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  • Articles  (175)
  • Male  (124)
  • Phylogeny  (28)
  • Signal Transduction  (26)
  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • 2015-2019  (175)
  • 1945-1949
  • 2015  (175)
  • Science. 347(6217): 1258522. doi: 10.1126/science.1258522.  (1)
  • Science. 347(6217): 83-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1258857.  (1)
  • Science. 347(6218): 120-1. doi: 10.1126/science.347.6218.120.  (1)
  • Science. 347(6218): 188-94. doi: 10.1126/science.1257132.  (1)
  • Science. 347(6219): 220-1. doi: 10.1126/science.347.6219.220.  (1)
  • Science. 347(6219): 233-4. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa5056.  (1)
  • Science. 347(6219): 234-5. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa3781.  (1)
  • Science. 347(6219): 262-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1261375.  (1)
  • Science. 347(6219): 346. doi: 10.1126/science.347.6219.346.  (1)
  • Science. 347(6220): 1260419. doi: 10.1126/science.1260419.  (1)
  • Science. 347(6220): 359-60. doi: 10.1126/science.347.6220.359.  (1)
  • Science. 347(6221): 1257277. doi: 10.1126/science.1257277.  (1)
  • Science. 347(6221): 468. doi: 10.1126/science.347.6221.468.  (1)
  • Science. 347(6221): 536-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1256297.  (1)
  • Science. 347(6223): 700-1. doi: 10.1126/science.347.6223.700.  (1)
  • Science. 347(6223): 708-11. doi: 10.1126/science.347.6223.708.  (1)
  • Science. 347(6223): 764-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1260879.  (1)
  • Science. 347(6224): 822-3. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa6480.  (1)
  • Science. 347(6224): 870-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1259591.  (1)
  • Science. 347(6224): 875-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1260154.  (1)
  • 25
Collection
  • Articles  (175)
Years
  • 2015-2019  (175)
  • 1945-1949
Year
Journal
  • 1
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-04-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bernstein, Rachel -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Apr 17;348(6232):269. doi: 10.1126/science.348.6232.269.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25883332" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Engineering/*education/manpower ; Faculty/*statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mathematics/*education/manpower ; Science/*education/manpower ; Sex Factors ; Technology/*education/manpower ; United States ; Women, Working/*statistics & numerical data
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2015-05-09
    Description: Transcriptional regulation and posttranscriptional processing underlie many cellular and organismal phenotypes. We used RNA sequence data generated by Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project to investigate the patterns of transcriptome variation across individuals and tissues. Tissues exhibit characteristic transcriptional signatures that show stability in postmortem samples. These signatures are dominated by a relatively small number of genes-which is most clearly seen in blood-though few are exclusive to a particular tissue and vary more across tissues than individuals. Genes exhibiting high interindividual expression variation include disease candidates associated with sex, ethnicity, and age. Primary transcription is the major driver of cellular specificity, with splicing playing mostly a complementary role; except for the brain, which exhibits a more divergent splicing program. Variation in splicing, despite its stochasticity, may play in contrast a comparatively greater role in defining individual phenotypes.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4547472/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4547472/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mele, Marta -- Ferreira, Pedro G -- Reverter, Ferran -- DeLuca, David S -- Monlong, Jean -- Sammeth, Michael -- Young, Taylor R -- Goldmann, Jakob M -- Pervouchine, Dmitri D -- Sullivan, Timothy J -- Johnson, Rory -- Segre, Ayellet V -- Djebali, Sarah -- Niarchou, Anastasia -- GTEx Consortium -- Wright, Fred A -- Lappalainen, Tuuli -- Calvo, Miquel -- Getz, Gad -- Dermitzakis, Emmanouil T -- Ardlie, Kristin G -- Guigo, Roderic -- HHSN261200800001E/PHS HHS/ -- HHSN268201000029C/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HHSN268201000029C/PHS HHS/ -- R01 DA006227-17/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH090936/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH090941/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 May 8;348(6235):660-5. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa0355.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Harvard Department of stem cell and regenerative biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA. ; Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. Institute for Genetics and Genomics in Geneva (iGE3), University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Geneva, Switzerland. ; Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. ; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA. ; Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. McGill University, Montreal, Canada. ; Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. National Institute for Scientific Computing (LNCC), Petropolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. ; Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands. ; Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-73, 119992 Moscow, Russia. ; Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. ; Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. Institute for Genetics and Genomics in Geneva (iGE3), University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Geneva, Switzerland. ; Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Harvard Department of stem cell and regenerative biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA. Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. Institute for Genetics and Genomics in Geneva (iGE3), University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Geneva, Switzerland. Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA. McGill University, Montreal, Canada. National Institute for Scientific Computing (LNCC), Petropolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands. Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-73, 119992 Moscow, Russia. North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA. New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA. Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. Cancer Center and Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA. Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mediques (IMIM), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Joint CRG-Barcelona Super Computing Center (BSC)-Institut de Recerca Biomedica (IRB) Program in Computational Biology, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. ; North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA. ; Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. Institute for Genetics and Genomics in Geneva (iGE3), University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Geneva, Switzerland. New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA. Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. ; Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. ; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA. Cancer Center and Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA. ; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA. kardlie@broadinstitute.org roderic.guigo@crg.cat. ; Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mediques (IMIM), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Joint CRG-Barcelona Super Computing Center (BSC)-Institut de Recerca Biomedica (IRB) Program in Computational Biology, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. kardlie@broadinstitute.org roderic.guigo@crg.cat.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25954002" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alternative Splicing ; Female ; Gene Expression Profiling ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Genome, Human/*genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Organ Specificity/genetics ; Phenotype ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Sequence Analysis, RNA ; Sex Factors ; *Transcriptome
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-02-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dantzer, Ben -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Feb 20;347(6224):822-3. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa6480.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychology and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. dantzer@umich.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25700499" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; *Competitive Behavior ; *Ecosystem ; Female ; Male ; *Maternal Behavior ; Songbirds/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2015-02-14
    Description: A new docodontan mammaliaform from the Middle Jurassic of China has skeletal features for climbing and dental characters indicative of an omnivorous diet that included plant sap. This fossil expands the range of known locomotor adaptations in docodontans to include climbing, in addition to digging and swimming. It further shows that some docodontans had a diet with a substantial herbivorous component, distinctive from the faunivorous diets previously reported in other members of this clade. This reveals a greater ecological diversity in an early mammaliaform clade at a more fundamental taxonomic level not only between major clades as previously thought.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Meng, Qing-Jin -- Ji, Qiang -- Zhang, Yu-Guang -- Liu, Di -- Grossnickle, David M -- Luo, Zhe-Xi -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Feb 13;347(6223):764-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1260879.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Beijing Museum of Natural History, Beijing 100050 China. ; Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China. ; Committee on Evolutionary Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. ; Committee on Evolutionary Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. zxluo@uchicago.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25678661" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animal Feed ; Animals ; *Biodiversity ; China ; Cuspid/anatomy & histology/immunology ; *Dentition ; Forelimb/anatomy & histology/growth & development ; *Herbivory ; Incisor/anatomy & histology/growth & development ; Mammals/anatomy & histology/*classification/*growth & development ; Mandible/anatomy & histology/growth & development ; Phylogeny
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2015-05-23
    Description: Sex determination in the mosquito Aedes aegypti is governed by a dominant male-determining factor (M factor) located within a Y chromosome-like region called the M locus. Here, we show that an M-locus gene, Nix, functions as an M factor in A. aegypti. Nix exhibits persistent M linkage and early embryonic expression, two characteristics required of an M factor. Nix knockout with clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 resulted in largely feminized genetic males and the production of female isoforms of two key regulators of sexual differentiation: doublesex and fruitless. Ectopic expression of Nix resulted in genetic females with nearly complete male genitalia. Thus, Nix is both required and sufficient to initiate male development. This study provides a foundation for mosquito control strategies that convert female mosquitoes into harmless males.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hall, Andrew Brantley -- Basu, Sanjay -- Jiang, Xiaofang -- Qi, Yumin -- Timoshevskiy, Vladimir A -- Biedler, James K -- Sharakhova, Maria V -- Elahi, Rubayet -- Anderson, Michelle A E -- Chen, Xiao-Guang -- Sharakhov, Igor V -- Adelman, Zach N -- Tu, Zhijian -- AI113643/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jun 12;348(6240):1268-70. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa2850. Epub 2015 May 21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Interdisciplinary PhD Program in Genetics, Bioinformatics, and Computational Biology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA, USA. Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA. Fralin Life Science Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA. ; Fralin Life Science Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA. Department of Entomology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA. ; Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA. Fralin Life Science Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA. ; Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA. ; School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, People's Republic of China. ; Interdisciplinary PhD Program in Genetics, Bioinformatics, and Computational Biology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA, USA. Fralin Life Science Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA. Department of Entomology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA. ; Interdisciplinary PhD Program in Genetics, Bioinformatics, and Computational Biology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA, USA. Fralin Life Science Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA. Department of Entomology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA. jaketu@vt.edu zachadel@vt.edu. ; Interdisciplinary PhD Program in Genetics, Bioinformatics, and Computational Biology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA, USA. Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA. Fralin Life Science Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA. jaketu@vt.edu zachadel@vt.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25999371" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aedes/*genetics/*growth & development ; Animals ; Caspase 9 ; Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats ; Female ; Gene Knockout Techniques ; *Genes, Insect ; *Genetic Loci ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mosquito Control/methods ; Sex Determination Processes/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2015-04-11
    Description: Protein phosphorylation regulates virtually all biological processes. Although protein kinases are popular drug targets, targeting protein phosphatases remains a challenge. Here, we describe Sephin1 (selective inhibitor of a holophosphatase), a small molecule that safely and selectively inhibited a regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 1 in vivo. Sephin1 selectively bound and inhibited the stress-induced PPP1R15A, but not the related and constitutive PPP1R15B, to prolong the benefit of an adaptive phospho-signaling pathway, protecting cells from otherwise lethal protein misfolding stress. In vivo, Sephin1 safely prevented the motor, morphological, and molecular defects of two otherwise unrelated protein-misfolding diseases in mice, Charcot-Marie-Tooth 1B, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Thus, regulatory subunits of phosphatases are drug targets, a property exploited here to safely prevent two protein misfolding diseases.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4490275/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4490275/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Das, Indrajit -- Krzyzosiak, Agnieszka -- Schneider, Kim -- Wrabetz, Lawrence -- D'Antonio, Maurizio -- Barry, Nicholas -- Sigurdardottir, Anna -- Bertolotti, Anne -- 309516/European Research Council/International -- MC_U105185860/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- R01-NS55256/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Apr 10;348(6231):239-42. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa4484.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK. ; Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy. ; Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK. aberto@mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25859045" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/drug therapy/metabolism/pathology ; Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease/drug therapy/metabolism/pathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress/drug effects ; Enzyme Inhibitors/metabolism/pharmacokinetics/*pharmacology/toxicity ; Guanabenz/*analogs & derivatives/chemical ; synthesis/metabolism/pharmacology/toxicity ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Molecular Targeted Therapy ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Folding ; Protein Phosphatase 1/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Proteostasis Deficiencies/*drug therapy/*prevention & control ; Signal Transduction
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2015-11-14
    Description: Climate change impacts on vertebrates have consequences for marine ecosystem structures and services. We review marine fish, mammal, turtle, and seabird responses to climate change and discuss their potential for adaptation. Direct and indirect responses are demonstrated from every ocean. Because of variation in research foci, observed responses differ among taxonomic groups (redistributions for fish, phenology for seabirds). Mechanisms of change are (i) direct physiological responses and (ii) climate-mediated predator-prey interactions. Regional-scale variation in climate-demographic functions makes range-wide population dynamics challenging to predict. The nexus of metabolism relative to ecosystem productivity and food webs appears key to predicting future effects on marine vertebrates. Integration of climate, oceanographic, ecosystem, and population models that incorporate evolutionary processes is needed to prioritize the climate-related conservation needs for these species.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sydeman, William J -- Poloczanska, Elvira -- Reed, Thomas E -- Thompson, Sarah Ann -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Nov 13;350(6262):772-7. doi: 10.1126/science.aac9874.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Farallon Institute for Advanced Ecosystem Research, Petaluma, CA 94952, USA. Bodega Marine Laboratory/University of California Davis, Bodega Bay, CA 94923, USA. wsydeman@faralloninstitute.org. ; Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Ecosciences Precinct, Brisbane QLD 4102, Australia. Global Change Institute, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane QLD 4072, Australia. ; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland. ; Farallon Institute for Advanced Ecosystem Research, Petaluma, CA 94952, USA. Climate Impacts Group, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26564847" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aquatic Organisms ; Birds/*classification ; *Climate Change ; *Endangered Species ; Extinction, Biological ; Fishes/*classification ; Mammals/*classification ; Phylogeny ; Population Dynamics ; Seawater ; Turtles/*classification
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2015-06-13
    Description: During rest, brain activity is synchronized between different regions widely distributed throughout the brain, forming functional networks. However, the molecular mechanisms supporting functional connectivity remain undefined. We show that functional brain networks defined with resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging can be recapitulated by using measures of correlated gene expression in a post mortem brain tissue data set. The set of 136 genes we identify is significantly enriched for ion channels. Polymorphisms in this set of genes significantly affect resting-state functional connectivity in a large sample of healthy adolescents. Expression levels of these genes are also significantly associated with axonal connectivity in the mouse. The results provide convergent, multimodal evidence that resting-state functional networks correlate with the orchestrated activity of dozens of genes linked to ion channel activity and synaptic function.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Richiardi, Jonas -- Altmann, Andre -- Milazzo, Anna-Clare -- Chang, Catie -- Chakravarty, M Mallar -- Banaschewski, Tobias -- Barker, Gareth J -- Bokde, Arun L W -- Bromberg, Uli -- Buchel, Christian -- Conrod, Patricia -- Fauth-Buhler, Mira -- Flor, Herta -- Frouin, Vincent -- Gallinat, Jurgen -- Garavan, Hugh -- Gowland, Penny -- Heinz, Andreas -- Lemaitre, Herve -- Mann, Karl F -- Martinot, Jean-Luc -- Nees, Frauke -- Paus, Tomas -- Pausova, Zdenka -- Rietschel, Marcella -- Robbins, Trevor W -- Smolka, Michael N -- Spanagel, Rainer -- Strohle, Andreas -- Schumann, Gunter -- Hawrylycz, Mike -- Poline, Jean-Baptiste -- Greicius, Michael D -- IMAGEN consortium -- 93558/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- R01 MH085772-01A1/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01NS073498/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- U54 EB020403/EB/NIBIB NIH HHS/ -- Department of Health/United Kingdom -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jun 12;348(6240):1241-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1255905. Epub 2015 Jun 11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Functional Imaging in Neuropsychiatric Disorders Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. Laboratory of Neurology and Imaging of Cognition, Department of Neuroscience, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. jonas.richiardi@unige.ch greicius@stanford.edu. ; Functional Imaging in Neuropsychiatric Disorders Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. ; The War Related Illness and Injury Study Center, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA. Functional Imaging in Neuropsychiatric Disorders Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. ; Advanced MRI Section, Laboratory of Functional and Molecular Imaging, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. ; Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Canada. Departments of Psychiatry and Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Canada. ; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. ; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. ; Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. ; Universitaetsklinikum Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany. ; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. Department of Psychiatry, Universite de Montreal, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada. ; Department of Addictive Behaviour and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. ; Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. ; Neurospin, Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Paris, France. ; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charite Mitte, Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. ; Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA. ; School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK. ; Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale, INSERM Unit 1000 "Neuroimaging and Psychiatry," University Paris Sud, Orsay, France. INSERM Unit 1000 at Maison de Solenn, Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Paris (APHP), Cochin Hospital, University Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France. ; Rotman Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK. ; The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. ; Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. ; Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute and Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. ; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universitat Dresden, Dresden, Germany. ; Department of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany. ; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. Medical Research Council (MRC) Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK. ; Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA. ; Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA. ; Functional Imaging in Neuropsychiatric Disorders Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. jonas.richiardi@unige.ch greicius@stanford.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26068849" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Animals ; Brain/metabolism/*physiology ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Ion Channels/*genetics ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Mice ; Nerve Net/metabolism/*physiology ; Neural Pathways/metabolism/physiology ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Rest/*physiology ; Synapses/metabolism/physiology ; *Transcriptome ; Young Adult
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2015-06-06
    Description: Circadian and metabolic physiology are intricately intertwined, as illustrated by Rev-erbalpha, a transcription factor (TF) that functions both as a core repressive component of the cell-autonomous clock and as a regulator of metabolic genes. Here, we show that Rev-erbalpha modulates the clock and metabolism by different genomic mechanisms. Clock control requires Rev-erbalpha to bind directly to the genome at its cognate sites, where it competes with activating ROR TFs. By contrast, Rev-erbalpha regulates metabolic genes primarily by recruiting the HDAC3 co-repressor to sites to which it is tethered by cell type-specific transcription factors. Thus, direct competition between Rev-erbalpha and ROR TFs provides a universal mechanism for self-sustained control of the molecular clock across all tissues, whereas Rev-erbalpha uses lineage-determining factors to convey a tissue-specific epigenomic rhythm that regulates metabolism tailored to the specific need of that tissue.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4613749/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4613749/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zhang, Yuxiang -- Fang, Bin -- Emmett, Matthew J -- Damle, Manashree -- Sun, Zheng -- Feng, Dan -- Armour, Sean M -- Remsberg, Jarrett R -- Jager, Jennifer -- Soccio, Raymond E -- Steger, David J -- Lazar, Mitchell A -- F30 DK104513/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- F32 DK102284/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- K08 DK094968/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P30 DK019525/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P30 DK050306/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P30 DK19525/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R00 DK099443/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK045586/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK098542/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK45586/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM0008275/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM008275/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jun 26;348(6242):1488-92. doi: 10.1126/science.aab3021. Epub 2015 Jun 4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Department of Genetics, and the Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. ; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Department of Genetics, and the Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA. ; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Department of Genetics, and the Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. lazar@mail.med.upenn.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26044300" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; CLOCK Proteins/*genetics ; Circadian Clocks/*genetics ; Circadian Rhythm/*genetics ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 6/metabolism ; Histone Deacetylases/*metabolism ; Lipid Metabolism/genetics ; Liver/metabolism ; Male ; Metabolism/*genetics ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group D, Member 1/genetics/*metabolism ; Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 1/metabolism ; Organ Specificity ; Protein Binding ; Tissue Distribution
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2015-09-01
    Description: The global biogeography of microorganisms remains largely unknown, in contrast to the well-studied diversity patterns of macroorganisms. We used arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus DNA from 1014 plant-root samples collected worldwide to determine the global distribution of these plant symbionts. We found that AM fungal communities reflected local environmental conditions and the spatial distance between sites. However, despite AM fungi apparently possessing limited dispersal ability, we found 93% of taxa on multiple continents and 34% on all six continents surveyed. This contrasts with the high spatial turnover of other fungal taxa and with the endemism displayed by plants at the global scale. We suggest that the biogeography of AM fungi is driven by unexpectedly efficient dispersal, probably via both abiotic and biotic vectors, including humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Davison, J -- Moora, M -- Opik, M -- Adholeya, A -- Ainsaar, L -- Ba, A -- Burla, S -- Diedhiou, A G -- Hiiesalu, I -- Jairus, T -- Johnson, N C -- Kane, A -- Koorem, K -- Kochar, M -- Ndiaye, C -- Partel, M -- Reier, U -- Saks, U -- Singh, R -- Vasar, M -- Zobel, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Aug 28;349(6251):970-3. doi: 10.1126/science.aab1161.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Lai 40, Tartu 51005, Estonia. ; Centre for Mycorrhizal Research, The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI), India Habitat Centre, Lodhi Road, New Delhi 110 003, India. ; Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Mediterraneennes, Unite Mixte de Recherche 113, Laboratoire de Biologie et Physiologie Vegetales, Faculte des Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Universite des Antilles, BP 592, 97159, Pointe-a-Pitre, Guadeloupe (French West Indies). ; Laboratoire Commun de Microbiologie de l'Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement-Institut Senegalais de Recherches Agricoles-Universite Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD), Departement de Biologie Vegetale, UCAD, BP 5005 Dakar, Senegal. ; Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Lai 40, Tartu 51005, Estonia. Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Dukelska 135, 379 01 Trebon, Czech Republic. ; School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011-5694, USA. ; Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Lai 40, Tartu 51005, Estonia. Netherlands Institute of Ecology, Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands. ; TERI-Deakin Nano Biotechnology Centre, Biotechnology and Management of Bioresources Division, TERI, India Habitat Centre, Lodhi Road, New Delhi 110 003, India.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26315436" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biodiversity ; DNA, Fungal/analysis ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; Humans ; *Mycorrhizae/genetics/isolation & purification/physiology ; Phylogeny ; Phylogeography ; Plant Roots/*microbiology ; *Symbiosis ; Water ; Wind
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  • 11
    Publication Date: 2015-05-16
    Description: PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) protect the animal germ line by silencing transposons. Primary piRNAs, generated from transcripts of genomic transposon "junkyards" (piRNA clusters), are amplified by the "ping-pong" pathway, yielding secondary piRNAs. We report that secondary piRNAs, bound to the PIWI protein Ago3, can initiate primary piRNA production from cleaved transposon RNAs. The first ~26 nucleotides (nt) of each cleaved RNA becomes a secondary piRNA, but the subsequent ~26 nt become the first in a series of phased primary piRNAs that bind Piwi, allowing piRNAs to spread beyond the site of RNA cleavage. The ping-pong pathway increases only the abundance of piRNAs, whereas production of phased primary piRNAs from cleaved transposon RNAs adds sequence diversity to the piRNA pool, allowing adaptation to changes in transposon sequence.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4545291/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4545291/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Han, Bo W -- Wang, Wei -- Li, Chengjian -- Weng, Zhiping -- Zamore, Phillip D -- GM62862/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM65236/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HG007000/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM065236/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R37 GM062862/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- U41 HG007000/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 May 15;348(6236):817-21. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa1264.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉RNA Therapeutics Institute, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA. ; RNA Therapeutics Institute, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA. Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA. ; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA. Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA. zhiping.weng@umassmed.edu phillip.zamore@umassmed.edu. ; RNA Therapeutics Institute, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA. zhiping.weng@umassmed.edu phillip.zamore@umassmed.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25977554" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Argonaute Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Drosophila Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Drosophila melanogaster/genetics/*metabolism ; Endoribonucleases/genetics/*metabolism ; Female ; Germ Cells/metabolism ; Male ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; Mice ; Ovary/metabolism ; Peptide Initiation Factors/genetics/*metabolism ; *RNA Cleavage ; RNA, Guide/*metabolism ; RNA, Small Interfering/biosynthesis/*metabolism ; *Retroelements ; Testis/metabolism
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  • 12
    Publication Date: 2015-08-15
    Description: Human vocal development occurs through two parallel interactive processes that transform infant cries into more mature vocalizations, such as cooing sounds and babbling. First, natural categories of sounds change as the vocal apparatus matures. Second, parental vocal feedback sensitizes infants to certain features of those sounds, and the sounds are modified accordingly. Paradoxically, our closest living ancestors, nonhuman primates, are thought to undergo few or no production-related acoustic changes during development, and any such changes are thought to be impervious to social feedback. Using early and dense sampling, quantitative tracking of acoustic changes, and biomechanical modeling, we showed that vocalizations in infant marmoset monkeys undergo dramatic changes that cannot be solely attributed to simple consequences of growth. Using parental interaction experiments, we found that contingent parental feedback influences the rate of vocal development. These findings overturn decades-old ideas about primate vocalizations and show that marmoset monkeys are a compelling model system for early vocal development in humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Takahashi, D Y -- Fenley, A R -- Teramoto, Y -- Narayanan, D Z -- Borjon, J I -- Holmes, P -- Ghazanfar, A A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Aug 14;349(6249):734-8. doi: 10.1126/science.aab1058.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. ; Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. ; Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. ; Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26273055" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acoustics ; Animals ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Callithrix/*growth & development/physiology/psychology ; Female ; Male ; Models, Biological ; Muscle Tonus ; Vocal Cords/growth & development/physiology ; *Vocalization, Animal
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  • 13
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-04-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉de Montjoye, Yves-Alexandre -- Pentland, Alex Sandy -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Apr 10;348(6231):195. doi: 10.1126/science.348.6231.195-a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. yvesalexandre@demontjoye.com. ; Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25859038" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Commerce ; *Data Collection ; Female ; Humans ; *Information Dissemination ; Male ; *Privacy
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  • 14
    Publication Date: 2015-08-22
    Description: Plasma membrane depolarization can trigger cell proliferation, but how membrane potential influences mitogenic signaling is uncertain. Here, we show that plasma membrane depolarization induces nanoscale reorganization of phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate but not other anionic phospholipids. K-Ras, which is targeted to the plasma membrane by electrostatic interactions with phosphatidylserine, in turn undergoes enhanced nanoclustering. Depolarization-induced changes in phosphatidylserine and K-Ras plasma membrane organization occur in fibroblasts, excitable neuroblastoma cells, and Drosophila neurons in vivo and robustly amplify K-Ras-dependent mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling. Conversely, plasma membrane repolarization disrupts K-Ras nanoclustering and inhibits MAPK signaling. By responding to voltage-induced changes in phosphatidylserine spatiotemporal dynamics, K-Ras nanoclusters set up the plasma membrane as a biological field-effect transistor, allowing membrane potential to control the gain in mitogenic signaling circuits.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687752/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687752/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zhou, Yong -- Wong, Ching-On -- Cho, Kwang-jin -- van der Hoeven, Dharini -- Liang, Hong -- Thakur, Dhananiay P -- Luo, Jialie -- Babic, Milos -- Zinsmaier, Konrad E -- Zhu, Michael X -- Hu, Hongzhen -- Venkatachalam, Kartik -- Hancock, John F -- R01 NS081301/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01NS081301/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Aug 21;349(6250):873-6. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa5619.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA. ; Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, Dental School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77054, USA. ; Department of Neuroscience, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA. ; Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Program in Cell and Regulatory Biology, University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA. ; Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Program in Cell and Regulatory Biology, University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA. john.f.hancock@uth.tmc.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26293964" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Membrane/metabolism/*physiology ; Cricetinae ; Drosophila melanogaster ; Fibroblasts ; *Membrane Potentials ; Mice ; Neurons ; Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Diphosphate/*metabolism ; Phosphatidylserines/*metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; ras Proteins/*metabolism
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  • 15
    Publication Date: 2015-01-31
    Description: Large-scale data sets of human behavior have the potential to fundamentally transform the way we fight diseases, design cities, or perform research. Metadata, however, contain sensitive information. Understanding the privacy of these data sets is key to their broad use and, ultimately, their impact. We study 3 months of credit card records for 1.1 million people and show that four spatiotemporal points are enough to uniquely reidentify 90% of individuals. We show that knowing the price of a transaction increases the risk of reidentification by 22%, on average. Finally, we show that even data sets that provide coarse information at any or all of the dimensions provide little anonymity and that women are more reidentifiable than men in credit card metadata.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉de Montjoye, Yves-Alexandre -- Radaelli, Laura -- Singh, Vivek Kumar -- Pentland, Alex Sandy -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jan 30;347(6221):536-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1256297.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), 20 Amherst Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. yvesalexandre@demontjoye.com. ; Department of Computer Science, Aarhus University, Aabogade 34, Aarhus, 8200, Denmark. ; Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), 20 Amherst Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. School of Communication and Information, Rutgers University, 4 Huntington Street, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA. ; Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), 20 Amherst Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25635097" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Commerce ; *Data Collection ; Female ; Humans ; Income ; *Information Dissemination ; Male ; *Privacy ; Sex Characteristics
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  • 16
    Publication Date: 2015-05-23
    Description: Marine plankton support global biological and geochemical processes. Surveys of their biodiversity have hitherto been geographically restricted and have not accounted for the full range of plankton size. We assessed eukaryotic diversity from 334 size-fractionated photic-zone plankton communities collected across tropical and temperate oceans during the circumglobal Tara Oceans expedition. We analyzed 18S ribosomal DNA sequences across the intermediate plankton-size spectrum from the smallest unicellular eukaryotes (protists, 〉0.8 micrometers) to small animals of a few millimeters. Eukaryotic ribosomal diversity saturated at ~150,000 operational taxonomic units, about one-third of which could not be assigned to known eukaryotic groups. Diversity emerged at all taxonomic levels, both within the groups comprising the ~11,200 cataloged morphospecies of eukaryotic plankton and among twice as many other deep-branching lineages of unappreciated importance in plankton ecology studies. Most eukaryotic plankton biodiversity belonged to heterotrophic protistan groups, particularly those known to be parasites or symbiotic hosts.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉de Vargas, Colomban -- Audic, Stephane -- Henry, Nicolas -- Decelle, Johan -- Mahe, Frederic -- Logares, Ramiro -- Lara, Enrique -- Berney, Cedric -- Le Bescot, Noan -- Probert, Ian -- Carmichael, Margaux -- Poulain, Julie -- Romac, Sarah -- Colin, Sebastien -- Aury, Jean-Marc -- Bittner, Lucie -- Chaffron, Samuel -- Dunthorn, Micah -- Engelen, Stefan -- Flegontova, Olga -- Guidi, Lionel -- Horak, Ales -- Jaillon, Olivier -- Lima-Mendez, Gipsi -- Lukes, Julius -- Malviya, Shruti -- Morard, Raphael -- Mulot, Matthieu -- Scalco, Eleonora -- Siano, Raffaele -- Vincent, Flora -- Zingone, Adriana -- Dimier, Celine -- Picheral, Marc -- Searson, Sarah -- Kandels-Lewis, Stefanie -- Tara Oceans Coordinators -- Acinas, Silvia G -- Bork, Peer -- Bowler, Chris -- Gorsky, Gabriel -- Grimsley, Nigel -- Hingamp, Pascal -- Iudicone, Daniele -- Not, Fabrice -- Ogata, Hiroyuki -- Pesant, Stephane -- Raes, Jeroen -- Sieracki, Michael E -- Speich, Sabrina -- Stemmann, Lars -- Sunagawa, Shinichi -- Weissenbach, Jean -- Wincker, Patrick -- Karsenti, Eric -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 May 22;348(6237):1261605. doi: 10.1126/science.1261605.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉CNRS, UMR 7144, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, 29680 Roscoff, France. Sorbonne Universites, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) Paris 06, UMR 7144, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, 29680 Roscoff, France. vargas@sb-roscoff.fr pwincker@genoscope.cns.fr karsenti@embl.de. ; CNRS, UMR 7144, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, 29680 Roscoff, France. Sorbonne Universites, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) Paris 06, UMR 7144, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, 29680 Roscoff, France. ; Department of Ecology, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schroedinger Street, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany. CNRS, UMR 7144, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, 29680 Roscoff, France. Sorbonne Universites, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) Paris 06, UMR 7144, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, 29680 Roscoff, France. ; Department of Marine Biology and Oceanography, Institute of Marine Science (ICM)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Passeig Maritim de la Barceloneta 37-49, Barcelona E08003, Spain. ; Laboratory of Soil Biology, University of Neuchatel, Rue Emile-Argand 11, 2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland. ; CNRS, FR2424, Roscoff Culture Collection, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, 29680 Roscoff, France. Sorbonne Universites, UPMC Paris 06, FR 2424, Roscoff Culture Collection, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, 29680 Roscoff, France. ; CNRS, UMR 7144, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, 29680 Roscoff, France. Sorbonne Universites, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) Paris 06, UMR 7144, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, 29680 Roscoff, France. Ecole Normale Superieure, Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), and Inserm U1024, and CNRS UMR 8197, Paris, F-75005 France. ; Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Institut de Genomique, GENOSCOPE, 2 rue Gaston Cremieux, 91000 Evry, France. ; CNRS FR3631, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, F-75005, Paris, France. Sorbonne Universites, UPMC Paris 06, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, F-75005, Paris, France. Ecole Normale Superieure, Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), and Inserm U1024, and CNRS UMR 8197, Paris, F-75005 France. CNRS, UMR 7144, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, 29680 Roscoff, France. Sorbonne Universites, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) Paris 06, UMR 7144, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, 29680 Roscoff, France. ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. Center for the Biology of Disease, VIB, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium. ; Department of Ecology, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schroedinger Street, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany. ; Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Branisovska 31, 37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic. Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branisovska 31, 37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic. ; CNRS, UMR 7093, Laboratoire d'Oceanographie de Villefranche-sur-Mer (LOV), Observatoire Oceanologique, F-06230, Villefranche-sur-Mer, France. Sorbonne Universites, UPMC Paris 06, UMR 7093, LOV, Observatoire Oceanologique, F-06230, Villefranche-sur-Mer, France. ; Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Institut de Genomique, GENOSCOPE, 2 rue Gaston Cremieux, 91000 Evry, France. CNRS, UMR 8030, CP5706, Evry, France. Universite d'Evry, UMR 8030, CP5706, Evry, France. ; Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Branisovska 31, 37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic. Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branisovska 31, 37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic. Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, 180 Dundas Street West, Suite 1400, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1Z8, Canada. ; Ecole Normale Superieure, Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), and Inserm U1024, and CNRS UMR 8197, Paris, F-75005 France. ; MARUM, Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany. CNRS, UMR 7144, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, 29680 Roscoff, France. Sorbonne Universites, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) Paris 06, UMR 7144, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, 29680 Roscoff, France. ; Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy. ; Ifremer, Centre de Brest, DYNECO/Pelagos CS 10070, 29280 Plouzane, France. ; Center for the Biology of Disease, VIB, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. Ecole Normale Superieure, Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), and Inserm U1024, and CNRS UMR 8197, Paris, F-75005 France. ; Structural and Computational Biology, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany. Directors' Research, EMBL, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany. ; Structural and Computational Biology, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany. Max-Delbruck-Centre for Molecular Medicine, 13092 Berlin, Germany. ; CNRS UMR 7232, Biologie Integrative des Organismes Marins (BIOM), Avenue du Fontaule, 66650 Banyuls-sur-Mer, France. Sorbonne Universites Paris 06, Observatoire Oceanologique de Banyuls (OOB) UPMC, Avenue du Fontaule, 66650 Banyuls-sur-Mer, France. ; Aix Marseille Universite, CNRS IGS UMR 7256, 13288 Marseille, France. ; Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan. ; PANGAEA, Data Publisher for Earth and Environmental Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany. MARUM, Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany. ; Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, East Boothbay, ME 04544, USA. National Science Foundation, Arlington, VA 22230, USA. ; Department of Geosciences, Laboratoire de Meteorologie Dynamique (LMD), Ecole Normale Superieure, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France. Laboratoire de Physique des Oceans, Universite de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Europeen de la Mer (IUEM), Place Copernic, 29820 Plouzane, France. ; Structural and Computational Biology, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany. ; Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Institut de Genomique, GENOSCOPE, 2 rue Gaston Cremieux, 91000 Evry, France. CNRS, UMR 8030, CP5706, Evry, France. Universite d'Evry, UMR 8030, CP5706, Evry, France. vargas@sb-roscoff.fr pwincker@genoscope.cns.fr karsenti@embl.de. ; Directors' Research, EMBL, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany. Ecole Normale Superieure, Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), and Inserm U1024, and CNRS UMR 8197, Paris, F-75005 France. vargas@sb-roscoff.fr pwincker@genoscope.cns.fr karsenti@embl.de.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25999516" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biodiversity ; DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic ; DNA, Ribosomal/genetics ; Eukaryota/*classification/genetics ; Oceans and Seas ; Phylogeny ; Plankton/*classification/genetics ; Ribosomes/genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sunlight
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-08-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zitvogel, Laurence -- Kroemer, Guido -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jul 31;349(6247):476-7. doi: 10.1126/science.aac8475.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, F-94805 Villejuif, France. INSERM U1015, F-94805 Villejuif, France. Universite Paris Sud-XI, Faculte de Medecine, Le Kremlin Bicetre, France. Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer (CICBT) 507, F-94805 Villejuif, France. ; Equipe 11 labellisee par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, F-75006 Paris, France. Universite Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cite, F-75006 Paris, France. Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, F-75006 Paris, France. Pole de Biologie, Hopital Europeen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, F-75015 Paris. Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, F-94805 Villejuif, France. kroemer@orange.fr.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26228128" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Apoptosis/*immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Membrane Proteins/*metabolism ; Phagocytosis/*immunology ; Phosphatidylserines/*metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/*metabolism
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-08-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bodley, John H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Aug 21;349(6250):798-9. doi: 10.1126/science.349.6250.798-b.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Anthropology, Washington State University College of Arts and Sciences, Pullman, WA 99164-2630, USA. bodleyj@wsu.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26293944" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Ethnic Groups ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; *Public Policy ; *Social Isolation
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  • 19
    Publication Date: 2015-06-13
    Description: Blood gas and tissue pH regulation depend on the ability of the brain to sense CO2 and/or H(+) and alter breathing appropriately, a homeostatic process called central respiratory chemosensitivity. We show that selective expression of the proton-activated receptor GPR4 in chemosensory neurons of the mouse retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN) is required for CO2-stimulated breathing. Genetic deletion of GPR4 disrupted acidosis-dependent activation of RTN neurons, increased apnea frequency, and blunted ventilatory responses to CO2. Reintroduction of GPR4 into RTN neurons restored CO2-dependent RTN neuronal activation and rescued the ventilatory phenotype. Additional elimination of TASK-2 (K(2P)5), a pH-sensitive K(+) channel expressed in RTN neurons, essentially abolished the ventilatory response to CO2. The data identify GPR4 and TASK-2 as distinct, parallel, and essential central mediators of respiratory chemosensitivity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kumar, Natasha N -- Velic, Ana -- Soliz, Jorge -- Shi, Yingtang -- Li, Keyong -- Wang, Sheng -- Weaver, Janelle L -- Sen, Josh -- Abbott, Stephen B G -- Lazarenko, Roman M -- Ludwig, Marie-Gabrielle -- Perez-Reyes, Edward -- Mohebbi, Nilufar -- Bettoni, Carla -- Gassmann, Max -- Suply, Thomas -- Seuwen, Klaus -- Guyenet, Patrice G -- Wagner, Carsten A -- Bayliss, Douglas A -- HL074011/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL108609/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jun 12;348(6240):1255-60. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa0922. Epub 2015 Jun 11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA. ; Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, CH-8057, Switzerland. ; Institute of Veterinary Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, CH-8057, Switzerland. Centre de Recherche du CHU de Quebec, Departement de Pediatrie, Faculte de Medecine, Universite Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada. ; Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA. Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China. ; Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA. School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, New South Wales 2052, Australia. Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA. ; Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, CH-4002, Switzerland. ; Institute of Veterinary Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, CH-8057, Switzerland. ; Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, CH-8057, Switzerland. Wagnerca@access.uzh.ch bayliss@virginia.edu. ; Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA. Wagnerca@access.uzh.ch bayliss@virginia.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26068853" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acidosis, Respiratory/genetics/physiopathology ; Animals ; Carbon Dioxide/*physiology ; Female ; Gene Deletion ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Mutant Strains ; Neurons/metabolism/physiology ; Potassium Channels, Tandem Pore Domain/genetics/*physiology ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/antagonists & inhibitors/genetics/*physiology ; *Respiration ; Trapezoid Body/cytology/metabolism/*physiology
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-12-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Robinson, Gene E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Dec 11;350(6266):1310-2. doi: 10.1126/science.aad8071.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, Department of Entomology, Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA. generobi@illinois.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26659038" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arvicolinae/*psychology ; Brain/*metabolism ; Female ; Male ; Receptors, Vasopressin/*metabolism ; Sexual Behavior/*physiology ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; *Social Behavior ; Spatial Memory/*physiology
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-04-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Meyer, Anne-Marie -- Gotz, David -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Apr 10;348(6231):194. doi: 10.1126/science.348.6231.194-a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Gillings School of Global Public Health and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. ameyer@unc.edu. ; Department of Information Science and Carolina Health Informatics Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25859036" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Commerce ; *Data Collection ; Female ; Humans ; *Information Dissemination ; Male ; *Privacy
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-03-31
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Temel, Yasin -- Jahanshahi, Ali -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Mar 27;347(6229):1418-9. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa9610.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurosurgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, P. Debyelaan 25, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, Netherlands. y.temel@maastrichtuniversity.nl. ; Department of Neurosurgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, P. Debyelaan 25, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, Netherlands.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25814569" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Deep Brain Stimulation/*methods ; Humans ; *Magnetite Nanoparticles ; Male ; *Wireless Technology
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-01-31
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bohannon, John -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jan 30;347(6221):468. doi: 10.1126/science.347.6221.468. Epub 2015 Jan 29.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25635068" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Commerce ; *Data Collection ; Female ; Humans ; *Information Dissemination ; Male ; *Privacy
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-06-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kupferschmidt, Kai -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jun 26;348(6242):1406-7. doi: 10.1126/science.348.6242.1406.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26113694" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arthralgia/immunology/virology ; Ebolavirus/isolation & purification ; Eye Diseases/immunology/virology ; Female ; Headache/virology ; Hearing Loss/immunology/virology ; Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola/*complications/immunology/*mortality ; Humans ; Immune System ; Liberia/epidemiology ; Male ; Muscle Weakness/immunology/virology ; Semen/virology ; *Survivors
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-11-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dibner, Charna -- Schibler, Ueli -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Nov 6;350(6261):628-9. doi: 10.1126/science.aad5412.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition, and Hypertension, Diabetes Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 14, Switzerland. ; Department of Molecular Biology, Sciences III, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. ueli.schibler@unige.ch.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26542553" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Circadian Rhythm/*genetics ; Enhancer Elements, Genetic/*physiology ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Insulin/*secretion ; Insulin-Secreting Cells/*secretion ; Male
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-09-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4653811/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4653811/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tishkoff, Sarah -- P30 ES013508/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK104339/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM113657/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Sep 18;349(6254):1282-3. doi: 10.1126/science.aad0584.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Departments of Genetics and Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26383935" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acclimatization/*genetics ; *Diet, High-Fat ; Fatty Acids, Omega-3/*administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Inuits/*genetics ; Male
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-01-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kupferschmidt, Kai -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jan 9;347(6218):120-1. doi: 10.1126/science.347.6218.120.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25574003" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Child ; *Disease Eradication ; Disease Outbreaks/*prevention & control ; Ebolavirus/isolation & purification ; Female ; Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola/*epidemiology/*prevention & control ; Humans ; Liberia/epidemiology ; Male
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  • 28
    Publication Date: 2015-10-10
    Description: Strigolactones are naturally occurring signaling molecules that affect plant development, fungi-plant interactions, and parasitic plant infestations. We characterized the function of 11 strigolactone receptors from the parasitic plant Striga hermonthica using chemical and structural biology. We found a clade of polyspecific receptors, including one that is sensitive to picomolar concentrations of strigolactone. A crystal structure of a highly sensitive strigolactone receptor from Striga revealed a larger binding pocket than that of the Arabidopsis receptor, which could explain the increased range of strigolactone sensitivity. Thus, the sensitivity of Striga to strigolactones from host plants is driven by receptor sensitivity. By expressing strigolactone receptors in Arabidopsis, we developed a bioassay that can be used to identify chemicals and crops with altered strigolactone levels.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Toh, Shigeo -- Holbrook-Smith, Duncan -- Stogios, Peter J -- Onopriyenko, Olena -- Lumba, Shelley -- Tsuchiya, Yuichiro -- Savchenko, Alexei -- McCourt, Peter -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Oct 9;350(6257):203-7. doi: 10.1126/science.aac9476.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto M5S 3B2, Canada. ; Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Banting and Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto M5S 3E5, Canada. Center for Structural Genomics of Infectious Diseases, contracted by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. ; Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Banting and Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto M5S 3E5, Canada. ; Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules, Nagoya University, Japan, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan. ; Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto M5S 3B2, Canada. peter.mccourt@utoronto.ca.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26450211" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Arabidopsis/genetics/metabolism ; Catalytic Domain ; Germination/drug effects ; Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Lactones/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Plant Growth Regulators/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Plant Proteins/*chemistry/classification/genetics ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*chemistry/classification/genetics ; Seeds/genetics/growth & development/metabolism ; Striga/genetics/growth & development/*metabolism ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 29
    Publication Date: 2015-05-09
    Description: Immunosuppression after measles is known to predispose people to opportunistic infections for a period of several weeks to months. Using population-level data, we show that measles has a more prolonged effect on host resistance, extending over 2 to 3 years. We find that nonmeasles infectious disease mortality in high-income countries is tightly coupled to measles incidence at this lag, in both the pre- and post-vaccine eras. We conclude that long-term immunologic sequelae of measles drive interannual fluctuations in nonmeasles deaths. This is consistent with recent experimental work that attributes the immunosuppressive effects of measles to depletion of B and T lymphocytes. Our data provide an explanation for the long-term benefits of measles vaccination in preventing all-cause infectious disease. By preventing measles-associated immune memory loss, vaccination protects polymicrobial herd immunity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mina, Michael J -- Metcalf, C Jessica E -- de Swart, Rik L -- Osterhaus, A D M E -- Grenfell, Bryan T -- T32 GM008169/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 May 8;348(6235):694-9. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa3662. Epub 2015 May 7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA. Medical Scientist Training Program, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA. michael.j.mina@gmail.com. ; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA. Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. ; Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25954009" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: B-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Child ; *Child Mortality ; Child, Preschool ; England/epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Immunologic Memory ; *Immunomodulation ; Incidence ; Lymphocyte Depletion ; Male ; Measles/*epidemiology/*immunology/prevention & control ; Measles Vaccine/administration & dosage/*immunology ; Opportunistic Infections/immunology/*mortality/*prevention & control ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Time Factors ; United States/epidemiology ; Vaccination ; Wales/epidemiology
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  • 30
    Publication Date: 2015-11-01
    Description: It is unknown whether the human immune system frequently mounts a T cell response against mutations expressed by common epithelial cancers. Using a next-generation sequencing approach combined with high-throughput immunologic screening, we demonstrated that tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) from 9 out of 10 patients with metastatic gastrointestinal cancers contained CD4(+) and/or CD8(+) T cells that recognized one to three neo-epitopes derived from somatic mutations expressed by the patient's own tumor. There were no immunogenic epitopes shared between these patients. However, we identified in one patient a human leukocyte antigen-C*08:02-restricted T cell receptor from CD8(+) TILs that targeted the KRAS(G12D) hotspot driver mutation found in many human cancers. Thus, a high frequency of patients with common gastrointestinal cancers harbor immunogenic mutations that can potentially be exploited for the development of highly personalized immunotherapies.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tran, Eric -- Ahmadzadeh, Mojgan -- Lu, Yong-Chen -- Gros, Alena -- Turcotte, Simon -- Robbins, Paul F -- Gartner, Jared J -- Zheng, Zhili -- Li, Yong F -- Ray, Satyajit -- Wunderlich, John R -- Somerville, Robert P -- Rosenberg, Steven A -- Intramural NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Dec 11;350(6266):1387-90. doi: 10.1126/science.aad1253. Epub 2015 Oct 29.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. sar@mail.nih.gov.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26516200" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/*genetics/*immunology/therapy ; HLA-C Antigens/genetics/immunology ; Humans ; Immunodominant Epitopes/genetics/immunology ; Immunotherapy/methods ; Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/immunology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Precision Medicine/methods ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics/immunology ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/immunology ; ras Proteins/genetics/immunology
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  • 31
    Publication Date: 2015-02-28
    Description: The availability of genome sequences from 16 anopheline species provides unprecedented opportunities to study the evolution of reproductive traits relevant for malaria transmission. In Anopheles gambiae, a likely candidate for sexual selection is male 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E). Sexual transfer of this steroid hormone as part of a mating plug dramatically changes female physiological processes intimately tied to vectorial capacity. By combining phenotypic studies with ancestral state reconstructions and phylogenetic analyses, we show that mating plug transfer and male 20E synthesis are both derived characters that have coevolved in anophelines, driving the adaptation of a female 20E-interacting protein that promotes oogenesis via mechanisms also favoring Plasmodium survival. Our data reveal coevolutionary dynamics of reproductive traits between the sexes likely to have shaped the ability of anophelines to transmit malaria.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4373528/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4373528/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mitchell, Sara N -- Kakani, Evdoxia G -- South, Adam -- Howell, Paul I -- Waterhouse, Robert M -- Catteruccia, Flaminia -- 1R01AI104956-01A1/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- 260897/European Research Council/International -- R01 AI104956/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Feb 27;347(6225):985-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1259435.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA. ; Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Universita degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia 06100, Italy. ; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. ; Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva 1211, Switzerland. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Geneva 1211, Switzerland. Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. ; Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Universita degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia 06100, Italy. fcatter@hsph.harvard.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25722409" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anopheles/classification/*physiology ; Anopheles gambiae/classification/physiology ; Biological Evolution ; Biological Transport ; Ecdysterone/*metabolism ; Female ; Insect Vectors/*physiology ; Malaria/parasitology/transmission ; Male ; Mating Preference, Animal/*physiology ; Oogenesis/physiology ; Oviposition/*physiology ; Phylogeny
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  • 32
    Publication Date: 2015-11-21
    Description: The nonrandom distribution of meiotic recombination shapes heredity and genetic diversification. Theoretically, hotspots--favored sites of recombination initiation--either evolve rapidly toward extinction or are conserved, especially if they are chromosomal features under selective constraint, such as promoters. We tested these theories by comparing genome-wide recombination initiation maps from widely divergent Saccharomyces species. We find that hotspots frequently overlap with promoters in the species tested, and consequently, hotspot positions are well conserved. Remarkably, the relative strength of individual hotspots is also highly conserved, as are larger-scale features of the distribution of recombination initiation. This stability, not predicted by prior models, suggests that the particular shape of the yeast recombination landscape is adaptive and helps in understanding evolutionary dynamics of recombination in other species.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4656144/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4656144/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lam, Isabel -- Keeney, Scott -- F31 GM097861/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P30 CA008748/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM058673/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Nov 20;350(6263):932-7. doi: 10.1126/science.aad0814.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Louis V. Gerstner, Jr., Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. Molecular Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. ; Louis V. Gerstner, Jr., Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. Molecular Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. s-keeney@ski.mskcc.org.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26586758" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biological Evolution ; Chromosomes, Fungal/genetics ; *DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded ; Genome, Fungal/genetics ; *Homologous Recombination ; Meiosis/*genetics ; Phylogeny ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/classification/*genetics
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  • 33
    Publication Date: 2015-09-19
    Description: Prostate cancer is initially responsive to androgen deprivation, but the effectiveness of androgen receptor (AR) inhibitors in recurrent disease is variable. Biopsy of bone metastases is challenging; hence, sampling circulating tumor cells (CTCs) may reveal drug-resistance mechanisms. We established single-cell RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) profiles of 77 intact CTCs isolated from 13 patients (mean six CTCs per patient), by using microfluidic enrichment. Single CTCs from each individual display considerable heterogeneity, including expression of AR gene mutations and splicing variants. Retrospective analysis of CTCs from patients progressing under treatment with an AR inhibitor, compared with untreated cases, indicates activation of noncanonical Wnt signaling (P = 0.0064). Ectopic expression of Wnt5a in prostate cancer cells attenuates the antiproliferative effect of AR inhibition, whereas its suppression in drug-resistant cells restores partial sensitivity, a correlation also evident in an established mouse model. Thus, single-cell analysis of prostate CTCs reveals heterogeneity in signaling pathways that could contribute to treatment failure.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Miyamoto, David T -- Zheng, Yu -- Wittner, Ben S -- Lee, Richard J -- Zhu, Huili -- Broderick, Katherine T -- Desai, Rushil -- Fox, Douglas B -- Brannigan, Brian W -- Trautwein, Julie -- Arora, Kshitij S -- Desai, Niyati -- Dahl, Douglas M -- Sequist, Lecia V -- Smith, Matthew R -- Kapur, Ravi -- Wu, Chin-Lee -- Shioda, Toshi -- Ramaswamy, Sridhar -- Ting, David T -- Toner, Mehmet -- Maheswaran, Shyamala -- Haber, Daniel A -- 2R01CA129933/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- EB008047/EB/NIBIB NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Sep 18;349(6254):1351-6. doi: 10.1126/science.aab0917.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Massachusetts General Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA. Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA. ; Massachusetts General Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA. ; Massachusetts General Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA. Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA. ; Massachusetts General Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA. ; Massachusetts General Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA. Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA. ; Massachusetts General Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA. Department of Urology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA. ; Center for Bioengineering in Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA. ; Massachusetts General Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA. Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA. haber@helix.mgh.harvard.edu smaheswaran@mgh.harvard.edu. ; Massachusetts General Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA. Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA. haber@helix.mgh.harvard.edu smaheswaran@mgh.harvard.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26383955" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Androgen Antagonists/pharmacology/*therapeutic use ; Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/*genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating/drug effects/*metabolism ; Phenylthiohydantoin/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Prostate/drug effects/metabolism/pathology ; Prostatic Neoplasms/*drug therapy/*pathology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; RNA Splicing ; Receptors, Androgen/*genetics ; Sequence Analysis, RNA/methods ; Signal Transduction ; Single-Cell Analysis/methods ; Transcriptome ; Wnt Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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  • 34
    Publication Date: 2015-06-20
    Description: G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) relay diverse extracellular signals into cells by catalyzing nucleotide release from heterotrimeric G proteins, but the mechanism underlying this quintessential molecular signaling event has remained unclear. Here we use atomic-level simulations to elucidate the nucleotide-release mechanism. We find that the G protein alpha subunit Ras and helical domains-previously observed to separate widely upon receptor binding to expose the nucleotide-binding site-separate spontaneously and frequently even in the absence of a receptor. Domain separation is necessary but not sufficient for rapid nucleotide release. Rather, receptors catalyze nucleotide release by favoring an internal structural rearrangement of the Ras domain that weakens its nucleotide affinity. We use double electron-electron resonance spectroscopy and protein engineering to confirm predictions of our computationally determined mechanism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dror, Ron O -- Mildorf, Thomas J -- Hilger, Daniel -- Manglik, Aashish -- Borhani, David W -- Arlow, Daniel H -- Philippsen, Ansgar -- Villanueva, Nicolas -- Yang, Zhongyu -- Lerch, Michael T -- Hubbell, Wayne L -- Kobilka, Brian K -- Sunahara, Roger K -- Shaw, David E -- P30EY00331/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01EY05216/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01GM083118/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM008294/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jun 19;348(6241):1361-5. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa5264.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉D. E. Shaw Research, New York, NY 10036, USA. ron.dror@deshawresearch.com david.shaw@deshawresearch.com. ; D. E. Shaw Research, New York, NY 10036, USA. ; Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. ; Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. ; Jules Stein Eye Institute and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. ; D. E. Shaw Research, New York, NY 10036, USA. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA. ron.dror@deshawresearch.com david.shaw@deshawresearch.com.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26089515" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go/*chemistry ; GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gs/*chemistry ; Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors/*chemistry ; Humans ; Models, Chemical ; Molecular Dynamics Simulation ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/*chemistry ; Signal Transduction
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  • 35
    Publication Date: 2015-02-24
    Description: An important question in ecology is how mechanistic processes occurring among individuals drive large-scale patterns of community formation and change. Here we show that in two species of bluebirds, cycles of replacement of one by the other emerge as an indirect consequence of maternal influence on offspring behavior in response to local resource availability. Sampling across broad temporal and spatial scales, we found that western bluebirds, the more competitive species, bias the birth order of offspring by sex in a way that influences offspring aggression and dispersal, setting the stage for rapid increases in population density that ultimately result in the replacement of their sister species. Our results provide insight into how predictable community dynamics can occur despite the contingency of local behavioral interactions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Duckworth, Renee A -- Belloni, Virginia -- Anderson, Samantha R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Feb 20;347(6224):875-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1260154.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA. rad3@email.arizona.edu. ; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA. Department of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA. ; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25700519" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Androgens/analysis ; Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Clutch Size ; *Competitive Behavior ; *Ecosystem ; Egg Yolk/chemistry ; Female ; Fires ; Male ; *Maternal Behavior ; Population Density ; Songbirds/*physiology ; United States
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  • 36
    Publication Date: 2015-05-16
    Description: In animal gonads, PIWI-clade Argonaute proteins repress transposons sequence-specifically via bound Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs). These are processed from single-stranded precursor RNAs by largely unknown mechanisms. Here we show that primary piRNA biogenesis is a 3'-directed and phased process that, in the Drosophila germ line, is initiated by secondary piRNA-guided transcript cleavage. Phasing results from consecutive endonucleolytic cleavages catalyzed by Zucchini, implying coupled formation of 3' and 5' ends of flanking piRNAs. Unexpectedly, Zucchini also participates in 3' end formation of secondary piRNAs. Its function can, however, be bypassed by downstream piRNA-guided precursor cleavages coupled to exonucleolytic trimming. Our data uncover an evolutionarily conserved piRNA biogenesis mechanism in which Zucchini plays a central role in defining piRNA 5' and 3' ends.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mohn, Fabio -- Handler, Dominik -- Brennecke, Julius -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 May 15;348(6236):812-7. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa1039.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), Dr. Bohrgasse 3, 1030 Vienna, Austria. ; Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), Dr. Bohrgasse 3, 1030 Vienna, Austria. julius.brennecke@imba.oeaw.ac.at.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25977553" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Drosophila Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Drosophila melanogaster/*enzymology/genetics ; Endoribonucleases/genetics/*metabolism ; Evolution, Molecular ; Female ; Germ Cells/enzymology ; Male ; Mice ; Ovary/enzymology ; *RNA Cleavage ; RNA, Guide/*metabolism ; RNA, Small Interfering/biosynthesis/*metabolism ; RNA-Binding Proteins/genetics ; Testis/enzymology ; *Transcription, Genetic ; Uridine/metabolism
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  • 37
    Publication Date: 2015-10-24
    Description: Mammalian sleep comprises rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and non-REM (NREM) sleep. To functionally isolate from the complex mixture of neurons populating the brainstem pons those involved in switching between REM and NREM sleep, we chemogenetically manipulated neurons of a specific embryonic cell lineage in mice. We identified excitatory glutamatergic neurons that inhibit REM sleep and promote NREM sleep. These neurons shared a common developmental origin with neurons promoting wakefulness; both derived from a pool of proneural hindbrain cells expressing Atoh1 at embryonic day 10.5. We also identified inhibitory gamma-aminobutyric acid-releasing neurons that act downstream to inhibit REM sleep. Artificial reduction or prolongation of REM sleep in turn affected slow-wave activity during subsequent NREM sleep, implicating REM sleep in the regulation of NREM sleep.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hayashi, Yu -- Kashiwagi, Mitsuaki -- Yasuda, Kosuke -- Ando, Reiko -- Kanuka, Mika -- Sakai, Kazuya -- Itohara, Shigeyoshi -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Nov 20;350(6263):957-61. doi: 10.1126/science.aad1023. Epub 2015 Oct 22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan. Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan. hayashi.yu.fp@u.tsukuba.ac.jp sitohara@brain.riken.jp. ; International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan. ; Laboratory for Behavioral Genetics, Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-city, Saitama 351-0198, Japan. ; Integrative Physiology of the Brain Arousal System, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028-CNRS UMR5292, School of Medicine, Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, F-69373 Lyon, France. ; Laboratory for Behavioral Genetics, Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-city, Saitama 351-0198, Japan. hayashi.yu.fp@u.tsukuba.ac.jp sitohara@brain.riken.jp.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26494173" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/genetics/metabolism ; Brain Stem/cytology/physiology ; Cell Lineage ; Cell Separation ; Female ; Glutamates/metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Neurons/metabolism/*physiology ; Pons/cytology/physiology ; Rhombencephalon/*cytology/*embryology ; Sleep, REM/*physiology ; Wakefulness/*physiology ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
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  • 38
    Publication Date: 2015-08-22
    Description: Elucidating the signaling mechanism of strigolactones has been the key to controlling the devastating problem caused by the parasitic plant Striga hermonthica. To overcome the genetic intractability that has previously interfered with identification of the strigolactone receptor, we developed a fluorescence turn-on probe, Yoshimulactone Green (YLG), which activates strigolactone signaling and illuminates signal perception by the strigolactone receptors. Here we describe how strigolactones bind to and act via ShHTLs, the diverged family of alpha/beta hydrolase-fold proteins in Striga. Live imaging using YLGs revealed that a dynamic wavelike propagation of strigolactone perception wakes up Striga seeds. We conclude that ShHTLs function as the strigolactone receptors mediating seed germination in Striga. Our findings enable access to strigolactone receptors and observation of the regulatory dynamics for strigolactone signal transduction in Striga.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tsuchiya, Yuichiro -- Yoshimura, Masahiko -- Sato, Yoshikatsu -- Kuwata, Keiko -- Toh, Shigeo -- Holbrook-Smith, Duncan -- Zhang, Hua -- McCourt, Peter -- Itami, Kenichiro -- Kinoshita, Toshinori -- Hagihara, Shinya -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Aug 21;349(6250):864-8. doi: 10.1126/science.aab3831.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan. Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3B2, Canada. yuichiro@itbm.nagoya-u.ac.jp hagi@itbm.nagoya-u.ac.jp. ; Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan. Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan. ; Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan. ; Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3B2, Canada. ; Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan. Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan. Japan Science and Technology Agency-Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology, Itami Molecular Nanocarbon Project, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan. ; Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan. Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan. yuichiro@itbm.nagoya-u.ac.jp hagi@itbm.nagoya-u.ac.jp.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26293962" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Fluoresceins/chemistry/metabolism ; Fluorescence ; Fluorescent Dyes/chemistry/metabolism ; *Germination ; Hydrolases/metabolism ; Hydrolysis ; Lactones/*metabolism ; Molecular Imaging/methods ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Plant Growth Regulators/*metabolism ; Plant Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics/*metabolism ; Seeds/*growth & development/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Striga/*growth & development/metabolism
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  • 39
    Publication Date: 2015-01-31
    Description: The mechanistic basis of eukaryotic circadian oscillators in model systems as diverse as Neurospora, Drosophila, and mammalian cells is thought to be a transcription-and-translation-based negative feedback loop, wherein progressive and controlled phosphorylation of one or more negative elements ultimately elicits their own proteasome-mediated degradation, thereby releasing negative feedback and determining circadian period length. The Neurospora crassa circadian negative element FREQUENCY (FRQ) exemplifies such proteins; it is progressively phosphorylated at more than 100 sites, and strains bearing alleles of frq with anomalous phosphorylation display abnormal stability of FRQ that is well correlated with altered periods or apparent arrhythmicity. Unexpectedly, we unveiled normal circadian oscillations that reflect the allelic state of frq but that persist in the absence of typical degradation of FRQ. This manifest uncoupling of negative element turnover from circadian period length determination is not consistent with the consensus eukaryotic circadian model.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4432837/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4432837/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Larrondo, Luis F -- Olivares-Yanez, Consuelo -- Baker, Christopher L -- Loros, Jennifer J -- Dunlap, Jay C -- P01 GM68087/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM034985/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM083336/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM34985/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jan 30;347(6221):1257277. doi: 10.1126/science.1257277.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Millennium Nucleus for Fungal Integrative and Synthetic Biology, Departamento de Genetica Molecular y Microbiologia, Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Casilla 114-D, Santiago, Chile. Department of Genetics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA. jay.c.dunlap@dartmouth.edu llarrondo@bio.puc.cl. ; Millennium Nucleus for Fungal Integrative and Synthetic Biology, Departamento de Genetica Molecular y Microbiologia, Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Casilla 114-D, Santiago, Chile. ; Department of Genetics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA. ; Department of Genetics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA. Department of Biochemistry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA. ; Department of Genetics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA. jay.c.dunlap@dartmouth.edu llarrondo@bio.puc.cl.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25635104" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenine/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Alleles ; *Circadian Clocks ; *Circadian Rhythm ; Feedback, Physiological ; Fungal Proteins/biosynthesis/*genetics/*metabolism ; Half-Life ; Neurospora crassa/*physiology ; Phosphorylation ; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex/metabolism ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Protein Stability ; Proteolysis ; Signal Transduction
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  • 40
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-03-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Morell, Virginia -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Mar 20;347(6228):1302-7. doi: 10.1126/science.347.6228.1302.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25792312" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Conservation of Natural Resources ; Female ; *Food Chain ; Humans ; Male ; *Predatory Behavior ; Puma ; Ruminants ; United States ; Ursidae ; Wolves
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  • 41
    Publication Date: 2015-01-24
    Description: Resolving the molecular details of proteome variation in the different tissues and organs of the human body will greatly increase our knowledge of human biology and disease. Here, we present a map of the human tissue proteome based on an integrated omics approach that involves quantitative transcriptomics at the tissue and organ level, combined with tissue microarray-based immunohistochemistry, to achieve spatial localization of proteins down to the single-cell level. Our tissue-based analysis detected more than 90% of the putative protein-coding genes. We used this approach to explore the human secretome, the membrane proteome, the druggable proteome, the cancer proteome, and the metabolic functions in 32 different tissues and organs. All the data are integrated in an interactive Web-based database that allows exploration of individual proteins, as well as navigation of global expression patterns, in all major tissues and organs in the human body.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Uhlen, Mathias -- Fagerberg, Linn -- Hallstrom, Bjorn M -- Lindskog, Cecilia -- Oksvold, Per -- Mardinoglu, Adil -- Sivertsson, Asa -- Kampf, Caroline -- Sjostedt, Evelina -- Asplund, Anna -- Olsson, IngMarie -- Edlund, Karolina -- Lundberg, Emma -- Navani, Sanjay -- Szigyarto, Cristina Al-Khalili -- Odeberg, Jacob -- Djureinovic, Dijana -- Takanen, Jenny Ottosson -- Hober, Sophia -- Alm, Tove -- Edqvist, Per-Henrik -- Berling, Holger -- Tegel, Hanna -- Mulder, Jan -- Rockberg, Johan -- Nilsson, Peter -- Schwenk, Jochen M -- Hamsten, Marica -- von Feilitzen, Kalle -- Forsberg, Mattias -- Persson, Lukas -- Johansson, Fredric -- Zwahlen, Martin -- von Heijne, Gunnar -- Nielsen, Jens -- Ponten, Fredrik -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jan 23;347(6220):1260419. doi: 10.1126/science.1260419.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Science for Life Laboratory, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, SE-171 21 Stockholm, Sweden. Department of Proteomics, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden. Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2970 Horsholm, Denmark. mathias.uhlen@scilifelab.se. ; Science for Life Laboratory, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, SE-171 21 Stockholm, Sweden. ; Science for Life Laboratory, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, SE-171 21 Stockholm, Sweden. Department of Proteomics, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden. ; Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden. ; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden. ; Science for Life Laboratory, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, SE-171 21 Stockholm, Sweden. Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden. ; Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo) at Dortmund TU, D-44139 Dortmund, Germany. ; Lab Surgpath, Mumbai, India. ; Department of Proteomics, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden. ; Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden. ; Center for Biomembrane Research, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden. ; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2970 Horsholm, Denmark. Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25613900" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alternative Splicing ; Cell Line ; *Databases, Protein ; Female ; Genes ; Genetic Code ; Humans ; Internet ; Male ; Membrane Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Mitochondrial Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Neoplasms/genetics/metabolism ; Protein Array Analysis ; Protein Isoforms/genetics/metabolism ; Proteome/genetics/*metabolism ; Tissue Distribution ; Transcription, Genetic
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  • 42
    Publication Date: 2015-05-16
    Description: The social organization of mobile hunter-gatherers has several derived features, including low within-camp relatedness and fluid meta-groups. Although these features have been proposed to have provided the selective context for the evolution of human hypercooperation and cumulative culture, how such a distinctive social system may have emerged remains unclear. We present an agent-based model suggesting that, even if all individuals in a community seek to live with as many kin as possible, within-camp relatedness is reduced if men and women have equal influence in selecting camp members. Our model closely approximates observed patterns of co-residence among Agta and Mbendjele BaYaka hunter-gatherers. Our results suggest that pair-bonding and increased sex egalitarianism in human evolutionary history may have had a transformative effect on human social organization.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dyble, M -- Salali, G D -- Chaudhary, N -- Page, A -- Smith, D -- Thompson, J -- Vinicius, L -- Mace, R -- Migliano, A B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 May 15;348(6236):796-8. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa5139.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉University College London (UCL) Anthropology, 14 Taviton Street, London WC1H 0BW, UK. mark.dyble.12@ucl.ac.uk. ; University College London (UCL) Anthropology, 14 Taviton Street, London WC1H 0BW, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25977551" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Cooperative Behavior ; Cultural Evolution ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Models, Psychological ; *Sex ; *Social Networking
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  • 43
    Publication Date: 2015-02-28
    Description: Ebola virus causes sporadic outbreaks of lethal hemorrhagic fever in humans, but there is no currently approved therapy. Cells take up Ebola virus by macropinocytosis, followed by trafficking through endosomal vesicles. However, few factors controlling endosomal virus movement are known. Here we find that Ebola virus entry into host cells requires the endosomal calcium channels called two-pore channels (TPCs). Disrupting TPC function by gene knockout, small interfering RNAs, or small-molecule inhibitors halted virus trafficking and prevented infection. Tetrandrine, the most potent small molecule that we tested, inhibited infection of human macrophages, the primary target of Ebola virus in vivo, and also showed therapeutic efficacy in mice. Therefore, TPC proteins play a key role in Ebola virus infection and may be effective targets for antiviral therapy.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4550587/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4550587/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sakurai, Yasuteru -- Kolokoltsov, Andrey A -- Chen, Cheng-Chang -- Tidwell, Michael W -- Bauta, William E -- Klugbauer, Norbert -- Grimm, Christian -- Wahl-Schott, Christian -- Biel, Martin -- Davey, Robert A -- R01 AI063513/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01AI063513/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Feb 27;347(6225):995-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1258758.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA. ; The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA. ; Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM) at the Department of Pharmacy-Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, Munich, Germany. ; Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA. ; Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Albert-Ludwigs-Universitat Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. ; Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA. rdavey@txbiomed.org.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25722412" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antiviral Agents/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; BALB 3T3 Cells ; Benzylisoquinolines/pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Calcium Channel Blockers/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Calcium Channels/genetics/*physiology ; Ebolavirus/drug effects/*physiology ; Female ; Gene Knockout Techniques ; HeLa Cells ; Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola/drug therapy/*therapy/virology ; Humans ; Macrophages/drug effects/virology ; Mice ; *Molecular Targeted Therapy ; NADP/analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; RNA Interference ; Signal Transduction ; Verapamil/pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Virus Internalization/*drug effects
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  • 44
    Publication Date: 2015-07-15
    Description: Neurons in the macaque lateral intraparietal (LIP) area exhibit firing rates that appear to ramp upward or downward during decision-making. These ramps are commonly assumed to reflect the gradual accumulation of evidence toward a decision threshold. However, the ramping in trial-averaged responses could instead arise from instantaneous jumps at different times on different trials. We examined single-trial responses in LIP using statistical methods for fitting and comparing latent dynamical spike-train models. We compared models with latent spike rates governed by either continuous diffusion-to-bound dynamics or discrete "stepping" dynamics. Roughly three-quarters of the choice-selective neurons we recorded were better described by the stepping model. Moreover, the inferred steps carried more information about the animal's choice than spike counts.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Latimer, Kenneth W -- Yates, Jacob L -- Meister, Miriam L R -- Huk, Alexander C -- Pillow, Jonathan W -- EY017366/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- MH099611/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- T32DA018926/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- T32EY021462/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jul 10;349(6244):184-7. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa4056.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Perceptual Systems, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA. Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA. ; Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA. Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. ; Center for Perceptual Systems, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA. Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA. Department of Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA. Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA. ; Center for Perceptual Systems, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA. Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA. Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA. Princeton Neuroscience Institute and Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. pillow@princeton.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26160947" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Choice Behavior/*physiology ; Decision Making/*physiology ; Macaca ; Male ; Models, Neurological ; Neurons/physiology ; Parietal Lobe/*physiology
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  • 45
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-09-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Henriksen-Lacey, Malou -- Giner-Casares, Juan J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Sep 11;349(6253):1254. doi: 10.1126/science.349.6253.1254.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Malou Henriksen-Lacey is a biologist with a background in immunology. Juan J. Giner-Casares is a physical chemist with a background in nanomaterials. Both are postdoctoral researchers at CIC biomaGUNE in San Sebastian, Spain. For more on life and careers, visit sciencecareers.org. Send your story to SciCareerEditor@aaas.org.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26359404" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Allergy and Immunology ; *Biology ; *Chemistry, Physical ; Female ; Humans ; *Interprofessional Relations ; Male ; *Nanostructures
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  • 46
    Publication Date: 2015-04-25
    Description: Inflammatory CD4(+) T cell responses to self or commensal bacteria underlie the pathogenesis of autoimmunity and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), respectively. Although selection of self-specific T cells in the thymus limits responses to mammalian tissue antigens, the mechanisms that control selection of commensal bacteria-specific T cells remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that group 3 innate lymphoid cell (ILC3)-intrinsic expression of major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII) is regulated similarly to thymic epithelial cells and that MHCII(+) ILC3s directly induce cell death of activated commensal bacteria-specific T cells. Further, MHCII on colonic ILC3s was reduced in pediatric IBD patients. Collectively, these results define a selection pathway for commensal bacteria-specific CD4(+) T cells in the intestine and suggest that this process is dysregulated in human IBD.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4449822/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4449822/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hepworth, Matthew R -- Fung, Thomas C -- Masur, Samuel H -- Kelsen, Judith R -- McConnell, Fiona M -- Dubrot, Juan -- Withers, David R -- Hugues, Stephanie -- Farrar, Michael A -- Reith, Walter -- Eberl, Gerard -- Baldassano, Robert N -- Laufer, Terri M -- Elson, Charles O -- Sonnenberg, Gregory F -- DK071176/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DP5 OD012116/OD/NIH HHS/ -- DP5OD012116/OD/NIH HHS/ -- UL1-RR024134/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 May 29;348(6238):1031-5. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa4812. Epub 2015 Apr 23.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology Division, and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA. ; Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology Division, and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA. Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. ; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA. ; Medical Research Council, Centre for Immune Regulation, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK. ; Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland. ; Center for Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, MN, USA. ; Institut Pasteur, Microenvironment and Immunity Unit, Paris, France. ; Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA. ; Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA. ; Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology Division, and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA. gfsonnenberg@med.cornell.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25908663" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Apoptosis/immunology ; Autoimmunity ; Bacteria/*immunology ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Colon/*microbiology ; Female ; Flagellin/genetics/immunology ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class II/*immunology ; Humans ; *Immunity, Innate ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/immunology/*microbiology ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Symbiosis ; Thymus Gland/immunology
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  • 47
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-06-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lavelle, Marianne -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jun 19;348(6241):1300-5. doi: 10.1126/science.348.6241.1300.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26089493" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agricultural Irrigation ; Animals ; *Chickens ; Climate Change ; *Endangered Species ; Energy-Generating Resources ; Female ; *Grassland ; Herbivory ; Introduced Species ; Male
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  • 48
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-06-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Underwood, Emily -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jun 12;348(6240):1186-7. doi: 10.1126/science.348.6240.1186.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26068818" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Brain/*physiology ; Clinical Trials as Topic/*ethics ; Humans ; Implantable Neurostimulators/*ethics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Neurosciences/*ethics ; United States ; United States Food and Drug Administration
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  • 49
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-07-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sansom, David M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jul 24;349(6246):377-8. doi: 10.1126/science.aac7888. Epub 2015 Jul 23.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK. d.sansom@ucl.ac.uk.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26206917" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/*metabolism ; Autoimmune Diseases/*drug therapy ; CTLA-4 Antigen/*deficiency ; Common Variable Immunodeficiency/*drug therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoconjugates/*therapeutic use ; Male
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  • 50
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-01-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sandrian, Michelle Gabriele -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jan 16;347(6219):346. doi: 10.1126/science.347.6219.346.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Michelle Gabriele Sandrian is now an assistant professor of ophthalmology and bioengineering at the University of Pittsburgh in Pennsylvania. For more on life and careers, visit www.sciencecareers.org. Send your story to SciCareerEditor@aaas.org.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25593190" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Education, Graduate ; Europe ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; *Infant Care ; Male ; *Parental Leave ; United States ; *Women, Working
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  • 51
    Publication Date: 2015-09-01
    Description: Human mutations that truncate the massive sarcomere protein titin [TTN-truncating variants (TTNtvs)] are the most common genetic cause for dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), a major cause of heart failure and premature death. Here we show that cardiac microtissues engineered from human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells are a powerful system for evaluating the pathogenicity of titin gene variants. We found that certain missense mutations, like TTNtvs, diminish contractile performance and are pathogenic. By combining functional analyses with RNA sequencing, we explain why truncations in the A-band domain of TTN cause DCM, whereas truncations in the I band are better tolerated. Finally, we demonstrate that mutant titin protein in iPS cell-derived cardiomyocytes results in sarcomere insufficiency, impaired responses to mechanical and beta-adrenergic stress, and attenuated growth factor and cell signaling activation. Our findings indicate that titin mutations cause DCM by disrupting critical linkages between sarcomerogenesis and adaptive remodeling.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4618316/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4618316/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hinson, John T -- Chopra, Anant -- Nafissi, Navid -- Polacheck, William J -- Benson, Craig C -- Swist, Sandra -- Gorham, Joshua -- Yang, Luhan -- Schafer, Sebastian -- Sheng, Calvin C -- Haghighi, Alireza -- Homsy, Jason -- Hubner, Norbert -- Church, George -- Cook, Stuart A -- Linke, Wolfgang A -- Chen, Christopher S -- Seidman, J G -- Seidman, Christine E -- EB017103/EB/NIBIB NIH HHS/ -- HG005550/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- HL007374/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL115553/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL125807/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- K08 HL125807/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- T32 HL007208/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- Department of Health/United Kingdom -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Aug 28;349(6251):982-6. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa5458.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA. jthinson@partners.org cseidman@genetics.med.harvard.edu. ; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA. The Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA. ; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. ; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA. ; Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, MA 3/56 D-44780, Bochum, Germany. ; The Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. ; Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany. ; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA. ; Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany. DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany. ; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Unit in Cardiovascular Disease at Royal Brompton and Harefield National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Imperial College London, London, UK. National Heart Centre and Duke-National University, Singapore, Singapore. ; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA. jthinson@partners.org cseidman@genetics.med.harvard.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26315439" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenergic beta-Agonists/pharmacology ; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated/*genetics/pathology/*physiopathology ; Cells, Cultured ; Connectin/chemistry/*genetics/*physiology ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/*physiology ; Isoproterenol/pharmacology ; Mutant Proteins/chemistry/physiology ; *Mutation, Missense ; Myocardial Contraction ; Myocytes, Cardiac/*physiology ; RNA/genetics/metabolism ; Sarcomeres/*physiology/ultrastructure ; Sequence Analysis, RNA ; Signal Transduction ; Stress, Physiological
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  • 52
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-06-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lawler, Andrew -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jun 5;348(6239):1072-9. doi: 10.1126/science.348.6239.1072.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26045414" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Ethnic Groups ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Peru ; Rainforest ; *Social Isolation ; Vaccination
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  • 53
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-10-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Burstein, Deborah -- Hall-Craggs, Margaret -- Tempany, Clare -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Oct 16;350(6258):286. doi: 10.1126/science.350.6258.286-a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. dburstei@bidmc.harvard.edu. ; University College Hospital London, London, NW1 BU, UK. ; Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26472899" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Female ; Humans ; Male ; *Parental Leave ; *Parturition ; *Sexism ; Women/*psychology
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  • 54
    Publication Date: 2015-06-13
    Description: Cell division progresses to anaphase only after all chromosomes are connected to spindle microtubules through kinetochores and the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) is satisfied. We show that the amino-terminal localization module of the SAC protein kinase MPS1 (monopolar spindle 1) directly interacts with the HEC1 (highly expressed in cancer 1) calponin homology domain in the NDC80 (nuclear division cycle 80) kinetochore complex in vitro, in a phosphorylation-dependent manner. Microtubule polymers disrupted this interaction. In cells, MPS1 binding to kinetochores or to ectopic NDC80 complexes was prevented by end-on microtubule attachment, independent of known kinetochore protein-removal mechanisms. Competition for kinetochore binding between SAC proteins and microtubules provides a direct and perhaps evolutionarily conserved way to detect a properly organized spindle ready for cell division.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hiruma, Yoshitaka -- Sacristan, Carlos -- Pachis, Spyridon T -- Adamopoulos, Athanassios -- Kuijt, Timo -- Ubbink, Marcellus -- von Castelmur, Eleonore -- Perrakis, Anastassis -- Kops, Geert J P L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jun 12;348(6240):1264-7. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa4055. Epub 2015 Jun 11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Biochemistry, Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, Netherlands. Molecular Cancer Research, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CG Utrecht, Netherlands. Cancer Genomics Netherlands, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CG Utrecht, Netherlands. ; Molecular Cancer Research, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CG Utrecht, Netherlands. Cancer Genomics Netherlands, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CG Utrecht, Netherlands. ; Division of Biochemistry, Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, Netherlands. ; Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Post Office Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. ; Division of Biochemistry, Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, Netherlands. g.j.p.l.kops@umcutrecht.nl a.perrakis@nki.nl. ; Molecular Cancer Research, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CG Utrecht, Netherlands. Cancer Genomics Netherlands, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CG Utrecht, Netherlands. g.j.p.l.kops@umcutrecht.nl a.perrakis@nki.nl.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26068855" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anaphase ; Binding, Competitive ; Calcium-Binding Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; *Cell Cycle Checkpoints ; Cell Cycle Proteins/*metabolism ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Kinetochores/*metabolism ; Microfilament Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Microtubules/*metabolism ; Nuclear Proteins/chemistry/*metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/*metabolism ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/*metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Spindle Apparatus/*metabolism
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  • 55
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-02-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Erard, Michael -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Feb 27;347(6225):941-3. doi: 10.1126/science.347.6225.941.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25722393" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animal Experimentation/*standards ; Animals ; *Behavior, Animal ; Female ; Macaca mulatta ; Male ; *Names ; Observer Variation
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  • 56
    Publication Date: 2015-09-01
    Description: Mate choice models derive from traditional microeconomic decision theory and assume that individuals maximize their Darwinian fitness by making economically rational decisions. Rational choices exhibit regularity, whereby the relative strength of preferences between options remains stable when additional options are presented. We tested female frogs with three simulated males who differed in relative call attractiveness and call rate. In binary choice tests, females' preferences favored stimulus caller B over caller A; however, with the addition of an inferior "decoy" C, females reversed their preferences and chose A over B. These results show that the relative valuation of mates is not independent of inferior alternatives in the choice set and therefore cannot be explained with the rational choice models currently used in sexual selection theory.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lea, Amanda M -- Ryan, Michael J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Aug 28;349(6251):964-6. doi: 10.1126/science.aab2012.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA. alea@utexas.edu. ; Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Republic of Panama.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26315434" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anura/*physiology ; Choice Behavior ; Female ; Male ; *Mating Preference, Animal ; Vocalization, Animal
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  • 57
    Publication Date: 2015-10-03
    Description: Body-size constancy and symmetry are signs of developmental stability. Yet, it is unclear exactly how developing animals buffer size variation. Drosophila insulin-like peptide Dilp8 is responsive to growth perturbations and controls homeostatic mechanisms that coordinately adjust growth and maturation to maintain size within the normal range. Here we show that Lgr3 is a Dilp8 receptor. Through the use of functional and adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate assays, we defined a pair of Lgr3 neurons that mediate homeostatic regulation. These neurons have extensive axonal arborizations, and genetic and green fluorescent protein reconstitution across synaptic partners show that these neurons connect with the insulin-producing cells and prothoracicotropic hormone-producing neurons to attenuate growth and maturation. This previously unrecognized circuit suggests how growth and maturation rate are matched and co-regulated according to Dilp8 signals to stabilize organismal size.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vallejo, Diana M -- Juarez-Carreno, Sergio -- Bolivar, Jorge -- Morante, Javier -- Dominguez, Maria -- OD010949-10/OD/NIH HHS/ -- P40OD018537/OD/NIH HHS/ -- R01-GM084947/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Nov 13;350(6262):aac6767. doi: 10.1126/science.aac6767. Epub 2015 Oct 1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Instituto de Neurociencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas and Universidad Miguel Hernandez, Campus de Sant Joan, Apartado 18, 03550 Sant Joan, Alicante, Spain. ; Departamento de Biomedicina, Biotecnologia y Salud Publica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cadiz, Poligono Rio San Pedro s/n, 11510 Puerto Real, Spain. ; Instituto de Neurociencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas and Universidad Miguel Hernandez, Campus de Sant Joan, Apartado 18, 03550 Sant Joan, Alicante, Spain. m.dominguez@umh.es j.morante@umh.es.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26429885" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Monophosphate/metabolism ; Animals ; Body Size ; Brain/cytology/*growth & development/metabolism ; Drosophila Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Drosophila melanogaster/*growth & development/metabolism ; Homeostasis ; Insect Hormones/genetics/metabolism ; Insulin/*metabolism ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Nerve Net/cytology/metabolism ; Neurons/*metabolism ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/genetics/*metabolism ; Receptors, Peptide/genetics/*metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Synapses/metabolism
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  • 58
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-05-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Callier, Viviane -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 May 1;348(6234):488. doi: 10.1126/science.348.6234.488. Epub 2015 Apr 30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25931532" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Blood Chemical Analysis/*methods ; Carbon Isotopes/analysis/blood ; Crops, Agricultural/*chemistry ; *Diet ; Dietary Carbohydrates/*administration & dosage/*blood ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mass Spectrometry/methods ; Obesity/blood/epidemiology/*prevention & control ; Zea mays/chemistry
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  • 59
    Publication Date: 2015-03-31
    Description: The occurrence of Ebola virus (EBOV) in West Africa during 2013-2015 is unprecedented. Early reports suggested that in this outbreak EBOV is mutating twice as fast as previously observed, which indicates the potential for changes in transmissibility and virulence and could render current molecular diagnostics and countermeasures ineffective. We have determined additional full-length sequences from two clusters of imported EBOV infections into Mali, and we show that the nucleotide substitution rate (9.6 x 10(-4) substitutions per site per year) is consistent with rates observed in Central African outbreaks. In addition, overall variation among all genotypes observed remains low. Thus, our data indicate that EBOV is not undergoing rapid evolution in humans during the current outbreak. This finding has important implications for outbreak response and public health decisions and should alleviate several previously raised concerns.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hoenen, T -- Safronetz, D -- Groseth, A -- Wollenberg, K R -- Koita, O A -- Diarra, B -- Fall, I S -- Haidara, F C -- Diallo, F -- Sanogo, M -- Sarro, Y S -- Kone, A -- Togo, A C G -- Traore, A -- Kodio, M -- Dosseh, A -- Rosenke, K -- de Wit, E -- Feldmann, F -- Ebihara, H -- Munster, V J -- Zoon, K C -- Feldmann, H -- Sow, S -- Intramural NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Apr 3;348(6230):117-9. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa5646. Epub 2015 Mar 26.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Hamilton, MT 59840, USA. ; Bioinformatics and Computational Biosciences Branch, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; Center of Research and Training for HIV and Tuberculosis, University of Science, Technique and Technologies of Bamako, Mali. ; World Health Organization Office, Bamako, Mali. ; Centre des Operations d'Urgence, Centre pour le Developpement des Vaccins (CVD-Mali), Centre National d'Appui a la lutte contre la Maladie, Ministere de la Sante et de l'Hygiene Publique, Bamako, Mali. ; World Health Organization Inter-Country Support Team, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. ; Rocky Mountain Veterinary Branch, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, NIH, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA. ; Office of the Scientific Director, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20895, USA. ; Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Hamilton, MT 59840, USA. feldmannh@niaid.nih.gov ssow@medicine.umaryland.edu. ; Centre des Operations d'Urgence, Centre pour le Developpement des Vaccins (CVD-Mali), Centre National d'Appui a la lutte contre la Maladie, Ministere de la Sante et de l'Hygiene Publique, Bamako, Mali. feldmannh@niaid.nih.gov ssow@medicine.umaryland.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25814067" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Disease Outbreaks ; Ebolavirus/classification/*genetics/isolation & purification ; Genotype ; Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola/epidemiology/*virology ; Humans ; Mali/epidemiology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; *Mutation Rate ; Phylogeny
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 60
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-09-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nanus, David M -- Giannakakou, Paraskevi -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Sep 18;349(6254):1283-4. doi: 10.1126/science.aad2448.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, and Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA. dnanus@med.cornell.edu pag2015@med.cornell.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26383936" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Androgen Antagonists/*therapeutic use ; Animals ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/*genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating/*metabolism ; Phenylthiohydantoin/*analogs & derivatives ; Prostatic Neoplasms/*drug therapy/*pathology ; Receptors, Androgen/*genetics ; Wnt Proteins/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 61
    Publication Date: 2015-09-12
    Description: Monoclonal antibodies directed against cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4), such as ipilimumab, yield considerable clinical benefit for patients with metastatic melanoma by inhibiting immune checkpoint activity, but clinical predictors of response to these therapies remain incompletely characterized. To investigate the roles of tumor-specific neoantigens and alterations in the tumor microenvironment in the response to ipilimumab, we analyzed whole exomes from pretreatment melanoma tumor biopsies and matching germline tissue samples from 110 patients. For 40 of these patients, we also obtained and analyzed transcriptome data from the pretreatment tumor samples. Overall mutational load, neoantigen load, and expression of cytolytic markers in the immune microenvironment were significantly associated with clinical benefit. However, no recurrent neoantigen peptide sequences predicted responder patient populations. Thus, detailed integrated molecular characterization of large patient cohorts may be needed to identify robust determinants of response and resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Van Allen, Eliezer M -- Miao, Diana -- Schilling, Bastian -- Shukla, Sachet A -- Blank, Christian -- Zimmer, Lisa -- Sucker, Antje -- Hillen, Uwe -- Foppen, Marnix H Geukes -- Goldinger, Simone M -- Utikal, Jochen -- Hassel, Jessica C -- Weide, Benjamin -- Kaehler, Katharina C -- Loquai, Carmen -- Mohr, Peter -- Gutzmer, Ralf -- Dummer, Reinhard -- Gabriel, Stacey -- Wu, Catherine J -- Schadendorf, Dirk -- Garraway, Levi A -- U54 HG003067/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Oct 9;350(6257):207-11. doi: 10.1126/science.aad0095. Epub 2015 Sep 10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA. ; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. ; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany. German Cancer Consortium(DKTK), 69121 Heidelberg, Germany. ; Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, Netherlands. ; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland. ; Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center(DKTK), 69121 Heidelberg, Germany. Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center(DKTK), 69121 Heidelberg, Germany. Department of Dermatology, Venerology, and Allergology, University Medical Center, Ruprecht-Karls University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany. ; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Ruprecht-Karls University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. ; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Tubingen, 72076 Tubingen, Germany. ; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany. ; Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, 55131 Mainz, Germany. ; Department of Dermatology, Elbe-Kliniken, 21614 Buxtehude, Germany. ; Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Skin Cancer Center Hannover, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany. ; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. ; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany. German Cancer Consortium(DKTK), 69121 Heidelberg, Germany. levi_garraway@dfci.harvard.edu dirk.schadendorf@uk-essen.de. ; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA. levi_garraway@dfci.harvard.edu dirk.schadendorf@uk-essen.de.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26359337" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Antigens, Neoplasm/*genetics ; *Biomarkers, Pharmacological ; CTLA-4 Antigen/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Cell Cycle Checkpoints/genetics/immunology ; Cohort Studies ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics ; Exome ; Female ; Genomics ; HLA Antigens/genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Melanoma/*drug therapy/*genetics/secondary ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Skin Neoplasms/*drug therapy/*genetics/pathology ; Tumor Microenvironment/drug effects/immunology ; Young Adult
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 62
    Publication Date: 2015-05-16
    Description: Voelkle challenges our conclusions regarding the relationship between morality and momentary happiness/sense of purpose based on methodological concerns. We show that our main conclusions are not affected by this methodological critique and clarify that the discrepancies between our and Voelkle's effect size estimates can be reconciled by the realization that two different (but compatible) research questions are being asked.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hofmann, Wilhelm -- Wisneski, Daniel C -- Brandt, Mark J -- Skitka, Linda J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 May 15;348(6236):767. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa3053.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychology, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany. wilhelm.hofmann@uni-koeln.de. ; Department of Psychology, Saint Peter's University, Jersey City, NJ 07306, USA. ; Department of Social Psychology, Tilburg University, 5037 AB, Tilburg, Netherlands. ; Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25977545" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Female ; Humans ; Male ; *Morals
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 63
    Publication Date: 2015-06-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Van Hiel, Alain -- Roets, Arne -- Van Assche, Jasper -- Bostyn, Dries -- De keersmaecker, Jonas -- Haesevoets, Tessa -- Joosten, Anne -- Stadeus, Jonas -- Onraet, Emma -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jun 12;348(6240):1216. doi: 10.1126/science.348.6240.1216-a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Ghent University, Department of Developmental, Personality and Social Psychology, Social Psychology Unit, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium. alain.vanhiel@ugent.be. ; Ghent University, Department of Developmental, Personality and Social Psychology, Social Psychology Unit, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26068838" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Female ; *Happiness ; Humans ; Male ; *Politics ; *Self-Assessment
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  • 64
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-10-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nathan, Carl -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Oct 9;350(6257):161. doi: 10.1126/science.aad4141.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA. cnathan@med.cornell.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26450196" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Female ; *Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Humans ; Immune System Diseases/*microbiology/*pathology ; Lymphatic Diseases/*pathology ; Male ; Yersinia pseudotuberculosis/*physiology ; Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Infections/*immunology
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  • 65
    Publication Date: 2015-11-21
    Description: Stabilization of the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) increases life span and health span in nematodes through an unknown mechanism. We report that neuronal stabilization of HIF-1 mediates these effects in Caenorhabditis elegans through a cell nonautonomous signal to the intestine, which results in activation of the xenobiotic detoxification enzyme flavin-containing monooxygenase-2 (FMO-2). This prolongevity signal requires the serotonin biosynthetic enzyme TPH-1 in neurons and the serotonin receptor SER-7 in the intestine. Intestinal FMO-2 is also activated by dietary restriction (DR) and is necessary for DR-mediated life-span extension, which suggests that this enzyme represents a point of convergence for two distinct longevity pathways. FMOs are conserved in eukaryotes and induced by multiple life span-extending interventions in mice, which suggests that these enzymes may play a critical role in promoting health and longevity across phyla.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Leiser, Scott F -- Miller, Hillary -- Rossner, Ryan -- Fletcher, Marissa -- Leonard, Alison -- Primitivo, Melissa -- Rintala, Nicholas -- Ramos, Fresnida J -- Miller, Dana L -- Kaeberlein, Matt -- P30AG013280/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R00AGA0033050/PHS HHS/ -- R01AG038518/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- T32AG000057/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Dec 11;350(6266):1375-8. doi: 10.1126/science.aac9257. Epub 2015 Nov 19.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. ; Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. ; Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. kaeber@uw.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26586189" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Caenorhabditis elegans/genetics/metabolism/*physiology ; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins/chemistry/genetics/metabolism/*physiology ; Diet ; Intestines/*enzymology ; Longevity/genetics/*physiology ; Mice ; Neurons/*metabolism ; Oxygenases/genetics/*physiology ; Protein Stability ; RNA Interference ; Receptors, Serotonin/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Transcription Factors/chemistry/*metabolism ; Tryptophan Hydroxylase/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 66
    Publication Date: 2015-01-03
    Description: Variation in vectorial capacity for human malaria among Anopheles mosquito species is determined by many factors, including behavior, immunity, and life history. To investigate the genomic basis of vectorial capacity and explore new avenues for vector control, we sequenced the genomes of 16 anopheline mosquito species from diverse locations spanning ~100 million years of evolution. Comparative analyses show faster rates of gene gain and loss, elevated gene shuffling on the X chromosome, and more intron losses, relative to Drosophila. Some determinants of vectorial capacity, such as chemosensory genes, do not show elevated turnover but instead diversify through protein-sequence changes. This dynamism of anopheline genes and genomes may contribute to their flexible capacity to take advantage of new ecological niches, including adapting to humans as primary hosts.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4380271/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4380271/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Neafsey, Daniel E -- Waterhouse, Robert M -- Abai, Mohammad R -- Aganezov, Sergey S -- Alekseyev, Max A -- Allen, James E -- Amon, James -- Arca, Bruno -- Arensburger, Peter -- Artemov, Gleb -- Assour, Lauren A -- Basseri, Hamidreza -- Berlin, Aaron -- Birren, Bruce W -- Blandin, Stephanie A -- Brockman, Andrew I -- Burkot, Thomas R -- Burt, Austin -- Chan, Clara S -- Chauve, Cedric -- Chiu, Joanna C -- Christensen, Mikkel -- Costantini, Carlo -- Davidson, Victoria L M -- Deligianni, Elena -- Dottorini, Tania -- Dritsou, Vicky -- Gabriel, Stacey B -- Guelbeogo, Wamdaogo M -- Hall, Andrew B -- Han, Mira V -- Hlaing, Thaung -- Hughes, Daniel S T -- Jenkins, Adam M -- Jiang, Xiaofang -- Jungreis, Irwin -- Kakani, Evdoxia G -- Kamali, Maryam -- Kemppainen, Petri -- Kennedy, Ryan C -- Kirmitzoglou, Ioannis K -- Koekemoer, Lizette L -- Laban, Njoroge -- Langridge, Nicholas -- Lawniczak, Mara K N -- Lirakis, Manolis -- Lobo, Neil F -- Lowy, Ernesto -- MacCallum, Robert M -- Mao, Chunhong -- Maslen, Gareth -- Mbogo, Charles -- McCarthy, Jenny -- Michel, Kristin -- Mitchell, Sara N -- Moore, Wendy -- Murphy, Katherine A -- Naumenko, Anastasia N -- Nolan, Tony -- Novoa, Eva M -- O'Loughlin, Samantha -- Oringanje, Chioma -- Oshaghi, Mohammad A -- Pakpour, Nazzy -- Papathanos, Philippos A -- Peery, Ashley N -- Povelones, Michael -- Prakash, Anil -- Price, David P -- Rajaraman, Ashok -- Reimer, Lisa J -- Rinker, David C -- Rokas, Antonis -- Russell, Tanya L -- Sagnon, N'Fale -- Sharakhova, Maria V -- Shea, Terrance -- Simao, Felipe A -- Simard, Frederic -- Slotman, Michel A -- Somboon, Pradya -- Stegniy, Vladimir -- Struchiner, Claudio J -- Thomas, Gregg W C -- Tojo, Marta -- Topalis, Pantelis -- Tubio, Jose M C -- Unger, Maria F -- Vontas, John -- Walton, Catherine -- Wilding, Craig S -- Willis, Judith H -- Wu, Yi-Chieh -- Yan, Guiyun -- Zdobnov, Evgeny M -- Zhou, Xiaofan -- Catteruccia, Flaminia -- Christophides, George K -- Collins, Frank H -- Cornman, Robert S -- Crisanti, Andrea -- Donnelly, Martin J -- Emrich, Scott J -- Fontaine, Michael C -- Gelbart, William -- Hahn, Matthew W -- Hansen, Immo A -- Howell, Paul I -- Kafatos, Fotis C -- Kellis, Manolis -- Lawson, Daniel -- Louis, Christos -- Luckhart, Shirley -- Muskavitch, Marc A T -- Ribeiro, Jose M -- Riehle, Michael A -- Sharakhov, Igor V -- Tu, Zhijian -- Zwiebel, Laurence J -- Besansky, Nora J -- 092654/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- R01 AI050243/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI063508/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI073745/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI076584/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI080799/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI104956/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R21 AI101459/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R56 AI107263/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- SC1 AI109055/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U19 AI089686/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U19 AI110818/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U41 HG007234/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG003067/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jan 2;347(6217):1258522. doi: 10.1126/science.1258522. Epub 2014 Nov 27.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Genome Sequencing and Analysis Program, Broad Institute, 415 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. neafsey@broadinstitute.org nbesansk@nd.edu. ; Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 32 Vassar Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. The Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, 415 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland. ; Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health and Institute of Health Researches, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ; George Washington University, Department of Mathematics and Computational Biology Institute, 45085 University Drive, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA. ; European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, EMBL-EBI, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK. ; National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Tafea Province, Vanuatu. ; Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Division of Parasitology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy. ; Department of Biological Sciences, California State Polytechnic-Pomona, 3801 West Temple Avenue, Pomona, CA 91768, USA. ; Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Avenue, Tomsk, Russia. ; Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Eck Institute for Global Health, 211B Cushing Hall, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA. ; Genome Sequencing and Analysis Program, Broad Institute, 415 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. ; Inserm, U963, F-67084 Strasbourg, France. CNRS, UPR9022, IBMC, F-67084 Strasbourg, France. ; Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK. ; Faculty of Medicine, Health and Molecular Science, Australian Institute of Tropical Health Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns 4870, Australia. ; Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Ascot SL5 7PY, UK. ; Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 32 Vassar Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. The Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, 415 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. ; Department of Mathematics, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. ; Department of Entomology and Nematology, One Shields Avenue, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA. ; Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement, Unites Mixtes de Recherche Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs Ecologie, Genetique, Evolution et Controle, 911, Avenue Agropolis, BP 64501 Montpellier, France. ; Division of Biology, Kansas State University, 271 Chalmers Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA. ; Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, Hellas, Nikolaou Plastira 100 GR-70013, Heraklion, Crete, Greece. ; Centre of Functional Genomics, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy. ; Genomics Platform, Broad Institute, 415 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. ; Centre National de Recherche et de Formation sur le Paludisme, Ouagadougou 01 BP 2208, Burkina Faso. ; Program of Genetics, Bioinformatics, and Computational Biology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA. ; School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA. ; Department of Medical Research, No. 5 Ziwaka Road, Dagon Township, Yangon 11191, Myanmar. ; European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, EMBL-EBI, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK. Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA. ; Boston College, 140 Commonwealth Avenue, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA. ; Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA. Program of Genetics, Bioinformatics, and Computational Biology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA. ; Harvard School of Public Health, Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Scienze Biochimiche, Universita degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy. ; Department of Entomology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA. ; Computational Evolutionary Biology Group, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK. ; Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. ; Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK. Bioinformatics Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, New Campus, University of Cyprus, CY 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus. ; Wits Research Institute for Malaria, Faculty of Health Sciences, and Vector Control Reference Unit, National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Sandringham 2131, Johannesburg, South Africa. ; National Museums of Kenya, P.O. Box 40658-00100, Nairobi, Kenya. ; Department of Biology, University of Crete, 700 13 Heraklion, Greece. ; Eck Institute for Global Health and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, 317 Galvin Life Sciences Building, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA. ; Virginia Bioinformatics Institute, 1015 Life Science Circle, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA. ; Kenya Medical Research Institute-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Centre for Geographic Medicine Research - Coast, P.O. Box 230-80108, Kilifi, Kenya. ; Harvard School of Public Health, Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Boston, MA 02115, USA. ; Department of Entomology, 1140 East South Campus Drive, Forbes 410, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA. ; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA. ; Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK. Centre of Functional Genomics, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy. ; Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, 3800 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. ; Regional Medical Research Centre NE, Indian Council of Medical Research, P.O. Box 105, Dibrugarh-786 001, Assam, India. ; Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA. Molecular Biology Program, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA. ; Department of Vector Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, L3 5QA, UK. ; Center for Human Genetics Research, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37235, USA. ; Center for Human Genetics Research, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37235, USA. Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA. ; Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland. ; Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77807, USA. ; Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. ; Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Avenida Brasil 4365, RJ Brazil. Instituto de Medicina Social, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. ; School of Informatics and Computing, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA. ; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruna, Spain. ; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SA, UK. ; School of Natural Sciences and Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK. ; Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA. ; Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 32 Vassar Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. The Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, 415 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. Department of Computer Science, Harvey Mudd College, Claremont, CA 91711, USA. ; Program in Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Hewitt Hall, Irvine, CA 92697, USA. ; Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA. ; Department of Vector Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, L3 5QA, UK. Malaria Programme, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge CB10 1SJ, UK. ; Eck Institute for Global Health and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, 317 Galvin Life Sciences Building, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA. Centre of Evolutionary and Ecological Studies (Marine Evolution and Conservation group), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, NL-9747 AG Groningen, Netherlands. ; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, 16 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. ; Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA. School of Informatics and Computing, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA. ; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE MSG49, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. ; Department of Biology, University of Crete, 700 13 Heraklion, Greece. Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, Hellas, Nikolaou Plastira 100 GR-70013, Heraklion, Crete, Greece. Centre of Functional Genomics, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy. ; Boston College, 140 Commonwealth Avenue, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA. Biogen Idec, 14 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. ; Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, 12735 Twinbrook Parkway, Rockville, MD 20852, USA. ; Department of Entomology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA. Program of Genetics, Bioinformatics, and Computational Biology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA. ; Program of Genetics, Bioinformatics, and Computational Biology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA. Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA. ; Departments of Biological Sciences and Pharmacology, Institutes for Chemical Biology, Genetics and Global Health, Vanderbilt University and Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37235, USA. ; Eck Institute for Global Health and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, 317 Galvin Life Sciences Building, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA. neafsey@broadinstitute.org nbesansk@nd.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25554792" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anopheles/classification/*genetics ; Base Sequence ; Chromosomes, Insect/genetics ; Drosophila/genetics ; *Evolution, Molecular ; *Genome, Insect ; Humans ; Insect Vectors/classification/*genetics ; Malaria/*transmission ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Sequence Alignment
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 67
    Publication Date: 2015-01-17
    Description: The gender imbalance in STEM subjects dominates current debates about women's underrepresentation in academia. However, women are well represented at the Ph.D. level in some sciences and poorly represented in some humanities (e.g., in 2011, 54% of U.S. Ph.D.'s in molecular biology were women versus only 31% in philosophy). We hypothesize that, across the academic spectrum, women are underrepresented in fields whose practitioners believe that raw, innate talent is the main requirement for success, because women are stereotyped as not possessing such talent. This hypothesis extends to African Americans' underrepresentation as well, as this group is subject to similar stereotypes. Results from a nationwide survey of academics support our hypothesis (termed the field-specific ability beliefs hypothesis) over three competing hypotheses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Leslie, Sarah-Jane -- Cimpian, Andrei -- Meyer, Meredith -- Freeland, Edward -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jan 16;347(6219):262-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1261375.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Philosophy, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. ; Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA. ; Department of Psychology, Otterbein University, Westerville, OH 43081, USA. ; Survey Research Center, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25593183" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Achievement ; African Americans ; *Aptitude ; *Attitude ; Career Choice ; Culture ; Education, Graduate ; Faculty ; Female ; Humans ; *Intelligence ; Male ; Natural Science Disciplines/*manpower ; Sex Characteristics ; *Sexism ; Social Sciences/*manpower ; Stereotyping ; Students ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Women
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 68
    Publication Date: 2015-11-07
    Description: Antibodies targeting CTLA-4 have been successfully used as cancer immunotherapy. We find that the antitumor effects of CTLA-4 blockade depend on distinct Bacteroides species. In mice and patients, T cell responses specific for B. thetaiotaomicron or B. fragilis were associated with the efficacy of CTLA-4 blockade. Tumors in antibiotic-treated or germ-free mice did not respond to CTLA blockade. This defect was overcome by gavage with B. fragilis, by immunization with B. fragilis polysaccharides, or by adoptive transfer of B. fragilis-specific T cells. Fecal microbial transplantation from humans to mice confirmed that treatment of melanoma patients with antibodies against CTLA-4 favored the outgrowth of B. fragilis with anticancer properties. This study reveals a key role for Bacteroidales in the immunostimulatory effects of CTLA-4 blockade.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4721659/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4721659/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vetizou, Marie -- Pitt, Jonathan M -- Daillere, Romain -- Lepage, Patricia -- Waldschmitt, Nadine -- Flament, Caroline -- Rusakiewicz, Sylvie -- Routy, Bertrand -- Roberti, Maria P -- Duong, Connie P M -- Poirier-Colame, Vichnou -- Roux, Antoine -- Becharef, Sonia -- Formenti, Silvia -- Golden, Encouse -- Cording, Sascha -- Eberl, Gerard -- Schlitzer, Andreas -- Ginhoux, Florent -- Mani, Sridhar -- Yamazaki, Takahiro -- Jacquelot, Nicolas -- Enot, David P -- Berard, Marion -- Nigou, Jerome -- Opolon, Paule -- Eggermont, Alexander -- Woerther, Paul-Louis -- Chachaty, Elisabeth -- Chaput, Nathalie -- Robert, Caroline -- Mateus, Christina -- Kroemer, Guido -- Raoult, Didier -- Boneca, Ivo Gomperts -- Carbonnel, Franck -- Chamaillard, Mathias -- Zitvogel, Laurence -- R01 CA161879/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Nov 27;350(6264):1079-84. doi: 10.1126/science.aad1329. Epub 2015 Nov 5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institut de Cancerologie Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France. INSERM U1015, GRCC, Villejuif, France. University of Paris Sud XI, Kremlin-Bicetre, France. ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Micalis-UMR1319, 78360 Jouy-en-Josas, France. ; University of Lille, CNRS, INSERM, Centre Hospitalier Regional Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019, UMR 8204, Centre d'Infection et d'Immunite de Lille (CIIL), F-59000 Lille, France. ; Institut de Cancerologie Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France. INSERM U1015, GRCC, Villejuif, France. Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer 1428, Villejuif, France. ; Institut de Cancerologie Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France. INSERM U1015, GRCC, Villejuif, France. University of Paris Sud XI, Kremlin-Bicetre, France. Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer 1428, Villejuif, France. ; Institut de Cancerologie Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France. INSERM U1015, GRCC, Villejuif, France. Universite Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France. ; Department of Radiation Oncology, New York University, New York, NY, USA. ; Microenvironment and Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France. ; Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore. ; Department of Genetics and Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA. ; Institut de Cancerologie Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France. Universite Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France. Metabolomics Platform, GRCC, Villejuif, France. ; Animalerie Centrale, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France. ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Toulouse, France. Universite de Toulouse, Universite Paul Sabatier, IPBS, F-31077 Toulouse, France. ; Institut de Cancerologie Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France. ; Institut de Cancerologie Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France. INSERM U1015, GRCC, Villejuif, France. Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France. ; Service de microbiologie, GRCC, Villejuif, France. ; Institut de Cancerologie Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France. Laboratory of Immunomonitoring in Oncology, UMS 3655 CNRS/US 23 INSERM, GRCC, Villejuif, France. ; Institut de Cancerologie Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France. Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France. INSERM U981, GRCC, Villejuif, France. ; Institut de Cancerologie Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France. Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France. ; Universite Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France. Metabolomics Platform, GRCC, Villejuif, France. INSERM U848, Villejuif, France. Equipe 11 Labellisee-Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Paris, France. Pole de Biologie, Hopital Europeen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Paris, France. ; Unite des Rickettsies, Faculte de Medecine, Universite de la Mediterranee, Marseille, France. ; Institut Pasteur, Unit of Biology and Genetics of the Bacterial Cell Wall, Paris, France. INSERM, Equipe Avenir, Paris, France. ; University of Paris Sud XI, Kremlin-Bicetre, France. Gastroenterology Department, Hopital Bicetre, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Paris, France. ; Institut de Cancerologie Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France. INSERM U1015, GRCC, Villejuif, France. University of Paris Sud XI, Kremlin-Bicetre, France. Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer 1428, Villejuif, France. laurence.zitvogel@gustaveroussy.fr.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26541610" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/adverse effects/*therapeutic use ; Bacteroides/*immunology ; CTLA-4 Antigen/*antagonists & inhibitors/immunology ; Dysbiosis/immunology ; Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/drug effects/*immunology ; Germ-Free Life/immunology ; Humans ; Immunologic Memory ; Immunotherapy ; Intestines/immunology/microbiology ; Male ; Melanoma/*therapy ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Middle Aged ; Skin Neoplasms/*therapy ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology
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  • 69
    Publication Date: 2015-05-30
    Description: Although people may endorse egalitarianism and tolerance, social biases can remain operative and drive harmful actions in an unconscious manner. Here, we investigated training to reduce implicit racial and gender bias. Forty participants processed counterstereotype information paired with one sound for each type of bias. Biases were reduced immediately after training. During subsequent slow-wave sleep, one sound was unobtrusively presented to each participant, repeatedly, to reactivate one type of training. Corresponding bias reductions were fortified in comparison with the social bias not externally reactivated during sleep. This advantage remained 1 week later, the magnitude of which was associated with time in slow-wave and rapid-eye-movement sleep after training. We conclude that memory reactivation during sleep enhances counterstereotype training and that maintaining a bias reduction is sleep-dependent.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4467959/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4467959/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hu, Xiaoqing -- Antony, James W -- Creery, Jessica D -- Vargas, Iliana M -- Bodenhausen, Galen V -- Paller, Ken A -- F31 MH100958/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- F31-MH100958/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- T32 AG020506/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- T32-AG020418/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 May 29;348(6238):1013-5. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa3841.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA. Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA. ; Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA. Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. ; Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA. ; Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA. kap@northwestern.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26023137" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; *Cognition ; Continental Population Groups/psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Memory/*physiology ; Prejudice/*psychology ; Sex Factors ; Sleep, REM/*physiology ; Young Adult
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  • 70
    Publication Date: 2015-06-13
    Description: Sex determination is an essential step in the commitment of a germ cell to a sperm or egg. However, the intrinsic factors that determine the sexual fate of vertebrate germ cells are unknown. Here, we show that foxl3, which is expressed in germ cells but not somatic cells in the gonad, is involved in sperm-egg fate decision in medaka fish. Adult XX medaka with disrupted foxl3 developed functional sperm in the expanded germinal epithelium of a histologically functional ovary. In chimeric medaka, mutant germ cells initiated spermatogenesis in female wild-type gonad. These results indicate that a germ cell-intrinsic cue for the sperm-egg fate decision is present in medaka and that spermatogenesis can proceed in a female gonadal environment.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nishimura, Toshiya -- Sato, Tetsuya -- Yamamoto, Yasuhiro -- Watakabe, Ikuko -- Ohkawa, Yasuyuki -- Suyama, Mikita -- Kobayashi, Satoru -- Tanaka, Minoru -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jul 17;349(6245):328-31. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa2657. Epub 2015 Jun 11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Molecular Genetics for Reproduction, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan. Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Okazaki 444-8585, Japan. ; Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan. Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan. ; Laboratory of Molecular Genetics for Reproduction, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan. ; Department of Advanced Medical Initiatives, JST-CREST, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan. ; Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Okazaki 444-8585, Japan. Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan. ; Laboratory of Molecular Genetics for Reproduction, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan. Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Okazaki 444-8585, Japan. mtanaka@nibb.ac.jp.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26067255" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Female ; Forkhead Transcription Factors/genetics/*physiology ; Male ; Oocytes/cytology/*physiology ; Oryzias/genetics/*growth & development ; Sex Determination Processes/*genetics ; Spermatogenesis/genetics ; Spermatozoa/cytology/*physiology
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  • 71
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-05-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Feld, Gordon B -- Born, Jan -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 May 29;348(6238):971-2. doi: 10.1126/science.aab4048.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉University of Tuebingen, Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, Otfried-Muller-Strabetae 25, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany. jan.born@uni-tuebingen.de gordon.feld@uni-tuebingen.de.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26023122" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Cognition ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Memory/*physiology ; Prejudice/*psychology ; Sleep, REM/*physiology
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  • 72
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-05-16
    Description: In examining morality in everyday life, Hofmann et al. (Reports, 12 September 2014, p. 1340) conclude that being the target of (im)moral deeds impacts happiness, whereas committing them primarily affects one's sense of purpose. I point to shortcomings in the analyses and interpretations and caution that, based on the methodological approach, conclusions about everyday life relationships between morality and happiness/purpose are premature.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Voelkle, Manuel C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 May 15;348(6236):767. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa2409.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Humboldt University Berlin, Department of Psychology, Rudower Chaussee 18, 12489 Berlin, Germany. Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Lentzeallee 94, 14195 Berlin, Germany. voelkle@mpib-berlin.mpg.de.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25977544" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Female ; Humans ; Male ; *Morals
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  • 73
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-04-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vohr, Samuel H -- Green, Richard E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Apr 10;348(6231):180-1. doi: 10.1126/science.aab0877.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA. ; Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA. ed@soe.ucsc.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25859029" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aneuploidy ; Embryo, Mammalian/*physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; *Mitosis ; *Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/*genetics
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  • 74
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-11-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vyazovskiy, Vladyslav V -- 098461/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 98461/Z/12/Z/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Nov 20;350(6263):909-10. doi: 10.1126/science.aad6489.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. vladyslav.vyazovskiy@dpag.ox.ac.uk.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26586746" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Female ; Male ; Neurons/*physiology ; Rhombencephalon/*cytology/*embryology ; Sleep, REM/*physiology ; Wakefulness/*physiology
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  • 75
    Publication Date: 2015-05-23
    Description: Species interaction networks are shaped by abiotic and biotic factors. Here, as part of the Tara Oceans project, we studied the photic zone interactome using environmental factors and organismal abundance profiles and found that environmental factors are incomplete predictors of community structure. We found associations across plankton functional types and phylogenetic groups to be nonrandomly distributed on the network and driven by both local and global patterns. We identified interactions among grazers, primary producers, viruses, and (mainly parasitic) symbionts and validated network-generated hypotheses using microscopy to confirm symbiotic relationships. We have thus provided a resource to support further research on ocean food webs and integrating biological components into ocean models.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lima-Mendez, Gipsi -- Faust, Karoline -- Henry, Nicolas -- Decelle, Johan -- Colin, Sebastien -- Carcillo, Fabrizio -- Chaffron, Samuel -- Ignacio-Espinosa, J Cesar -- Roux, Simon -- Vincent, Flora -- Bittner, Lucie -- Darzi, Youssef -- Wang, Jun -- Audic, Stephane -- Berline, Leo -- Bontempi, Gianluca -- Cabello, Ana M -- Coppola, Laurent -- Cornejo-Castillo, Francisco M -- d'Ovidio, Francesco -- De Meester, Luc -- Ferrera, Isabel -- Garet-Delmas, Marie-Jose -- Guidi, Lionel -- Lara, Elena -- Pesant, Stephane -- Royo-Llonch, Marta -- Salazar, Guillem -- Sanchez, Pablo -- Sebastian, Marta -- Souffreau, Caroline -- Dimier, Celine -- Picheral, Marc -- Searson, Sarah -- Kandels-Lewis, Stefanie -- Tara Oceans coordinators -- Gorsky, Gabriel -- Not, Fabrice -- Ogata, Hiroyuki -- Speich, Sabrina -- Stemmann, Lars -- Weissenbach, Jean -- Wincker, Patrick -- Acinas, Silvia G -- Sunagawa, Shinichi -- Bork, Peer -- Sullivan, Matthew B -- Karsenti, Eric -- Bowler, Chris -- de Vargas, Colomban -- Raes, Jeroen -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 May 22;348(6237):1262073. doi: 10.1126/science.1262073.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. VIB Center for the Biology of Disease, VIB, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. Department of Applied Biological Sciences (DBIT) Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium. ; Station Biologique de Roscoff, CNRS, UMR 7144, Place Georges Teissier, 29680 Roscoff, France. Sorbonne Universites, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) Universite Paris 06, UMR 7144, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, 29680 Roscoff, France. ; Station Biologique de Roscoff, CNRS, UMR 7144, Place Georges Teissier, 29680 Roscoff, France. Sorbonne Universites, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) Universite Paris 06, UMR 7144, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, 29680 Roscoff, France. Ecole Normale Superieure, Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), Inserm U1024, CNRS UMR 8197, Paris, F-75005 France. ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. VIB Center for the Biology of Disease, VIB, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. Department of Applied Biological Sciences (DBIT) Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium. Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels (IB), ULB Machine Learning Group, Computer Science Department, Universite Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium. ; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA. ; VIB Center for the Biology of Disease, VIB, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. Ecole Normale Superieure, Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), Inserm U1024, CNRS UMR 8197, Paris, F-75005 France. ; Station Biologique de Roscoff, CNRS, UMR 7144, Place Georges Teissier, 29680 Roscoff, France. Sorbonne Universites, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) Universite Paris 06, UMR 7144, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, 29680 Roscoff, France. Ecole Normale Superieure, Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), Inserm U1024, CNRS UMR 8197, Paris, F-75005 France. Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, CNRS FR3631, F-75005, Paris, France. ; VIB Center for the Biology of Disease, VIB, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. Department of Applied Biological Sciences (DBIT) Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium. ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. VIB Center for the Biology of Disease, VIB, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. ; CNRS, UMR 7093, Laboratoire d'Oceanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Observatoire Oceanologique, F-06230 Villefranche-sur-mer, France. Sorbonne Universites, UPMC Paris 06, UMR 7093, Laboratoire d'Oceanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Observatoire Oceanologique, F-06230 Villefranche-sur-mer, France. ; Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels (IB), ULB Machine Learning Group, Computer Science Department, Universite Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium. ; Department of Marine Biology and Oceanography, Institute of Marine Sciences (ICM)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Pg. Maritim de la Barceloneta, 37-49, Barcelona E08003, Spain. ; Sorbonne Universites, UPMC, Universite Paris 06, CNRS-Institut pour la Recherche et le Developpement-Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Laboratoire d'Oceanographie et du Climat: Experimentations et Approches Numeriques (LOCEAN) Laboratory, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France. ; KU Leuven, Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, Charles Deberiotstraat 32, 3000 Leuven. ; PANGAEA, Data Publisher for Earth and Environmental Science, University of Bremen, Hochschulring 18, 28359 Bremen, Germany. MARUM, Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Hochschulring 18, 28359 Bremen, Germany. ; Structural and Computational Biology, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany. Directors' Research, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany. ; Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, 611-0011 Kyoto, Japan. ; Department of Geosciences, Laboratoire de Meteorologie Dynamique (LMD), Ecole Normale Superieure, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France. Laboratoire de Physique des Ocean, Universite de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO)-Institut Universaire Europeen de la Mer (IUEM), Palce Copernic, 29820 Polouzane, France. ; Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Genoscope, 2 rue Gaston Cremieux, 91000 Evry, France. CNRS, UMR 8030, 2 rue Gaston Cremieux, 91000 Evry, France. Universite d'Evry, UMR 8030, CP5706 Evry, France. ; Structural and Computational Biology, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany. ; Structural and Computational Biology, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany. Max-Delbruck-Centre for Molecular Medicine, 13092 Berlin, Germany. ; Ecole Normale Superieure, Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), Inserm U1024, CNRS UMR 8197, Paris, F-75005 France. Directors' Research, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany. jeroen.raes@vib-kuleuven.be vargas@sb-roscoff.fr cbowler@biologie.ens.fr karsenti@embl.de. ; Ecole Normale Superieure, Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), Inserm U1024, CNRS UMR 8197, Paris, F-75005 France. jeroen.raes@vib-kuleuven.be vargas@sb-roscoff.fr cbowler@biologie.ens.fr karsenti@embl.de. ; Station Biologique de Roscoff, CNRS, UMR 7144, Place Georges Teissier, 29680 Roscoff, France. Sorbonne Universites, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) Universite Paris 06, UMR 7144, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, 29680 Roscoff, France. jeroen.raes@vib-kuleuven.be vargas@sb-roscoff.fr cbowler@biologie.ens.fr karsenti@embl.de. ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. VIB Center for the Biology of Disease, VIB, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. Department of Applied Biological Sciences (DBIT) Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium. jeroen.raes@vib-kuleuven.be vargas@sb-roscoff.fr cbowler@biologie.ens.fr karsenti@embl.de.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25999517" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Food Chain ; Host Specificity ; Oceans and Seas ; Phylogeny ; Plankton/*classification/*physiology ; Platyhelminths/classification/physiology ; Sunlight ; *Symbiosis ; Viruses/classification
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  • 76
    Publication Date: 2015-01-03
    Description: Lysosomes are crucial cellular organelles for human health that function in digestion and recycling of extracellular and intracellular macromolecules. We describe a signaling role for lysosomes that affects aging. In the worm Caenorhabditis elegans, the lysosomal acid lipase LIPL-4 triggered nuclear translocalization of a lysosomal lipid chaperone LBP-8, which promoted longevity by activating the nuclear hormone receptors NHR-49 and NHR-80. We used high-throughput metabolomic analysis to identify several lipids in which abundance was increased in worms constitutively overexpressing LIPL-4. Among them, oleoylethanolamide directly bound to LBP-8 and NHR-80 proteins, activated transcription of target genes of NHR-49 and NHR-80, and promoted longevity in C. elegans. These findings reveal a lysosome-to-nucleus signaling pathway that promotes longevity and suggest a function of lysosomes as signaling organelles in metazoans.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4425353/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4425353/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Folick, Andrew -- Oakley, Holly D -- Yu, Yong -- Armstrong, Eric H -- Kumari, Manju -- Sanor, Lucas -- Moore, David D -- Ortlund, Eric A -- Zechner, Rudolf -- Wang, Meng C -- F30 AG046043/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- F30AG046043/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R00 AG034988/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R00AG034988/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG045183/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK095750/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01AG045183/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01DK095750/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM008602/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- T32GM008602/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- T32HD055200/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jan 2;347(6217):83-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1258857.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA. ; Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA. ; Department of Biochemistry, Discovery and Developmental Therapeutics, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. ; Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, A-8010, Austria. ; Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA. ; Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA. ; Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA. wmeng@bcm.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25554789" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Active Transport, Cell Nucleus ; Animals ; Caenorhabditis elegans/genetics/*physiology ; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Lipase/metabolism ; Lipid Metabolism ; Longevity/genetics/*physiology ; Lysosomes/*metabolism ; Molecular Chaperones/genetics/*metabolism ; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/metabolism ; Signal Transduction
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  • 77
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-02-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hvistendahl, Mara -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Feb 13;347(6223):700-1. doi: 10.1126/science.347.6223.700.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25678636" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Zoo/*virology ; Breeding ; China ; Disease Outbreaks/prevention & control/*veterinary ; Distemper/mortality/*prevention & control/*transmission ; *Distemper Virus, Canine ; Dogs ; *Endangered Species ; Female ; Male ; Ursidae/*virology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 78
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-01-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hvistendahl, Mara -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jan 23;347(6220):359-60. doi: 10.1126/science.347.6220.359.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25613870" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Afghanistan/epidemiology ; Birth Rate ; Female ; Health Services Accessibility ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Maternal Mortality ; Mortality/*trends ; *Population Dynamics ; Prenatal Care
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  • 79
    Publication Date: 2015-09-05
    Description: During viral infections, chemokines guide activated effector T cells to infection sites. However, the cells responsible for producing these chemokines and how such chemokines recruit T cells are unknown. Here, we show that the early recruitment of neutrophils into influenza-infected trachea is essential for CD8(+) T cell-mediated immune protection in mice. We observed that migrating neutrophils leave behind long-lasting trails that are enriched in the chemokine CXCL12. Experiments with granulocyte-specific CXCL12 conditionally depleted mice and a CXCR4 antagonist revealed that CXCL12 derived from neutrophil trails is critical for virus-specific CD8(+) T cell recruitment and effector functions. Collectively, these results suggest that neutrophils deposit long-lasting, chemokine-containing trails, which may provide both chemotactic and haptotactic cues for efficient CD8(+) T cell migration and localization in influenza-infected tissues.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lim, Kihong -- Hyun, Young-Min -- Lambert-Emo, Kris -- Capece, Tara -- Bae, Seyeon -- Miller, Richard -- Topham, David J -- Kim, Minsoo -- AI102851/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- HHSN272201400005C/PHS HHS/ -- HL087088/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Sep 4;349(6252):aaa4352. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa4352.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology and Immunology, David H. Smith Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA. ; Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, David H. Smith Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA. minsoo_kim@urmc.rochester.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26339033" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Chemokine CXCL12/*immunology/pharmacology ; Chemotaxis/*immunology ; Heterocyclic Compounds/pharmacology ; Influenza A virus/*immunology ; Lung/immunology/virology ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2/immunology ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9/immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Neutropenia/immunology ; Neutrophils/*immunology/virology ; Orthomyxoviridae Infections/*immunology ; Trachea/*immunology/virology
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  • 80
    Publication Date: 2015-03-15
    Description: Wireless deep brain stimulation of well-defined neuronal populations could facilitate the study of intact brain circuits and the treatment of neurological disorders. Here, we demonstrate minimally invasive and remote neural excitation through the activation of the heat-sensitive capsaicin receptor TRPV1 by magnetic nanoparticles. When exposed to alternating magnetic fields, the nanoparticles dissipate heat generated by hysteresis, triggering widespread and reversible firing of TRPV1(+) neurons. Wireless magnetothermal stimulation in the ventral tegmental area of mice evoked excitation in subpopulations of neurons in the targeted brain region and in structures receiving excitatory projections. The nanoparticles persisted in the brain for over a month, allowing for chronic stimulation without the need for implants and connectors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chen, Ritchie -- Romero, Gabriela -- Christiansen, Michael G -- Mohr, Alan -- Anikeeva, Polina -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Mar 27;347(6229):1477-80. doi: 10.1126/science.1261821. Epub 2015 Mar 12.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. ; Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. ; Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. ; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. anikeeva@mit.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25765068" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Deep Brain Stimulation/*methods ; Evoked Potentials ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; *Magnetite Nanoparticles ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Neurons/physiology ; Rats ; TRPV Cation Channels/agonists ; Ventral Tegmental Area/physiology ; *Wireless Technology
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  • 81
    Publication Date: 2015-09-01
    Description: A challenge of synthetic biology is the creation of cooperative microbial systems that exhibit population-level behaviors. Such systems use cellular signaling mechanisms to regulate gene expression across multiple cell types. We describe the construction of a synthetic microbial consortium consisting of two distinct cell types-an "activator" strain and a "repressor" strain. These strains produced two orthogonal cell-signaling molecules that regulate gene expression within a synthetic circuit spanning both strains. The two strains generated emergent, population-level oscillations only when cultured together. Certain network topologies of the two-strain circuit were better at maintaining robust oscillations than others. The ability to program population-level dynamics through the genetic engineering of multiple cooperative strains points the way toward engineering complex synthetic tissues and organs with multiple cell types.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4597888/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4597888/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chen, Ye -- Kim, Jae Kyoung -- Hirning, Andrew J -- Josic, Kresimir -- Bennett, Matthew R -- R01 GM104974/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01GM104974/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Aug 28;349(6251):986-9. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa3794.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biosciences, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA. ; Department of Mathematical Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-701, Korea. Mathematical Biosciences Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA. ; Department of Mathematics, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA. Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA. ; Department of Biosciences, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA. Institute of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA. matthew.bennett@rice.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26315440" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 4-Butyrolactone/analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; Escherichia coli/*genetics/*physiology ; Escherichia coli Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Feedback, Physiological ; *Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial ; *Gene Regulatory Networks ; Genetic Engineering ; Lab-On-A-Chip Devices ; Microbial Consortia/*genetics/*physiology ; Microbial Interactions ; Models, Biological ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Quorum Sensing ; Signal Transduction ; Synthetic Biology ; Transcription, Genetic
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  • 82
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-12-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fraser, Barbara -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Dec 11;350(6266):1304. doi: 10.1126/science.350.6266.1304.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26659035" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Anthropology ; Brazil ; Child ; *Communicable Disease Control ; Communicable Diseases/*immunology ; Conflict (Psychology) ; *Epidemiological Monitoring ; Health ; Humans ; Immunity ; Male ; *Population Groups ; Rivers ; *Social Isolation
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  • 83
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-10-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Linnarsson, Sten -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Oct 2;350(6256):37. doi: 10.1126/science.aad2792.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden. sten.linnarsson@ki.se.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26430106" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cerebral Cortex/*cytology/*growth & development ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; *Mutation ; Neurons/*cytology/*physiology ; *Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; *Transcription, Genetic
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  • 84
    Publication Date: 2015-12-15
    Description: Individual variation in social behavior seems ubiquitous, but we know little about how it relates to brain diversity. Among monogamous prairie voles, levels of vasopressin receptor (encoded by the gene avpr1a) in brain regions related to spatial memory predict male space use and sexual fidelity in the field. We find that trade-offs between the benefits of male fidelity and infidelity are reflected in patterns of territorial intrusion, offspring paternity, avpr1a expression, and the evolutionary fitness of alternative avpr1a alleles. DNA variation at the avpr1a locus includes polymorphisms that reliably predict the epigenetic status and neural expression of avpr1a, and patterns of DNA diversity demonstrate that avpr1a regulatory variation has been favored by selection. In prairie voles, trade-offs in the fitness consequences of social behaviors seem to promote neuronal and molecular diversity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Okhovat, Mariam -- Berrio, Alejandro -- Wallace, Gerard -- Ophir, Alexander G -- Phelps, Steven M -- R21 HD059092/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Dec 11;350(6266):1371-4. doi: 10.1126/science.aac5791.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station, Campus Code C0930, Austin, TX 78712, USA. ; Department of Psychology, Cornell University, 224 Uris Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA. ; Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station, Campus Code C0930, Austin, TX 78712, USA. sphelps@mail.utexas.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26659055" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Animals ; Arvicolinae/genetics/metabolism/*psychology ; Biological Evolution ; Brain/*metabolism ; DNA/genetics ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Female ; Grassland ; Male ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Receptors, Vasopressin/genetics/*metabolism ; Sexual Behavior/*physiology ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; *Social Behavior ; Spatial Memory/*physiology ; Territoriality
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  • 85
    Publication Date: 2015-03-07
    Description: Democracies depend on the support of the general population, but little is known about the determinants of this support. We investigated whether support for democracy increases with the length of time spent under the system and whether preferences are thus affected by the political system. Relying on 380,000 individual-level observations from 104 countries over the years 1994 to 2013, and exploiting individual-level variation within a country and a given year in the length of time spent under democracy, we find evidence that political preferences are endogenous. For new democracies, our findings imply that popular support needs time to develop. For example, the effect of around 8.5 more years of democratic experience corresponds to the difference in support for democracy between primary and secondary education.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fuchs-Schundeln, Nicola -- Schundeln, Matthias -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Mar 6;347(6226):1145-8. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa0880.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Goethe University Frankfurt, 60320 Frankfurt, Germany. fuchs@wiwi.uni-frankfurt.de schuendeln@wiwi.uni-frankfurt.de.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25745172" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; *Democracy ; Educational Status ; Female ; Humans ; *Individuality ; Male ; Middle Aged ; *Social Values ; Young Adult
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 86
    Publication Date: 2015-09-19
    Description: The indigenous people of Greenland, the Inuit, have lived for a long time in the extreme conditions of the Arctic, including low annual temperatures, and with a specialized diet rich in protein and fatty acids, particularly omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). A scan of Inuit genomes for signatures of adaptation revealed signals at several loci, with the strongest signal located in a cluster of fatty acid desaturases that determine PUFA levels. The selected alleles are associated with multiple metabolic and anthropometric phenotypes and have large effect sizes for weight and height, with the effect on height replicated in Europeans. By analyzing membrane lipids, we found that the selected alleles modulate fatty acid composition, which may affect the regulation of growth hormones. Thus, the Inuit have genetic and physiological adaptations to a diet rich in PUFAs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fumagalli, Matteo -- Moltke, Ida -- Grarup, Niels -- Racimo, Fernando -- Bjerregaard, Peter -- Jorgensen, Marit E -- Korneliussen, Thorfinn S -- Gerbault, Pascale -- Skotte, Line -- Linneberg, Allan -- Christensen, Cramer -- Brandslund, Ivan -- Jorgensen, Torben -- Huerta-Sanchez, Emilia -- Schmidt, Erik B -- Pedersen, Oluf -- Hansen, Torben -- Albrechtsen, Anders -- Nielsen, Rasmus -- R01-HG003229/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Sep 18;349(6254):1343-7. doi: 10.1126/science.aab2319.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Genetics, Evolution, and Environment, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK. Department of Integrative Biology, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. ; The Bioinformatics Centre, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark. ; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. ; Department of Integrative Biology, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. ; National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, 1353 Copenhagen, Denmark. Greenland Center for Health Research, University of Greenland, Nuuk, Greenland. ; National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, 1353 Copenhagen, Denmark. Steno Diabetes Center, 2820 Gentofte, Denmark. ; Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, 1350 Copenhagen, Denmark. ; Department of Genetics, Evolution, and Environment, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK. Department of Anthropology, University College London, London WC1H 0BW, UK. ; Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark. Department of Clinical Experimental Research, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark. Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. ; Department of Medicine, Lillebaelt Hospital, Vejle, Denmark. ; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Lillebaelt Hospital, Vejle, Denmark. Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. ; Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark. Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. Faculty of Medicine, University of Aalborg, Aalborg, Denmark. ; School of Natural Sciences, University of California-Merced, Merced, CA 95343, USA. ; Faculty of Medicine, University of Aalborg, Aalborg, Denmark. Department of Cardiology, Aalborg University Hospital, 9100 Aalborg, Denmark. ; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. torben.hansen@sund.ku.dk albrecht@binf.ku.dk rasmus_nielsen@berkeley.edu. ; The Bioinformatics Centre, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark. torben.hansen@sund.ku.dk albrecht@binf.ku.dk rasmus_nielsen@berkeley.edu. ; Department of Integrative Biology, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Department of Statistics, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. torben.hansen@sund.ku.dk albrecht@binf.ku.dk rasmus_nielsen@berkeley.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26383953" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acclimatization/*genetics ; Alleles ; Arctic Regions ; Body Height/genetics ; Body Weight/genetics ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11/genetics ; Climate ; *Diet, High-Fat ; Fatty Acids, Omega-3/*administration & dosage/analysis ; Female ; Genetic Loci ; Genome, Human/genetics ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Greenland ; Humans ; Inuits/*genetics ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; Male ; Membrane Lipids/analysis/genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Selection, Genetic
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 87
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-03-31
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉O'Neill, Ken -- Holgate, Sharon Ann -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Mar 27;347(6229):1510. doi: 10.1126/science.347.6229.1510.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Sharon Ann Holgate is a science writer in the United Kingdom. For more on life and careers, visit sciencecareers.org.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25814586" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Career Choice ; Deafness/*psychology ; Dictionaries as Topic ; Education of Hearing Disabled/*methods ; Humans ; Male ; Mathematics/*education ; Persons With Hearing Impairments/*psychology ; Scotland ; *Sign Language ; Students/psychology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 88
    Publication Date: 2015-01-09
    Description: The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) protein kinase is a master growth regulator that responds to multiple environmental cues. Amino acids stimulate, in a Rag-, Ragulator-, and vacuolar adenosine triphosphatase-dependent fashion, the translocation of mTORC1 to the lysosomal surface, where it interacts with its activator Rheb. Here, we identify SLC38A9, an uncharacterized protein with sequence similarity to amino acid transporters, as a lysosomal transmembrane protein that interacts with the Rag guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases) and Ragulator in an amino acid-sensitive fashion. SLC38A9 transports arginine with a high Michaelis constant, and loss of SLC38A9 represses mTORC1 activation by amino acids, particularly arginine. Overexpression of SLC38A9 or just its Ragulator-binding domain makes mTORC1 signaling insensitive to amino acid starvation but not to Rag activity. Thus, SLC38A9 functions upstream of the Rag GTPases and is an excellent candidate for being an arginine sensor for the mTORC1 pathway.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4295826/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4295826/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wang, Shuyu -- Tsun, Zhi-Yang -- Wolfson, Rachel L -- Shen, Kuang -- Wyant, Gregory A -- Plovanich, Molly E -- Yuan, Elizabeth D -- Jones, Tony D -- Chantranupong, Lynne -- Comb, William -- Wang, Tim -- Bar-Peled, Liron -- Zoncu, Roberto -- Straub, Christoph -- Kim, Choah -- Park, Jiwon -- Sabatini, Bernardo L -- Sabatini, David M -- AI47389/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- F30 CA180754/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- F31 AG044064/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- F31 CA180271/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA103866/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R37 AI047389/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM007287/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM007753/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jan 9;347(6218):188-94. doi: 10.1126/science.1257132. Epub 2015 Jan 7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biology, 9 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. ; Harvard Medical School, 260 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA. ; Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA. ; Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biology, 9 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. sabatini@wi.mit.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25567906" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Amino Acid Transport Systems/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Arginine/deficiency/*metabolism ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Lysosomes/*enzymology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins/*metabolism ; Multiprotein Complexes/*metabolism ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Signal Transduction ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/*metabolism
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  • 89
    Publication Date: 2015-02-01
    Description: During virus infection, the adaptor proteins MAVS and STING transduce signals from the cytosolic nucleic acid sensors RIG-I and cGAS, respectively, to induce type I interferons (IFNs) and other antiviral molecules. Here we show that MAVS and STING harbor two conserved serine and threonine clusters that are phosphorylated by the kinases IKK and/or TBK1 in response to stimulation. Phosphorylated MAVS and STING then bind to a positively charged surface of interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) and thereby recruit IRF3 for its phosphorylation and activation by TBK1. We further show that TRIF, an adaptor protein in Toll-like receptor signaling, activates IRF3 through a similar phosphorylation-dependent mechanism. These results reveal that phosphorylation of innate adaptor proteins is an essential and conserved mechanism that selectively recruits IRF3 to activate the type I IFN pathway.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Liu, Siqi -- Cai, Xin -- Wu, Jiaxi -- Cong, Qian -- Chen, Xiang -- Li, Tuo -- Du, Fenghe -- Ren, Junyao -- Wu, You-Tong -- Grishin, Nick V -- Chen, Zhijian J -- AI-93967/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- GM-094575/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM-63692/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Mar 13;347(6227):aaa2630. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa2630. Epub 2015 Jan 29.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA. ; Departments of Biophysics and Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA. ; Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA. ; Departments of Biophysics and Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA. ; Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA. zhijian.chen@utsouthwestern.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25636800" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/chemistry/*metabolism ; Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport/chemistry/*metabolism ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Cell Line ; Humans ; I-kappa B Kinase/metabolism ; Interferon Regulatory Factor-3/chemistry/*metabolism ; Interferon-alpha/biosynthesis ; Interferon-beta/biosynthesis ; Membrane Proteins/chemistry/*metabolism ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Binding ; Protein Multimerization ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins/metabolism ; Sendai virus/physiology ; Serine/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Ubiquitination ; Vesiculovirus/physiology
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  • 90
    Publication Date: 2015-06-27
    Description: The fear responses to environmental threats play a fundamental role in survival. Little is known about the neural circuits specifically processing threat-relevant sensory information in the mammalian brain. We identified parvalbumin-positive (PV(+)) excitatory projection neurons in mouse superior colliculus (SC) as a key neuronal subtype for detecting looming objects and triggering fear responses. These neurons, distributed predominantly in the superficial SC, divergently projected to different brain areas, including the parabigeminal nucleus (PBGN), an intermediate station leading to the amygdala. Activation of the PV(+) SC-PBGN pathway triggered fear responses, induced conditioned aversion, and caused depression-related behaviors. Approximately 20% of mice subjected to the fear-conditioning paradigm developed a generalized fear memory.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shang, Congping -- Liu, Zhihui -- Chen, Zijun -- Shi, Yingchao -- Wang, Qian -- Liu, Su -- Li, Dapeng -- Cao, Peng -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jun 26;348(6242):1472-7. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa8694.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China. ; State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China. ; State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China. pcao@ibp.ac.cn.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26113723" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amygdala/physiology ; Animals ; Conditioning, Classical ; Fear/*physiology ; Female ; Male ; Memory/*physiology ; Mice ; Neurons/chemistry/*physiology ; Parvalbumins/analysis/*metabolism ; Superior Colliculi/cytology/*physiology ; Visual Pathways/*physiology
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  • 91
    Publication Date: 2015-10-10
    Description: Characterizing genetic diversity in Africa is a crucial step for most analyses reconstructing the evolutionary history of anatomically modern humans. However, historic migrations from Eurasia into Africa have affected many contemporary populations, confounding inferences. Here, we present a 12.5x coverage ancient genome of an Ethiopian male ("Mota") who lived approximately 4500 years ago. We use this genome to demonstrate that the Eurasian backflow into Africa came from a population closely related to Early Neolithic farmers, who had colonized Europe 4000 years earlier. The extent of this backflow was much greater than previously reported, reaching all the way to Central, West, and Southern Africa, affecting even populations such as Yoruba and Mbuti, previously thought to be relatively unadmixed, who harbor 6 to 7% Eurasian ancestry.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gallego Llorente, M -- Jones, E R -- Eriksson, A -- Siska, V -- Arthur, K W -- Arthur, J W -- Curtis, M C -- Stock, J T -- Coltorti, M -- Pieruccini, P -- Stretton, S -- Brock, F -- Higham, T -- Park, Y -- Hofreiter, M -- Bradley, D G -- Bhak, J -- Pinhasi, R -- Manica, A -- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Nov 13;350(6262):820-2. doi: 10.1126/science.aad2879. Epub 2015 Oct 8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK. mg632@cam.ac.uk joneser@tcd.ie ron.pinhasi@ucd.ie am315@cam.ac.uk. ; Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. mg632@cam.ac.uk joneser@tcd.ie ron.pinhasi@ucd.ie am315@cam.ac.uk. ; Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK. Integrative Systems Biology Laboratory, Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. ; Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK. ; Department of Society, Culture, and Language, University of South Florida St. Petersburg, 140 7th Avenue South, St. Petersburg, FL 33701, USA. ; Department of Anthropology, Ventura College, 4667 Telegraph Road, Ventura, CA 93003, USA. Humanities and Social Sciences Program, UCLA Extension, University of California Los Angeles, 10995 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. ; Department of Archaeology and Anthropology, University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge CB2 3QG, UK. ; Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, Via di Laterina, 8-53100 Siena, Italy. ; Department of Anthropology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Public Service Archaeology and Architecture Program, 109 Davenport Hall, 607 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA. ; Oxford Radiocarbon Accelerator Unit, Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art, University of Oxford, Dyson Perrins Building, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QY, UK. Cranfield Forensic Institute, Cranfield University, Defence Academy of the United Kingdom, Shrivenham, Oxon SN6 8LA, UK. ; Oxford Radiocarbon Accelerator Unit, Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art, University of Oxford, Dyson Perrins Building, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QY, UK. ; Theragen BiO Institute, 2nd Floor B-dong, AICT bldg, Iui-dong, Youngtong-gu, Suwon 443-270, Republic of Korea. ; Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, Faculty for Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknechtstrasse 24-25, 14476 Potsdam Golm, Germany. Department of Biology, University of York, Wentworth Way, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK. ; Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. ; The Genomics Institute, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 689-798, Republic of Korea. ; School of Archaeology and Earth Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland. mg632@cam.ac.uk joneser@tcd.ie ron.pinhasi@ucd.ie am315@cam.ac.uk.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26449472" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: African Continental Ancestry Group/*genetics ; Asia ; Biological Evolution ; Ethiopia ; Europe ; Genetic Variation ; *Genome, Human ; *Human Migration ; Humans ; Male
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  • 92
    Publication Date: 2015-07-18
    Description: Secretion of the cytokine interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) by macrophages, a major driver of pathogenesis in atherosclerosis, requires two steps: Priming signals promote transcription of immature IL-1beta, and then endogenous "danger" signals activate innate immune signaling complexes called inflammasomes to process IL-1beta for secretion. Although cholesterol crystals are known to act as danger signals in atherosclerosis, what primes IL-1beta transcription remains elusive. Using a murine model of atherosclerosis, we found that cholesterol crystals acted both as priming and danger signals for IL-1beta production. Cholesterol crystals triggered neutrophils to release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NETs primed macrophages for cytokine release, activating T helper 17 (TH17) cells that amplify immune cell recruitment in atherosclerotic plaques. Therefore, danger signals may drive sterile inflammation, such as that seen in atherosclerosis, through their interactions with neutrophils.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Warnatsch, Annika -- Ioannou, Marianna -- Wang, Qian -- Papayannopoulos, Venizelos -- MC_UP_1202/13/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jul 17;349(6245):316-20. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa8064. Epub 2015 Jul 16.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Mill Hill Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London NW7 1AA, UK. ; Mill Hill Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London NW7 1AA, UK. veni.p@crick.ac.uk.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26185250" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Apolipoproteins E/genetics ; Atherosclerosis/*immunology ; Cells, Cultured ; Cholesterol/chemistry/immunology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Extracellular Traps/*immunology ; Humans ; Inflammasomes/immunology ; Inflammation/immunology ; Interleukin-1beta/*biosynthesis/genetics ; Macrophages/*immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Mutant Strains ; Neutrophils/*immunology ; Signal Transduction ; Th17 Cells/immunology ; Transcription, Genetic
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  • 93
    Publication Date: 2015-04-25
    Description: An organism with a single recessive loss-of-function allele will typically have a wild-type phenotype, whereas individuals homozygous for two copies of the allele will display a mutant phenotype. We have developed a method called the mutagenic chain reaction (MCR), which is based on the CRISPR/Cas9 genome-editing system for generating autocatalytic mutations, to produce homozygous loss-of-function mutations. In Drosophila, we found that MCR mutations efficiently spread from their chromosome of origin to the homologous chromosome, thereby converting heterozygous mutations to homozygosity in the vast majority of somatic and germline cells. MCR technology should have broad applications in diverse organisms.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687737/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687737/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gantz, Valentino M -- Bier, Ethan -- R01 AI070654/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI110713/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM067247/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R56 NS029870/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Apr 24;348(6233):442-4. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa5945. Epub 2015 Mar 19.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92095, USA. vgantz@ucsd.edu ebier@ucsd.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25908821" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Animals ; Caspase 9 ; *Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats ; Drosophila melanogaster/genetics ; Female ; Genetic Engineering/*methods ; Genome, Insect ; Germ Cells ; *Heterozygote ; *Homozygote ; Male ; *Mutagenesis ; Mutation ; Phenotype
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  • 94
    Publication Date: 2015-10-03
    Description: Memory stabilization after learning requires translational and transcriptional regulations in the brain, yet the temporal molecular changes that occur after learning have not been explored at the genomic scale. We used ribosome profiling and RNA sequencing to quantify the translational status and transcript levels in the mouse hippocampus after contextual fear conditioning. We revealed three types of repressive regulations: translational suppression of ribosomal protein-coding genes in the hippocampus, learning-induced early translational repression of specific genes, and late persistent suppression of a subset of genes via inhibition of estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1/ERalpha) signaling. In behavioral analyses, overexpressing Nrsn1, one of the newly identified genes undergoing rapid translational repression, or activating ESR1 in the hippocampus impaired memory formation. Collectively, this study unveils the yet-unappreciated importance of gene repression mechanisms for memory formation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cho, Jun -- Yu, Nam-Kyung -- Choi, Jun-Hyeok -- Sim, Su-Eon -- Kang, SukJae Joshua -- Kwak, Chuljung -- Lee, Seung-Woo -- Kim, Ji-il -- Choi, Dong Il -- Kim, V Narry -- Kaang, Bong-Kiun -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Oct 2;350(6256):82-7. doi: 10.1126/science.aac7368.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for RNA Research, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 151-742, Korea. Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea. ; Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea. ; Center for RNA Research, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 151-742, Korea. Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea. narrykim@snu.ac.kr kaang@snu.ac.kr. ; Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea. narrykim@snu.ac.kr kaang@snu.ac.kr.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26430118" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Conditioning, Classical ; Estrogen Receptor alpha/*genetics ; Fear ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Hippocampus/*metabolism ; Male ; Membrane Proteins/*genetics ; *Memory ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Protein Biosynthesis/*genetics ; Ribosomal Proteins/genetics ; Transcription, Genetic
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  • 95
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-07-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Garber, Ken -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jul 10;349(6244):129. doi: 10.1126/science.349.6244.129.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26160924" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Oxidoreductases/chemistry/metabolism ; Collagen/metabolism ; Copper/*metabolism ; Humans ; Melanoma/drug therapy/pathology ; Neoplasms/*drug therapy/pathology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf/*antagonists & inhibitors/genetics ; Signal Transduction ; Skin Diseases/drug therapy/pathology
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    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 96
    Publication Date: 2015-07-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lloyd, K C Kent -- Meehan, Terry -- Beaudet, Arthur -- Murray, Steve -- Svenson, Karen -- McKerlie, Colin -- West, David -- Morse, Iva -- Parkinson, Helen -- Brown, Steve -- Mallon, Ann-Marie -- Moore, Mark -- U42 OD011175/OD/NIH HHS/ -- U42 OD011185/OD/NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG006332/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG006364/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jul 24;349(6246):390. doi: 10.1126/science.349.6246.390-a. Epub 2015 Jul 23.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA. kclloyd@ucdavis.edu. ; European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK. ; Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA. ; The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA. ; Toronto Centre for Phenogenomics, Toronto, ON, M5T 3H7, Canada. ; Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, CA 94609, USA. ; Charles River Laboratories, Wilmington, MA 01887, USA. ; Medical Research Council Harwell, Oxfordshire, OX11 0RD, UK. ; International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26206923" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animal Experimentation/*standards ; Animals ; Electronic Health Records ; Female ; Genomics ; Humans ; Male ; Metabolomics ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Precision Medicine/*economics/*trends ; United States
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  • 97
    Publication Date: 2015-07-25
    Description: Mutations in the LRBA gene (encoding the lipopolysaccharide-responsive and beige-like anchor protein) cause a syndrome of autoimmunity, lymphoproliferation, and humoral immune deficiency. The biological role of LRBA in immunologic disease is unknown. We found that patients with LRBA deficiency manifested a dramatic and sustained improvement in response to abatacept, a CTLA4 (cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4)-immunoglobulin fusion drug. Clinical responses and homology of LRBA to proteins controlling intracellular trafficking led us to hypothesize that it regulates CTLA4, a potent inhibitory immune receptor. We found that LRBA colocalized with CTLA4 in endosomal vesicles and that LRBA deficiency or knockdown increased CTLA4 turnover, which resulted in reduced levels of CTLA4 protein in FoxP3(+) regulatory and activated conventional T cells. In LRBA-deficient cells, inhibition of lysosome degradation with chloroquine prevented CTLA4 loss. These findings elucidate a mechanism for CTLA4 trafficking and control of immune responses and suggest therapies for diseases involving the CTLA4 pathway.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lo, Bernice -- Zhang, Kejian -- Lu, Wei -- Zheng, Lixin -- Zhang, Qian -- Kanellopoulou, Chrysi -- Zhang, Yu -- Liu, Zhiduo -- Fritz, Jill M -- Marsh, Rebecca -- Husami, Ammar -- Kissell, Diane -- Nortman, Shannon -- Chaturvedi, Vijaya -- Haines, Hilary -- Young, Lisa R -- Mo, Jun -- Filipovich, Alexandra H -- Bleesing, Jack J -- Mustillo, Peter -- Stephens, Michael -- Rueda, Cesar M -- Chougnet, Claire A -- Hoebe, Kasper -- McElwee, Joshua -- Hughes, Jason D -- Karakoc-Aydiner, Elif -- Matthews, Helen F -- Price, Susan -- Su, Helen C -- Rao, V Koneti -- Lenardo, Michael J -- Jordan, Michael B -- 1RC2 HG005608/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- 1ZIAAI000769-14/PHS HHS/ -- Intramural NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jul 24;349(6246):436-40. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa1663.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Molecular Development of the Immune System Section and Clinical and Molecular Genomics Unit, Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. NIAID Clinical Genomics Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. michael.jordan@cchmc.org. ; Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA. michael.jordan@cchmc.org. ; Molecular Development of the Immune System Section and Clinical and Molecular Genomics Unit, Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. NIAID Clinical Genomics Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. ; NIAID Clinical Genomics Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. Human Immunological Diseases Unit, Laboratory of Host Defenses, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. ; Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Systems Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. ; Division of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA. ; Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA. ; Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA. ; Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, and Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA. ; Departments of Pathology and Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego and Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA, USA. ; Section of Allergy and Immunology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA. ; Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. ; Division of Immunobiology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center/ University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA. ; Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co, Boston, MA, USA. ; Molecular Development of the Immune System Section and Clinical and Molecular Genomics Unit, Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. NIAID Clinical Genomics Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA. Human Immunological Diseases Unit, Laboratory of Host Defenses, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Systems Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. Division of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA. Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA. Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, and Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA. Departments of Pathology and Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego and Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA, USA. Section of Allergy and Immunology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA. Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. Division of Immunobiology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center/ University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA. Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co, Boston, MA, USA. Marmara University, Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Istanbul, Turkey. ; Division of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA. Division of Immunobiology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center/ University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA. michael.jordan@cchmc.org.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26206937" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abatacept ; Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics/*metabolism ; Adolescent ; Autoimmune Diseases/*drug therapy/metabolism ; CTLA-4 Antigen/*deficiency/genetics ; Child ; Chloroquine/pharmacology ; Common Variable Immunodeficiency/*drug therapy/metabolism ; Endosomes/metabolism ; Female ; Forkhead Transcription Factors/analysis ; Gene Knockdown Techniques ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Immunoconjugates/*therapeutic use ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial/drug therapy/metabolism ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Lysosomes/metabolism ; Male ; Proteolysis ; T-Lymphocytes/drug effects/immunology ; Young Adult
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  • 98
    Publication Date: 2015-10-03
    Description: Neurons live for decades in a postmitotic state, their genomes susceptible to DNA damage. Here we survey the landscape of somatic single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) in the human brain. We identified thousands of somatic SNVs by single-cell sequencing of 36 neurons from the cerebral cortex of three normal individuals. Unlike germline and cancer SNVs, which are often caused by errors in DNA replication, neuronal mutations appear to reflect damage during active transcription. Somatic mutations create nested lineage trees, allowing them to be dated relative to developmental landmarks and revealing a polyclonal architecture of the human cerebral cortex. Thus, somatic mutations in the brain represent a durable and ongoing record of neuronal life history, from development through postmitotic function.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4664477/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4664477/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lodato, Michael A -- Woodworth, Mollie B -- Lee, Semin -- Evrony, Gilad D -- Mehta, Bhaven K -- Karger, Amir -- Lee, Soohyun -- Chittenden, Thomas W -- D'Gama, Alissa M -- Cai, Xuyu -- Luquette, Lovelace J -- Lee, Eunjung -- Park, Peter J -- Walsh, Christopher A -- 1S10RR028832-01/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- P50 MH106933/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS032457/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS079277/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- T32 AG000222/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM007226/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM007753/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- U01 MH106883/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Oct 2;350(6256):94-8. doi: 10.1126/science.aab1785.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Genetics and Genomics, Manton Center for Orphan Disease, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA. ; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. ; Research Computing, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. ; Research Computing, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Complex Biological Systems Alliance, North Andover, MA, USA. ; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. ; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. peter_park@harvard.edu christopher.walsh@childrens.harvard.edu. ; Division of Genetics and Genomics, Manton Center for Orphan Disease, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA. peter_park@harvard.edu christopher.walsh@childrens.harvard.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26430121" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Cell Lineage ; Cerebral Cortex/*cytology/*growth & development ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; DNA Replication/genetics ; Female ; Genetic Loci ; Humans ; Male ; Mitosis/genetics ; *Mutation ; Neurons/*cytology/*physiology ; *Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Single-Cell Analysis ; *Transcription, Genetic
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  • 99
    Publication Date: 2015-03-15
    Description: Rgs2, a regulator of G proteins, lowers blood pressure by decreasing signaling through Galphaq. Human patients expressing Met-Leu-Rgs2 (ML-Rgs2) or Met-Arg-Rgs2 (MR-Rgs2) are hypertensive relative to people expressing wild-type Met-Gln-Rgs2 (MQ-Rgs2). We found that wild-type MQ-Rgs2 and its mutant, MR-Rgs2, were destroyed by the Ac/N-end rule pathway, which recognizes N(alpha)-terminally acetylated (Nt-acetylated) proteins. The shortest-lived mutant, ML-Rgs2, was targeted by both the Ac/N-end rule and Arg/N-end rule pathways. The latter pathway recognizes unacetylated N-terminal residues. Thus, the Nt-acetylated Ac-MX-Rgs2 (X = Arg, Gln, Leu) proteins are specific substrates of the mammalian Ac/N-end rule pathway. Furthermore, the Ac/N-degron of Ac-MQ-Rgs2 was conditional, and Teb4, an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane-embedded ubiquitin ligase, was able to regulate G protein signaling by targeting Ac-MX-Rgs2 proteins for degradation through their N(alpha)-terminal acetyl group.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4748709/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4748709/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Park, Sang-Eun -- Kim, Jeong-Mok -- Seok, Ok-Hee -- Cho, Hanna -- Wadas, Brandon -- Kim, Seon-Young -- Varshavsky, Alexander -- Hwang, Cheol-Sang -- DK039520/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- GM031530/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK039520/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM031530/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Mar 13;347(6227):1249-52. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa3844.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 790-784, South Korea. ; Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA. ; Medical Genomics Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon, South Korea. Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea. ; Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA. cshwang@postech.ac.kr avarsh@caltech.edu. ; Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 790-784, South Korea. cshwang@postech.ac.kr avarsh@caltech.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25766235" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylation ; Amino Acid Sequence ; GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gq-G11/metabolism ; HEK293 Cells ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Membrane Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Mutant Proteins/chemistry/metabolism ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational ; Protein Stability ; Proteolysis ; RGS Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/genetics/metabolism ; Ubiquitination
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  • 100
    Publication Date: 2015-10-31
    Description: Miocene small-bodied anthropoid primates from Africa and Eurasia are generally considered to precede the divergence between the two groups of extant catarrhines-hominoids (apes and humans) and Old World monkeys-and are thus viewed as more primitive than the stem ape Proconsul. Here we describe Pliobates cataloniae gen. et sp. nov., a small-bodied (4 to 5 kilograms) primate from the Iberian Miocene (11.6 million years ago) that displays a mosaic of primitive characteristics coupled with multiple cranial and postcranial shared derived features of extant hominoids. Our cladistic analyses show that Pliobates is a stem hominoid that is more derived than previously described small catarrhines and Proconsul. This forces us to reevaluate the role played by small-bodied catarrhines in ape evolution and provides key insight into the last common ancestor of hylobatids (gibbons) and hominids (great apes and humans).〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Alba, David M -- Almecija, Sergio -- DeMiguel, Daniel -- Fortuny, Josep -- Perez de los Rios, Miriam -- Pina, Marta -- Robles, Josep M -- Moya-Sola, Salvador -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Oct 30;350(6260):aab2625. doi: 10.1126/science.aab2625. Epub 2015 Oct 29.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institut Catala de Paleontologia Miquel Crusafont (ICP), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona (UAB), Edifici ICTA-ICP, Carrer de les Columnes sense numero, Campus de la UAB, 08193 Cerdanyola del Valles, Barcelona, Spain. ; Center for the Advanced Study of Human Paleobiology, Department of Anthropology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA. Institut Catala de Paleontologia Miquel Crusafont (ICP), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona (UAB), Edifici ICTA-ICP, Carrer de les Columnes sense numero, Campus de la UAB, 08193 Cerdanyola del Valles, Barcelona, Spain. ; Institut Catala de Paleontologia Miquel Crusafont (ICP), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona (UAB), Edifici ICTA-ICP, Carrer de les Columnes sense numero, Campus de la UAB, 08193 Cerdanyola del Valles, Barcelona, Spain. FOSSILIA Serveis Paleontologics i Geologics, Jaume I 87, 5e 1a, 08470 Sant Celoni, Barcelona, Spain. ; Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats at ICP and Unitat d'Antropologia Biologica (Department de Biologia Animal, de Biologia Vegetal i d'Ecologia), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Edifici ICTA-ICP, Carrer de les Columnes sense numero, Campus de la UAB, 08193 Cerdanyola del Valles, Barcelona, Spain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26516285" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Body Weight ; Bone and Bones/anatomy & histology ; Brain/anatomy & histology/growth & development ; Dentition ; Hominidae/anatomy & histology/*classification/growth & development ; Humans ; Hylobates/anatomy & histology/*classification/growth & development ; Phylogeny ; Skull/anatomy & histology/growth & development ; Spain
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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