishes, Etroplus maculatus (Bloch) and E. suratensis (Bloch) were observed in their natural habitat. Ecological and behavioral interactions of these species have not been previously reported. E. suratensis benefits from being cleaned by E. maculatus; it is doubtful the ingestion of parasites and fungi is of much direct benefit to E. maculatus. The advantage to E. maculatus is more likely the survival and reproductive success of adult E. suratensis which in turn provide eggs and eleutheroembryos for the egg-young predatory habit of E. maculatus. Predation is lessened by age-specific crypticity of E. suratensis. E. maculatus displays a unique behavior during its parental cycle where both parents actively defend their young until they are nearly sexually mature and almost the size of the parents. Adult E. suratensis engage in altruistic multiple parental care where several adults care for a single brood that presumably were spawned by only two of the adults. Such behavior has not been reported previously for fish.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Environmental biology of fishes 3 (1978), S. 49-63 
    ISSN: 1573-5133
    Keywords: Algae ; Co-evolution ; Behavior ; Ecology ; Communities ; Seagrass ; Feeding selectivity ; Predatorprey ; Fish morphology ; Herbivore
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Synopsis Herbivorous fishes and invertebrates are conspicious elements of coral reef communities where they predominate both in numbers and biomass. Herbivores and the coral reef algae on which they feed represent a co-evolved system of defense and counter-defense. Algal species have developed toxic, structural, spatial and temporal defense or escape mechanisms, while the herbivores employ strategies that involve anatomical, physiological and behavioral adaptations. Current research demonstrates that many reef fishes are highly selective in the algae they consume. Food selection in these fishes may be correlated with their morphological and digestive capabilities to rupture algal cell walls. Sea urchins select more in accordance with relative abundance, although certain algal species are clearly avoided. The determinants of community structure on coral reefs have yet to be established but evidence indicates a strong influence by herbivores. Reef herbivores may reduce the abundance of certain competitively superior algae, thus allowing corals and cementing coralline algae to survive. We discuss how the foraging activities of tropical marine herbivores affect the distribution and abundance of algae and how these activities contribute to the development of coral reef structure and the fish assemblages which are intimately associated with reef structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Environmental biology of fishes 3 (1978), S. 103-108 
    ISSN: 1573-5133
    Keywords: Community ; Larvae ; Diversity ; Competitive exclusion ; Habitat ; Cardinalfish ; Refugia ; Ecology ; Niche ; Resource partitioning
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Synopsis An alternative to the ‘reef fish lottery’ model is proposed for explaining instances of coexistence of reef fishes without apparent spatial resource partitioning. This model is termed ‘money-in-the-bank’ because of a financial analogy used to explain it. It stresses the importance of habitats that can support only one of two or more closely related species that coexist elsewhere. Populations living in such monospecific habitats could, according to the model, produce enough larvae to repopulate these habitats plus an excess that may settle in the multispecific habitats. Possible examples among cardinalfishes are given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Environmental biology of fishes 3 (1978), S. 109-128 
    ISSN: 1573-5133
    Keywords: Ecology ; Fish sizes ; Feeding guilds ; Fish adaptations ; Caribbean ; Diversity ; Structure ; Competition ; Growth
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Synopsis The fishes associated with coral reefs offer excellent opportunities for the study of the factors that determine the species composition of complex, highly interactive communities. Amenable to sampling and direct observations many patch reefs are small enough to be studied as entire units and yet diverse enough to include a wide range of interactions. Coral reef fishes appear to be highly specialized in morphology, color, behavior and life cycles and yet colonization experiments and repeated censusing have shown a surprisingly high variation in the fishes that are associated in similar habitats or in the same habitat at different times. This has led to two different views: (i) the chaos view that holds that the species composition is due to random factors and chance colonization, and (ii) the order view that resource sharing adaptations determine which species can live together. This paper reviews some of the obvious adaptations of reef fishes. An examination of the maximum sizes reached by infaunal reef dwellers shows that the largest individual of each species differs by a constant proportion from the next larger and next smaller species. This suggests growth limitations by interspecies competition. A hypothetical model showing how this might work is offered and it is shown that as long as there are more species than can be accommodated in the community at any one time the number of combinations is great enough to give the appearance of randomness even though the individual species may have precise environmental requirements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Environmental biology of fishes 4 (1979), S. 389-400 
    ISSN: 1573-5133
    Keywords: Ecology ; Endocrinology ; Epidermis ; Evolution ; Feeding ; Motivation ; Ontogeny ; Parental behavior ; Physiology ; Prolactin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Synopsis Parent-touching behavior by young fishes occurs in a number of species. Most reports have been from the family Cichlidae, but this may reflect the major concentration of studies on these species. The behavior appears to serve a trophic function in many species, but may also serve to maintain cohesion of family groups, to keep adults in a parental state, or to communicate the motivational state of the young (e.g. fear, hunger). It has been suggested that prolactin may regulate the behavior and epidermal mucus condition in parental fish involved in such behavior, but the evidence is not conclusive. There appear to be similarities between cases of parent-touching as a trophic behavior, and mucus- and/or scale-feeding by cleaning symbionts or predators. Studies of this behavior hold promise for investigating interrelationships between endocrinology and behavior, and ecology and behavior.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 62 (1979), S. 137-164 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Planarians ; Triclads ; Ecology ; Australia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The ten species of freshwater planarians known from Victoria, including one new species, are briefly reviewed. Detailed field and laboratory studies of six of these have been made and a close correlation between seasonal variation in numbers and viability at different laboratory temperatures is demonstrated. Thus Spathula camara and Reynoldsonia reynoldsoni inhabit temporary habitats that experience wide temperature fluctuations and these two species survive equally well in the laboratory at a wide range of temperatures. In contrast Spathula tryssa appears stenothermal in habitat and in the laboratory cannot tolerate even a small temperature increase. Cura pinguis and Dugesia (Girardia) sp. also show wide temperature tolerance both in terms of abundance in the field and viability studies in the laboratory. Spathula agelaea sp. nov. is unusual in that it shows two annual peaks in abundance and also exhibits aggregatory and cannibalistic behaviour that may be involved in population regulation. Aspects of the distribution, abundance, and life cycle, of all the species are discussed in relation to what is known generally of planarian ecology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 18
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Ecology ; Porifera ; Spongillidae ; Taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The taxonomic status of Ephydatia subtilis (Weltner) remains undetermined. Despite extensive collecting in the type locality, Lake Kissimmee, Florida, the species was not found. Stratospongilla penneyi sp. nov. is described utilizing spicular diagnosis, cytochemistry, and scanning electron microscopy. Physicochemical data from the type locality are presented and specific threats to the existence of the species are determined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Environmental biology of fishes 1 (1977), S. 181-188 
    ISSN: 1573-5133
    Keywords: Methods ; Ecology ; Fish abundance ; Diver counts ; Lake fish ecology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Synopsis The strip count method of determining fish densities was investigated for a small lake in a series of inshore sites that differed in their physical and biological characteristics and in the communities of fishes present. Overall total numbers of fish, number of species, ratio of commonest to total species, and 2nd commonest to total species, were investigated. Counts were made during time of the feeding peaks. Repeatability of the method was tested by series of five traverses at 10-minute intervals and was good both for total numbers of fish and ratio of commonest species to total fish. However, it varied with the habitat type, being excellent for small semi-isolated weedy sites, good for gravel-bottom sites, but only fair in open sandy bays where the strip was laid in the middle of an extensive area of homogeneous habitat. Series of comparative counts made (a) between morning and afternoon on the same day and, (b) between successive mornings, to determine how constant populations were between these time intervals, proved to be within the same general range but were significantly different by the Mann Whitney U test at the α = 0.05 level. In small lakes the strip count method proves to have considerable potential in the study of habitat specializations, taxocene structures, and relative abundances.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 20
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Ecology ; Porifera ; Spongillidae ; Taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The taxonomic validity, present distribution, and specific threats to the existence of the freshwater sponge, Corvomeyenia carolinensis Harrison 1971 were investigated. This species, a valid environmentally restricted species, has not colonized other areas beyond the type locality, Adams Pond, Richland County, South Carolina. At present, the only threat to the existence of this species is the aggressive competition for substrate provided by Heteromeyenia baileyi, a sponge species recently colonizing the habitat. Habitat data, particularly physicochemical data, from Adams Pond and other components of the Mill Creek drainage system greatly extend the known environmental parameters of Corvomeyenia carolinensis, Heteromeyenia baileyi, Anheteromeyenia ryderi, Spongilla lacustris, and Trochospongilla pennsylvanica.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant and soil 52 (1979), S. 59-68 
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Actinomycete symbiosis ; Ecology ; Endophyte ; Field studies ; Hippophaë ; Nodulation ; Nodule distribution ; Root nodules
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The numbers, weights, and ages of root nodules were determined in a homogeneous 6- to 7-year-old stand ofHippophaë rhamnoides in a coastal sand-dune area. Large variations in the number of nodules, which ranges from 30 to 281 per m2 were found. Most of the nodules occurred between 10 and 60 cm below the soil surface. In the surface layer and lower than 60 cm only small numbers of nodules were present. It is concluded that relatively large samples have to be investigated to obtain an impression of the nodulation of a given stand and to permit a comparison of the contribution of dinitrogen fixation in different stands. Close correlation was found between nodule numbers and the age of the roots, young roots having the highest numbers. However, the wide variation in the number of nodules per square metre could not be explained solely by the age distribution of the roots. The possible role of some other factors is discussed. No relationship was found between the nodule weight and the age of the nodule. The mean dry weight of living nodule material was 5.3 g per m2. Most nodules reached an age of up to 3 years. The significance of nodule decay for the distribution of the endophyte in the soil and in the process of nodule formation is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant ecology 30 (1975), S. 153-155 
    ISSN: 1573-5052
    Keywords: Ecology ; History of phytosociology ; India ; Phytosociology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 920-922 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: 1-Bromomethyl-2,2-dichlorocyclopropane as an Alkylation ReagentReaction of 1-bromomethyl-2,2-dichlorocyclopropane (1) with nucleophiles yields substitution products 2-7 without rearrangement of the dichlorocyclopropane system.
    Notes: Reaktion von 1-Brommethyl-2,2-dichlorcyclopropan (1) mit Nukleophilen ergibt die Substitutionsprodukte 2-7 unter Erhaltung des Dichlorcyclopropansystems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 24
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Farbstoffe aus Elsinoe, VII1). - Korrektur der Struktur eines Zwischenprodukts; Darstellung eines Dinaphtho[2,1-b:1′,2′-d]furan-5,9-dionsDie durch Polyphosphorsäure-Cyclisierung des 2-(o-Iodphenylacetyl)malonsäureesters 3 erhaltenen Produkte wurden erneut untersucht und ihre Strukturen korrigiert. Vermutlich ergibt Iodabspaltung zunächst 7, und nachfolgende Oxidation 8 (statt 5). Verbindung 8 wird zu 11 (statt 2) dehydratisiert. 11 steht mit 10 (statt 6) im Gleichgewicht.
    Notes: The products of the polyphosphoric acid cyclization of the 2-(o-iodophenylacetyl)malonate 3 have been reinvestigated and their structures revised. The reaction proceeds with loss of iodine, presumably forming 7, which is oxidized to 8 (instead of 5) followed by dehydration to 11 (instead of 2) and equilibration to hydroquinone 10 (instead of 6).
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 950-958 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis and Reactions of Substituted 3-0xo-1,2,6-thiadiazine 1,l-Dioxides3-Oxo-1,2,6-thiadiazine 1,1-dioxides 4 are synthesized from monosubstituted sulfamides 2 and methyl methoxymethylenemalonates (1). 2,5-Disubstituted 3-oxo-1,2,6-thiadiazine 1,1-dioxides 10 are prepared by reaction of alkylsulfamoyl chlorides 7 with aminoalkylidenemalonates 6. Halogenation, methylation and substitution reactions of 10 are described.
    Notes: Methoxymethylenmalonsäure-methylester (1) und monosubstituierte Sulfamide 2 setzen sich zu 3-Oxo-1,2,6-thiadiazin-1,1-dioxiden 4 um. 2,5-Disubstituierte 3-Oxo-1,2,6-thiadiazin-1,1-dioxide 10 werden aus Aminoalkylidenmalonsäureestern 6 und Alkylsulfaminsäurechloriden 7 erhalten. Es werden Halogenierung, Methylierung sowie Substitutionsreaktionen von 10 beschrieben.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 26
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Reactions of Amino Acids and Peptides, II. - Preparation of 2-Aminooxazole Derivatives from Peptide Amides with Hexafluoroacetic AnhydrideC-Terminal amino acid amide residues of peptide amides react with hexafluoroacetic anhydride to form stable 5-(trifluoroacetylamino)oxazole derivatives. Several representatives of this class of compounds have been synthesized and their structures determined by 1H-NMR and mass spectrometry and by their chemical reactions. The heterocyclization reaction can be used for the formation of volatile derivatives in the analysis of peptide amides on a microgram scale and for the identification of the C-terminal amino acid residue in peptide amides.
    Notes: C-Terminale Aminosäureamidreste von Peptidamiden reagieren mit Hexafluoracetanhydrid in guten Ausbeuten zu stabilen 5-(Trifluoracetylamino)oxazolderivaten. Verschiedene Vertreter dieser Verbindungen wurden dargestellt und ihre Struktur durch 1H-NMR-, Massenspektrometrie und chemische Reaktionen charakterisiert. Die Heterocyclisierungsreaktion kann im Mikrogramm-Maßstab zur Herstellung flüchtiger Derivate bei der Analytik von Peptidamiden und zur Identifizierung der C-terminalen Aminosäure von Peptidamiden benutzt werden.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 1028-1035 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis of Anhydrides in the A-Seco-steroid Series with 10β-Methyl or 10β-Methoxycarbonyl SubstitutionA-Seco- and A-nor-A-seco-dicarboxylic acids with cholestane skeleton and their anhydrides have been prepared in good yields from 2α-bromo-3-ketones by Baeyer-Villiger oxidation, dehydro-bromination of the resulting lactones, and oxidative cleavage of their double bond. 19-Functionalized A-nor-A-seco-steroid dicarboxylic acids have thus been obtained for the first time.
    Notes: A-Seco- und A-Nor-A-seco-dicarbonsäuren der Cholestanreihe und deren Anhydride wurden aus 2α-Brom-3-ketonen durch Baeyer-Villiger-Oxidation, Dehydrobromierung der erhaltenen Lactone und oxidative Spaltung derer Doppelbindung in guter Ausbeute dargestellt. 19-Funktionalisierte A-Nor-A-seco-steroiddicarbonsäuren wurden so erstmals zugänglich.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 1036-1047 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Circular Dichroism, LXXIII1). - Chiroptical Properties of Cyclic AnhydridesCyclic anhydrides exhibit two to four Cotton effects below 260 nm. Applying qualitative MO theory leads to predictions about the correlation between absolute conformation and signs of the first two CD bands for such anhydrides with an inherently achiral or inherently chiral (C2 symmetry) chromophore. For the first, the two CD bands at longest wavelengths have the same sign and conform with the sector rule of figure 5 with 12 sectors. For the anhydride chromophore with C2 symmetry a helicity rule holds: A negative interplanar angle between the two planes of the C = O groups leads to a negative Cotton effect around 240 nm and to a positive one around 220 nm.
    Notes: Cyclische Anhydride zeigen zwei bis vier Cotton-Effekte unterhalb von 260 nm. Mit Hilfe der qualitativen MO-Theorie lassen sich Voraussagen über den Zusammenhang zwischen absoluter Konformation und Vorzeichen der ersten beiden CD-Banden für solche Anhydride mit inhärent achiralem und inhärent chiralem (C2-Symmetrie) Chromophor ableiten. Bei ersteren haben die beiden längstwelligen CD-Banden gleiches Vorzeichen, dafür gilt die Sektorregel mit 12 Sektoren der Abbildung 5. Für den Anhydridchromophor mit C2-Symmetrie gilt eine Helizitätsregel: Ein negativer Interplanarwinkel zwischen den beiden Ebenen der C = O-Gruppen führt zu einem negativen Cotton-Effekt um 240 nm und zu einem positiven um 220 nm.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 1232-1257 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Studies on the Occurence of Hydrogen Transfer, 58. - Possibilities and Limits of Photochemically Induced Asymmetric Synthesis
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 30
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Vincetene, a Benzopyrroloisoquinoline Alkaloid, from Cynanchum Vincetoxicum (L.) Pers. (Asclepiadaceae)Cynanchum vincetoxicum contains traces of an alkaloid C22H27NO3, whose structure has been shown to be 6-(3-hydroxy-cis-1-butenyl)-2,3-dimethoxy-7,9,10,11,11a,12-hexahydrobenzo[f]-pyrrolo[1,2-6]isoquinoline (2) and has been confirmed by synthesis of the rac-dihydrodesoxy-derivative 18.
    Notes: Cynanchum vincetoxicum (L.) Pers. enthält Spuren eines Alkaloids C22H27NO3, dessen Struktur als 6-(3-Hydroxy-cis-1-butenyl)-2,3-dimethoxy-7,9,10,11,11a, 12-hexahydrobenzo[f]pyrrolo[1,2-b]-isochinolin (2) geklärt und durch Synthese des rac-Dihydrodesoxy-Derivates 18 gesichert wurde.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 31
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979) 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 32
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 1300-1308 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Stereoselective Synthesis of Cyclopentanone DerivativesVarious trans-disubstituted cyclopentanone derivatives are obtained via stereoselective Michael addition to 4-oxo-2-cyclopenten-1-yl acetate (1). The limitations of the method are shown.
    Notes: Verschiedene trans-disubsituierte Cyclopentanonderivate werden durch stereoselektive Michael-Addition an Essigsäure-(4-oxo-2-cyclopenten-1-ylester) (1) erhalten. Die Grenzen der Methodik werden aufgezeigt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 33
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 387-391 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Heterocycles by Annelation to 4-Pyridinols, II.  -  Thieno[3,2-c]pyridin-3-olsHerrn Prof. Dr. Werner Schultheis zum 75. Geburtstag gewidmet.Thieno[3,2-c]pyridin-3-ols 4 are accessible from 4-hydroxy-3-pyridine carboxylates 1 via their 4-chloro derivatives 2 on replacement of the chlorine by mercaptoacetic esters and simultaneous ring-closure. Thioacetamide transforms the 4-chloropyridines 2 into 4-pyridinethiols 3, which likewise yield thieno[3,2-c]pyridin-3-ols 4 on reaction with chloroacetonitrile. The alkali salts of 4 are transformed into enol esters 5 by reaction with acid chlorides.
    Notes: Thieno[3,2-c]pyridin-3-ole 4 werden aus 4-Hydroxy-3-pyridincarbonsäureestern 1 über deren 4-Chlorderivate 2 und Austausch des Chlors mit Mercaptoessigsäureester bei gleichzeitigem Ringschluß erhalten. Thioacetamid überführt die 4-Chlorpyridine 2 in 4-Pyridinthiole 3, die mit Chloracetonitril ebenfalls Thieno[3,2-c]pyridin-3-ole 4 liefern. Die Alkalisalze von 4 werden mit Säurechloriden in Enolester 5 übergeführt.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 34
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Heterocycles by Annelation to 4-Pyridinols, I.  -  Furo[3,2-c]pyridin-3-ols and Furo[3,2-c]pyridin-3(2H)-onesHerrn Prof. Werner Schultheis zum 75. Geburtstag gewidmet.The synthesis of furo[3,2-c]pyridin-3-ols 3 from 4-hydroxypyridinecarboxylates 2 is described. Hydrolysis of the ester group at C-2 of compound 3e yields furo[3,2-c]pyridin-3(2H)-one 4b (R4 = H) with loss of carbon dioxide. Condensation of 4b with aldehyds affords the unsaturated ketones 5, which on hydrogenolysis from furo[3,2-c]pyridin-3(2H)-ones 4 with an alkyl substituent at C-2. Alternatively compounds 4 are accessible on ring closure of 3-acyl-4-hydroxypyridines by bromination/dehydrobromination. The furo[3,2-c]pyridin-3-ols 3 and furo[3,2-c]pyridin-3(2H)-ones 4 are transformed into enol esters 15.
    Notes: Es wird die Synthese von Furo[3,2-c]pyridin-3-olen 3 aus 4-Hydroxy-3-pyridincarbonsäureestern 2 beschrieben. Hydrolyse der Estergruppe an C-2 von 3e führt unter Decarboxylierung zum Furo[3,2-c]pyridin-3(2H)-on 4b (R4 = H), aus dem mit Aldehyden die ungesättigten Ketone 5 erhalten werden, deren Hydrierung Furo[3,2-c]pyridin-3(2H)-one 4 mit Alkylresten an C-2 ergibt. Ein alternativer Zugang zu den Verbindungen 4 besteht im Ringschluß von 3-Acyl-4-hydroxy-pyridinen 14 durch Bromierung/Dehydrobromierung. Die Furo[3,2-c]pyridin-3-ole 3 und Furo[3,2-c]pyridin-3(2H)-one 4 werden in die Enolester 15 übergeführt.
    Additional Material: 8 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 35
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Studies on the Occurrence of Hydrogen Transfer, 57.  -  Some Examples of the Diastereoselective Hydrogenation of Compounds Containing Prochiral C=C Bonds2,3)(1R,2S)-N,N-Dimethylephedrinium chloride, (1S,2S)-N,N-dimethylpseudoephedrinium chloride, (1R,2S)-N-methylephedrine, (1S,2S)-N-methylpseudoephedrine and [(2S)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl]trimethylammonium chloride were esterified with α- and β-methylcinnam=c acid to give 1-4 and 7, which were then hydrogenated over Raney-nickel, palladium, platinum and a series of noble metal supported catalysts. The reduced esters were hydrolysed and the optical yields of the α- or β-methyldihydrocinnamic acids measured. These varied between 4 and 68%, depending upon the structure of the optically active component used. In those cases where the optical yields were greater than 10% the absolute configuration of the α- or P-methyldihydrocinnamic acids were determined via the configuration at C-1 of the ephedrine ester. Knowledge of the absolute configuration of the α- or β-methyldihydrocinnamic acids, in conjunction with the known absolute configuration of the ephedrine component, allowed conclusions to be drawn concerning the conformation of the chemisorbed molecule at the catalyst surface. The amides 5 and 6, prepared by reaction of ephedrine or pseudoephedrine with α- or β-methylcinnamic acid, exhibit optical inductions in the range 3 -24% after hydrogenation with Raney-nickel. After hydrogention and hydrolysis, the ester obtained from N-methylephedrine and α-benzamidocinnamic acid gave (+ )-(R)-phenylalanine in an optical yield of 26%. Electroreduction of 1 α and 2 β at a mercury cathode and subsequent hydrolysis yields α- and β-methyldihydrocinnamic acid, respectively, in optical yields of 0.3 and 7%. The electroreduction of β-menth-3-yl trans-α- or trans-β-methylcinnamate yields the corresponding α- or β-methyldihydrocinnamic acids in optical yields
    Notes: (1R,2S)-N,N-Dimethylephedriniumchlorid, (1S,2S)-N,N-Dimethylpseudoephedriniumchlorid, (1R,2S)-N-Methylephedrin, (1S,2S)-N-Methylpseudoephedrin und [(2S)-2-Hydroxy-2-phenyl-ethyl]trimethylammoniumchlorid werden mit α- und β-Methylzimtsäure zu 1-4 und 7 verestert und an Raney-Nickel, Palladium, Platin und einer Reihe von Edelmetallträgerkatalysatoren hydriert. Die hydrierten Ester werden verseift und die optische Ausbeute der α- bzw. β-Methyldihydrozimtsäure bestimmt. Die optischen Ausbeuten bewegen sich in Abhängigkeit von der optisch aktiven Hilfskomponente zwischen 68 und 4%. Bei optischen Ausbeuten über 10% wird die absolute Konfiguration der α- oder β-Methyldihydrozimtsäure von der Konfiguration am C-1 des Ephedrinderivates bestimmt. Die Kenntnis der absoluten Konfiguration der α- bzw. β-Methyldihydrozimtsäure erlaubt, wenn die absolute Konfiguration der Hilfskomponente bekannt ist, auf Grund eines plausiblen Modells Rückschlüsse auf die Konformation der chemisorbierten Molekel am Kontakt. Bei den aus Ephedrin und Pseudoephedrin mit α- und β-Methylzimtsäure dargestellten Säureamiden 5 und 6 liegt die optische Induktion der α- bzw. β-Methyldihydrozimtsäure nach Hydrierung mit Raney-Nickel bei 3-24%. Aus dem Ester 8 des N-Methylephedrins und der α-Benzamidozimtsäure erhält man nach Hydrierung und Hydrolyse (+)-(R)-Phenylalanin in einer optischen Ausbeute von 26%.  -  Bei der Elektroreduktion von 1α und 1β an einer Quecksilberkathode liegt die optische Ausbeute der nach Verseifung gewonnenen α- bzw. β-Methyldihydrozimtsäure bei 0.3 bzw. 7%. Die Elektroreduktion des trans-α- oder trans-β-Methylzimtsäure-(p-menth-3-ylesters) liefert die entsprechenden α- bzw. β-Methyldihydrozimtsäuren mit optischen Ausbeuten zwischen 0 und 2%.
    Additional Material: 6 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 36
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 400-407 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Seven-Membered Rings by 1,5-Cycloadditions, V.  -  Perhydro-1,4-diazepines1,3-Dialkyl-1,3-imidazolidines 2 react with cyclic enol ethers 1 in presence of trifluoroacetic acid to give bicyclic perhydro-1,4-diazepines 3 which are transformed by lithium tetrahydridoaluminate to perhydro-1,4-diazepinylalkanols 8. In contrast, acyclic enol ethers 9 do not undergo polar 1,5-cycloaddition with imidazolidines 2 but give (dialkoxyalkyl)ethylenediamines 10 in low yields.
    Notes: 1,3-Dialkyl-1,3-imidiazolidine 2 reagieren mit den cyclischen Enolethern 1 in Gegenwart von Trifluoressigsäure zu den bicyclischen Perhydro-1,4-diazepinen 3, die mit Lithium-tetrahydridoaluminat die Perhydro-1,4-diazepinylalkanole 8 geben. Die acyclischen Enolether 9 gehen dagegen keine polare 1,5-Cycloaddition ein und führen mit den Imidazolidinen 2 in niedriger Ausbeute zu den (Dialkoxyalkyl)ethylendiaminen 10.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 37
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 438-441 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Note on the Assignment of Isomeric Ethers Derived from TropoloneThe Eu(dpm)3-shifted 1H-NMR spectra of the two isomeric ethers obtained from 4-tert-butyl-tropolone with diazomethane do not allow unambiguous assignment of the isomers. However, this is possible on the basis of the 13C-1H coupling pattern of the C=O signals in the 13C-spectra.
    Notes: Die beiden aus 4-tert-Butyltropolon mit Diazomethan erhaltenen isomeren Ether werden an Hand der 13C-1H-Kopplung der C=O-Signale in den 13C-NMR-Spektren zugeordnet. Dieses war mit den durch Eu(dpm)3 verschobenen 1H-Spektren nicht eindeutig möglich.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 38
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979) 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 39
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 443-445 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis of 5-Hydroxy-1,7-naphthyridineN-(p-Toluenesulfonyl)glycine ester 1b reacts with 2-(bromomethyl)nicotinic ester 2 to form the nicotinic acid derivative 3b. Cyclization of 3b, by elimination of sulfinic acid, leads to the 1,7-naphthyridine derivative 7, from which the title compound 8 is formed.
    Notes: N-(p-Toluolsulfonyl)glycinester 1b reagiert mit 2-(Brommethyl)nicotinsäureester 2 zum Nicotinsäurederivat 3b. Dieses läßt sich unter Eliminierung von Sulfinsäure zum 1,7-Naphthyridin-derivat 7 cyclisieren, aus dem die im Titel genannte Verbindung 8 erhalten wird.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 40
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Syntheses with α-Metalated Isocyanides, XLI. - 5,6-Dihydro-4H-1,3-thiazines from α-Metalated Isocyanides and EpisulfidesSeveral 5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-thiazines 7 were prepared (via 3-mercaptoalkyl isocyanides 6) from α-lithiated isocyanides 1 and episulfides 5.
    Notes: Aus lithiierten Isocyaniden 1 und Episulfiden 5 wurden (über 3-Mercaptoalkylisocyanide 6) einige 5,6-Dihydro-4H-1,3-thiazine 7 darstellt.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 41
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 457-460 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis of (Fluorosilyl)hydrazones and Cyclization to 1,2-Diaza-3-sila-5-cyclopentenes(Fluorosilyl)hydrazones 2 - 5 are formed in the reaction of lithiated hydrazones 1 with fluorosilanes. On reaction with butyllithium 2 - 5 cyclize to give the five-membered heterocycles 8 - 11. Substituted compounds 6, 7 are obtained in a competing reaction. - The mass, 1H, 19F, and29Si-NMR spectra of the compounds prepared are reported.
    Notes: (Fluorsilyl)hydrazone 2-5 entstehen aus lithiierten Hydrazonen 1 mit Fluorsilanen. Die Reaktion von 2-5 mit Butyllithium führt unter Cyclisierung zur Bildung der fünfgliedrigen Heterocyclen 8-11. In einer Konkurrenzreaktion werden substituierte Verbindungen 6, 7, gebildet. - Die Massenspektren, 1 H-, 19F- und 29Si-NMR-Spektren der dargestellten Verbindungen werden mitgeteilt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 42
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Rearrangements of Vinylogous Acyl Chlorides, XXIII. - Investigations on the Thermal Reactivity of (Z)-Perchloro-2,4-pentadienoyl Chloride and (Z)-Perchloro-2,4-pentadienoic Acid by 14C-LabellingDuring the preparation of the chloride [14C]-1b from the acid [1-14C]-3b with phosphorus pentachloride by heating the mixture for 48 hours at 110°C, a complete equipartition of the activity on C-1 and C-5 of 1b is observed. Equipartition also occurs when the acid [1-14C]-3b is transformed into the pyrone 4b on C-2 and C-6 of this compound. The conclusions drawn from this with respect to the mechanism of the thermal reactions of 1b and 3b are presented.
    Notes: Die Darstellung des Säurechlorids [14C]-1b durch 48stündiges Erhitzen der Säure [1-14C]-3b mit Phosphor(V)-chlorid auf 110°C ist mit einer vollständigen Gleichverteilung der Aktivität auf das C-1 und C-5 von 1b verbunden. Eine Gleichverteilung wird auch bei der Überführung der Säure [1-14-C]-3b in das Pyron 4b auf dessen C-2 und C-6 festgestellt. Hieraus wurden Schlußfolgerungen auf den Mechanismus der thermischen Reaktionen von 1 b und 3b gezogenen.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 43
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 1554-1559 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Sila-Drugs, 11.  -  Diphenyl(3-piperidinopropyl)silanol, a Sila-Analogue of DifenidolDiphenyl(3-piperidinopropyl)silanol (6b), a sila-analogue of the drug difenidol (6a), and its methoiodide 7 were synthesized for the first time according to scheme 1.  -  The pharmacological and toxicological properties of the analogues 6a and 6b were investigated comparatively.
    Notes: Diphenyl(3-piperidinopropyl)silanol (6b), ein Sila-Analogon des Arzneimittels Difenidol (6a), und dessen Methoiodid 7 wurden erstmals gemäß Schema 1 synthetisiert.  -  Die pharmakologischen und toxikologischen Eigenschaften der Analoga 6a und 6b wurden vergleichend untersucht.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 44
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Complexes between Neutral Molecules, V.  -  Urea, Thiourea and Malodinitrile Complexes of Noncyclic Crown Type Polyethers with Pyridine N-Oxide SubunitsAcyclic crown type polyethers with one and two pyridine or pyridine-N-oxide nuclei as rigid donor units, have been synthesized. Their complexing behaviour is compared: The pyridine N-oxide ligands reveal reduced complexing ability towards alkali metal cations. The neutral molecules urea, thiourea and malodinitrile easily form stoichiometric complexes with both ligand systems.
    Notes: Acyclische Kronenetheranaloga mit ein und zwei Pyridin- oder Pyridin-N-oxid-Einheiten als starren Donorgruppen wurden synthetisiert. Ihr Komplexierungsverhalten gegenüber Alkalimetallkationen wird verglichen: Die N-Oxide bilden weniger leicht kristalline Komplexe. Mit den Neutralmolekülen Harnstoff, Thioharnstoff und Malonsäuredinitril wurden stöchiometrische Komplexe erhalten.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 45
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 484-491 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Syntheses of (-)-(S)- and (+)-(R)-Goniothalamin; Absolute Configuration of the Naturally Occurring (+)-Goniothalamin(-)-(S)-Goniothalamin and its naturally occurring (+)-(R)-enantiometer were synthesised from configurationally defined precursors. The absolute configurations were additionally confirmed by ozonolysis to (-)-(S)- and (+)-(R)-malic acid. The absolute configuration given for the compound in the literature is thus corrected.
    Notes: (-)-(S)-Goniothalamin und das (+)-(R)-Enantiomer wurden aus konfigurativ definierten Vorstufen synthetisiert. Die absoluten Konfigurationen wurden zusätzlich durch Ozonabbau zu (-)-(S)- und (+)-(R)-Äpfelsäure bestätigt. Die in der Literatur angegebene absolute Konfiguration des Naturstoffs wird berichtigt.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 46
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 503-521 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Oxidative Amination of 1′,4′-Dihydroxy-2′-acetonaphthoneUnder conditions of oxidative amination 1′,4′-dihydroxy-2′-acetonaphthone (1) and arylamines 3 react to yield arylaminonaphthoquinones 4 (C-N-bond formation), aminoarylquinones 8, phenanthridinequinones 9 (C—C-bond formation) and quinones 10 (C—C- and C—N-bond formation). Intermediates of the multistep reaction are isolated and characterised. The results are compared with those of the reaction of 2-acetyl-1,4-naphthoquinone (2) with the arylamines 3.
    Notes: 1′,4′-Dihydroxy-2′-acetonaphthon (1) reagiert unter den Bedingungen der oxidativen Aminierung mit Arylaminen 3 zu Arylaminonaphthochinonen 4 (C- N-Verknüpfung), Aminoarylchinonen 8, Phenanthridinchinonen 9 (C-C-Verknüpfung) und den Chinonen 10 (C-N- und C-C-Verknüpfung). Zwischenprodukte der mehrstufigen Reaktion wurden isoliert und charakterisiert. Die Ergebnisse werden mit denjenigen der Reaktion von 2-Acetyl-1,4-naphthochinon (2) mit Arylaminen 3 verglichen.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 47
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 492-502 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Reactions with Organophosphorus Compounds, XLIV. - Synthesis of Dialkyl 3-Oxo-1-alkenylphosphonatesThe Michaelis-Arbusov reaction of 2-chlorovinyl ketones 1 with trialkyl phosphites 2 gives 2-acylvinylphosphonates 3 as well as enolphosphates 4 and 3-oxo-1,1-alkanediyldiphosphonates 5. Using the Michaelis-Becker procedure only the compounds 4 and 5 are formed as demonstrated in the case of 4d and 5d. Reaction of trimethyl and triethyl phosphite (2a and 2b) with 2-chlorovinyl ketones 1a - 1d yields mixtures of products 3a-3e, 4a-4e and 5a-5e; whereas reaction with triisopropyl phosphite (2c) gives predominantly compound 3. For example, 2c and 1a react to form a mixture consisting mainly of 2-acylvinylphosphonate 3f and a small amount of 3-oxo-1,1-alkanediyldiphosphonate 5f. Only the 2-acylvinylphosphonate 3g is isolated on reaction of 2c with 1d.
    Notes: Die Umsetzung von 2-Chlorvinylketonen 1 mit Trialkylphosphiten 2 nach Michaelis-Arbusow führt nicht nur zu den erwarteten 2-Acylvinylphosphonaten 3, sondern auch zu den Enolphosphaten 4 und zu den 3-Oxo-1,1-alkandiyldiphosphonaten 5. Bei Anwendung der Michaelis-Becker-Variante entstehen jedoch ausschließlich die Verbindungstypen 4 und 5, wie anhand der Reaktionsprodukte 4d und 5d gezeigt werden konnte. Während Trimethyl- und Triethylphosphit (2a bzw. 2b) mit den 2-Chlorvinylketonen 1 a - 1d jeweils die Produktgemische 3a-3e, 4a-4e und 5a-5e liefern, entstehen bei Verwendung von Triisopropylphosphit (2c) bisweilen nur Reaktionsprodukte des im Titel genannten Typs 3. So liefert 2c mit 1a nur ein Gemisch aus der Hauptmenge des 2-Acylvinylphosphonats 3f und des in untergeordneter Menge auftretenden 3-Oxo-1,1-alkandiyidiphosphonats 5f. Nach Umsetzung von 2c mit 1d wird als definiertes Reaktionsprodukt nur noch das 2-Acylvinylphosphonat 3g isoliert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 48
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 522-527 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Acetalization Reactions with N,N-Dimethylformamide-Dialkyl Sulfate AdductsHern Professor Dr. Hellmut Bredereck zum 75. Geburtstag gewidmet.The adducts 2 and 3 from N,N-dimethylformamide and dialkyl sulfate adducts react in the presence of alcohols with aromatic aldehydes, α, β-unsaturated aldehydes, and ketones to form acetals and ketals, respectively. The influence of the nature of the carbonyl compound on acetalization is considered.
    Notes: Die Addukte 2 und 3 aus N,N-Dimethylformamid und Dialkylsulfaten setzen sich in Gegenwart von Alkoholen mit aromatischen Aldehyden, α, β-ungesättigten Aldehyden oder Ketonen zu Acetalen bzw. Ketalen um. Der Einfluß der Art der Carbonylverbindung auf den Verlauf der Acetalisierung wird untersucht.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 49
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Mechanism of Formation of Azavinylogous Formamidinium Salts from Formamides and 2,4,6-Trichloro-1,3,5-triazine; a Simple Synthesis of N2-(Dimethylaminomethylene)-N1,N1-dimethylformamidinium ChlorideHerrn Professor Dr. Hellmut Bredereck zum 75. Geburtstag gewidmet.A new mechanism is proposed for the formation of azavinylogous formamidinium salts 1 from N,N-dialkylformamides and 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine. Furthermore, a new simple synthesis of 1a from the iminium chloride 12, potassium cyanate, and N,N-dimethylformamide is described. Preparation of the formamidinium compound 1a does not require isolation of the salt 12.
    Notes: Für die Bildung azavinyloger Formamidiniumsalze 1 aus N,N-Dialkylformamiden und 2,4,6-Trichlor-1,3,5-trizin wird eine neuer Mechanismus vorgeschlagen. Außerdem wird eine neue, einfache Synthese für 1a aus Iminiumchlorid 12, Kaliumcyanat und N,N-Dimethylformamid beschrieben. Diese gelingt auch ohne vorherige Isolierung von 12 (Eintopfverfahren).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 50
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 547-553 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: α-Sulfonyl Ethers, 17.-Acylation of the Anions of Arylsulfonylmethyl Methyl Ethersα-Arylsulfonyl-α-methoxyacetic acids 2 and their esters 4a -c, α-arylsulfonyl-α-methoxy ketones 4d-o, and α-methoxy-β-disulfones 6 are obtained by acylation of α-metalated α-sulfonyl ethers 1. Reaction conditions and properties are described.
    Notes: Aus α-metallierten α-Sulfonylethern 1 werden durch gezielte Acylierung α-Arylsulfonyl-α-methoxyessigsäuren 2 sowie deren Ester 4a-c, α-Arylsulfonyl-α-methoxyketone 4d-o und α-Methoxy-β-disulfone 6 erhalten. Reaktionsbedingungen und Eigenschaften werden beschrieben.
    Additional Material: 6 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 51
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 1657-1664 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Vitamin B6; a New Synthesis by Diels-Alder Reaction**)4-Methyloxazole (1a) and 3-methylsulfonyl-2,5-dihydrofuran (7) undergo Diels-Alder reaction to give the pyridoxine derivative 8 with elimination of methanesulfinic acid. Treatment of 8 with hydrogen chloride furnishes the dichloride 10, from which pyridoxine (12) is obtained by direct hydrolysis or by way of the intermediary triacetate 14. This reaction sequence provides an efficient synthesis of vitamin B6.
    Notes: 4-Methyloxazol (1a) geht mit 3-Methylsulfonyl-2,5-dihydrofuran (7) eine Diels-Alder-Reaktion ein, bei der unter Eliminierung von Methansulfinsäure das Pyridoxinderivat 8 entsteht. Dessen Behandlung mit Chlorwasserstoff führt zum Dichlorid 10, aus dem durch direkte Hydrolyse oder über das Triacetat 14 Pyridoxin (12) erhalten wird. Die Reaktionsfolge stellt eine ergiebige Synthese für Vitamin B6 dar.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 52
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Scavenger Reactions of Short-lived Radicals, XIX1). - Reactions of 2,2′-Disubstituted 2,2′-Azopropanes with Trialkylstannyl and Trialkylsilyl Radicals2,2′-Disubstituted 2,2′-azopropanes 1a-c (X=Cl, PhS. PhO) undergo a rapid radical chain reaction with Me3SnH or Me6Sn2 to yield acetone azine (3) and Me3SnX (also phenol in the case of X=PhO). 1d (X=MeCOO) reacts analogously only with Me3SnH whereas, with Me6Sn2, the initiator tert-butoxyl radicals give only equimolar amounts of the azine 3. The corresponding X is split off as a radical X. or, as a consequence of fragmentation, as Me3SnX. The mechanisms involved are discussed. Et3SiH reacts only with 1a and b (X=Cl, PhS) in which X can undergo a SH2 reaction with silyl radicals to yield acetone azine (3).
    Notes: 2,2′-Disubstituierte 2,2′-Azopropane 1a-c (X=Cl, PhS, PhO) geben mit Me3SnH und Me6Sn2 eine schnelle radikalische Kettenreaktion zu Acetonazin (3) und Me3SnX (für X=PhO auch Phenol). 1d (X=MeCOO) reagiert analog nur mit Me3SnH, mit Me6Sn2 liefern die als Initiatoren eingesetzten tert-Butoxylradikale nur äquimolare Mengen an Acetonazin (3). Jeweils wird X als Radikal X. abgespalten oder unter Fragmentierung als Me3SnX. Die Mechanismen werden erörtert. Et3SiH reagiert nur mit 1a und b (X=Cl, PhS), bei denen eine SH2-Reaktion von Silylradikalen an X möglich ist, zu Acetonazin (3).
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 53
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 1682-1688 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis and Hydrolysis of Amadori Rearrangement Products from 2-Amino-2-deoxy-D-hexoses and D-Hexuronic AcidsCondensation of 2-amino-2-deoxyhexoses (D-gluco or D-galacto configuration) with hexuronic acids (D-gluco or D-galacto configuration) in methanol gave the Amadori rearrangement products 6-(2-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranos-2-ylamino)-6-deoxy-β-D- lyxo-5-hexulofuranosonic acid (1) and -α-D-arabino-5-hexulofuranosonic acid (2) as well as 6-(2-deoxy-D-galactopyranos-2-ylamino)-6-deoxy-β-D lyxo-5-hexulofuranosonic acid · H2O (3), and -α-D-arabino-5-hexulofuranosonic acid · H2O (4). The compounds 1-4 were characterized by analytical and 13C-NMR spectroscopic data. At pH 6.5 they split quantitatively into the original compounds.
    Notes: In Methanol erhält man aus D-gluco- bzw. D-galacto-konfigurierten 2-Amino-2-desoxyhexosen sowie Hexuronsäuren die Amadori-Verbindungen 6-(2-Desoxy-α-D-glucopyranos-2-ylamino)-6-desoxy-β -D-lyxo-5-hexulofuranosonsäure (1) und -α-D-arabino-5-hexulofuranosonsäure (2) sowie 6-(2-Desoxy-D-galactopyranos-2-ylamino)-6-desoxy-β-D- lyxo-5-hexulofuranosonsäure · H2O (3) und -α-D-arabino-5-hexulofuranosonsäure · H2O (4). Die Verbindungen 1-4 werden durch elementaranalytische und 13C-NMR-spektroskopische Daten charakterisiert. Bei pH 6.5 zerfallen sie fast quantitativ unter Rückbildung der eingesetzten Ausgangsverbindungen.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 54
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 1702-1714 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Thioketene Syntheses, II1). - Formation of Thioketenes from Alkylidenephosphoranes and Carbon DisulfideThe alkylidenephosphoranes 3a-c react with carbon disulfide (4) to give the dipoles 5a-c. Starting from phosphoranes 3 with bulky (3d) or aryl substituents (3e) secondary reactions occur in situ. Products detected in these reactions as well as in the thermolysis of 5a-c are triphenylphosphane sulfide (8), triphenylphosphane (15), and the trithiepins 16a, b. Amines 18 as trapping reagents for the potentially occurring thioketenes 9 react with 5a to afford the thioamides 19b-d. Trapping reactions with azomethines 22 lead to the β-thiolactam 24, the thiazetidines 25, and the hexahydropyrimidinethiones 26. According to product analysis, it seems that not the thioketenes 9, but the thioketenoid intermediates 7 are intercepted in the trapping reactions.
    Notes: Die Alkylidenphosphorane 3a-c treten mit Kohlenstoffdisulfid (4) zu den Dipolen 5a-c zusammen. Ausgehend von Phosphoranen 3 mit sterisch anspruchsvoller (3d) oder Aryl-Substitution (3e) laufen in situ Folgereaktionen ab. Dabei lassen sich wie auch bei der Thermolyse von 5a-c Triphenylphosphansulfid (8), Triphenylphosphan (15) und die Trithiepine 16a, b nachweisen. Amine 18 als Abfangreagenzien für die potentiell auftretenden Thioketene 9 führen mit 5a zu den Thioamiden 19b-d. Abfangreaktionen mit Azomethinen 22 ergeben das β-Thiolactam 24, die Thiazetidine 25 und die Hexahydropyrimidinthione 26. Nach der Produktanalyse sind als Reaktionspartner der Abfangreagenzien nicht die Thioketene 9, sondern die Thioketenoiden Zwischenstufen 7 wahrscheinlich.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 55
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 612-616 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: 2-Nitrocyclohexanone by Nitration of Cyclohexanone with Highly Concentrated Nitric Acid2-Nitrocyclohexanone (1) is important as an intermediate in the synthesis of Caprolactam and as a short-lived intermediate in the large-scale production of adipic acid from cyclohexanol and concentrated (ca. 68%) nitric acid. We have succeeded in preparing 1 by reaction of cyclohexanone with highly concentrated (99-100%) nitric acid. It was possible to isolate 1 by working at 20-400C in inert solvents and by almost completely preventing its further reaction to adipic acid by means of short reaction times, incomplete cyclohexanone and nitric acid conversion and stopping the reaction sequence by addition of ice/water.
    Notes: 2-Nitrocyclohexanon (1) besitzt als Zwischenprodukt einer Caprolactam-Synthese und als kurzlebige Zwischenstufe bei der großtechnischen Herstellung von Adipinsäure aus Cyclohexanol und konzentrierter (ca. 68proz.) Salpetersäure Bedeutung. Es gelang, Cyclohexanon mit hochkonzentrierter (99- bis 100proz.) Salpetersäure zu 1 umzusetzen. Die Verbindung 1 konnte isoliert werden, wenn man bei 20-400C in inerten Lösungsmitteln arbeitete und die Weiterreaktion von 1 zu Adipinsäure durch kurze Reaktionszeiten, unvollständigen Cyclohexanon- und Salpetersäure-Umsatz und Abbruch der Reaktionsfolge mit Eis/Wasser weitgehend verhinderte.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 56
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 617-627 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Enamines, XVII. Addition of aromatic Acyl Chlorides to β-disubstituted EnaminesAromatic acyl chlorides react with β-disubstituted enamines at different rates to give (2-aroylalkyliden)ammonium chlorides 2. Acid hydrolysis of 2 yields 2-aroylaldehydes 3, while basic hydrolysis gives alkyl aryl ketones 6. On reaction with triethylammonium azide and Cyclohexyl isocyanide 2c loses the aroyl group to form 8.
    Notes: Aromatische Carbonsäurechloride setzen sich unterschiedlich rasch mit β-verzweigten Enaminen zu (2-Aroylalkyliden)ammoniumchloriden 2 um. Saure Hydrolyse von 2 führt zu den 2-Aroyl-aldehyden 3, alkalische zu den Alkylarylketonen 6. Mit Triethylammoniumazid und Cyclohexylisocyanid reagiert 2c unter Verlust des Aroylrestes zu 8.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 57
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 639-649 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Chemistry of 1,2,4-Triazepines, XIV. - Condensations of β-Dicarbonyl Compounds with 1,2-Diaminoimidazoles
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 58
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 628-638 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis of Nitro Compounds from Tetraalkylammonium NitritesPrimary or secondary bromoalkanes and 2-bromo carbonyl compounds give the nitro derivatives 2, 5 and 7 on reaction with tetraalkylammonium nitrites 1 in dichloromethane or acetonitrile at -50 to 200C. The ratio of nitroalkane and alkyl nitrite (2/3) in the reaction of 1-bromoheptane with the salt 1a in various solvents is investigated. 1,1'-(1,3-Phenylene)dipyrrolidine (6) is a good scavenger for alkyl nitrites.
    Notes: Durch Umsetzung von primären oder sekundären Bromalkanen und 2-Bromcarbonylverbindungen mit Tetraalkylammoniumnitriten 1 in Dichlormethan oder Acetonitril bei -50 bis 200C erhält man die Nitroverbindungen 2, 5 und 7. Das Nitroalkan/Alkylnitrit-Verhältnis (2/3) in verschiedenen Lösungsmitteln wird an der Umsetzung von 1-Bromheptan mit dem Salz 1auntersucht. 1,1'-(1,3-Phenylen)dipyrrolidin (6) eignet sich zum Abfangen der Alkylnitrite 3.
    Additional Material: 9 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 59
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 650-655 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Thermal and Photochemical Reactions of New Mesoionic 1,3-Oxazol- and 1,3-Thiazol-5-onesThe preparation of the mesoionic 1,3-oxazol-5-one 2 and of the 1,3-thiazol-5-one 4, both substituted with donor and acceptor groups, and their reactions with water or methanol are described Compound 2 combines with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate at 1200C with formation of the pyrroledicarboxylic ester 6 (6%) as a result of a [3 + 2]-cycloaddition reaction. Photochemically, 4 undergoes ring-opening to the ketene 9, which reacts with methanol to give the ester 10.
    Notes: Die Darstellung des mit Donor- und Akzeptorgruppen substituierten mesoionischen 1,3-Oxazol-5-ons 2 und des 1,3-Thiazol-5-ons 4 sowie ihre Reaktionen mit Wasser oder Methanol werden beschrieben. Mit Acetylendicarbonsäure-dimethylester vereinigt sich 2 bei 1200C zum Pyrroldicarbonsäureester 6 (6%) als Ergebnis einer [3 + 2]-Cycloaddition. Photochemisch erleidet 4 Ringöffnung zum Keten 9, das mit Methanol zum Carbonsäureester 10 reagiert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 60
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 675-688 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Cycloaddition Reactions with Azabenzenes, XIII. - Reactions of 1,2.4,5-Tetrazines with FulvenesDepending on the conditions, reaction of 6-dialkylaminofulvenes 1 with 3,6-diphenyl-1,2,4,5-tetrazine (2a) affords 5-dialkylaminomethylene-1,4-diphenyl-5H-cyclopenta[d]pyridazines 10a-d, 3,6-diphenylpyridazine (12), 4-(2-dimethylaminovinyl)-3,6-diphenylpyridazine (13), 9-dimethylaminomethylene- 1,4,5,8-tetraphenyl-4a,4b,8a,9a- tetrahydro-9H-cyclopenta[1,2-d:3,4-d]dipyridazine (14), and 9-dimethylaminomethylene-1,4,5,8-tetraphenyl -9H-cyclopenta-[1,2-d:3,4-d]dipyridazine (15). Compounds 10a and 10b are easily hydrolyzed, yielding 1,4-diphenyl-2-H-cyclopenta[d]pyridazine-5-carbaldehyde (11a) and 1-(1,4-diphenyl-2-H-cyclopenta[d]pyridazine-5-yl)ethanone (11b), respectively. The structures of compounds 10 and 12-15 were determined by spectroscopic methods, chemical reactions or synthesis by an independent route.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 61
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Nucleosides, XXX1). - Synthesis and Properties of 4-N-Benzoyl-O-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-cytidines**4-N-Benzoylcytidine (1) has been silylated by tert-butyldimethylsilyl chloride to give the possible mono- (5, 13, 14), di- (6, 7, 10), and tri-O-tert-butyldimethylsilyl ethers (8), the structures of which were characterized by chemical and spectrophotometric methods. 13C-NMR spectroscopy proved to be a simple and fast method for determining the silylation positions. The 2-O- and 3-O-tert-butyldimethylsilyl derivatives undergo base-catalyzed interconversion especially in alcohols.
    Notes: Ausgehend von 4-N-Benzoylcytidin (1) werden durch Silylierung mit tert-Butyldimethylsilylchlorid die möglichen Mono- (5, 13, 14), Di- (6, 7, 10), und Tri-O-tert-butyldimethylsilylether (8) dargestellt und die Strukturen auf chemischem und spektroskopischem Wege gesichert. 13C-NMR- Spektroskopie erlaubt eine einfache und rasche Festlegung der Silylierungspositionen. Die 2′-O-und 3′-O-tert-Butyldimethylsilyl-Derivate unterliegen einer gegenseitigen Isomerisierung, die insbesondere in Alkoholen beobachtet wird und basenkatalytisiert ist.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 62
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 1881-1889 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis of cis- and trans-3-Phenoxyproline**Allylic bromination of the 1,2-dehydroproline ester 4 and reaction of the resulting bromoimine 3 with thallium phenolate affords 3-phenoxy-1,2-dehydroproline methyl ester (9). Reduction experiments with 9 and 10 are described, which lead in the most favorable case to a mixture of the corresponding cis/trans-isomeric prolines 11a and 11b in a ratio of 2:3. A “one-pot” procedure starting from 3 is described for the preparation of 7a.
    Notes: Allylbromierung des 1,2-Dehydroprolinesters 4 und Umsetzung des entsprechenden Bromimins 3 mit Thalliumphenolat gibt den 3-Phenoxy-1,2-dehydroprolin-methylester (9). Reduktionsversuche an 9 sowie 10 werden beschrieben und führen im günstigsten Fall zu einer Mischung der entsprechenden cis/trans-isomeren Proline 11a und 11b im Verhältnis 2:3. Ausgehend von 3 wird eine“Eintopf”-Reaktion zur Darstellung von 7a beschrieben.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 63
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 1908-1914 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Reaction of 2-Haloethoxycarbonyl Compounds with Tertiary Phosphanes(2-Bromoethoxycarbonyl)amino acids 1 including the sarcosine derivatives 13 and 15 react with methyldiphenylphosphane to give the 2-phosphonioethoxycarbonyl derivatives, which are cleaved under mild basic conditions to yield the corresponding free amino compounds. The same transformation of the protective group was not successful in the case of the 2-bromoethoxycarbonyl protected alcohols 3, phenols 4, secondary amines 11 and 12 and the analogous 2-bromoethyl esters of amino acids and peptides; these compounds furnish the ethylene-1,2-bisphosphonium salt 6.
    Notes: (2-Bromethoxycarbonyl)aminosäuren 1, einschließlich der Sarkosin-Derivate 13 und 15, reagieren mit Methyldiphenylphosphan zu den 2-Phosphonioethoxycarbonyl-Verbindungen, welche unter milden basischen Bedingungen zu den freien Aminoverbindungen gespalten werden. Die gleiche Schutzgruppenumwandlung gelingt an 2-Bromethoxycarbonyl-geschützten Alkoholen 3. Phenolen 4 und den sekundären Aminen 11 und 12 sowie an Aminosäure- und Peptid-(2-bromethylestern) nicht. In diesen Fällen bildet sich das Ethylen-1,2-bisphosphoniumsalz 6.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 64
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Photochemistry of Aromatic Nitrocompounds, XIV.  -  Triplet Sensitization and Quenching of Photocyclization of 1,4-Di-tert-butyl-2-nitrobenzene.The photocyclization 1a → 4a may be sensitized by benzophenone and triphenylene with an efficiency very similar to that of direct photolysis of 1a. The product quantum yield Φp for formation of 4a via direct photolysis of 1a in alcoholic solutions is suppressed by 21% with air-oxygen and by max. 16% with octafluoronaphthalene. 1,3-Pentadiene ist effective as a quencher only when present in high concentrations (1 - 3 M). The results suggest that the photocyclization 1a* → 4a mainly proceeds from the first excited singlet state of 1a.
    Notes: Die Photocyclisierung 1a → 4a läßt sich mit Benzophenon und Triphenylen sensibilisieren, der dabei erreichte Wirkungsgrad ist dem der direkten Photolyse annähernd gleich. Die Produktquantenausbeute Φp für die durch direkte Photolyse von 1a in alkoholischer Lösung induzierte Bildung von 4a wird durch Luftsauerstoff um 21%, durch Octafluornaphthalin um maximal 16% gesenkt. 1,3-Pentadien löscht merklich nur in hoher Konzentration (1 - 3 M). Die Ergebnisse sprechen dafür, daß die Photocyclisierung 1a* → 4a überwiegend vom untersten angeregten Singulettzustand von 1a ausgeht.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 65
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 1992-2004 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Reactions of Chloromethyl Methyl Ether with Chlorin DerivativesReactions of chloromethyl methyl ether with the methine bridge carbon atom 20 and the 3-vinyl group of chlorin derivatives pyropheophorbide a methyl ester 1, [3-ethyl]-pyropheophorbide a methyl ester (10) and [3-ethyl]-chlorin e6 trimethyl ester (13)〉 are described. The 20-hydroxymethyl group introduced into 13 could be reduced to methyl group with palladium/hydrogen. - The structure of the reaction products are proved by mass- and 1H-NMR spectra.
    Notes: Es werden Reaktionen von Chlormethyl(methyl)ether mit dem Methinbrücken-Kohlenstoffatom 20 und der 3-Vinylgruppe von Chlorin-Derivaten 〈 Pyrophäophorbid-a-methylester (1), [3-Ethyl]-pyrophäophorbid-a-methylester (10) und [3-Ethyl]-chlorin-e6-trimethylester (13)〉 beschrieben. Die in 13 eingeführte 20-Hydroxymethylgruppe konnte mit Palladium/Wasserstoff in eine Methylgruppe umgewandelt werden. - Durch Massen- und 1H-NMR-Spektren werden die Strukturen der Reaktionsprodukte belegt.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 66
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 2005-2010 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Syntheses with Nitriles, LVI.  -  A Novel Facile Synthesis of 4-Aminosalicylic Acid and Isophthalic Acid DerivativesTreatment of malonodinitrile with triethyl orthoformate affords ethoxymethylenemalonodinitrile, which reacts with alkyl β-oxocarboxylates to yield the substituted 4-aminosalicylates 4a - c. Acid or basic hydrolysis of the nitrile and ester groups of 4a - c leads to the new derivatives 5a, 7a - c, 8a - c, and 9a of 4-aminosalicylic acid. The isophthalic acid derivatives 6a - c are obtained by basic hydrolysis of 4a - c.
    Notes: Aus Malonsäuredinitril und Orthoameisensäure-triethylester erhält man Ethoxymethylenmalonsäuredinitril, welches mit β-Oxocarbonsäureestern zu den substituierten 4-Aminosalicylsäure-estern 4a - c reagiert. Durch saure oder alkalische Hydrolyse der Nitril- und Estergruppen von 4a - c entstehen die neuen Derivate 5a, 7a - c, 8a - c und 9a der 4-Aminosalicyclsäure; allein durch alkalische Hydrolyse erhält man die Isophthalsäurederivate 6a - e.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 67
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 829-841 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Cycloadditions and Cyclizations in the Reactions of Ynamines with KetenesYnamines 1a-e with alkyl, aryl, acyl, and phosphino groups at the acetylenic β-carbon atom add diphenylketene (2a) and the aldoketenes 2b-d to yield in all cases the allenecarboxamides 4a-i besides the cyclobutenones 5a-i. The β-naphthyl diphenylacetate 7 is isolated as by-product on reaction of 1c with 2a. The ynamines 1f-h, bearing phosphoryl groups, add diphenylketene 2a to yield the cyclobutenones 5j-I and the cyclization products 9a-c. The naphthols 9a and 9b bearing phosphoryl and phosphorimidoyl groups exhibit strong intramolecular hydrogen bonding, shown by their reactions and their spectroscopic data. Diazomethane transformed 9a and 9b into the corresponding methyl naphthyl ethers 10, while diphenylketene effected acylation of 9a to 11. The allenecarboxamides 4j-I are synthesized by treatment of the phosphino derivative 4i with hydroperoxide, sulfur, and p-toluenesulfonyl azide, respectively.
    Notes: Die Inamine 1a-e mit Alkyl-, Aryl-, Acyl- und Phosphinresten am β-Kohlenstoffatom bilden mit Diphenylketen (2a) und den Aldoketenen 2b-d in allen Fällen Allencarboxamide 4a-i neben den Cyclobutenonen 5a-i. Als Nebenprodukt wird bei der Umsetzung von 1c mit 2a das β-Naphthyl-diphenylacetat 7 isoliert. Die Phosphorylgruppen tragenden Inamine 1f-h liefern mit 2a neben den Cyclobutenonen 5j-I die Cyclisierungsprodukte 9a-c. Die beiden Naphthole 9a und 9b mit der Phosphoryl- bzw. der Phosphorimidoyl-Gruppierung besitzen starke intramolekulare Wasserstoffbrückenbindungen, wie deren Reaktionen und spektroskopische Daten zeigen. Mit Diazomethan werden 9a und 9b in die entsprechenden Methylnaphthylether 10 übergeführt, während 9a mit Diphenylketen acyliert wird. Die Allencarboxamide 4j-I lassen sich aus dem Phosphin-Derivat 4i mit Hydroperoxid, Schwefel bzw p-Toluolsulfonylazid synthetisieren.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 68
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 858-865 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Ligand Structure and Complexation, XLV. - New Crown Ether EstersThe synthesis and properties of the new cyclic and non-cyclic crown ether type ligands 1-15 are described. They contain carboxylic and squaric ester units. Their ligand character has been proven by isolating crystalline complexes with sodium and potassium salts. With KSCN, 15 does not yield the expected ester complex (18), but the complex 19 of the diphenol 17.
    Notes: Synthese und Eigenschaften der neuen cyclischen und offenkettigen Neutralliganden 1-15 des Kronenethertyps, die Carbonsäure-oder Quadratsäureester-Gruppen enthalten, werden beschrieben. Die Ligandeigenschaften wurden durch Isolierung kristalliner Komplexe mit Natrium- und Kaliumsalzen nachgewiesen. 15 liefert mit KSCN nicht den erwarteten Komplex 18 des Esters, sondern den Komplex 19 des Diphenols 17.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 69
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Steroidal Compounds of Phosphorus, VII1). -Dimethylphosphinates and Dimethylthiophosphinates of HydroxysteroidsHydroxysteroids 1a-7a are converted in high yields into the dimethylphosphinates 1b-7b by dimethylphosphinic chloride or N,N-(dimethyl)dimethylphosphinic amide. Dimethylthiophosphinic chloride reacts uniformly and completely in presence of triethylamine to give the corresponding dimethylthiophosphinates 1c-7c, 8, and 9.
    Notes: Hydroxysteroide1a-7a werden durch Dimethylphosphinsäurechlorid oder N,N-(Dimethyl)-dimethylphosphinsäureamid mit hohen Ausbeuten in die Dimethylphosphinsäureester 1b-7b übergeführt. Dimethylthiophosphinsäurechlorid reagiert in Gegenwart von Triethylamin einheitlich und vollständig zu den entsprechenden Dimethylthiophosphinsäureestern 1c-7c, 8 und 9.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 70
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Contributions to the Chemistry of Indole, XII1). - Syntheses of Compounds Similar to Eserine, III; New Derivatives of Deoxyeseroline Substituted at N-1 and N-8 and a Novel Synthesis of EseretholeTreatment of the ethyl 3-methyl-4-phenylhydrazonobutanoates 1 with HCI/ethanol gives the furoindolones 2 in good yields. Reaction of 2 with primary amines furnishes the pyrroloindolones 3 without by-products. Furthermore, reactions of 2 with complex hydrides and with Grignard compounds are described. Eserethole (4e) has been obtained in quantitative yield by reaction of 2g with LiAIH4.
    Notes: Die Behandlung der 3-Methyl-4-phenylhydrazonobutansäure-ethylester 1 mit HCI/Ethanol liefert in guten Ausbeuten die Furoindolone 2. Die Reaktion von 2 mit primären Aminen ergibt ohne Nebenprodukte die Pyrroloindolone 3. Weiterhin werden Umsetzungen von 2 mit komplexen Hydriden und mit Grignard-Verbindungen beschrieben. Aus 2g erhält man mit LiAIH4 in quantitativer Ausbeute Eserethol (4e).
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 71
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 944-949 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Reactions of Cyanide Ions with α,β-Unsaturated Esters, II1). - Reactions of Ethyl Acrylate and MethacrylateAction of sodium cyanide on ethyl acrylate (1a) and ethyl methacrylate (1b) yields ethyl 2-cyano-3-oxocyclopentanecarboxylates 6a and 6b, respectively. From these were obtained the 3-oxocyclopentanecarboxylic acids 7a and 7b, respectively, and from 7b the isomeric methyl esters 81 and 82 which were separated by distillation.
    Notes: Einwirkung von Natriumcyanid auf Acrylsäure-ethylester (1a) und Methacrylsäure-ethylester (1b) führt zu den 2-Cyan-3-oxocyclopentancarbonsäure-ethylestern 6a bzw. 6b. Daraus erhielt man die 3-Oxocyclopentancarbonsäuren 7a bzw. 7b und aus 7b die isomeren Methylester 81 und 82, die destillativ getrennt wurden.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 72
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Heterocyclic 12-π- and 14-π-Systems, 34. - Experiments on the Reactivity of 2-Phenyl-5H-naphtho[1,8-bc]furan-5-one (Oxapseudophenalenone)Reactions of 2-phenyl-5H-naphtho[1,8-bc]furan-5-one (1) with perchloric acid in alcohols yield the 4-alkoxy-8-hydroxy-1-naphthyl phenyl ketones 3a-3c which are also obtained from 4,8-dihydroxy-1-naphthyl phenyl ketone (2) in acidic alcoholic solutions. Diphenylketene, naphthylphenylketene, tert-butylcyanoketene, cyanomethylketene, cyanophenylketene react with 1 to give the 2-phenyl-oxapseudophenafulvenes 4-8; thermolysis of 2,5-diazido-3,6-dioxo-1,4-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dicarbonitrile (9) yields in situ the dicyanoketene (10) which reacts with the ketone 1 via elimination of CO2 to give the (2-phenyl-oxapseudophenafulven-5-ylidene)malonodinitrile 11. Compound 11 was not obtained by another route.
    Notes: Die Reaktionen von 2-Phenyl-5H-naphtho[1,8-bc]furan-5-on (1) mit Perchlorsäure in Alkoholen führen zu den (4-Alkoxy-8-hydroxy-1-naphthyl)(phenyl)ketonen 3a-3c, die auch aus (4,8-Dihydroxy-1-naphthyl)(phenyl)keton (2) in sauren alkoholischen Lösungen zugänglich sind. Mit Diphenylketen, Naphthylphenylketen, tert-Butylcyanketen, Cyanmethylketen, Cyanphenylketen werden die 2-Phenyl-oxapseudophenafulvene 4-8 erhalten, mit dem durch Thermolyse von 2,5-Diazido-3,6-dioxo-1,4-cyclohexadien-1,4-dicarbonitril (9) in situ erzeugten Dicyanketen (10) wird unter Eliminierung von CO2 das auf anderen Wegen nicht zugängliche (2-Phenyl-oxapseudophenafulven-5-yliden)malonodinitril 11 synthetisiert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 73
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Heterocyclic 12-π- and 14-π-Systems, 36. - Synthesis and Reactivity of 3-Hydroxy-2H-naphtho[1,8-bc]thiophen-2-one - an Iso-π-electronic peri-9-Hydroxyphenalen-1-oneReaction of 2-methoxybenzo[b]thiophene with cinnamoyl chloride in the presence of AICI3 yields 2-methoxybenzo[b]thiophen-3-yl α-styryl ketone (1a). 2-Bromobenzo[b]thiophene and cinnamoyl chloride or 2-bromobenzo[b]thiophen-3-yl methyl ketone (1b) and benzaldehyde yield 2-bromobenzo[b]thiophen-3-yl α-styryl ketone (2). Compound 1a reacts in aqueous ethanolic solution to give 3 and the reaction products 4 and 5 were isolated by cyclisation of 2; 3-hydroxy-2H-naphtho[1,8-bc]thiophen-2-one (6) was obtained from 4 and methanolic sodium hydroxide. Reaction of 6 with Co++ and Ni++ salts leads to the complexes 7a and 7b; alkylation with dialkyl sulfate furnishes the derivatives 8a and 8b, and alkylation with the “Meerwein salt” triethyloxonium tetrafluoroborate affords the 2,3-diethoxy (thiapseudophenalenium) salt 9. We obtained the thione compound 10 from 8b and P2S5; methylation of 10 with CH3I gave the 3-ethoxy-2-methylthio (thiapseudophenalenium) salt 11. We synthesized the thiapseudophenafulvene 12 from 10 and 11 under various conditions.
    Notes: Die Reaktion von 2-Methoxybenzo[thiophen mit Zimtsäurechlorid in Gegenwart von AICI3 ergibt (2-Methoxybenzo[b]thiophen-3-yl)(α-styryl)keton (1a), aus 2-Brombenzo[b]thiophen mit Zimtsäurechlorid oder ausgehend von (2-Brombenzo[b]thiophen-3-yl)(methyl)keton (1b) mit Benzaldehyd wird (2-Brombenzo[b]thiophen-3-yl)(α-styryl)keton (2) erhalten. 1a geht in wäßrig-ethanolischer Lösung in 3 über und durch Cyclisierung von 2 werden als Reaktionsprodukte 4 sowie 5 isoliert. Durch Behandlung von 4 mit methanolischer Natronlauge wird 3-Hydroxy-2H-naphtho[1,8-bc]thiophen-2-on (6) erhalten. Die Verbindung 6 bildet sehr leicht mit Co++- und Ni++-Salzen die Komplexe 7a bzw. 7b, durch Alkylierung mit Dialkylsulfat werden die Derivate 8a sowie 8b, durch weitere Alkylierung mit “Meerweinsalz” das 2,3-Diethoxy(thiapseudophenaleniumsalz) 9 erhalten. Aus 8b entsteht mit Phosphorpentasulfid die Thion-Verbindung 10, durch Methylierung von 10 mit CH3I das 3-Ethoxy-2-methylthio(thiapseudophenaliumsalz) 11, während aus 10 sowie 11 unter verschiedenen Bedingungen das Thiapseudophenafulven 12 synthetisiert wurde.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 74
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Stereoselective Synthesis of 2′-Substituted 2-Vinylcyclopropanecarboxylic Acids and -carbaldehydes; Preparation of Homologues of the Seaweed Pheromone EctocarpeneVersatile and sterically unequivocal syntheses are described for derivatives of 2-(1-alkenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid and -carbaldehyde as intermediates in the preparation of 1,2-bis(1-alkenyl)cyclopropanes and substituted 1,4-cycloheptadienes. Starting from ethyl trans-2-formyl-cyclopropanecarboxylate (13) they lead to 1,2-cyclopropanedicarbaldehyde (18), protected on one side, which may undergo stepwise olefinations. The advantages of using these bifunctional cyclopropane compounds are that few synthetic steps are involved, the products are easily separated, and good yields are obtained. By this method, we have prepared inter alia the natural products dictyopterenes 1-3 with cyclopropane structure and ectocarpene (4) with 1,4-cycloheptadiene structure. The possibility of separating them from their diastereomers are described.
    Notes: Variationsfähige und sterisch eindeutige Synthesen von Derivaten von 2-(1-Alkenyl)cyclopropan-carbonsäure und -carbaldehyd als Zwischenstufen für die Darstellung von 1,2-Bis(1-alkenyl)-cyclopropanen und substituierten 1,4-Cycloheptadienen wurden ausgearbeitet. Sie gehen aus von trans-2-Formylcyclopropancarbonsäure-ethylester (13) und führen über einseitig geschützten 1,2-cyclopropandicarbaldehyd (18), der stufenweise olefiniert werden kann. Die Vorteile der Verwendung derartiger bifunktioneller Cyclopropanderivate sind die geringe Zahl von Syntheseschritten bei guten Ausbeuten sowie die unproblematische Trennung der Zwischenprodukte. Unter anderem werden alternative Wege zu den Cyclopropan- und 1,4-Cycloheptadien-Naturstoffen, wie den Dictyopterenen 1-3 und Ectocarpen (4) beschrieben und Möglichkeiten zur Trennung von deren Diastereomeren angegeben.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 75
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 997-1001 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Preparation of N-Alkyliminobis(thiocarbaldehydes)N-Methyl- (2a) and N-ethyliminobis(thiocarbaldehyde) (2b), and their hydrochlorides 4, were prepared by reaction of the corresponding N-alkylbis(dichloromethyl)amines 3 with hydrogen sulfide. Their properties and spectroscopic data are reported. Compound 2a reacts with antimony(V) chloride to give a 1:1 adduct.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 76
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Investigations on Diazo Compounds and Azides, XXXII. - Substitution Reactions at the Diazo Carbon of Diazomethylphosphoryl Compounds
    Additional Material: 6 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 77
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Components of the Green Deathcap Toadstool Amanita phalloides, LVI1). - Recyclization of Secophalloidin and Secophallisin to the Toxic Parent Compounds and Non-toxic-DiastereomersThe secolactones 2a and 2b obtained by mild acidic hydrolysis from phalloidin (1a) or phallisin (1b), respectively, are transformed into the zwitterionic seco compounds 3a and 3b on passing through a column of Sephadex LH-20 in 0.004N ammonium hydroxide. After activation of the carboxyl groups of 3a or 3b by reaction with isobutyloxycarbonyl chloride, the mixed anhydrides so formed lead under reformation of the peptide ring to the original toxins 1a and 1b, respectively, and also to the diastereomeric peptides 4a and 4b in which the π-hydroxylated amino acids have D-configuration. These D-amino acid-containing analogs are non-toxic in doses up to 50 mg per kg body weight of the white mouse. Their difference UV spectra with and without actin differ markedly from those of the toxic phallotoxins.
    Notes: Die durch milde Säurehydrolyse aus Phalloidin (1a) oder Phallisin (1b) erhältlichen Secolactone 2a und 2b werden durch Passieren einer Säule von Sephadex LH-20 in 0.004 N Ammonium-hydroxid-Lösung in die Secozwitterionen 3a bzw. 3b verwandelt. An diesen gelingt nach Aktivierung als gemischte Anhydride mit Isobutyloxycarbonylchlorid die Recyclisierung zu den Muttersubstanzen 1a und 1b. Die nebenbei entstehenden, chromatographisch abtrennbaren, isomeren bicyclischen Peptide 4a und 4b werden als Diastereomere von 1a bzw. 1b erkannt, die sich durch die D-Konfiguration der π-hydroxylierten Aminosäure Nr. 7 von 1a und 1b unterscheiden. Diese Diastereomere sind bis 50 mg pro kg an der weißen Maus ungiftig, ihre UV-Differenzspektren mit und ohne Actin unterscheiden sich von denen der giftigen Phallotoxine.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 78
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Rearrangement of 4-(Tetrahydrocarbazol-9-yl)- and 4-(Tetrahydrocyclopent[6]indol-4-yl)-3-buten-2-oneThe N-substitution products 1 and 9b of tetrahydrocarbazole and of tetrahydrocyclopentindole with acetylacetaldehyde dimethyl acetal react in methanolic hydrochloric acid to give besides the cyclisation product 12 under rearrangement the ketone 2a and the ketones 6a and 10a with pro-pellane structure. The compounds 12 and 10a as well as 6a and 2a are shown to be in equilibrium. The reaction course and the spectra are discussed. - Compound 2a is hydrogenated to 3a, which can be isolated in two stereoisomeric forms corresponding to cis- and trans-decalone. The benzoyl derivative 3g formed by hydrogenation has the same constitution as the appropriately modified product obtained by Fischer cyclisation from trans-α-decalone. - The rearrangement products 2a, 6a and 10a, as well as the corresponding saturated ketones 3a, 7a and 11, are transformed into derivatives by reaction at the oxo and amino function. Furthermore, 2a gives the benzylidene derivative 4 while 3a furnishes the benzylidene derivative 5a and the cinnamylidene derivative 5b.
    Notes: Die mit Acetylacetaldehyd-dimethylacetal gebildeten N-Substitutionsprodukte 1 und 9b des Tetrahydrocarbazols und Tetrahydrocyclopentindols reagieren in methanolischer Salzsäure außer zum Cyclisierungsprodukt 12 unter Umlagerung zum Keton 2a sowie zu den Ketonen 6a bzw. 10a mit Propellanstruktur. Für die Verbindungen 12 und 10a sowie für 6a und 2a wird ein Gleichgewicht nachgewiesen. Der Reaktionsverlauf und die Spektren werden erörtert. - Die Verbindung 2a wird zum gesättigten Keton 3a hydriert, das in zwei stereoisomeren Formen, dem cis- und trans-Decalon entsprechend, gefaßt wird. Das durch Hydrierung gewonnene Benzoylderivat 3g besitzt die gleiche Konstitution wie das durch Fischer-Reaktion aus transα-Decalon gewonnene und entsprechend abgewandelte Produkt. - Die Umlagerungsprodukte 2a, 6a und 10a sowie die entsprechenden gesättigten Ketone 3a, 7a und 11 werden durch Umsetzung an der Oxo- und Aminogruppe in Derivate übergeführt. Außerdem liefert 2a das Benzylidenderivat 4 und 3a das Benzylidenderivat 5a sowie das Cinnamylidenderivat 5b.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 79
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 1067-1080 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Syntheses and Photoreductions of NitroisoalloxazinesNitration of 3,10-dimethylisoalloxazine (1b) yields the 7-nitro derivative 2b. Nitration of 3,7,10-trimethylisoalloxazine (1c) gives the 6- and 9-mononitro compounds in a ratio of 2c:2d = 97:3, from 3,7,8,10-tetramethylisoalloxazine, the 6- and 9-nitro and the 6,9-dinitro derivatives are obtained in a ratio of 2g:2h:2i = 76:8:1. Riboflavine (1h) yields only the 6-mononitro derivative 2k. - 8-Nitroisoalloxazine 2n is obtained from the 8-amino derivative 3a via the diazonium salt 4a. Mild nitration of 1,3,7,8-tetramethylalloxazine (5b) yields the 6- and 9-mononitro derivatives 5d and 5f, respectively. - On photoreduction of the 6- and 8-nitroisoalloxazines in the presence of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, the corresponding hydroxylamino derivatives 7b and a, respectively, are formed which can be reoxidized by hexacyanoferrate(III). Continued photoreduction gives the amino derivatives. 9-Nitroisoalloxazines 2h is photoreduced only to the 1,5-dihydro-9-nitro compound 6a, which is reoxidized by oxygen.
    Notes: Die Nitrierung von 3,10-Dimethylisoalloxazin (1b) ergibt das 7-Nitroderivat 2b. Aus 3,7,10-Trimethylisoalloxazin (1c) entstehen dabei das 6- und 9-Mononitroderivat im Verhältnis von 2c:2d = 97:3, aus 3,7,8,10-Tetramethylisoalloxazin (1f) das 6-, 9-Nitro- und das 6,9-Dinitroderivat im Verhältnis von 2g:2h:2i = 76:8:1. Riboflavin (1h) ergibt ausschließlich die 6-Mononitroverbindung 2k. - Die Synthese des 8-Nitroisoalloxazins 2n ist aus der 8-Aminoverbindung 3a über das Diazoniumsalz 4a möglich. Vorsichtige Nitrierung von 1,3,7,8-Tetramethylalloxazin (5b) ergibt ein Gemisch des 6- und 9-Mononitroderivats 5d bzw. 5f. - Bei der Photoreduktion der 6- und 8-Nitroisoalloxazinderivate in Gegenwart von Ethylendiamin-tetraessigsäure entstehen zunächst die entsprechenden Hydroxylaminoverbindungen 7a und b, die durch Hexacyanoferrat(III) zu den Nitroderivaten reoxidiert werden; fortgesetzte Photoreduktion ergibt die Aminoverbindungen. Das 9-Nitroisoalloxazin 2h wird nur zur 1,5-Dihydro-9-nitro-Stufe 6a photoreduziert, die durch Sauerstoff zur Ausgangsverbindung reoxidierbar ist.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 80
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 1112-1115 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Limits in the Addition of Dichlorocarbene to Sterically Demanding OlefinsSterically crowded tetrasubstituted olefins do not react with CCl2. - New dichlorocyclopropanes 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, and 10 are described. 2 rearranges to 3 and 4 even at 65 ° C in vacuo.
    Notes: Sterisch stark behinderte tetrasubstituierte Olefine reagieren nicht mit Dichlormethylen. - Die neuen Dichlorcyclopropane 1, 2, 5, 6, 7 und 10 werden beschrieben. 2 lagert sich bereits bei 65 ° C im Vakuum in 3 und 4 um.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 81
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 1102-1111 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Crown Ethers With Different Pharmacophoric GroupsThe preparation of drug crown ethers with different ion selectivities is described. Apart from crown ether amines with acetylsalicyl-, p-aminobenzoyl-, trimethoxycinnamoyl-, phenothiazine-and other substituents several barbiturates as well as papaverine, eupaverine, isoproterenol, and orciprenaline derivatives with intramolecular crown ether units have been synthesized. A crystalline complex of ligand 22 with Ca(SCN)2 and containing 1 mol H2O has been obtained.
    Notes: Die Darstellung von Arzneimittel-Kronenethern mit unterschiedlicher Ionenselektivität wird be-schrieben. Außer Kronenetheraminen mit Acetylsalicyl-, p-Aminobenzoyl-, Trimethoxycinnamoyl-, Phenothiazinylresten und anderen Substituenten wurden verschiedene Barbiturate sowie Papaverin-, Eupaverin-, Isoproterenol- und Orciprenalin-Abkömmlinge mit intramolekularen Kronenethereinheiten synthetisiert. Von dem Liganden 22 wurde ein kristalliner Komplex mit Ca(SCN)2 erhalten, der 1 mol H2O enthält.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 82
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 866-869 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis of Olefins via Light-induced Fragmentations of Thietanes with a New SensitizerThe fragmentations of the spirothietanes 1 or 5a-d, induced with visible light in the presence of the 2-thioparabanate 4 as a triplet sensitizer, proceed with formation of the highly substituted ole-fin derivatives 2 or 6a-d, respectively.
    Notes: In Gegenwart der 2-Thioparabansäure 4 als neuem Triplett-Sensibilisator führen die bereits mit sichtbarem Licht induzierten Fragmentierungen der Spirothietane 1 oder 5a-d in glatter Reaktion zu den hochsubstituierten Olefin-Abkömmlingen 2 bzw. 6a-d.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 83
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 121-132 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: 13C-NMR Investigations of 2-Cyclohexenones and 2,5-CyclohexadienonesProton noise decoupled 13C-NMR spectra of 26 2-cyclohexen-1-ones and 2,5-cyclohexadien-1-ones have been measured. The unequivocal assignment of the spectra was achieved with the aid of proton off-resonance decoupled spectra and by selective deuteration. Moreover, it became evident that assignments reported in the literature were wrong and need to be corrected. Effects of various substituents in position 4 of the system as well as solvent effects are discussed. The 13C-values of the carbonyl carbon of all cyclohexenones and cyclohexadienones proved to be of diagnostic value for both of these ring systems, often occurring in nature.
    Notes: Von 26 2-Cyclohexen-1-onen und 2,5-Cyclohexadien-1-onen wurden die 1H-breitbandentkoppelten 13C-NMR-Spektren aufgenommen. Die eindeutige Zuordnung der Signale erfolgte durch 1H-Off-Resonance-Entkopplung sowie durch selektive Deuterierung. Dabei zeigte sich, daß Zuordnungen in der Literatur falsch getroffen wurden und korrigiert werden müssen. Die Substituenteneinflüsse verschiedener sich in 4-Stellung befindlicher Reste sowie Lösungsmitteleffekte werden daneben diskutiert. Die13C-Resonanzen der Carbonylkohlenstoffatome von Cyclohexenonen und Cyclohexadienonen erwiesen sich als diagnostisch für jedes dieser beiden in der Natur häufig vorkommender Ringsysteme.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 84
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 102-120 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Vinylamines, XXII.-Solvent Dependence of Imine-Enamine-TautomerismThe imine ⇌ enamine equilibria of 35 tautomeric compounds in [D5]bromobenzene and [D5]-nitrobenzene can be described very strictly by a linear free energy relationship. The investigation of seven selected compounds in seven solvents of different polarity shows this to be a common principle. With the less polar solvent [D6]benzene as standard a group of straight lines with a common point of intersection results. They all show a positive slope and intercept. Thus polar solvents favour the enamine tautomer. The solvent effect is high in the case of compounds existing largely in the enamine form and becomes very low in the case of compounds having a high imine content. The enthalpies and entropies of reaction-determined from the temperature dependence of the equilibria-show that the solvent effect can generally be described by an isothermodynamic relationship. It is compensatory (β = 506 K) in character and controlled by enthalpy changes (β 〉 Texp.).
    Notes: Die Gleichgewichte Imin ⇌ Enamin von 35 tautomeren Verbindungen in [D5]Brombenzol und [D5]Nitrobenzol gehorchen einer linearen Freie-Enthalpie-Beziehung hoher Präzision. Die Untersuchung von sieben ausgewählten Verbindungen in sieben Lösungsmitteln unterschiedlicher Polarität zeigt, daß es sich um ein allgemeines Prinzip handelt. Mit dem am wenigsten polaren Lösungsmittel [D6]Benzol als Standard erhält man eine Schar von Geraden mit positiver Steigung, positivem Ordinatenabschnitt und einem gemeinsamen Schnittpunkt. Polare Lösungsmittel begünstigen also das Enamin. Der Lösungsmitteleffekt ist bei hohen Enaminanteilen am größten und geht bei hohen Iminanteilen gegen Null. Die aus der Temperaturabhängigkeit der Gleichgewichte bestimmten Reaktionsenthalpien und Reaktionsentropien zeigen, daß der Lösungsmitteleffekt allgemein durch eine isothermodynamische Beziehung kompensatorischer Art (β = 506 K) mit Enthalpiekontrolle (β 〉 Texp.) beschrieben werden kann.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 85
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Cyclopropanimines, IV.-α-BromoketiminesThe synthesis of α-bromoketimines is achieved in two ways which complement each other. At low temperature, the reaction of α-bromoimidoyl chlorides 3 with Grignard reagents affords good yields of N-alkyl- and N-aryl-α-bromoketimines 4 in an unequivocal way with respect to the position of the bromine atom. In contrast, the N-(tert-butyl)bromo-tert-butylketenimine 6 reacts unexpectedly via substitution of the bromine.-Bromination of the N-tert-butylketimines 9, derived from methyl ketones, by N-bromosuccinimide or by 2,4,4,6-tetrabromocyclohexadienone occurs largely regioselectively at the methyl group. On warming the primary bromination products undergo (presumably acid-catalysed) isomerization and disproportionation to give equilibrium mixtures in which the bromoketimines having the bromine atom at the more highly substituted α-position predominate.-The reaction of the N-tert-butylimine of tetramethylcyclohexanone 10 with tetrabromocyclohexadienone yields a mixture of tautomeric monobromo compounds. In contrast, under all conditions tried bromine reacts to give only the α-α'-dibromoenamine 17. For steric reasons, this reacts exclusively at the nitrogen atom with protons or excess bromine.-The structures of all compounds are confirmed by IR and 1 H-NMR spectra, from which conclusions are also drawn concerning the preferred configuration and conformation.
    Notes: Die Synthese von α-Bromketiminen gelingt auf zwei Wegen, die sich ergänzen. Umsetzung der α-Bromimidoylchloride 3 mit Grignard-Verbindungen bei tiefer Temperatur ergibt eindeutig bezüglich der Stellung des Bromatoms in guten Ausbeuten die N-Alkyl- und N-Aryl-α-bromketimine 4. Das N-(tert-Butyl)brom-tert-butylketenimin 6 reagiert dagegen unerwartet unter Substitution des Broms.-Die Bromierung der N-tert-Butylketimine 9, die sich von Methylketonen ableiten, mit N-Bromsuccinimid oder 2,4,4,6-Tetrabromcyclohexadienon erfolgt weitgehend regioselektiv an der Methylgruppe. Aus den primären Bromierungsprodukten erhält man beim Erwärmen durch (vermutlich säurekatalysierte) Isomerisierung und Disproportionierung Gleichgewichtsgemische, in denen die Bromimine 13 mit dem Bromatom an der höhersubstituierten α-Stellung stark überwiegen.-Das N-tert-Butylimin des Tetramethylcyclohexanons 10 liefert mit dem Tetrabrom-cyclohexadienon ein Tautomerengemisch von Monobrom-Verbindungen, mit Brom dagegen stets nur das α-α'-Dibromenamin 17. Aus sterischen Gründen reagiert dieses mit Protonen oder überschüssigem Brom nur noch am Stickstoff.-Die Strukturen der Verbindungen werden durch IR-und 1H-NMR-Spektren gesichert, aus denen auch Rückschlüsse auf die bevorzugte Konfiguration und Konformation abgeleitet werden.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 86
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 142-143 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Note on the Thermal Rearrangement of O-Benzoyl-N-methyl-N-[2-( methylthio)phenyl]hydroxylamineThe thermal rearrangement of O-benzoyl-N-methyl-N-[2-(methylthio)phenyl] hydroxylamine (1) to 2-(methylaminocarbonyl)phenylthiomethyl benzoate (2) is described.
    Notes: Die thermische Umlagerung von O-Benzoyl-N-methyl-N-[2-(methylthio)phenyl] hydroxylamin (1) in Benzoesäure-[2-(methylaminocarbonyl)phenylthiomethylester] (2) wird beschrieben.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 87
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979) 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 88
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 145-149 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Bridged Tetraphenylene Systems, II.-On the Structure of 4,11-Dihydrodicyclopenta[def, pqr]-tetraphenylene and Its Dilithium DerivativeIt follows from the 1 H-NMR data of the doubly methano-bridged tetraphenylene 1that this compound has a nonplanar structure. This also holds for the 4,11-dilithium derivatives, 3which reacts with iodine to give undefined polymeric products.
    Notes: Aus den 1H-NMR-Daten des zweifach Methano-verbrückten Tetraphenylens 1 folgt, daß diese Verbindung einen nichtplanaren Bau besitzen muß. Gleiches gilt für das 4,11-Dilithium-Derivat 3, das mit lod zu undefinierten polymeren Produkten reagiert.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 89
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis and Configuration of Diastereomeric 9-Methylcarbazole CompoundsA synthetic route including Reformatsky and Curtius reactions has been used for the preparation of the diastereomeric ß-hydroxyesters 1a, b, hydroxyhydrazides 4a, b, oxazolidones 6a, b and 8c-e, amino alcohols 7a -e and some related compounds in good yields. The relative configurations of 1a, b have been determined by a thin-layer chromatographic method. The configuration and conformation of the diastereomeric carbazole derivatives have been studied by1H-NMR and IR spectroscopy.
    Notes: Es wurden Reformatsky- und Curtius-Reaktionen von Carbazol-Derivaten untersucht, wobei mit guten Ausbeuten diastereomere ß-Hydroxydrazide, 4a b, Oxyzolidone 6a b und 8c-e,ß -Aminoalkohole 7a-e wie auch einige verwandte Verbindungen erhalten wurden. Die Konfigurationen von 1a, b wurden mit einer dünnschichtchromatographischen Methode be-stimmt. Konfiguration und Konformation der Diastereomeren wurden .1H-NMR- und IR-spektroskopisch ermittelt.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 90
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Flavonoids, XXXIV.-Nucleophilic Substitution in 3-(Alkyl- and 3-(Arylsulfonyloxy)-favanones; a New Method for Synthesis of 3-AminoflavenonesTeilweise vorgetragen auf dem 5. Ungarischen Bioflavonoid-Symposium, Matrafüred, 1977; vgl.: T. Patonay, M. Rdkosi, Gy. Litkel, T. Mester und R. Bognár in Flavonoids and Bioflavonoids, Current Research Trends, Proceedings of the 5th Hungarian Bioflavonoid Symposium, M átrafured, 25-27 May 1977 (L. Farkas, M. Gábor und F. Kallay), S. 227, Akadémiai Kiado, Budapest und Elsevier, Amsterdam 1977.3-Hydroxyflavanones 1-4 and 3-hydroxyflavenone (14) react with alkane- and arenesulfonyl chlorides giving the corresponding 3-sulfonates 5-8, 10-13 and 15-20, respectively. 3-(Tosyl-oxy)flavanone (9)cannot be obtained. On reaction with azide ions, the 3-(methysulfonyloxy)fla-vanones 5-8 give the 3-azidoflavanones 25-28 with azide ions, which transform into the 3-aminoflavenones 21-24 in a base-induced, secondary reaction. The corresponding reaction is accompanied by a (3-elimination leading to flavenones 29-32. The ratio of products 21-24 29-32 is determined by the R1-substituent of ring B of the starting compounds 5-8. 3-Azidoflavanone (25) can be isolated on quenching of the reaction; compound 25 gives 3-aminoflavanone (36) and 3-(triphenylphosphoranediylamino)flavenone (39) on catalytic hydrogenation and treatment with triphenylphosphine, respectively.
    Notes: Die Umsetzungen der 3-Hydroxyflavanone 1-4 und des 3-Hydroxyflavenons (14) mit Alkan- und Arensulfonsäruechloriden liefern die entsprechenden 3-Sulfonate 5-8, 10-13 bzw. 15-20 Das 3-(Tosyloxy)flavanon (9) läßt sich nicht auf diese Weise herstellen. Die 3-(Methylsulfonyloxy)flavanone 5-8 bilden mit Azidionen 3-Azidoflavanone 25-28, die sich in einer baseninduzierten Sekundärreaktion zu 3-Aminoflavenonen 21-24 umsetzen. Daneben entstehen die ent sprechenden Flavenone 29-32. Das Produktverhältnis 21-24 29-32 wird durch den Substituenten R1 am Ring B der Ausgangsverbindungen 5-8bestimmt. Durch frühzeitigen Abbruch der Reaktion läßt sich das 3-Azidoflavanon (25) isolieren, das durch katalytische Hydrierung in das 3-Aminoflavanon (36) und mit Triphenylphosphin in das 3-(Triphenylphosphorandiylamino)-flavenon (39) übergeführt wird.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 91
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 174-180 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Flavonoids, XXXV1.-Synthesis of α-Azido-2′-oxychalcones and Their Transformation into 3-AminoflavenonesTeilweise vorgetragen auf dem 5. Ungarischen Bioflavonoid-Symposium. Mátrafüred, 1977; vgl.: T. Patonay, M. Rákosi, Gy. Litkei, T. Mester und R. Bogná in Flavonoids and Bioflavonoids, Current Research Trends, Proceedings of the 5th Hungarian Bioflavonoid Symposium, Mátrafüred, 25-27 May 1977 (L. Farkas, M. Gábor und F. Kállay), S. 227, Akadémia Kiadó, Budapest und Elsevier, Amsterdam 1977.The regioselective reaction of the benzylacetophenone dibromides 5a-d with sodium azide in dimethylformamide affords a 9:1 mixture of α-azido-2′-oxychalcones 4a-dand isoxazoles 7a, b, d. On treatment with bases 4a and4d are transformed into 3-aminoflavenone (11), whereas 4b gives the same product with acid. 4a-c give 2′-oxy-a-(triphenylphosphoranediylamino)chalcones 14a-c with triphenylphosphine, whereas 4d yields 2,3-trans-3-(triphenylphophoranediylamino)-flavanone (15) under the same conditions.
    Notes: In einer regioselektiven Reaktion werden aus den Benzylacetophenondibromiden 5a-d mil Natriumazid in Dimethylformamid die α-Azido-2′-oxychalkone 4a-d und Isooxazole 7a, b und dim Verhältnis 9:1 hergestellt. Aus 4a und d erhält man mit Basen und aus 4b mit Sauren 3-Aminoflavenon (11). Mit Triphenylphosphin bilden 4a-c die 2′-Oxy-a-(triphenylphosphorandiylamino)chalkone 14a-c, während 4d 2,3-trans 25-3-(Triphenylphosphorandiylamino)flavanon (15) liefert.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 92
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 194-199 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: E,Z-Rearrangements of 2,3-Dichloroacrylic Acid Derivatives and Synthesis of E,Z-2-Bromo-4,5-dichloro-2,4-pentadienoic AcidThe configuration of the stereoisomeric acrylic acids 1a and 2a is confirmed by 13C-NMR spectroscopic investigations. Rearrangements E-Z, probably due to the cis-effect of the chlorine atoms in Z-isomers, were observed in the preparation of the acid chloride 1d from 2a and the aldehyde 1f from 2d and 2g.-The synthesis of the pentadienoic acid 5 from 1f via 3 and 4 is described.
    Notes: Die Konfiguration der stereoisomeren Dichloracrylsäuren 1a und Za wird durch 13C-NMR-spektroskopische Untersuchungen festgelegt. Umlagerungen E-*Z die wahrscheinlich durch den cis-Effekt der Chloratome in den Z-Isomeren verursacht sind, wurden bei der Darstellung des Säurechlorids 1d aus 2a sowie der des Aldehyds If aus 2d und 2g beobachtet.-Die Synthese der Pentadiensäure 5 aus 1f über 3 und 4 wird beschrieben.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 93
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 181-193 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Polyaddukts of Dihalocarbenes to Polyolefins and Experiments on Directed Partial DehalogenationPhase transfer catalysis permits the addition of up to 2 :CHal2 to pyrene, up to 3 :CHal2 to bullvalene, and up to 4 :CHal2 to cyclooctatetraene, However, the yields of higher adducts are low. Several reducing agents are used for partial dehalogenation of cyclooctatetraene adducts. Removal of several endo-bromine atoms in one step is possible most efficiently with tributyl tin hydride, but zinc/DMF shows high selectivity in some cases too. Removal of several endo-bromine atoms is achieved by halogen metal exchange at low temperature and subsequent methanolysis. In the case of the bisadduct 9b, there is a narrow temperature range in which alternative ring enlargement and immediate valence tautomerization to naphthalene can be avoided.
    Notes: Die Phasentransfer-Katalyse gestattet die Addition von bis zu 2 :CHal2 an Pyren, bis zu 3 :CHal2 an Bullvalen und bis zu 4 :CHal2 an Cyclooctatetraen. Jedoch sind die Ausbeuten niedrig. Verschiedene Reduktionsmittel wurden zur partiellen Enthalogenierung der Cyclooctatetraen-Addukte erprobt. Zur Entfernung mehrerer exo-Bromatome in einem Reaktionsschritt ist Tributylzinnhydrid am besten geeignet, aber auch Zink/DMF reagiert gelegentlich sehr selektiv. Die Entfernung mehrerer endo-Bromatome gelingt durch Halogen-Metall-Austausch bei tiefer Temperatur und anschließende Methanolyse. Beim Bisaddukt 9b gibt es einen engen Temperaturbereich, in dem die alternative Ringerweiterung und sofortige Valenztautomerisierung zu Naphtha-lin vermieden werden kann.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 94
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 200-209 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Reaction of Epoxide with Isocyanates, II1b)-Preparation and Characterization of 2-OxazolidinonesIsocyanates react with epoxides to yield 2-oxazolidinones. The reaction of isocyanates with un-symmetrically substituted epoxides 1 was studied in order to investigate differences in the direction of ring opening of the epoxides as a function of the type of catalyst (nucleophilic or electrophilic). With the exception of styrene oxides, where 4- and 5-substituted 2-oxazolidinones 4 and8 are formed, all other epoxides examined lead to 5-substituted 2-oxazolidinones, independent of the catalyst, e.g. 2a-c.
    Notes: Isocyanate reagieren mit Epoxiden zu 2-Oxazolidinonen. Um auf die Öffnungsrichtung des Epoxidringes in Abhängigkeit vom Katalysator (nucleophil oder elektrophil) schließen zu können, wurden Umsetzungen von Isocyanaten mit unsymmetrisch substituierten Epoxiden 1untersucht; dabei konnte festgestellt werden, daß nur aus Styroloxid auch in 4-Stellung substituierte2-Oxazolidinone 4 und 8 gebildet werden. Alle anderen untersuchten Epoxide führen unabhängig vom Katalysator ausschließlich zu 5-substituierten 2-Oxazolidinonen, z. B. 2a-c.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 95
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 210-218 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Reaction of Epoxides will Isocyanates, III-Study of 2-Oxazolidinones by Mass SpectrometryThe decomposition of 2-oxazolidinones in the mass spectrometer is initiated essentially by two steps: 1) Elimination of carbon dioxide by α-decomposition; 2) a-cleavage by liberation of carbon monoxide and of the corresponding aldehyde.-The 5-aryl-3-phenyl-2-oxazolidinones (e. g. 1) undergo both reactions at roughly equal rates. 5-Alkyl- or 5-alkylidene-3-phenyl-2-oxazolidi-nones (e. g.4, 5) preferentially eliminate carbon dioxide. The main degradation reaction of 4-aryl-3-phenyl-2-oxazolidinones (e. g. 2) is α-cleavage.
    Notes: Der Zerfall von 2-Oxazolidinonen im Massenspektrometer wird im wesentlichen durch zwei Primärschritte eingeleitet: 1) Abspaltung von Kohlendioxid durch p-Zerfall; 2) a-Spaltung unter Freisetzung von Kohlenmonoxid und dem entsprechenden Aldehyd.-Bei 5-Aryl-3-phenyl-2-oxazolidinonen (z. B. 1) vollziehen sich beide Reaktionen in gleichem Maße; 5-Alkyl- oder 5-Alkyliden-3-phenyl-2-oxazolidinone (z. B. 4, 5) spalten vorzugsweise Kohlendioxid ab. 4-Aryl-3-phenyl-2-oxazolidinone (z. B. 2) zeigen als Hauptreaktion die α-Spaltung.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 96
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 219-226 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Lithium Alkynolates and Lithio KetenesLithium phenylalkynolate (7a) was obtained from 3,4-diphenylisoxazole (5a) via 3,4-diphenyl-5-isoxazolyllithium (5b). Compound 7a was trapped with chlorotrimethylsilane as phenyltrimethylsilylketene (8 a) and with aldehydes and ketones as p-lactones 11.-3-Phenylisoxazole (5c) afforded the dilithio ketene (8d) (lithium tetramethylpiperidide as metalating agent). 8d was trapped as bis(trimethylsilyl)ketene or bis(trimethylstannyl)ketene (8b or c).-Other heterocyclic precursors for lithium alkynolates were examined.
    Notes: Aus 3,4-Diphenylisoxazol (5a) erhielt man über 3,4-Diphenyl-5-isoxazolyllithium (5b) Lithiumphenylethinolat (1a). Dieses wurde mit Chlortrimethylsilan zu Phenyl(trimethylsilyl)keten (8a), mit Aldehyden und Ketonen zu ß-lactonen 11 umgesetzt.-Aus 3-Phenylisoxazol (5c) entstand (mit Lithium-tetramethylpiperidid als Metallierungsmittel) Dillithioketen (8d), das als Bis(tri-methylsilyl)- oder Bis(trimethylstannyl)keten (8b bzw. c) nachgewiesen wurde.-Andere hetero-cyclische Vorstufen für Lithiumalkinolate wurden erprobt.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 97
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 1116-1121 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Constituents of Euphorbiaceae, Vl. - Three New 4-Deoxyphorbol Triesters from Euphorbia biglandulosa Desf.The new 4-deoxyphorbol triesters 13,20-O-diacetyl-12-O-(Z,E)-2,4-octadienoyl-4-deoxyphorbol (1), 20- O-acetyl-12-O-(Z,E)2,4-octadienoyl-13-O-propionyl-4-deoxyphorbol (2) and 20-O-acetyl-13-O-isobutyryl-12-O-(Z,E)-2,4-octadienoyl-4-deoxyphorbol (3) were isolated from the lipophilic phase of the latex sap of Euphorbia biglandulosa Desf. Their structure and that of the compounds 1a, 1b,2a and 3a formed on hydrolysis have been established by IR-, 1H-NMR- and mass spectroscopy. - The natural compounds have an irritating action on the skin of mice, a toxic on fishes and inhibit the oxidative phosphorylation of isolated heart mitochondria.
    Notes: Aus der lipophilen Phase des Milchsaftes von Euphorbia biglandulosa Desf. wurden 13,20-O-Diacetyl-12-O-(Z,E)-2,4-octadienoyl-4-desoxyphorbol (1), 20-O-Acetyl-12-O-(Z,E)-2,4-octa-dienoyl-13-O-propionyl-4-desoxyphorbol (2) und 20-O-Acetyl-13-O-isobutyryl-12-O-(Z,E)-2,4-octadienoyl-4-desoxyphorbol (3) isoliert. Die Strukturen dieser Verbindungen und ihrer Hydrolysederivate 1a, 1b, 2a,3a wurden durch IR-, 1H-NMR- und Massen-Spektroskopie belegt. -Die Substanzen 1-3 wirken als Fischgifte; sie sind hautätzend und hemmen die oxidative Phosphorylierung isolierter Herzmitochondrien.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 98
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 1125-1129 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis and NMR Spectra of DiazadiphosphetidinesThe 1,3-diaza-2,4-diphosphetidines 4a-e are synthesized from tris(dialkylamino)phosphanes and aniline derivatives. Diphenyldiazomethane oxidizes a phosphorus atom in 4a to yield 5. The coupling constants JPf in 4 and 5 strongly suggest that P-F coupling occurs mainly through-space.
    Notes: Die 1,3-Diaza-2,4-diphosphetidine 4a -e werden durch Transaminierung aus Tris(dialkyl-amino)phosphanen und Anilinderivaten synthetisiert. Diphenyldiazomethan oxidiert in 4a ein Phosphoratom und führt zu 5. Die Kopplungskonstanten JPF legen nahe, daß die P - F-Kopplung hauptsächlich nach einem'through-space”-Mechanismus erfolgt.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 99
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 1137-1150 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Cycloadditions and Rearrangements During the Interaction of Hydrogen Bromide with AlkynesLiquid phase reactions of anhydrous hydrogen bromide with some alkynes were studied. In addition to products formed by conventional ionic and/or radical additions, 1-butyne (4a), 1-pentyne (4b), 1-hexyne (4c) and 3-cyclohexyl-1-propyne (4d) afforded in each case the corresponding cyclodimerization products 5 and/or 6 having 1,3-dialkyl-1,3-dibromocyclobutane structures. Under certain conditions 3,3-dimethyl-1-butyne (19) afforded 2,3-dibromo-2,3-dimethylbutane (28) and 1,3-dibromo-2,3-dimethylbutane (31). 2-Butyne (32) yielded four (33 - 36) of the five possible 1,3-dibromo-1,2,3,4-tetramethylcyclobutanes if HBr was used in excess, whereas the two stereo-isomeric 3-bromo-1,2,3,4-tetramethylcyclobutenes 38 and 39 were formed if a deficient amount of HBr was used.
    Notes: Die Flüssigphasenreaktionen von wasserfreiem Bromwasserstoff mit einigen Acetylenverbindungen wurden untersucht. Zusätzlich zu den durch konventionelle ionische und/oder radikalische Addition erhaltenen Produkten wurden aus 1-Butin (4a), 1-Pentin (4b), 1-Hexin (4c) und 3-Cyclohexyl-1-propin (4d) die entsprechenden Cyclodimeren 5 und/oder 6 mit 1,3-Dialkyl-1,3-dibromcyclobutanstrukturen gewonnen. Aus 3,3-Dimethyl-1-butin (19) entstanden unter be-stimmten Bedingungen 2,3-Dibrom-2,3-dimethylbutan (28) und 1,3-Dibrom-2,3-dimethylbutan (31). 2-Butin (32) lieferte mit überschüssigem HBr vier (33-36) der fünf möglichen 1,3-Dibrom-1,2,3,4-tetramethylcyclobutane und mit HBr im Unterschuß die beiden stereoisomeren 3-Brom-1,2,3,4-tetramethylcyclobutene 38 und 39.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 100
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Fragmentations with Supernucleophiles, VIII.  - Cleavage of β-Halogenated Urethanes by Co-balt(I)-phthalocyanine; a New Amino Protecting Group Technique for Peptide SynthesesHerrn Prof. Dr. Otto Bayer in Verehrung zum 75. Geburtstag gewidmet.A new protecting group technique, using ß-haloalkoxycarbonyl groups is presented and tested in two peptide syntheses. These protection groups are removed selectively and under mild conditions by the supernucleophilic cobalt(I)-phthalocyanine. The mechanism of this reaction consists in an alkylation step, followed by fragmentation.
    Notes: Eine neue Schutzgruppentechnik unter Verwendung von ß-Halogenalkoxycarbonyl-Gruppen wird vorgestellt und ihre Nützlichkeit anhand zweier Peptidsynthesen bewiesen. Die Abspaltung der Schutzgruppen erfolgt selektiv mit supernukleophilem Kobalt(I)-phthalocyanin über einen Alkylierungs-, Fragmentierungsmechanismus unter sehr schonenden Bedingungen.
    Additional Material: 9 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...