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  • 1
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    Lithium concentration dependent structure and mechanics of amorphous silicon (2016)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-24
    Description: A better understanding of lithium-silicon alloying mechanisms and associated mechanical behavior is essential for the design of Si-based electrodes for Li-ion batteries. Unfortunately, the relationship between the dynamic mechanical response and microstructure evolution during lithiation and delithiation has not been well understood. We use molecular dynamic simulations to investigate lithiated amorphous silicon with a focus to the evolution of its microstructure, phase composition, and stress generation. The results show that the formation of Li x Si alloy phase is via different mechanisms, depending on Li concentration. In these alloy phases, the increase in Li concentration results in reduction of modulus of elasticity and fracture strength but increase in ductility in tension. For a Li x Si system with uniform Li distribution, volume change induced stress is well below the fracture strength in tension.
    Print ISSN: 0021-8979
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7550
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 2
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    Nanoindentation study of the mechanical behavior of TiO2 nanotube arrays (2015)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-10-09
    Description: Titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) nanotube arrays are attracting increasing attention for use in solar cells, lithium-ion batteries, and biomedical implants. To take full advantage of their unique physical properties, such arrays need to maintain adequate mechanical integrity in applications. However, the mechanical performance of TiO 2 nanotube arrays is not well understood. In this work, we investigate the deformation and failure of TiO 2 nanotube arrays using the nanoindentation technique. We found that the load–displacement response of the arrays strongly depends on the indentation depth and indenter shape. Substrate-independent elastic modulus and hardness can be obtained when the indentation depth is less than 2.5% of the array height. The deformation mechanisms of TiO 2 nanotube arrays by Berkovich and conical indenters are closely associated with the densification of TiO 2 nanotubes under compression. A theoretical model for deformation of the arrays under a large-radius conical indenter is also proposed.
    Print ISSN: 0021-8979
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7550
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 3
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    Unraveling Photoinduced Spin Dynamics in the Topological Insulator Bi_{2} Se_{3} (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-01-23
    Description: Author(s): M. C. Wang, S. Qiao, Z. Jiang, S. N. Luo, and J. Qi We report on a time-resolved ultrafast optical spectroscopy study of the topological insulator Bi 2 Se 3 . We unravel that a net spin polarization cannot only be generated using circularly polarized light via interband transitions between topological surface states (SSs), but also via transitions betwee… [Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 036601] Published Fri Jan 22, 2016
    Keywords: Condensed Matter: Electronic Properties, etc.
    Print ISSN: 0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 4
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    Effect of sintering process parameters on the properties of 3Y-PSZ ceramics (2013)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-12-14
    Description: The effect of sintering process parameters on the properties of 3 mol% yttria partially stability zirconia (3Y-PSZ) ceramics has been investigated. The relative density of the sintered pellet rapidly increases from 70.5 to 93.6% with rose temperature from 1473 to 1573 K. In addition, the relative density only slightly increases from 94.9 to 96.6 %, when rose sintered temperature from 1573 to 1773 K. This result shows that no significant influence on the densification behavior when sintering at 1573 to 1773 K for 2 h. The Vickers hardness and toughness also increase with the sintered temperature.
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 5
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    Inversion of chlorophyll contents by use of hyperspectral CHRIS data based on radiative transfer model (2014)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-03-20
    Description: Chlorophyll content, the most important pigment related to photosynthesis, is the key parameter for vegetation growth. The continuous spectrum characteristics of ground objects can be captured through hyperspectral remotely sensed data. In this study, based on the coniferous forest radiative transfer model, chlorophyll contents were inverted by use of hyperspectral CHRIS data in the coniferous forest coverage of Changbai Mountain Area. In addition, the sensitivity of LIBERTY model was analyzed. The experimental results validated that the reflectance simulation of different chlorophyll contents was coincided with that of the field measurement, and hyperspectral vegetation indices applied to the quantitative inversion of chlorophyll contents was feasible and accurate. This study presents a reasonable method of chlorophyll inversion for the coniferous forest, promotes the inversion precision, is of significance in coniferous forest monitoring.
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
    Electronic ISSN: 1755-1315
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 6
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    Fat metabolism links germline stem cells and longevity in C. elegans (2008)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-11-08
    Description: Fat metabolism, reproduction, and aging are intertwined regulatory axes; however, the mechanism by which they are coupled remains poorly understood. We found that germline stem cells (GSCs) actively modulate lipid hydrolysis in Caenorhabditis elegans, which in turn regulates longevity. GSC arrest promotes systemic lipolysis via induction of a specific fat lipase. Subsequently, fat mobilization is promoted and life span is prolonged. Constitutive expression of this lipase in fat storage tissue generates lean and long-lived animals. This lipase is a key factor in the lipid hydrolysis and increased longevity that are induced by decreased insulin signaling. These results suggest a link between C. elegans fat metabolism and longevity.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2760269/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2760269/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wang, Meng C -- O'Rourke, Eyleen J -- Ruvkun, Gary -- 5R01AG016636/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG016636/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG016636-10/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R37 AG014161/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R37 AG014161-13/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Nov 7;322(5903):957-60. doi: 10.1126/science.1162011.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18988854" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging ; Animals ; Caenorhabditis elegans/genetics/metabolism/*physiology ; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Proliferation ; Forkhead Transcription Factors ; Genes, Helminth ; Germ Cells/cytology/*metabolism ; Hydrolysis ; Intestines/cytology/metabolism ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/metabolism ; Lipase/genetics/*metabolism ; *Lipid Metabolism ; *Longevity ; Models, Animal ; Receptor, Insulin/metabolism ; Reproduction ; Signal Transduction ; Stem Cells/cytology/*metabolism ; Temperature ; Transcription Factors/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    Aging. Lysosomal signaling molecules regulate longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans (2015)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-01-03
    Description: Lysosomes are crucial cellular organelles for human health that function in digestion and recycling of extracellular and intracellular macromolecules. We describe a signaling role for lysosomes that affects aging. In the worm Caenorhabditis elegans, the lysosomal acid lipase LIPL-4 triggered nuclear translocalization of a lysosomal lipid chaperone LBP-8, which promoted longevity by activating the nuclear hormone receptors NHR-49 and NHR-80. We used high-throughput metabolomic analysis to identify several lipids in which abundance was increased in worms constitutively overexpressing LIPL-4. Among them, oleoylethanolamide directly bound to LBP-8 and NHR-80 proteins, activated transcription of target genes of NHR-49 and NHR-80, and promoted longevity in C. elegans. These findings reveal a lysosome-to-nucleus signaling pathway that promotes longevity and suggest a function of lysosomes as signaling organelles in metazoans.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4425353/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4425353/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Folick, Andrew -- Oakley, Holly D -- Yu, Yong -- Armstrong, Eric H -- Kumari, Manju -- Sanor, Lucas -- Moore, David D -- Ortlund, Eric A -- Zechner, Rudolf -- Wang, Meng C -- F30 AG046043/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- F30AG046043/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R00 AG034988/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R00AG034988/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG045183/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK095750/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01AG045183/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01DK095750/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM008602/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- T32GM008602/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- T32HD055200/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jan 2;347(6217):83-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1258857.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA. ; Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA. ; Department of Biochemistry, Discovery and Developmental Therapeutics, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. ; Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, A-8010, Austria. ; Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA. ; Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA. ; Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA. wmeng@bcm.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25554789" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Active Transport, Cell Nucleus ; Animals ; Caenorhabditis elegans/genetics/*physiology ; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Lipase/metabolism ; Lipid Metabolism ; Longevity/genetics/*physiology ; Lysosomes/*metabolism ; Molecular Chaperones/genetics/*metabolism ; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/metabolism ; Signal Transduction
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Epigenome-wide ovarian cancer analysis identifies a methylation profile differentiating clear-cell histology with epigenetic silencing of the HERG K+ channel (2013)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-07-03
    Description: Ovarian cancer remains the leading cause of death in women with gynecologic malignancies, despite surgical advances and the development of more effective chemotherapeutics. As increasing evidence indicates that clear-cell ovarian cancer may have unique pathogenesis, further understanding of molecular features may enable us to begin to understand the underlying biology and histology-specific information for improved outcomes. To study epigenetics in clear-cell ovarian cancer, fresh frozen tumor DNA ( n = 485) was assayed on Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChips. We identified a clear-cell ovarian cancer tumor methylation profile ( n = 163) which we validated in two independent replication sets (set 1, n = 163; set 2, n = 159), highlighting 22 CpG loci associated with nine genes ( VWA1 , FOXP1 , FGFRL1 , LINC00340 , KCNH2 , ANK1 , ATXN2 , NDRG21 and SLC16A11 ). Nearly all of the differentially methylated CpGs showed a propensity toward hypermethylation among clear-cell cases. Several loci methylation inversely correlated with tumor gene expression, most notably KCNH2 (HERG, a potassium channel) ( P = 9.5 x 10 –7 ), indicating epigenetic silencing. In addition, a predicted methylation class mainly represented by the clear-cell cases (20 clear cell out of 23 cases) had improved survival time. Although these analyses included only 30 clear-cell carcinomas, results suggest that loss of expression of KCNH2 (HERG) by methylation could be a good prognostic marker, given that overexpression of the potassium (K + ) channel Eag family members promotes increased proliferation and results in poor prognosis. Validation in a bigger cohort of clear-cell tumors of the ovary is warranted.
    Print ISSN: 0964-6906
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2083
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 9
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    Bosonic excitations and electron pairing in an electron-doped cuprate superconductor (2018)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-04-28
    Description: Author(s): M. C. Wang, H. S. Yu, J. Xiong, Y.-F. Yang, S. N. Luo, K. Jin, and J. Qi By applying ultrafast optical spectroscopy to electron-doped La 1.9 Ce 0.1 CuO 4 ± δ , we discern a bosonic mode of electronic origin and provide the evolution of its coupling with the charge carriers as a function of temperature. Our results show that it has the strongest coupling strength near T c and can ... [Phys. Rev. B 97, 155157] Published Fri Apr 27, 2018
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
    Print ISSN: 1098-0121
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3795
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 10
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    Interconnections between autophagy and the coagulation cascade in hepatocellular carcinoma (2014)
    Springer Nature
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    Publication Date: 2014-05-23
    Description: Interconnections between autophagy and the coagulation cascade in hepatocellular carcinoma Cell Death and Disease 5, e1244 (May 2014). doi:10.1038/cddis.2014.212 Authors: K-D Chen, C-C Wang, M-C Tsai, C-H Wu, H-J Yang, L-Y Chen, T Nakano, S Goto, K-T Huang, T-H Hu, C-L Chen & C-C Lin
    Keywords: autophagyhepatocellular carcinomatissue factorfactor VIIprotease-activated receptor 2mammalian target of rapamycin
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-4889
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer Nature
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