ALBERT

All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

X
feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • Articles  (438)
  • Cells, Cultured  (438)
  • 2005-2009  (233)
  • 1980-1984  (205)
  • 1950-1954
  • Natural Sciences in General  (438)
  • Biology  (438)
Collection
  • Articles  (438)
Source
Keywords
Publisher
Years
Year
Journal
Topic
  • 1
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Reprogramming towards pluripotency requires AID-dependent DNA demethylation (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-12-23
    Description: Reprogramming of somatic cell nuclei to yield induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells makes possible derivation of patient-specific stem cells for regenerative medicine. However, iPS cell generation is asynchronous and slow (2-3 weeks), the frequency is low (〈0.1%), and DNA demethylation constitutes a bottleneck. To determine regulatory mechanisms involved in reprogramming, we generated interspecies heterokaryons (fused mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells and human fibroblasts) that induce reprogramming synchronously, frequently and fast. Here we show that reprogramming towards pluripotency in single heterokaryons is initiated without cell division or DNA replication, rapidly (1 day) and efficiently (70%). Short interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated knockdown showed that activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID, also known as AICDA) is required for promoter demethylation and induction of OCT4 (also known as POU5F1) and NANOG gene expression. AID protein bound silent methylated OCT4 and NANOG promoters in fibroblasts, but not active demethylated promoters in ES cells. These data provide new evidence that mammalian AID is required for active DNA demethylation and initiation of nuclear reprogramming towards pluripotency in human somatic cells.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2906123/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2906123/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bhutani, Nidhi -- Brady, Jennifer J -- Damian, Mara -- Sacco, Alessandra -- Corbel, Stephane Y -- Blau, Helen M -- AG009521/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- AG024987/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- AI007328/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG009521/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG009521-25/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG024987/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG024987-05/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- T32 AI007328/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U01 HL100397/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 Feb 25;463(7284):1042-7. doi: 10.1038/nature08752.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305-5175, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20027182" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Division ; Cell Fusion ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Cellular Reprogramming/genetics/*physiology ; Chromatin Immunoprecipitation ; Cytidine Deaminase/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; DNA/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; *DNA Methylation ; DNA Replication ; Embryonic Stem Cells/cytology/metabolism ; Fibroblasts/cytology/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Gene Knockdown Techniques ; Homeodomain Proteins/genetics ; Humans ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/*cytology/enzymology/*metabolism ; Lung/cytology/embryology ; Mice ; Models, Biological ; Octamer Transcription Factor-3/genetics ; Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 2
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    IRF4 addiction in multiple myeloma (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-06-24
    Description: The transcription factor IRF4 (interferon regulatory factor 4) is required during an immune response for lymphocyte activation and the generation of immunoglobulin-secreting plasma cells. Multiple myeloma, a malignancy of plasma cells, has a complex molecular aetiology with several subgroups defined by gene expression profiling and recurrent chromosomal translocations. Moreover, the malignant clone can sustain multiple oncogenic lesions, accumulating genetic damage as the disease progresses. Current therapies for myeloma can extend survival but are not curative. Hence, new therapeutic strategies are needed that target molecular pathways shared by all subtypes of myeloma. Here we show, using a loss-of-function, RNA-interference-based genetic screen, that IRF4 inhibition is toxic to myeloma cell lines, regardless of transforming oncogenic mechanism. Gene expression profiling and genome-wide chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis uncovered an extensive network of IRF4 target genes and identified MYC as a direct target of IRF4 in activated B cells and myeloma. Unexpectedly, IRF4 was itself a direct target of MYC transactivation, generating an autoregulatory circuit in myeloma cells. Although IRF4 is not genetically altered in most myelomas, they are nonetheless addicted to an aberrant IRF4 regulatory network that fuses the gene expression programmes of normal plasma cells and activated B cells.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2542904/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2542904/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shaffer, Arthur L -- Emre, N C Tolga -- Lamy, Laurence -- Ngo, Vu N -- Wright, George -- Xiao, Wenming -- Powell, John -- Dave, Sandeep -- Yu, Xin -- Zhao, Hong -- Zeng, Yuxin -- Chen, Bangzheng -- Epstein, Joshua -- Staudt, Louis M -- CA113992/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA97513/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA113992/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA113992-02/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R33 CA097513-03/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- Z99 CA999999/Intramural NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Jul 10;454(7201):226-31. doi: 10.1038/nature07064. Epub 2008 Jun 22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Metabolism Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18568025" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; B-Lymphocytes/metabolism/pathology ; Cell Survival ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics ; Cells, Cultured ; Chromatin Immunoprecipitation ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Genes, myc/genetics ; Humans ; Interferon Regulatory Factors/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Mice ; Multiple Myeloma/genetics/*metabolism/*pathology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc/metabolism ; RNA Interference ; Transcriptional Activation
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 3
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Eukaryotic initiation factor 6 is rate-limiting in translation, growth and transformation (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-09-12
    Description: Cell growth and proliferation require coordinated ribosomal biogenesis and translation. Eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) control translation at the rate-limiting step of initiation. So far, only two eIFs connect extracellular stimuli to global translation rates: eIF4E acts in the eIF4F complex and regulates binding of capped messenger RNA to 40S subunits, downstream of growth factors, and eIF2 controls loading of the ternary complex on the 40S subunit and is inhibited on stress stimuli. No eIFs have been found to link extracellular stimuli to the activity of the large 60S ribosomal subunit. eIF6 binds 60S ribosomes precluding ribosome joining in vitro. However, studies in yeasts showed that eIF6 is required for ribosome biogenesis rather than translation. Here we show that mammalian eIF6 is required for efficient initiation of translation, in vivo. eIF6 null embryos are lethal at preimplantation. Heterozygous mice have 50% reduction of eIF6 levels in all tissues, and show reduced mass of hepatic and adipose tissues due to a lower number of cells and to impaired G1/S cell cycle progression. eIF6(+/-) cells retain sufficient nucleolar eIF6 and normal ribosome biogenesis. The liver of eIF6(+/-) mice displays an increase of 80S in polysomal profiles, indicating a defect in initiation of translation. Consistently, isolated hepatocytes have impaired insulin-stimulated translation. Heterozygous mouse embryonic fibroblasts recapitulate the organism phenotype and have normal ribosome biogenesis, reduced insulin-stimulated translation, and delayed G1/S phase progression. Furthermore, eIF6(+/-) cells are resistant to oncogene-induced transformation. Thus, eIF6 is the first eIF associated with the large 60S subunit that regulates translation in response to extracellular signals.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2753212/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2753212/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gandin, Valentina -- Miluzio, Annarita -- Barbieri, Anna Maria -- Beugnet, Anne -- Kiyokawa, Hiroaki -- Marchisio, Pier Carlo -- Biffo, Stefano -- GGP05043/Telethon/Italy -- R01/PHS HHS/ -- R01 CA112282/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA112282-04/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Oct 2;455(7213):684-8. doi: 10.1038/nature07267. Epub 2008 Sep 10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Molecular Histology and Cell Growth Laboratory, San Raffaele Science Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18784653" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adipose Tissue/cytology ; Animals ; Body Weight ; Cell Division/drug effects ; Cell Nucleolus/metabolism ; *Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytoplasm/metabolism ; Fibroblasts ; G1 Phase/drug effects ; Heterozygote ; Insulin/pharmacology ; Liver/cytology/growth & development ; Mice ; NIH 3T3 Cells ; Oncogenes/genetics ; *Peptide Chain Initiation, Translational/drug effects ; Peptide Initiation Factors/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Ribosomes/chemistry/metabolism ; *S Phase/drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 4
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    NUMB controls p53 tumour suppressor activity (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-01-04
    Description: NUMB is a cell fate determinant, which, by asymmetrically partitioning at mitosis, controls cell fate choices by antagonising the activity of the plasma membrane receptor of the NOTCH family. NUMB is also an endocytic protein, and the NOTCH-NUMB counteraction has been linked to this function. There might be, however, additional functions of NUMB, as witnessed by its proposed role as a tumour suppressor in breast cancer. Here we describe a previously unknown function for human NUMB as a regulator of tumour protein p53 (also known as TP53). NUMB enters in a tricomplex with p53 and the E3 ubiquitin ligase HDM2 (also known as MDM2), thereby preventing ubiquitination and degradation of p53. This results in increased p53 protein levels and activity, and in regulation of p53-dependent phenotypes. In breast cancers there is frequent loss of NUMB expression. We show that, in primary breast tumour cells, this event causes decreased p53 levels and increased chemoresistance. In breast cancers, loss of NUMB expression causes increased activity of the receptor NOTCH. Thus, in these cancers, a single event-loss of NUMB expression-determines activation of an oncogene (NOTCH) and attenuation of the p53 tumour suppressor pathway. Biologically, this results in an aggressive tumour phenotype, as witnessed by findings that NUMB-defective breast tumours display poor prognosis. Our results uncover a previously unknown tumour suppressor circuitry.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Colaluca, Ivan N -- Tosoni, Daniela -- Nuciforo, Paolo -- Senic-Matuglia, Francesca -- Galimberti, Viviana -- Viale, Giuseppe -- Pece, Salvatore -- Di Fiore, Pier Paolo -- England -- Nature. 2008 Jan 3;451(7174):76-80. doi: 10.1038/nature06412.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉IFOM, the FIRC Institute for Molecular Oncology Foundation, Via Adamello 16, 20139, Milan, Italy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18172499" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Breast Neoplasms/genetics/metabolism/pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA Damage ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Gene Silencing ; Humans ; Membrane Proteins/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Prognosis ; Protein Binding ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2/metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/*metabolism ; Ubiquitination
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 5
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Translational control of the innate immune response through IRF-7 (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-02-15
    Description: Transcriptional activation of cytokines, such as type-I interferons (interferon (IFN)-alpha and IFN-beta), constitutes the first line of antiviral defence. Here we show that translational control is critical for induction of type-I IFN production. In mouse embryonic fibroblasts lacking the translational repressors 4E-BP1 and 4E-BP2, the threshold for eliciting type-I IFN production is lowered. Consequently, replication of encephalomyocarditis virus, vesicular stomatitis virus, influenza virus and Sindbis virus is markedly suppressed. Furthermore, mice with both 4E- and 4E-BP2 genes (also known as Eif4ebp1 and Eif4ebp2, respectively) knocked out are resistant to vesicular stomatitis virus infection, and this correlates with an enhanced type-I IFN production in plasmacytoid dendritic cells and the expression of IFN-regulated genes in the lungs. The enhanced type-I IFN response in 4E-BP1-/- 4E-BP2-/- double knockout mouse embryonic fibroblasts is caused by upregulation of interferon regulatory factor 7 (Irf7) messenger RNA translation. These findings highlight the role of 4E-BPs as negative regulators of type-I IFN production, via translational repression of Irf7 mRNA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Colina, Rodney -- Costa-Mattioli, Mauro -- Dowling, Ryan J O -- Jaramillo, Maritza -- Tai, Lee-Hwa -- Breitbach, Caroline J -- Martineau, Yvan -- Larsson, Ola -- Rong, Liwei -- Svitkin, Yuri V -- Makrigiannis, Andrew P -- Bell, John C -- Sonenberg, Nahum -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Mar 20;452(7185):323-8. doi: 10.1038/nature06730. Epub 2008 Feb 13.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry and McGill Cancer Center, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18272964" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Carrier Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Dendritic Cells/immunology ; Embryo, Mammalian/cytology ; Eukaryotic Initiation Factors/deficiency/genetics/metabolism ; Fibroblasts/virology ; Gene Deletion ; Immunity, Innate/genetics/*immunology ; Interferon Regulatory Factor-7/*biosynthesis/genetics/metabolism ; Interferon Type I/biosynthesis/immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Phosphoproteins/deficiency/genetics/metabolism ; *Protein Biosynthesis ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus/physiology ; Virus Physiological Phenomena ; Virus Replication
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 6
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Suppression of Myc oncogenic activity by ribosomal protein haploinsufficiency (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-11-18
    Description: The Myc oncogene regulates the expression of several components of the protein synthetic machinery, including ribosomal proteins, initiation factors of translation, RNA polymerase III and ribosomal DNA. Whether and how increasing the cellular protein synthesis capacity affects the multistep process leading to cancer remains to be addressed. Here we use ribosomal protein heterozygote mice as a genetic tool to restore increased protein synthesis in Emu-Myc/+ transgenic mice to normal levels, and show that the oncogenic potential of Myc in this context is suppressed. Our findings demonstrate that the ability of Myc to increase protein synthesis directly augments cell size and is sufficient to accelerate cell cycle progression independently of known cell cycle targets transcriptionally regulated by Myc. In addition, when protein synthesis is restored to normal levels, Myc-overexpressing precancerous cells are more efficiently eliminated by programmed cell death. Our findings reveal a new mechanism that links increases in general protein synthesis rates downstream of an oncogenic signal to a specific molecular impairment in the modality of translation initiation used to regulate the expression of selective messenger RNAs. We show that an aberrant increase in cap-dependent translation downstream of Myc hyperactivation specifically impairs the translational switch to internal ribosomal entry site (IRES)-dependent translation that is required for accurate mitotic progression. Failure of this translational switch results in reduced mitotic-specific expression of the endogenous IRES-dependent form of Cdk11 (also known as Cdc2l and PITSLRE), which leads to cytokinesis defects and is associated with increased centrosome numbers and genome instability in Emu-Myc/+ mice. When accurate translational control is re-established in Emu-Myc/+ mice, genome instability is suppressed. Our findings demonstrate how perturbations in translational control provide a highly specific outcome for gene expression, genome stability and cancer initiation that have important implications for understanding the molecular mechanism of cancer formation at the post-genomic level.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2880952/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2880952/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barna, Maria -- Pusic, Aya -- Zollo, Ornella -- Costa, Maria -- Kondrashov, Nadya -- Rego, Eduardo -- Rao, Pulivarthi H -- Ruggero, Davide -- R01 HL085572/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL085572-03/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Dec 18;456(7224):971-5. doi: 10.1038/nature07449. Epub 2008 Nov 16.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of California San Francisco, Rock Hall Room 384C, 1550 Fourth Street, San Francisco, California 94158-2517, USA. maria.barna@ucsf.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19011615" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Apoptosis ; B-Lymphocytes/cytology/metabolism/pathology ; Cell Division ; Cell Size ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytokinesis ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Genes, myc/*genetics ; Genomic Instability ; Heterozygote ; Lymphoma/genetics/pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mitosis ; Oncogene Protein p55(v-myc)/*genetics/*metabolism ; Precancerous Conditions/metabolism/pathology ; *Protein Biosynthesis ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism ; Ribosomal Proteins/*deficiency/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 7
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Generation of pluripotent stem cells from adult human testis (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-10-14
    Description: Human primordial germ cells and mouse neonatal and adult germline stem cells are pluripotent and show similar properties to embryonic stem cells. Here we report the successful establishment of human adult germline stem cells derived from spermatogonial cells of adult human testis. Cellular and molecular characterization of these cells revealed many similarities to human embryonic stem cells, and the germline stem cells produced teratomas after transplantation into immunodeficient mice. The human adult germline stem cells differentiated into various types of somatic cells of all three germ layers when grown under conditions used to induce the differentiation of human embryonic stem cells. We conclude that the generation of human adult germline stem cells from testicular biopsies may provide simple and non-controversial access to individual cell-based therapy without the ethical and immunological problems associated with human embryonic stem cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Conrad, Sabine -- Renninger, Markus -- Hennenlotter, Jorg -- Wiesner, Tina -- Just, Lothar -- Bonin, Michael -- Aicher, Wilhelm -- Buhring, Hans-Jorg -- Mattheus, Ulrich -- Mack, Andreas -- Wagner, Hans-Joachim -- Minger, Stephen -- Matzkies, Matthias -- Reppel, Michael -- Hescheler, Jurgen -- Sievert, Karl-Dietrich -- Stenzl, Arnulf -- Skutella, Thomas -- England -- Nature. 2008 Nov 20;456(7220):344-9. doi: 10.1038/nature07404. Epub 2008 Oct 8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Anatomy, Department of Experimental Embryology, Tubingen, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18849962" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Animals ; Biomarkers/metabolism ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Line ; Cell Lineage ; Cells, Cultured ; Embryonic Stem Cells/cytology/metabolism ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Pluripotent Stem Cells/*cytology/metabolism ; Spermatogonia/cytology/ultrastructure ; Teratoma/pathology ; Testis/*cytology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 8
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    The earliest thymic progenitors for T cells possess myeloid lineage potential (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-04-11
    Description: There exists controversy over the nature of haematopoietic progenitors of T cells. Most T cells develop in the thymus, but the lineage potential of thymus-colonizing progenitors is unknown. One approach to resolving this question is to determine the lineage potentials of the earliest thymic progenitors (ETPs). Previous work has shown that ETPs possess T and natural killer lymphoid potentials, and rare subsets of ETPs also possess B lymphoid potential, suggesting an origin from lymphoid-restricted progenitor cells. However, whether ETPs also possess myeloid potential is unknown. Here we show that nearly all ETPs in adult mice possess both T and myeloid potential in clonal assays. The existence of progenitors possessing T and myeloid potential within the thymus is incompatible with the current dominant model of haematopoiesis, in which T cells are proposed to arise from lymphoid-. Our results indicate that alternative models for lineage commitment during haematopoiesis must be considered.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bell, J Jeremiah -- Bhandoola, Avinash -- England -- Nature. 2008 Apr 10;452(7188):764-7. doi: 10.1038/nature06840.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18401411" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Cell Lineage ; Cells, Cultured ; Coculture Techniques ; Dendritic Cells/cytology ; Female ; Granulocytes/cytology ; *Hematopoiesis ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/*cytology/metabolism ; Macrophages/cytology ; Mice ; Models, Biological ; Myeloid Cells/*cytology/metabolism ; Stromal Cells/cytology ; T-Lymphocytes/*cytology/metabolism ; Thymus Gland/*cytology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 9
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Oligopotent stem cells are distributed throughout the mammalian ocular surface (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-10-03
    Description: The integrity of the cornea, the most anterior part of the eye, is indispensable for vision. Forty-five million individuals worldwide are bilaterally blind and another 135 million have severely impaired vision in both eyes because of loss of corneal transparency; treatments range from local medications to corneal transplants, and more recently to stem cell therapy. The corneal epithelium is a squamous epithelium that is constantly renewing, with a vertical turnover of 7 to 14 days in many mammals. Identification of slow cycling cells (label-retaining cells) in the limbus of the mouse has led to the notion that the limbus is the niche for the stem cells responsible for the long-term renewal of the cornea; hence, the corneal epithelium is supposedly renewed by cells generated at and migrating from the limbus, in marked opposition to other squamous epithelia in which each resident stem cell has in charge a limited area of epithelium. Here we show that the corneal epithelium of the mouse can be serially transplanted, is self-maintained and contains oligopotent stem cells with the capacity to generate goblet cells if provided with a conjunctival environment. Furthermore, the entire ocular surface of the pig, including the cornea, contains oligopotent stem cells (holoclones) with the capacity to generate individual colonies of corneal and conjunctival cells. Therefore, the limbus is not the only niche for corneal stem cells and corneal renewal is not different from other squamous epithelia. We propose a model that unifies our observations with the literature and explains why the limbal region is enriched in stem cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Majo, Francois -- Rochat, Ariane -- Nicolas, Michael -- Jaoude, Georges Abou -- Barrandon, Yann -- England -- Nature. 2008 Nov 13;456(7219):250-4. doi: 10.1038/nature07406. Epub 2008 Oct 1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Stem Cell Dynamics, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne CH, Switzerland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18830243" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult Stem Cells/*cytology ; Animals ; Cattle ; Cells, Cultured ; Child, Preschool ; Clone Cells ; Corneal Transplantation ; Epithelium, Corneal/*cytology/metabolism ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Infant ; Keratinocytes/cytology/metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, SCID ; Models, Biological ; Multipotent Stem Cells/*cytology ; Proteins/metabolism ; Rats ; Swine
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 10
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Cutaneous cancer stem cell maintenance is dependent on beta-catenin signalling (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-04-04
    Description: Continuous turnover of epithelia is ensured by the extensive self-renewal capacity of tissue-specific stem cells. Similarly, epithelial tumour maintenance relies on cancer stem cells (CSCs), which co-opt stem cell properties. For most tumours, the cellular origin of these CSCs and regulatory pathways essential for sustaining stemness have not been identified. In murine skin, follicular morphogenesis is driven by bulge stem cells that specifically express CD34. Here we identify a population of cells in early epidermal tumours characterized by phenotypic and functional similarities to normal bulge skin stem cells. This population contains CSCs, which are the only cells with tumour initiation properties. Transplants derived from these CSCs preserve the hierarchical organization of the primary tumour. We describe beta-catenin signalling as being essential in sustaining the CSC phenotype. Ablation of the beta-catenin gene results in the loss of CSCs and complete tumour regression. In addition, we provide evidence for the involvement of increased beta-catenin signalling in malignant human squamous cell carcinomas. Because Wnt/beta-catenin signalling is not essential for normal epidermal homeostasis, such a mechanistic difference may thus be targeted to eliminate CSCs and consequently eradicate squamous cell carcinomas.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Malanchi, Ilaria -- Peinado, Hector -- Kassen, Deepika -- Hussenet, Thomas -- Metzger, Daniel -- Chambon, Pierre -- Huber, Marcel -- Hohl, Daniel -- Cano, Amparo -- Birchmeier, Walter -- Huelsken, Joerg -- England -- Nature. 2008 Apr 3;452(7187):650-3. doi: 10.1038/nature06835.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne/ISREC (Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research) and National Center of Competence in Research Molecular Oncology, Chemin des Boveresses 155, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18385740" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens, CD34/metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; *Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Cells, Cultured ; Epidermis/pathology ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Neoplastic Stem Cells/*metabolism/*pathology ; *Signal Transduction ; Skin Neoplasms/*pathology ; beta Catenin/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 11
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    SAP-controlled T-B cell interactions underlie germinal centre formation (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-10-10
    Description: Generation of long-term antibody-mediated immunity depends on the germinal centre reaction, which requires cooperation between antigen-specific T and B lymphocytes. In human X-linked lymphoproliferative disease and its gene-targeted mouse model, loss-of-function mutations in signalling lymphocyte activation molecule-associated protein (SAP, encoded by SH2D1a) cause a profound defect in germinal centre formation by an as yet unknown mechanism. Here, using two-photon intravital imaging, we show that SAP deficiency selectively impairs the ability of CD4(+) T cells to stably interact with cognate B cells but not antigen-presenting dendritic cells. This selective defect results in a failure of antigen-specific B cells to receive adequate levels of contact-dependent T-cell help to expand normally, despite Sap(-/-) T cells exhibiting the known characteristics of otherwise competent helper T cells. Furthermore, the lack of stable interactions with B cells renders Sap(-/-) T cells unable to be efficiently recruited to and retained in a nascent germinal centre to sustain the germinal centre reaction. These results offer an explanation for the germinal centre defect due to SAP deficiency and provide new insights into the bi-directional communication between cognate T and B cells in vivo.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2652134/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2652134/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Qi, Hai -- Cannons, Jennifer L -- Klauschen, Frederick -- Schwartzberg, Pamela L -- Germain, Ronald N -- Z01 AI000545-19/Intramural NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Oct 9;455(7214):764-9. doi: 10.1038/nature07345.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18843362" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; B-Lymphocytes/*cytology/*immunology ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*cytology/*immunology ; Cell Adhesion ; Cell Communication ; Cells, Cultured ; Chimera/immunology ; Dendritic Cells/immunology ; Germinal Center/*cytology/*immunology ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Mice
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 12
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Identification of a serotonin/glutamate receptor complex implicated in psychosis (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-02-26
    Description: The psychosis associated with schizophrenia is characterized by alterations in sensory processing and perception. Some antipsychotic drugs were identified by their high affinity for serotonin 5-HT2A receptors (2AR). Drugs that interact with metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR) also have potential for the treatment of schizophrenia. The effects of hallucinogenic drugs, such as psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide, require the 2AR and resemble some of the core symptoms of schizophrenia. Here we show that the mGluR2 interacts through specific transmembrane helix domains with the 2AR, a member of an unrelated G-protein-coupled receptor family, to form functional complexes in brain cortex. The 2AR-mGluR2 complex triggers unique cellular responses when targeted by hallucinogenic drugs, and activation of mGluR2 abolishes hallucinogen-specific signalling and behavioural responses. In post-mortem human brain from untreated schizophrenic subjects, the 2AR is upregulated and the mGluR2 is downregulated, a pattern that could predispose to psychosis. These regulatory changes indicate that the 2AR-mGluR2 complex may be involved in the altered cortical processes of schizophrenia, and this complex is therefore a promising new target for the treatment of psychosis.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2743172/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2743172/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gonzalez-Maeso, Javier -- Ang, Rosalind L -- Yuen, Tony -- Chan, Pokman -- Weisstaub, Noelia V -- Lopez-Gimenez, Juan F -- Zhou, Mingming -- Okawa, Yuuya -- Callado, Luis F -- Milligan, Graeme -- Gingrich, Jay A -- Filizola, Marta -- Meana, J Javier -- Sealfon, Stuart C -- G9811527/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- P01 DA012923/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- P01 DA012923-06A10004/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- T32 DA007135/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- T32 DA007135-25S1/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM062754/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Mar 6;452(7183):93-7. doi: 10.1038/nature06612. Epub 2008 Feb 24.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029, USA. javier.maeso@mssm.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18297054" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/cytology/metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Down-Regulation ; Hallucinogens/metabolism/pharmacology ; Humans ; Mice ; Models, Molecular ; Multiprotein Complexes/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Psychotic Disorders/drug therapy/genetics/*metabolism ; Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A/analysis/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate/analysis/antagonists & ; inhibitors/genetics/*metabolism ; Schizophrenia/metabolism ; Signal Transduction/drug effects ; Up-Regulation
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 13
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Neural palmitoyl-proteomics reveals dynamic synaptic palmitoylation (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-12-19
    Description: Palmitoylation regulates diverse aspects of neuronal protein trafficking and function. Here a global characterization of rat neural palmitoyl-proteomes identifies most of the known neural palmitoyl proteins-68 in total, plus more than 200 new palmitoyl-protein candidates, with further testing confirming palmitoylation for 21 of these candidates. The new palmitoyl proteins include neurotransmitter receptors, transporters, adhesion molecules, scaffolding proteins, as well as SNAREs and other vesicular trafficking proteins. Of particular interest is the finding of palmitoylation for a brain-specific Cdc42 splice variant. The palmitoylated Cdc42 isoform (Cdc42-palm) differs from the canonical, prenylated form (Cdc42-prenyl), both with regard to localization and function: Cdc42-palm concentrates in dendritic spines and has a special role in inducing these post-synaptic structures. Furthermore, assessing palmitoylation dynamics in drug-induced activity models identifies rapidly induced changes for Cdc42 as well as for other synaptic palmitoyl proteins, suggesting that palmitoylation may participate broadly in the activity-driven changes that shape synapse morphology and function.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2610860/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2610860/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kang, Rujun -- Wan, Junmei -- Arstikaitis, Pamela -- Takahashi, Hideto -- Huang, Kun -- Bailey, Aaron O -- Thompson, James X -- Roth, Amy F -- Drisdel, Renaldo C -- Mastro, Ryan -- Green, William N -- Yates, John R 3rd -- Davis, Nicholas G -- El-Husseini, Alaa -- DA019695/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- DA13602/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- GM65525/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- NS043782/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- P01 DA019695/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- P01 DA019695-01A20001/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- P01 DA019695-020001/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- R01 DA013602/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- R01 DA013602-01/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- R01 DA013602-02/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- R01 DA013602-02S1/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- R01 DA013602-02S2/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- R01 DA013602-03/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- R01 DA013602-04/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- R01 DA013602-05/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS032693/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS032693-08/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS043782/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS043782-01A2/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS043782-02/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS043782-03/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS043782-04/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS043782-05/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R56 NS043782/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R56 NS043782-06/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- RR011823/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Dec 18;456(7224):904-9. doi: 10.1038/nature07605.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychiatry, Brain Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z3, British Columbia, Canada. rkang@interchange.ubc.ca〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19092927" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alternative Splicing/genetics ; Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Cerebral Cortex/cytology/embryology ; Dendrites/metabolism ; *Lipoylation ; Models, Neurological ; Neurons/*metabolism ; Organ Specificity ; Proteome/metabolism ; *Proteomics ; Rats ; Synapses/*metabolism ; cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein/genetics/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 14
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Angiogenesis selectively requires the p110alpha isoform of PI3K to control endothelial cell migration (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-05-02
    Description: Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) signal downstream of multiple cell-surface receptor types. Class IA PI3K isoforms couple to tyrosine kinases and consist of a p110 catalytic subunit (p110alpha, p110beta or p110delta), constitutively bound to one of five distinct p85 regulatory subunits. PI3Ks have been implicated in angiogenesis, but little is known about potential selectivity among the PI3K isoforms and their mechanism of action in endothelial cells during angiogenesis in vivo. Here we show that only p110alpha activity is essential for vascular development. Ubiquitous or endothelial cell-specific inactivation of p110alpha led to embryonic lethality at mid-gestation because of severe defects in angiogenic sprouting and vascular remodelling. p110alpha exerts this critical endothelial cell-autonomous function by regulating endothelial cell migration through the small GTPase RhoA. p110alpha activity is particularly high in endothelial cells and preferentially induced by tyrosine kinase ligands (such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A). In contrast, p110beta in endothelial cells signals downstream of G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) ligands such as SDF-1alpha, whereas p110delta is expressed at low level and contributes only minimally to PI3K activity in endothelial cells. These results provide the first in vivo evidence for p110-isoform selectivity in endothelial PI3K signalling during angiogenesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Graupera, Mariona -- Guillermet-Guibert, Julie -- Foukas, Lazaros C -- Phng, Li-Kun -- Cain, Robert J -- Salpekar, Ashreena -- Pearce, Wayne -- Meek, Stephen -- Millan, Jaime -- Cutillas, Pedro R -- Smith, Andrew J H -- Ridley, Anne J -- Ruhrberg, Christiana -- Gerhardt, Holger -- Vanhaesebroeck, Bart -- BB/C505659/1/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- BB/C505659/2/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- G0601093/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G0601093(79633)/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G0700711/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom -- England -- Nature. 2008 May 29;453(7195):662-6. doi: 10.1038/nature06892. Epub 2008 Apr 30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Centre for Cell Signalling, Institute of Cancer, Queen Mary, University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18449193" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Cell Movement ; Cells, Cultured ; Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases ; Endothelial Cells/*cytology/*enzymology ; Female ; Humans ; Mice ; *Neovascularization, Physiologic ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/genetics/*metabolism ; RNA Interference ; Rats ; Signal Transduction/drug effects ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/pharmacology ; Wounds and Injuries ; rho GTP-Binding Proteins/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 15
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Mechanism of shape determination in motile cells (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-05-24
    Description: The shape of motile cells is determined by many dynamic processes spanning several orders of magnitude in space and time, from local polymerization of actin monomers at subsecond timescales to global, cell-scale geometry that may persist for hours. Understanding the mechanism of shape determination in cells has proved to be extremely challenging due to the numerous components involved and the complexity of their interactions. Here we harness the natural phenotypic variability in a large population of motile epithelial keratocytes from fish (Hypsophrys nicaraguensis) to reveal mechanisms of shape determination. We find that the cells inhabit a low-dimensional, highly correlated spectrum of possible functional states. We further show that a model of actin network treadmilling in an inextensible membrane bag can quantitatively recapitulate this spectrum and predict both cell shape and speed. Our model provides a simple biochemical and biophysical basis for the observed morphology and behaviour of motile cells.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2877812/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2877812/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Keren, Kinneret -- Pincus, Zachary -- Allen, Greg M -- Barnhart, Erin L -- Marriott, Gerard -- Mogilner, Alex -- Theriot, Julie A -- U54 GM064346/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- U54 GM064346-099040/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- U54 GM64346/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 May 22;453(7194):475-80. doi: 10.1038/nature06952.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry, Technion- Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18497816" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Actin Cytoskeleton/chemistry/metabolism ; Actins/chemistry/metabolism ; Animals ; Biophysical Phenomena ; Biophysics ; Cell Membrane/chemistry/metabolism ; Cell Movement/*physiology ; Cell Shape/*physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; *Cichlids ; Epithelial Cells/*cytology ; Models, Biological ; Pseudopodia/metabolism ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 16
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    A role for VEGF as a negative regulator of pericyte function and vessel maturation (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-11-11
    Description: Angiogenesis does not only depend on endothelial cell invasion and proliferation: it also requires pericyte coverage of vascular sprouts for vessel stabilization. These processes are coordinated by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) through their cognate receptors on endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), respectively. PDGF induces neovascularization by priming VSMCs/pericytes to release pro-angiogenic mediators. Although VEGF directly stimulates endothelial cell proliferation and migration, its role in pericyte biology is less clear. Here we define a role for VEGF as an inhibitor of neovascularization on the basis of its capacity to disrupt VSMC function. Specifically, under conditions of PDGF-mediated angiogenesis, VEGF ablates pericyte coverage of nascent vascular sprouts, leading to vessel destabilization. At the molecular level, VEGF-mediated activation of VEGF-R2 suppresses PDGF-Rbeta signalling in VSMCs through the assembly of a previously undescribed receptor complex consisting of PDGF-Rbeta and VEGF-R2. Inhibition of VEGF-R2 not only prevents assembly of this receptor complex but also restores angiogenesis in tissues exposed to both VEGF and PDGF. Finally, genetic deletion of tumour cell VEGF disrupts PDGF-Rbeta/VEGF-R2 complex formation and increases tumour vessel maturation. These findings underscore the importance of VSMCs/pericytes in neovascularization and reveal a dichotomous role for VEGF and VEGF-R2 signalling as both a promoter of endothelial cell function and a negative regulator of VSMCs and vessel maturation.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2605188/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2605188/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Greenberg, Joshua I -- Shields, David J -- Barillas, Samuel G -- Acevedo, Lisette M -- Murphy, Eric -- Huang, Jianhua -- Scheppke, Lea -- Stockmann, Christian -- Johnson, Randall S -- Angle, Niren -- Cheresh, David A -- GM 68524/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P01 CA078045/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P01 CA078045-050004/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P01 CA078045-100004/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P01 CA078045-109001/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA095262/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA095262-06/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA118165/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL078912/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL078912-04/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R21 CA129660/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R21 CA129660-02/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R37 CA050286/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R37 CA050286-19/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R37 CA050286-20/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R37-CA082515/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R37-CA50286/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Dec 11;456(7223):809-13. doi: 10.1038/nature07424. Epub 2008 Nov 9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Moore's UCSD Cancer Center, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18997771" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Angiogenesis Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Animals ; Blood Vessels/*metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Fibrosarcoma/blood supply ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Nude ; Neovascularization, Physiologic/drug effects/*physiology ; Pericytes/drug effects/*metabolism ; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor beta/metabolism ; Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 17
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Pluripotent stem cells induced from adult neural stem cells by reprogramming with two factors (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-07-03
    Description: Reprogramming of somatic cells is a valuable tool to understand the mechanisms of regaining pluripotency and further opens up the possibility of generating patient-specific pluripotent stem cells. Reprogramming of mouse and human somatic cells into pluripotent stem cells, designated as induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, has been possible with the expression of the transcription factor quartet Oct4 (also known as Pou5f1), Sox2, c-Myc and Klf4 (refs 1-11). Considering that ectopic expression of c-Myc causes tumorigenicity in offspring and that retroviruses themselves can cause insertional mutagenesis, the generation of iPS cells with a minimal number of factors may hasten the clinical application of this approach. Here we show that adult mouse neural stem cells express higher endogenous levels of Sox2 and c-Myc than embryonic stem cells, and that exogenous Oct4 together with either Klf4 or c-Myc is sufficient to generate iPS cells from neural stem cells. These two-factor iPS cells are similar to embryonic stem cells at the molecular level, contribute to development of the germ line, and form chimaeras. We propose that, in inducing pluripotency, the number of reprogramming factors can be reduced when using somatic cells that endogenously express appropriate levels of complementing factors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kim, Jeong Beom -- Zaehres, Holm -- Wu, Guangming -- Gentile, Luca -- Ko, Kinarm -- Sebastiano, Vittorio -- Arauzo-Bravo, Marcos J -- Ruau, David -- Han, Dong Wook -- Zenke, Martin -- Scholer, Hans R -- England -- Nature. 2008 Jul 31;454(7204):646-50. doi: 10.1038/nature07061. Epub 2008 Jun 29.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Rontgenstrasse 20, 48149 Munster, NRW, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18594515" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult Stem Cells/*cytology/metabolism ; Animals ; Cell Differentiation/genetics ; Cells, Cultured ; *Cellular Reprogramming ; Chimera ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Female ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Genes, myc/genetics ; HMGB Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Homeodomain Proteins/genetics ; Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors/genetics/metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Mice, Transgenic ; Neurons/*cytology ; Octamer Transcription Factor-3/genetics/metabolism ; Pluripotent Stem Cells/*cytology/*metabolism ; Proteins/genetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc/metabolism ; RNA, Untranslated ; SOXB1 Transcription Factors ; Transcription Factors/genetics/metabolism ; Transduction, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 18
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Genome-scale DNA methylation maps of pluripotent and differentiated cells (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-07-05
    Description: DNA methylation is essential for normal development and has been implicated in many pathologies including cancer. Our knowledge about the genome-wide distribution of DNA methylation, how it changes during cellular differentiation and how it relates to histone methylation and other chromatin modifications in mammals remains limited. Here we report the generation and analysis of genome-scale DNA methylation profiles at nucleotide resolution in mammalian cells. Using high-throughput reduced representation bisulphite sequencing and single-molecule-based sequencing, we generated DNA methylation maps covering most CpG islands, and a representative sampling of conserved non-coding elements, transposons and other genomic features, for mouse embryonic stem cells, embryonic-stem-cell-derived and primary neural cells, and eight other primary tissues. Several key findings emerge from the data. First, DNA methylation patterns are better correlated with histone methylation patterns than with the underlying genome sequence context. Second, methylation of CpGs are dynamic epigenetic marks that undergo extensive changes during cellular differentiation, particularly in regulatory regions outside of core promoters. Third, analysis of embryonic-stem-cell-derived and primary cells reveals that 'weak' CpG islands associated with a specific set of developmentally regulated genes undergo aberrant hypermethylation during extended proliferation in vitro, in a pattern reminiscent of that reported in some primary tumours. More generally, the results establish reduced representation bisulphite sequencing as a powerful technology for epigenetic profiling of cell populations relevant to developmental biology, cancer and regenerative medicine.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2896277/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2896277/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Meissner, Alexander -- Mikkelsen, Tarjei S -- Gu, Hongcang -- Wernig, Marius -- Hanna, Jacob -- Sivachenko, Andrey -- Zhang, Xiaolan -- Bernstein, Bradley E -- Nusbaum, Chad -- Jaffe, David B -- Gnirke, Andreas -- Jaenisch, Rudolf -- Lander, Eric S -- R01 HG004401/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG004401-02/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG003067/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG003067-04/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG003067-06/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Aug 7;454(7205):766-70. doi: 10.1038/nature07107. Epub 2008 Jul 6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 9 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18600261" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Conserved Sequence ; CpG Islands/genetics ; *DNA Methylation ; Embryonic Stem Cells/cytology/metabolism ; Fibroblasts/cytology ; Genome/genetics ; *Genomics ; Histones/genetics/metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Neurons/cytology ; Pluripotent Stem Cells/*cytology/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 19
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Imaging of Rab5 activity identifies essential regulators for phagosome maturation (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-04-04
    Description: Efficient phagocytosis of apoptotic cells is crucial for tissue homeostasis and the immune response. Rab5 is known as a key regulator of the early endocytic pathway and we have recently shown that Rab5 is also implicated in apoptotic cell engulfment; however, the precise spatio-temporal dynamics of Rab5 activity remain unknown. Here, using a newly developed fluorescence resonance energy transfer biosensor, we describe a change in Rab5 activity during the engulfment of apoptotic thymocytes. Rab5 activity on phagosome membranes began to increase on disassembly of the actin coat encapsulating phagosomes. Rab5 activation was either continuous or repetitive for up to 10 min, but it ended before the collapse of engulfed apoptotic cells. Expression of a dominant-negative mutant of Rab5 delayed this collapse of apoptotic thymocytes, showing a role for Rab5 in phagosome maturation. Disruption of microtubules with nocodazole inhibited Rab5 activation on the phagosome membrane without perturbing the engulfment of apoptotic cells. Furthermore, we found that Gapex-5 is the guanine nucleotide exchange factor essential for Rab5 activation during the engulfment of apoptotic cells. Gapex-5 was bound to a microtubule-tip-associating protein, EB1, whose depletion inhibited Rab5 activation during phagocytosis. We therefore propose a mechanistic model in which the recruitment of Gapex-5 to phagosomes through the microtubule network induces the transient Rab5 activation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kitano, Masahiro -- Nakaya, Michio -- Nakamura, Takeshi -- Nagata, Shigekazu -- Matsuda, Michiyuki -- England -- Nature. 2008 May 8;453(7192):241-5. doi: 10.1038/nature06857. Epub 2008 Apr 2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Bioimaging and Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Yoshida Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18385674" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Actins/metabolism ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; Cells, Cultured ; Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer ; Genes, Dominant ; Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors/genetics/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins/metabolism ; Microtubules/drug effects ; Nocodazole/pharmacology ; Phagocytosis/drug effects ; Phagosomes/drug effects/*metabolism ; Swiss 3T3 Cells ; Thymus Gland/cytology/drug effects/metabolism ; rab5 GTP-Binding Proteins/genetics/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 20
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    IL-21 and TGF-beta are required for differentiation of human T(H)17 cells (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-05-13
    Description: The recent discovery of CD4(+) T cells characterized by secretion of interleukin (IL)-17 (T(H)17 cells) and the naturally occurring regulatory FOXP3(+) CD4 T cell (nT(reg)) has had a major impact on our understanding of immune processes not readily explained by the T(H)1/T(H)2 paradigm. T(H)17 and nT(reg) cells have been implicated in the pathogenesis of human autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease and psoriasis. Our recent data and the work of others demonstrated that transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) and IL-6 are responsible for the differentiation of naive mouse T cells into T(H)17 cells, and it has been proposed that IL-23 may have a critical role in stabilization of the T(H)17 phenotype. A second pathway has been discovered in which a combination of TGF-beta and IL-21 is capable of inducing differentiation of mouse T(H)17 cells in the absence of IL-6 (refs 6-8). However, TGF-beta and IL-6 are not capable of differentiating human T(H)17 cells and it has been suggested that TGF-beta may in fact suppress the generation of human T(H)17 cells. Instead, it has been recently shown that the cytokines IL-1beta, IL-6 and IL-23 are capable of driving IL-17 secretion in short-term CD4(+) T cell lines isolated from human peripheral blood, although the factors required for differentiation of naive human CD4 to T(H)17 cells are still unknown. Here we confirm that whereas IL-1beta and IL-6 induce IL-17A secretion from human central memory CD4(+) T cells, TGF-beta and IL-21 uniquely promote the differentiation of human naive CD4(+) T cells into T(H)17 cells accompanied by expression of the transcription factor RORC2. These data will allow the investigation of this new population of T(H)17 cells in human inflammatory disease.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2760130/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2760130/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yang, Li -- Anderson, David E -- Baecher-Allan, Clare -- Hastings, William D -- Bettelli, Estelle -- Oukka, Mohamed -- Kuchroo, Vijay K -- Hafler, David A -- P01 AI039671/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P01 AI039671-14/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P01 NS038037/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- P01 NS038037-080006/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI073542/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI073542-01/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI073542-02/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI073542-03/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R37 NS024247/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R37 NS024247-20/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- U19 AI070352/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U19 AI070352-03/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Jul 17;454(7202):350-2. doi: 10.1038/nature07021. Epub 2008 May 11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Molecular Immunology, Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18469800" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Cell Differentiation ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Interleukin-17/metabolism ; Interleukins/*metabolism ; Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3 ; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/*cytology/*metabolism ; Transcription Factors/genetics/metabolism ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 21
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    A skin microRNA promotes differentiation by repressing 'stemness' (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-03-04
    Description: In stratified epithelial tissues, homeostasis relies on the self-renewing capacity of stem cells located within the innermost basal layer. As basal cells become suprabasal, they lose proliferative potential and embark on a terminal differentiation programme. Here, we show that microRNA-203 is induced in the skin concomitantly with stratification and differentiation. By altering miR-203's spatiotemporal expression in vivo, we show that miR-203 promotes epidermal differentiation by restricting proliferative potential and inducing cell-cycle exit. We identify p63 as one of the conserved targets of miR-203 across vertebrates. Notably, p63 is an essential regulator of stem-cell maintenance in stratified epithelial tissues. We show that miR-203 directly represses the expression of p63: it fails to switch off suprabasally when either Dicer1 or miR-203 is absent and it becomes repressed basally when miR-203 is prematurely expressed. Our findings suggest that miR-203 defines a molecular boundary between proliferative basal progenitors and terminally differentiating suprabasal cells, ensuring proper identity of neighbouring layers.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4346711/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4346711/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yi, Rui -- Poy, Matthew N -- Stoffel, Markus -- Fuchs, Elaine -- R01 AR050452/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Mar 13;452(7184):225-9. doi: 10.1038/nature06642. Epub 2008 Mar 2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York City, New York 10065, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18311128" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 3' Untranslated Regions/genetics ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Cycle ; *Cell Differentiation ; Cell Proliferation ; Cells, Cultured ; Computational Biology ; Epidermis/cytology/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Keratinocytes/cytology/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; MicroRNAs/antagonists & inhibitors/genetics/*metabolism ; Skin/*cytology/*metabolism ; Stem Cells/*cytology ; Zebrafish/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 22
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    The ground state of embryonic stem cell self-renewal (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-05-24
    Description: In the three decades since pluripotent mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells were first described they have been derived and maintained by using various empirical combinations of feeder cells, conditioned media, cytokines, growth factors, hormones, fetal calf serum, and serum extracts. Consequently ES-cell self-renewal is generally considered to be dependent on multifactorial stimulation of dedicated transcriptional circuitries, pre-eminent among which is the activation of STAT3 by cytokines (ref. 8). Here we show, however, that extrinsic stimuli are dispensable for the derivation, propagation and pluripotency of ES cells. Self-renewal is enabled by the elimination of differentiation-inducing signalling from mitogen-activated protein kinase. Additional inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3 consolidates biosynthetic capacity and suppresses residual differentiation. Complete bypass of cytokine signalling is confirmed by isolating ES cells genetically devoid of STAT3. These findings reveal that ES cells have an innate programme for self-replication that does not require extrinsic instruction. This property may account for their latent tumorigenicity. The delineation of minimal requirements for self-renewal now provides a defined platform for the precise description and dissection of the pluripotent state.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ying, Qi-Long -- Wray, Jason -- Nichols, Jennifer -- Batlle-Morera, Laura -- Doble, Bradley -- Woodgett, James -- Cohen, Philip -- Smith, Austin -- 12043/Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada -- 12858/Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada -- G15381/2/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- G9806702/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- MC_U127084348/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- England -- Nature. 2008 May 22;453(7194):519-23. doi: 10.1038/nature06968.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Cell and Neurobiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1501 San Pablo Street, ZNI 529, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA. qying@keck.usc.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18497825" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Benzamides/pharmacology ; Cell Differentiation/drug effects ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Diphenylamine/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Embryonic Stem Cells/*cytology/drug effects/metabolism ; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; MAP Kinase Signaling System/drug effects ; Mice ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Pluripotent Stem Cells/cytology/drug effects/metabolism ; Pyridines/pharmacology ; Pyrimidines/pharmacology ; Regeneration/drug effects/*physiology ; STAT3 Transcription Factor/deficiency/genetics/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 23
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    MicroRNA-21 contributes to myocardial disease by stimulating MAP kinase signalling in fibroblasts (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-12-02
    Description: MicroRNAs comprise a broad class of small non-coding RNAs that control expression of complementary target messenger RNAs. Dysregulation of microRNAs by several mechanisms has been described in various disease states including cardiac disease. Whereas previous studies of cardiac disease have focused on microRNAs that are primarily expressed in cardiomyocytes, the role of microRNAs expressed in other cell types of the heart is unclear. Here we show that microRNA-21 (miR-21, also known as Mirn21) regulates the ERK-MAP kinase signalling pathway in cardiac fibroblasts, which has impacts on global cardiac structure and function. miR-21 levels are increased selectively in fibroblasts of the failing heart, augmenting ERK-MAP kinase activity through inhibition of sprouty homologue 1 (Spry1). This mechanism regulates fibroblast survival and growth factor secretion, apparently controlling the extent of interstitial fibrosis and cardiac hypertrophy. In vivo silencing of miR-21 by a specific antagomir in a mouse pressure-overload-induced disease model reduces cardiac ERK-MAP kinase activity, inhibits interstitial fibrosis and attenuates cardiac dysfunction. These findings reveal that microRNAs can contribute to myocardial disease by an effect in cardiac fibroblasts. Our results validate miR-21 as a disease target in heart failure and establish the therapeutic efficacy of microRNA therapeutic intervention in a cardiovascular disease setting.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Thum, Thomas -- Gross, Carina -- Fiedler, Jan -- Fischer, Thomas -- Kissler, Stephan -- Bussen, Markus -- Galuppo, Paolo -- Just, Steffen -- Rottbauer, Wolfgang -- Frantz, Stefan -- Castoldi, Mirco -- Soutschek, Jurgen -- Koteliansky, Victor -- Rosenwald, Andreas -- Basson, M Albert -- Licht, Jonathan D -- Pena, John T R -- Rouhanifard, Sara H -- Muckenthaler, Martina U -- Tuschl, Thomas -- Martin, Gail R -- Bauersachs, Johann -- Engelhardt, Stefan -- R01 CA059998/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA78711/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Dec 18;456(7224):980-4. doi: 10.1038/nature07511. Epub 2008 Nov 30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medicine I, Interdisziplinares Zentrum fur Klinische Forschung (IZKF), University of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19043405" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cardiomyopathies/*genetics/*metabolism/pathology/therapy ; Cell Line ; Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; Disease Models, Animal ; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/metabolism ; Fibroblasts/*metabolism ; Gene Silencing ; Humans ; *MAP Kinase Signaling System ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; MicroRNAs/*genetics ; Myocytes, Cardiac/cytology/metabolism ; Rats
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 24
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Self-renewal and expansion of single transplanted muscle stem cells (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-09-23
    Description: Adult muscle satellite cells have a principal role in postnatal skeletal muscle growth and regeneration. Satellite cells reside as quiescent cells underneath the basal lamina that surrounds muscle fibres and respond to damage by giving rise to transient amplifying cells (progenitors) and myoblasts that fuse with myofibres. Recent experiments showed that, in contrast to cultured myoblasts, satellite cells freshly isolated or satellite cells derived from the transplantation of one intact myofibre contribute robustly to muscle repair. However, because satellite cells are known to be heterogeneous, clonal analysis is required to demonstrate stem cell function. Here we show that when a single luciferase-expressing muscle stem cell is transplanted into the muscle of mice it is capable of extensive proliferation, contributes to muscle fibres, and Pax7(+)luciferase(+) mononucleated cells can be readily re-isolated, providing evidence of muscle stem cell self-renewal. In addition, we show using in vivo bioluminescence imaging that the dynamics of muscle stem cell behaviour during muscle repair can be followed in a manner not possible using traditional retrospective histological analyses. By imaging luciferase activity, real-time quantitative and kinetic analyses show that donor-derived muscle stem cells proliferate and engraft rapidly after injection until homeostasis is reached. On injury, donor-derived mononucleated cells generate massive waves of cell proliferation. Together, these results show that the progeny of a single luciferase-expressing muscle stem cell can both self-renew and differentiate after transplantation in mice, providing new evidence at the clonal level that self-renewal is an autonomous property of a single adult muscle stem cell.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2919355/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2919355/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sacco, Alessandra -- Doyonnas, Regis -- Kraft, Peggy -- Vitorovic, Stefan -- Blau, Helen M -- AG009521/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- AG024987/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG009521/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG009521-24/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG009521-25/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG020961/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG020961-06A2/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG020961-07/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG024987/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG024987-04/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG024987-05/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Nov 27;456(7221):502-6. doi: 10.1038/nature07384. Epub 2008 Sep 17.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Baxter Laboratory in Genetic Pharmacology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stem Cell Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305-5175, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18806774" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens, CD/metabolism ; Antigens, CD34/metabolism ; Cell Proliferation ; Cells, Cultured ; Homeostasis ; Integrin alpha Chains/metabolism ; Luminescent Measurements ; Mice ; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/cytology ; Muscles/*cytology ; *Regeneration ; Satellite Cells, Skeletal Muscle/*cytology ; *Stem Cell Transplantation ; Stem Cells/*cytology/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 25
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    53BP1 promotes non-homologous end joining of telomeres by increasing chromatin mobility (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-10-22
    Description: Double-strand breaks activate the ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase, which promotes the accumulation of DNA damage factors in the chromatin surrounding the break. The functional significance of the resulting DNA damage foci is poorly understood. Here we show that 53BP1 (also known as TRP53BP1), a component of DNA damage foci, changes the dynamic behaviour of chromatin to promote DNA repair. We used conditional deletion of the shelterin component TRF2 (also known as TERF2) from mouse cells (TRF2(fl/-)) to deprotect telomeres, which, like double-strand breaks, activate the ATM kinase, accumulate 53BP1 and are processed by non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). Deletion of TRF2 from 53BP1-deficient cells established that NHEJ of dysfunctional telomeres is strongly dependent on the binding of 53BP1 to damaged chromosome ends. To address the mechanism by which 53BP1 promotes NHEJ, we used time-lapse microscopy to measure telomere dynamics before and after their deprotection. Imaging showed that deprotected telomeres are more mobile and sample larger territories within the nucleus. This change in chromatin dynamics was dependent on 53BP1 and ATM but did not require a functional NHEJ pathway. We propose that the binding of 53BP1 near DNA breaks changes the dynamic behaviour of the local chromatin, thereby facilitating NHEJ repair reactions that involve distant sites, including joining of dysfunctional telomeres and AID (also known as AICDA)-induced breaks in immunoglobulin class-switch recombination.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2613650/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2613650/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dimitrova, Nadya -- Chen, Yi-Chun M -- Spector, David L -- de Lange, Titia -- DP1 OD000379/OD/NIH HHS/ -- DP1 OD000379-04/OD/NIH HHS/ -- EY18244/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- GM049046/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM42694/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- OD000379/OD/NIH HHS/ -- R37 GM049046/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R37 GM049046-16/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Nov 27;456(7221):524-8. doi: 10.1038/nature07433. Epub 2008 Oct 19.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18931659" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Chromatin/genetics/*metabolism ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone ; DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded ; *DNA Damage ; *DNA Repair ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; Humans ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Mice ; Movement ; Protein Binding ; Sequence Homology ; Signal Transduction ; Telomere/*genetics/*metabolism ; Telomeric Repeat Binding Protein 2/deficiency/genetics/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 26
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    TGF-beta-induced Foxp3 inhibits T(H)17 cell differentiation by antagonizing RORgammat function (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-03-28
    Description: T helper cells that produce IL-17 (T(H)17 cells) promote autoimmunity in mice and have been implicated in the pathogenesis of human inflammatory diseases. At mucosal surfaces, T(H)17 cells are thought to protect the host from infection, whereas regulatory T (T(reg)) cells control immune responses and inflammation triggered by the resident microflora. Differentiation of both cell types requires transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), but depends on distinct transcription factors: RORgammat (encoded by Rorc(gammat)) for T(H)17 cells and Foxp3 for T(reg) cells. How TGF-beta regulates the differentiation of T cells with opposing activities has been perplexing. Here we demonstrate that, together with pro-inflammatory cytokines, TGF-beta orchestrates T(H)17 cell differentiation in a concentration-dependent manner. At low concentrations, TGF-beta synergizes with interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-21 (refs 9-11) to promote IL-23 receptor (Il23r) expression, favouring T(H)17 cell differentiation. High concentrations of TGF-beta repress IL23r expression and favour Foxp3+ T(reg) cells. RORgammat and Foxp3 are co-expressed in naive CD4+ T cells exposed to TGF-beta and in a subset of T cells in the small intestinal lamina propria of the mouse. In vitro, TGF-beta-induced Foxp3 inhibits RORgammat function, at least in part through their interaction. Accordingly, lamina propria T cells that co-express both transcription factors produce less IL-17 (also known as IL-17a) than those that express RORgammat alone. IL-6, IL-21 and IL-23 relieve Foxp3-mediated inhibition of RORgammat, thereby promoting T(H)17 cell differentiation. Therefore, the decision of antigen-stimulated cells to differentiate into either T(H)17 or T(reg) cells depends on the cytokine-regulated balance of RORgammat and Foxp3.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2597437/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2597437/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zhou, Liang -- Lopes, Jared E -- Chong, Mark M W -- Ivanov, Ivaylo I -- Min, Roy -- Victora, Gabriel D -- Shen, Yuelei -- Du, Jianguang -- Rubtsov, Yuri P -- Rudensky, Alexander Y -- Ziegler, Steven F -- Littman, Dan R -- AI48779/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI048779/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI048779-05/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 May 8;453(7192):236-40. doi: 10.1038/nature06878. Epub 2008 Mar 26.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉The Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine of the Skirball Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18368049" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Differentiation/drug effects ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Forkhead Transcription Factors/genetics/*metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects ; Humans ; Interleukin-17/biosynthesis/genetics/*metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3 ; Receptors, Interleukin/genetics/metabolism ; Receptors, Retinoic Acid/*antagonists & inhibitors/genetics/metabolism ; Receptors, Thyroid Hormone/*antagonists & inhibitors/genetics/metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/*cytology/*drug effects/metabolism ; Transforming Growth Factor beta/*pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 27
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Conjugated action of two species-specific invasion proteins for fetoplacental listeriosis (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-09-23
    Description: The ability to cross host barriers is an essential virulence determinant of invasive microbial pathogens. Listeria monocytogenes is a model microorganism that crosses human intestinal and placental barriers, and causes severe maternofetal infections by an unknown mechanism. Several studies have helped to characterize the bacterial invasion proteins InlA and InlB. However, their respective species specificity has complicated investigations on their in vivo role. Here we describe two novel and complementary animal models for human listeriosis: the gerbil, a natural host for L. monocytogenes, and a knock-in mouse line ubiquitously expressing humanized E-cadherin. Using these two models, we uncover the essential and interdependent roles of InlA and InlB in fetoplacental listeriosis, and thereby decipher the molecular mechanism underlying the ability of a microbe to target and cross the placental barrier.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Disson, Olivier -- Grayo, Solene -- Huillet, Eugenie -- Nikitas, Georgios -- Langa-Vives, Francina -- Dussurget, Olivier -- Ragon, Marie -- Le Monnier, Alban -- Babinet, Charles -- Cossart, Pascale -- Lecuit, Marc -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Oct 23;455(7216):1114-8. doi: 10.1038/nature07303. Epub 2008 Sep 17.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institut Pasteur, Groupe Microorganismes et Barrieres de l'Hote, Unite des Interactions Bacteries-Cellules, F-75015 Paris, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18806773" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bacterial Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Cadherins/genetics ; Cells, Cultured ; Disease Models, Animal ; Enterocytes/microbiology ; Epithelial Cells/microbiology ; Female ; Fetal Diseases/*microbiology ; Gerbillinae ; Humans ; Listeria monocytogenes/*physiology ; Listeriosis/microbiology/*transmission ; *Maternal-Fetal Exchange ; Membrane Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Placenta Diseases/*microbiology ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/metabolism/microbiology ; Protein Binding ; Receptors, Growth Factor/metabolism ; Species Specificity
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 28
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Mouse development with a single E2F activator (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-07-03
    Description: The E2F family is conserved from Caenorhabditis elegans to mammals, with some family members having transcription activation functions and others having repressor functions. Whereas C. elegans and Drosophila melanogaster have a single E2F activator protein and repressor protein, mammals have at least three activator and five repressor proteins. Why such genetic complexity evolved in mammals is not known. To begin to evaluate this genetic complexity, we targeted the inactivation of the entire subset of activators, E2f1, E2f2, E2f3a and E2f3b, singly or in combination in mice. We demonstrate that E2f3a is sufficient to support mouse embryonic and postnatal development. Remarkably, expression of E2f3b or E2f1 from the E2f3a locus (E2f3a(3bki) or E2f3a(1ki), respectively) suppressed all the postnatal phenotypes associated with the inactivation of E2f3a. We conclude that there is significant functional redundancy among activators and that the specific requirement for E2f3a during postnatal development is dictated by regulatory sequences governing its selective spatiotemporal expression and not by its intrinsic protein functions. These findings provide a molecular basis for the observed specificity among E2F activators during development.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4288824/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4288824/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tsai, Shih-Yin -- Opavsky, Rene -- Sharma, Nidhi -- Wu, Lizhao -- Naidu, Shan -- Nolan, Eric -- Feria-Arias, Enrique -- Timmers, Cynthia -- Opavska, Jana -- de Bruin, Alain -- Chong, Jean-Leon -- Trikha, Prashant -- Fernandez, Soledad A -- Stromberg, Paul -- Rosol, Thomas J -- Leone, Gustavo -- K01CA102328/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P01CA097189/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA121275/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA121275-03/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01CA121275/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01CA85619/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01HD042619/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- R01HD047470/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- T32CA106196/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Aug 28;454(7208):1137-41. doi: 10.1038/nature07066. Epub 2008 Jun 25.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Genetics, College of Biological Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18594513" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; E2F Transcription Factors/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; E2F1 Transcription Factor/deficiency/genetics/metabolism ; E2F2 Transcription Factor/deficiency/genetics/metabolism ; E2F3 Transcription Factor/deficiency/genetics/metabolism ; Embryo Loss/genetics ; Embryo, Mammalian/embryology/metabolism ; *Embryonic Development/genetics ; Gene Deletion ; Genotype ; *Growth/genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Phenotype
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 29
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Identification of RPS14 as a 5q- syndrome gene by RNA interference screen (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-01-19
    Description: Somatic chromosomal deletions in cancer are thought to indicate the location of tumour suppressor genes, by which a complete loss of gene function occurs through biallelic deletion, point mutation or epigenetic silencing, thus fulfilling Knudson's two-hit hypothesis. In many recurrent deletions, however, such biallelic inactivation has not been found. One prominent example is the 5q- syndrome, a subtype of myelodysplastic syndrome characterized by a defect in erythroid differentiation. Here we describe an RNA-mediated interference (RNAi)-based approach to discovery of the 5q- disease gene. We found that partial loss of function of the ribosomal subunit protein RPS14 phenocopies the disease in normal haematopoietic progenitor cells, and also that forced expression of RPS14 rescues the disease phenotype in patient-derived bone marrow cells. In addition, we identified a block in the processing of pre-ribosomal RNA in RPS14-deficient cells that is functionally equivalent to the defect in Diamond-Blackfan anaemia, linking the molecular pathophysiology of the 5q- syndrome to a congenital syndrome causing bone marrow failure. These results indicate that the 5q- syndrome is caused by a defect in ribosomal protein function and suggest that RNAi screening is an effective strategy for identifying causal haploinsufficiency disease genes.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3771855/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3771855/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ebert, Benjamin L -- Pretz, Jennifer -- Bosco, Jocelyn -- Chang, Cindy Y -- Tamayo, Pablo -- Galili, Naomi -- Raza, Azra -- Root, David E -- Attar, Eyal -- Ellis, Steven R -- Golub, Todd R -- R01 HL082945/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- T32 CA009172/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Jan 17;451(7176):335-9. doi: 10.1038/nature06494.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18202658" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anemia, Diamond-Blackfan/genetics/physiopathology ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5/*genetics ; Erythroid Cells/cytology/metabolism ; Genetic Linkage/*genetics ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease/*genetics ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/metabolism ; Humans ; Phenotype ; *RNA Interference ; RNA Precursors/genetics/metabolism ; RNA, Ribosomal/genetics/metabolism ; RNA, Ribosomal, 18S/genetics ; Ribosomal Proteins/deficiency/*genetics/metabolism ; Ribosomes/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Syndrome
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 30
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    The ectodomain of Toll-like receptor 9 is cleaved to generate a functional receptor (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-09-30
    Description: Mammalian Toll-like receptors (TLRs) 3, 7, 8 and 9 initiate immune responses to infection by recognizing microbial nucleic acids; however, these responses come at the cost of potential autoimmunity owing to inappropriate recognition of self nucleic acids. The localization of TLR9 and TLR7 to intracellular compartments seems to have a role in facilitating responses to viral nucleic acids while maintaining tolerance to self nucleic acids, yet the cell biology regulating the transport and localization of these receptors remains poorly understood. Here we define the route by which TLR9 and TLR7 exit the endoplasmic reticulum and travel to endolysosomes in mouse macrophages and dendritic cells. The ectodomains of TLR9 and TLR7 are cleaved in the endolysosome, such that no full-length protein is detectable in the compartment where ligand is recognized. Notably, although both the full-length and cleaved forms of TLR9 are capable of binding ligand, only the processed form recruits MyD88 on activation, indicating that this truncated receptor, rather than the full-length form, is functional. Furthermore, conditions that prevent receptor proteolysis, including forced TLR9 surface localization, render the receptor non-functional. We propose that ectodomain cleavage represents a strategy to restrict receptor activation to endolysosomal compartments and prevent TLRs from responding to self nucleic acids.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2596276/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2596276/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ewald, Sarah E -- Lee, Bettina L -- Lau, Laura -- Wickliffe, Katherine E -- Shi, Guo-Ping -- Chapman, Harold A -- Barton, Gregory M -- AI072429/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- CA009179/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- HL67204/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI072429/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI072429-01A2/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Dec 4;456(7222):658-62. doi: 10.1038/nature07405. Epub 2008 Sep 28.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Immunology & Pathogenesis, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, 405 Life Sciences Addition, Berkeley, California 94720-3200, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18820679" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Dendritic Cells/cytology/metabolism ; Endoplasmic Reticulum/metabolism ; Female ; Golgi Apparatus/metabolism ; Ligands ; Lysosomes/metabolism ; Macrophages/cytology/metabolism ; Male ; Membrane Glycoproteins/chemistry/metabolism ; Membrane Transport Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Mice ; Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88/metabolism ; Phagosomes/metabolism ; *Protein Processing, Post-Translational ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Protein Transport ; Toll-Like Receptor 7/chemistry/metabolism ; Toll-Like Receptor 9/*chemistry/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 31
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Nuclear receptor corepressor and histone deacetylase 3 govern circadian metabolic physiology (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-11-28
    Description: Rhythmic changes in histone acetylation at circadian clock genes suggest that temporal modulation of gene expression is regulated by chromatin modifications. Furthermore, recent studies demonstrate a critical relationship between circadian and metabolic physiology. The nuclear receptor corepressor 1 (Ncor1) functions as an activating subunit for the chromatin modifying enzyme histone deacetylase 3 (Hdac3). Lack of Ncor1 is incompatible with life, and hence it is unknown whether Ncor1, and particularly its regulation of Hdac3, is critical for adult mammalian physiology. Here we show that specific, genetic disruption of the Ncor1-Hdac3 interaction in mice causes aberrant regulation of clock genes and results in abnormal circadian behaviour. These mice are also leaner and more insulin-sensitive owing to increased energy expenditure. Unexpectedly, loss of a functional Ncor1-Hdac3 complex in vivo does not lead to sustained increases in known catabolic genes, but instead significantly alters the oscillatory patterns of several metabolic genes, demonstrating that circadian regulation of metabolism is critical for normal energy balance. These findings indicate that activation of Hdac3 by Ncor1 is a nodal point in the epigenetic regulation of circadian and metabolic physiology.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2742159/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2742159/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Alenghat, Theresa -- Meyers, Katherine -- Mullican, Shannon E -- Leitner, Kirstin -- Adeniji-Adele, Adetoun -- Avila, Jacqueline -- Bucan, Maja -- Ahima, Rexford S -- Kaestner, Klaus H -- Lazar, Mitchell A -- DK19525/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK43806/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK49210/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK50306/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R37 DK043806/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R37 DK043806-15/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R37 DK043806-16/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R37 DK043806-17/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Dec 18;456(7224):997-1000. doi: 10.1038/nature07541. Epub 2008 Nov 26.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19037247" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: ARNTL Transcription Factors ; Amino Acid Substitution ; Animals ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/genetics ; Biological Clocks/genetics/physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Circadian Rhythm/genetics/*physiology ; Diet ; Energy Metabolism/genetics/physiology ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Histone Deacetylases/genetics/*metabolism ; Liver/enzymology/metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Nuclear Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Nuclear Receptor Co-Repressor 1 ; Obesity/enzymology/genetics/metabolism ; Repressor Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 32
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    The aryl hydrocarbon receptor links TH17-cell-mediated autoimmunity to environmental toxins (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-03-26
    Description: The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-dependent transcription factor best known for mediating the toxicity of dioxin. Environmental factors are believed to contribute to the increased prevalence of autoimmune diseases, many of which are due to the activity of T(H)17 T cells, a new helper T-cell subset characterized by the production of the cytokine IL-17. Here we show that in the CD4+ T-cell lineage of mice AHR expression is restricted to the T(H)17 cell subset and its ligation results in the production of the T(H)17 cytokine interleukin (IL)-22. AHR is also expressed in human T(H)17 cells. Activation of AHR by a high-affinity ligand during T(H)17 cell development markedly increases the proportion of T(H)17 T cells and their production of cytokines. CD4+ T cells from AHR-deficient mice can develop T(H)17 cell responses, but when confronted with AHR ligand fail to produce IL-22 and do not show enhanced T(H)17 cell development. AHR activation during induction of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis causes accelerated onset and increased pathology in wild-type mice, but not AHR-deficient mice. AHR ligands may therefore represent co-factors in the development of autoimmune diseases.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Veldhoen, Marc -- Hirota, Keiji -- Westendorf, Astrid M -- Buer, Jan -- Dumoutier, Laure -- Renauld, Jean-Christophe -- Stockinger, Brigitta -- MC_U117512792/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- England -- Nature. 2008 May 1;453(7191):106-9. doi: 10.1038/nature06881. Epub 2008 Mar 23.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Molecular Immunology, MRC National Institute for Medical Research, The Ridgeway, Mill Hill, London NW71AA, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18362914" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Autoimmunity/*immunology ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/chemically induced/immunology ; *Environmental Exposure ; Environmental Pollutants/*immunology/toxicity ; Hazardous Substances/immunology ; Humans ; Interleukin-17/*metabolism ; Interleukins/biosynthesis ; Ligands ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/cytology/*immunology/*metabolism ; Transduction, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 33
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    HIF-independent regulation of VEGF and angiogenesis by the transcriptional coactivator PGC-1alpha (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-02-22
    Description: Ischaemia of the heart, brain and limbs is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Hypoxia stimulates the secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and other angiogenic factors, leading to neovascularization and protection against ischaemic injury. Here we show that the transcriptional coactivator PGC-1alpha (peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1alpha), a potent metabolic sensor and regulator, is induced by a lack of nutrients and oxygen, and PGC-1alpha powerfully regulates VEGF expression and angiogenesis in cultured muscle cells and skeletal muscle in vivo. PGC-1alpha-/- mice show a striking failure to reconstitute blood flow in a normal manner to the limb after an ischaemic insult, whereas transgenic expression of PGC-1alpha in skeletal muscle is protective. Surprisingly, the induction of VEGF by PGC-1alpha does not involve the canonical hypoxia response pathway and hypoxia inducible factor (HIF). Instead, PGC-1alpha coactivates the orphan nuclear receptor ERR-alpha (oestrogen-related receptor-alpha) on conserved binding sites found in the promoter and in a cluster within the first intron of the VEGF gene. Thus, PGC-1alpha and ERR-alpha, major regulators of mitochondrial function in response to exercise and other stimuli, also control a novel angiogenic pathway that delivers needed oxygen and substrates. PGC-1alpha may provide a novel therapeutic target for treating ischaemic diseases.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Arany, Zoltan -- Foo, Shi-Yin -- Ma, Yanhong -- Ruas, Jorge L -- Bommi-Reddy, Archana -- Girnun, Geoffrey -- Cooper, Marcus -- Laznik, Dina -- Chinsomboon, Jessica -- Rangwala, Shamina M -- Baek, Kwan Hyuck -- Rosenzweig, Anthony -- Spiegelman, Bruce M -- P30 DK040561/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P30 DK040561-12/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK054477/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Feb 21;451(7181):1008-12. doi: 10.1038/nature06613.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. zarany1@partners.org〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18288196" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Hypoxia ; Cells, Cultured ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1/metabolism ; Ischemia/*metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism ; *Neovascularization, Physiologic ; Oxygen/metabolism ; Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism ; Trans-Activators/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Transcription Factors ; Transgenes/genetics ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 34
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Activity-dependent regulation of inhibitory synapse development by Npas4 (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-09-26
    Description: Neuronal activity regulates the development and maturation of excitatory and inhibitory synapses in the mammalian brain. Several recent studies have identified signalling networks within neurons that control excitatory synapse development. However, less is known about the molecular mechanisms that regulate the activity-dependent development of GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid)-releasing inhibitory synapses. Here we report the identification of a transcription factor, Npas4, that plays a role in the development of inhibitory synapses by regulating the expression of activity-dependent genes, which in turn control the number of GABA-releasing synapses that form on excitatory neurons. These findings demonstrate that the activity-dependent gene program regulates inhibitory synapse development, and suggest a new role for this program in controlling the homeostatic balance between synaptic excitation and inhibition.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2637532/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2637532/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lin, Yingxi -- Bloodgood, Brenda L -- Hauser, Jessica L -- Lapan, Ariya D -- Koon, Alex C -- Kim, Tae-Kyung -- Hu, Linda S -- Malik, Athar N -- Greenberg, Michael E -- HD18655/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- NS27572/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS48276/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- P01 NS047572/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- P01 NS047572-01A10001/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- P01 NS047572-020001/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- P01 NS047572-030001/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- P01 NS047572-040001/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- P01 NS047572-050001/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH091220/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS048276/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS048276-01/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS048276-02/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS048276-03/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS048276-04/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS048276-05/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM007753/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Oct 30;455(7217):1198-204. doi: 10.1038/nature07319. Epub 2008 Sep 24.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉F. M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Children's Hospital and Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18815592" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/genetics/*metabolism ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Electrophysiology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Hippocampus/cytology ; Mice ; Neurons/metabolism ; Rats ; Synapses/*metabolism ; Transcription Factors/genetics/*metabolism ; Transfection ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 35
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Reprogramming of human somatic cells to pluripotency with defined factors (2007)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007
    Description: Pluripotency pertains to the cells of early embryos that can generate all of the tissues in the organism. Embryonic stem cells are embryo-derived cell lines that retain pluripotency and represent invaluable tools for research into the mechanisms of tissue formation. Recently, murine fibroblasts have been reprogrammed directly to pluripotency by ectopic expression of four transcription factors (Oct4, Sox2, Klf4 and Myc) to yield induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. Using these same factors, we have derived iPS cells from fetal, neonatal and adult human primary cells, including dermal fibroblasts isolated from a skin biopsy of a healthy research subject. Human iPS cells resemble embryonic stem cells in morphology and gene expression and in the capacity to form teratomas in immune-deficient mice. These data demonstrate that defined factors can reprogramme human cells to pluripotency, and establish a method whereby patient-specific cells might be established in culture.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Park, In-Hyun -- Zhao, Rui -- West, Jason A -- Yabuuchi, Akiko -- Huo, Hongguang -- Ince, Tan A -- Lerou, Paul H -- Lensch, M William -- Daley, George Q -- England -- Nature. 2008 Jan 10;451(7175):141-6. Epub 2007 Dec 23.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital Boston and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18157115" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Shape ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA Methylation ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics ; Embryonic Stem Cells/cytology/metabolism ; Fetus/cytology ; Fibroblasts/cytology ; Gene Expression Profiling ; HMGB Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Homeodomain Proteins/genetics ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors/genetics/*metabolism ; Mice ; Octamer Transcription Factor-3/genetics/*metabolism ; Pluripotent Stem Cells/*cytology/*metabolism/transplantation ; Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc/genetics/*metabolism ; SOXB1 Transcription Factors ; Teratoma/pathology ; Transcription Factors/genetics/*metabolism ; Transplantation, Heterologous
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 36
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    ATP drives lamina propria T(H)17 cell differentiation (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-08-22
    Description: Interleukin (IL)-17-producing CD4(+) T lymphocytes (T(H)17 cells) constitute a subset of T-helper cells involved in host defence and several immune disorders. An intriguing feature of T(H)17 cells is their selective and constitutive presence in the intestinal lamina propria. Here we show that adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) that can be derived from commensal bacteria activates a unique subset of lamina propria cells, CD70(high)CD11c(low) cells, leading to the differentiation of T(H)17 cells. Germ-free mice exhibit much lower concentrations of luminal ATP, accompanied by fewer lamina propria T(H)17 cells, compared to specific-pathogen-free mice. Systemic or rectal administration of ATP into these germ-free mice results in a marked increase in the number of lamina propria T(H)17 cells. A CD70(high)CD11c(low) subset of the lamina propria cells expresses T(H)17-prone molecules, such as IL-6, IL-23p19 and transforming-growth-factor-beta-activating integrin-alphaV and -beta8, in response to ATP stimulation, and preferentially induces T(H)17 differentiation of co-cultured naive CD4(+) T cells. The critical role of ATP is further underscored by the observation that administration of ATP exacerbates a T-cell-mediated colitis model with enhanced T(H)17 differentiation. These observations highlight the importance of commensal bacteria and ATP for T(H)17 differentiation in health and disease, and offer an explanation of why T(H)17 cells specifically present in the intestinal lamina propria.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Atarashi, Koji -- Nishimura, Junichi -- Shima, Tatsuichiro -- Umesaki, Yoshinori -- Yamamoto, Masahiro -- Onoue, Masaharu -- Yagita, Hideo -- Ishii, Naoto -- Evans, Richard -- Honda, Kenya -- Takeda, Kiyoshi -- England -- Nature. 2008 Oct 9;455(7214):808-12. doi: 10.1038/nature07240. Epub 2008 Aug 20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18716618" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Animals ; Antigens, CD11c/metabolism ; Antigens, CD70/metabolism ; Cell Differentiation/*drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Colitis/chemically induced/immunology/pathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Feces/microbiology ; Female ; Germ-Free Life ; Immunoglobulin A/analysis/immunology ; Interleukin-17/genetics/immunology/metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mucous Membrane/*cytology/*drug effects/immunology/microbiology ; Receptors, Purinergic P2/metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/*cytology/*drug effects/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 37
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Sox18 induces development of the lymphatic vasculature in mice (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-10-22
    Description: The lymphatic system plays a key role in tissue fluid regulation and tumour metastasis, and lymphatic defects underlie many pathological states including lymphoedema, lymphangiectasia, lymphangioma and lymphatic dysplasia. However, the origins of the lymphatic system in the embryo, and the mechanisms that direct growth of the network of lymphatic vessels, remain unclear. Lymphatic vessels are thought to arise from endothelial precursor cells budding from the cardinal vein under the influence of the lymphatic hallmark gene Prox1 (prospero homeobox 1; ref. 4). Defects in the transcription factor gene SOX18 (SRY (sex determining region Y) box 18) cause lymphatic dysfunction in the human syndrome hypotrichosis-lymphoedema-telangiectasia, suggesting that Sox18 may also play a role in lymphatic development or function. Here we use molecular, cellular and genetic assays in mice to show that Sox18 acts as a molecular switch to induce differentiation of lymphatic endothelial cells. Sox18 is expressed in a subset of cardinal vein cells that later co-express Prox1 and migrate to form lymphatic vessels. Sox18 directly activates Prox1 transcription by binding to its proximal promoter. Overexpression of Sox18 in blood vascular endothelial cells induces them to express Prox1 and other lymphatic endothelial markers, while Sox18-null embryos show a complete blockade of lymphatic endothelial cell differentiation from the cardinal vein. Our findings demonstrate a critical role for Sox18 in developmental lymphangiogenesis, and suggest new avenues to investigate for therapeutic management of human lymphangiopathies.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Francois, Mathias -- Caprini, Andrea -- Hosking, Brett -- Orsenigo, Fabrizio -- Wilhelm, Dagmar -- Browne, Catherine -- Paavonen, Karri -- Karnezis, Tara -- Shayan, Ramin -- Downes, Meredith -- Davidson, Tara -- Tutt, Desmond -- Cheah, Kathryn S E -- Stacker, Steven A -- Muscat, George E O -- Achen, Marc G -- Dejana, Elisabetta -- Koopman, Peter -- England -- Nature. 2008 Dec 4;456(7222):643-7. doi: 10.1038/nature07391. Epub 2008 Oct 19.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18931657" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biomarkers/analysis ; *Cell Differentiation ; Cell Movement ; Cells, Cultured ; Edema/genetics ; Endothelial Cells/cytology/metabolism ; Ephrin-B2/genetics ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Homeodomain Proteins/genetics ; Hypotrichosis/genetics ; Lymphangiogenesis ; Lymphatic Vessels/*cytology/*embryology/metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Inbred CBA ; Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics ; SOXF Transcription Factors/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Telangiectasis/genetics ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins/genetics ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-3/genetics ; Veins/cytology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 38
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Structural mechanism of WASP activation by the enterohaemorrhagic E. coli effector EspF(U) (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-07-25
    Description: During infection, enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) takes over the actin cytoskeleton of eukaryotic cells by injecting the EspF(U) protein into the host cytoplasm. EspF(U) controls actin by activating members of the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP) family. Here we show that EspF(U) binds to the autoinhibitory GTPase binding domain (GBD) in WASP proteins and displaces it from the activity-bearing VCA domain (for verprolin homology, central hydrophobic and acidic regions). This interaction potently activates WASP and neural (N)-WASP in vitro and induces localized actin assembly in cells. In the solution structure of the GBD-EspF(U) complex, EspF(U) forms an amphipathic helix that binds the GBD, mimicking interactions of the VCA domain in autoinhibited WASP. Thus, EspF(U) activates WASP by competing directly for the VCA binding site on the GBD. This mechanism is distinct from that used by the eukaryotic activators Cdc42 and SH2 domains, which globally destabilize the GBD fold to release the VCA. Such diversity of mechanism in WASP proteins is distinct from other multimodular systems, and may result from the intrinsically unstructured nature of the isolated GBD and VCA elements. The structural incompatibility of the GBD complexes with EspF(U) and Cdc42/SH2, plus high-affinity EspF(U) binding, enable EHEC to hijack the eukaryotic cytoskeletal machinery effectively.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2719906/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2719906/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cheng, Hui-Chun -- Skehan, Brian M -- Campellone, Kenneth G -- Leong, John M -- Rosen, Michael K -- R01 AI046454/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI046454-09/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM056322/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM056322-12A1/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01-AI46454/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01-GM56322/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Aug 21;454(7207):1009-13. doi: 10.1038/nature07160. Epub 2008 Jul 23.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18650809" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Actins/metabolism ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Carrier Proteins/chemistry/*metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Escherichia coli Proteins/chemistry/*metabolism ; Fibroblasts/cytology ; Mice ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein/chemistry/*metabolism ; Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein, Neuronal/chemistry/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 39
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Adult T-cell progenitors retain myeloid potential (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-04-11
    Description: During haematopoiesis, pluripotent haematopoietic stem cells are sequentially restricted to give rise to a variety of lineage-committed progenitors. The classical model of haematopoiesis postulates that, in the first step of differentiation, the stem cell generates common myelo-erythroid progenitors and common lymphoid progenitors (CLPs). However, our previous studies in fetal mice showed that myeloid potential persists even as the lineage branches segregate towards T and B cells. We therefore proposed the 'myeloid-based' model of haematopoiesis, in which the stem cell initially generates common myelo-erythroid progenitors and common myelo-lymphoid progenitors. T-cell and B-cell progenitors subsequently arise from common myelo-lymphoid progenitors through myeloid-T and myeloid-B stages, respectively. However, it has been unclear whether this myeloid-based model is also valid for adult haematopoiesis. Here we provide clonal evidence that the early cell populations in the adult thymus contain progenitors that have lost the potential to generate B cells but retain substantial macrophage potential as well as T-cell, natural killer (NK)-cell and dendritic-cell potential. We also show that such T-cell progenitors can give rise to macrophages in the thymic environment in vivo. Our findings argue against the classical dichotomy model in which T cells are derived from CLPs; instead, they support the validity of the myeloid-based model for both adult and fetal haematopoiesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wada, Haruka -- Masuda, Kyoko -- Satoh, Rumi -- Kakugawa, Kiyokazu -- Ikawa, Tomokatsu -- Katsura, Yoshimoto -- Kawamoto, Hiroshi -- England -- Nature. 2008 Apr 10;452(7188):768-72. doi: 10.1038/nature06839.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory for Lymphocyte Development, RIKEN Research Center for Allergy and Immunology, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18401412" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging/*physiology ; Animals ; B-Lymphocytes/cytology ; *Cell Lineage ; Cells, Cultured ; Coculture Techniques ; Dendritic Cells/cytology ; Fetus ; *Hematopoiesis ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/*cytology/metabolism ; Killer Cells, Natural/cytology ; Macrophages/cytology/metabolism ; Mice ; Models, Biological ; Myeloid Cells/*cytology/metabolism ; Stromal Cells/cytology ; T-Lymphocytes/*cytology/metabolism ; Thymus Gland/cytology/embryology/transplantation
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 40
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Linking the p53 tumour suppressor pathway to somatic cell reprogramming (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-08-12
    Description: Reprogramming somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells has been accomplished by expressing pluripotency factors and oncogenes, but the low frequency and tendency to induce malignant transformation compromise the clinical utility of this powerful approach. We address both issues by investigating the mechanisms limiting reprogramming efficiency in somatic cells. Here we show that reprogramming factors can activate the p53 (also known as Trp53 in mice, TP53 in humans) pathway. Reducing signalling to p53 by expressing a mutated version of one of its negative regulators, by deleting or knocking down p53 or its target gene, p21 (also known as Cdkn1a), or by antagonizing reprogramming-induced apoptosis in mouse fibroblasts increases reprogramming efficiency. Notably, decreasing p53 protein levels enabled fibroblasts to give rise to iPS cells capable of generating germline-transmitting chimaeric mice using only Oct4 (also known as Pou5f1) and Sox2. Furthermore, silencing of p53 significantly increased the reprogramming efficiency of human somatic cells. These results provide insights into reprogramming mechanisms and suggest new routes to more efficient reprogramming while minimizing the use of oncogenes.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2735889/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2735889/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kawamura, Teruhisa -- Suzuki, Jotaro -- Wang, Yunyuan V -- Menendez, Sergio -- Morera, Laura Batlle -- Raya, Angel -- Wahl, Geoffrey M -- Izpisua Belmonte, Juan Carlos -- 5 R01 CA061449/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- 5 R01 CA100845/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA061449/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA061449-30/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA100845/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA100845-05/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R33 HL088293/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R33 HL088293-03/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Aug 27;460(7259):1140-4. doi: 10.1038/nature08311. Epub 2009 Aug 9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19668186" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Cellular Reprogramming/*physiology ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21/deficiency/genetics/metabolism ; Down-Regulation ; Embryo, Mammalian/cytology ; Female ; Fibroblasts/cytology/metabolism ; Humans ; Keratinocytes ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Pluripotent Stem Cells/*cytology/*metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 41
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Long-range oncogenic activation of Igh-c-myc translocations by the Igh 3' regulatory region (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-12-17
    Description: B-cell malignancies, such as human Burkitt's lymphoma, often contain translocations that link c-myc or other proto-oncogenes to the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus (IgH, encoded by Igh). The nature of elements that activate oncogenes within such translocations has been a long-standing question. Translocations within Igh involve DNA double-strand breaks initiated either by the RAG1/2 endonuclease during variable, diversity and joining gene segment (V(D)J) recombination, or by activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID, also known as AICDA) during class switch recombination (CSR). V(D)J recombination in progenitor B (pro-B) cells assembles Igh variable region exons upstream of mu constant region (Cmu) exons, which are the first of several sets of C(H) exons ('C(H) genes') within a C(H) locus that span several hundred kilobases (kb). In mature B cells, CSR deletes Cmu and replaces it with a downstream C(H) gene. An intronic enhancer (iEmu) between the variable region exons and Cmu promotes V(D)J recombination in developing B cells. Furthermore, the Igh 3' regulatory region (Igh3'RR) lies downstream of the C(H) locus and modulates CSR by long-range transcriptional enhancement of C(H) genes. Transgenic mice bearing iEmu or Igh3'RR sequences fused to c-myc are predisposed to B lymphomas, demonstrating that such elements can confer oncogenic c-myc expression. However, in many B-cell lymphomas, Igh-c-myc translocations delete iEmu and place c-myc up to 200 kb upstream of the Igh3'RR. Here we address the oncogenic role of the Igh3'RR by inactivating it in two distinct mouse models for B-cell lymphoma with Igh-c-myc translocations. We show that the Igh3'RR is dispensable for pro-B-cell lymphomas with V(D)J recombination-initiated translocations, but is required for peripheral B-cell lymphomas with CSR-associated translocations. As the Igh3'RR is not required for CSR-associated Igh breaks or Igh-c-myc translocations in peripheral B-cell lymphoma progenitors, we conclude that this regulatory region confers oncogenic activity by long-range and developmental stage-specific activation of translocated c-myc genes.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2802177/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2802177/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gostissa, Monica -- Yan, Catherine T -- Bianco, Julia M -- Cogne, Michel -- Pinaud, Eric -- Alt, Frederick W -- CA92625/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Dec 10;462(7274):803-7. doi: 10.1038/nature08633.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20010689" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 3' Untranslated Regions/*genetics ; Alleles ; Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Chromosome Breakpoints ; Gene Rearrangement, B-Lymphocyte/*genetics ; Genes, Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain/*genetics ; Genes, myc/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin Class Switching/genetics ; Lymphoma, B-Cell/*genetics/pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid/*genetics ; Translocation, Genetic/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 42
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    CCR3 is a target for age-related macular degeneration diagnosis and therapy (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-06-16
    Description: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a leading cause of blindness worldwide, is as prevalent as cancer in industrialized nations. Most blindness in AMD results from invasion of the retina by choroidal neovascularisation (CNV). Here we show that the eosinophil/mast cell chemokine receptor CCR3 is specifically expressed in choroidal neovascular endothelial cells in humans with AMD, and that despite the expression of its ligands eotaxin-1, -2 and -3, neither eosinophils nor mast cells are present in human CNV. Genetic or pharmacological targeting of CCR3 or eotaxins inhibited injury-induced CNV in mice. CNV suppression by CCR3 blockade was due to direct inhibition of endothelial cell proliferation, and was uncoupled from inflammation because it occurred in mice lacking eosinophils or mast cells, and was independent of macrophage and neutrophil recruitment. CCR3 blockade was more effective at reducing CNV than vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) neutralization, which is in clinical use at present, and, unlike VEGF-A blockade, is not toxic to the mouse retina. In vivo imaging with CCR3-targeting quantum dots located spontaneous CNV invisible to standard fluorescein angiography in mice before retinal invasion. CCR3 targeting might reduce vision loss due to AMD through early detection and therapeutic angioinhibition.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2712122/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2712122/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Takeda, Atsunobu -- Baffi, Judit Z -- Kleinman, Mark E -- Cho, Won Gil -- Nozaki, Miho -- Yamada, Kiyoshi -- Kaneko, Hiroki -- Albuquerque, Romulo J C -- Dridi, Sami -- Saito, Kuniharu -- Raisler, Brian J -- Budd, Steven J -- Geisen, Pete -- Munitz, Ariel -- Ambati, Balamurali K -- Green, Martha G -- Ishibashi, Tatsuro -- Wright, John D -- Humbles, Alison A -- Gerard, Craig J -- Ogura, Yuichiro -- Pan, Yuzhen -- Smith, Justine R -- Grisanti, Salvatore -- Hartnett, M Elizabeth -- Rothenberg, Marc E -- Ambati, Jayakrishna -- AI039759/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI45898/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- DK076893/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- EY010572/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- EY015130/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- EY015422/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- EY017011/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- EY017182/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- EY017950/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- EY018350/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- EY018836/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK076893/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 EY015422/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01 EY015422-04/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01 EY018350/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01 EY018350-02/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01 EY018836/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01 EY018836-02/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jul 9;460(7252):225-30. doi: 10.1038/nature08151. Epub 2009 Jun 14.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19525930" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Movement ; Cell Proliferation ; Cells, Cultured ; Chemokine CCL11/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Chemokine CCL24/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Chemokines, CC/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Choroid/blood supply/cytology/metabolism ; Choroidal Neovascularization/diagnosis/metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Endothelial Cells/cytology/metabolism ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Leukocytes ; Ligands ; Macular Degeneration/*diagnosis/metabolism/*therapy ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Quantum Dots ; Receptors, CCR3/analysis/*antagonists & ; inhibitors/genetics/immunology/*metabolism ; Retina/drug effects/pathology ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/antagonists & inhibitors/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 43
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Role of Jhdm2a in regulating metabolic gene expression and obesity resistance (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-02-06
    Description: Recent studies indicate that the methylation state of histones can be dynamically regulated by histone methyltransferases and demethylases. The H3K9-specific demethylase Jhdm2a (also known as Jmjd1a and Kdm3a) has an important role in nuclear hormone receptor-mediated gene activation and male germ cell development. Through disruption of the Jhdm2a gene in mice, here we demonstrate that Jhdm2a is critically important in regulating the expression of metabolic genes. The loss of Jhdm2a function results in obesity and hyperlipidemia in mice. We provide evidence that the loss of Jhdm2a function disrupts beta-adrenergic-stimulated glycerol release and oxygen consumption in brown fat, and decreases fat oxidation and glycerol release in skeletal muscles. We show that Jhdm2a expression is induced by beta-adrenergic stimulation, and that Jhdm2a directly regulates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (Ppara) and Ucp1 expression. Furthermore, we demonstrate that beta-adrenergic activation-induced binding of Jhdm2a to the PPAR responsive element (PPRE) of the Ucp1 gene not only decreases levels of H3K9me2 (dimethylation of lysine 9 of histone H3) at the PPRE, but also facilitates the recruitment of Ppargamma and Rxralpha and their co-activators Pgc1alpha (also known as Ppargc1a), CBP/p300 (Crebbp) and Src1 (Ncoa1) to the PPRE. Our studies thus demonstrate an essential role for Jhdm2a in regulating metabolic gene expression and normal weight control in mice.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4085783/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4085783/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tateishi, Keisuke -- Okada, Yuki -- Kallin, Eric M -- Zhang, Yi -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Apr 9;458(7239):757-61. doi: 10.1038/nature07777. Epub 2009 Feb 4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7295, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19194461" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adipose Tissue, Brown/metabolism ; Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Energy Metabolism/*physiology ; Gene Expression Profiling ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Glycerol/metabolism ; Ion Channels/metabolism ; Jumonji Domain-Containing Histone Demethylases ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Mitochondrial Proteins/metabolism ; Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism ; Obesity/*metabolism ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxidoreductases, N-Demethylating/*genetics/*metabolism ; Phenotype ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 44
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Requirement for NF-kappaB signalling in a mouse model of lung adenocarcinoma (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-10-23
    Description: NF-kappaB transcription factors function as crucial regulators of inflammatory and immune responses as well as of cell survival. They have also been implicated in cellular transformation and tumorigenesis. However, despite extensive biochemical characterization of NF-kappaB signalling during the past twenty years, the requirement for NF-kappaB in tumour development in vivo, particularly in solid tumours, is not completely understood. Here we show that the NF-kappaB pathway is required for the development of tumours in a mouse model of lung adenocarcinoma. Concomitant loss of p53 (also known as Trp53) and expression of oncogenic Kras(G12D) resulted in NF-kappaB activation in primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Conversely, in lung tumour cell lines expressing Kras(G12D) and lacking p53, p53 restoration led to NF-kappaB inhibition. Furthermore, the inhibition of NF-kappaB signalling induced apoptosis in p53-null lung cancer cell lines. Inhibition of the pathway in lung tumours in vivo, from the time of tumour initiation or after tumour progression, resulted in significantly reduced tumour development. Together, these results indicate a critical function for NF-kappaB signalling in lung tumour development and, further, that this requirement depends on p53 status. These findings also provide support for the development of NF-kappaB inhibitory drugs as targeted therapies for the treatment of patients with defined mutations in Kras and p53.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2780341/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2780341/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Meylan, Etienne -- Dooley, Alison L -- Feldser, David M -- Shen, Lynn -- Turk, Erin -- Ouyang, Chensi -- Jacks, Tyler -- P30 CA014051/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P30 CA014051-37/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P30 CA014051-38/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P30-CA14051/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Nov 5;462(7269):104-7. doi: 10.1038/nature08462. Epub 2009 Oct 21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, and Department of Biology, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19847165" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenocarcinoma/*metabolism/*pathology ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/metabolism/pathology ; Cell Line ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA/metabolism ; *Disease Models, Animal ; Fibroblasts ; Genes, p53/genetics ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/*metabolism/*pathology ; Mice ; NF-kappa B/antagonists & inhibitors/*metabolism ; Oncogene Protein p21(ras)/genetics/metabolism ; *Signal Transduction ; Transcription Factor RelA/metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/deficiency/genetics/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 45
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Identification of IFRD1 as a modifier gene for cystic fibrosis lung disease (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-02-27
    Description: Lung disease is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in cystic fibrosis, an autosomal recessive disease caused by mutations in CFTR. In cystic fibrosis, chronic infection and dysregulated neutrophilic inflammation lead to progressive airway destruction. The severity of cystic fibrosis lung disease has considerable heritability, independent of CFTR genotype. To identify genetic modifiers, here we performed a genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism scan in one cohort of cystic fibrosis patients, replicating top candidates in an independent cohort. This approach identified IFRD1 as a modifier of cystic fibrosis lung disease severity. IFRD1 is a histone-deacetylase-dependent transcriptional co-regulator expressed during terminal neutrophil differentiation. Neutrophils, but not macrophages, from Ifrd1-deficient mice showed blunted effector function, associated with decreased NF-kappaB p65 transactivation. In vivo, IFRD1 deficiency caused delayed bacterial clearance from the airway, but also less inflammation and disease-a phenotype primarily dependent on haematopoietic cell expression, or lack of expression, of IFRD1. In humans, IFRD1 polymorphisms were significantly associated with variation in neutrophil effector function. These data indicate that IFRD1 modulates the pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis lung disease through the regulation of neutrophil effector function.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2841516/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2841516/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gu, YuanYuan -- Harley, Isaac T W -- Henderson, Lindsay B -- Aronow, Bruce J -- Vietor, Ilja -- Huber, Lukas A -- Harley, John B -- Kilpatrick, Jeffrey R -- Langefeld, Carl D -- Williams, Adrienne H -- Jegga, Anil G -- Chen, Jing -- Wills-Karp, Marsha -- Arshad, S Hasan -- Ewart, Susan L -- Thio, Chloe L -- Flick, Leah M -- Filippi, Marie-Dominique -- Grimes, H Leighton -- Drumm, Mitchell L -- Cutting, Garry R -- Knowles, Michael R -- Karp, Christopher L -- R01 AI024717/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL068890/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL068890-01/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL068927/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL068927-01/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL079312/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL079312-01A1/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R37 AI024717/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Apr 23;458(7241):1039-42. doi: 10.1038/nature07811. Epub 2009 Feb 25.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Molecular Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Research Foundation and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19242412" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Cohort Studies ; Cystic Fibrosis/*genetics/*pathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Genotype ; Humans ; Immediate-Early Proteins/deficiency/*genetics ; Inflammation/genetics/pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Neutrophils/immunology/metabolism ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa/immunology/pathogenicity ; Transcription Factor RelA/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 46
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    T cells dampen innate immune responses through inhibition of NLRP1 and NLRP3 inflammasomes (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-06-06
    Description: Inflammation is a protective attempt by the host to remove injurious stimuli and initiate the tissue healing process. The inflammatory response must be actively terminated, however, because failure to do so can result in 'bystander' damage to tissues and diseases such as arthritis or type-2 diabetes. Yet the mechanisms controlling excessive inflammatory responses are still poorly understood. Here we show that mouse effector and memory CD4(+) T cells abolish macrophage inflammasome-mediated caspase-1 activation and subsequent interleukin 1beta release in a cognate manner. Inflammasome inhibition is observed for all tested NLRP1 (commonly called NALP1) and NLRP3 (NALP3 or cryopyrin) activators, whereas NLRC4 (IPAF) inflammasome function and release of other inflammatory mediators such as CXCL2, interleukin 6 and tumour necrosis factor are not affected. Suppression of the NLRP3 inflammasome requires cell-to-cell contact and can be mimicked by macrophage stimulation with selected ligands of the tumour necrosis factor family, such as CD40L (also known as CD40LG). In a NLRP3-dependent peritonitis model, effector CD4(+) T cells are responsible for decreasing neutrophil recruitment in an antigen-dependent manner. Our findings reveal an unexpected mechanism of inflammasome inhibition, whereby effector and memory T cells suppress potentially damaging inflammation, yet leave the primary inflammatory response, crucial for the onset of immunity, intact.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Guarda, Greta -- Dostert, Catherine -- Staehli, Francesco -- Cabalzar, Katrin -- Castillo, Rosa -- Tardivel, Aubry -- Schneider, Pascal -- Tschopp, Jurg -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jul 9;460(7252):269-73. doi: 10.1038/nature08100. Epub 2009 Jun 3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Chemin des Boveresses 155, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19494813" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/*antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Animals ; Antigens/immunology ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins/*antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Bone Marrow Cells/cytology ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Carrier Proteins/*antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Caspase 1/metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Immunity, Innate/*immunology ; Immunologic Memory ; Inflammation/immunology/*metabolism/pathology ; Interleukin-1beta/immunology ; Ligands ; Macrophages/immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Neutrophils/immunology ; Peritoneal Cavity/cytology ; Tumor Necrosis Factors/immunology/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 47
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Presenilins are essential for regulating neurotransmitter release (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-07-31
    Description: Mutations in the presenilin genes are the main cause of familial Alzheimer's disease. Loss of presenilin activity and/or accumulation of amyloid-beta peptides have been proposed to mediate the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease by impairing synaptic function. However, the precise site and nature of the synaptic dysfunction remain unknown. Here we use a genetic approach to inactivate presenilins conditionally in either presynaptic (CA3) or postsynaptic (CA1) neurons of the hippocampal Schaeffer-collateral pathway. We show that long-term potentiation induced by theta-burst stimulation is decreased after presynaptic but not postsynaptic deletion of presenilins. Moreover, we found that presynaptic but not postsynaptic inactivation of presenilins alters short-term plasticity and synaptic facilitation. The probability of evoked glutamate release, measured with the open-channel NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptor antagonist MK-801, is reduced by presynaptic inactivation of presenilins. Notably, depletion of endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) stores by thapsigargin, or blockade of Ca(2+) release from these stores by ryanodine receptor inhibitors, mimics and occludes the effects of presynaptic presenilin inactivation. Collectively, these results indicate a selective role for presenilins in the activity-dependent regulation of neurotransmitter release and long-term potentiation induction by modulation of intracellular Ca(2+) release in presynaptic terminals, and further suggest that presynaptic dysfunction might be an early pathogenic event leading to dementia and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2744588/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2744588/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zhang, Chen -- Wu, Bei -- Beglopoulos, Vassilios -- Wines-Samuelson, Mary -- Zhang, Dawei -- Dragatsis, Ioannis -- Sudhof, Thomas C -- Shen, Jie -- R01 NS041783/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS041783-04/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS041783-08/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01NS041783/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jul 30;460(7255):632-6. doi: 10.1038/nature08177.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19641596" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Calcium/metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Glutamic Acid/metabolism ; Hippocampus/cytology/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Mice, Transgenic ; Neurons/*metabolism ; Neurotransmitter Agents/*metabolism ; Presenilins/*genetics/*metabolism ; Presynaptic Terminals/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 48
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Hedgehog signalling is essential for maintenance of cancer stem cells in myeloid leukaemia (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-01-27
    Description: Although the role of Hedgehog (Hh) signalling in embryonic pattern formation is well established, its functions in adult tissue renewal and maintenance remain unclear, and the relationship of these functions to cancer development has not been determined. Here we show that the loss of Smoothened (Smo), an essential component of the Hh pathway, impairs haematopoietic stem cell renewal and decreases induction of chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML) by the BCR-ABL1 oncoprotein. Loss of Smo causes depletion of CML stem cells--the cells that propagate the leukaemia--whereas constitutively active Smo augments CML stem cell number and accelerates disease. As a possible mechanism for Smo action, we show that the cell fate determinant Numb, which depletes CML stem cells, is increased in the absence of Smo activity. Furthermore, pharmacological inhibition of Hh signalling impairs not only the propagation of CML driven by wild-type BCR-ABL1, but also the growth of imatinib-resistant mouse and human CML. These data indicate that Hh pathway activity is required for maintenance of normal and neoplastic stem cells of the haematopoietic system and raise the possibility that the drug resistance and disease recurrence associated with imatinib treatment of CML might be avoided by targeting this essential stem cell maintenance pathway.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2946231/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2946231/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zhao, Chen -- Chen, Alan -- Jamieson, Catriona H -- Fereshteh, Mark -- Abrahamsson, Annelie -- Blum, Jordan -- Kwon, Hyog Young -- Kim, Jynho -- Chute, John P -- Rizzieri, David -- Munchhof, Michael -- VanArsdale, Todd -- Beachy, Philip A -- Reya, Tannishtha -- AI067798/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- DK072234/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK63031/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK063031/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK063031-01/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK063031-01S1/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK063031-02/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK063031-03/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK063031-04/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK063031-05/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK063031-06/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK063031-07/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK063031-07S1/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK063031-08/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK072234/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK072234-01A1/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK072234-02/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK072234-03/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK072234-04/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- U19 AI067798/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U19 AI067798-010006/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U19 AI067798-020006/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U19 AI067798-030006/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U19 AI067798-040006/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U19 AI067798-050006/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Apr 9;458(7239):776-9. doi: 10.1038/nature07737.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19169242" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology ; Cells, Cultured ; Hedgehog Proteins/*physiology ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/*physiopathology ; Membrane Proteins/metabolism ; Mice ; Neoplastic Stem Cells/*physiology ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-abl/metabolism ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/antagonists & inhibitors/genetics/metabolism ; *Signal Transduction ; Tomatine/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Veratrum Alkaloids/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 49
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Chromatin signature reveals over a thousand highly conserved large non-coding RNAs in mammals (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-02-03
    Description: There is growing recognition that mammalian cells produce many thousands of large intergenic transcripts. However, the functional significance of these transcripts has been particularly controversial. Although there are some well-characterized examples, most (〉95%) show little evidence of evolutionary conservation and have been suggested to represent transcriptional noise. Here we report a new approach to identifying large non-coding RNAs using chromatin-state maps to discover discrete transcriptional units intervening known protein-coding loci. Our approach identified approximately 1,600 large multi-exonic RNAs across four mouse cell types. In sharp contrast to previous collections, these large intervening non-coding RNAs (lincRNAs) show strong purifying selection in their genomic loci, exonic sequences and promoter regions, with greater than 95% showing clear evolutionary conservation. We also developed a functional genomics approach that assigns putative functions to each lincRNA, demonstrating a diverse range of roles for lincRNAs in processes from embryonic stem cell pluripotency to cell proliferation. We obtained independent functional validation for the predictions for over 100 lincRNAs, using cell-based assays. In particular, we demonstrate that specific lincRNAs are transcriptionally regulated by key transcription factors in these processes such as p53, NFkappaB, Sox2, Oct4 (also known as Pou5f1) and Nanog. Together, these results define a unique collection of functional lincRNAs that are highly conserved and implicated in diverse biological processes.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2754849/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2754849/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Guttman, Mitchell -- Amit, Ido -- Garber, Manuel -- French, Courtney -- Lin, Michael F -- Feldser, David -- Huarte, Maite -- Zuk, Or -- Carey, Bryce W -- Cassady, John P -- Cabili, Moran N -- Jaenisch, Rudolf -- Mikkelsen, Tarjei S -- Jacks, Tyler -- Hacohen, Nir -- Bernstein, Bradley E -- Kellis, Manolis -- Regev, Aviv -- Rinn, John L -- Lander, Eric S -- DP1 OD003958/OD/NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG004037/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG004037-02/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG003067/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG003067-05/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Mar 12;458(7235):223-7. doi: 10.1038/nature07672. Epub 2009 Feb 1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19182780" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cells, Cultured ; Chromatin/*genetics ; *Conserved Sequence/genetics ; DNA, Intergenic ; Exons/genetics ; Mammals/*genetics ; Mice ; Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics ; RNA/*genetics ; Reproducibility of Results ; Transcription Factors/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 50
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Prominin 1 marks intestinal stem cells that are susceptible to neoplastic transformation (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-12-19
    Description: Cancer stem cells are remarkably similar to normal stem cells: both self-renew, are multipotent and express common surface markers, for example, prominin 1 (PROM1, also called CD133). What remains unclear is whether cancer stem cells are the direct progeny of mutated stem cells or more mature cells that reacquire stem cell properties during tumour formation. Answering this question will require knowledge of whether normal stem cells are susceptible to cancer-causing mutations; however, this has proved difficult to test because the identity of most adult tissue stem cells is not known. Here, using an inducible Cre, nuclear LacZ reporter allele knocked into the Prom1 locus (Prom1(C-L)), we show that Prom1 is expressed in a variety of developing and adult tissues. Lineage-tracing studies of adult Prom1(+/C-L) mice containing the Rosa26-YFP reporter allele showed that Prom1(+) cells are located at the base of crypts in the small intestine, co-express Lgr5 (ref. 2), generate the entire intestinal epithelium, and are therefore the small intestinal stem cell. Prom1 was reported recently to mark cancer stem cells of human intestinal tumours that arise frequently as a consequence of aberrant wingless (Wnt) signalling. Activation of endogenous Wnt signalling in Prom1(+/C-L) mice containing a Cre-dependent mutant allele of beta-catenin (Ctnnb1(lox(ex3))) resulted in a gross disruption of crypt architecture and a disproportionate expansion of Prom1(+) cells at the crypt base. Lineage tracing demonstrated that the progeny of these cells replaced the mucosa of the entire small intestine with neoplastic tissue that was characterized by focal high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia and crypt adenoma formation. Although all neoplastic cells arose from Prom1(+) cells in these mice, only 7% of tumour cells retained Prom1 expression. Our data indicate that Prom1 marks stem cells in the adult small intestine that are susceptible to transformation into tumours retaining a fraction of mutant Prom1(+) tumour cells.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2633030/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2633030/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zhu, Liqin -- Gibson, Paul -- Currle, D Spencer -- Tong, Yiai -- Richardson, Robert J -- Bayazitov, Ildar T -- Poppleton, Helen -- Zakharenko, Stanislav -- Ellison, David W -- Gilbertson, Richard J -- P01 CA096832/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P01 CA096832-01A10003/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P01CA96832/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P30CA021765/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA129541/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA129541-01/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA129541-02/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH079079/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH079079-01A2/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH079079-02/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH079079-03/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH079079-04/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH079079-05/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01CA129541/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jan 29;457(7229):603-7. doi: 10.1038/nature07589. Epub 2008 Dec 17.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19092805" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenoma/genetics/metabolism/pathology ; Animals ; Antigens, CD/analysis/genetics/*metabolism ; Biomarkers/analysis/metabolism ; *Cell Lineage ; *Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Cells, Cultured ; Genes, Reporter/genetics ; Glycoproteins/analysis/genetics/*metabolism ; Intestinal Neoplasms/genetics/metabolism/pathology ; Intestine, Small/*cytology/pathology ; Mice ; Mutation ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Neoplastic Stem Cells/cytology/*metabolism/pathology ; Peptides/analysis/genetics/*metabolism ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism ; Stem Cells/cytology/*metabolism/*pathology ; Transplantation, Heterologous ; Wnt Proteins/metabolism ; beta Catenin/genetics/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 51
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Association of reactive oxygen species levels and radioresistance in cancer stem cells (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-02-06
    Description: The metabolism of oxygen, although central to life, produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) that have been implicated in processes as diverse as cancer, cardiovascular disease and ageing. It has recently been shown that central nervous system stem cells and haematopoietic stem cells and early progenitors contain lower levels of ROS than their more mature progeny, and that these differences are critical for maintaining stem cell function. We proposed that epithelial tissue stem cells and their cancer stem cell (CSC) counterparts may also share this property. Here we show that normal mammary epithelial stem cells contain lower concentrations of ROS than their more mature progeny cells. Notably, subsets of CSCs in some human and murine breast tumours contain lower ROS levels than corresponding non-tumorigenic cells (NTCs). Consistent with ROS being critical mediators of ionizing-radiation-induced cell killing, CSCs in these tumours develop less DNA damage and are preferentially spared after irradiation compared to NTCs. Lower ROS levels in CSCs are associated with increased expression of free radical scavenging systems. Pharmacological depletion of ROS scavengers in CSCs markedly decreases their clonogenicity and results in radiosensitization. These results indicate that, similar to normal tissue stem cells, subsets of CSCs in some tumours contain lower ROS levels and enhanced ROS defences compared to their non-tumorigenic progeny, which may contribute to tumour radioresistance.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2778612/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2778612/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Diehn, Maximilian -- Cho, Robert W -- Lobo, Neethan A -- Kalisky, Tomer -- Dorie, Mary Jo -- Kulp, Angela N -- Qian, Dalong -- Lam, Jessica S -- Ailles, Laurie E -- Wong, Manzhi -- Joshua, Benzion -- Kaplan, Michael J -- Wapnir, Irene -- Dirbas, Frederick M -- Somlo, George -- Garberoglio, Carlos -- Paz, Benjamin -- Shen, Jeannie -- Lau, Sean K -- Quake, Stephen R -- Brown, J Martin -- Weissman, Irving L -- Clarke, Michael F -- R01 CA100225/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA100225-05/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- U54 CA126524/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- U54 CA126524-04/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Apr 9;458(7239):780-3. doi: 10.1038/nature07733.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19194462" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Breast Neoplasms/physiopathology ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA Damage/genetics/radiation effects ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Mammary Glands, Human/cytology/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Neoplastic Stem Cells/*metabolism/*radiation effects ; Radiation Tolerance/*physiology ; Reactive Oxygen Species/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 52
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Subcellular homeostasis of phytohormone auxin is mediated by the ER-localized PIN5 transporter (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-06-10
    Description: The plant signalling molecule auxin provides positional information in a variety of developmental processes by means of its differential distribution (gradients) within plant tissues. Thus, cellular auxin levels often determine the developmental output of auxin signalling. Conceptually, transmembrane transport and metabolic processes regulate the steady-state levels of auxin in any given cell. In particular, PIN auxin-efflux-carrier-mediated, directional transport between cells is crucial for generating auxin gradients. Here we show that Arabidopsis thaliana PIN5, an atypical member of the PIN gene family, encodes a functional auxin transporter that is required for auxin-mediated development. PIN5 does not have a direct role in cell-to-cell transport but regulates intracellular auxin homeostasis and metabolism. PIN5 localizes, unlike other characterized plasma membrane PIN proteins, to endoplasmic reticulum (ER), presumably mediating auxin flow from the cytosol to the lumen of the ER. The ER localization of other PIN5-like transporters (including the moss PIN) indicates that the diversification of PIN protein functions in mediating auxin homeostasis at the ER, and cell-to-cell auxin transport at the plasma membrane, represent an ancient event during the evolution of land plants.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mravec, Jozef -- Skupa, Petr -- Bailly, Aurelien -- Hoyerova, Klara -- Krecek, Pavel -- Bielach, Agnieszka -- Petrasek, Jan -- Zhang, Jing -- Gaykova, Vassilena -- Stierhof, York-Dieter -- Dobrev, Petre I -- Schwarzerova, Katerina -- Rolcik, Jakub -- Seifertova, Daniela -- Luschnig, Christian -- Benkova, Eva -- Zazimalova, Eva -- Geisler, Markus -- Friml, Jiri -- P 19585/Austrian Science Fund FWF/Austria -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jun 25;459(7250):1136-40. doi: 10.1038/nature08066. Epub 2009 Jun 7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB and Department of Plant Biotechnology and Genetics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19506555" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arabidopsis/classification/genetics/metabolism/*physiology ; Arabidopsis Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Endoplasmic Reticulum/*metabolism ; Gene Knockout Techniques ; Homeostasis/*physiology ; Indoleacetic Acids/*metabolism ; Membrane Transport Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Mutation ; Phenotype ; Phylogeny ; Plant Growth Regulators/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 53
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Identification of a dendritic cell receptor that couples sensing of necrosis to immunity (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-02-17
    Description: Injury or impaired clearance of apoptotic cells leads to the pathological accumulation of necrotic corpses, which induce an inflammatory response that initiates tissue repair. In addition, antigens present in necrotic cells can sometimes provoke a specific immune response and it has been argued that necrosis could explain adaptive immunity in seemingly infection-free situations, such as after allograft transplantation or in spontaneous and therapy-induced tumour rejection. In the mouse, the CD8alpha+ subset of dendritic cells phagocytoses dead cell remnants and cross-primes CD8+ T cells against cell-associated antigens. Here we show that CD8alpha+ dendritic cells use CLEC9A (also known as DNGR-1), a recently-characterized C-type lectin, to recognize a preformed signal that is exposed on necrotic cells. Loss or blockade of CLEC9A does not impair the uptake of necrotic cell material by CD8+ dendritic cells, but specifically reduces cross-presentation of dead-cell-associated antigens in vitro and decreases the immunogenicity of necrotic cells in vivo. The function of CLEC9A requires a key tyrosine residue in its intracellular tail that allows the recruitment and activation of the tyrosine kinase SYK, which is also essential for cross-presentation of dead-cell-associated antigens. Thus, CLEC9A functions as a SYK-coupled C-type lectin receptor to mediate sensing of necrosis by the principal dendritic-cell subset involved in regulating cross-priming to cell-associated antigens.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2671489/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2671489/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sancho, David -- Joffre, Olivier P -- Keller, Anna M -- Rogers, Neil C -- Martinez, Dolores -- Hernanz-Falcon, Patricia -- Rosewell, Ian -- Reis e Sousa, Caetano -- A3598/Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom -- Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom -- England -- Nature. 2009 Apr 16;458(7240):899-903. doi: 10.1038/nature07750.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Immunobiology Laboratory, London Research Institute, Lincoln's Inn Fields Laboratories, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3PX, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19219027" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens, CD8/metabolism ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Cells, Cultured ; Cross-Priming/immunology ; Dendritic Cells/*immunology/*metabolism ; Humans ; Lectins, C-Type/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Ligands ; Mice ; Necrosis/*immunology/*metabolism ; Phagocytosis ; Receptors, Immunologic/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Receptors, Mitogen/genetics/*metabolism ; Signal Transduction
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 54
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Induced pluripotent stem cells from a spinal muscular atrophy patient (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-12-23
    Description: Spinal muscular atrophy is one of the most common inherited forms of neurological disease leading to infant mortality. Patients have selective loss of lower motor neurons resulting in muscle weakness, paralysis and often death. Although patient fibroblasts have been used extensively to study spinal muscular atrophy, motor neurons have a unique anatomy and physiology which may underlie their vulnerability to the disease process. Here we report the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells from skin fibroblast samples taken from a child with spinal muscular atrophy. These cells expanded robustly in culture, maintained the disease genotype and generated motor neurons that showed selective deficits compared to those derived from the child's unaffected mother. This is the first study to show that human induced pluripotent stem cells can be used to model the specific pathology seen in a genetically inherited disease. As such, it represents a promising resource to study disease mechanisms, screen new drug compounds and develop new therapies.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2659408/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2659408/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ebert, Allison D -- Yu, Junying -- Rose, Ferrill F Jr -- Mattis, Virginia B -- Lorson, Christian L -- Thomson, James A -- Svendsen, Clive N -- P01 NS057778/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- P01 NS057778-01A1/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- P01 NS057778-01A10002/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- P01 NS057778-01A18867/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- P01 NS057778-01A19001/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- P01 NS057778-02/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- P01 NS057778-020002/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- P01 NS057778-029001/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- P01NS057778/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01HD054413/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- R01NS41584/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- T32 AG027566/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- T32 AG027566-01/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- T32 AG027566-02/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- T32 AG027566-03/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- T32 AG027566-04/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- T32GM008396/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jan 15;457(7227):277-80. doi: 10.1038/nature07677. Epub 2008 Dec 21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉The Waisman Center, The Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1500 Highland Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, USA. ebert@waisman.wisc.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19098894" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Differentiation/drug effects ; Cell Lineage ; Cell Separation ; Cells, Cultured ; *Cellular Reprogramming/drug effects ; Child ; Female ; Fibroblasts/*cytology/drug effects ; Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects ; Humans ; Male ; *Models, Biological ; Motor Neurons/drug effects/metabolism/*pathology ; Muscular Atrophy, Spinal/metabolism/*pathology ; Pluripotent Stem Cells/*cytology/drug effects/metabolism/*pathology ; Skin/cytology ; Survival of Motor Neuron 1 Protein/genetics/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 55
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Biomechanical forces promote embryonic haematopoiesis (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-05-15
    Description: Biomechanical forces are emerging as critical regulators of embryogenesis, particularly in the developing cardiovascular system. After initiation of the heartbeat in vertebrates, cells lining the ventral aspect of the dorsal aorta, the placental vessels, and the umbilical and vitelline arteries initiate expression of the transcription factor Runx1 (refs 3-5), a master regulator of haematopoiesis, and give rise to haematopoietic cells. It remains unknown whether the biomechanical forces imposed on the vascular wall at this developmental stage act as a determinant of haematopoietic potential. Here, using mouse embryonic stem cells differentiated in vitro, we show that fluid shear stress increases the expression of Runx1 in CD41(+)c-Kit(+) haematopoietic progenitor cells, concomitantly augmenting their haematopoietic colony-forming potential. Moreover, we find that shear stress increases haematopoietic colony-forming potential and expression of haematopoietic markers in the para-aortic splanchnopleura/aorta-gonads-mesonephros of mouse embryos and that abrogation of nitric oxide, a mediator of shear-stress-induced signalling, compromises haematopoietic potential in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, these data reveal a critical role for biomechanical forces in haematopoietic development.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2782763/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2782763/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Adamo, Luigi -- Naveiras, Olaia -- Wenzel, Pamela L -- McKinney-Freeman, Shannon -- Mack, Peter J -- Gracia-Sancho, Jorge -- Suchy-Dicey, Astrid -- Yoshimoto, Momoko -- Lensch, M William -- Yoder, Mervin C -- Garcia-Cardena, Guillermo -- Daley, George Q -- R01 AI080759/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI080759-01/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jun 25;459(7250):1131-5. doi: 10.1038/nature08073. Epub 2009 May 13.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19440194" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aorta/cytology/embryology ; *Cell Differentiation ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit/genetics ; Embryonic Stem Cells ; Endothelium-Dependent Relaxing Factors/pharmacology ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Hematopoiesis/*physiology ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/*cytology/drug effects ; Mice ; Nitric Oxide/pharmacology ; Pregnancy ; *Stress, Mechanical
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 56
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Nucleotides released by apoptotic cells act as a find-me signal to promote phagocytic clearance (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-09-11
    Description: Phagocytic removal of apoptotic cells occurs efficiently in vivo such that even in tissues with significant apoptosis, very few apoptotic cells are detectable. This is thought to be due to the release of 'find-me' signals by apoptotic cells that recruit motile phagocytes such as monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells, leading to the prompt clearance of the dying cells. However, the identity and in vivo relevance of such find-me signals are not well understood. Here, through several lines of evidence, we identify extracellular nucleotides as a critical apoptotic cell find-me signal. We demonstrate the caspase-dependent release of ATP and UTP (in equimolar quantities) during the early stages of apoptosis by primary thymocytes and cell lines. Purified nucleotides at these concentrations were sufficient to induce monocyte recruitment comparable to that of apoptotic cell supernatants. Enzymatic removal of ATP and UTP (by apyrase or the expression of ectopic CD39) abrogated the ability of apoptotic cell supernatants to recruit monocytes in vitro and in vivo. We then identified the ATP/UTP receptor P2Y(2) as a critical sensor of nucleotides released by apoptotic cells using RNA interference-mediated depletion studies in monocytes, and macrophages from P2Y(2)-null mice. The relevance of nucleotides in apoptotic cell clearance in vivo was revealed by two approaches. First, in a murine air-pouch model, apoptotic cell supernatants induced a threefold greater recruitment of monocytes and macrophages than supernatants from healthy cells did; this recruitment was abolished by depletion of nucleotides and was significantly decreased in P2Y(2)(-/-) (also known as P2ry2(-/-)) mice. Second, clearance of apoptotic thymocytes was significantly impaired by either depletion of nucleotides or interference with P2Y receptor function (by pharmacological inhibition or in P2Y(2)(-/-) mice). These results identify nucleotides as a critical find-me cue released by apoptotic cells to promote P2Y(2)-dependent recruitment of phagocytes, and provide evidence for a clear relationship between a find-me signal and efficient corpse clearance in vivo.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2851546/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2851546/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Elliott, Michael R -- Chekeni, Faraaz B -- Trampont, Paul C -- Lazarowski, Eduardo R -- Kadl, Alexandra -- Walk, Scott F -- Park, Daeho -- Woodson, Robin I -- Ostankovich, Marina -- Sharma, Poonam -- Lysiak, Jeffrey J -- Harden, T Kendall -- Leitinger, Norbert -- Ravichandran, Kodi S -- R01 GM064709/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM064709-07/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM069998/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM069998-04/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Sep 10;461(7261):282-6. doi: 10.1038/nature08296.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19741708" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Triphosphate/*metabolism/pharmacology/secretion ; Animals ; Apoptosis/*physiology ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Chemotactic Factors/metabolism/pharmacology/secretion ; Chemotaxis/drug effects ; Culture Media, Conditioned/chemistry/metabolism/pharmacology ; Humans ; Jurkat Cells ; Macrophage Activation/drug effects ; Macrophages/cytology/drug effects/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Monocytes/cytology/drug effects/metabolism ; Phagocytes/*cytology/drug effects/metabolism ; Phagocytosis/drug effects/*physiology ; Purinergic P2 Receptor Antagonists ; Receptors, Purinergic P2/deficiency/genetics/metabolism ; Receptors, Purinergic P2Y2 ; *Signal Transduction/drug effects ; Thymus Gland/*cytology ; Uridine Triphosphate/*metabolism/pharmacology/secretion
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 57
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Surface hydrophobin prevents immune recognition of airborne fungal spores (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-08-29
    Description: The air we breathe is filled with thousands of fungal spores (conidia) per cubic metre, which in certain composting environments can easily exceed 10(9) per cubic metre. They originate from more than a hundred fungal species belonging mainly to the genera Cladosporium, Penicillium, Alternaria and Aspergillus. Although these conidia contain many antigens and allergens, it is not known why airborne fungal microflora do not activate the host innate immune cells continuously and do not induce detrimental inflammatory responses following their inhalation. Here we show that the surface layer on the dormant conidia masks their recognition by the immune system and hence prevents immune response. To explore this, we used several fungal members of the airborne microflora, including the human opportunistic fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus, in in vitro assays with dendritic cells and alveolar macrophages and in in vivo murine experiments. In A. fumigatus, this surface 'rodlet layer' is composed of hydrophobic RodA protein covalently bound to the conidial cell wall through glycosylphosphatidylinositol-remnants. RodA extracted from conidia of A. fumigatus was immunologically inert and did not induce dendritic cell or alveolar macrophage maturation and activation, and failed to activate helper T-cell immune responses in vivo. The removal of this surface 'rodlet/hydrophobin layer' either chemically (using hydrofluoric acid), genetically (DeltarodA mutant) or biologically (germination) resulted in conidial morphotypes inducing immune activation. All these observations show that the hydrophobic rodlet layer on the conidial cell surface immunologically silences airborne moulds.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Aimanianda, Vishukumar -- Bayry, Jagadeesh -- Bozza, Silvia -- Kniemeyer, Olaf -- Perruccio, Katia -- Elluru, Sri Ramulu -- Clavaud, Cecile -- Paris, Sophie -- Brakhage, Axel A -- Kaveri, Srini V -- Romani, Luigina -- Latge, Jean-Paul -- England -- Nature. 2009 Aug 27;460(7259):1117-21. doi: 10.1038/nature08264.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Unite des Aspergillus, Institut Pasteur, Paris F-75015, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19713928" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adoptive Transfer ; Air Microbiology ; Allergens ; Animals ; Antigens, Fungal/chemistry/genetics/*immunology ; Antigens, Plant ; Aspergillus fumigatus/chemistry/immunology/physiology ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Cathepsins ; Cells, Cultured ; Dendritic Cells/cytology/immunology/transplantation ; Fungal Proteins ; Humans ; Hydrofluoric Acid/chemistry ; Immune System/immunology ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Macrophages, Alveolar/immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Spores, Fungal/chemistry/genetics/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 58
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Immortalization eliminates a roadblock during cellular reprogramming into iPS cells (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-08-12
    Description: The overexpression of defined transcription factors in somatic cells results in their reprogramming into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. The extremely low efficiency and slow kinetics of in vitro reprogramming suggest that further rare events are required to generate iPS cells. The nature and identity of these events, however, remain elusive. We noticed that the reprogramming potential of primary murine fibroblasts into iPS cells decreases after serial passaging and the concomitant onset of senescence. Consistent with the notion that loss of replicative potential provides a barrier for reprogramming, here we show that cells with low endogenous p19(Arf) (encoded by the Ink4a/Arf locus, also known as Cdkn2a locus) protein levels and immortal fibroblasts deficient in components of the Arf-Trp53 pathway yield iPS cell colonies with up to threefold faster kinetics and at a significantly higher efficiency than wild-type cells, endowing almost every somatic cell with the potential to form iPS cells. Notably, the acute genetic ablation of Trp53 (also known as p53) in cellular subpopulations that normally fail to reprogram rescues their ability to produce iPS cells. Our results show that the acquisition of immortality is a crucial and rate-limiting step towards the establishment of a pluripotent state in somatic cells and underscore the similarities between induced pluripotency and tumorigenesis.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3987892/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3987892/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Utikal, Jochen -- Polo, Jose M -- Stadtfeld, Matthias -- Maherali, Nimet -- Kulalert, Warakorn -- Walsh, Ryan M -- Khalil, Adam -- Rheinwald, James G -- Hochedlinger, Konrad -- DP2 OD003266/OD/NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Aug 27;460(7259):1145-8. doi: 10.1038/nature08285. Epub 2009 Aug 9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Center for Regenerative Medicine, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19668190" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Aging/*physiology ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Division ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Cellular Reprogramming/*physiology ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16/deficiency/genetics/metabolism ; Down-Regulation ; Fibroblasts/cytology/metabolism ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Keratinocytes ; Kinetics ; Mice ; Mice, SCID ; Pluripotent Stem Cells/*cytology/metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/deficiency/genetics/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 59
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Frequent somatic mutations of GNAQ in uveal melanoma and blue naevi (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-12-17
    Description: BRAF and NRAS are common targets for somatic mutations in benign and malignant neoplasms that arise from melanocytes situated in epithelial structures, and lead to constitutive activation of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway. However, BRAF and NRAS mutations are absent in a number of other melanocytic neoplasms in which the equivalent oncogenic events are currently unknown. Here we report frequent somatic mutations in the heterotrimeric G protein alpha-subunit, GNAQ, in blue naevi (83%) and ocular melanoma of the uvea (46%). The mutations occur exclusively in codon 209 in the Ras-like domain and result in constitutive activation, turning GNAQ into a dominant acting oncogene. Our results demonstrate an alternative route to MAP kinase activation in melanocytic neoplasia, providing new opportunities for therapeutic intervention.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2696133/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2696133/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Van Raamsdonk, Catherine D -- Bezrookove, Vladimir -- Green, Gary -- Bauer, Jurgen -- Gaugler, Lona -- O'Brien, Joan M -- Simpson, Elizabeth M -- Barsh, Gregory S -- Bastian, Boris C -- P01 CA025874/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P01 CA025874-20A1/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P01 CA025874-25A10020/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P01 CA025874-280020/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P01 CA025874-290020/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA131524/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jan 29;457(7229):599-602. doi: 10.1038/nature07586. Epub 2008 Dec 10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T1Z3, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19078957" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Apoptosis ; Biopsy ; Cell Proliferation ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Cells, Cultured ; Codon/genetics ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Enzyme Activation ; GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits/chemistry/deficiency/*genetics/metabolism ; Genes, Dominant/genetics ; Humans ; MAP Kinase Signaling System ; Melanocytes/enzymology/pathology ; Melanoma/enzymology/*genetics/pathology ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Mutation/*genetics ; Nevus, Blue/enzymology/*genetics/pathology ; Oncogenes/genetics ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Skin Neoplasms/enzymology/*genetics/pathology ; Uveal Neoplasms/enzymology/*genetics/pathology ; ras Proteins/chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 60
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Modelling pathogenesis and treatment of familial dysautonomia using patient-specific iPSCs (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-08-21
    Description: The isolation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) offers a new strategy for modelling human disease. Recent studies have reported the derivation and differentiation of disease-specific human iPSCs. However, a key challenge in the field is the demonstration of disease-related phenotypes and the ability to model pathogenesis and treatment of disease in iPSCs. Familial dysautonomia (FD) is a rare but fatal peripheral neuropathy, caused by a point mutation in the IKBKAP gene involved in transcriptional elongation. The disease is characterized by the depletion of autonomic and sensory neurons. The specificity to the peripheral nervous system and the mechanism of neuron loss in FD are poorly understood owing to the lack of an appropriate model system. Here we report the derivation of patient-specific FD-iPSCs and the directed differentiation into cells of all three germ layers including peripheral neurons. Gene expression analysis in purified FD-iPSC-derived lineages demonstrates tissue-specific mis-splicing of IKBKAP in vitro. Patient-specific neural crest precursors express particularly low levels of normal IKBKAP transcript, suggesting a mechanism for disease specificity. FD pathogenesis is further characterized by transcriptome analysis and cell-based assays revealing marked defects in neurogenic differentiation and migration behaviour. Furthermore, we use FD-iPSCs for validating the potency of candidate drugs in reversing aberrant splicing and ameliorating neuronal differentiation and migration. Our study illustrates the promise of iPSC technology for gaining new insights into human disease pathogenesis and treatment.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2784695/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2784695/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lee, Gabsang -- Papapetrou, Eirini P -- Kim, Hyesoo -- Chambers, Stuart M -- Tomishima, Mark J -- Fasano, Christopher A -- Ganat, Yosif M -- Menon, Jayanthi -- Shimizu, Fumiko -- Viale, Agnes -- Tabar, Viviane -- Sadelain, Michel -- Studer, Lorenz -- R01 NS052671/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS052671-03/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Sep 17;461(7262):402-6. doi: 10.1038/nature08320. Epub 2009 Aug 19.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Developmental Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute, 1275 York Ave, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19693009" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Alternative Splicing/drug effects/genetics ; Animals ; Carrier Proteins/genetics ; Cell Dedifferentiation ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Lineage ; Cell Movement ; Cells, Cultured ; Child ; Dysautonomia, Familial/drug therapy/genetics/*pathology/*therapy ; Female ; Fibroblasts/cytology/metabolism ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Humans ; Kinetin/pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Male ; Mice ; *Models, Biological ; Neural Crest/cytology/drug effects ; Organ Specificity ; Phenotype ; Pluripotent Stem Cells/cytology/drug effects/*metabolism/*transplantation
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 61
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    mTOR regulates memory CD8 T-cell differentiation (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-06-23
    Description: Memory CD8 T cells are a critical component of protective immunity, and inducing effective memory T-cell responses is a major goal of vaccines against chronic infections and tumours. Considerable effort has gone into designing vaccine regimens that will increase the magnitude of the memory response, but there has been minimal emphasis on developing strategies to improve the functional qualities of memory T cells. Here we show that mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin, also known as FRAP1) is a major regulator of memory CD8 T-cell differentiation, and in contrast to what we expected, the immunosuppressive drug rapamycin has immunostimulatory effects on the generation of memory CD8 T cells. Treatment of mice with rapamycin following acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection enhanced not only the quantity but also the quality of virus-specific CD8 T cells. Similar effects were seen after immunization of mice with a vaccine based on non-replicating virus-like particles. In addition, rapamycin treatment also enhanced memory T-cell responses in non-human primates following vaccination with modified vaccinia virus Ankara. Rapamycin was effective during both the expansion and contraction phases of the T-cell response; during the expansion phase it increased the number of memory precursors, and during the contraction phase (effector to memory transition) it accelerated the memory T-cell differentiation program. Experiments using RNA interference to inhibit expression of mTOR, raptor (also known as 4932417H02Rik) or FKBP12 (also known as FKBP1A) in antigen-specific CD8 T cells showed that mTOR acts intrinsically through the mTORC1 (mTOR complex 1) pathway to regulate memory T-cell differentiation. Thus these studies identify a molecular pathway regulating memory formation and provide an effective strategy for improving the functional qualities of vaccine- or infection-induced memory T cells.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2710807/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2710807/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Araki, Koichi -- Turner, Alexandra P -- Shaffer, Virginia Oliva -- Gangappa, Shivaprakash -- Keller, Susanne A -- Bachmann, Martin F -- Larsen, Christian P -- Ahmed, Rafi -- AI030048/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI040519/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- N01-AI-50025/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI073707/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI073707-01A2/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R37 AI040519/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R37 AI040519-13/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jul 2;460(7251):108-12. doi: 10.1038/nature08155. Epub 2009 Jun 21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Emory Vaccine Center and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19543266" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens, Viral/immunology ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*cytology/*immunology ; *Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Immunologic Memory/drug effects/*immunology ; Lymphocyte Count ; Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus/immunology ; Macaca mulatta/immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Multiprotein Complexes ; Protein Kinases/*metabolism ; Proteins ; Sirolimus/pharmacology ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases ; Transcription Factors/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 62
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Activation of CaMKII in single dendritic spines during long-term potentiation (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-03-20
    Description: Calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) plays a central part in long-term potentiation (LTP), which underlies some forms of learning and memory. Here we monitored the spatiotemporal dynamics of CaMKII activation in individual dendritic spines during LTP using two-photon fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy, in combination with two-photon glutamate uncaging. Induction of LTP and associated spine enlargement in single spines triggered transient ( approximately 1 min) CaMKII activation restricted to the stimulated spines. CaMKII in spines was specifically activated by NMDA receptors and L-type voltage-sensitive calcium channels, presumably by nanodomain Ca(2+) near the channels, in response to glutamate uncaging and depolarization, respectively. The high degree of compartmentalization and channel specificity of CaMKII signalling allow stimuli-specific spatiotemporal patterns of CaMKII signalling and may be important for synapse-specificity of synaptic plasticity.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2719773/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2719773/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lee, Seok-Jin R -- Escobedo-Lozoya, Yasmin -- Szatmari, Erzsebet M -- Yasuda, Ryohei -- AS1398/Autism Speaks/ -- R01 MH080047/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH080047-01/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH080047-02/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01MH08004/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Mar 19;458(7236):299-304. doi: 10.1038/nature07842.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19295602" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Calcium/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Calcium Channels, L-Type/metabolism ; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2/genetics/*metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Chelating Agents/pharmacology ; Dendritic Spines/*enzymology/*physiology ; Enzyme Activation/drug effects ; Fluorescence ; Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer ; Glutamic Acid/metabolism ; Hippocampus/cytology ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Long-Term Potentiation/*physiology ; Photons ; Rats ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/metabolism ; Synapses/metabolism ; Synaptic Potentials/physiology ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 63
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Memory CD8 T-cell compartment grows in size with immunological experience (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-11-14
    Description: Memory CD8 T cells, generated by natural pathogen exposure or intentional vaccination, protect the host against specific viral infections. It has long been proposed that the number of memory CD8 T cells in the host is inflexible, and that individual cells are constantly competing for limited space. Consequently, vaccines that introduce over-abundant quantities of memory CD8 T cells specific for an agent of interest could have catastrophic consequences for the host by displacing memory CD8 T cells specific for all previous infections. To test this paradigm, we developed a vaccination regimen in mice that introduced as many new long-lived memory CD8 T cells specific for a single vaccine antigen as there were memory CD8 T cells in the host before vaccination. Here we show that, in contrast to expectations, the size of the memory CD8 T-cell compartment doubled to accommodate these new cells, a change due solely to the addition of effector memory CD8 T cells. This increase did not affect the number of CD4 T cells, B cells or naive CD8 T cells, and pre-existing memory CD8 T cells specific for a previously encountered infection were largely preserved. Thus, the number of effector memory CD8 T cells in the mammalian host adapts according to immunological experience. Developing vaccines that abundantly introduce new memory CD8 T cells should not necessarily ablate pre-existing immunity to other infections.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vezys, Vaiva -- Yates, Andrew -- Casey, Kerry A -- Lanier, Gibson -- Ahmed, Rafi -- Antia, Rustom -- Masopust, David -- AI30048/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jan 8;457(7226):196-9. doi: 10.1038/nature07486. Epub 2008 Nov 12.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology and Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19005468" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens, CD44/metabolism ; B-Lymphocytes/cytology ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/cytology ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*cytology/*immunology ; Cells, Cultured ; Immunodominant Epitopes/immunology ; Immunologic Memory/*immunology ; L-Selectin/metabolism ; *Lymphocyte Count ; Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus/immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Vaccination ; Viral Vaccines/administration & dosage/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 64
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Adult satellite cells and embryonic muscle progenitors have distinct genetic requirements (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-06-26
    Description: Myogenic potential, survival and expansion of mammalian muscle progenitors depend on the myogenic determinants Pax3 and Pax7 embryonically, and Pax7 alone perinatally. Several in vitro studies support the critical role of Pax7 in these functions of adult muscle stem cells (satellite cells), but a formal demonstration has been lacking in vivo. Here we show, through the application of inducible Cre/loxP lineage tracing and conditional gene inactivation to the tibialis anterior muscle regeneration paradigm, that, unexpectedly, when Pax7 is inactivated in adult mice, mutant satellite cells are not compromised in muscle regeneration, they can proliferate and reoccupy the sublaminal satellite niche, and they are able to support further regenerative processes. Dual adult inactivation of Pax3 and Pax7 also results in normal muscle regeneration. Multiple time points of gene inactivation reveal that Pax7 is only required up to the juvenile period when progenitor cells make the transition into quiescence. Furthermore, we demonstrate a cell-intrinsic difference between neonatal progenitor and adult satellite cells in their Pax7-dependency. Our finding of an age-dependent change in the genetic requirement for muscle stem cells cautions against inferring adult stem-cell biology from embryonic studies, and has direct implications for the use of stem cells from hosts of different ages in transplantation-based therapy.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2767162/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2767162/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lepper, Christoph -- Conway, Simon J -- Fan, Chen-Ming -- R01 HL060714/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL060714-02/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL060714-11/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jul 30;460(7255):627-31. doi: 10.1038/nature08209.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Embryology, Carnegie Institution, 3520 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA. lepper@ciwemb.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19554048" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging ; Animals ; Cell Proliferation ; Cells, Cultured ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Mice ; Muscle, Skeletal/cytology/growth & development ; Mutation ; PAX7 Transcription Factor/metabolism ; Paired Box Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Regeneration/genetics/*physiology ; Satellite Cells, Skeletal Muscle/*cytology/drug effects/*physiology ; Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators/pharmacology ; Stem Cells/*cytology/drug effects/*physiology ; Tamoxifen/pharmacology ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 65
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Gene regulatory logic of dopamine neuron differentiation (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-03-17
    Description: Dopamine signalling regulates a variety of complex behaviours, and defects in dopamine neuron function or survival result in severe human pathologies, such as Parkinson's disease. The common denominator of all dopamine neurons is the expression of dopamine pathway genes, which code for a set of phylogenetically conserved proteins involved in dopamine synthesis and transport. Gene regulatory mechanisms that result in the direct activation of dopamine pathway genes and thereby ultimately determine the identity of dopamine neurons are poorly understood in all systems studied so far. Here we show that a simple cis-regulatory element, the dopamine (DA) motif, controls the expression of all dopamine pathway genes in all dopaminergic cell types in Caenorhabditis elegans. The DA motif is activated by the ETS transcription factor AST-1. Loss of ast-1 results in the failure of all distinct dopaminergic neuronal subtypes to terminally differentiate. Ectopic expression of ast-1 is sufficient to activate the dopamine pathway in some cellular contexts. Vertebrate dopamine pathway genes also contain phylogenetically conserved DA motifs that can be activated by the mouse ETS transcription factor Etv1 (also known as ER81), and a specific class of dopamine neurons fails to differentiate in mice lacking Etv1. Moreover, ectopic Etv1 expression induces dopaminergic fate marker expression in neuronal primary cultures. Mouse Etv1 can also functionally substitute for ast-1 in C. elegans. Our studies reveal a simple and apparently conserved regulatory logic of dopamine neuron terminal differentiation and may provide new entry points into the diagnosis or therapy of conditions in which dopamine neurons are defective.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2671564/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2671564/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Flames, Nuria -- Hobert, Oliver -- R01 NS039996/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS039996-08/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS050266/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS050266-05/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01NS039996-05/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01NS050266-03/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Apr 16;458(7240):885-9. doi: 10.1038/nature07929. Epub 2009 Mar 15.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, USA. nf2171@columbia.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19287374" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Caenorhabditis elegans/*cytology/*genetics ; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Cell Lineage/genetics ; Cells, Cultured ; Conserved Sequence/genetics ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Dopamine/*metabolism ; Evolution, Molecular ; Gene Expression Regulation/*genetics ; Heat-Shock Response ; Mice ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Neurogenesis/*genetics ; Neurons/*cytology/*metabolism ; Olfactory Bulb/cytology/metabolism ; Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid/genetics ; Transcription Factors/genetics/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 66
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Down's syndrome suppression of tumour growth and the role of the calcineurin inhibitor DSCR1 (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-05-22
    Description: The incidence of many cancer types is significantly reduced in individuals with Down's syndrome, and it is thought that this broad cancer protection is conferred by the increased expression of one or more of the 231 supernumerary genes on the extra copy of chromosome 21. One such gene is Down's syndrome candidate region-1 (DSCR1, also known as RCAN1), which encodes a protein that suppresses vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-mediated angiogenic signalling by the calcineurin pathway. Here we show that DSCR1 is increased in Down's syndrome tissues and in a mouse model of Down's syndrome. Furthermore, we show that the modest increase in expression afforded by a single extra transgenic copy of Dscr1 is sufficient to confer significant suppression of tumour growth in mice, and that such resistance is a consequence of a deficit in tumour angiogenesis arising from suppression of the calcineurin pathway. We also provide evidence that attenuation of calcineurin activity by DSCR1, together with another chromosome 21 gene Dyrk1a, may be sufficient to markedly diminish angiogenesis. These data provide a mechanism for the reduced cancer incidence in Down's syndrome and identify the calcineurin signalling pathway, and its regulators DSCR1 and DYRK1A, as potential therapeutic targets in cancers arising in all individuals.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2724004/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2724004/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Baek, Kwan-Hyuck -- Zaslavsky, Alexander -- Lynch, Ryan C -- Britt, Carmella -- Okada, Yoshiaki -- Siarey, Richard J -- Lensch, M William -- Park, In-Hyun -- Yoon, Sam S -- Minami, Takashi -- Korenberg, Julie R -- Folkman, Judah -- Daley, George Q -- Aird, William C -- Galdzicki, Zygmunt -- Ryeom, Sandra -- R01 CA118374/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA118374-01A2/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jun 25;459(7250):1126-30. doi: 10.1038/nature08062. Epub 2009 May 20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19458618" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Calcineurin/metabolism ; Catechols ; Cells, Cultured ; Disease Models, Animal ; Down Syndrome/*genetics/metabolism ; Endothelial Cells/metabolism ; Gene Dosage/genetics ; Humans ; Inositol/*genetics ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/*genetics/*metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Muscle Proteins/*genetics/*metabolism ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 67
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Epigenetic reversion of post-implantation epiblast to pluripotent embryonic stem cells (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-10-10
    Description: The pluripotent state, which is first established in the primitive ectoderm cells of blastocysts, is lost progressively and irreversibly during subsequent development. For example, development of post-implantation epiblast cells from primitive ectoderm involves significant transcriptional and epigenetic changes, including DNA methylation and X chromosome inactivation, which create a robust epigenetic barrier and prevent their reversion to a primitive-ectoderm-like state. Epiblast cells are refractory to leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF)-STAT3 signalling, but they respond to activin/basic fibroblast growth factor to form self-renewing epiblast stem cells (EpiSCs), which exhibit essential properties of epiblast cells and that differ from embryonic stem (ES) cells derived from primitive ectoderm. Here we show reprogramming of advanced epiblast cells from embryonic day 5.5-7.5 mouse embryos with uniform expression of N-cadherin and inactive X chromosome to ES-cell-like cells (rESCs) in response to LIF-STAT3 signalling. Cultured epiblast cells overcome the epigenetic barrier progressively as they proceed with the erasure of key properties of epiblast cells, resulting in DNA demethylation, X reactivation and expression of E-cadherin. The accompanying changes in the transcriptome result in a loss of phenotypic and epigenetic memory of epiblast cells. Using this approach, we report reversion of established EpiSCs to rESCs. Moreover, unlike epiblast and EpiSCs, rESCs contribute to somatic tissues and germ cells in chimaeras. Further studies may reveal how signalling-induced epigenetic reprogramming may promote reacquisition of pluripotency.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3863718/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3863718/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bao, Siqin -- Tang, Fuchou -- Li, Xihe -- Hayashi, Katsuhiko -- Gillich, Astrid -- Lao, Kaiqin -- Surani, M Azim -- 083089/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- G0800784/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- England -- Nature. 2009 Oct 29;461(7268):1292-5. doi: 10.1038/nature08534.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QN, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19816418" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biomarkers/metabolism ; Cadherins/metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Cellular Reprogramming ; DNA Methylation ; Ectoderm/cytology ; Embryo, Mammalian/cytology ; *Embryonic Development ; Embryonic Stem Cells/*cytology/*metabolism ; *Epigenesis, Genetic ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Germ Layers/*cytology/metabolism ; Leukemia Inhibitory Factor/metabolism ; Mice ; Pluripotent Stem Cells/*cytology/*metabolism ; STAT3 Transcription Factor/metabolism ; Y Chromosome/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 68
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Chromatin remodelling factor Mll1 is essential for neurogenesis from postnatal neural stem cells (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-02-13
    Description: Epigenetic mechanisms that maintain neurogenesis throughout adult life remain poorly understood. Trithorax group (trxG) and Polycomb group (PcG) gene products are part of an evolutionarily conserved chromatin remodelling system that activate or silence gene expression, respectively. Although PcG member Bmi1 has been shown to be required for postnatal neural stem cell self-renewal, the role of trxG genes remains unknown. Here we show that the trxG member Mll1 (mixed-lineage leukaemia 1) is required for neurogenesis in the mouse postnatal brain. Mll1-deficient subventricular zone neural stem cells survive, proliferate and efficiently differentiate into glial lineages; however, neuronal differentiation is severely impaired. In Mll1-deficient cells, early proneural Mash1 (also known as Ascl1) and gliogenic Olig2 expression are preserved, but Dlx2, a key downstream regulator of subventricular zone neurogenesis, is not expressed. Overexpression of Dlx2 can rescue neurogenesis in Mll1-deficient cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation demonstrates that Dlx2 is a direct target of MLL in subventricular zone cells. In differentiating wild-type subventricular zone cells, Mash1, Olig2 and Dlx2 loci have high levels of histone 3 trimethylated at lysine 4 (H3K4me3), consistent with their transcription. In contrast, in Mll1-deficient subventricular zone cells, chromatin at Dlx2 is bivalently marked by both H3K4me3 and histone 3 trimethylated at lysine 27 (H3K27me3), and the Dlx2 gene fails to properly activate. These data support a model in which Mll1 is required to resolve key silenced bivalent loci in postnatal neural precursors to the actively transcribed state for the induction of neurogenesis, but not for gliogenesis.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3800116/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3800116/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lim, Daniel A -- Huang, Yin-Cheng -- Swigut, Tomek -- Mirick, Anika L -- Garcia-Verdugo, Jose Manuel -- Wysocka, Joanna -- Ernst, Patricia -- Alvarez-Buylla, Arturo -- 5R37-NS028478/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R37 NS028478/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Mar 26;458(7237):529-33. doi: 10.1038/nature07726. Epub 2009 Feb 11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Street M779, San Francisco, California 94143, USA. limd@neurosurg.ucsf.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19212323" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Lineage ; Cell Proliferation ; Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; Chromatin/*metabolism ; *Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly ; Chromatin Immunoprecipitation ; Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase ; Histones/metabolism ; Homeodomain Proteins/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Methylation ; Mice ; Myeloid-Lymphoid Leukemia Protein/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/metabolism ; *Neurogenesis ; Neuroglia/cytology/metabolism ; Neurons/*cytology/metabolism ; Olfactory Bulb/cytology/metabolism ; Stem Cells/*cytology/metabolism ; Transcription Factors/chemistry/genetics/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 69
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Effector T cell interactions with meningeal vascular structures in nascent autoimmune CNS lesions (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-10-16
    Description: The tissues of the central nervous system are effectively shielded from the blood circulation by specialized vessels that are impermeable not only to cells, but also to most macromolecules circulating in the blood. Despite this seemingly absolute seclusion, central nervous system tissues are subject to immune surveillance and are vulnerable to autoimmune attacks. Using intravital two-photon imaging in a Lewis rat model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, here we present in real-time the interactive processes between effector T cells and cerebral structures from their first arrival to manifest autoimmune disease. We observed that incoming effector T cells successively scanned three planes. The T cells got arrested to leptomeningeal vessels and immediately monitored the luminal surface, crawling preferentially against the blood flow. After diapedesis, the cells continued their scan on the abluminal vascular surface and the underlying leptomeningeal (pial) membrane. There, the T cells encountered phagocytes that effectively present antigens, foreign as well as myelin proteins. These contacts stimulated the effector T cells to produce pro-inflammatory mediators, and provided a trigger to tissue invasion and the formation of inflammatory infiltrations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bartholomaus, Ingo -- Kawakami, Naoto -- Odoardi, Francesca -- Schlager, Christian -- Miljkovic, Djordje -- Ellwart, Joachim W -- Klinkert, Wolfgang E F -- Flugel-Koch, Cassandra -- Issekutz, Thomas B -- Wekerle, Hartmut -- Flugel, Alexander -- England -- Nature. 2009 Nov 5;462(7269):94-8. doi: 10.1038/nature08478. Epub 2009 Oct 14.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Max Planck Institute for Neurobiology, 82152 Martinsried, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19829296" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigen-Presenting Cells/immunology ; Antigens/immunology ; Cell Movement ; Cells, Cultured ; Central Nervous System Diseases/*immunology/*pathology ; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/*immunology/*pathology ; Meninges/*blood supply/*immunology/pathology ; Mice ; Ovalbumin/immunology ; Phagocytes/immunology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Lew ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 70
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Haematopoietic malignancies caused by dysregulation of a chromatin-binding PHD finger (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-05-12
    Description: Histone H3 lysine 4 methylation (H3K4me) has been proposed as a critical component in regulating gene expression, epigenetic states, and cellular identities1. The biological meaning of H3K4me is interpreted by conserved modules including plant homeodomain (PHD) fingers that recognize varied H3K4me states. The dysregulation of PHD fingers has been implicated in several human diseases, including cancers and immune or neurological disorders. Here we report that fusing an H3K4-trimethylation (H3K4me3)-binding PHD finger, such as the carboxy-terminal PHD finger of PHF23 or JARID1A (also known as KDM5A or RBBP2), to a common fusion partner nucleoporin-98 (NUP98) as identified in human leukaemias, generated potent oncoproteins that arrested haematopoietic differentiation and induced acute myeloid leukaemia in murine models. In these processes, a PHD finger that specifically recognizes H3K4me3/2 marks was essential for leukaemogenesis. Mutations in PHD fingers that abrogated H3K4me3 binding also abolished leukaemic transformation. NUP98-PHD fusion prevented the differentiation-associated removal of H3K4me3 at many loci encoding lineage-specific transcription factors (Hox(s), Gata3, Meis1, Eya1 and Pbx1), and enforced their active gene transcription in murine haematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Mechanistically, NUP98-PHD fusions act as 'chromatin boundary factors', dominating over polycomb-mediated gene silencing to 'lock' developmentally critical loci into an active chromatin state (H3K4me3 with induced histone acetylation), a state that defined leukaemia stem cells. Collectively, our studies represent, to our knowledge, the first report that deregulation of the PHD finger, an 'effector' of specific histone modification, perturbs the epigenetic dynamics on developmentally critical loci, catastrophizes cellular fate decision-making, and even causes oncogenesis during mammalian development.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2697266/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2697266/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wang, Gang G -- Song, Jikui -- Wang, Zhanxin -- Dormann, Holger L -- Casadio, Fabio -- Li, Haitao -- Luo, Jun-Li -- Patel, Dinshaw J -- Allis, C David -- K99 CA151683/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R37 GM053512/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R37 GM053512-30/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jun 11;459(7248):847-51. doi: 10.1038/nature08036.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Chromatin Biology & Epigenetics, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19430464" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Motifs/genetics/physiology ; Animals ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Cells, Cultured ; Chromatin/*metabolism ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Genes, Homeobox/genetics ; Hematologic Neoplasms/genetics/*metabolism/*pathology ; Hematopoiesis/genetics ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/metabolism/pathology ; Histones/chemistry/metabolism ; Humans ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/*chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Lysine/metabolism ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Methylation ; Mice ; Models, Molecular ; Nuclear Pore Complex Proteins/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/*chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Protein Conformation ; Retinoblastoma-Binding Protein 2 ; Transcription, Genetic ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins/*chemistry/genetics/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 71
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Chd1 regulates open chromatin and pluripotency of embryonic stem cells (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-07-10
    Description: An open chromatin largely devoid of heterochromatin is a hallmark of stem cells. It remains unknown whether an open chromatin is necessary for the differentiation potential of stem cells, and which molecules are needed to maintain open chromatin. Here we show that the chromatin remodelling factor Chd1 is required to maintain the open chromatin of pluripotent mouse embryonic stem cells. Chd1 is a euchromatin protein that associates with the promoters of active genes, and downregulation of Chd1 leads to accumulation of heterochromatin. Chd1-deficient embryonic stem cells are no longer pluripotent, because they are incapable of giving rise to primitive endoderm and have a high propensity for neural differentiation. Furthermore, Chd1 is required for efficient reprogramming of fibroblasts to the pluripotent stem cell state. Our results indicate that Chd1 is essential for open chromatin and pluripotency of embryonic stem cells, and for somatic cell reprogramming to the pluripotent state.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3891576/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3891576/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gaspar-Maia, Alexandre -- Alajem, Adi -- Polesso, Fanny -- Sridharan, Rupa -- Mason, Mike J -- Heidersbach, Amy -- Ramalho-Santos, Joao -- McManus, Michael T -- Plath, Kathrin -- Meshorer, Eran -- Ramalho-Santos, Miguel -- DP2 OD004698/OD/NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM080783/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM080783-01/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM080783-02/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM080783-03/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM080783-04/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM080783-05/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Aug 13;460(7257):863-8. doi: 10.1038/nature08212. Epub 2009 Jul 8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Ob/Gyn and Pathology, Center for Reproductive Sciences and Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, California 94143-0525, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19587682" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biomarkers ; Cell Proliferation ; Cells, Cultured ; Cellular Reprogramming ; *Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly ; DNA-Binding Proteins/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Embryonic Stem Cells/*cytology/*metabolism ; Endoderm/metabolism ; Euchromatin/genetics/*metabolism ; Fibroblasts/cytology/metabolism ; GATA6 Transcription Factor/genetics/metabolism ; Histones/metabolism ; Methylation ; Mice ; Neurogenesis ; Neurons/cytology/metabolism ; Octamer Transcription Factor-3/genetics ; Pluripotent Stem Cells/*cytology/*metabolism ; Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics ; RNA Interference
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 72
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Casein kinase 1alpha governs antigen-receptor-induced NF-kappaB activation and human lymphoma cell survival (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-01-02
    Description: The transcription factor NF-kappaB is required for lymphocyte activation and proliferation as well as the survival of certain lymphoma types. Antigen receptor stimulation assembles an NF-kappaB activating platform containing the scaffold protein CARMA1 (also called CARD11), the adaptor BCL10 and the paracaspase MALT1 (the CBM complex), linked to the inhibitor of NF-kappaB kinase complex, but signal transduction is not fully understood. We conducted parallel screens involving a mass spectrometry analysis of CARMA1 binding partners and an RNA interference screen for growth inhibition of the CBM-dependent 'activated B-cell-like' (ABC) subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Here we report that both screens identified casein kinase 1alpha (CK1alpha) as a bifunctional regulator of NF-kappaB. CK1alpha dynamically associates with the CBM complex on T-cell-receptor (TCR) engagement to participate in cytokine production and lymphocyte proliferation. However, CK1alpha kinase activity has a contrasting role by subsequently promoting the phosphorylation and inactivation of CARMA1. CK1alpha has thus a dual 'gating' function which first promotes and then terminates receptor-induced NF-kappaB. ABC DLBCL cells required CK1alpha for constitutive NF-kappaB activity, indicating that CK1alpha functions as a conditionally essential malignancy gene-a member of a new class of potential cancer therapeutic targets.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2688735/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2688735/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bidere, Nicolas -- Ngo, Vu N -- Lee, Jeansun -- Collins, Cailin -- Zheng, Lixin -- Wan, Fengyi -- Davis, R Eric -- Lenz, Georg -- Anderson, D Eric -- Arnoult, Damien -- Vazquez, Aime -- Sakai, Keiko -- Zhang, Jun -- Meng, Zhaojing -- Veenstra, Timothy D -- Staudt, Louis M -- Lenardo, Michael J -- NIH0011349228/PHS HHS/ -- Intramural NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Mar 5;458(7234):92-6. doi: 10.1038/nature07613. Epub 2008 Dec 31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Molecular Development Section, Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19118383" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism ; CARD Signaling Adaptor Proteins/metabolism ; Casein Kinases/*metabolism ; Caspases/metabolism ; Cell Proliferation ; Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; Feedback, Physiological ; Guanylate Cyclase/metabolism ; Humans ; I-kappa B Kinase/metabolism ; Jurkat Cells ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/enzymology/*metabolism/*pathology ; NF-kappa B/*metabolism ; Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Receptors, Antigen/*metabolism ; Signal Transduction
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 73
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    A p53-mediated DNA damage response limits reprogramming to ensure iPS cell genomic integrity (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-08-12
    Description: The reprogramming of differentiated cells to pluripotent cells (induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells) is known to be an inefficient process. We recently reported that cells with short telomeres cannot be reprogrammed to iPS cells despite their normal proliferation rates, probably reflecting the existence of 'reprogramming barriers' that abort the reprogramming of cells with uncapped telomeres. Here we show that p53 (also known as Trp53 in mice and TP53 in humans) is critically involved in preventing the reprogramming of cells carrying various types of DNA damage, including short telomeres, DNA repair deficiencies, or exogenously inflicted DNA damage. Reprogramming in the presence of pre-existing, but tolerated, DNA damage is aborted by the activation of a DNA damage response and p53-dependent apoptosis. Abrogation of p53 allows efficient reprogramming in the face of DNA damage and the generation of iPS cells carrying persistent DNA damage and chromosomal aberrations. These observations indicate that during reprogramming cells increase their intolerance to different types of DNA damage and that p53 is critical in preventing the generation of human and mouse pluripotent cells from suboptimal parental cells.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3624089/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3624089/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marion, Rosa M -- Strati, Katerina -- Li, Han -- Murga, Matilde -- Blanco, Raquel -- Ortega, Sagrario -- Fernandez-Capetillo, Oscar -- Serrano, Manuel -- Blasco, Maria A -- 232854/European Research Council/International -- England -- Nature. 2009 Aug 27;460(7259):1149-53. doi: 10.1038/nature08287. Epub 2009 Aug 9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Telomeres and Telomerase Group, Molecular Oncology Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Melchor Fernandez Almagro 3, Madrid E-28029, Spain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19668189" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Apoptosis ; Cells, Cultured ; Cellular Reprogramming/*physiology ; Chromosome Aberrations ; DNA Damage/genetics/*physiology ; DNA Repair ; Female ; Fibroblasts/cytology/metabolism ; Genomic Instability/genetics/*physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Pluripotent Stem Cells/*cytology/*metabolism ; Telomere/genetics/metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 74
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    An inhibitor of NEDD8-activating enzyme as a new approach to treat cancer (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-04-11
    Description: The clinical development of an inhibitor of cellular proteasome function suggests that compounds targeting other components of the ubiquitin-proteasome system might prove useful for the treatment of human malignancies. NEDD8-activating enzyme (NAE) is an essential component of the NEDD8 conjugation pathway that controls the activity of the cullin-RING subtype of ubiquitin ligases, thereby regulating the turnover of a subset of proteins upstream of the proteasome. Substrates of cullin-RING ligases have important roles in cellular processes associated with cancer cell growth and survival pathways. Here we describe MLN4924, a potent and selective inhibitor of NAE. MLN4924 disrupts cullin-RING ligase-mediated protein turnover leading to apoptotic death in human tumour cells by a new mechanism of action, the deregulation of S-phase DNA synthesis. MLN4924 suppressed the growth of human tumour xenografts in mice at compound exposures that were well tolerated. Our data suggest that NAE inhibitors may hold promise for the treatment of cancer.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Soucy, Teresa A -- Smith, Peter G -- Milhollen, Michael A -- Berger, Allison J -- Gavin, James M -- Adhikari, Sharmila -- Brownell, James E -- Burke, Kristine E -- Cardin, David P -- Critchley, Stephen -- Cullis, Courtney A -- Doucette, Amanda -- Garnsey, James J -- Gaulin, Jeffrey L -- Gershman, Rachel E -- Lublinsky, Anna R -- McDonald, Alice -- Mizutani, Hirotake -- Narayanan, Usha -- Olhava, Edward J -- Peluso, Stephane -- Rezaei, Mansoureh -- Sintchak, Michael D -- Talreja, Tina -- Thomas, Michael P -- Traore, Tary -- Vyskocil, Stepan -- Weatherhead, Gabriel S -- Yu, Jie -- Zhang, Julie -- Dick, Lawrence R -- Claiborne, Christopher F -- Rolfe, Mark -- Bolen, Joseph B -- Langston, Steven P -- England -- Nature. 2009 Apr 9;458(7239):732-6. doi: 10.1038/nature07884.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Discovery, Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 40 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. teresa.soucy@mpi.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19360080" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents/*pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cells, Cultured ; Cullin Proteins/metabolism ; Cyclopentanes/*pharmacology ; Enzyme Inhibitors/*pharmacology ; Female ; Humans ; Mice ; Neoplasms/*drug therapy ; Proteasome Inhibitors ; Pyrimidines/*pharmacology ; Transplantation, Heterologous ; Ubiquitin-Activating Enzymes/*metabolism ; Ubiquitins/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 75
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Virus-free induction of pluripotency and subsequent excision of reprogramming factors (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-03-03
    Description: Reprogramming of somatic cells to pluripotency, thereby creating induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, promises to transform regenerative medicine. Most instances of direct reprogramming have been achieved by forced expression of defined factors using multiple viral vectors. However, such iPS cells contain a large number of viral vector integrations, any one of which could cause unpredictable genetic dysfunction. Whereas c-Myc is dispensable for reprogramming, complete elimination of the other exogenous factors is also desired because ectopic expression of either Oct4 (also known as Pou5f1) or Klf4 can induce dysplasia. Two transient transfection-reprogramming methods have been published to address this issue. However, the efficiency of both approaches is extremely low, and neither has been applied successfully to human cells so far. Here we show that non-viral transfection of a single multiprotein expression vector, which comprises the coding sequences of c-Myc, Klf4, Oct4 and Sox2 linked with 2A peptides, can reprogram both mouse and human fibroblasts. Moreover, the transgene can be removed once reprogramming has been achieved. iPS cells produced with this non-viral vector show robust expression of pluripotency markers, indicating a reprogrammed state confirmed functionally by in vitro differentiation assays and formation of adult chimaeric mice. When the single-vector reprogramming system was combined with a piggyBac transposon, we succeeded in establishing reprogrammed human cell lines from embryonic fibroblasts with robust expression of pluripotency markers. This system minimizes genome modification in iPS cells and enables complete elimination of exogenous reprogramming factors, efficiently providing iPS cells that are applicable to regenerative medicine, drug screening and the establishment of disease models.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2667910/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2667910/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaji, Keisuke -- Norrby, Katherine -- Paca, Agnieszka -- Mileikovsky, Maria -- Mohseni, Paria -- Woltjen, Knut -- G0700672/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G0700672(82649)/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- England -- Nature. 2009 Apr 9;458(7239):771-5. doi: 10.1038/nature07864. Epub 2009 Mar 1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JQ, UK. keisuke.kaji@ed.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19252477" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biomarkers/analysis ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Cellular Reprogramming/*genetics ; Fibroblasts/cytology ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Genetic Vectors/*genetics ; Humans ; Mice ; Pluripotent Stem Cells/*cytology/metabolism ; Transfection/*methods ; Transgenes/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 76
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Initiation of myoblast to brown fat switch by a PRDM16-C/EBP-beta transcriptional complex (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-07-31
    Description: Brown adipose cells are specialized to dissipate chemical energy in the form of heat, as a physiological defence against cold and obesity. PRDM16 (PR domain containing 16) is a 140 kDa zinc finger protein that robustly induces brown fat determination and differentiation. Recent data suggests that brown fat cells arise in vivo from a Myf5-positive, myoblastic lineage by the action of PRDM16 (ref. 3); however, the molecular mechanisms responsible for this developmental switch is unclear. Here we show that PRDM16 forms a transcriptional complex with the active form of C/EBP-beta (also known as LAP), acting as a critical molecular unit that controls the cell fate switch from myoblastic precursors to brown fat cells. Forced expression of PRDM16 and C/EBP-beta is sufficient to induce a fully functional brown fat program in naive fibroblastic cells, including skin fibroblasts from mouse and man. Transplantation of fibroblasts expressing these two factors into mice gives rise to an ectopic fat pad with the morphological and biochemical characteristics of brown fat. Like endogenous brown fat, this synthetic brown fat tissue acts as a sink for glucose uptake, as determined by positron emission tomography with fluorodeoxyglucose. These data indicate that the PRDM16-C/EBP-beta complex initiates brown fat formation from myoblastic precursors, and may provide opportunities for the development of new therapeutics for obesity and type-2 diabetes.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2754867/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2754867/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kajimura, Shingo -- Seale, Patrick -- Kubota, Kazuishi -- Lunsford, Elaine -- Frangioni, John V -- Gygi, Steven P -- Spiegelman, Bruce M -- DK081605/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK31405/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- GM67945/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HG3456/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- K99 DK087853/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R37 DK031405/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R37 DK031405-28/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- S10-RR-023010/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Aug 27;460(7259):1154-8. doi: 10.1038/nature08262. Epub 2009 Jul 29.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, 44 Binney Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19641492" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adipose Tissue, Brown/*cytology/*metabolism ; Animals ; CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta/genetics/*metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Choristoma/metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Fibroblasts/cytology/metabolism ; Glucose/metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Multiprotein Complexes ; Myoblasts/*cytology/*metabolism ; Skin/cytology ; Transcription Factors/genetics/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 77
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    piggyBac transposition reprograms fibroblasts to induced pluripotent stem cells (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-03-03
    Description: Transgenic expression of just four defined transcription factors (c-Myc, Klf4, Oct4 and Sox2) is sufficient to reprogram somatic cells to a pluripotent state. The resulting induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells resemble embryonic stem cells in their properties and potential to differentiate into a spectrum of adult cell types. Current reprogramming strategies involve retroviral, lentiviral, adenoviral and plasmid transfection to deliver reprogramming factor transgenes. Although the latter two methods are transient and minimize the potential for insertion mutagenesis, they are currently limited by diminished reprogramming efficiencies. piggyBac (PB) transposition is host-factor independent, and has recently been demonstrated to be functional in various human and mouse cell lines. The PB transposon/transposase system requires only the inverted terminal repeats flanking a transgene and transient expression of the transposase enzyme to catalyse insertion or excision events. Here we demonstrate successful and efficient reprogramming of murine and human embryonic fibroblasts using doxycycline-inducible transcription factors delivered by PB transposition. Stable iPS cells thus generated express characteristic pluripotency markers and succeed in a series of rigorous differentiation assays. By taking advantage of the natural propensity of the PB system for seamless excision, we show that the individual PB insertions can be removed from established iPS cell lines, providing an invaluable tool for discovery. In addition, we have demonstrated the traceless removal of reprogramming factors joined with viral 2A sequences delivered by a single transposon from murine iPS lines. We anticipate that the unique properties of this virus-independent simplification of iPS cell production will accelerate this field further towards full exploration of the reprogramming process and future cell-based therapies.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3758996/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3758996/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Woltjen, Knut -- Michael, Iacovos P -- Mohseni, Paria -- Desai, Ridham -- Mileikovsky, Maria -- Hamalainen, Riikka -- Cowling, Rebecca -- Wang, Wei -- Liu, Pentao -- Gertsenstein, Marina -- Kaji, Keisuke -- Sung, Hoon-Ki -- Nagy, Andras -- 077186/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- G0700672/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- England -- Nature. 2009 Apr 9;458(7239):766-70. doi: 10.1038/nature07863. Epub 2009 Mar 1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19252478" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Cell Differentiation ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Cellular Reprogramming/*genetics ; DNA Transposable Elements ; Fibroblasts/*cytology/*physiology/virology ; Gene Order ; Gene Transfer Techniques ; Genetic Vectors/*genetics ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Pluripotent Stem Cells/*physiology ; Sequence Alignment ; Transcription Factors/genetics ; Transgenes/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 78
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Complex landscapes of somatic rearrangement in human breast cancer genomes (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-12-25
    Description: Multiple somatic rearrangements are often found in cancer genomes; however, the underlying processes of rearrangement and their contribution to cancer development are poorly characterized. Here we use a paired-end sequencing strategy to identify somatic rearrangements in breast cancer genomes. There are more rearrangements in some breast cancers than previously appreciated. Rearrangements are more frequent over gene footprints and most are intrachromosomal. Multiple rearrangement architectures are present, but tandem duplications are particularly common in some cancers, perhaps reflecting a specific defect in DNA maintenance. Short overlapping sequences at most rearrangement junctions indicate that these have been mediated by non-homologous end-joining DNA repair, although varying sequence patterns indicate that multiple processes of this type are operative. Several expressed in-frame fusion genes were identified but none was recurrent. The study provides a new perspective on cancer genomes, highlighting the diversity of somatic rearrangements and their potential contribution to cancer development.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3398135/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3398135/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stephens, Philip J -- McBride, David J -- Lin, Meng-Lay -- Varela, Ignacio -- Pleasance, Erin D -- Simpson, Jared T -- Stebbings, Lucy A -- Leroy, Catherine -- Edkins, Sarah -- Mudie, Laura J -- Greenman, Chris D -- Jia, Mingming -- Latimer, Calli -- Teague, Jon W -- Lau, King Wai -- Burton, John -- Quail, Michael A -- Swerdlow, Harold -- Churcher, Carol -- Natrajan, Rachael -- Sieuwerts, Anieta M -- Martens, John W M -- Silver, Daniel P -- Langerod, Anita -- Russnes, Hege E G -- Foekens, John A -- Reis-Filho, Jorge S -- van 't Veer, Laura -- Richardson, Andrea L -- Borresen-Dale, Anne-Lise -- Campbell, Peter J -- Futreal, P Andrew -- Stratton, Michael R -- 077012/Z/05/Z/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 088340/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- CA089393/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Dec 24;462(7276):1005-10. doi: 10.1038/nature08645.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20033038" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Breast Neoplasms/*genetics ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cells, Cultured ; *Chromosome Aberrations ; DNA Breaks ; Female ; Gene Rearrangement/*genetics ; Genome, Human/*genetics ; Genomic Library ; Humans ; Sequence Analysis, DNA
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 79
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Regulation of inflammatory responses by gut microbiota and chemoattractant receptor GPR43 (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-10-30
    Description: The immune system responds to pathogens by a variety of pattern recognition molecules such as the Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which promote recognition of dangerous foreign pathogens. However, recent evidence indicates that normal intestinal microbiota might also positively influence immune responses, and protect against the development of inflammatory diseases. One of these elements may be short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which are produced by fermentation of dietary fibre by intestinal microbiota. A feature of human ulcerative colitis and other colitic diseases is a change in 'healthy' microbiota such as Bifidobacterium and Bacteriodes, and a concurrent reduction in SCFAs. Moreover, increased intake of fermentable dietary fibre, or SCFAs, seems to be clinically beneficial in the treatment of colitis. SCFAs bind the G-protein-coupled receptor 43 (GPR43, also known as FFAR2), and here we show that SCFA-GPR43 interactions profoundly affect inflammatory responses. Stimulation of GPR43 by SCFAs was necessary for the normal resolution of certain inflammatory responses, because GPR43-deficient (Gpr43(-/-)) mice showed exacerbated or unresolving inflammation in models of colitis, arthritis and asthma. This seemed to relate to increased production of inflammatory mediators by Gpr43(-/-) immune cells, and increased immune cell recruitment. Germ-free mice, which are devoid of bacteria and express little or no SCFAs, showed a similar dysregulation of certain inflammatory responses. GPR43 binding of SCFAs potentially provides a molecular link between diet, gastrointestinal bacterial metabolism, and immune and inflammatory responses.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3256734/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3256734/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maslowski, Kendle M -- Vieira, Angelica T -- Ng, Aylwin -- Kranich, Jan -- Sierro, Frederic -- Yu, Di -- Schilter, Heidi C -- Rolph, Michael S -- Mackay, Fabienne -- Artis, David -- Xavier, Ramnik J -- Teixeira, Mauro M -- Mackay, Charles R -- P30 DK040561/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P30 DK040561-14/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI061570/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI061570-06/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI074878/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI074878-02/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI095466/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL088297/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL088297-02/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Oct 29;461(7268):1282-6. doi: 10.1038/nature08530.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19865172" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetates/therapeutic use ; Animals ; Arthritis/metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Chemotactic Factors/*metabolism ; Colitis/drug therapy/metabolism/microbiology ; Fatty Acids, Volatile/metabolism ; Germ-Free Life ; Humans ; Inflammation/drug therapy/*metabolism/*microbiology ; Intestines/*microbiology ; Metagenome ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Neutrophils/metabolism ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Protein Array Analysis ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/deficiency/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 80
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Society for Cell Biology. Sprayed-on growth factors guide stem cells (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-12-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Leslie, Mitch -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Dec 22;314(5807):1865.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17185579" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bone Morphogenetic Proteins/*pharmacology ; Bone and Bones/*cytology ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Lineage ; Cells, Cultured ; Extracellular Matrix ; Myoblasts/cytology ; Rats ; Stem Cells/*cytology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 81
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    A regulatory SNP causes a human genetic disease by creating a new transcriptional promoter (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-05-27
    Description: We describe a pathogenetic mechanism underlying a variant form of the inherited blood disorder alpha thalassemia. Association studies of affected individuals from Melanesia localized the disease trait to the telomeric region of human chromosome 16, which includes the alpha-globin gene cluster, but no molecular defects were detected by conventional approaches. After resequencing and using a combination of chromatin immunoprecipitation and expression analysis on a tiled oligonucleotide array, we identified a gain-of-function regulatory single-nucleotide polymorphism (rSNP) in a nongenic region between the alpha-globin genes and their upstream regulatory elements. The rSNP creates a new promoterlike element that interferes with normal activation of all downstream alpha-like globin genes. Thus, our work illustrates a strategy for distinguishing between neutral and functionally important rSNPs, and it also identifies a pathogenetic mechanism that could potentially underlie other genetic diseases.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉De Gobbi, Marco -- Viprakasit, Vip -- Hughes, Jim R -- Fisher, Chris -- Buckle, Veronica J -- Ayyub, Helena -- Gibbons, Richard J -- Vernimmen, Douglas -- Yoshinaga, Yuko -- de Jong, Pieter -- Cheng, Jan-Fang -- Rubin, Edward M -- Wood, William G -- Bowden, Don -- Higgs, Douglas R -- MC_U137961143/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- MC_U137961145/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- MC_U137961147/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 May 26;312(5777):1215-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Medical Research Council Molecular Haematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16728641" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Binding Sites ; Cells, Cultured ; Chromatin Immunoprecipitation ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16/*genetics ; Erythroblasts ; GATA1 Transcription Factor/metabolism ; Gene Expression ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Globins/*genetics ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Melanesia ; Minisatellite Repeats ; Multigene Family ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; *Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; *Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Regulatory Elements, Transcriptional ; Transcription, Genetic ; alpha-Thalassemia/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 82
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Role of iNOS in human host defense (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-07-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nathan, Carl -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Jun 30;312(5782):1874-5; author reply 1874-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16809512" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bacterial Infections/enzymology/*immunology ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Humans ; Macrophages/cytology/*enzymology ; Mice ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II/biosynthesis/*metabolism ; Tuberculosis/enzymology/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 83
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Ca2+ entry through plasma membrane IP3 receptors (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-07-15
    Description: Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) release calcium ions, Ca2+, from intracellular stores, but their roles in mediating Ca2+ entry are unclear. IP3 stimulated opening of very few (1.9 +/- 0.2 per cell) Ca2+-permeable channels in whole-cell patch-clamp recording of DT40 chicken or mouse B cells. Activation of the B cell receptor (BCR) in perforated-patch recordings evoked the same response. IP3 failed to stimulate intracellular or plasma membrane (PM) channels in cells lacking IP3R. Expression of IP3R restored both responses. Mutations within the pore affected the conductances of IP3-activated PM and intracellular channels similarly. An impermeant pore mutant abolished BCR-evoked Ca2+ signals, and PM IP3Rs were undetectable. After introduction of an alpha-bungarotoxin binding site near the pore, PM IP3Rs were modulated by extracellular alpha-bungarotoxin. IP(3)Rs are unusual among endoplasmic reticulum proteins in being also functionally expressed at the PM, where very few IP3Rs contribute substantially to the Ca2+ entry evoked by the BCR.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dellis, Olivier -- Dedos, Skarlatos G -- Tovey, Stephen C -- Taufiq-Ur-Rahman -- Dubel, Stefan J -- Taylor, Colin W -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Jul 14;313(5784):229-33.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pharmacology, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1PD, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16840702" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; B-Lymphocytes/metabolism ; Bungarotoxins/metabolism/pharmacology ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Calcium Channels/genetics/*metabolism ; *Calcium Signaling ; Cell Membrane/*metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Chickens ; Electric Conductivity ; Endoplasmic Reticulum/metabolism ; Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate/metabolism ; Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors ; *Ion Channel Gating ; Mice ; Nuclear Envelope/metabolism ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Point Mutation ; Rats ; Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell/metabolism ; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/antagonists & inhibitors/genetics/*metabolism ; Transfection
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 84
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Microbiology. Breaking the barrier between commensalism and pathogenicity (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-08-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hayashi, Tetsuya -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Aug 11;313(5788):772-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Bioenvironmental Science, Frontier Science Research Center, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kiyotake, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan. thayash@med.miyazaki-u.ac.jp〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16902117" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Death ; Cells, Cultured ; Colon/cytology/microbiology ; *DNA Damage ; Escherichia coli/classification/genetics/*pathogenicity/*physiology ; *Genomic Islands ; Humans ; Intestinal Mucosa/cytology/microbiology ; Mutagens/*metabolism ; Peptides/*metabolism ; Polyketide Synthases/genetics/metabolism ; Virulence Factors/*biosynthesis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 85
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Activity-dependent regulation of MEF2 transcription factors suppresses excitatory synapse number (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-18
    Description: In the mammalian nervous system, neuronal activity regulates the strength and number of synapses formed. The genetic program that coordinates this process is poorly understood. We show that myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2) transcription factors suppressed excitatory synapse number in a neuronal activity- and calcineurin-dependent manner as hippocampal neurons formed synapses. In response to increased neuronal activity, calcium influx into neurons induced the activation of the calcium/calmodulin-regulated phosphatase calcineurin, which dephosphorylated and activated MEF2. When activated, MEF2 promoted the transcription of a set of genes, including arc and synGAP, that restrict synapse number. These findings define an activity-dependent transcriptional program that may control synapse number during development.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Flavell, Steven W -- Cowan, Christopher W -- Kim, Tae-Kyung -- Greer, Paul L -- Lin, Yingxi -- Paradis, Suzanne -- Griffith, Eric C -- Hu, Linda S -- Chen, Chinfei -- Greenberg, Michael E -- AG05870/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- HD18655/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- NS28829/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 EY013613/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Feb 17;311(5763):1008-12.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Neurobiology Program, Children's Hospital, and Departments of Neurology and Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16484497" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Calcineurin/metabolism ; Calcium/metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytoskeletal Proteins/genetics ; Dendrites/physiology/ultrastructure ; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials ; GTPase-Activating Proteins/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Glutamic Acid/metabolism ; Hippocampus/cytology/*physiology ; MEF2 Transcription Factors ; Mutation ; Myogenic Regulatory Factors/genetics/*physiology ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics ; Neurons/*physiology ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Phosphorylation ; RNA Interference ; Rats ; Rats, Long-Evans ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; Synapses/*physiology ; Synaptic Transmission ; Transcription, Genetic ; Transfection
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 86
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Muscular thin films for building actuators and powering devices (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-09-08
    Description: We demonstrate the assembly of biohybrid materials from engineered tissues and synthetic polymer thin films. The constructs were built by culturing neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes on polydimethylsiloxane thin films micropatterned with extracellular matrix proteins to promote spatially ordered, two-dimensional myogenesis. The constructs, termed muscular thin films, adopted functional, three-dimensional conformations when released from a thermally sensitive polymer substrate and were designed to perform biomimetic tasks by varying tissue architecture, thin-film shape, and electrical-pacing protocol. These centimeter-scale constructs perform functions as diverse as gripping, pumping, walking, and swimming with fine spatial and temporal control and generating specific forces as high as 4 millinewtons per square millimeter.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Feinberg, Adam W -- Feigel, Alex -- Shevkoplyas, Sergey S -- Sheehy, Sean -- Whitesides, George M -- Parker, Kevin Kit -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Sep 7;317(5843):1366-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Disease Biophysics Group, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17823347" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anisotropy ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cells, Cultured ; Dimethylpolysiloxanes ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Motion ; Muscle Contraction ; *Myocardium ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Robotics ; Silicones ; *Tissue Engineering
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 87
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    JETLAG resets the Drosophila circadian clock by promoting light-induced degradation of TIMELESS (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-06-24
    Description: Organisms ranging from bacteria to humans synchronize their internal clocks to daily cycles of light and dark. Photic entrainment of the Drosophila clock is mediated by proteasomal degradation of the clock protein TIMELESS (TIM). We have identified mutations in jetlag-a gene coding for an F-box protein with leucine-rich repeats-that result in reduced light sensitivity of the circadian clock. Mutant flies show rhythmic behavior in constant light, reduced phase shifts in response to light pulses, and reduced light-dependent degradation of TIM. Expression of JET along with the circadian photoreceptor cryptochrome (CRY) in cultured S2R cells confers light-dependent degradation onto TIM, thereby reconstituting the acute response + of the circadian clock to light in a cell culture system. Our results suggest that JET is essential for resetting the clock by transmitting light signals from CRY to TIM.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2767177/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2767177/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Koh, Kyunghee -- Zheng, Xiangzhong -- Sehgal, Amita -- NS048471/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS048471/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS048471-02/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Jun 23;312(5781):1809-12.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16794082" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Amino Acid Substitution ; Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; *Circadian Rhythm ; Cryptochromes ; Drosophila/chemistry/genetics/physiology ; Drosophila Proteins/chemistry/*genetics/*metabolism/*physiology ; Drosophila melanogaster/chemistry/*genetics/*physiology ; Eye Proteins/metabolism ; F-Box Proteins/chemistry/*genetics/*physiology ; Female ; *Light ; Male ; Models, Biological ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism ; Transgenes ; Ubiquitin/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 88
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Regulation of hepatic stellate cell differentiation by the neurotrophin receptor p75NTR (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-03-31
    Description: Differentiation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) to extracellular matrix- and growth factor-producing cells supports liver regeneration through promotion of hepatocyte proliferation. We show that the neurotrophin receptor p75NTR, a tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member expressed in HSCs after fibrotic and cirrhotic liver injury in humans, is a regulator of liver repair. In mice, depletion of p75NTR exacerbated liver pathology and inhibited hepatocyte proliferation in vivo. p75NTR-/- HSCs failed to differentiate to myofibroblasts and did not support hepatocyte proliferation. Moreover, inhibition of p75NTR signaling to the small guanosine triphosphatase Rho resulted in impaired HSC differentiation. Our results identify signaling from p75NTR to Rho as a mechanism for the regulation of HSC differentiation to regeneration-promoting cells that support hepatocyte proliferation in the diseased liver.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Passino, Melissa A -- Adams, Ryan A -- Sikorski, Shoana L -- Akassoglou, Katerina -- 5T32-GM07752/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- NS051470/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- P30-NS047101/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Mar 30;315(5820):1853-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92093-0636, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17395831" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Cell Differentiation ; Cell Proliferation ; Cells, Cultured ; Disease Progression ; Extracellular Matrix/metabolism ; Fibroblasts/*cytology ; Hepatocyte Growth Factor/metabolism ; Hepatocytes/*cytology ; Liver/*cytology/metabolism/pathology/physiology ; Liver Diseases/metabolism/*pathology ; *Liver Regeneration ; Mice ; Nerve Growth Factor/pharmacology ; Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor/genetics/*metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; rho GTP-Binding Proteins/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 89
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Mosaic organization of neural stem cells in the adult brain (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-07-07
    Description: The in vivo potential of neural stem cells in the postnatal mouse brain is not known, but because they produce many different types of neurons, they must be either very versatile or very diverse. By specifically targeting stem cells and following their progeny in vivo, we showed that postnatal stem cells in different regions produce different types of neurons, even when heterotopically grafted or grown in culture. This suggests that rather than being plastic and homogeneous, neural stem cells are a restricted and diverse population of progenitors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Merkle, Florian T -- Mirzadeh, Zaman -- Alvarez-Buylla, Arturo -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jul 20;317(5836):381-4. Epub 2007 Jul 5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurosurgery and Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0525, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17615304" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult Stem Cells/*cytology ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Astrocytes/cytology ; Brain/*cytology ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Interneurons/cytology ; Lateral Ventricles/cytology ; Mice ; Neuroglia/cytology ; Neurons/*cytology ; Olfactory Bulb/cytology ; Stem Cell Transplantation ; Transplantation, Heterotopic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 90
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Molecular basis for the nerve dependence of limb regeneration in an adult vertebrate (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-11-03
    Description: The limb blastemal cells of an adult salamander regenerate the structures distal to the level of amputation, and the surface protein Prod 1 is a critical determinant of their proximodistal identity. The anterior gradient protein family member nAG is a secreted ligand for Prod 1 and a growth factor for cultured newt blastemal cells. nAG is sequentially expressed after amputation in the regenerating nerve and the wound epidermis-the key tissues of the stem cell niche-and its expression in both locations is abrogated by denervation. The local expression of nAG after electroporation is sufficient to rescue a denervated blastema and regenerate the distal structures. Our analysis brings together the positional identity of the blastema and the classical nerve dependence of limb regeneration.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2696928/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2696928/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kumar, Anoop -- Godwin, James W -- Gates, Phillip B -- Garza-Garcia, A Acely -- Brockes, Jeremy P -- G0600229/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G0600229(77696)/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G9537983/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G9537983(56733)/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- MC_U117574559/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Nov 2;318(5851):772-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17975060" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens, CD59/*physiology ; COS Cells ; Cells, Cultured ; Cercopithecus aethiops ; Denervation ; Extremities/innervation ; Glycosylphosphatidylinositols/physiology ; Growth Substances ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/isolation & ; purification/*physiology/secretion ; Ligands ; Mice ; Notophthalmus viridescens ; Peripheral Nerves/*physiology ; Regeneration/*physiology ; Stem Cells/*cytology ; Two-Hybrid System Techniques
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 91
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Protein kinase C beta and prolyl isomerase 1 regulate mitochondrial effects of the life-span determinant p66Shc (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-02-03
    Description: The 66-kilodalton isoform of the growth factor adapter Shc (p66Shc) translates oxidative damage into cell death by acting as reactive oxygen species (ROS) producer within mitochondria. However, the signaling link between cellular stress and mitochondrial proapoptotic activity of p66Shc was not known. We demonstrate that protein kinase C beta, activated by oxidative conditions in the cell, induces phosphorylation of p66Shc and triggers mitochondrial accumulation of the protein after it is recognized by the prolyl isomerase Pin1. Once imported, p66Shc causes alterations of mitochondrial Ca2+ responses and three-dimensional structure, thus inducing apoptosis. These data identify a signaling route that activates an apoptotic inducer shortening the life span and could be a potential target of pharmacological approaches to inhibit aging.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pinton, Paolo -- Rimessi, Alessandro -- Marchi, Saverio -- Orsini, Francesca -- Migliaccio, Enrica -- Giorgio, Marco -- Contursi, Cristina -- Minucci, Saverio -- Mantovani, Fiamma -- Wieckowski, Mariusz R -- Del Sal, Giannino -- Pelicci, Pier Giuseppe -- Rizzuto, Rosario -- GGP05284/Telethon/Italy -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Feb 2;315(5812):659-63.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, Section of General Pathology and Interdisciplinary Center for the Study of Inflammation (ICSI), University of Ferrara, Ferrera, Italy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17272725" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics/*metabolism ; Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism/pharmacology ; Animals ; *Apoptosis ; Calcium/metabolism ; Calcium Signaling ; *Cell Aging ; Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; Cyclosporine/pharmacology ; Hydrogen Peroxide/metabolism/pharmacology ; Mice ; Mitochondria/*metabolism/ultrastructure ; Mutation ; Oxidative Stress ; Peptidylprolyl Isomerase/*metabolism ; Permeability ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Kinase C/antagonists & inhibitors/genetics/*metabolism ; Protein Kinase C beta ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; Shc Signaling Adaptor Proteins ; *Signal Transduction
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 92
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Apoptosis initiated when BH3 ligands engage multiple Bcl-2 homologs, not Bax or Bak (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-02-10
    Description: A central issue in the regulation of apoptosis by the Bcl-2 family is whether its BH3-only members initiate apoptosis by directly binding to the essential cell-death mediators Bax and Bak, or whether they can act indirectly, by engaging their pro-survival Bcl-2-like relatives. Contrary to the direct-activation model, we show that Bax and Bak can mediate apoptosis without discernable association with the putative BH3-only activators (Bim, Bid, and Puma), even in cells with no Bim or Bid and reduced Puma. Our results indicate that BH3-only proteins induce apoptosis at least primarily by engaging the multiple pro-survival relatives guarding Bax and Bak.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Willis, Simon N -- Fletcher, Jamie I -- Kaufmann, Thomas -- van Delft, Mark F -- Chen, Lin -- Czabotar, Peter E -- Ierino, Helen -- Lee, Erinna F -- Fairlie, W Douglas -- Bouillet, Philippe -- Strasser, Andreas -- Kluck, Ruth M -- Adams, Jerry M -- Huang, David C S -- CA43540/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA80188/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Feb 9;315(5813):856-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3050, Australia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17289999" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Apoptosis ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; BH3 Interacting Domain Death Agonist Protein/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Humans ; Ligands ; Membrane Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Models, Biological ; Mutation ; Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein ; Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Proteins/metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/*metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; bcl-2 Homologous Antagonist-Killer Protein/metabolism ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein/chemistry/*metabolism ; bcl-Associated Death Protein/metabolism ; bcl-X Protein/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 93
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Hardwiring the brain: endocannabinoids shape neuronal connectivity (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-05-26
    Description: The roles of endocannabinoid signaling during central nervous system development are unknown. We report that CB(1) cannabinoid receptors (CB(1)Rs) are enriched in the axonal growth cones of gamma-aminobutyric acid-containing (GABAergic) interneurons in the rodent cortex during late gestation. Endocannabinoids trigger CB(1)R internalization and elimination from filopodia and induce chemorepulsion and collapse of axonal growth cones of these GABAergic interneurons by activating RhoA. Similarly, endocannabinoids diminish the galvanotropism of Xenopus laevis spinal neurons. These findings, together with the impaired target selection of cortical GABAergic interneurons lacking CB(1)Rs, identify endocannabinoids as axon guidance cues and demonstrate that endocannabinoid signaling regulates synaptogenesis and target selection in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Berghuis, Paul -- Rajnicek, Ann M -- Morozov, Yury M -- Ross, Ruth A -- Mulder, Jan -- Urban, Gabriella M -- Monory, Krisztina -- Marsicano, Giovanni -- Matteoli, Michela -- Canty, Alison -- Irving, Andrew J -- Katona, Istvan -- Yanagawa, Yuchio -- Rakic, Pasko -- Lutz, Beat -- Mackie, Ken -- Harkany, Tibor -- DA00286/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- DA015916/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- DA11322/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 May 25;316(5828):1212-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17525344" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Axons/physiology ; Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators/metabolism/*physiology ; Cell Movement ; Cells, Cultured ; Cerebral Cortex/cytology/embryology/ultrastructure ; *Endocannabinoids ; Growth Cones/physiology/ultrasonography ; In Situ Hybridization ; Interneurons/metabolism/*physiology/ultrasonography ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1/agonists/*physiology ; Signal Transduction ; Stem Cells/metabolism ; Synapses/physiology/ultrasonography ; Xenopus Proteins/physiology ; Xenopus laevis ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 94
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Dynamic visualization of thrombopoiesis within bone marrow (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-09-22
    Description: Platelets are generated from megakaryocytes (MKs) in mammalian bone marrow (BM) by mechanisms that remain poorly understood. Here we describe the use of multiphoton intravital microscopy in intact BM to visualize platelet generation in mice. MKs were observed as sessile cells that extended dynamic proplatelet-like protrusions into microvessels. These intravascular extensions appeared to be sheared from their transendothelial stems by flowing blood, resulting in the appearance of proplatelets in peripheral blood. In vitro, proplatelet production from differentiating MKs was enhanced by fluid shear. These results confirm the concept of proplatelet formation in vivo and are consistent with the possibility that blood flow-induced hydrodynamic shear stress is a biophysical determinant of thrombopoiesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Junt, Tobias -- Schulze, Harald -- Chen, Zhao -- Massberg, Steffen -- Goerge, Tobias -- Krueger, Andreas -- Wagner, Denisa D -- Graf, Thomas -- Italiano, Joseph E Jr -- Shivdasani, Ramesh A -- von Andrian, Ulrich H -- HL068130/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL56949/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL63143/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Sep 21;317(5845):1767-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Immune Disease Institute and Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17885137" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bacterial Proteins ; Blood Platelets/*cytology ; Bone Marrow/*physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Luminescent Proteins ; Megakaryocytes/*cytology ; Mice ; Microscopy, Fluorescence, Multiphoton ; Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein IIb ; Shear Strength ; Thrombopoiesis/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 95
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Cell signaling. mTOR, unleashed (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-11-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Proud, Christopher G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Nov 9;318(5852):926-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17991850" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acids/metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Guanosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Humans ; Insulin/metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins/*metabolism ; Multiprotein Complexes ; Neuropeptides/*metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Protein Kinases/*metabolism ; Proteins ; *Signal Transduction ; Sirolimus/metabolism/pharmacology ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases ; Tacrolimus Binding Protein 1A/metabolism ; Tacrolimus Binding Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors/*metabolism ; Transcription Factors/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 96
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Host immune system gene targeting by a viral miRNA (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-07-21
    Description: Virally encoded microRNAs (miRNAs) have recently been discovered in herpesviruses. However, their biological roles are mostly unknown. We developed an algorithm for the prediction of miRNA targets and applied it to human cytomegalovirus miRNAs, resulting in the identification of the major histocompatibility complex class I-related chain B (MICB) gene as a top candidate target of hcmv-miR-UL112. MICB is a stress-induced ligand of the natural killer (NK) cell activating receptor NKG2D and is critical for the NK cell killing of virus-infected cells and tumor cells. We show that hcmv-miR-UL112 specifically down-regulates MICB expression during viral infection, leading to decreased binding of NKG2D and reduced killing by NK cells. Our results reveal a miRNA-based immunoevasion mechanism that appears to be exploited by human cytomegalovirus.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4283197/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4283197/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stern-Ginossar, Noam -- Elefant, Naama -- Zimmermann, Albert -- Wolf, Dana G -- Saleh, Nivin -- Biton, Moshe -- Horwitz, Elad -- Prokocimer, Zafnat -- Prichard, Mark -- Hahn, Gabriele -- Goldman-Wohl, Debra -- Greenfield, Caryn -- Yagel, Simcha -- Hengel, Hartmut -- Altuvia, Yael -- Margalit, Hanah -- Mandelboim, Ofer -- N01 AI030049/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- N01 AI30049/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- N01-30049/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jul 20;317(5836):376-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17641203" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 3' Untranslated Regions/metabolism ; Algorithms ; Binding Sites ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytomegalovirus/genetics/*immunology/*pathogenicity ; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic ; Down-Regulation ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/*genetics/metabolism ; Humans ; Killer Cells, Natural/immunology ; Ligands ; MicroRNAs/genetics/*metabolism ; NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily K ; RNA, Viral/*metabolism ; Receptors, Immunologic/metabolism ; Receptors, Natural Killer Cell ; Transduction, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 97
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Multiple functions of the IKK-related kinase IKKepsilon in interferon-mediated antiviral immunity (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-03-03
    Description: IKKepsilon is an IKK (inhibitor of nuclear factor kappaBkinase)-related kinase implicated in virus induction of interferon-beta (IFNbeta). We report that, although mice lacking IKKepsilon produce normal amounts of IFNbeta, they are hypersusceptible to viral infection because of a defect in the IFN signaling pathway. Specifically, a subset of type I IFN-stimulated genes are not activated in the absence of IKKepsilon because the interferon-stimulated gene factor 3 complex (ISGF3) does not bind to promoter elements of the affected genes. We demonstrate that IKKepsilon is activated by IFNbeta and that IKKepsilon directly phosphorylates signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1), a component of ISGF3. We conclude that IKKepsilon plays a critical role in the IFN-inducible antiviral transcriptional response.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tenoever, Benjamin R -- Ng, Sze-Ling -- Chua, Mark A -- McWhirter, Sarah M -- Garcia-Sastre, Adolfo -- Maniatis, Tom -- F31 AI056678/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P01AI058113/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01AI46954/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U19AI62623/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Mar 2;315(5816):1274-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, 7 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17332413" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Deaminase/genetics/metabolism ; Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Dimerization ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; I-kappa B Kinase/genetics/*metabolism ; *Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/immunology/physiology ; Interferon-Stimulated Gene Factor 3/metabolism ; Interferon-beta/*immunology/metabolism ; Lung/pathology/virology ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Orthomyxoviridae Infections/*immunology/metabolism/pathology/virology ; Phosphorylation ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; RNA-Binding Proteins ; STAT1 Transcription Factor/metabolism ; STAT2 Transcription Factor/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Transcription, Genetic ; Viral Load ; Virus Replication
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 98
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Treatment of sickle cell anemia mouse model with iPS cells generated from autologous skin (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-12-08
    Description: It has recently been demonstrated that mouse and human fibroblasts can be reprogrammed into an embryonic stem cell-like state by introducing combinations of four transcription factors. However, the therapeutic potential of such induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells remained undefined. By using a humanized sickle cell anemia mouse model, we show that mice can be rescued after transplantation with hematopoietic progenitors obtained in vitro from autologous iPS cells. This was achieved after correction of the human sickle hemoglobin allele by gene-specific targeting. Our results provide proof of principle for using transcription factor-induced reprogramming combined with gene and cell therapy for disease treatment in mice. The problems associated with using retroviruses and oncogenes for reprogramming need to be resolved before iPS cells can be considered for human therapy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hanna, Jacob -- Wernig, Marius -- Markoulaki, Styliani -- Sun, Chiao-Wang -- Meissner, Alexander -- Cassady, John P -- Beard, Caroline -- Brambrink, Tobias -- Wu, Li-Chen -- Townes, Tim M -- Jaenisch, Rudolf -- 2-R01-HL057619/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- 5-R37-CA084198/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- 5-RO1-CA087869/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- 5-RO1-HDO45022/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Dec 21;318(5858):1920-3. Epub 2007 Dec 6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18063756" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anemia, Sickle Cell/blood/physiopathology/*therapy ; Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; *Cellular Reprogramming ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics ; Disease Models, Animal ; Embryonic Stem Cells/cytology ; Erythrocyte Count ; Fibroblasts/*cytology ; Genes, myc ; Globins/genetics ; Hematopoiesis ; *Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/*cytology ; Hemoglobin A/analysis ; Hemoglobin, Sickle/analysis ; Humans ; Kidney Concentrating Ability ; Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors/genetics ; Male ; Mice ; Octamer Transcription Factor-3/genetics ; Pluripotent Stem Cells/*cytology ; SOXB1 Transcription Factors ; Trans-Activators/genetics ; Transduction, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 99
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Regulation of the germinal center response by microRNA-155 (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-04-28
    Description: MicroRNAs are small RNA species involved in biological control at multiple levels. Using genetic deletion and transgenic approaches, we show that the evolutionarily conserved microRNA-155 (miR-155) has an important role in the mammalian immune system, specifically in regulating T helper cell differentiation and the germinal center reaction to produce an optimal T cell-dependent antibody response. miR-155 exerts this control, at least in part, by regulating cytokine production. These results also suggest that individual microRNAs can exert critical control over mammalian differentiation processes in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Thai, To-Ha -- Calado, Dinis Pedro -- Casola, Stefano -- Ansel, K Mark -- Xiao, Changchun -- Xue, Yingzi -- Murphy, Andrew -- Frendewey, David -- Valenzuela, David -- Kutok, Jeffery L -- Schmidt-Supprian, Marc -- Rajewsky, Nikolaus -- Yancopoulos, George -- Rao, Anjana -- Rajewsky, Klaus -- AI064345/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Apr 27;316(5824):604-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉CBR Institute for Biomedical Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17463289" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; B-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytokines/biosynthesis ; Germinal Center/*immunology ; Immunoglobulin G/analysis ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Lymphotoxin-alpha/biosynthesis ; Lymphotoxin-beta/biosynthesis ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Mice, Transgenic ; MicroRNAs/genetics/*physiology ; Nitrophenols/immunology ; Peyer's Patches/immunology ; Phenylacetates ; Somatic Hypermutation, Immunoglobulin ; Spleen/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes/cytology/*immunology/metabolism ; Th1 Cells/cytology/immunology ; Th2 Cells/cytology/immunology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/biosynthesis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 100
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    SCFFbxl3 controls the oscillation of the circadian clock by directing the degradation of cryptochrome proteins (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-04-28
    Description: One component of the circadian clock in mammals is the Clock-Bmal1 heterodimeric transcription factor. Among its downstream targets, two genes, Cry1 and Cry2, encode inhibitors of the Clock-Bmal1 complex that establish a negative-feedback loop. We found that both Cry1 and Cry2 proteins are ubiquitinated and degraded via the SCF(Fbxl3) ubiquitin ligase complex. This regulation by SCF(Fbxl3) is a prerequisite for the efficient and timely reactivation of Clock-Bmal1 and the consequent expression of Per1 and Per2, two regulators of the circadian clock that display tumor suppressor activity. Silencing of Fbxl3 produced no effect in Cry1-/-;Cry2-/- cells, which shows that Fbxl3 controls clock oscillations by mediating the degradation of CRY proteins.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Busino, Luca -- Bassermann, Florian -- Maiolica, Alessio -- Lee, Choogon -- Nolan, Patrick M -- Godinho, Sofia I H -- Draetta, Giulio F -- Pagano, Michele -- MC_U142684172/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- MC_U142684173/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- MC_U142684175/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- R01-GM57587/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R21-CA125173/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R37-CA76584/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 May 11;316(5826):900-4. Epub 2007 Apr 26.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pathology, NYU Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, MSB 599, New York, NY 10016, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17463251" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: ARNTL Transcription Factors ; Animals ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/metabolism ; CLOCK Proteins ; Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; *Circadian Rhythm/genetics ; Cryptochromes ; F-Box Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Flavoproteins/genetics/*metabolism ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Mice ; NIH 3T3 Cells ; Nuclear Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Period Circadian Proteins ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; RNA Interference ; SKP Cullin F-Box Protein Ligases/*metabolism ; Trans-Activators/metabolism ; Transcription Factors/genetics/metabolism ; Transfection ; Ubiquitin/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...