ALBERT

All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • Articles  (910)
  • Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in Press  (910)
  • Mutation  (666)
  • Phosphorylation  (311)
  • Cell & Developmental Biology
  • Chemical Engineering
  • General Chemistry
  • 2015-2019  (102)
  • 1995-1999  (808)
  • 1955-1959
  • 1945-1949
  • 1930-1934
  • Medicine  (910)
Collection
  • Articles  (910)
Source
Keywords
Years
Year
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2016-01-20
    Description: The final identity and functional properties of a neuron are specified by terminal differentiation genes, which are controlled by specific motifs in compact regulatory regions. To determine how these sequences integrate inputs from transcription factors that specify cell types, we compared the regulatory mechanism of Drosophila Rhodopsin genes that are expressed in subsets of photoreceptors to that of phototransduction genes that are expressed broadly, in all photoreceptors. Both sets of genes share an 11-base pair (bp) activator motif. Broadly expressed genes contain a palindromic version that mediates expression in all photoreceptors. In contrast, each Rhodopsin exhibits characteristic single-bp substitutions that break the symmetry of the palindrome and generate activator or repressor motifs critical for restricting expression to photoreceptor subsets. Sensory neuron subtypes can therefore evolve through single-bp changes in short regulatory motifs, allowing the discrimination of a wide spectrum of stimuli.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rister, Jens -- Razzaq, Ansa -- Boodram, Pamela -- Desai, Nisha -- Tsanis, Cleopatra -- Chen, Hongtao -- Jukam, David -- Desplan, Claude -- K99EY023995/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01 EY13010/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Dec 4;350(6265):1258-61. doi: 10.1126/science.aab3417.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Developmental Genetics, Department of Biology, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY 10003-6688, USA. ; Center for Developmental Genetics, Department of Biology, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY 10003-6688, USA. cd38@nyu.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26785491" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Pairing ; Drosophila Proteins/*genetics ; Drosophila melanogaster/genetics/growth & development ; *Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Mutation ; Photoreceptor Cells, Invertebrate/*physiology ; Promoter Regions, Genetic/*genetics ; Rhodopsin/*genetics ; Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Vision, Ocular/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    Publication Date: 2016-01-20
    Description: Congenital heart disease (CHD) patients have an increased prevalence of extracardiac congenital anomalies (CAs) and risk of neurodevelopmental disabilities (NDDs). Exome sequencing of 1213 CHD parent-offspring trios identified an excess of protein-damaging de novo mutations, especially in genes highly expressed in the developing heart and brain. These mutations accounted for 20% of patients with CHD, NDD, and CA but only 2% of patients with isolated CHD. Mutations altered genes involved in morphogenesis, chromatin modification, and transcriptional regulation, including multiple mutations in RBFOX2, a regulator of mRNA splicing. Genes mutated in other cohorts examined for NDD were enriched in CHD cases, particularly those with coexisting NDD. These findings reveal shared genetic contributions to CHD, NDD, and CA and provide opportunities for improved prognostic assessment and early therapeutic intervention in CHD patients.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Homsy, Jason -- Zaidi, Samir -- Shen, Yufeng -- Ware, James S -- Samocha, Kaitlin E -- Karczewski, Konrad J -- DePalma, Steven R -- McKean, David -- Wakimoto, Hiroko -- Gorham, Josh -- Jin, Sheng Chih -- Deanfield, John -- Giardini, Alessandro -- Porter, George A Jr -- Kim, Richard -- Bilguvar, Kaya -- Lopez-Giraldez, Francesc -- Tikhonova, Irina -- Mane, Shrikant -- Romano-Adesman, Angela -- Qi, Hongjian -- Vardarajan, Badri -- Ma, Lijiang -- Daly, Mark -- Roberts, Amy E -- Russell, Mark W -- Mital, Seema -- Newburger, Jane W -- Gaynor, J William -- Breitbart, Roger E -- Iossifov, Ivan -- Ronemus, Michael -- Sanders, Stephan J -- Kaltman, Jonathan R -- Seidman, Jonathan G -- Brueckner, Martina -- Gelb, Bruce D -- Goldmuntz, Elizabeth -- Lifton, Richard P -- Seidman, Christine E -- Chung, Wendy K -- T32 HL007208/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- Arthritis Research UK/United Kingdom -- British Heart Foundation/United Kingdom -- Department of Health/United Kingdom -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Dec 4;350(6265):1262-6. doi: 10.1126/science.aac9396.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. ; Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. ; Departments of Systems Biology and Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. ; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation and Trust and Imperial College London, London, UK. National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK. ; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Analytical and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston MA, USA. ; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA. ; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. ; Department of Cardiology, University College London and Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK. ; Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, The School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA. ; Section of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA. ; Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. Yale Center for Genome Analysis, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA. ; Yale Center for Genome Analysis, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA. ; Steven and Alexandra Cohen Children's Medical Center of New York, New Hyde Park, NY, USA. ; Departments of Systems Biology and Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. ; Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. ; Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. ; Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA, USA. ; Division of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. ; Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. ; Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. ; Department of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA. ; Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA. ; Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. ; Heart Development and Structural Diseases Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, NHLBI/NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA. ; Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. bruce.gelb@mssm.edu goldmuntz@email.chop.edu martina.brueckner@yale.edu richard.lifton@yale.edu cseidman@genetics.med.harvard.edu wkc15@cumc.columbia.edu. ; Mindich Child Health and Development Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. bruce.gelb@mssm.edu goldmuntz@email.chop.edu martina.brueckner@yale.edu richard.lifton@yale.edu cseidman@genetics.med.harvard.edu wkc15@cumc.columbia.edu. ; Department of Pediatrics, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. Division of Cardiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA. bruce.gelb@mssm.edu goldmuntz@email.chop.edu martina.brueckner@yale.edu richard.lifton@yale.edu cseidman@genetics.med.harvard.edu wkc15@cumc.columbia.edu. ; Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA. bruce.gelb@mssm.edu goldmuntz@email.chop.edu martina.brueckner@yale.edu richard.lifton@yale.edu cseidman@genetics.med.harvard.edu wkc15@cumc.columbia.edu. ; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA. Cardiovascular Division, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA. bruce.gelb@mssm.edu goldmuntz@email.chop.edu martina.brueckner@yale.edu richard.lifton@yale.edu cseidman@genetics.med.harvard.edu wkc15@cumc.columbia.edu. ; Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. bruce.gelb@mssm.edu goldmuntz@email.chop.edu martina.brueckner@yale.edu richard.lifton@yale.edu cseidman@genetics.med.harvard.edu wkc15@cumc.columbia.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26785492" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Brain/abnormalities/metabolism ; Child ; Congenital Abnormalities/genetics ; Exome/genetics ; Heart Defects, Congenital/*diagnosis/*genetics ; Humans ; Mutation ; Nervous System Malformations/*genetics ; Neurogenesis/*genetics ; Prognosis ; RNA Splicing/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; RNA-Binding Proteins/genetics ; Repressor Proteins/genetics ; Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2016-01-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Alexandrov, Ludmil B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Dec 4;350(6265):1175. doi: 10.1126/science.aad7363.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Theoretical Biology and Biophysics (T-6), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA. lba@lanl.gov.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26785464" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Computer Simulation ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Genomics/*methods ; Humans ; *Models, Genetic ; *Mutagenesis ; Mutation ; Neoplasms/classification/*genetics/pathology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2016-01-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, Jon -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Dec 4;350(6265):1186-7. doi: 10.1126/science.350.6265.1186.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26785474" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Caenorhabditis elegans/genetics/physiology ; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins/genetics/physiology ; Caloric Restriction ; Death ; Humans ; Hydra/genetics/physiology ; Longevity/genetics/*physiology ; Mice ; Mutation ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/genetics/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 5
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2016-01-20
    Description: Research into stem cells and aging aims to understand how stem cells maintain tissue health, what mechanisms ultimately lead to decline in stem cell function with age, and how the regenerative capacity of somatic stem cells can be enhanced to promote healthy aging. Here, we explore the effects of aging on stem cells in different tissues. Recent research has focused on the ways that genetic mutations, epigenetic changes, and the extrinsic environmental milieu influence stem cell functionality over time. We describe each of these three factors, the ways in which they interact, and how these interactions decrease stem cell health over time. We are optimistic that a better understanding of these changes will uncover potential strategies to enhance stem cell function and increase tissue resiliency into old age.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goodell, Margaret A -- Rando, Thomas A -- P01 AG036695/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG047820/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AR062185/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- R37 AG023806/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Dec 4;350(6265):1199-204. doi: 10.1126/science.aab3388.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, and Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA. goodell@bcm.edu rando@stanford.edu. ; Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging and Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, and Center for Regenerative Rehabilitation, Veterans Administration Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA. goodell@bcm.edu rando@stanford.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26785478" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult Stem Cells/*physiology ; Aging/*physiology ; Animals ; Cell Aging ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Genetic Drift ; *Health ; Humans ; Mice ; Mutation ; Organ Specificity ; Selection, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 6
    Publication Date: 2016-02-26
    Description: Hundreds of pathways for degradation converge at ubiquitin recognition by a proteasome. Here, we found that the five known proteasomal ubiquitin receptors in yeast are collectively nonessential for ubiquitin recognition and identified a sixth receptor, Rpn1. A site ( T1: ) in the Rpn1 toroid recognized ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like ( UBL: ) domains of substrate shuttling factors. T1 structures with monoubiquitin or lysine 48 diubiquitin show three neighboring outer helices engaging two ubiquitins. T1 contributes a distinct substrate-binding pathway with preference for lysine 48-linked chains. Proximal to T1 within the Rpn1 toroid is a second UBL-binding site ( T2: ) that assists in ubiquitin chain disassembly, by binding the UBL of deubiquitinating enzyme Ubp6. Thus, a two-site recognition domain intrinsic to the proteasome uses distinct ubiquitin-fold ligands to assemble substrates, shuttling factors, and a deubiquitinating enzyme.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shi, Yuan -- Chen, Xiang -- Elsasser, Suzanne -- Stocks, Bradley B -- Tian, Geng -- Lee, Byung-Hoon -- Shi, Yanhong -- Zhang, Naixia -- de Poot, Stefanie A H -- Tuebing, Fabian -- Sun, Shuangwu -- Vannoy, Jacob -- Tarasov, Sergey G -- Engen, John R -- Finley, Daniel -- Walters, Kylie J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Feb 19;351(6275). pii: aad9421. doi: 10.1126/science.aad9421.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, 240 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA. ; Protein Processing Section, Structural Biophysics Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA. ; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA. ; Protein Processing Section, Structural Biophysics Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA. Department of Analytical Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China. ; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China. ; Protein Processing Section, Structural Biophysics Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA. Linganore High School, Frederick, MD 21701, USA. ; Biophysics Resource, Structural Biophysics Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA. ; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA. j.engen@neu.edu kylie.walters@nih.gov daniel_finley@hms.harvard.edu. ; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, 240 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA. j.engen@neu.edu kylie.walters@nih.gov daniel_finley@hms.harvard.edu. ; Protein Processing Section, Structural Biophysics Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA. j.engen@neu.edu kylie.walters@nih.gov daniel_finley@hms.harvard.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26912900" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Endopeptidases/metabolism ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; Models, Molecular ; Mutation ; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/*metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/*chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Ubiquitin-Specific Proteases/metabolism ; Ubiquitination
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 7
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2016-01-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Couzin-Frankel, Jennifer -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Jan 29;351(6272):440-3. doi: 10.1126/science.351.6272.440.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26823410" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Child ; Child, Preschool ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; DNA Repair/genetics ; Female ; *Genes, Neoplasm ; *Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Male ; Mutation ; Neoplasms/*genetics/mortality ; Pedigree ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 8
    Publication Date: 2016-04-09
    Description: Activation of various cell surface receptors triggers the reorganization of downstream signaling molecules into micrometer- or submicrometer-sized clusters. However, the functional consequences of such clustering have been unclear. We biochemically reconstituted a 12-component signaling pathway on model membranes, beginning with T cell receptor (TCR) activation and ending with actin assembly. When TCR phosphorylation was triggered, downstream signaling proteins spontaneously separated into liquid-like clusters that promoted signaling outputs both in vitro and in human Jurkat T cells. Reconstituted clusters were enriched in kinases but excluded phosphatases and enhanced actin filament assembly by recruiting and organizing actin regulators. These results demonstrate that protein phase separation can create a distinct physical and biochemical compartment that facilitates signaling.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Su, Xiaolei -- Ditlev, Jonathon A -- Hui, Enfu -- Xing, Wenmin -- Banjade, Sudeep -- Okrut, Julia -- King, David S -- Taunton, Jack -- Rosen, Michael K -- Vale, Ronald D -- 5-F32-DK101188/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- F32 DK101188/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM056322/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01-GM56322/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Apr 29;352(6285):595-9. doi: 10.1126/science.aad9964. Epub 2016 Apr 7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) Summer Institute, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA. Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA. ; Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) Summer Institute, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA. Department of Biophysics and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA. ; HHMI Mass Spectrometry Laboratory and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. ; Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) Summer Institute, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA. Department of Biophysics and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA. ron.vale@ucsf.edu michael.rosen@utsouthwestern.edu. ; Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) Summer Institute, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA. Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA. ron.vale@ucsf.edu michael.rosen@utsouthwestern.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27056844" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Actins/*metabolism ; Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/*metabolism ; Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching ; Humans ; Jurkat Cells ; Membrane Proteins/*metabolism ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases ; Phosphorylation ; Polymerization ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/*agonists ; Signal Transduction ; T-Lymphocytes/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 9
    Publication Date: 2016-03-05
    Description: As tumors grow, they acquire mutations, some of which create neoantigens that influence the response of patients to immune checkpoint inhibitors. We explored the impact of neoantigen intratumor heterogeneity (ITH) on antitumor immunity. Through integrated analysis of ITH and neoantigen burden, we demonstrate a relationship between clonal neoantigen burden and overall survival in primary lung adenocarcinomas. CD8(+)tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes reactive to clonal neoantigens were identified in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer and expressed high levels of PD-1. Sensitivity to PD-1 and CTLA-4 blockade in patients with advanced NSCLC and melanoma was enhanced in tumors enriched for clonal neoantigens. T cells recognizing clonal neoantigens were detectable in patients with durable clinical benefit. Cytotoxic chemotherapy-induced subclonal neoantigens, contributing to an increased mutational load, were enriched in certain poor responders. These data suggest that neoantigen heterogeneity may influence immune surveillance and support therapeutic developments targeting clonal neoantigens.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McGranahan, Nicholas -- Furness, Andrew J S -- Rosenthal, Rachel -- Ramskov, Sofie -- Lyngaa, Rikke -- Saini, Sunil Kumar -- Jamal-Hanjani, Mariam -- Wilson, Gareth A -- Birkbak, Nicolai J -- Hiley, Crispin T -- Watkins, Thomas B K -- Shafi, Seema -- Murugaesu, Nirupa -- Mitter, Richard -- Akarca, Ayse U -- Linares, Joseph -- Marafioti, Teresa -- Henry, Jake Y -- Van Allen, Eliezer M -- Miao, Diana -- Schilling, Bastian -- Schadendorf, Dirk -- Garraway, Levi A -- Makarov, Vladimir -- Rizvi, Naiyer A -- Snyder, Alexandra -- Hellmann, Matthew D -- Merghoub, Taha -- Wolchok, Jedd D -- Shukla, Sachet A -- Wu, Catherine J -- Peggs, Karl S -- Chan, Timothy A -- Hadrup, Sine R -- Quezada, Sergio A -- Swanton, Charles -- 12100/Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom -- 1R01CA155010-02/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- 1R01CA182461-01/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- 1R01CA184922-01/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Mar 25;351(6280):1463-9. doi: 10.1126/science.aaf1490. Epub 2016 Mar 3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉The Francis Crick Institute, London WC2A 3LY, UK. Centre for Mathematics and Physics in the Life Sciences and Experimental Biology (CoMPLEX), University College London (UCL), London WC1E 6BT, UK. Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, UCL Cancer Institute, London WC1E 6BT, UK. ; Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, UCL Cancer Institute, London WC1E 6BT, UK. Cancer Immunology Unit, UCL Cancer Institute, UCL, London WC1E 6BT, UK. ; Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, UCL Cancer Institute, London WC1E 6BT, UK. ; Section for Immunology and Vaccinology, National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, 1970 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. ; The Francis Crick Institute, London WC2A 3LY, UK. Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, UCL Cancer Institute, London WC1E 6BT, UK. ; The Francis Crick Institute, London WC2A 3LY, UK. ; Cancer Immunology Unit, UCL Cancer Institute, UCL, London WC1E 6BT, UK. Department of Cellular Pathology, UCL, London WC1E 6BT, UK. ; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA. ; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. ; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany. German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69121 Heidelberg, Germany. ; Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. ; Hematology/Oncology Division, 177 Fort Washington Avenue, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA. ; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA. ; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. ; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA. Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. ; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Department of Internal Medicine, Brigham and Woman's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA. ; Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, UCL Cancer Institute, London WC1E 6BT, UK. Cancer Immunology Unit, UCL Cancer Institute, UCL, London WC1E 6BT, UK. s.quezada@ucl.ac.uk charles.swanton@crick.ac.uk. ; The Francis Crick Institute, London WC2A 3LY, UK. Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, UCL Cancer Institute, London WC1E 6BT, UK. s.quezada@ucl.ac.uk charles.swanton@crick.ac.uk.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26940869" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenocarcinoma/drug therapy/genetics/*immunology ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antigens, Neoplasm/genetics/*immunology ; Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; CTLA-4 Antigen/immunology ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics/immunology ; Cell Cycle Checkpoints/immunology ; Female ; Humans ; *Immunologic Surveillance ; Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy/genetics/*immunology ; Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/immunology ; Male ; Melanoma/immunology ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/immunology ; Skin Neoplasms/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 10
    Publication Date: 2016-03-26
    Description: Brazil has experienced an unprecedented epidemic of Zika virus (ZIKV), with ~30,000 cases reported to date. ZIKV was first detected in Brazil in May 2015, and cases of microcephaly potentially associated with ZIKV infection were identified in November 2015. We performed next-generation sequencing to generate seven Brazilian ZIKV genomes sampled from four self-limited cases, one blood donor, one fatal adult case, and one newborn with microcephaly and congenital malformations. Results of phylogenetic and molecular clock analyses show a single introduction of ZIKV into the Americas, which we estimated to have occurred between May and December 2013, more than 12 months before the detection of ZIKV in Brazil. The estimated date of origin coincides with an increase in air passengers to Brazil from ZIKV-endemic areas, as well as with reported outbreaks in the Pacific Islands. ZIKV genomes from Brazil are phylogenetically interspersed with those from other South American and Caribbean countries. Mapping mutations onto existing structural models revealed the context of viral amino acid changes present in the outbreak lineage; however, no shared amino acid changes were found among the three currently available virus genomes from microcephaly cases. Municipality-level incidence data indicate that reports of suspected microcephaly in Brazil best correlate with ZIKV incidence around week 17 of pregnancy, although this correlation does not demonstrate causation. Our genetic description and analysis of ZIKV isolates in Brazil provide a baseline for future studies of the evolution and molecular epidemiology of this emerging virus in the Americas.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Faria, Nuno Rodrigues -- Azevedo, Raimunda do Socorro da Silva -- Kraemer, Moritz U G -- Souza, Renato -- Cunha, Mariana Sequetin -- Hill, Sarah C -- Theze, Julien -- Bonsall, Michael B -- Bowden, Thomas A -- Rissanen, Ilona -- Rocco, Iray Maria -- Nogueira, Juliana Silva -- Maeda, Adriana Yurika -- Vasami, Fernanda Giseli da Silva -- Macedo, Fernando Luiz de Lima -- Suzuki, Akemi -- Rodrigues, Sueli Guerreiro -- Cruz, Ana Cecilia Ribeiro -- Nunes, Bruno Tardeli -- Medeiros, Daniele Barbosa de Almeida -- Rodrigues, Daniela Sueli Guerreiro -- Nunes Queiroz, Alice Louize -- da Silva, Eliana Vieira Pinto -- Henriques, Daniele Freitas -- Travassos da Rosa, Elisabeth Salbe -- de Oliveira, Consuelo Silva -- Martins, Livia Caricio -- Vasconcelos, Helena Baldez -- Casseb, Livia Medeiros Neves -- Simith, Darlene de Brito -- Messina, Jane P -- Abade, Leandro -- Lourenco, Jose -- Carlos Junior Alcantara, Luiz -- de Lima, Maricelia Maia -- Giovanetti, Marta -- Hay, Simon I -- de Oliveira, Rodrigo Santos -- Lemos, Poliana da Silva -- de Oliveira, Layanna Freitas -- de Lima, Clayton Pereira Silva -- da Silva, Sandro Patroca -- de Vasconcelos, Janaina Mota -- Franco, Luciano -- Cardoso, Jedson Ferreira -- Vianez-Junior, Joao Lidio da Silva Goncalves -- Mir, Daiana -- Bello, Gonzalo -- Delatorre, Edson -- Khan, Kamran -- Creatore, Marisa -- Coelho, Giovanini Evelim -- de Oliveira, Wanderson Kleber -- Tesh, Robert -- Pybus, Oliver G -- Nunes, Marcio R T -- Vasconcelos, Pedro F C -- 090532/Z/09/Z/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 095066/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 102427/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- MR/L009528/1/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- R24 AT 120942/AT/NCCIH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Apr 15;352(6283):345-9. doi: 10.1126/science.aaf5036. Epub 2016 Mar 24.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Technological Innovation, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua, PA 67030-000, Brazil. Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK. ; Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua, Para State, Brazil. ; Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK. ; Instituto Adolfo Lutz, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. ; Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. ; Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK. Metabiota, San Francisco, CA 94104, USA. ; Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. ; Centre of Post Graduation in Collective Health, Department of Health, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil. ; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98121, USA. Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. ; Center for Technological Innovation, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua, PA 67030-000, Brazil. ; Laboratorio de AIDS and Imunologia Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. ; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. ; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. ; Brazilian Ministry of Health, Brasilia, Brazil. ; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA. ; Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK. Metabiota, San Francisco, CA 94104, USA. oliver.pybus@zoo.ox.ac.uk marcionunesbrasil@yahoo.com.br pedrovasconcelos@iec.pa.gov.br. ; Center for Technological Innovation, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua, PA 67030-000, Brazil. Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA. oliver.pybus@zoo.ox.ac.uk marcionunesbrasil@yahoo.com.br pedrovasconcelos@iec.pa.gov.br. ; Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua, Para State, Brazil. oliver.pybus@zoo.ox.ac.uk marcionunesbrasil@yahoo.com.br pedrovasconcelos@iec.pa.gov.br.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27013429" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aedes/virology ; Americas/epidemiology ; Animals ; *Disease Outbreaks ; Female ; Genome, Viral/genetics ; Humans ; Incidence ; Insect Vectors/virology ; Microcephaly/*epidemiology/virology ; Molecular Epidemiology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Pacific Islands/epidemiology ; Phylogeny ; Pregnancy ; RNA, Viral/genetics ; Sequence Analysis, RNA ; Travel ; Zika Virus/classification/*genetics/isolation & purification ; Zika Virus Infection/*epidemiology/transmission/*virology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 11
    Publication Date: 2016-04-16
    Description: Drug resistance compromises control of malaria. Here, we show that resistance to a commonly used antimalarial medication, atovaquone, is apparently unable to spread. Atovaquone pressure selects parasites with mutations in cytochrome b, a respiratory protein with low but essential activity in the mammalian blood phase of the parasite life cycle. Resistance mutations rescue parasites from the drug but later prove lethal in the mosquito phase, where parasites require full respiration. Unable to respire efficiently, resistant parasites fail to complete mosquito development, arresting their life cycle. Because cytochrome b is encoded by the maternally inherited parasite mitochondrion, even outcrossing with wild-type strains cannot facilitate spread of resistance. Lack of transmission suggests that resistance will be unable to spread in the field, greatly enhancing the utility of atovaquone in malaria control.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goodman, Christopher D -- Siregar, Josephine E -- Mollard, Vanessa -- Vega-Rodriguez, Joel -- Syafruddin, Din -- Matsuoka, Hiroyuki -- Matsuzaki, Motomichi -- Toyama, Tomoko -- Sturm, Angelika -- Cozijnsen, Anton -- Jacobs-Lorena, Marcelo -- Kita, Kiyoshi -- Marzuki, Sangkot -- McFadden, Geoffrey I -- AI031478/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- RR00052/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Apr 15;352(6283):349-53. doi: 10.1126/science.aad9279.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia. gim@unimelb.edu.au deang@unimelb.edu.au. ; School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia. Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, JI Diponegoro no. 69, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia. Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan. ; School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia. ; Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Malaria Research Institute, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. ; Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, JI Diponegoro no. 69, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia. Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan Km10, Makassar 90245, Indonesia. ; Division of Medical Zoology, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan. ; Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan. ; Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan. School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan. ; Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, JI Diponegoro no. 69, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27081071" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anopheles/*parasitology ; Antimalarials/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Atovaquone/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Cell Line ; Cytochromes b/*genetics ; Drug Resistance/*genetics ; Genes, Mitochondrial/genetics ; Humans ; Life Cycle Stages/drug effects/genetics ; Malaria/drug therapy/*parasitology/transmission ; Male ; Mice ; Mitochondria/*genetics ; Mutation ; Plasmodium berghei/*drug effects/genetics/growth & development ; Selection, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 12
    Publication Date: 2016-03-19
    Description: Exploiting binding affinities between molecules is an established practice in many fields, including biochemical separations, diagnostics, and drug development; however, using these affinities to control biomolecule release is a more recent strategy. Affinity-controlled release takes advantage of the reversible nature of noncovalent interactions between a therapeutic protein and a binding partner to slow the diffusive release of the protein from a vehicle. This process, in contrast to degradation-controlled sustained-release formulations such as poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres, is controlled through the strength of the binding interaction, the binding kinetics, and the concentration of binding partners. In the context of affinity-controlled release--and specifically the discovery or design of binding partners--we review advances in in vitro selection and directed evolution of proteins, peptides, and oligonucleotides (aptamers), aided by computational design.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pakulska, Malgosia M -- Miersch, Shane -- Shoichet, Molly S -- Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Mar 18;351(6279):aac4750. doi: 10.1126/science.aac4750.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, and Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. ; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. ; Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, and Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26989257" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chemical Engineering ; Combinatorial Chemistry Techniques ; Delayed-Action Preparations/*chemistry ; Directed Molecular Evolution ; *Drug Design ; Humans ; Lactic Acid/*chemistry ; Microspheres ; Polyglycolic Acid/*chemistry ; Proteins/*administration & dosage
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 13
    Publication Date: 2016-03-05
    Description: Oncogenes are activated through well-known chromosomal alterations such as gene fusion, translocation, and focal amplification. In light of recent evidence that the control of key genes depends on chromosome structures called insulated neighborhoods, we investigated whether proto-oncogenes occur within these structures and whether oncogene activation can occur via disruption of insulated neighborhood boundaries in cancer cells. We mapped insulated neighborhoods in T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) and found that tumor cell genomes contain recurrent microdeletions that eliminate the boundary sites of insulated neighborhoods containing prominent T-ALL proto-oncogenes. Perturbation of such boundaries in nonmalignant cells was sufficient to activate proto-oncogenes. Mutations affecting chromosome neighborhood boundaries were found in many types of cancer. Thus, oncogene activation can occur via genetic alterations that disrupt insulated neighborhoods in malignant cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hnisz, Denes -- Weintraub, Abraham S -- Day, Daniel S -- Valton, Anne-Laure -- Bak, Rasmus O -- Li, Charles H -- Goldmann, Johanna -- Lajoie, Bryan R -- Fan, Zi Peng -- Sigova, Alla A -- Reddy, Jessica -- Borges-Rivera, Diego -- Lee, Tong Ihn -- Jaenisch, Rudolf -- Porteus, Matthew H -- Dekker, Job -- Young, Richard A -- AI120766/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- CA109901/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- HG002668/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- MH104610/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- NS088538/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM 112720/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG002668/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG003143/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH104610/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- U01 DA 040588/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- U01 HG007910/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U01 R01 AI 117839/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U54 CA193419/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- U54 DK107980/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG007010/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Mar 25;351(6280):1454-8. doi: 10.1126/science.aad9024. Epub 2016 Mar 3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. ; Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. ; Program in Systems Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA. ; Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. ; Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. Computational and Systems Biology Program, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. ; Program in Systems Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute. ; Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. young@wi.mit.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26940867" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Chromosome Aberrations ; Chromosome Mapping ; *Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Mutation ; Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/*genetics ; Proto-Oncogenes/*genetics ; *Sequence Deletion ; Transcriptional Activation ; *Translocation, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 14
    Publication Date: 2016-03-26
    Description: Sequencing of exomes and genomes has revealed abundant genetic variation affecting the coding sequences of human transcription factors (TFs), but the consequences of such variation remain largely unexplored. We developed a computational, structure-based approach to evaluate TF variants for their impact on DNA binding activity and used universal protein-binding microarrays to assay sequence-specific DNA binding activity across 41 reference and 117 variant alleles found in individuals of diverse ancestries and families with Mendelian diseases. We found 77 variants in 28 genes that affect DNA binding affinity or specificity and identified thousands of rare alleles likely to alter the DNA binding activity of human sequence-specific TFs. Our results suggest that most individuals have unique repertoires of TF DNA binding activities, which may contribute to phenotypic variation.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4825693/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4825693/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barrera, Luis A -- Vedenko, Anastasia -- Kurland, Jesse V -- Rogers, Julia M -- Gisselbrecht, Stephen S -- Rossin, Elizabeth J -- Woodard, Jaie -- Mariani, Luca -- Kock, Kian Hong -- Inukai, Sachi -- Siggers, Trevor -- Shokri, Leila -- Gordan, Raluca -- Sahni, Nidhi -- Cotsapas, Chris -- Hao, Tong -- Yi, Song -- Kellis, Manolis -- Daly, Mark J -- Vidal, Marc -- Hill, David E -- Bulyk, Martha L -- P50 HG004233/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG003985/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Mar 25;351(6280):1450-4. doi: 10.1126/science.aad2257. Epub 2016 Mar 24.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Committee on Higher Degrees in Biophysics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. ; Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. ; Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Committee on Higher Degrees in Biophysics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. ; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA. Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. ; Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Program in Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. ; Center for Cancer Systems Biology (CCSB), Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA. Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA. Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. ; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA. Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. ; Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. ; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA. Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. Center for Human Genetics Research and Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA. ; Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Committee on Higher Degrees in Biophysics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. Program in Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. Center for Cancer Systems Biology (CCSB), Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA. Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27013732" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Binding Sites ; Computer Simulation ; DNA/*metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*genetics/metabolism ; Exome/genetics ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Genetic Diseases, Inborn/*genetics ; Genetic Variation ; Genome, Human ; Humans ; Mutation ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Protein Array Analysis ; Protein Binding ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Transcription Factors/*genetics/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 15
    Publication Date: 2016-01-02
    Description: Antibiotic treatment has two conflicting effects: the desired, immediate effect of inhibiting bacterial growth and the undesired, long-term effect of promoting the evolution of resistance. Although these contrasting outcomes seem inextricably linked, recent work has revealed several ways by which antibiotics can be combined to inhibit bacterial growth while, counterintuitively, selecting against resistant mutants. Decoupling treatment efficacy from the risk of resistance can be achieved by exploiting specific interactions between drugs, and the ways in which resistance mutations to a given drug can modulate these interactions or increase the sensitivity of the bacteria to other compounds. Although their practical application requires much further development and validation, and relies on advances in genomic diagnostics, these discoveries suggest novel paradigms that may restrict or even reverse the evolution of resistance.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Baym, Michael -- Stone, Laura K -- Kishony, Roy -- R01-GM081617/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Jan 1;351(6268):aad3292. doi: 10.1126/science.aad3292.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. ; Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Department of Biology and Department of Computer Science, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel. rkishony@technion.ac.il.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26722002" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anti-Bacterial Agents/*pharmacology ; Bacteria/*drug effects/*genetics ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial/*genetics ; *Evolution, Molecular ; Humans ; Mutation ; Selection, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 16
    Publication Date: 2016-02-26
    Description: In response to growth signals, mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) stimulates anabolic processes underlying cell growth. We found that mTORC1 increases metabolic flux through the de novo purine synthesis pathway in various mouse and human cells, thereby influencing the nucleotide pool available for nucleic acid synthesis. mTORC1 had transcriptional effects on multiple enzymes contributing to purine synthesis, with expression of the mitochondrial tetrahydrofolate (mTHF) cycle enzyme methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 2 (MTHFD2) being closely associated with mTORC1 signaling in both normal and cancer cells. MTHFD2 expression and purine synthesis were stimulated by activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), which was activated by mTORC1 independent of its canonical induction downstream of eukaryotic initiation factor 2alpha eIF2alpha phosphorylation. Thus, mTORC1 stimulates the mTHF cycle, which contributes one-carbon units to enhance production of purine nucleotides in response to growth signals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ben-Sahra, Issam -- Hoxhaj, Gerta -- Ricoult, Stephane J H -- Asara, John M -- Manning, Brendan D -- K99-CA194192/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P01 CA120964/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P01-CA120964/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P30-CA006516/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA181390/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01-CA181390/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R35 CA197459/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R35-CA197459/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Feb 12;351(6274):728-33. doi: 10.1126/science.aad0489.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA. ; Division of Signal Transduction, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. ; Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA. bmanning@hsph.harvard.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26912861" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Activating Transcription Factor 4/genetics/metabolism ; Animals ; Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-2/metabolism ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Methenyltetrahydrofolate Cyclohydrolase/genetics ; Methylenetetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase (NADP)/genetics ; Mice ; Mitochondria/*metabolism ; Multiprotein Complexes/genetics/*metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Biosynthesis ; Purines/*biosynthesis ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics/*metabolism ; Tetrahydrofolates/*metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 17
    Publication Date: 2016-02-06
    Description: SH3 and multiple ankyrin repeat domains 3 (SHANK3) haploinsufficiency is causative for the neurological features of Phelan-McDermid syndrome (PMDS), including a high risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We used unbiased, quantitative proteomics to identify changes in the phosphoproteome of Shank3-deficient neurons. Down-regulation of protein kinase B (PKB/Akt)-mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling resulted from enhanced phosphorylation and activation of serine/threonine protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) regulatory subunit, B56beta, due to increased steady-state levels of its kinase, Cdc2-like kinase 2 (CLK2). Pharmacological and genetic activation of Akt or inhibition of CLK2 relieved synaptic deficits in Shank3-deficient and PMDS patient-derived neurons. CLK2 inhibition also restored normal sociability in a Shank3-deficient mouse model. Our study thereby provides a novel mechanistic and potentially therapeutic understanding of deregulated signaling downstream of Shank3 deficiency.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bidinosti, Michael -- Botta, Paolo -- Kruttner, Sebastian -- Proenca, Catia C -- Stoehr, Natacha -- Bernhard, Mario -- Fruh, Isabelle -- Mueller, Matthias -- Bonenfant, Debora -- Voshol, Hans -- Carbone, Walter -- Neal, Sarah J -- McTighe, Stephanie M -- Roma, Guglielmo -- Dolmetsch, Ricardo E -- Porter, Jeffrey A -- Caroni, Pico -- Bouwmeester, Tewis -- Luthi, Andreas -- Galimberti, Ivan -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Mar 11;351(6278):1199-203. doi: 10.1126/science.aad5487. Epub 2016 Feb 4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Developmental Molecular Pathways, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland. ; Friedrich Miescher Institute, Basel, Switzerland. ; Analytical Sciences and Imaging, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland. ; Neuroscience, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, USA. ; Developmental Molecular Pathways, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland. ivan.galimberti@novartis.com.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26847545" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Autism Spectrum Disorder/*drug therapy/enzymology/genetics ; Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosome Disorders/genetics ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22/genetics ; Disease Models, Animal ; Down-Regulation ; Gene Knockdown Techniques ; Humans ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/metabolism ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Multiprotein Complexes/metabolism ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/*genetics ; Neurons/enzymology ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Phosphatase 2/metabolism ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/*antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/*antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Proteomics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/genetics/metabolism ; Rats ; Signal Transduction ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 18
    Publication Date: 2016-03-26
    Description: Induction of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) is a major HIV vaccine goal. Germline-targeting immunogens aim to initiate bnAb induction by activating bnAb germline precursor B cells. Critical unmet challenges are to determine whether bnAb precursor naive B cells bind germline-targeting immunogens and occur at sufficient frequency in humans for reliable vaccine responses. Using deep mutational scanning and multitarget optimization, we developed a germline-targeting immunogen (eOD-GT8) for diverse VRC01-class bnAbs. We then used the immunogen to isolate VRC01-class precursor naive B cells from HIV-uninfected donors. Frequencies of true VRC01-class precursors, their structures, and their eOD-GT8 affinities support this immunogen as a candidate human vaccine prime. These methods could be applied to germline targeting for other classes of HIV bnAbs and for Abs to other pathogens.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4872700/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4872700/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jardine, Joseph G -- Kulp, Daniel W -- Havenar-Daughton, Colin -- Sarkar, Anita -- Briney, Bryan -- Sok, Devin -- Sesterhenn, Fabian -- Ereno-Orbea, June -- Kalyuzhniy, Oleksandr -- Deresa, Isaiah -- Hu, Xiaozhen -- Spencer, Skye -- Jones, Meaghan -- Georgeson, Erik -- Adachi, Yumiko -- Kubitz, Michael -- deCamp, Allan C -- Julien, Jean-Philippe -- Wilson, Ian A -- Burton, Dennis R -- Crotty, Shane -- Schief, William R -- P01 AI094419/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P01 AI110657/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P41GM103393/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI084817/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- UM1 AI100663/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Mar 25;351(6280):1458-63. doi: 10.1126/science.aad9195.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. ; Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. ; IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. ; Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. ; Program in Molecular Structure and Function, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada. ; Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. ; Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Statistical Center for HIV/AIDS Research and Prevention (SCHARP), Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. ; IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Program in Molecular Structure and Function, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada. Departments of Biochemistry and Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada. ; IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. ; Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02129, USA. ; Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA. schief@scripps.edu shane@lji.org. ; Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02129, USA. schief@scripps.edu shane@lji.org.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27013733" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: AIDS Vaccines/*immunology ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/chemistry/*immunology/isolation & purification ; Antibodies, Neutralizing/chemistry/*immunology/isolation & purification ; Antibody Affinity ; B-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Cell Separation ; Combinatorial Chemistry Techniques ; Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte/chemistry/genetics/*immunology ; Germ Cells/*immunology ; HIV Antibodies/chemistry/*immunology/isolation & purification ; HIV-1/*immunology ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Peptide Library ; Precursor Cells, B-Lymphoid/*immunology ; Protein Conformation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 19
    Publication Date: 2016-01-09
    Description: The lung is constantly exposed to environmental atmospheric cues. How it senses and responds to these cues is poorly defined. Here, we show that Roundabout receptor (Robo) genes are expressed in pulmonary neuroendocrine cells (PNECs), a rare, innervated epithelial population. Robo inactivation in mouse lung results in an inability of PNECs to cluster into sensory organoids and triggers increased neuropeptide production upon exposure to air. Excess neuropeptides lead to an increase in immune infiltrates, which in turn remodel the matrix and irreversibly simplify the alveoli. We demonstrate in vivo that PNECs act as precise airway sensors that elicit immune responses via neuropeptides. These findings suggest that the PNEC and neuropeptide abnormalities documented in a wide array of pulmonary diseases may profoundly affect symptoms and progression.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Branchfield, Kelsey -- Nantie, Leah -- Verheyden, Jamie M -- Sui, Pengfei -- Wienhold, Mark D -- Sun, Xin -- 5T32AI007635/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- HL097134/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL122406/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL113870/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM007133/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Feb 12;351(6274):707-10. doi: 10.1126/science.aad7969. Epub 2016 Jan 7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Genetics, Department of Medical Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA. ; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA. ; Laboratory of Genetics, Department of Medical Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA. xsun@wisc.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26743624" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Clodronic Acid/pharmacology ; Lung/cytology/*immunology ; Lung Diseases/genetics/immunology ; Macrophages/drug effects/immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Mutant Strains ; Mutation ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics/*physiology ; Neuroendocrine Cells/*immunology/metabolism ; Neuropeptides/*biosynthesis ; Receptors, Immunologic/genetics/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 20
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2016-04-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Roberts, Leslie -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Apr 22;352(6284):403. doi: 10.1126/science.352.6284.403. Epub 2016 Apr 21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27102460" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antimalarials/pharmacology/*therapeutic use ; Artemisinins/pharmacology/*therapeutic use ; Drug Resistance/*genetics ; Humans ; Malaria, Falciparum/*drug therapy/epidemiology/*parasitology ; Mutation ; Myanmar/epidemiology ; Plasmodium falciparum/*drug effects/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 21
    Publication Date: 2016-01-30
    Description: The "cancerized field" concept posits that cancer-prone cells in a given tissue share an oncogenic mutation, but only discreet clones within the field initiate tumors. Most benign nevi carry oncogenic BRAF(V600E) mutations but rarely become melanoma. The zebrafish crestin gene is expressed embryonically in neural crest progenitors (NCPs) and specifically reexpressed in melanoma. Live imaging of transgenic zebrafish crestin reporters shows that within a cancerized field (BRAF(V600E)-mutant; p53-deficient), a single melanocyte reactivates the NCP state, revealing a fate change at melanoma initiation in this model. NCP transcription factors, including sox10, regulate crestin expression. Forced sox10 overexpression in melanocytes accelerated melanoma formation, which is consistent with activation of NCP genes and super-enhancers leading to melanoma. Our work highlights NCP state reemergence as a key event in melanoma initiation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaufman, Charles K -- Mosimann, Christian -- Fan, Zi Peng -- Yang, Song -- Thomas, Andrew J -- Ablain, Julien -- Tan, Justin L -- Fogley, Rachel D -- van Rooijen, Ellen -- Hagedorn, Elliott J -- Ciarlo, Christie -- White, Richard M -- Matos, Dominick A -- Puller, Ann-Christin -- Santoriello, Cristina -- Liao, Eric C -- Young, Richard A -- Zon, Leonard I -- HG002668/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- K08 AR061071/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA103846/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Jan 29;351(6272):aad2197. doi: 10.1126/science.aad2197. Epub 2016 Jan 28.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Stem Cell Program and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital Boston, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA. Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. ; Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland. ; Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 9 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. Computational and Systems Biology Program, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. ; Stem Cell Program and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital Boston, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA. ; Stem Cell Program and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital Boston, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA. ; Stem Cell Program and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital Boston, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. ; Stem Cell Program and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital Boston, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. ; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10075, USA. ; Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA. ; Research Institute Children's Cancer Center Hamburg and Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany. ; Stem Cell Program and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital Boston, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. ; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA. ; Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 9 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. ; Stem Cell Program and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital Boston, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA. Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. zon@enders.tch.harvard.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26823433" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Genetically Modified ; Carcinogenesis/*genetics ; Embryonic Stem Cells/metabolism ; Enhancer Elements, Genetic ; *Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; *Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Genes, Reporter ; Green Fluorescent Proteins/genetics ; Melanocytes/metabolism ; Melanoma/*genetics ; Melanoma, Experimental/*genetics ; Mutation ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics ; Neural Crest/*metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf/genetics ; SOXE Transcription Factors/genetics ; Skin Neoplasms/*genetics ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics ; *Zebrafish ; Zebrafish Proteins/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 22
    Publication Date: 2016-03-12
    Description: Type IVa pili are filamentous cell surface structures observed in many bacteria. They pull cells forward by extending, adhering to surfaces, and then retracting. We used cryo-electron tomography of intact Myxococcus xanthus cells to visualize type IVa pili and the protein machine that assembles and retracts them (the type IVa pilus machine, or T4PM) in situ, in both the piliated and nonpiliated states, at a resolution of 3 to 4 nanometers. We found that T4PM comprises an outer membrane pore, four interconnected ring structures in the periplasm and cytoplasm, a cytoplasmic disc and dome, and a periplasmic stem. By systematically imaging mutants lacking defined T4PM proteins or with individual proteins fused to tags, we mapped the locations of all 10 T4PM core components and the minor pilins, thereby providing insights into pilus assembly, structure, and function.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chang, Yi-Wei -- Rettberg, Lee A -- Treuner-Lange, Anke -- Iwasa, Janet -- Sogaard-Andersen, Lotte -- Jensen, Grant J -- R01 GM094800B/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Mar 11;351(6278):aad2001. doi: 10.1126/science.aad2001. Epub 2016 Mar 10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA. ; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA. ; Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, 35043 Marburg, Germany. ; University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA. ; California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA. jensen@caltech.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26965631" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bacterial Adhesion ; Cryoelectron Microscopy ; Fimbriae, Bacterial/genetics/*ultrastructure ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Models, Molecular ; Mutation ; Myxococcus xanthus/genetics/physiology/*ultrastructure
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 23
    Publication Date: 2016-02-24
    Description: Eukaryotic cells restrict protein synthesis under various stress conditions, by inhibiting the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B (eIF2B). eIF2B is the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for eIF2, a heterotrimeric G protein consisting of alpha-, beta- and gamma-subunits. eIF2B exchanges GDP for GTP on the gamma-subunit of eIF2 (eIF2gamma), and is inhibited by stress-induced phosphorylation of eIF2alpha. eIF2B is a heterodecameric complex of two copies each of the alpha-, beta-, gamma-, delta- and epsilon-subunits; its alpha-, beta- and delta-subunits constitute the regulatory subcomplex, while the gamma- and epsilon-subunits form the catalytic subcomplex. The three-dimensional structure of the entire eIF2B complex has not been determined. Here we present the crystal structure of Schizosaccharomyces pombe eIF2B with an unprecedented subunit arrangement, in which the alpha2beta2delta2 hexameric regulatory subcomplex binds two gammaepsilon dimeric catalytic subcomplexes on its opposite sides. A structure-based in vitro analysis by a surface-scanning site-directed photo-cross-linking method identified the eIF2alpha-binding and eIF2gamma-binding interfaces, located far apart on the regulatory and catalytic subcomplexes, respectively. The eIF2gamma-binding interface is located close to the conserved 'NF motif', which is important for nucleotide exchange. A structural model was constructed for the complex of eIF2B with phosphorylated eIF2alpha, which binds to eIF2B more strongly than the unphosphorylated form. These results indicate that the eIF2alpha phosphorylation generates the 'nonproductive' eIF2-eIF2B complex, which prevents nucleotide exchange on eIF2gamma, and thus provide a structural framework for the eIF2B-mediated mechanism of stress-induced translational control.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kashiwagi, Kazuhiro -- Takahashi, Mari -- Nishimoto, Madoka -- Hiyama, Takuya B -- Higo, Toshiaki -- Umehara, Takashi -- Sakamoto, Kensaku -- Ito, Takuhiro -- Yokoyama, Shigeyuki -- England -- Nature. 2016 Mar 3;531(7592):122-5. doi: 10.1038/nature16991. Epub 2016 Feb 22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan. ; RIKEN Systems and Structural Biology Center, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan. ; RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan. ; RIKEN Structural Biology Laboratory, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26901872" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Motifs ; Binding Sites ; Biocatalysis ; Cross-Linking Reagents/chemistry ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-2B/*chemistry/metabolism ; Guanosine Diphosphate/metabolism ; Guanosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Models, Molecular ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Binding ; Protein Biosynthesis ; Protein Structure, Quaternary ; Protein Subunits/chemistry/metabolism ; Schizosaccharomyces/*chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 24
    Publication Date: 2016-01-07
    Description: CRISPR-Cas9 nucleases are widely used for genome editing but can induce unwanted off-target mutations. Existing strategies for reducing genome-wide off-target effects of the widely used Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9 (SpCas9) are imperfect, possessing only partial or unproven efficacies and other limitations that constrain their use. Here we describe SpCas9-HF1, a high-fidelity variant harbouring alterations designed to reduce non-specific DNA contacts. SpCas9-HF1 retains on-target activities comparable to wild-type SpCas9 with 〉85% of single-guide RNAs (sgRNAs) tested in human cells. Notably, with sgRNAs targeted to standard non-repetitive sequences, SpCas9-HF1 rendered all or nearly all off-target events undetectable by genome-wide break capture and targeted sequencing methods. Even for atypical, repetitive target sites, the vast majority of off-target mutations induced by wild-type SpCas9 were not detected with SpCas9-HF1. With its exceptional precision, SpCas9-HF1 provides an alternative to wild-type SpCas9 for research and therapeutic applications. More broadly, our results suggest a general strategy for optimizing genome-wide specificities of other CRISPR-RNA-guided nucleases.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kleinstiver, Benjamin P -- Pattanayak, Vikram -- Prew, Michelle S -- Tsai, Shengdar Q -- Nguyen, Nhu T -- Zheng, Zongli -- Joung, J Keith -- DP1 GM105378/DP/NCCDPHP CDC HHS/ -- R01 GM088040/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM107427/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2016 Jan 28;529(7587):490-5. doi: 10.1038/nature16526. Epub 2016 Jan 6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Molecular Pathology Unit, Center for Cancer Research, and Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA. ; Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. ; Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26735016" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; CRISPR-Associated Proteins/*genetics/*metabolism ; CRISPR-Cas Systems/*physiology ; Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/*genetics ; DNA/genetics/metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Endonucleases/genetics/*metabolism ; *Genetic Engineering ; Genome, Human/*genetics ; Humans ; Mutation ; Protein Binding ; RNA/genetics ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Streptococcus pyogenes/enzymology/genetics ; Substrate Specificity
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 25
    Publication Date: 2016-01-07
    Description: Mechanisms that maintain cancer stem cells are crucial to tumour progression. The ID2 protein supports cancer hallmarks including the cancer stem cell state. HIFalpha transcription factors, most notably HIF2alpha (also known as EPAS1), are expressed in and required for maintenance of cancer stem cells (CSCs). However, the pathways that are engaged by ID2 or drive HIF2alpha accumulation in CSCs have remained unclear. Here we report that DYRK1A and DYRK1B kinases phosphorylate ID2 on threonine 27 (Thr27). Hypoxia downregulates this phosphorylation via inactivation of DYRK1A and DYRK1B. The activity of these kinases is stimulated in normoxia by the oxygen-sensing prolyl hydroxylase PHD1 (also known as EGLN2). ID2 binds to the VHL ubiquitin ligase complex, displaces VHL-associated Cullin 2, and impairs HIF2alpha ubiquitylation and degradation. Phosphorylation of Thr27 of ID2 by DYRK1 blocks ID2-VHL interaction and preserves HIF2alpha ubiquitylation. In glioblastoma, ID2 positively modulates HIF2alpha activity. Conversely, elevated expression of DYRK1 phosphorylates Thr27 of ID2, leading to HIF2alpha destabilization, loss of glioma stemness, inhibition of tumour growth, and a more favourable outcome for patients with glioblastoma.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lee, Sang Bae -- Frattini, Veronique -- Bansal, Mukesh -- Castano, Angelica M -- Sherman, Dan -- Hutchinson, Keino -- Bruce, Jeffrey N -- Califano, Andrea -- Liu, Guangchao -- Cardozo, Timothy -- Iavarone, Antonio -- Lasorella, Anna -- R01CA101644/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01CA131126/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01CA178546/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01NS061776/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2016 Jan 14;529(7585):172-7. doi: 10.1038/nature16475. Epub 2016 Jan 6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York 10032, USA. ; Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York 10032, USA. ; Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York 10032, USA. ; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU School of Medicine, New York 10014, USA. ; Department of Neurosurgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York 10032, USA. ; Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York 10032, USA. ; Department of Pathology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York 10032, USA. ; Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York 10032, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26735018" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Cell Hypoxia ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cullin Proteins/metabolism ; Glioblastoma/*metabolism/*pathology ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-Proline Dioxygenases/metabolism ; Inhibitor of Differentiation Protein 2/*metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Neoplastic Stem Cells/*metabolism/pathology ; Oxygen/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Phosphothreonine/metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Ubiquitination ; Von Hippel-Lindau Tumor Suppressor Protein/*antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 26
    Publication Date: 2016-01-21
    Description: Regulatory T (Treg) cells expressing the transcription factor Foxp3 have a pivotal role in maintaining immunological self-tolerance; yet, excessive Treg cell activities suppress anti-tumour immune responses. Compared to the resting Treg (rTreg) cell phenotype in secondary lymphoid organs, Treg cells in non-lymphoid tissues exhibit an activated Treg (aTreg) cell phenotype. However, the function of aTreg cells and whether their generation can be manipulated are largely unexplored. Here we show that the transcription factor Foxo1, previously demonstrated to promote Treg cell suppression of lymphoproliferative diseases, has an unexpected function in inhibiting aTreg-cell-mediated immune tolerance in mice. We find that aTreg cells turned over at a slower rate than rTreg cells, but were not locally maintained in tissues. aTreg cell differentiation was associated with repression of Foxo1-dependent gene transcription, concomitant with reduced Foxo1 expression, cytoplasmic localization and enhanced phosphorylation at the Akt sites. Treg-cell-specific expression of an Akt-insensitive Foxo1 mutant prevented downregulation of lymphoid organ homing molecules, and impeded Treg cell homing to non-lymphoid organs, causing CD8(+) T-cell-mediated autoimmune diseases. Compared to Treg cells from healthy tissues, tumour-infiltrating Treg cells downregulated Foxo1 target genes more substantially. Expression of the Foxo1 mutant at a lower dose was sufficient to deplete tumour-associated Treg cells, activate effector CD8(+) T cells, and inhibit tumour growth without inflicting autoimmunity. Thus, Foxo1 inactivation is essential for the migration of aTreg cells that have a crucial function in suppressing CD8(+) T-cell responses; and the Foxo signalling pathway in Treg cells can be titrated to break tumour immune tolerance preferentially.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Luo, Chong T -- Liao, Will -- Dadi, Saida -- Toure, Ahmed -- Li, Ming O -- P30 CA008748/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI102888-01A1/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2016 Jan 28;529(7587):532-6. doi: 10.1038/nature16486. Epub 2016 Jan 20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA. ; Louis V. Gerstner Jr Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA. ; New York Genome Center, New York, New York 10013, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26789248" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Autoimmunity/*immunology ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Movement/immunology ; Down-Regulation ; Female ; Forkhead Transcription Factors/biosynthesis/genetics/*metabolism ; Immune Tolerance/*immunology ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/cytology/immunology/metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mutation ; Neoplasms/*immunology ; Phosphorylation ; Signal Transduction/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/cytology/*immunology/*metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 27
    Publication Date: 2016-03-11
    Description: Directional control of tip-growing cells is essential for proper tissue organization and cell-to-cell communication in animals and plants. In the sexual reproduction of flowering plants, the tip growth of the male gametophyte, the pollen tube, is precisely guided by female cues to achieve fertilization. Several female-secreted peptides have recently been identified as species-specific attractants that directly control the direction of pollen tube growth. However, the method by which pollen tubes precisely and promptly respond to the guidance signal from their own species is unknown. Here we show that tip-localized pollen-specific receptor-like kinase 6 (PRK6) with an extracellular leucine-rich repeat domain is an essential receptor for sensing of the LURE1 attractant peptide in Arabidopsis thaliana under semi-in-vivo conditions, and is important for ovule targeting in the pistil. PRK6 interacted with pollen-expressed ROPGEFs (Rho of plant guanine nucleotide-exchange factors), which are important for pollen tube growth through activation of the signalling switch Rho GTPase ROP1 (refs 7, 8). PRK6 conferred responsiveness to AtLURE1 in pollen tubes of the related species Capsella rubella. Furthermore, our genetic and physiological data suggest that PRK6 signalling through ROPGEFs and sensing of AtLURE1 are achieved in cooperation with the other PRK family receptors, PRK1, PRK3 and PRK8. Notably, the tip-focused PRK6 accumulated asymmetrically towards an external AtLURE1 source before reorientation of pollen tube tip growth. These results demonstrate that PRK6 acts as a key membrane receptor for external AtLURE1 attractants, and recruits the core tip-growth machinery, including ROP signalling proteins. This work provides insights into the orchestration of efficient pollen tube growth and species-specific pollen tube attraction by multiple receptors during male-female communication.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Takeuchi, Hidenori -- Higashiyama, Tetsuya -- England -- Nature. 2016 Mar 10;531(7593):245-8. doi: 10.1038/nature17413.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan. ; JST ERATO Higashiyama Live-Holonics Project, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan. ; 3Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26961657" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arabidopsis/genetics/*metabolism/physiology ; Arabidopsis Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Capsella/genetics/metabolism/physiology ; GTP-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Mutation ; Ovule/metabolism ; Phenotype ; Phosphotransferases/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Pollen Tube/genetics/*growth & development/*metabolism ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics/metabolism ; Receptors, Cell Surface/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Reproduction ; *Signal Transduction ; Species Specificity
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 28
    Publication Date: 2016-03-11
    Description: Two-pore channels (TPCs) comprise a subfamily (TPC1-3) of eukaryotic voltage- and ligand-gated cation channels with two non-equivalent tandem pore-forming subunits that dimerize to form quasi-tetramers. Found in vacuolar or endolysosomal membranes, they regulate the conductance of sodium and calcium ions, intravesicular pH, trafficking and excitability. TPCs are activated by a decrease in transmembrane potential and an increase in cytosolic calcium concentrations, are inhibited by low luminal pH and calcium, and are regulated by phosphorylation. Here we report the crystal structure of TPC1 from Arabidopsis thaliana at 2.87 A resolution as a basis for understanding ion permeation, channel activation, the location of voltage-sensing domains and regulatory ion-binding sites. We determined sites of phosphorylation in the amino-terminal and carboxy-terminal domains that are positioned to allosterically modulate cytoplasmic Ca(2+) activation. One of the two voltage-sensing domains (VSD2) encodes voltage sensitivity and inhibition by luminal Ca(2+) and adopts a conformation distinct from the activated state observed in structures of other voltage-gated ion channels. The structure shows that potent pharmacophore trans-Ned-19 (ref. 17) acts allosterically by clamping the pore domains to VSD2. In animals, Ned-19 prevents infection by Ebola virus and other filoviruses, presumably by altering their fusion with the endolysosome and delivery of their contents into the cytoplasm.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4863712/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4863712/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kintzer, Alexander F -- Stroud, Robert M -- GM24485/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P41-GM103311/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P41-RR001614/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- P41GM103393/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R37 GM024485/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2016 Mar 10;531(7593):258-62. doi: 10.1038/nature17194.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, California 94158, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26961658" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Allosteric Regulation/drug effects ; Arabidopsis/*chemistry ; Arabidopsis Proteins/*antagonists & inhibitors/*chemistry/metabolism ; Binding Sites ; Calcium/metabolism/pharmacology ; Calcium Channels/*chemistry/metabolism ; Carbolines/metabolism/pharmacology ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Ebolavirus/drug effects ; Endosomes/drug effects/metabolism/virology ; *Ion Channel Gating/drug effects ; Ion Transport/drug effects ; Models, Molecular ; Phosphorylation ; Piperazines/metabolism/pharmacology ; Protein Structure, Tertiary/drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 29
    Publication Date: 2016-02-11
    Description: Sexual reproduction requires recognition between the male and female gametes. In flowering plants, the immobile sperms are delivered to the ovule-enclosed female gametophyte by guided pollen tube growth. Although the female gametophyte-secreted peptides have been identified to be the chemotactic attractant to the pollen tube, the male receptor(s) is still unknown. Here we identify a cell-surface receptor heteromer, MDIS1-MIK, on the pollen tube that perceives female attractant LURE1 in Arabidopsis thaliana. MDIS1, MIK1 and MIK2 are plasma-membrane-localized receptor-like kinases with extracellular leucine-rich repeats and an intracellular kinase domain. LURE1 specifically binds the extracellular domains of MDIS1, MIK1 and MIK2, whereas mdis1 and mik1 mik2 mutant pollen tubes respond less sensitively to LURE1. Furthermore, LURE1 triggers dimerization of the receptors and activates the kinase activity of MIK1. Importantly, transformation of AtMDIS1 to the sister species Capsella rubella can partially break down the reproductive isolation barrier. Our findings reveal a new mechanism of the male perception of the female attracting signals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wang, Tong -- Liang, Liang -- Xue, Yong -- Jia, Peng-Fei -- Chen, Wei -- Zhang, Meng-Xia -- Wang, Ying-Chun -- Li, Hong-Ju -- Yang, Wei-Cai -- England -- Nature. 2016 Mar 10;531(7593):241-4. doi: 10.1038/nature16975. Epub 2016 Feb 10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉State Key Laboratory of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China. ; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26863186" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arabidopsis/genetics/*metabolism/physiology ; Arabidopsis Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Capsella/genetics/metabolism/physiology ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Mutation ; Ovule/metabolism ; Phenotype ; Phosphotransferases/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Pollen Tube/genetics/growth & development/metabolism ; Protein Kinases/genetics/metabolism ; Protein Multimerization ; Protein Structure, Quaternary ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Receptors, Cell Surface/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Reproduction ; *Signal Transduction
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 30
    Publication Date: 2016-03-31
    Description: Accurate chromosome segregation requires timely dissolution of chromosome cohesion after chromosomes are properly attached to the mitotic spindle. Separase is absolutely essential for cohesion dissolution in organisms from yeast to man. It cleaves the kleisin subunit of cohesin and opens the cohesin ring to allow chromosome segregation. Cohesin cleavage is spatiotemporally controlled by separase-associated regulatory proteins, including the inhibitory chaperone securin, and by phosphorylation of both the enzyme and substrates. Dysregulation of this process causes chromosome missegregation and aneuploidy, contributing to cancer and birth defects. Despite its essential functions, atomic structures of separase have not been determined. Here we report crystal structures of the separase protease domain from the thermophilic fungus Chaetomium thermophilum, alone or covalently bound to unphosphorylated and phosphorylated inhibitory peptides derived from a cohesin cleavage site. These structures reveal how separase recognizes cohesin and how cohesin phosphorylation by polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) enhances cleavage. Consistent with a previous cellular study, mutating two securin residues in a conserved motif that partly matches the separase cleavage consensus converts securin from a separase inhibitor to a substrate. Our study establishes atomic mechanisms of substrate cleavage by separase and suggests competitive inhibition by securin.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4847710/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4847710/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lin, Zhonghui -- Luo, Xuelian -- Yu, Hongtao -- GM107415/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2016 Apr 7;532(7597):131-4. doi: 10.1038/nature17402. Epub 2016 Mar 30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6001 Forest Park Road, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA. ; Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6001 Forest Park Road, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA. ; Department of Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6001 Forest Park Road, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27027290" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Binding, Competitive/drug effects ; Cell Cycle Proteins/chemistry/*metabolism ; Chaetomium/*enzymology ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/chemistry/*metabolism ; Chromosome Segregation ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Models, Molecular ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism ; Proteolysis ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/metabolism ; Securin/chemistry/genetics/metabolism/pharmacology ; Separase/antagonists & inhibitors/*chemistry/*metabolism ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Substrate Specificity/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 31
    Publication Date: 2015-12-10
    Description: Epithelial regeneration is critical for barrier maintenance and organ function after intestinal injury. The intestinal stem cell (ISC) niche provides Wnt, Notch and epidermal growth factor (EGF) signals supporting Lgr5(+) crypt base columnar ISCs for normal epithelial maintenance. However, little is known about the regulation of the ISC compartment after tissue damage. Using ex vivo organoid cultures, here we show that innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), potent producers of interleukin-22 (IL-22) after intestinal injury, increase the growth of mouse small intestine organoids in an IL-22-dependent fashion. Recombinant IL-22 directly targeted ISCs, augmenting the growth of both mouse and human intestinal organoids, increasing proliferation and promoting ISC expansion. IL-22 induced STAT3 phosphorylation in Lgr5(+) ISCs, and STAT3 was crucial for both organoid formation and IL-22-mediated regeneration. Treatment with IL-22 in vivo after mouse allogeneic bone marrow transplantation enhanced the recovery of ISCs, increased epithelial regeneration and reduced intestinal pathology and mortality from graft-versus-host disease. ATOH1-deficient organoid culture demonstrated that IL-22 induced epithelial regeneration independently of the Paneth cell niche. Our findings reveal a fundamental mechanism by which the immune system is able to support the intestinal epithelium, activating ISCs to promote regeneration.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4720437/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4720437/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lindemans, Caroline A -- Calafiore, Marco -- Mertelsmann, Anna M -- O'Connor, Margaret H -- Dudakov, Jarrod A -- Jenq, Robert R -- Velardi, Enrico -- Young, Lauren F -- Smith, Odette M -- Lawrence, Gillian -- Ivanov, Juliet A -- Fu, Ya-Yuan -- Takashima, Shuichiro -- Hua, Guoqiang -- Martin, Maria L -- O'Rourke, Kevin P -- Lo, Yuan-Hung -- Mokry, Michal -- Romera-Hernandez, Monica -- Cupedo, Tom -- Dow, Lukas E -- Nieuwenhuis, Edward E -- Shroyer, Noah F -- Liu, Chen -- Kolesnick, Richard -- van den Brink, Marcel R M -- Hanash, Alan M -- HHSN272200900059C/PHS HHS/ -- K08 HL115355/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- K08-HL115355/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- K99 CA176376/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- K99-CA176376/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P01 CA023766/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P01-CA023766/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P30 CA008748/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P30-CA008748/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI080455/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI100288/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI101406/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL069929/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL125571/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01-AI080455/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01-AI100288/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01-AI101406/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01-HL069929/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01-HL125571/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- U19 AI116497/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2015 Dec 24;528(7583):560-4. doi: 10.1038/nature16460. Epub 2015 Dec 9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA. ; Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 AB Utrecht, The Netherlands. ; Department of Immunology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA. ; Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Australia. ; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10021, USA. ; Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA. ; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA. ; Department of Cancer Biology &Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA. ; Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA. ; Department of Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands. ; Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida 32610, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26649819" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Epithelial Cells/*cytology/immunology/pathology ; Female ; Graft vs Host Disease/pathology ; Humans ; Immunity, Mucosal ; Interleukins/deficiency/*immunology ; Intestinal Mucosa/*cytology/immunology/pathology ; Intestine, Small/*cytology/immunology/pathology ; Mice ; Organoids/cytology/growth & development/immunology ; Paneth Cells/cytology ; Phosphorylation ; *Regeneration ; STAT3 Transcription Factor/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Stem Cell Niche ; Stem Cells/*cytology/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 32
    Publication Date: 2015-03-25
    Description: Cell migration is a stepwise process that coordinates multiple molecular machineries. Using in vitro angiogenesis screens with short interfering RNA and chemical inhibitors, we define here a MAP4K4-moesin-talin-beta1-integrin molecular pathway that promotes efficient plasma membrane retraction during endothelial cell migration. Loss of MAP4K4 decreased membrane dynamics, slowed endothelial cell migration, and impaired angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. In migrating endothelial cells, MAP4K4 phosphorylates moesin in retracting membranes at sites of focal adhesion disassembly. Epistasis analyses indicated that moesin functions downstream of MAP4K4 to inactivate integrin by competing with talin for binding to beta1-integrin intracellular domain. Consequently, loss of moesin (encoded by the MSN gene) or MAP4K4 reduced adhesion disassembly rate in endothelial cells. Additionally, alpha5beta1-integrin blockade reversed the membrane retraction defects associated with loss of Map4k4 in vitro and in vivo. Our study uncovers a novel aspect of endothelial cell migration. Finally, loss of MAP4K4 function suppressed pathological angiogenesis in disease models, identifying MAP4K4 as a potential therapeutic target.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vitorino, Philip -- Yeung, Stacey -- Crow, Ailey -- Bakke, Jesse -- Smyczek, Tanya -- West, Kristina -- McNamara, Erin -- Eastham-Anderson, Jeffrey -- Gould, Stephen -- Harris, Seth F -- Ndubaku, Chudi -- Ye, Weilan -- England -- Nature. 2015 Mar 26;519(7544):425-30. doi: 10.1038/nature14323. Epub 2015 Mar 18.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Molecular Biology Department, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080, USA. ; Chemical Biology and Therapeutics Department, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA. ; Translational Oncology Department, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080, USA. ; Pathology Department, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080, USA. ; Structural Biology Department, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080, USA. ; Discovery Chemistry Department, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25799996" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Motifs ; Animals ; Antigens, CD29/chemistry/drug effects/metabolism ; Cell Membrane/drug effects/metabolism ; *Cell Movement ; Cell Shape/drug effects ; Endothelial Cells/*cytology/drug effects/*metabolism ; Epistasis, Genetic ; Focal Adhesions/metabolism ; Humans ; Integrin alpha1/drug effects/metabolism ; Integrins/drug effects/*metabolism ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/antagonists & ; inhibitors/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Microfilament Proteins/deficiency/genetics/metabolism ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Binding ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/antagonists & ; inhibitors/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Talin/chemistry/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 33
    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: Eukaryotic cells initiate DNA replication from multiple origins, which must be tightly regulated to promote precise genome duplication in every cell cycle. To accomplish this, initiation is partitioned into two temporally discrete steps: a double hexameric minichromosome maintenance (MCM) complex is first loaded at replication origins during G1 phase, and then converted to the active CMG (Cdc45-MCM-GINS) helicase during S phase. Here we describe the reconstitution of budding yeast DNA replication initiation with 16 purified replication factors, made from 42 polypeptides. Origin-dependent initiation recapitulates regulation seen in vivo. Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibits MCM loading by phosphorylating the origin recognition complex (ORC) and promotes CMG formation by phosphorylating Sld2 and Sld3. Dbf4-dependent kinase (DDK) promotes replication by phosphorylating MCM, and can act either before or after CDK. These experiments define the minimum complement of proteins, protein kinase substrates and co-factors required for regulated eukaryotic DNA replication.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yeeles, Joseph T P -- Deegan, Tom D -- Janska, Agnieszka -- Early, Anne -- Diffley, John F X -- Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom -- England -- Nature. 2015 Mar 26;519(7544):431-5. doi: 10.1038/nature14285. Epub 2015 Mar 4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, Clare Hall Laboratories, South Mimms EN6 3LD, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25739503" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinases/metabolism ; *DNA Replication ; DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/metabolism ; Minichromosome Maintenance Proteins/metabolism ; Multienzyme Complexes/metabolism ; Multiprotein Complexes/chemistry/metabolism ; Nuclear Proteins/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism ; Replication Origin/genetics/*physiology ; Replication Protein A/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/enzymology/*genetics/*metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/*isolation & purification/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 34
    Publication Date: 2015-07-07
    Description: Abnormal accumulation of triglycerides in the liver, caused in part by increased de novo lipogenesis, results in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and insulin resistance. Sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1), an important transcriptional regulator of lipogenesis, is synthesized as an inactive precursor that binds to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In response to insulin signalling, SREBP1 is transported from the ER to the Golgi in a COPII-dependent manner, processed by proteases in the Golgi, and then shuttled to the nucleus to induce lipogenic gene expression; however, the mechanisms underlying enhanced SREBP1 activity in insulin-resistant obesity and diabetes remain unclear. Here we show in mice that CREB regulated transcription coactivator 2 (CRTC2) functions as a mediator of mTOR signalling to modulate COPII-dependent SREBP1 processing. CRTC2 competes with Sec23A, a subunit of the COPII complex, to interact with Sec31A, another COPII subunit, thus disrupting SREBP1 transport. During feeding, mTOR phosphorylates CRTC2 and attenuates its inhibitory effect on COPII-dependent SREBP1 maturation. As hepatic overexpression of an mTOR-defective CRTC2 mutant in obese mice improved the lipogenic program and insulin sensitivity, these results demonstrate how the transcriptional coactivator CRTC2 regulates mTOR-mediated lipid homeostasis in the fed state and in obesity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Han, Jinbo -- Li, Erwei -- Chen, Liqun -- Zhang, Yuanyuan -- Wei, Fangchao -- Liu, Jieyuan -- Deng, Haiteng -- Wang, Yiguo -- England -- Nature. 2015 Aug 13;524(7564):243-6. doi: 10.1038/nature14557. Epub 2015 Jul 6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. ; Proteomics Facility, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26147081" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Binding, Competitive ; COP-Coated Vesicles/chemistry/metabolism ; Homeostasis ; Insulin Resistance ; *Lipid Metabolism ; Lipogenesis ; Liver/*metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Obese ; Obesity/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational ; Protein Transport ; Signal Transduction ; Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1/*metabolism ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism ; Transcription Factors/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Vesicular Transport Proteins/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 35
    Publication Date: 2015-08-19
    Description: Dysfunction of the intramembrane protease gamma-secretase is thought to cause Alzheimer's disease, with most mutations derived from Alzheimer's disease mapping to the catalytic subunit presenilin 1 (PS1). Here we report an atomic structure of human gamma-secretase at 3.4 A resolution, determined by single-particle cryo-electron microscopy. Mutations derived from Alzheimer's disease affect residues at two hotspots in PS1, each located at the centre of a distinct four transmembrane segment (TM) bundle. TM2 and, to a lesser extent, TM6 exhibit considerable flexibility, yielding a plastic active site and adaptable surrounding elements. The active site of PS1 is accessible from the convex side of the TM horseshoe, suggesting considerable conformational changes in nicastrin extracellular domain after substrate recruitment. Component protein APH-1 serves as a scaffold, anchoring the lone transmembrane helix from nicastrin and supporting the flexible conformation of PS1. Ordered phospholipids stabilize the complex inside the membrane. Our structure serves as a molecular basis for mechanistic understanding of gamma-secretase function.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4568306/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4568306/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bai, Xiao-chen -- Yan, Chuangye -- Yang, Guanghui -- Lu, Peilong -- Ma, Dan -- Sun, Linfeng -- Zhou, Rui -- Scheres, Sjors H W -- Shi, Yigong -- MC_UP_A025_101/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- MC_UP_A025_1013/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- England -- Nature. 2015 Sep 10;525(7568):212-7. doi: 10.1038/nature14892. Epub 2015 Aug 17.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK. ; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Science, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26280335" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alzheimer Disease/genetics ; Amyloid Precursor Protein ; Secretases/*chemistry/genetics/metabolism/*ultrastructure ; Binding Sites ; *Cryoelectron Microscopy ; Humans ; Membrane Glycoproteins/*chemistry/metabolism/*ultrastructure ; Models, Molecular ; Mutation ; Presenilin-1/*chemistry/genetics/*ultrastructure ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Protein Subunits/chemistry/genetics/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 36
    Publication Date: 2015-12-10
    Description: Inactivation of the TNFAIP3 gene, encoding the A20 protein, is associated with critical inflammatory diseases including multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease. However, the role of A20 in attenuating inflammatory signalling is unclear owing to paradoxical in vitro and in vivo findings. Here we utilize genetically engineered mice bearing mutations in the A20 ovarian tumour (OTU)-type deubiquitinase domain or in the zinc finger-4 (ZnF4) ubiquitin-binding motif to investigate these discrepancies. We find that phosphorylation of A20 promotes cleavage of Lys63-linked polyubiquitin chains by the OTU domain and enhances ZnF4-mediated substrate ubiquitination. Additionally, levels of linear ubiquitination dictate whether A20-deficient cells die in response to tumour necrosis factor. Mechanistically, linear ubiquitin chains preserve the architecture of the TNFR1 signalling complex by blocking A20-mediated disassembly of Lys63-linked polyubiquitin scaffolds. Collectively, our studies reveal molecular mechanisms whereby A20 deubiquitinase activity and ubiquitin binding, linear ubiquitination, and cellular kinases cooperate to regulate inflammation and cell death.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wertz, Ingrid E -- Newton, Kim -- Seshasayee, Dhaya -- Kusam, Saritha -- Lam, Cynthia -- Zhang, Juan -- Popovych, Nataliya -- Helgason, Elizabeth -- Schoeffler, Allyn -- Jeet, Surinder -- Ramamoorthi, Nandhini -- Kategaya, Lorna -- Newman, Robert J -- Horikawa, Keisuke -- Dugger, Debra -- Sandoval, Wendy -- Mukund, Susmith -- Zindal, Anuradha -- Martin, Flavius -- Quan, Clifford -- Tom, Jeffrey -- Fairbrother, Wayne J -- Townsend, Michael -- Warming, Soren -- DeVoss, Jason -- Liu, Jinfeng -- Dueber, Erin -- Caplazi, Patrick -- Lee, Wyne P -- Goodnow, Christopher C -- Balazs, Mercedesz -- Yu, Kebing -- Kolumam, Ganesh -- Dixit, Vishva M -- England -- Nature. 2015 Dec 17;528(7582):370-5. doi: 10.1038/nature16165. Epub 2015 Dec 9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Discovery Oncology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA. ; Early Discovery Biochemistry, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA. ; Physiological Chemistry, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA. ; Immunology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA. ; Molecular Biology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA. ; Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia. ; Protein Chemistry, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA. ; Structural Biology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA. ; Bioinformatics, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA. ; Pathology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA. ; Immunogenomics Laboratory, Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Sydney, Australia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26649818" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Death ; Cysteine Endopeptidases/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Female ; Inflammation/genetics/*metabolism/pathology ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Lysine/metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mutation ; Phosphorylation ; Polyubiquitin/chemistry/metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism ; Ubiquitin/*chemistry/*metabolism ; Ubiquitination
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 37
    Publication Date: 2015-11-03
    Description: Ever since Stephen Paget's 1889 hypothesis, metastatic organotropism has remained one of cancer's greatest mysteries. Here we demonstrate that exosomes from mouse and human lung-, liver- and brain-tropic tumour cells fuse preferentially with resident cells at their predicted destination, namely lung fibroblasts and epithelial cells, liver Kupffer cells and brain endothelial cells. We show that tumour-derived exosomes uptaken by organ-specific cells prepare the pre-metastatic niche. Treatment with exosomes from lung-tropic models redirected the metastasis of bone-tropic tumour cells. Exosome proteomics revealed distinct integrin expression patterns, in which the exosomal integrins alpha6beta4 and alpha6beta1 were associated with lung metastasis, while exosomal integrin alphavbeta5 was linked to liver metastasis. Targeting the integrins alpha6beta4 and alphavbeta5 decreased exosome uptake, as well as lung and liver metastasis, respectively. We demonstrate that exosome integrin uptake by resident cells activates Src phosphorylation and pro-inflammatory S100 gene expression. Finally, our clinical data indicate that exosomal integrins could be used to predict organ-specific metastasis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hoshino, Ayuko -- Costa-Silva, Bruno -- Shen, Tang-Long -- Rodrigues, Goncalo -- Hashimoto, Ayako -- Tesic Mark, Milica -- Molina, Henrik -- Kohsaka, Shinji -- Di Giannatale, Angela -- Ceder, Sophia -- Singh, Swarnima -- Williams, Caitlin -- Soplop, Nadine -- Uryu, Kunihiro -- Pharmer, Lindsay -- King, Tari -- Bojmar, Linda -- Davies, Alexander E -- Ararso, Yonathan -- Zhang, Tuo -- Zhang, Haiying -- Hernandez, Jonathan -- Weiss, Joshua M -- Dumont-Cole, Vanessa D -- Kramer, Kimberly -- Wexler, Leonard H -- Narendran, Aru -- Schwartz, Gary K -- Healey, John H -- Sandstrom, Per -- Labori, Knut Jorgen -- Kure, Elin H -- Grandgenett, Paul M -- Hollingsworth, Michael A -- de Sousa, Maria -- Kaur, Sukhwinder -- Jain, Maneesh -- Mallya, Kavita -- Batra, Surinder K -- Jarnagin, William R -- Brady, Mary S -- Fodstad, Oystein -- Muller, Volkmar -- Pantel, Klaus -- Minn, Andy J -- Bissell, Mina J -- Garcia, Benjamin A -- Kang, Yibin -- Rajasekhar, Vinagolu K -- Ghajar, Cyrus M -- Matei, Irina -- Peinado, Hector -- Bromberg, Jacqueline -- Lyden, David -- R01 CA169416/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01-CA169416/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- U01 CA169538/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- U01-CA169538/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2015 Nov 19;527(7578):329-35. doi: 10.1038/nature15756. Epub 2015 Oct 28.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10021, USA. ; Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology and Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. ; Graduate Program in Areas of Basic and Applied Biology, Abel Salazar Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of Porto, 4099-003 Porto, Portugal. ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan. ; Proteomics Resource Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA. ; Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA. ; Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden. ; Electron Microscopy Resource Center (EMRC), Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA. ; Breast Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, 10065, USA. ; Department of Surgery, County Council of Ostergotland, and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linkoping University, 58185 Linkoping, Sweden. ; Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. ; Genomics Resources Core Facility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10021, USA. ; Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA. ; Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA. ; Division of Pediatric Oncology, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Alberta T3B 6A8, Canada. ; Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10032, USA. ; Orthopaedic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA. ; Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Nydalen, Oslo 0424, Norway. ; Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Nydalen, Oslo 0424, Norway. ; Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, USA. ; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, USA. ; Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA. ; Department of Tumor Biology, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Nydalen, Oslo 0424, Norway. ; Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Blindern, Oslo 0318, Norway. ; Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany. ; Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany. ; Department of Radiation Oncology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA. ; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA. ; Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA. ; Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, USA. ; Breast Medicine Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA. ; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA. ; Microenvironment and Metastasis Laboratory, Department of Molecular Oncology, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid 28029, Spain. ; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA. ; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10021, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26524530" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biomarkers/metabolism ; Brain/cytology/*metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Endothelial Cells/cytology/metabolism ; Epithelial Cells/cytology/metabolism ; Exosomes/*metabolism ; Female ; Fibroblasts/cytology/metabolism ; Genes, src ; Humans ; Integrin alpha6beta1/metabolism ; Integrin alpha6beta4/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Integrin beta Chains/metabolism ; Integrin beta4/metabolism ; Integrins/antagonists & inhibitors/*metabolism ; Kupffer Cells/cytology/metabolism ; Liver/cytology/*metabolism ; Lung/cytology/*metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Neoplasm Metastasis/*pathology/*prevention & control ; Organ Specificity ; Phosphorylation ; Receptors, Vitronectin/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; S100 Proteins/genetics ; *Tropism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 38
    Publication Date: 2015-06-18
    Description: Synapse formation is a process tightly controlled in space and time. How gene regulatory mechanisms specify spatial and temporal aspects of synapse formation is not well understood. In the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, two subtypes of the D-type inhibitory motor neuron (MN) classes, the dorsal D (DD) and ventral D (VD) neurons, extend axons along both the dorsal and ventral nerve cords. The embryonically generated DD motor neurons initially innervate ventral muscles in the first (L1) larval stage and receive their synaptic input from cholinergic motor neurons in the dorsal cord. They rewire by the end of the L1 moult to innervate dorsal muscles and to be innervated by newly formed ventral cholinergic motor neurons. VD motor neurons develop after the L1 moult; they take over the innervation of ventral muscles and receive their synaptic input from dorsal cholinergic motor neurons. We show here that the spatiotemporal control of synaptic wiring of the D-type neurons is controlled by an intersectional transcriptional strategy in which the UNC-30 Pitx-type homeodomain transcription factor acts together, in embryonic and early larval stages, with the temporally controlled LIN-14 transcription factor to prevent premature synapse rewiring of the DD motor neurons and, together with the UNC-55 nuclear hormone receptor, to prevent aberrant VD synaptic wiring in later larval and adult stages. A key effector of this intersectional transcription factor combination is a novel synaptic organizer molecule, the single immunoglobulin domain protein OIG-1. OIG-1 is perisynaptically localized along the synaptic outputs of the D-type motor neurons in a temporally controlled manner and is required for appropriate selection of both pre- and post-synaptic partners.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Howell, Kelly -- White, John G -- Hobert, Oliver -- R01 NS039996/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS050266/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01NS039996-05/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01NS050266-03/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- England -- Nature. 2015 Jul 2;523(7558):83-7. doi: 10.1038/nature14545. Epub 2015 Jun 17.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, USA. ; MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 2QH, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26083757" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Caenorhabditis elegans/embryology/genetics/growth & development/*physiology ; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Homeodomain Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Motor Neurons/*physiology ; Mutation ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Nuclear Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism ; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/metabolism ; Synapses/genetics/pathology/physiology ; Transcription Factors/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 39
    Publication Date: 2015-01-09
    Description: Functional regeneration after nervous system injury requires transected axons to reconnect with their original target tissue. Axonal fusion, a spontaneous regenerative mechanism identified in several species, provides an efficient means of achieving target reconnection as a regrowing axon is able to contact and fuse with its own separated axon fragment, thereby re-establishing the original axonal tract. Here we report a molecular characterization of this process in Caenorhabditis elegans, revealing dynamic changes in the subcellular localization of the EFF-1 fusogen after axotomy, and establishing phosphatidylserine (PS) and the PS receptor (PSR-1) as critical components for axonal fusion. PSR-1 functions cell-autonomously in the regrowing neuron and, instead of acting in its canonical signalling pathway, acts in a parallel phagocytic pathway that includes the transthyretin protein TTR-52, as well as CED-7, NRF-5 and CED-6 (refs 9, 10, 11, 12). We show that TTR-52 binds to PS exposed on the injured axon, and can restore fusion several hours after injury. We propose that PS functions as a 'save-me' signal for the distal fragment, allowing conserved apoptotic cell clearance molecules to function in re-establishing axonal integrity during regeneration of the nervous system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Neumann, Brent -- Coakley, Sean -- Giordano-Santini, Rosina -- Linton, Casey -- Lee, Eui Seung -- Nakagawa, Akihisa -- Xue, Ding -- Hilliard, Massimo A -- GM059083/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM079097/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM088241/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P40 OD010440/OD/NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS060129/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2015 Jan 8;517(7533):219-22. doi: 10.1038/nature14102.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉CJCADR, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane QLD 4072, Australia. ; Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25567286" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters/metabolism ; Animals ; Apoptosis/*physiology ; Axons/*metabolism/pathology ; Caenorhabditis elegans/*cytology/*metabolism ; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Carrier Proteins/metabolism ; Growth Cones/metabolism ; Membrane Glycoproteins/*metabolism ; Mutation ; Nerve Regeneration/*physiology ; Phagocytes/metabolism ; Phagocytosis ; Phosphatidylserines/metabolism ; Phosphoproteins/metabolism ; Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Spectrin/genetics/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 40
    Publication Date: 2015-11-13
    Description: Cancer cells hijack and remodel existing metabolic pathways for their benefit. Argininosuccinate synthase (ASS1) is a urea cycle enzyme that is essential in the conversion of nitrogen from ammonia and aspartate to urea. A decrease in nitrogen flux through ASS1 in the liver causes the urea cycle disorder citrullinaemia. In contrast to the well-studied consequences of loss of ASS1 activity on ureagenesis, the purpose of its somatic silencing in multiple cancers is largely unknown. Here we show that decreased activity of ASS1 in cancers supports proliferation by facilitating pyrimidine synthesis via CAD (carbamoyl-phosphate synthase 2, aspartate transcarbamylase, and dihydroorotase complex) activation. Our studies were initiated by delineating the consequences of loss of ASS1 activity in humans with two types of citrullinaemia. We find that in citrullinaemia type I (CTLN I), which is caused by deficiency of ASS1, there is increased pyrimidine synthesis and proliferation compared with citrullinaemia type II (CTLN II), in which there is decreased substrate availability for ASS1 caused by deficiency of the aspartate transporter citrin. Building on these results, we demonstrate that ASS1 deficiency in cancer increases cytosolic aspartate levels, which increases CAD activation by upregulating its substrate availability and by increasing its phosphorylation by S6K1 through the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. Decreasing CAD activity by blocking citrin, the mTOR signalling, or pyrimidine synthesis decreases proliferation and thus may serve as a therapeutic strategy in multiple cancers where ASS1 is downregulated. Our results demonstrate that ASS1 downregulation is a novel mechanism supporting cancerous proliferation, and they provide a metabolic link between the urea cycle enzymes and pyrimidine synthesis.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4655447/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4655447/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rabinovich, Shiran -- Adler, Lital -- Yizhak, Keren -- Sarver, Alona -- Silberman, Alon -- Agron, Shani -- Stettner, Noa -- Sun, Qin -- Brandis, Alexander -- Helbling, Daniel -- Korman, Stanley -- Itzkovitz, Shalev -- Dimmock, David -- Ulitsky, Igor -- Nagamani, Sandesh C S -- Ruppin, Eytan -- Erez, Ayelet -- 1 U54 HD083092/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2015 Nov 19;527(7578):379-83. doi: 10.1038/nature15529. Epub 2015 Nov 11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel. ; The Blavatnik School of Computer Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel. ; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA. ; Biological Services, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 69978, Israel. ; Human and Molecular Genetic and Biochemistry Center, Medical College Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA. ; Genetic and Metabolic Center, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel. ; Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 69978, Israel. ; Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030, USA. ; The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel. ; Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology &Department of Computer Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26560030" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Argininosuccinate Synthase/*deficiency/metabolism ; Aspartate Carbamoyltransferase/metabolism ; Aspartic Acid/*metabolism ; Calcium-Binding Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase (Glutamine-Hydrolyzing)/metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Citrullinemia/metabolism ; Cytosol/metabolism ; Dihydroorotase/metabolism ; Down-Regulation ; Enzyme Activation ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, SCID ; Neoplasms/enzymology/*metabolism/pathology ; Organic Anion Transporters/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Pyrimidines/*biosynthesis ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 41
    Publication Date: 2015-06-18
    Description: During development, cells interpret complex and often conflicting signals to make optimal decisions. Plant stomata, the cellular interface between a plant and the atmosphere, develop according to positional cues, which include a family of secreted peptides called epidermal patterning factors (EPFs). How these signalling peptides orchestrate pattern formation at a molecular level remains unclear. Here we report in Arabidopsis that Stomagen (also called EPF-LIKE9) peptide, which promotes stomatal development, requires ERECTA (ER)-family receptor kinases and interferes with the inhibition of stomatal development by the EPIDERMAL PATTERNING FACTOR 2 (EPF2)-ER module. Both EPF2 and Stomagen directly bind to ER and its co-receptor TOO MANY MOUTHS. Stomagen peptide competitively replaced EPF2 binding to ER. Furthermore, application of EPF2, but not Stomagen, elicited rapid phosphorylation of downstream signalling components in vivo. Our findings demonstrate how a plant receptor agonist and antagonist define inhibitory and inductive cues to fine-tune tissue patterning on the plant epidermis.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4532310/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4532310/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lee, Jin Suk -- Hnilova, Marketa -- Maes, Michal -- Lin, Ya-Chen Lisa -- Putarjunan, Aarthi -- Han, Soon-Ki -- Avila, Julian -- Torii, Keiko U -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2015 Jun 25;522(7557):439-43. doi: 10.1038/nature14561. Epub 2015 Jun 17.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉1] Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA [2] Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA. ; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA. ; Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26083750" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arabidopsis/genetics/growth & development/*metabolism ; Arabidopsis Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; *Binding, Competitive ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*metabolism ; Enzyme Activation ; Hypocotyl/metabolism ; MAP Kinase Signaling System ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Plant Stomata/*growth & development/*metabolism ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Receptors, Cell Surface/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Seedlings/enzymology/metabolism ; Transcription Factors/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 42
    Publication Date: 2015-06-18
    Description: The anaphase-promoting complex (APC/C) is a multimeric RING E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls chromosome segregation and mitotic exit. Its regulation by coactivator subunits, phosphorylation, the mitotic checkpoint complex and interphase early mitotic inhibitor 1 (Emi1) ensures the correct order and timing of distinct cell-cycle transitions. Here we use cryo-electron microscopy to determine atomic structures of APC/C-coactivator complexes with either Emi1 or a UbcH10-ubiquitin conjugate. These structures define the architecture of all APC/C subunits, the position of the catalytic module and explain how Emi1 mediates inhibition of the two E2s UbcH10 and Ube2S. Definition of Cdh1 interactions with the APC/C indicates how they are antagonized by Cdh1 phosphorylation. The structure of the APC/C with UbcH10-ubiquitin reveals insights into the initiating ubiquitination reaction. Our results provide a quantitative framework for the design of future experiments to investigate APC/C functions in vivo.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4608048/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4608048/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chang, Leifu -- Zhang, Ziguo -- Yang, Jing -- McLaughlin, Stephen H -- Barford, David -- A8022/Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom -- MC_UP_1201/6/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom -- England -- Nature. 2015 Jun 25;522(7557):450-4. doi: 10.1038/nature14471. Epub 2015 Jun 15.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26083744" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anaphase-Promoting Complex-Cyclosome/chemistry/*metabolism/*ultrastructure ; Apc1 Subunit, Anaphase-Promoting ; Complex-Cyclosome/chemistry/metabolism/ultrastructure ; Apc10 Subunit, Anaphase-Promoting ; Complex-Cyclosome/chemistry/metabolism/ultrastructure ; Apc11 Subunit, Anaphase-Promoting Complex-Cyclosome/chemistry/metabolism ; Apc3 Subunit, Anaphase-Promoting Complex-Cyclosome/chemistry/metabolism ; Apc8 Subunit, Anaphase-Promoting ; Complex-Cyclosome/chemistry/metabolism/ultrastructure ; Cadherins/chemistry/metabolism/ultrastructure ; Catalytic Domain ; Cell Cycle Proteins/chemistry/metabolism/ultrastructure ; Cryoelectron Microscopy ; Cytoskeletal Proteins/chemistry/metabolism ; F-Box Proteins/chemistry/metabolism/ultrastructure ; Humans ; Lysine/metabolism ; Models, Molecular ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Binding ; Protein Subunits/chemistry/metabolism ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Substrate Specificity ; Ubiquitin/chemistry/metabolism/ultrastructure ; Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes/chemistry/metabolism/ultrastructure ; *Ubiquitination
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 43
    Publication Date: 2015-07-15
    Description: The E3 ubiquitin ligase PARKIN (encoded by PARK2) and the protein kinase PINK1 (encoded by PARK6) are mutated in autosomal-recessive juvenile Parkinsonism (AR-JP) and work together in the disposal of damaged mitochondria by mitophagy. PINK1 is stabilized on the outside of depolarized mitochondria and phosphorylates polyubiquitin as well as the PARKIN ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain. These phosphorylation events lead to PARKIN recruitment to mitochondria, and activation by an unknown allosteric mechanism. Here we present the crystal structure of Pediculus humanus PARKIN in complex with Ser65-phosphorylated ubiquitin (phosphoUb), revealing the molecular basis for PARKIN recruitment and activation. The phosphoUb binding site on PARKIN comprises a conserved phosphate pocket and harbours residues mutated in patients with AR-JP. PhosphoUb binding leads to straightening of a helix in the RING1 domain, and the resulting conformational changes release the Ubl domain from the PARKIN core; this activates PARKIN. Moreover, phosphoUb-mediated Ubl release enhances Ubl phosphorylation by PINK1, leading to conformational changes within the Ubl domain and stabilization of an open, active conformation of PARKIN. We redefine the role of the Ubl domain not only as an inhibitory but also as an activating element that is restrained in inactive PARKIN and released by phosphoUb. Our work opens up new avenues to identify small-molecule PARKIN activators.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wauer, Tobias -- Simicek, Michal -- Schubert, Alexander -- Komander, David -- U105192732/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- England -- Nature. 2015 Aug 20;524(7565):370-4. doi: 10.1038/nature14879. Epub 2015 Jul 10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26161729" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Binding Sites/genetics ; Conserved Sequence/genetics ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Enzyme Activation ; Humans ; Models, Molecular ; Mutation/genetics ; Parkinsonian Disorders/genetics ; Pediculus/*chemistry ; Phosphates/metabolism ; Phosphoproteins/chemistry/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Binding ; Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Ubiquitin/*chemistry/*metabolism ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/*chemistry/genetics/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 44
    Publication Date: 2015-08-13
    Description: Protein aggregates and damaged organelles are tagged with ubiquitin chains to trigger selective autophagy. To initiate mitophagy, the ubiquitin kinase PINK1 phosphorylates ubiquitin to activate the ubiquitin ligase parkin, which builds ubiquitin chains on mitochondrial outer membrane proteins, where they act to recruit autophagy receptors. Using genome editing to knockout five autophagy receptors in HeLa cells, here we show that two receptors previously linked to xenophagy, NDP52 and optineurin, are the primary receptors for PINK1- and parkin-mediated mitophagy. PINK1 recruits NDP52 and optineurin, but not p62, to mitochondria to activate mitophagy directly, independently of parkin. Once recruited to mitochondria, NDP52 and optineurin recruit the autophagy factors ULK1, DFCP1 and WIPI1 to focal spots proximal to mitochondria, revealing a function for these autophagy receptors upstream of LC3. This supports a new model in which PINK1-generated phospho-ubiquitin serves as the autophagy signal on mitochondria, and parkin then acts to amplify this signal. This work also suggests direct and broader roles for ubiquitin phosphorylation in other autophagy pathways.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lazarou, Michael -- Sliter, Danielle A -- Kane, Lesley A -- Sarraf, Shireen A -- Wang, Chunxin -- Burman, Jonathon L -- Sideris, Dionisia P -- Fogel, Adam I -- Youle, Richard J -- Intramural NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2015 Aug 20;524(7565):309-14. doi: 10.1038/nature14893. Epub 2015 Aug 12.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Biochemistry Section, Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26266977" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Autophagy/*physiology ; Carrier Proteins/metabolism ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/metabolism ; Membrane Proteins/metabolism ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins/metabolism ; Mitochondria/metabolism ; Mitochondrial Degradation/*physiology ; Mitochondrial Proteins/metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Nuclear Proteins/*metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Kinases/*metabolism ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Transcription Factor TFIIIA/*metabolism ; Ubiquitin/metabolism ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 45
    Publication Date: 2015-07-28
    Description: Tissue morphogenesis is orchestrated by cell shape changes. Forces required to power these changes are generated by non-muscle myosin II (MyoII) motor proteins pulling filamentous actin (F-actin). Actomyosin networks undergo cycles of assembly and disassembly (pulses) to cause cell deformations alternating with steps of stabilization to result in irreversible shape changes. Although this ratchet-like behaviour operates in a variety of contexts, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here we investigate the role of MyoII regulation through the conserved Rho1-Rok pathway during Drosophila melanogaster germband extension. This morphogenetic process is powered by cell intercalation, which involves the shrinkage of junctions in the dorsal-ventral axis (vertical junctions) followed by junction extension in the anterior-posterior axis. While polarized flows of medial-apical MyoII pulses deform vertical junctions, MyoII enrichment on these junctions (planar polarity) stabilizes them. We identify two critical properties of MyoII dynamics that underlie stability and pulsatility: exchange kinetics governed by phosphorylation-dephosphorylation cycles of the MyoII regulatory light chain; and advection due to contraction of the motors on F-actin networks. Spatial control over MyoII exchange kinetics establishes two stable regimes of high and low dissociation rates, resulting in MyoII planar polarity. Pulsatility emerges at intermediate dissociation rates, enabling convergent advection of MyoII and its upstream regulators Rho1 GTP, Rok and MyoII phosphatase. Notably, pulsatility is not an outcome of an upstream Rho1 pacemaker. Rather, it is a self-organized system that involves positive and negative biomechanical feedback between MyoII advection and dissociation rates.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Munjal, Akankshi -- Philippe, Jean-Marc -- Munro, Edwin -- Lecuit, Thomas -- England -- Nature. 2015 Aug 20;524(7565):351-5. doi: 10.1038/nature14603. Epub 2015 Jul 27.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Aix Marseille Universite, CNRS, IBDM UMR7288, 13009 Marseille, France. ; Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26214737" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Actins/metabolism ; Actomyosin/*metabolism ; Animals ; Cell Polarity ; *Cell Shape ; Drosophila Proteins/*metabolism ; Drosophila melanogaster/*cytology/*embryology/metabolism ; Female ; Kinetics ; Male ; *Morphogenesis ; Myosin Light Chains/metabolism ; Myosin Type II/metabolism ; Myosin-Light-Chain Phosphatase/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; rho GTP-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; rho-Associated Kinases/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 46
    Publication Date: 2015-07-07
    Description: G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) allosterically activate heterotrimeric G proteins and trigger GDP release. Given that there are approximately 800 human GPCRs and 16 different Galpha genes, this raises the question of whether a universal allosteric mechanism governs Galpha activation. Here we show that different GPCRs interact with and activate Galpha proteins through a highly conserved mechanism. Comparison of Galpha with the small G protein Ras reveals how the evolution of short segments that undergo disorder-to-order transitions can decouple regions important for allosteric activation from receptor binding specificity. This might explain how the GPCR-Galpha system diversified rapidly, while conserving the allosteric activation mechanism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Flock, Tilman -- Ravarani, Charles N J -- Sun, Dawei -- Venkatakrishnan, A J -- Kayikci, Melis -- Tate, Christopher G -- Veprintsev, Dmitry B -- Babu, M Madan -- MC_U105185859/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- MC_U105197215/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- England -- Nature. 2015 Aug 13;524(7564):173-9. doi: 10.1038/nature14663. Epub 2015 Jul 6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK. ; 1] Laboratory of Biomolecular Research, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland [2] Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, 8039 Zurich, Switzerland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26147082" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Allosteric Regulation ; Animals ; Binding Sites ; Computational Biology ; Conserved Sequence ; Enzyme Activation ; *Evolution, Molecular ; GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Genetic Engineering ; Guanosine Diphosphate/metabolism ; Humans ; Models, Molecular ; Mutation ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/chemistry/*metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Substrate Specificity ; ras Proteins/chemistry/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 47
    Publication Date: 2015-05-15
    Description: The tumour microenvironment may contribute to tumorigenesis owing to mechanical forces such as fibrotic stiffness or mechanical pressure caused by the expansion of hyper-proliferative cells. Here we explore the contribution of the mechanical pressure exerted by tumour growth onto non-tumorous adjacent epithelium. In the early stage of mouse colon tumour development in the Notch(+)Apc(+/1638N) mouse model, we observed mechanistic pressure stress in the non-tumorous epithelial cells caused by hyper-proliferative adjacent crypts overexpressing active Notch, which is associated with increased Ret and beta-catenin signalling. We thus developed a method that allows the delivery of a defined mechanical pressure in vivo, by subcutaneously inserting a magnet close to the mouse colon. The implanted magnet generated a magnetic force on ultra-magnetic liposomes, stabilized in the mesenchymal cells of the connective tissue surrounding colonic crypts after intravenous injection. The magnetically induced pressure quantitatively mimicked the endogenous early tumour growth stress in the order of 1,200 Pa, without affecting tissue stiffness, as monitored by ultrasound strain imaging and shear wave elastography. The exertion of pressure mimicking that of tumour growth led to rapid Ret activation and downstream phosphorylation of beta-catenin on Tyr654, imparing its interaction with the E-cadherin in adherens junctions, and which was followed by beta-catenin nuclear translocation after 15 days. As a consequence, increased expression of beta-catenin-target genes was observed at 1 month, together with crypt enlargement accompanying the formation of early tumorous aberrant crypt foci. Mechanical activation of the tumorigenic beta-catenin pathway suggests unexplored modes of tumour propagation based on mechanical signalling pathways in healthy epithelial cells surrounding the tumour, which may contribute to tumour heterogeneity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fernandez-Sanchez, Maria Elena -- Barbier, Sandrine -- Whitehead, Joanne -- Bealle, Gaelle -- Michel, Aude -- Latorre-Ossa, Heldmuth -- Rey, Colette -- Fouassier, Laura -- Claperon, Audrey -- Brulle, Laura -- Girard, Elodie -- Servant, Nicolas -- Rio-Frio, Thomas -- Marie, Helene -- Lesieur, Sylviane -- Housset, Chantal -- Gennisson, Jean-Luc -- Tanter, Mickael -- Menager, Christine -- Fre, Silvia -- Robine, Sylvie -- Farge, Emmanuel -- England -- Nature. 2015 Jul 2;523(7558):92-5. doi: 10.1038/nature14329. Epub 2015 May 11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR 168, Physicochimie Curie Mechanics and Genetics of Embryonic and Tumour Development, INSERM, Fondation Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, F-75005 Paris, France. ; UPMC, Sorbonne Universites, Laboratoire PHENIX Physico-chimie des Electrolytes et Nanosystemes Interfaciaux, CNRS UMR 8234, F-75005 Paris, France. ; Langevin Institut, Waves and Images ESPCI ParisTech, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR7587, Inserm U979. F-75005 Paris, France. ; Sorbonne Universites, UPMC and INSERM, UMR-S 938, CDR Saint-Antoine, F-75012 Paris, France. ; CNRS UMR3666/INSERM U1143, Endocytic Trafficking and Therapeutic Delivery, Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, F-75005 Paris, France. ; Bioinformatic platform, U900, Institut Curie, MINES ParisTech, F-75005 Paris, France. ; Next-generation sequencing platform, Institut Curie, F-75005 Paris, France. ; CNRS UMR 8612, Laboratoire Physico-Chimie des Systemes Polyphases, Institut Galien Paris-Sud, LabEx LERMIT, Faculte de Pharmacie, Universite Paris-Sud, 92 296 Chatenay-Malabry, France. ; CNRS UMR 3215/INSERM U934, Unite de Genetique et Biologie du Developpement, Notch Signaling in Stem Cells and Tumors, Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, F-75005 Paris, France. ; CNRS UMR144, Compartimentation et dynamique cellulaires, Morphogenesis and Cell Signalling Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, F-75005 Paris, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25970250" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Active Transport, Cell Nucleus ; Animals ; Carcinogenesis/*pathology ; Colonic Neoplasms/*physiopathology ; Epithelial Cells/cytology/pathology ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Magnets ; Male ; Metal Nanoparticles ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Phosphorylation ; *Pressure ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ret/metabolism ; Receptors, Notch/genetics/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; *Tumor Microenvironment ; beta Catenin/*genetics/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 48
    Publication Date: 2015-04-11
    Description: Protein phosphorylation regulates virtually all biological processes. Although protein kinases are popular drug targets, targeting protein phosphatases remains a challenge. Here, we describe Sephin1 (selective inhibitor of a holophosphatase), a small molecule that safely and selectively inhibited a regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 1 in vivo. Sephin1 selectively bound and inhibited the stress-induced PPP1R15A, but not the related and constitutive PPP1R15B, to prolong the benefit of an adaptive phospho-signaling pathway, protecting cells from otherwise lethal protein misfolding stress. In vivo, Sephin1 safely prevented the motor, morphological, and molecular defects of two otherwise unrelated protein-misfolding diseases in mice, Charcot-Marie-Tooth 1B, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Thus, regulatory subunits of phosphatases are drug targets, a property exploited here to safely prevent two protein misfolding diseases.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4490275/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4490275/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Das, Indrajit -- Krzyzosiak, Agnieszka -- Schneider, Kim -- Wrabetz, Lawrence -- D'Antonio, Maurizio -- Barry, Nicholas -- Sigurdardottir, Anna -- Bertolotti, Anne -- 309516/European Research Council/International -- MC_U105185860/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- R01-NS55256/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Apr 10;348(6231):239-42. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa4484.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK. ; Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy. ; Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK. aberto@mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25859045" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/drug therapy/metabolism/pathology ; Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease/drug therapy/metabolism/pathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress/drug effects ; Enzyme Inhibitors/metabolism/pharmacokinetics/*pharmacology/toxicity ; Guanabenz/*analogs & derivatives/chemical ; synthesis/metabolism/pharmacology/toxicity ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Molecular Targeted Therapy ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Folding ; Protein Phosphatase 1/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Proteostasis Deficiencies/*drug therapy/*prevention & control ; Signal Transduction
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 49
    Publication Date: 2015-04-04
    Description: Plant immunity against foreign gene invasion takes advantage of posttranscriptional gene silencing (PTGS). How plants elaborately avert inappropriate PTGS of endogenous coding genes remains unclear. We demonstrate in Arabidopsis that both 5'-3' and 3'-5' cytoplasmic RNA decay pathways act as repressors of transgene and endogenous PTGS. Disruption of bidirectional cytoplasmic RNA decay leads to pleiotropic developmental defects and drastic transcriptomic alterations, which are substantially rescued by PTGS mutants. Upon dysfunction of bidirectional RNA decay, a large number of 21- to 22-nucleotide endogenous small interfering RNAs are produced from coding transcripts, including multiple microRNA targets, which could interfere with their cognate gene expression and functions. This study highlights the risk of unwanted PTGS and identifies cytoplasmic RNA decay pathways as safeguards of plant transcriptome and development.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zhang, Xinyan -- Zhu, Ying -- Liu, Xiaodan -- Hong, Xinyu -- Xu, Yang -- Zhu, Ping -- Shen, Yang -- Wu, Huihui -- Ji, Yusi -- Wen, Xing -- Zhang, Chen -- Zhao, Qiong -- Wang, Yichuan -- Lu, Jian -- Guo, Hongwei -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Apr 3;348(6230):120-3. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa2618.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China. ; Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China. ; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China. ; State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China. Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China. ; State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China. Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China. hongweig@pku.edu.cn.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25838384" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arabidopsis/*genetics/growth & development/metabolism ; Arabidopsis Proteins/genetics/physiology ; Cytoplasm/*metabolism ; *Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; MicroRNAs/genetics/metabolism ; Mutation ; Plant Immunity/*genetics ; *RNA Interference ; RNA Replicase/genetics/physiology ; *RNA Stability ; RNA, Plant/*genetics/metabolism ; RNA, Small Interfering/genetics/metabolism ; *Suppression, Genetic ; Transcriptome ; Transgenes
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 50
    Publication Date: 2015-10-17
    Description: Although the genes essential for life have been identified in less complex model organisms, their elucidation in human cells has been hindered by technical barriers. We used extensive mutagenesis in haploid human cells to identify approximately 2000 genes required for optimal fitness under culture conditions. To study the principles of genetic interactions in human cells, we created a synthetic lethality network focused on the secretory pathway based exclusively on mutations. This revealed a genetic cross-talk governing Golgi homeostasis, an additional subunit of the human oligosaccharyltransferase complex, and a phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase beta adaptor hijacked by viruses. The synthetic lethality map parallels observations made in yeast and projects a route forward to reveal genetic networks in diverse aspects of human cell biology.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Blomen, Vincent A -- Majek, Peter -- Jae, Lucas T -- Bigenzahn, Johannes W -- Nieuwenhuis, Joppe -- Staring, Jacqueline -- Sacco, Roberto -- van Diemen, Ferdy R -- Olk, Nadine -- Stukalov, Alexey -- Marceau, Caleb -- Janssen, Hans -- Carette, Jan E -- Bennett, Keiryn L -- Colinge, Jacques -- Superti-Furga, Giulio -- Brummelkamp, Thijn R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Nov 27;350(6264):1092-6. doi: 10.1126/science.aac7557. Epub 2015 Oct 15.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, Netherlands. ; CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria. ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 299 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. ; CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria. University of Montpellier, Institut de Recherche en Cancerologie de Montpellier Inserm U1194, Institut regional du Cancer Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France. jacques.colinge@inserm.fr gsuperti@cemm.at t.brummelkamp@nki.nl. ; CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria. Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. jacques.colinge@inserm.fr gsuperti@cemm.at t.brummelkamp@nki.nl. ; Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, Netherlands. CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria. Cancer Genomics Center (CGC.nl), Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX, Amsterdam, Netherlands. jacques.colinge@inserm.fr gsuperti@cemm.at t.brummelkamp@nki.nl.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26472760" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Gene Regulatory Networks ; *Genes, Essential ; *Genes, Lethal ; Genetic Fitness/*genetics ; Golgi Apparatus/genetics ; *Haploidy ; Hexosyltransferases/genetics ; Humans ; Membrane Proteins/genetics ; Mutagenesis, Insertional ; Mutation ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 51
    Publication Date: 2015-03-15
    Description: Immune checkpoint inhibitors, which unleash a patient's own T cells to kill tumors, are revolutionizing cancer treatment. To unravel the genomic determinants of response to this therapy, we used whole-exome sequencing of non-small cell lung cancers treated with pembrolizumab, an antibody targeting programmed cell death-1 (PD-1). In two independent cohorts, higher nonsynonymous mutation burden in tumors was associated with improved objective response, durable clinical benefit, and progression-free survival. Efficacy also correlated with the molecular smoking signature, higher neoantigen burden, and DNA repair pathway mutations; each factor was also associated with mutation burden. In one responder, neoantigen-specific CD8+ T cell responses paralleled tumor regression, suggesting that anti-PD-1 therapy enhances neoantigen-specific T cell reactivity. Our results suggest that the genomic landscape of lung cancers shapes response to anti-PD-1 therapy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rizvi, Naiyer A -- Hellmann, Matthew D -- Snyder, Alexandra -- Kvistborg, Pia -- Makarov, Vladimir -- Havel, Jonathan J -- Lee, William -- Yuan, Jianda -- Wong, Phillip -- Ho, Teresa S -- Miller, Martin L -- Rekhtman, Natasha -- Moreira, Andre L -- Ibrahim, Fawzia -- Bruggeman, Cameron -- Gasmi, Billel -- Zappasodi, Roberta -- Maeda, Yuka -- Sander, Chris -- Garon, Edward B -- Merghoub, Taha -- Wolchok, Jedd D -- Schumacher, Ton N -- Chan, Timothy A -- K23 CA149079/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P30 CA008748/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Apr 3;348(6230):124-8. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa1348. Epub 2015 Mar 12.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA. chant@mskcc.org. ; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA. ; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA. Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. ; Division of Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, Netherlands. ; Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. ; Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. ; Immune Monitoring Core, Ludwig Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. ; Computation Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. ; Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. ; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. ; Department of Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA. ; Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. ; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 2825 Santa Monica Boulevard, Suite 200, Santa Monica, CA 90404, USA. ; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. ; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA. Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. ; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA. Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. chant@mskcc.org.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25765070" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/*therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Agents/*therapeutic use ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/*drug therapy/*genetics/immunology ; Cohort Studies ; DNA Repair/genetics ; Disease-Free Survival ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/*genetics ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/*drug therapy/*genetics/immunology ; Mutation ; Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Smoking/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 52
    Publication Date: 2015-09-12
    Description: The function of neural circuits depends on the generation of specific classes of neurons. Neural identity is typically established near the time when neurons exit the cell cycle to become postmitotic cells, and it is generally accepted that, once the identity of a neuron has been established, its fate is maintained throughout life. Here, we show that network activity dynamically modulates the properties of fast-spiking (FS) interneurons through the postmitotic expression of the transcriptional regulator Er81. In the adult cortex, Er81 protein levels define a spectrum of FS basket cells with different properties, whose relative proportions are, however, continuously adjusted in response to neuronal activity. Our findings therefore suggest that interneuron properties are malleable in the adult cortex, at least to a certain extent.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4702376/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4702376/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dehorter, Nathalie -- Ciceri, Gabriele -- Bartolini, Giorgia -- Lim, Lynette -- del Pino, Isabel -- Marin, Oscar -- 103714MA/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Sep 11;349(6253):1216-20. doi: 10.1126/science.aab3415.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉MRC Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, Medical Research Council, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK. Instituto de Neurociencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas and Universidad Miguel Hernandez, 03550 Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain. ; Instituto de Neurociencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas and Universidad Miguel Hernandez, 03550 Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain. ; MRC Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, Medical Research Council, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK. Instituto de Neurociencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas and Universidad Miguel Hernandez, 03550 Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain. oscar.marin@kcl.ac.uk.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26359400" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cerebral Cortex/cytology/metabolism/*physiology ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Interneurons/cytology/metabolism/*physiology ; Mice ; Mice, Mutant Strains ; Mitosis ; Mutation ; Nerve Net/cytology/metabolism/*physiology ; Transcription Factors/genetics/*metabolism ; *Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 53
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-03-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bohannon, John -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Mar 20;347(6228):1300. doi: 10.1126/science.347.6228.1300.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25792310" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Albinism/genetics ; Animals ; *Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats ; Culicidae/genetics ; Drosophila melanogaster/*genetics ; Gene Targeting/*methods ; *Gene Transfer Techniques ; Gene Transfer, Horizontal ; *Genes, Recessive ; *Genes, X-Linked ; Humans ; Malaria/prevention & control ; Mutagenesis ; Mutation ; Pigmentation/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 54
    Publication Date: 2015-04-04
    Description: Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) is a highly personalized cancer therapy that involves administration to the cancer-bearing host of immune cells with direct anticancer activity. ACT using naturally occurring tumor-reactive lymphocytes has mediated durable, complete regressions in patients with melanoma, probably by targeting somatic mutations exclusive to each cancer. These results have expanded the reach of ACT to the treatment of common epithelial cancers. In addition, the ability to genetically engineer lymphocytes to express conventional T cell receptors or chimeric antigen receptors has further extended the successful application of ACT for cancer treatment.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rosenberg, Steven A -- Restifo, Nicholas P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Apr 3;348(6230):62-8. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa4967.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, CRC Building, Room 3W-3940, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. sar@nih.gov restifo@nih.gov.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25838374" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antigens, Neoplasm/immunology ; Genetic Engineering ; Humans ; Immunotherapy, Adoptive/*methods ; Lymphocyte Depletion ; Melanoma/genetics/secondary/therapy ; Mutation ; Neoplasms/genetics/immunology/*therapy ; Precision Medicine/*methods ; Skin Neoplasms/genetics/pathology/therapy ; T-Lymphocytes/transplantation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 55
    Publication Date: 2015-01-03
    Description: Some tissue types give rise to human cancers millions of times more often than other tissue types. Although this has been recognized for more than a century, it has never been explained. Here, we show that the lifetime risk of cancers of many different types is strongly correlated (0.81) with the total number of divisions of the normal self-renewing cells maintaining that tissue's homeostasis. These results suggest that only a third of the variation in cancer risk among tissues is attributable to environmental factors or inherited predispositions. The majority is due to "bad luck," that is, random mutations arising during DNA replication in normal, noncancerous stem cells. This is important not only for understanding the disease but also for designing strategies to limit the mortality it causes.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4446723/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4446723/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tomasetti, Cristian -- Vogelstein, Bert -- P30 CA006973/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P30-CA006973/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P50-CA62924/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01-CA57345/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R37 CA043460/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R37-CA43460/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jan 2;347(6217):78-81. doi: 10.1126/science.1260825.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 550 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. ctomasetti@jhu.edu vogelbe@jhmi.edu. ; Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center, 1650 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. ctomasetti@jhu.edu vogelbe@jhmi.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25554788" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Division/*genetics ; Gene-Environment Interaction ; Genetic Variation ; Humans ; Mutation ; Neoplasms/classification/*epidemiology/*genetics ; Risk ; Stem Cells/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 56
    Publication Date: 2015-11-01
    Description: It is unknown whether the human immune system frequently mounts a T cell response against mutations expressed by common epithelial cancers. Using a next-generation sequencing approach combined with high-throughput immunologic screening, we demonstrated that tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) from 9 out of 10 patients with metastatic gastrointestinal cancers contained CD4(+) and/or CD8(+) T cells that recognized one to three neo-epitopes derived from somatic mutations expressed by the patient's own tumor. There were no immunogenic epitopes shared between these patients. However, we identified in one patient a human leukocyte antigen-C*08:02-restricted T cell receptor from CD8(+) TILs that targeted the KRAS(G12D) hotspot driver mutation found in many human cancers. Thus, a high frequency of patients with common gastrointestinal cancers harbor immunogenic mutations that can potentially be exploited for the development of highly personalized immunotherapies.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tran, Eric -- Ahmadzadeh, Mojgan -- Lu, Yong-Chen -- Gros, Alena -- Turcotte, Simon -- Robbins, Paul F -- Gartner, Jared J -- Zheng, Zhili -- Li, Yong F -- Ray, Satyajit -- Wunderlich, John R -- Somerville, Robert P -- Rosenberg, Steven A -- Intramural NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Dec 11;350(6266):1387-90. doi: 10.1126/science.aad1253. Epub 2015 Oct 29.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. sar@mail.nih.gov.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26516200" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/*genetics/*immunology/therapy ; HLA-C Antigens/genetics/immunology ; Humans ; Immunodominant Epitopes/genetics/immunology ; Immunotherapy/methods ; Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/immunology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Precision Medicine/methods ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics/immunology ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/immunology ; ras Proteins/genetics/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 57
    Publication Date: 2015-01-31
    Description: The mechanistic basis of eukaryotic circadian oscillators in model systems as diverse as Neurospora, Drosophila, and mammalian cells is thought to be a transcription-and-translation-based negative feedback loop, wherein progressive and controlled phosphorylation of one or more negative elements ultimately elicits their own proteasome-mediated degradation, thereby releasing negative feedback and determining circadian period length. The Neurospora crassa circadian negative element FREQUENCY (FRQ) exemplifies such proteins; it is progressively phosphorylated at more than 100 sites, and strains bearing alleles of frq with anomalous phosphorylation display abnormal stability of FRQ that is well correlated with altered periods or apparent arrhythmicity. Unexpectedly, we unveiled normal circadian oscillations that reflect the allelic state of frq but that persist in the absence of typical degradation of FRQ. This manifest uncoupling of negative element turnover from circadian period length determination is not consistent with the consensus eukaryotic circadian model.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4432837/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4432837/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Larrondo, Luis F -- Olivares-Yanez, Consuelo -- Baker, Christopher L -- Loros, Jennifer J -- Dunlap, Jay C -- P01 GM68087/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM034985/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM083336/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM34985/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jan 30;347(6221):1257277. doi: 10.1126/science.1257277.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Millennium Nucleus for Fungal Integrative and Synthetic Biology, Departamento de Genetica Molecular y Microbiologia, Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Casilla 114-D, Santiago, Chile. Department of Genetics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA. jay.c.dunlap@dartmouth.edu llarrondo@bio.puc.cl. ; Millennium Nucleus for Fungal Integrative and Synthetic Biology, Departamento de Genetica Molecular y Microbiologia, Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Casilla 114-D, Santiago, Chile. ; Department of Genetics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA. ; Department of Genetics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA. Department of Biochemistry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA. ; Department of Genetics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA. jay.c.dunlap@dartmouth.edu llarrondo@bio.puc.cl.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25635104" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenine/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Alleles ; *Circadian Clocks ; *Circadian Rhythm ; Feedback, Physiological ; Fungal Proteins/biosynthesis/*genetics/*metabolism ; Half-Life ; Neurospora crassa/*physiology ; Phosphorylation ; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex/metabolism ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Protein Stability ; Proteolysis ; Signal Transduction
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 58
    Publication Date: 2015-10-17
    Description: Research in the genetics of neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism suggests that several hundred genes are likely risk factors for these disorders. This heterogeneity presents a challenge and an opportunity at the same time. Although the exact identity of many of the genes remains to be discovered, genes identified to date encode proteins that play roles in certain conserved pathways: protein synthesis, transcriptional and epigenetic regulation, and synaptic signaling. The next generation of research in neurodevelopmental disorders must address the neural circuitry underlying the behavioral symptoms and comorbidities, the cell types playing critical roles in these circuits, and common intercellular signaling pathways that link diverse genes. Results from clinical trials have been mixed so far. Only when we can leverage the heterogeneity of neurodevelopmental disorders into precision medicine will the mechanism-based therapeutics for these disorders start to unlock success.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4739545/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4739545/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sahin, Mustafa -- Sur, Mriganka -- EF1451125/PHS HHS/ -- EY007023/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- MH085802/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- NS090473/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- P20 NS080199/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- P30 HD018655/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- U01 NS082320/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- U54 NS092090/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- U54NS092090/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Nov 20;350(6263). pii: aab3897. doi: 10.1126/science.aab3897. Epub 2015 Oct 15.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉F. M. Kirby Center for Neurobiology, Translational Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA. mustafa.sahin@childrens.harvard.edu msur@mit.edu. ; Simons Center for the Social Brain, Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. mustafa.sahin@childrens.harvard.edu msur@mit.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26472761" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Autistic Disorder/drug therapy/genetics ; Behavior ; Brain/growth & development/metabolism ; Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Genes ; *Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways/genetics ; Mice ; Mutation ; Neural Pathways/metabolism ; Neurodevelopmental Disorders/*drug therapy/*genetics ; Precision Medicine/*methods ; Protein Biosynthesis/genetics ; Transcription, Genetic ; Translational Medical Research
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 59
    Publication Date: 2015-06-13
    Description: Cell division progresses to anaphase only after all chromosomes are connected to spindle microtubules through kinetochores and the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) is satisfied. We show that the amino-terminal localization module of the SAC protein kinase MPS1 (monopolar spindle 1) directly interacts with the HEC1 (highly expressed in cancer 1) calponin homology domain in the NDC80 (nuclear division cycle 80) kinetochore complex in vitro, in a phosphorylation-dependent manner. Microtubule polymers disrupted this interaction. In cells, MPS1 binding to kinetochores or to ectopic NDC80 complexes was prevented by end-on microtubule attachment, independent of known kinetochore protein-removal mechanisms. Competition for kinetochore binding between SAC proteins and microtubules provides a direct and perhaps evolutionarily conserved way to detect a properly organized spindle ready for cell division.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hiruma, Yoshitaka -- Sacristan, Carlos -- Pachis, Spyridon T -- Adamopoulos, Athanassios -- Kuijt, Timo -- Ubbink, Marcellus -- von Castelmur, Eleonore -- Perrakis, Anastassis -- Kops, Geert J P L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jun 12;348(6240):1264-7. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa4055. Epub 2015 Jun 11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Biochemistry, Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, Netherlands. Molecular Cancer Research, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CG Utrecht, Netherlands. Cancer Genomics Netherlands, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CG Utrecht, Netherlands. ; Molecular Cancer Research, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CG Utrecht, Netherlands. Cancer Genomics Netherlands, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CG Utrecht, Netherlands. ; Division of Biochemistry, Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, Netherlands. ; Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Post Office Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. ; Division of Biochemistry, Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, Netherlands. g.j.p.l.kops@umcutrecht.nl a.perrakis@nki.nl. ; Molecular Cancer Research, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CG Utrecht, Netherlands. Cancer Genomics Netherlands, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CG Utrecht, Netherlands. g.j.p.l.kops@umcutrecht.nl a.perrakis@nki.nl.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26068855" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anaphase ; Binding, Competitive ; Calcium-Binding Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; *Cell Cycle Checkpoints ; Cell Cycle Proteins/*metabolism ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Kinetochores/*metabolism ; Microfilament Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Microtubules/*metabolism ; Nuclear Proteins/chemistry/*metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/*metabolism ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/*metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Spindle Apparatus/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 60
    Publication Date: 2015-09-12
    Description: Monoclonal antibodies directed against cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4), such as ipilimumab, yield considerable clinical benefit for patients with metastatic melanoma by inhibiting immune checkpoint activity, but clinical predictors of response to these therapies remain incompletely characterized. To investigate the roles of tumor-specific neoantigens and alterations in the tumor microenvironment in the response to ipilimumab, we analyzed whole exomes from pretreatment melanoma tumor biopsies and matching germline tissue samples from 110 patients. For 40 of these patients, we also obtained and analyzed transcriptome data from the pretreatment tumor samples. Overall mutational load, neoantigen load, and expression of cytolytic markers in the immune microenvironment were significantly associated with clinical benefit. However, no recurrent neoantigen peptide sequences predicted responder patient populations. Thus, detailed integrated molecular characterization of large patient cohorts may be needed to identify robust determinants of response and resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Van Allen, Eliezer M -- Miao, Diana -- Schilling, Bastian -- Shukla, Sachet A -- Blank, Christian -- Zimmer, Lisa -- Sucker, Antje -- Hillen, Uwe -- Foppen, Marnix H Geukes -- Goldinger, Simone M -- Utikal, Jochen -- Hassel, Jessica C -- Weide, Benjamin -- Kaehler, Katharina C -- Loquai, Carmen -- Mohr, Peter -- Gutzmer, Ralf -- Dummer, Reinhard -- Gabriel, Stacey -- Wu, Catherine J -- Schadendorf, Dirk -- Garraway, Levi A -- U54 HG003067/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Oct 9;350(6257):207-11. doi: 10.1126/science.aad0095. Epub 2015 Sep 10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA. ; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. ; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany. German Cancer Consortium(DKTK), 69121 Heidelberg, Germany. ; Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, Netherlands. ; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland. ; Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center(DKTK), 69121 Heidelberg, Germany. Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center(DKTK), 69121 Heidelberg, Germany. Department of Dermatology, Venerology, and Allergology, University Medical Center, Ruprecht-Karls University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany. ; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Ruprecht-Karls University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. ; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Tubingen, 72076 Tubingen, Germany. ; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany. ; Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, 55131 Mainz, Germany. ; Department of Dermatology, Elbe-Kliniken, 21614 Buxtehude, Germany. ; Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Skin Cancer Center Hannover, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany. ; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. ; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany. German Cancer Consortium(DKTK), 69121 Heidelberg, Germany. levi_garraway@dfci.harvard.edu dirk.schadendorf@uk-essen.de. ; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA. levi_garraway@dfci.harvard.edu dirk.schadendorf@uk-essen.de.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26359337" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Antigens, Neoplasm/*genetics ; *Biomarkers, Pharmacological ; CTLA-4 Antigen/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Cell Cycle Checkpoints/genetics/immunology ; Cohort Studies ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics ; Exome ; Female ; Genomics ; HLA Antigens/genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Melanoma/*drug therapy/*genetics/secondary ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Skin Neoplasms/*drug therapy/*genetics/pathology ; Tumor Microenvironment/drug effects/immunology ; Young Adult
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 61
    Publication Date: 2015-04-04
    Description: T cell immunity directed against tumor-encoded amino acid substitutions occurs in some melanoma patients. This implicates missense mutations as a source of patient-specific neoantigens. However, a systematic evaluation of these putative neoantigens as targets of antitumor immunity is lacking. Moreover, it remains unknown whether vaccination can augment such responses. We found that a dendritic cell vaccine led to an increase in naturally occurring neoantigen-specific immunity and revealed previously undetected human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I-restricted neoantigens in patients with advanced melanoma. The presentation of neoantigens by HLA-A*02:01 in human melanoma was confirmed by mass spectrometry. Vaccination promoted a diverse neoantigen-specific T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire in terms of both TCR-beta usage and clonal composition. Our results demonstrate that vaccination directed at tumor-encoded amino acid substitutions broadens the antigenic breadth and clonal diversity of antitumor immunity.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4549796/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4549796/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carreno, Beatriz M -- Magrini, Vincent -- Becker-Hapak, Michelle -- Kaabinejadian, Saghar -- Hundal, Jasreet -- Petti, Allegra A -- Ly, Amy -- Lie, Wen-Rong -- Hildebrand, William H -- Mardis, Elaine R -- Linette, Gerald P -- 5U54HG00307/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- P30 CA091842/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P30 CA91842/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R21 CA179695/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG003079/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 May 15;348(6236):803-8. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa3828. Epub 2015 Apr 2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA. bcarreno@dom.wustl.edu. ; Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA. ; Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA. ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA. ; EMD Millipore Corporation, Billerica, MA, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25837513" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Substitution/immunology ; Antigen Presentation ; Antigens, Neoplasm/genetics/*immunology ; Cancer Vaccines/immunology/*therapeutic use ; Dendritic Cells/immunology/*transplantation ; HLA-A2 Antigen/genetics/*immunology ; Humans ; Immunotherapy, Active/*methods ; Melanoma/genetics/immunology/*therapy ; Monitoring, Immunologic ; Mutation ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/immunology ; Skin Neoplasms/genetics/immunology/*therapy ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 62
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-04-04
    Description: The clinical relevance of T cells in the control of a diverse set of human cancers is now beyond doubt. However, the nature of the antigens that allow the immune system to distinguish cancer cells from noncancer cells has long remained obscure. Recent technological innovations have made it possible to dissect the immune response to patient-specific neoantigens that arise as a consequence of tumor-specific mutations, and emerging data suggest that recognition of such neoantigens is a major factor in the activity of clinical immunotherapies. These observations indicate that neoantigen load may form a biomarker in cancer immunotherapy and provide an incentive for the development of novel therapeutic approaches that selectively enhance T cell reactivity against this class of antigens.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schumacher, Ton N -- Schreiber, Robert D -- R01CA04305926/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Apr 3;348(6230):69-74. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa4971.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, Netherlands. t.schumacher@nki.nl schreiber@immunology.wustl.edu. ; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. t.schumacher@nki.nl schreiber@immunology.wustl.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25838375" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antigens, Neoplasm/genetics/*immunology ; Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics/*immunology ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Exome ; Female ; Genes, Neoplasm ; Humans ; Immunotherapy/*methods ; Mutation ; Neoplasms/genetics/immunology/*therapy ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 63
    Publication Date: 2015-03-21
    Description: Base-pairing interactions between nucleic acids mediate target recognition in many biological processes. We developed a super-resolution imaging and modeling platform that enabled the in vivo determination of base pairing-mediated target recognition kinetics. We examined a stress-induced bacterial small RNA, SgrS, which induces the degradation of target messenger RNAs (mRNAs). SgrS binds to a primary target mRNA in a reversible and dynamic fashion, and formation of SgrS-mRNA complexes is rate-limiting, dictating the overall regulation efficiency in vivo. Examination of a secondary target indicated that differences in the target search kinetics contribute to setting the regulation priority among different target mRNAs. This super-resolution imaging and analysis approach provides a conceptual framework that can be generalized to other small RNA systems and other target search processes.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4410144/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4410144/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fei, Jingyi -- Singh, Digvijay -- Zhang, Qiucen -- Park, Seongjin -- Balasubramanian, Divya -- Golding, Ido -- Vanderpool, Carin K -- Ha, Taekjip -- GM 112659/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM065367/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM082837/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM092830/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM065367/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM082837/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM092830/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM112659/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Mar 20;347(6228):1371-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1258849.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for the Physics of Living Cells, Department of Physics, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA. ; Center for Biophysics and Computational Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA. ; Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA. ; Center for the Physics of Living Cells, Department of Physics, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA. Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. ; Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA. tjha@illinois.edu cvanderp@life.uiuc.edu. ; Center for the Physics of Living Cells, Department of Physics, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA. Center for Biophysics and Computational Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA. Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Urbana, IL, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Urbana, IL, USA. tjha@illinois.edu cvanderp@life.uiuc.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25792329" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Base Pairing ; Endoribonucleases/chemistry/genetics ; Escherichia coli/genetics/metabolism ; Kinetics ; Molecular Imaging/*methods ; Mutation ; Phosphoenolpyruvate Sugar Phosphotransferase System/genetics ; *RNA Stability ; RNA, Messenger/*chemistry ; RNA, Small Untranslated/*chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 64
    Publication Date: 2015-06-27
    Description: Organisms are adapted to the relentless cycles of day and night, because they evolved timekeeping systems called circadian clocks, which regulate biological activities with ~24-hour rhythms. The clock of cyanobacteria is driven by a three-protein oscillator composed of KaiA, KaiB, and KaiC, which together generate a circadian rhythm of KaiC phosphorylation. We show that KaiB flips between two distinct three-dimensional folds, and its rare transition to an active state provides a time delay that is required to match the timing of the oscillator to that of Earth's rotation. Once KaiB switches folds, it binds phosphorylated KaiC and captures KaiA, which initiates a phase transition of the circadian cycle, and it regulates components of the clock-output pathway, which provides the link that joins the timekeeping and signaling functions of the oscillator.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4506712/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4506712/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chang, Yong-Gang -- Cohen, Susan E -- Phong, Connie -- Myers, William K -- Kim, Yong-Ick -- Tseng, Roger -- Lin, Jenny -- Zhang, Li -- Boyd, Joseph S -- Lee, Yvonne -- Kang, Shannon -- Lee, David -- Li, Sheng -- Britt, R David -- Rust, Michael J -- Golden, Susan S -- LiWang, Andy -- AI081982/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI101436/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- GM062419/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM100116/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM107521/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM062419/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM100116/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jul 17;349(6245):324-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1260031. Epub 2015 Jun 25.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Natural Sciences, University of California, Merced, CA 95343, USA. ; Center for Circadian Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. ; Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. ; Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA. ; School of Natural Sciences, University of California, Merced, CA 95343, USA. Quantitative and Systems Biology, University of California, Merced, CA 95343, USA. ; Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. ; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. ; Center for Circadian Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. ; School of Natural Sciences, University of California, Merced, CA 95343, USA. Center for Circadian Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. Quantitative and Systems Biology, University of California, Merced, CA 95343, USA. Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of California, Merced, CA 95343, USA. Health Sciences Research Institute, University of California, Merced, CA 95343, USA. aliwang@ucmerced.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26113641" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bacterial Proteins/*chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; *Circadian Rhythm ; Circadian Rhythm Signaling Peptides and Proteins/*chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Folding ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Synechococcus/metabolism/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 65
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-03-31
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vogel, Gretchen -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Mar 27;347(6229):1407. doi: 10.1126/science.347.6229.1407.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25814564" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Ebola Vaccines/*genetics ; Ebolavirus/*genetics ; *Evolution, Molecular ; Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola/*prevention & control/*virology ; Humans ; Mali/epidemiology ; Mutation ; Sequence Analysis, RNA
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 66
    Publication Date: 2015-08-15
    Description: Adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) editing is a highly prevalent posttranscriptional modification of RNA, mediated by ADAR (adenosine deaminase acting on RNA) enzymes. In addition to RNA editing, additional functions have been proposed for ADAR1. To determine the specific role of RNA editing by ADAR1, we generated mice with an editing-deficient knock-in mutation (Adar1(E861A), where E861A denotes Glu(861)--〉Ala(861)). Adar1(E861A/E861A) embryos died at ~E13.5 (embryonic day 13.5), with activated interferon and double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-sensing pathways. Genome-wide analysis of the in vivo substrates of ADAR1 identified clustered hyperediting within long dsRNA stem loops within 3' untranslated regions of endogenous transcripts. Finally, embryonic death and phenotypes of Adar1(E861A/E861A) were rescued by concurrent deletion of the cytosolic sensor of dsRNA, MDA5. A-to-I editing of endogenous dsRNA is the essential function of ADAR1, preventing the activation of the cytosolic dsRNA response by endogenous transcripts.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Liddicoat, Brian J -- Piskol, Robert -- Chalk, Alistair M -- Ramaswami, Gokul -- Higuchi, Miyoko -- Hartner, Jochen C -- Li, Jin Billy -- Seeburg, Peter H -- Walkley, Carl R -- R01GM102484/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- T32 HG000044/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Sep 4;349(6252):1115-20. doi: 10.1126/science.aac7049. Epub 2015 Jul 23.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia. Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia. ; Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. ; Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. ; Taconic Biosciences, 51063 Cologne, Germany. ; St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia. Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia. cwalkley@svi.edu.au.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26275108" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 3' Untranslated Regions ; Adenosine/genetics ; Adenosine Deaminase/genetics/*metabolism ; Animals ; DEAD-box RNA Helicases/genetics/*metabolism ; Embryo Loss/*genetics ; Gene Deletion ; Gene Knock-In Techniques ; Inosine/genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Mutant Strains ; Mutation ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; *RNA Editing ; RNA, Double-Stranded/chemistry/*metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 67
    Publication Date: 2015-06-06
    Description: Retroviruses depend on self-assembly of their capsid proteins (core particle) to yield infectious mature virions. Despite the essential role of the retroviral core, its high polymorphism has hindered high-resolution structural analyses. Here, we report the x-ray structure of the native capsid (CA) protein from bovine leukemia virus. CA is organized as hexamers that deviate substantially from sixfold symmetry, yet adjust to make two-dimensional pseudohexagonal arrays that mimic mature retroviral cores. Intra- and interhexameric quasi-equivalent contacts are uncovered, with flexible trimeric lateral contacts among hexamers, yet preserving very similar dimeric interfaces making the lattice. The conformation of each capsid subunit in the hexamer is therefore dictated by long-range interactions, revealing how the hexamers can also assemble into closed core particles, a relevant feature of retrovirus biology.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Obal, G -- Trajtenberg, F -- Carrion, F -- Tome, L -- Larrieux, N -- Zhang, X -- Pritsch, O -- Buschiazzo, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jul 3;349(6243):95-8. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa5182. Epub 2015 Jun 4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Unit of Protein Biophysics, Mataojo 2020, 11400, Montevideo, Uruguay. Departamento de Inmunobiologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica, Avenida General Flores 2125, 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay. ; Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Unit of Protein Crystallography, Mataojo 2020, 11400, Montevideo, Uruguay. ; Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Unit of Protein Biophysics, Mataojo 2020, 11400, Montevideo, Uruguay. ; Institut Pasteur, Unite de Virologie Structurale, Departement de Virologie and CNRS Unite Mixte de Recherche 3569, 28, Rue du Docteur Roux, 75015, Paris, France. ; Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Unit of Protein Biophysics, Mataojo 2020, 11400, Montevideo, Uruguay. Departamento de Inmunobiologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica, Avenida General Flores 2125, 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay. pritsch@pasteur.edu.uy alebus@pasteur.edu.uy. ; Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Unit of Protein Crystallography, Mataojo 2020, 11400, Montevideo, Uruguay. Institut Pasteur, Department of Structural Biology and Chemistry, 25, Rue du Dr Roux, 75015, Paris, France. pritsch@pasteur.edu.uy alebus@pasteur.edu.uy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26044299" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Capsid/*chemistry ; Capsid Proteins/*chemistry/genetics ; Cattle ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Leukemia Virus, Bovine/*chemistry/genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Protein Multimerization ; Protein Structure, Secondary
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 68
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-06-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fredrickson, James K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jun 26;348(6242):1425-7. doi: 10.1126/science.aab0946.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA 99352, USA. jim.fredrickson@pnnl.gov.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26113703" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptation, Physiological/genetics/physiology ; Bacteria/genetics ; Genetic Fitness ; Microbial Consortia/genetics/*physiology ; Microbial Interactions/genetics/*physiology ; Mutation ; Synthetic Biology ; Yeasts/genetics/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 69
    Publication Date: 2015-07-15
    Description: Human inborn errors of immunity mediated by the cytokines interleukin-17A and interleukin-17F (IL-17A/F) underlie mucocutaneous candidiasis, whereas inborn errors of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) immunity underlie mycobacterial disease. We report the discovery of bi-allelic RORC loss-of-function mutations in seven individuals from three kindreds of different ethnic origins with both candidiasis and mycobacteriosis. The lack of functional RORgamma and RORgammaT isoforms resulted in the absence of IL-17A/F-producing T cells in these individuals, probably accounting for their chronic candidiasis. Unexpectedly, leukocytes from RORgamma- and RORgammaT-deficient individuals also displayed an impaired IFN-gamma response to Mycobacterium. This principally reflected profoundly defective IFN-gamma production by circulating gammadelta T cells and CD4(+)CCR6(+)CXCR3(+) alphabeta T cells. In humans, both mucocutaneous immunity to Candida and systemic immunity to Mycobacterium require RORgamma, RORgammaT, or both.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4668938/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4668938/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Okada, Satoshi -- Markle, Janet G -- Deenick, Elissa K -- Mele, Federico -- Averbuch, Dina -- Lagos, Macarena -- Alzahrani, Mohammed -- Al-Muhsen, Saleh -- Halwani, Rabih -- Ma, Cindy S -- Wong, Natalie -- Soudais, Claire -- Henderson, Lauren A -- Marzouqa, Hiyam -- Shamma, Jamal -- Gonzalez, Marcela -- Martinez-Barricarte, Ruben -- Okada, Chizuru -- Avery, Danielle T -- Latorre, Daniela -- Deswarte, Caroline -- Jabot-Hanin, Fabienne -- Torrado, Egidio -- Fountain, Jeffrey -- Belkadi, Aziz -- Itan, Yuval -- Boisson, Bertrand -- Migaud, Melanie -- Arlehamn, Cecilia S Lindestam -- Sette, Alessandro -- Breton, Sylvain -- McCluskey, James -- Rossjohn, Jamie -- de Villartay, Jean-Pierre -- Moshous, Despina -- Hambleton, Sophie -- Latour, Sylvain -- Arkwright, Peter D -- Picard, Capucine -- Lantz, Olivier -- Engelhard, Dan -- Kobayashi, Masao -- Abel, Laurent -- Cooper, Andrea M -- Notarangelo, Luigi D -- Boisson-Dupuis, Stephanie -- Puel, Anne -- Sallusto, Federica -- Bustamante, Jacinta -- Tangye, Stuart G -- Casanova, Jean-Laurent -- 8UL1TR000043/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/ -- HHSN272200900044C/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- HHSN272200900044C/PHS HHS/ -- R37 AI095983/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R37AI095983/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- T32 AI007512/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Aug 7;349(6248):606-13. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa4282. Epub 2015 Jul 9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA. Department of Pediatrics, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan. ; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA. jmarkle@rockefeller.edu jean-laurent.casanova@rockefeller.edu. ; Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia. St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. ; Institute for Research in Biomedicine, University of Italian Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland. ; Department of Pediatrics, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel. ; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Valparaiso, Santiago, Chile. Department of Pediatrics, Padre Hurtado Hospital and Clinica Alemana, Santiago, Chile. ; Department of Pediatrics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. ; Department of Pediatrics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Department of Pediatrics, Prince Naif Center for Immunology Research, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. ; Department of Pediatrics, Prince Naif Center for Immunology Research, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. ; Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia. ; Institut Curie, INSERM U932, Paris, France. ; Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA. ; Caritas Baby Hospital, Post Office Box 11535, Jerusalem, Israel. ; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Valparaiso, Santiago, Chile. ; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA. ; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France. Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France. ; Trudeau Institute, Saranac Lake, NY 12983, USA. ; La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. ; Department of Radiology, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France. ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. ; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia. Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia. Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK. ; Laboratoire Dynamique du Genome et Systeme Immunitaire, INSERM UMR 1163, Universite Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cite, Imagine Institute, Paris, France. ; Laboratoire Dynamique du Genome et Systeme Immunitaire, INSERM UMR 1163, Universite Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cite, Imagine Institute, Paris, France. Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit, AP-HP, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France. ; Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University and Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 6BE, UK. ; Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV Infection, INSERM UMR 1163, Universite Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cite, Imagine Institute, Paris, France. ; Department of Paediatric Allergy Immunology, University of Manchester, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester, UK. ; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA. Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France. Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France. Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit, AP-HP, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France. Center for the Study of Primary Immunodeficiencies, AP-HP, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France. ; Department of Pediatrics, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan. ; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA. Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France. Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France. ; Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA. ; Institute for Research in Biomedicine, University of Italian Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland. Center of Medical Immunology, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, University of Italian Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland. ; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA. Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France. Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France. Center for the Study of Primary Immunodeficiencies, AP-HP, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France. ; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA. Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France. Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France. Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit, AP-HP, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA. jmarkle@rockefeller.edu jean-laurent.casanova@rockefeller.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26160376" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Animals ; Candida albicans/*immunology ; Candidiasis, Chronic Mucocutaneous/complications/*genetics/immunology ; Cattle ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Exome/genetics ; Female ; Gene Rearrangement, alpha-Chain T-Cell Antigen Receptor ; Humans ; Immunity/*genetics ; Interferon-gamma/immunology ; Interleukin-17/immunology ; Mice ; Mutation ; Mycobacterium bovis/immunology/isolation & purification ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/immunology/isolation & purification ; Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3/*genetics ; Pedigree ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/genetics/immunology ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/genetics/immunology ; Severe Combined Immunodeficiency/*genetics ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Thymus Gland/abnormalities/immunology ; Tuberculosis, Bovine/*genetics/immunology ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/*genetics/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 70
    Publication Date: 2015-02-01
    Description: During virus infection, the adaptor proteins MAVS and STING transduce signals from the cytosolic nucleic acid sensors RIG-I and cGAS, respectively, to induce type I interferons (IFNs) and other antiviral molecules. Here we show that MAVS and STING harbor two conserved serine and threonine clusters that are phosphorylated by the kinases IKK and/or TBK1 in response to stimulation. Phosphorylated MAVS and STING then bind to a positively charged surface of interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) and thereby recruit IRF3 for its phosphorylation and activation by TBK1. We further show that TRIF, an adaptor protein in Toll-like receptor signaling, activates IRF3 through a similar phosphorylation-dependent mechanism. These results reveal that phosphorylation of innate adaptor proteins is an essential and conserved mechanism that selectively recruits IRF3 to activate the type I IFN pathway.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Liu, Siqi -- Cai, Xin -- Wu, Jiaxi -- Cong, Qian -- Chen, Xiang -- Li, Tuo -- Du, Fenghe -- Ren, Junyao -- Wu, You-Tong -- Grishin, Nick V -- Chen, Zhijian J -- AI-93967/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- GM-094575/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM-63692/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Mar 13;347(6227):aaa2630. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa2630. Epub 2015 Jan 29.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA. ; Departments of Biophysics and Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA. ; Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA. ; Departments of Biophysics and Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA. ; Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA. zhijian.chen@utsouthwestern.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25636800" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/chemistry/*metabolism ; Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport/chemistry/*metabolism ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Cell Line ; Humans ; I-kappa B Kinase/metabolism ; Interferon Regulatory Factor-3/chemistry/*metabolism ; Interferon-alpha/biosynthesis ; Interferon-beta/biosynthesis ; Membrane Proteins/chemistry/*metabolism ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Binding ; Protein Multimerization ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins/metabolism ; Sendai virus/physiology ; Serine/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Ubiquitination ; Vesiculovirus/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 71
    Publication Date: 2015-04-25
    Description: An organism with a single recessive loss-of-function allele will typically have a wild-type phenotype, whereas individuals homozygous for two copies of the allele will display a mutant phenotype. We have developed a method called the mutagenic chain reaction (MCR), which is based on the CRISPR/Cas9 genome-editing system for generating autocatalytic mutations, to produce homozygous loss-of-function mutations. In Drosophila, we found that MCR mutations efficiently spread from their chromosome of origin to the homologous chromosome, thereby converting heterozygous mutations to homozygosity in the vast majority of somatic and germline cells. MCR technology should have broad applications in diverse organisms.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687737/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687737/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gantz, Valentino M -- Bier, Ethan -- R01 AI070654/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI110713/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM067247/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R56 NS029870/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Apr 24;348(6233):442-4. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa5945. Epub 2015 Mar 19.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92095, USA. vgantz@ucsd.edu ebier@ucsd.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25908821" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Animals ; Caspase 9 ; *Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats ; Drosophila melanogaster/genetics ; Female ; Genetic Engineering/*methods ; Genome, Insect ; Germ Cells ; *Heterozygote ; *Homozygote ; Male ; *Mutagenesis ; Mutation ; Phenotype
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 72
    Publication Date: 2015-03-31
    Description: Severe influenza disease strikes otherwise healthy children and remains unexplained. We report compound heterozygous null mutations in IRF7, which encodes the transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 7, in an otherwise healthy child who suffered life-threatening influenza during primary infection. In response to influenza virus, the patient's leukocytes and plasmacytoid dendritic cells produced very little type I and III interferons (IFNs). Moreover, the patient's dermal fibroblasts and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived pulmonary epithelial cells produced reduced amounts of type I IFN and displayed increased influenza virus replication. These findings suggest that IRF7-dependent amplification of type I and III IFNs is required for protection against primary infection by influenza virus in humans. They also show that severe influenza may result from single-gene inborn errors of immunity.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4431581/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4431581/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ciancanelli, Michael J -- Huang, Sarah X L -- Luthra, Priya -- Garner, Hannah -- Itan, Yuval -- Volpi, Stefano -- Lafaille, Fabien G -- Trouillet, Celine -- Schmolke, Mirco -- Albrecht, Randy A -- Israelsson, Elisabeth -- Lim, Hye Kyung -- Casadio, Melina -- Hermesh, Tamar -- Lorenzo, Lazaro -- Leung, Lawrence W -- Pedergnana, Vincent -- Boisson, Bertrand -- Okada, Satoshi -- Picard, Capucine -- Ringuier, Benedicte -- Troussier, Francoise -- Chaussabel, Damien -- Abel, Laurent -- Pellier, Isabelle -- Notarangelo, Luigi D -- Garcia-Sastre, Adolfo -- Basler, Christopher F -- Geissmann, Frederic -- Zhang, Shen-Ying -- Snoeck, Hans-Willem -- Casanova, Jean-Laurent -- 1U19AI109945/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- 5R01AI100887/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- 5R01NS072381/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- 8UL1TR000043/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/ -- HHSN272201400008C/PHS HHS/ -- R01 AI100887/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS072381/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- U19 AI109945/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Apr 24;348(6233):448-53. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa1578. Epub 2015 Mar 26.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. ; Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. ; Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. ; Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation (CMCBI), King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK. ; Division of Immunology and Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy. ; Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. ; Department of Systems Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA. ; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR1163, Paris, France. University Paris Descartes, Imagine Institute, Paris, France. ; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. Department of Pediatrics, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan. ; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR1163, Paris, France. University Paris Descartes, Imagine Institute, Paris, France. Study Centre for Primary Immunodeficiencies, AP-HP, Necker Hospital, Paris, France. ; Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital, Angers, France. ; General Pediatrics Unit, University Hospital, Angers, France. ; Department of Systems Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA. Department of Systems Biology, Sidra Medical and Research Center, Doha, Qatar. ; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR1163, Paris, France. University Paris Descartes, Imagine Institute, Paris, France. ; Pediatric Immunology, Hematology and Oncology Unit, University Hospital Centre of Angers, Angers, France. INSERM U892, CNRS U6299, Angers, France. ; Division of Immunology and Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. ; Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. ; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR1163, Paris, France. University Paris Descartes, Imagine Institute, Paris, France. Pediatric Immuno-Hematology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA. jean-laurent.casanova@rockefeller.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25814066" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Child ; Dendritic Cells/immunology ; Female ; Fibroblasts/immunology ; Genes, Recessive ; *Heterozygote ; Humans ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/immunology ; *Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; Influenza, Human/complications/genetics/*immunology ; Interferon Regulatory Factor-7/*genetics ; Interferon Type I/*biosynthesis/genetics ; Leukocytes/immunology ; Lung/immunology ; Mutation ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult/genetics/*immunology/virology ; Respiratory Mucosa/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 73
    Publication Date: 2015-10-17
    Description: Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) catalyzes histone H3K27 trimethylation (H3K27me3), a hallmark of gene silencing. Here we report the crystal structures of an active PRC2 complex of 170 kilodaltons from the yeast Chaetomium thermophilum in both basal and stimulated states, which contain Ezh2, Eed, and the VEFS domain of Suz12 and are bound to a cancer-associated inhibiting H3K27M peptide and a S-adenosyl-l-homocysteine cofactor. The stimulated complex also contains an additional stimulating H3K27me3 peptide. Eed is engulfed by a belt-like structure of Ezh2, and Suz12(VEFS) contacts both of these two subunits to confer an unusual split active SET domain for catalysis. Comparison of PRC2 in the basal and stimulated states reveals a mobile Ezh2 motif that responds to stimulation to allosterically regulate the active site.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jiao, Lianying -- Liu, Xin -- GM114576/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Oct 16;350(6258):aac4383. doi: 10.1126/science.aac4383. Epub 2015 Oct 15.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences and Division of Basic Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA. ; Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences and Division of Basic Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA. xin.liu@utsouthwestern.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26472914" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Allosteric Regulation ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Catalysis ; Catalytic Domain ; Chaetomium/genetics/*metabolism ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Fungal Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors/*chemistry/metabolism ; *Gene Silencing ; Histones/*metabolism ; Humans ; Jumonji Domain-Containing Histone Demethylases/metabolism ; Methylation ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Neoplasms/genetics ; Polycomb Repressive Complex 2/antagonists & inhibitors/*chemistry/metabolism ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; S-Adenosylhomocysteine/chemistry/metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 74
    Publication Date: 2015-09-05
    Description: In a short hairpin RNA screen for genes that affect AKT phosphorylation, we identified the RAB35 small guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase)-a protein previously implicated in endomembrane trafficking-as a regulator of the phosphatidylinositol 3'-OH kinase (PI3K) pathway. Depletion of RAB35 suppresses AKT phosphorylation in response to growth factors, whereas expression of a dominant active GTPase-deficient mutant of RAB35 constitutively activates the PI3K/AKT pathway. RAB35 functions downstream of growth factor receptors and upstream of PDK1 and mTORC2 and copurifies with PI3K in immunoprecipitation assays. Two somatic RAB35 mutations found in human tumors generate alleles that constitutively activate PI3K/AKT signaling, suppress apoptosis, and transform cells in a PI3K-dependent manner. Furthermore, oncogenic RAB35 is sufficient to drive platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha to LAMP2-positive endomembranes in the absence of ligand, suggesting that there may be latent oncogenic potential in dysregulated endomembrane trafficking.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4600465/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4600465/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wheeler, Douglas B -- Zoncu, Roberto -- Root, David E -- Sabatini, David M -- Sawyers, Charles L -- 1DP2CA195761-01/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- AI47389/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- CA092629/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA103866/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA155169/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- GM07739/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA103866/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA129105/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA155169/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA193837/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Oct 9;350(6257):211-7. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa4903. Epub 2015 Sep 3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, NY 10065, USA. Weill Cornell/Rockefeller University/Sloan Kettering Tri-Institutional MD-PhD Program, New York, NY 10021, USA. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. ; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. ; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. ; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA. sawyersc@mskcc.org sabatini@wi.mit.edu. ; Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, NY 10065, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA. sawyersc@mskcc.org sabatini@wi.mit.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26338797" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Gene Deletion ; Humans ; Immunoprecipitation ; Lysosomal-Associated Membrane Protein 2/metabolism ; Multiprotein Complexes/metabolism ; Mutation ; Neoplasms/genetics/*metabolism/pathology ; Oncogene Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/*metabolism ; Phosphorylation/genetics ; Protein Transport ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Small Interfering/genetics ; Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor alpha/metabolism ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism ; rab GTP-Binding Proteins/genetics/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 75
    Publication Date: 2015-08-15
    Description: The evolution of sexual reproduction is often explained by Red Queen dynamics: Organisms must continually evolve to maintain fitness relative to interacting organisms, such as parasites. Recombination accompanies sexual reproduction and helps diversify an organism's offspring, so that parasites cannot exploit static host genotypes. Here we show that Drosophila melanogaster plastically increases the production of recombinant offspring after infection. The response is consistent across genetic backgrounds, developmental stages, and parasite types but is not induced after sterile wounding. Furthermore, the response appears to be driven by transmission distortion rather than increased recombination. Our study extends the Red Queen model to include the increased production of recombinant offspring and uncovers a remarkable ability of hosts to actively distort their recombination fraction in rapid response to environmental cues.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Singh, Nadia D -- Criscoe, Dallas R -- Skolfield, Shelly -- Kohl, Kathryn P -- Keebaugh, Erin S -- Schlenke, Todd A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Aug 14;349(6249):747-50. doi: 10.1126/science.aab1768.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biological Sciences and Bioinformatics Research Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA. ndsingh@ncsu.edu schlenkt@reed.edu. ; Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. ; Department of Biology, Reed College, Portland, OR, USA. ; Department of Biology, Winthrop University, Rock Hill, SC, USA. ; Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA. ; Department of Biology, Reed College, Portland, OR, USA. ndsingh@ncsu.edu schlenkt@reed.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26273057" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Drosophila melanogaster/*genetics/growth & development/*parasitology ; Female ; *Genetic Fitness ; Genetic Variation ; Larva ; Male ; Mutation ; Parasitic Diseases/genetics ; *Recombination, Genetic ; Reproduction/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 76
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-11-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pennisi, Elizabeth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Nov 27;350(6264):1014. doi: 10.1126/science.350.6264.1014.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26612928" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anopheles/*genetics/growth & development/*immunology ; Antibodies/*genetics ; Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats ; Genetic Engineering/*methods ; Humans ; Life Cycle Stages/immunology ; Malaria/parasitology/*prevention & control ; Mice ; Mosquito Control/*methods ; Mutation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 77
    Publication Date: 2015-02-24
    Description: Macromolecular function is rooted in energy landscapes, where sequence determines not a single structure but an ensemble of conformations. Hence, evolution modifies a protein's function by altering its energy landscape. Here, we recreate the evolutionary pathway between two modern human oncogenes, Src and Abl, by reconstructing their common ancestors. Our evolutionary reconstruction combined with x-ray structures of the common ancestor and pre-steady-state kinetics reveals a detailed atomistic mechanism for selectivity of the successful cancer drug Gleevec. Gleevec affinity is gained during the evolutionary trajectory toward Abl and lost toward Src, primarily by shifting an induced-fit equilibrium that is also disrupted in the clinical T315I resistance mutation. This work reveals the mechanism of Gleevec specificity while offering insights into how energy landscapes evolve.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4405104/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4405104/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wilson, C -- Agafonov, R V -- Hoemberger, M -- Kutter, S -- Zorba, A -- Halpin, J -- Buosi, V -- Otten, R -- Waterman, D -- Theobald, D L -- Kern, D -- GM094468/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM096053/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM100966-01/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM094468/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM096053/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM100966/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- T32 EB009419/EB/NIBIB NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM007596/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Feb 20;347(6224):882-6. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa1823.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biochemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02452, USA. ; Department of Biochemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02452, USA. ; Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biochemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02452, USA. dkern@brandeis.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25700521" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry/*pharmacology ; Benzamides/chemistry/*pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/*genetics ; Entropy ; *Evolution, Molecular ; Humans ; Imatinib Mesylate ; Mutation ; Oncogene Proteins v-abl/chemistry/genetics ; Phylogeny ; Piperazines/chemistry/*pharmacology ; Protein Binding ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/chemistry/*pharmacology ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Pyrimidines/chemistry/*pharmacology ; src-Family Kinases/*chemistry/classification/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 78
    Publication Date: 2015-06-27
    Description: Morphinan alkaloids from the opium poppy are used for pain relief. The direction of metabolites to morphinan biosynthesis requires isomerization of (S)- to (R)-reticuline. Characterization of high-reticuline poppy mutants revealed a genetic locus, designated STORR [(S)- to (R)-reticuline] that encodes both cytochrome P450 and oxidoreductase modules, the latter belonging to the aldo-keto reductase family. Metabolite analysis of mutant alleles and heterologous expression demonstrate that the P450 module is responsible for the conversion of (S)-reticuline to 1,2-dehydroreticuline, whereas the oxidoreductase module converts 1,2-dehydroreticuline to (R)-reticuline rather than functioning as a P450 redox partner. Proteomic analysis confirmed that these two modules are contained on a single polypeptide in vivo. This modular assembly implies a selection pressure favoring substrate channeling. The fusion protein STORR may enable microbial-based morphinan production.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Winzer, Thilo -- Kern, Marcelo -- King, Andrew J -- Larson, Tony R -- Teodor, Roxana I -- Donninger, Samantha L -- Li, Yi -- Dowle, Adam A -- Cartwright, Jared -- Bates, Rachel -- Ashford, David -- Thomas, Jerry -- Walker, Carol -- Bowser, Tim A -- Graham, Ian A -- BB/K018809/1/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jul 17;349(6245):309-12. doi: 10.1126/science.aab1852. Epub 2015 Jun 25.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK. ; Bioscience Technology Facility, Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK. ; GlaxoSmithKline, 1061 Mountain Highway, Post Office Box 168, Boronia, Victoria 3155, Australia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26113639" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Benzylisoquinolines/chemistry/*metabolism ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/genetics/*metabolism ; Genetic Loci ; Isoquinolines/chemistry/*metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Morphinans/chemistry/*metabolism ; Mutation ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Papaver/*enzymology/genetics ; Plant Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds/chemistry/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 79
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-11-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Nov 6;350(6261):619. doi: 10.1126/science.350.6261.619.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26542550" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Ascorbic Acid/pharmacology/*therapeutic use ; Biological Transport ; Free Radicals/metabolism ; Glucose/metabolism ; Glucose Transporter Type 1/genetics/metabolism ; Mice ; Mutation ; Neoplasms/*drug therapy/genetics/metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf/genetics ; Vitamins/pharmacology/*therapeutic use ; ras Proteins/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 80
    Publication Date: 2015-11-07
    Description: Anion exchanger 1 (AE1), also known as band 3 or SLC4A1, plays a key role in the removal of carbon dioxide from tissues by facilitating the exchange of chloride and bicarbonate across the plasma membrane of erythrocytes. An isoform of AE1 is also present in the kidney. Specific mutations in human AE1 cause several types of hereditary hemolytic anemias and/or distal renal tubular acidosis. Here we report the crystal structure of the band 3 anion exchanger domain (AE1(CTD)) at 3.5 angstroms. The structure is locked in an outward-facing open conformation by an inhibitor. Comparing this structure with a substrate-bound structure of the uracil transporter UraA in an inward-facing conformation allowed us to identify the anion-binding position in the AE1(CTD), and to propose a possible transport mechanism that could explain why selected mutations lead to disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Arakawa, Takatoshi -- Kobayashi-Yurugi, Takami -- Alguel, Yilmaz -- Iwanari, Hiroko -- Hatae, Hinako -- Iwata, Momi -- Abe, Yoshito -- Hino, Tomoya -- Ikeda-Suno, Chiyo -- Kuma, Hiroyuki -- Kang, Dongchon -- Murata, Takeshi -- Hamakubo, Takao -- Cameron, Alexander D -- Kobayashi, Takuya -- Hamasaki, Naotaka -- Iwata, So -- BB/D019516/1/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- BB/G023425/1/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- WT089809/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Nov 6;350(6261):680-4. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa4335.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO) Human Receptor Crystallography Project, Konoe-cho, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan. JST, Research Acceleration Program, Membrane Protein Crystallography Project, Konoe-cho, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan. Department of Cell Biology, Kyoto University Faculty of Medicine, Konoe-cho, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan. ; Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO) Human Receptor Crystallography Project, Konoe-cho, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan. Department of Cell Biology, Kyoto University Faculty of Medicine, Konoe-cho, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan. ; Division of Molecular Biosciences, Membrane Protein Crystallography group, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK. Membrane Protein Laboratory, Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Chilton, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, UK. Research Complex at Harwell Rutherford, Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0FA, UK. ; Department of Quantitative Biology and Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan. ; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University, 2825-7 Huis Ten Bosch-cho, Sasebo, Nagasaki 859-3298, Japan. ; Division of Molecular Biosciences, Membrane Protein Crystallography group, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK. Membrane Protein Laboratory, Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Chilton, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, UK. ; Department of Protein Structure, Function and Design, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan. ; Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan. ; Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO) Human Receptor Crystallography Project, Konoe-cho, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan. Department of Cell Biology, Kyoto University Faculty of Medicine, Konoe-cho, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan. Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage, Chiba 263-8522, Japan. ; Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO) Human Receptor Crystallography Project, Konoe-cho, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan. Division of Molecular Biosciences, Membrane Protein Crystallography group, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK. Membrane Protein Laboratory, Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Chilton, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, UK. Research Complex at Harwell Rutherford, Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0FA, UK. School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK. ; Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO) Human Receptor Crystallography Project, Konoe-cho, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan. JST, Research Acceleration Program, Membrane Protein Crystallography Project, Konoe-cho, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan. Department of Cell Biology, Kyoto University Faculty of Medicine, Konoe-cho, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan. Platform for Drug Discovery, Informatics, and Structural Life Science, Konoe-cho, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan. ; Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO) Human Receptor Crystallography Project, Konoe-cho, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan. JST, Research Acceleration Program, Membrane Protein Crystallography Project, Konoe-cho, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan. Department of Cell Biology, Kyoto University Faculty of Medicine, Konoe-cho, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan. Division of Molecular Biosciences, Membrane Protein Crystallography group, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK. Membrane Protein Laboratory, Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Chilton, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, UK. Research Complex at Harwell Rutherford, Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0FA, UK. Platform for Drug Discovery, Informatics, and Structural Life Science, Konoe-cho, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26542571" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anion Exchange Protein 1, Erythrocyte/*chemistry/genetics ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Disease/genetics ; Escherichia coli Proteins/chemistry ; Humans ; Membrane Transport Proteins/chemistry ; Mutation ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Protein Structure, Tertiary
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 81
    Publication Date: 2015-05-16
    Description: The centrosome organizes microtubule arrays within animal cells and comprises two centrioles surrounded by an amorphous protein mass called the pericentriolar material (PCM). Despite the importance of centrosomes as microtubule-organizing centers, the mechanism and regulation of PCM assembly are not well understood. In Caenorhabditis elegans, PCM assembly requires the coiled-coil protein SPD-5. We found that recombinant SPD-5 could polymerize to form micrometer-sized porous networks in vitro. Network assembly was accelerated by two conserved regulators that control PCM assembly in vivo, Polo-like kinase-1 and SPD-2/Cep192. Only the assembled SPD-5 networks, and not unassembled SPD-5 protein, functioned as a scaffold for other PCM proteins. Thus, PCM size and binding capacity emerge from the regulated polymerization of one coiled-coil protein to form a porous network.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Woodruff, Jeffrey B -- Wueseke, Oliver -- Viscardi, Valeria -- Mahamid, Julia -- Ochoa, Stacy D -- Bunkenborg, Jakob -- Widlund, Per O -- Pozniakovsky, Andrei -- Zanin, Esther -- Bahmanyar, Shirin -- Zinke, Andrea -- Hong, Sun Hae -- Decker, Marcus -- Baumeister, Wolfgang -- Andersen, Jens S -- Oegema, Karen -- Hyman, Anthony A -- R01-GM074207/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 May 15;348(6236):808-12. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa3923.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstrasse 108, 01307 Dresden, Germany. ; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. ; Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried 82152, Germany. ; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre 2650, Denmark. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. ; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. ; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. ; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. hyman@mpi-cbg.de koegema@ucsd.edu. ; Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstrasse 108, 01307 Dresden, Germany. hyman@mpi-cbg.de koegema@ucsd.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25977552" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Caenorhabditis elegans/*genetics/*metabolism ; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Cell Cycle Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Centrosome/*metabolism/ultrasonography ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; Phosphorylation ; Polymerization ; Protein Binding ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/*metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 82
    Publication Date: 2015-08-08
    Description: The pathological assembly of Abeta, tau, and alpha-synuclein is at the heart of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Extracellular deposits of Abeta and intraneuronal tau inclusions define Alzheimer's disease, whereas intracellular inclusions of alpha-synuclein make up the Lewy pathology of Parkinson's disease. Most cases of disease are sporadic, but some are inherited in a dominant manner. Mutations frequently occur in the genes encoding Abeta, tau, and alpha-synuclein. Overexpression of these mutant proteins can give rise to disease-associated phenotypes. Protein assembly begins in specific regions of the brain during the process of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, from where it spreads to other areas.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goedert, Michel -- U105184291/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Aug 7;349(6248):1255555. doi: 10.1126/science.1255555.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Medical Research Council, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK. mg@mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26250687" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alzheimer Disease/genetics/*metabolism/pathology ; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor/genetics/*metabolism ; Brain/metabolism/pathology ; Humans ; Lewy Bodies/metabolism ; Mutation ; Parkinson Disease/genetics/*metabolism/pathology ; Prion Diseases/*metabolism ; Prions/genetics/*metabolism ; alpha-Synuclein/genetics/*metabolism ; tau Proteins/genetics/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 83
    Publication Date: 2015-10-24
    Description: The relationship between microRNA (miRNA) regulation and the specification of behavior is only beginning to be explored. We found that mutation of a single miRNA locus (miR-iab4/iab8) in Drosophila larvae affects the animal's capacity to correct its orientation if turned upside down (self-righting). One of the miRNA targets involved in this behavior is the Hox gene Ultrabithorax, whose derepression in two metameric neurons leads to self-righting defects. In vivo neural activity analysis reveals that these neurons, the self-righting node (SRN), have different activity patterns in wild type and miRNA mutants, whereas thermogenetic manipulation of SRN activity results in changes in self-righting behavior. Our work thus reveals a miRNA-encoded behavior and suggests that other miRNAs might also be involved in behavioral control in Drosophila and other species.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Picao-Osorio, Joao -- Johnston, Jamie -- Landgraf, Matthias -- Berni, Jimena -- Alonso, Claudio R -- 092986/Z/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 098410/Z/12/Z/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 105568/Z/14/Z/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- BB/I022414/1/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Nov 13;350(6262):815-20. doi: 10.1126/science.aad0217. Epub 2015 Oct 22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Sussex Neuroscience, School of Life Science, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK. ; Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK. ; Sussex Neuroscience, School of Life Science, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK. c.alonso@sussex.ac.uk.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26494171" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Drosophila Proteins/genetics ; Drosophila melanogaster/genetics/*physiology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genetic Loci ; Homeodomain Proteins/genetics ; Larva/genetics/physiology ; MicroRNAs/genetics/*physiology ; Mutation ; Neurons/physiology ; Orientation/*physiology ; Transcription Factors/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 84
    Publication Date: 2015-04-04
    Description: Posttranslational histone modifications are believed to allow the epigenetic transmission of distinct chromatin states, independently of associated DNA sequences. Histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9) methylation is essential for heterochromatin formation; however, a demonstration of its epigenetic heritability is lacking. Fission yeast has a single H3K9 methyltransferase, Clr4, that directs all H3K9 methylation and heterochromatin. Using releasable tethered Clr4 reveals that an active process rapidly erases H3K9 methylation from tethering sites in wild-type cells. However, inactivation of the putative histone demethylase Epe1 allows H3K9 methylation and silent chromatin maintenance at the tethering site through many mitotic divisions, and transgenerationally through meiosis, after release of tethered Clr4. Thus, H3K9 methylation is a heritable epigenetic mark whose transmission is usually countered by its active removal, which prevents the unauthorized inheritance of heterochromatin.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4397586/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4397586/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Audergon, Pauline N C B -- Catania, Sandra -- Kagansky, Alexander -- Tong, Pin -- Shukla, Manu -- Pidoux, Alison L -- Allshire, Robin C -- 092076/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 093852/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 095021/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Apr 3;348(6230):132-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1260638.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology and Institute of Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Max Born Crescent, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, Scotland, UK. ; Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology and Institute of Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Max Born Crescent, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, Scotland, UK. robin.allshire@ed.ac.uk.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25838386" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Cycle Proteins/*metabolism ; *Epigenesis, Genetic ; Heterochromatin/metabolism ; Histones/*metabolism ; Lysine/*metabolism ; Methylation ; Methyltransferases/*metabolism ; Mutation ; Nuclear Proteins/genetics ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational/*genetics ; Schizosaccharomyces/*enzymology/*genetics ; Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins/genetics/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 85
    Publication Date: 2015-04-11
    Description: Mountain gorillas are an endangered great ape subspecies and a prominent focus for conservation, yet we know little about their genomic diversity and evolutionary past. We sequenced whole genomes from multiple wild individuals and compared the genomes of all four Gorilla subspecies. We found that the two eastern subspecies have experienced a prolonged population decline over the past 100,000 years, resulting in very low genetic diversity and an increased overall burden of deleterious variation. A further recent decline in the mountain gorilla population has led to extensive inbreeding, such that individuals are typically homozygous at 34% of their sequence, leading to the purging of severely deleterious recessive mutations from the population. We discuss the causes of their decline and the consequences for their future survival.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4668944/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4668944/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Xue, Yali -- Prado-Martinez, Javier -- Sudmant, Peter H -- Narasimhan, Vagheesh -- Ayub, Qasim -- Szpak, Michal -- Frandsen, Peter -- Chen, Yuan -- Yngvadottir, Bryndis -- Cooper, David N -- de Manuel, Marc -- Hernandez-Rodriguez, Jessica -- Lobon, Irene -- Siegismund, Hans R -- Pagani, Luca -- Quail, Michael A -- Hvilsom, Christina -- Mudakikwa, Antoine -- Eichler, Evan E -- Cranfield, Michael R -- Marques-Bonet, Tomas -- Tyler-Smith, Chris -- Scally, Aylwyn -- 098051/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 099769/Z/12/Z/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 260372/European Research Council/International -- HG002385/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG002385/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Apr 10;348(6231):242-5. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa3952. Epub 2015 Apr 9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK. ; Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC/UPF), Parque de Investigacion Biomedica de Barcelona (PRBB), Barcelona, Catalonia 08003, Spain. ; Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. ; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK. Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0WA, UK. ; Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark. ; Institute of Medical Genetics, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK. ; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK. Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, 40134 Bologna, Italy. ; Research and Conservation, Copenhagen Zoo, DK-2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark. ; Rwanda Development Board, KG 9 Avenue, Kigali, Rwanda. ; Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Seattle, WA 91895, USA. ; Gorilla Doctors, Karen C. Drayer Wildlife Health Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA. ; Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC/UPF), Parque de Investigacion Biomedica de Barcelona (PRBB), Barcelona, Catalonia 08003, Spain. Centro Nacional de Analisis Genomico (Parc Cientific de Barcelona), Baldiri Reixac 4, 08028 Barcelona, Spain. ; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK. cts@sanger.ac.uk aos21@cam.ac.uk. ; Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK. cts@sanger.ac.uk aos21@cam.ac.uk.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25859046" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptation, Physiological ; Animals ; Biological Evolution ; DNA Copy Number Variations ; Democratic Republic of the Congo ; Endangered Species ; Female ; *Genetic Variation ; *Genome ; Gorilla gorilla/classification/*genetics/physiology ; Homozygote ; *Inbreeding ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; Male ; Mutation ; Population Dynamics ; Rwanda ; Selection, Genetic ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Species Specificity ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 86
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-10-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stokstad, Erik -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Oct 16;350(6258):266. doi: 10.1126/science.350.6258.266.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26472889" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chemistry/*trends ; DNA/*chemistry/genetics ; *DNA Repair ; DNA Repair Enzymes/*chemistry ; Mutagenesis ; Mutation ; *Nobel Prize
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 87
    Publication Date: 2015-02-24
    Description: Mutations in sunlight-induced melanoma arise from cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs), DNA photoproducts that are typically created picoseconds after an ultraviolet (UV) photon is absorbed at thymine or cytosine. We found that in melanocytes, CPDs are generated for 〉3 hours after exposure to UVA, a major component of the radiation in sunlight and in tanning beds. These "dark CPDs" constitute the majority of CPDs and include the cytosine-containing CPDs that initiate UV-signature C--〉T mutations. Dark CPDs arise when UV-induced reactive oxygen and nitrogen species combine to excite an electron in fragments of the pigment melanin. This creates a quantum triplet state that has the energy of a UV photon but induces CPDs by energy transfer to DNA in a radiation-independent manner. Melanin may thus be carcinogenic as well as protective against cancer. These findings also validate the long-standing suggestion that chemically generated excited electronic states are relevant to mammalian biology.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4432913/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4432913/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Premi, Sanjay -- Wallisch, Silvia -- Mano, Camila M -- Weiner, Adam B -- Bacchiocchi, Antonella -- Wakamatsu, Kazumasa -- Bechara, Etelvino J H -- Halaban, Ruth -- Douki, Thierry -- Brash, Douglas E -- 2 P50 CA121974/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P30 DK034989/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P30 DK34989/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P50 CA121974/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Feb 20;347(6224):842-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1256022.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. ; Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. Departamento de Bioquimica, Instituto de Quimica, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05513-970 SP, Brazil. ; Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. ; Department of Chemistry, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan. ; Departamento de Bioquimica, Instituto de Quimica, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05513-970 SP, Brazil. Departamento de Ciencias Exatas e da Terra, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Diadema, Sao Paulo 09972-270 SP, Brazil. ; Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. Yale Comprehensive Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. ; INAC/LCIB UMR-E3 CEA-UJF/Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA), 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France. ; Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. Yale Comprehensive Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. douglas.brash@yale.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25700512" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytosine/metabolism ; DNA/chemistry/genetics/*radiation effects ; DNA Damage/*genetics ; Energy Transfer ; Humans ; Melanins/chemistry/*metabolism ; Melanocytes/metabolism/*radiation effects ; Melanoma/*genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mutagenesis ; Mutation ; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced/*genetics ; Photons ; Pyrimidine Dimers/*metabolism ; Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 1/genetics ; Skin Neoplasms/*genetics ; Sunlight/adverse effects ; Thymine/metabolism ; Ultraviolet Rays
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 88
    Publication Date: 2015-04-04
    Description: Mammalian mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) synthesize mitochondrially encoded membrane proteins that are critical for mitochondrial function. Here we present the complete atomic structure of the porcine 55S mitoribosome at 3.8 angstrom resolution by cryo-electron microscopy and chemical cross-linking/mass spectrometry. The structure of the 28S subunit in the complex was resolved at 3.6 angstrom resolution by focused alignment, which allowed building of a detailed atomic structure including all of its 15 mitoribosomal-specific proteins. The structure reveals the intersubunit contacts in the 55S mitoribosome, the molecular architecture of the mitoribosomal messenger RNA (mRNA) binding channel and its interaction with transfer RNAs, and provides insight into the highly specialized mechanism of mRNA recruitment to the 28S subunit. Furthermore, the structure contributes to a mechanistic understanding of aminoglycoside ototoxicity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Greber, Basil J -- Bieri, Philipp -- Leibundgut, Marc -- Leitner, Alexander -- Aebersold, Ruedi -- Boehringer, Daniel -- Ban, Nenad -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Apr 17;348(6232):303-8. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa3872. Epub 2015 Apr 2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Otto-Stern-Weg 5, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. ; Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, Auguste-Piccard-Hof 1, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. ; Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, Auguste-Piccard-Hof 1, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. Faculty of Science, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. ; Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Otto-Stern-Weg 5, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. ban@mol.biol.ethz.ch.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25837512" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aminoglycosides/chemistry ; Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry ; Binding Sites ; GTP-Binding Proteins/chemistry ; Humans ; Mitochondria/*ultrastructure ; Mitochondrial Membranes/ultrastructure ; Mitochondrial Proteins/*biosynthesis/genetics ; Mutation ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; RNA, Messenger/chemistry ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/chemistry ; RNA, Transfer/chemistry ; Ribosomal Proteins/chemistry ; Ribosome Subunits, Large/chemistry/physiology/*ultrastructure ; Swine
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 89
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-04-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stokstad, Erik -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Apr 10;348(6231):170. doi: 10.1126/science.348.6231.170.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25859025" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Bivalvia/genetics ; Cell Lineage ; *Leukemia/genetics ; Mutation ; *Retroelements
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 90
    Publication Date: 2015-07-25
    Description: Development of the cerebral cortex is influenced by sensory experience during distinct phases of postnatal development known as critical periods. Disruption of experience during a critical period produces neurons that lack specificity for particular stimulus features, such as location in the somatosensory system. Synaptic plasticity is the agent by which sensory experience affects cortical development. Here, we describe, in mice, a developmental critical period that affects plasticity itself. Transient neonatal disruption of signaling via the C-terminal domain of "disrupted in schizophrenia 1" (DISC1)-a molecule implicated in psychiatric disorders-resulted in a lack of long-term potentiation (LTP) (persistent strengthening of synapses) and experience-dependent potentiation in adulthood. Long-term depression (LTD) (selective weakening of specific sets of synapses) and reversal of LTD were present, although impaired, in adolescence and absent in adulthood. These changes may form the basis for the cognitive deficits associated with mutations in DISC1 and the delayed onset of a range of psychiatric symptoms in late adolescence.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Greenhill, Stuart D -- Juczewski, Konrad -- de Haan, Annelies M -- Seaton, Gillian -- Fox, Kevin -- Hardingham, Neil R -- Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jul 24;349(6246):424-7. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa8481.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF23 3AX, UK. ; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Rockville, MD 20852, USA. ; School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF23 3AX, UK. sbinrh@cardiff.ac.uk.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26206934" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age of Onset ; Animals ; Cerebral Cortex/*growth & development/physiopathology ; Cognition Disorders/genetics/physiopathology ; Long-Term Potentiation/drug effects/*genetics ; Mental Disorders/*genetics/physiopathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Transgenic ; Mutation ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/*genetics ; Neuronal Plasticity/drug effects/*genetics ; Synapses/drug effects/physiology ; Tamoxifen/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 91
    Publication Date: 2015-12-15
    Description: Release of promoter-proximal paused RNA polymerase II (Pol II) during early elongation is a critical step in transcriptional regulation in metazoan cells. Paused Pol II release is thought to require the kinase activity of cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) for the phosphorylation of DRB sensitivity-inducing factor, negative elongation factor, and C-terminal domain (CTD) serine-2 of Pol II. We found that Pol II-associated factor 1 (PAF1) is a critical regulator of paused Pol II release, that positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb) directly regulates the initial recruitment of PAF1 complex (PAF1C) to genes, and that the subsequent recruitment of CDK12 is dependent on PAF1C. These findings reveal cooperativity among P-TEFb, PAF1C, and CDK12 in pausing release and Pol II CTD phosphorylation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yu, Ming -- Yang, Wenjing -- Ni, Ting -- Tang, Zhanyun -- Nakadai, Tomoyoshi -- Zhu, Jun -- Roeder, Robert G -- Intramural NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Dec 11;350(6266):1383-6. doi: 10.1126/science.aad2338.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA. ; Systems Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P.R. China. ; Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA. roeder@rockefeller.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26659056" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Line, Tumor ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 9/metabolism ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinases/metabolism ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Nuclear Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Positive Transcriptional Elongation Factor B/metabolism ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; RNA Polymerase II/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; *Transcription Elongation, Genetic ; Transcription Factors/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 92
    Publication Date: 2015-01-24
    Description: The root meristem consists of populations of distal and proximal stem cells and an organizing center known as the quiescent center. During embryogenesis, initiation of the root meristem occurs when an asymmetric cell division of the hypophysis forms the distal stem cells and quiescent center. We have identified NO TRANSMITTING TRACT (NTT) and two closely related paralogs as being required for the initiation of the root meristem. All three genes are expressed in the hypophysis, and their expression is dependent on the auxin-signaling pathway. Expression of these genes is necessary for distal stem cell fate within the root meristem, whereas misexpression is sufficient to transform other stem cell populations to a distal stem cell fate in both the embryo and mature roots.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Crawford, Brian C W -- Sewell, Jared -- Golembeski, Greg -- Roshan, Carmel -- Long, Jeff A -- Yanofsky, Martin F -- 5 R01 GM072764/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM072764/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Feb 6;347(6222):655-9. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa0196. Epub 2015 Jan 22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. ; Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. ; Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. marty@ucsd.edu jeffalong@ucla.edu. ; Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. marty@ucsd.edu jeffalong@ucla.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25612610" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arabidopsis/embryology/genetics ; Arabidopsis Proteins/genetics/*physiology ; *Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; *Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Indoleacetic Acids/pharmacology ; Meristem/cytology/*embryology ; Mutation ; Plant Development/*genetics ; Stem Cells/cytology/drug effects/*physiology ; Transcription Factors/genetics/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 93
    Publication Date: 2015-09-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zahn, Laura M -- Travis, John -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Sep 25;349(6255):1470-1. doi: 10.1126/science.349.6255.1470.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26404821" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *DNA Mutational Analysis ; Disease/*genetics ; Great Britain ; Humans ; Mutation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 94
    Publication Date: 2015-11-21
    Description: Eukaryotic cells coordinate growth with the availability of nutrients through the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), a master growth regulator. Leucine is of particular importance and activates mTORC1 via the Rag guanosine triphosphatases and their regulators GATOR1 and GATOR2. Sestrin2 interacts with GATOR2 and is a leucine sensor. Here we present the 2.7 angstrom crystal structure of Sestrin2 in complex with leucine. Leucine binds through a single pocket that coordinates its charged functional groups and confers specificity for the hydrophobic side chain. A loop encloses leucine and forms a lid-latch mechanism required for binding. A structure-guided mutation in Sestrin2 that decreases its affinity for leucine leads to a concomitant increase in the leucine concentration required for mTORC1 activation in cells. These results provide a structural mechanism of amino acid sensing by the mTORC1 pathway.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4698039/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4698039/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Saxton, Robert A -- Knockenhauer, Kevin E -- Wolfson, Rachel L -- Chantranupong, Lynne -- Pacold, Michael E -- Wang, Tim -- Schwartz, Thomas U -- Sabatini, David M -- AI47389/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- F30 CA189333/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- F31 CA180271/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- F31 CA189437/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P41 GM103403/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI047389/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA103866/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01CA103866/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- S10 RR029205/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM007753/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- T32GM007287/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Jan 1;351(6268):53-8. doi: 10.1126/science.aad2087. Epub 2015 Nov 19.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 9 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biology, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. ; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. ; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 9 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biology, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. sabatini@wi.mit.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26586190" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Binding Sites ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Leucine/*chemistry/metabolism ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Multiprotein Complexes/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Mutation ; Nuclear Proteins/*chemistry/metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 95
    Publication Date: 2015-05-20
    Description: Reproduction through sex carries substantial costs, mainly because only half of sexual adults produce offspring. It has been theorized that these costs could be countered if sex allows sexual selection to clear the universal fitness constraint of mutation load. Under sexual selection, competition between (usually) males and mate choice by (usually) females create important intraspecific filters for reproductive success, so that only a subset of males gains paternity. If reproductive success under sexual selection is dependent on individual condition, which is contingent to mutation load, then sexually selected filtering through 'genic capture' could offset the costs of sex because it provides genetic benefits to populations. Here we test this theory experimentally by comparing whether populations with histories of strong versus weak sexual selection purge mutation load and resist extinction differently. After evolving replicate populations of the flour beetle Tribolium castaneum for 6 to 7 years under conditions that differed solely in the strengths of sexual selection, we revealed mutation load using inbreeding. Lineages from populations that had previously experienced strong sexual selection were resilient to extinction and maintained fitness under inbreeding, with some families continuing to survive after 20 generations of sib x sib mating. By contrast, lineages derived from populations that experienced weak or non-existent sexual selection showed rapid fitness declines under inbreeding, and all were extinct after generation 10. Multiple mutations across the genome with individually small effects can be difficult to clear, yet sum to a significant fitness load; our findings reveal that sexual selection reduces this load, improving population viability in the face of genetic stress.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lumley, Alyson J -- Michalczyk, Lukasz -- Kitson, James J N -- Spurgin, Lewis G -- Morrison, Catriona A -- Godwin, Joanne L -- Dickinson, Matthew E -- Martin, Oliver Y -- Emerson, Brent C -- Chapman, Tracey -- Gage, Matthew J G -- England -- Nature. 2015 Jun 25;522(7557):470-3. doi: 10.1038/nature14419. Epub 2015 May 18.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK. ; Department of Entomology, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Krakow, Poland. ; ETH Zurich, Institute of Integrative Biology, D-USYS, Universitatsstrasse 16, CHN J 11, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland. ; Island Ecology and Evolution Research Group, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiologia (IPNA-CSIC), C/Astrofisico Francisco Sanchez 3, 38206 San Cristobal de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25985178" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Evolution ; *Extinction, Biological ; Female ; Genetic Fitness/genetics/*physiology ; Inbreeding ; Male ; Mating Preference, Animal/*physiology ; Mutation ; Reproduction/genetics ; Selection, Genetic/genetics/physiology ; Tribolium/genetics/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 96
    Publication Date: 2015-08-08
    Description: The hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) coordinate cellular adaptations to low oxygen stress by regulating transcriptional programs in erythropoiesis, angiogenesis and metabolism. These programs promote the growth and progression of many tumours, making HIFs attractive anticancer targets. Transcriptionally active HIFs consist of HIF-alpha and ARNT (also called HIF-1beta) subunits. Here we describe crystal structures for each of mouse HIF-2alpha-ARNT and HIF-1alpha-ARNT heterodimers in states that include bound small molecules and their hypoxia response element. A highly integrated quaternary architecture is shared by HIF-2alpha-ARNT and HIF-1alpha-ARNT, wherein ARNT spirals around the outside of each HIF-alpha subunit. Five distinct pockets are observed that permit small-molecule binding, including PAS domain encapsulated sites and an interfacial cavity formed through subunit heterodimerization. The DNA-reading head rotates, extends and cooperates with a distal PAS domain to bind hypoxia response elements. HIF-alpha mutations linked to human cancers map to sensitive sites that establish DNA binding and the stability of PAS domains and pockets.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wu, Dalei -- Potluri, Nalini -- Lu, Jingping -- Kim, Youngchang -- Rastinejad, Fraydoon -- England -- Nature. 2015 Aug 20;524(7565):303-8. doi: 10.1038/nature14883. Epub 2015 Aug 5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Metabolic Disease Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, Florida 32827, USA. ; Structural Biology Center, Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26245371" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: ARNTL Transcription Factors/chemistry/metabolism ; Animals ; Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Nuclear Translocator/*chemistry/metabolism ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/*chemistry/metabolism ; Binding Sites ; CLOCK Proteins/chemistry/metabolism ; Cell Hypoxia/genetics ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; DNA/chemistry/metabolism ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/*chemistry/metabolism ; Mice ; Models, Molecular ; Mutation/genetics ; Neoplasms/genetics ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Multimerization ; Protein Structure, Quaternary ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Response Elements/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 97
    Publication Date: 2015-07-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cyranoski, David -- England -- Nature. 2015 Jul 2;523(7558):13-4. doi: 10.1038/523013a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26135425" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Animals, Genetically Modified ; Gene Knockout Techniques ; Korea ; Meat ; Muscle, Skeletal/*growth & development ; Mutation ; Myostatin/genetics ; Swine
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 98
    Publication Date: 2015-12-18
    Description: Variant rs351855-G/A is a commonly occurring single-nucleotide polymorphism of coding regions in exon 9 of the fibroblast growth factor receptor FGFR4 (CD334) gene (c.1162G〉A). It results in an amino-acid change at codon 388 from glycine to arginine (p.Gly388Arg) in the transmembrane domain of the receptor. Despite compelling genetic evidence for the association of this common variant with cancers of the bone, breast, colon, prostate, skin, lung, head and neck, as well as soft-tissue sarcomas and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, the underlying biological mechanism has remained elusive. Here we show that substitution of the conserved glycine 388 residue to a charged arginine residue alters the transmembrane spanning segment and exposes a membrane-proximal cytoplasmic signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) binding site Y(390)-(P)XXQ(393). We demonstrate that such membrane-proximal STAT3 binding motifs in the germline of type I membrane receptors enhance STAT3 tyrosine phosphorylation by recruiting STAT3 proteins to the inner cell membrane. Remarkably, such germline variants frequently co-localize with somatic mutations in the Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC) database. Using Fgfr4 single nucleotide polymorphism knock-in mice and transgenic mouse models for breast and lung cancers, we validate the enhanced STAT3 signalling induced by the FGFR4 Arg388-variant in vivo. Thus, our findings elucidate the molecular mechanism behind the genetic association of rs351855 with accelerated cancer progression and suggest that germline variants of cell-surface molecules that recruit STAT3 to the inner cell membrane are a significant risk for cancer prognosis and disease progression.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ulaganathan, Vijay K -- Sperl, Bianca -- Rapp, Ulf R -- Ullrich, Axel -- HL-102923/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL-102924/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL-102925/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL-102926/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL-103010/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2015 Dec 24;528(7583):570-4. doi: 10.1038/nature16449. Epub 2015 Dec 16.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Max Planck Institute for Biochemistry, Department of Molecular Biology, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried. Germany. ; Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Molecular Mechanisms of Lung Cancer, Parkstrasse 1, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26675719" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Motifs/genetics ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Binding Sites/genetics ; Breast Neoplasms/genetics/metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cell Membrane/*metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Disease Progression ; Exons/genetics ; Female ; Gene Knock-In Techniques ; *Germ-Line Mutation ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/genetics/metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phosphorylation ; Phosphotyrosine/metabolism ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics ; Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 4/chemistry/*genetics/*metabolism ; STAT3 Transcription Factor/*metabolism ; Signal Transduction
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 99
    Publication Date: 2015-07-15
    Description: Cell division requires the precise coordination of chromosome segregation and cytokinesis. This coordination is achieved by the recruitment of an actomyosin regulator, Ect2, to overlapping microtubules at the centre of the elongating anaphase spindle. Ect2 then signals to the overlying cortex to promote the assembly and constriction of an actomyosin ring between segregating chromosomes. Here, by studying division in proliferating Drosophila and human cells, we demonstrate the existence of a second, parallel signalling pathway, which triggers the relaxation of the polar cell cortex at mid anaphase. This is independent of furrow formation, centrosomes and microtubules and, instead, depends on PP1 phosphatase and its regulatory subunit Sds22 (refs 2, 3). As separating chromosomes move towards the polar cortex at mid anaphase, kinetochore-localized PP1-Sds22 helps to break cortical symmetry by inducing the dephosphorylation and inactivation of ezrin/radixin/moesin proteins at cell poles. This promotes local softening of the cortex, facilitating anaphase elongation and orderly cell division. In summary, this identifies a conserved kinetochore-based phosphatase signal and substrate, which function together to link anaphase chromosome movements to cortical polarization, thereby coupling chromosome segregation to cell division.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rodrigues, Nelio T L -- Lekomtsev, Sergey -- Jananji, Silvana -- Kriston-Vizi, Janos -- Hickson, Gilles R X -- Baum, Buzz -- BB/K009001/1/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom -- Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada -- England -- Nature. 2015 Aug 27;524(7566):489-92. doi: 10.1038/nature14496. Epub 2015 Jul 13.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK. ; Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Center, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1C5, Canada. ; Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada. ; Institute for the Physics of Living Systems, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK. ; CelTisPhyBio Labex, Institut Curie, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26168397" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Actins/metabolism ; Anaphase ; Animals ; Cell Polarity ; Centrosome/metabolism ; Chromatin/metabolism ; *Chromosome Segregation ; Cytoskeletal Proteins/metabolism ; Drosophila melanogaster/*cytology/enzymology/genetics/metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Kinetochores/enzymology/*metabolism ; Male ; Membrane Proteins/metabolism ; Microfilament Proteins/metabolism ; Microtubules/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Phosphatase 1/*metabolism ; Signal Transduction
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 100
    Publication Date: 2015-08-20
    Description: In the mammalian retina, processes of approximately 70 types of interneurons form specific synapses on roughly 30 types of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in a neuropil called the inner plexiform layer. Each RGC type extracts salient features from visual input, which are sent deeper into the brain for further processing. The specificity and stereotypy of synapses formed in the inner plexiform layer account for the feature-detecting ability of RGCs. Here we analyse the development and function of synapses on one mouse RGC type, called the W3B-RGC. These cells have the remarkable property of responding when the timing of the movement of a small object differs from that of the background, but not when they coincide. Such cells, known as local edge detectors or object motion sensors, can distinguish moving objects from a visual scene that is also moving. We show that W3B-RGCs receive strong and selective input from an unusual excitatory amacrine cell type known as VG3-AC (vesicular glutamate transporter 3). Both W3B-RGCs and VG3-ACs express the immunoglobulin superfamily recognition molecule sidekick 2 (Sdk2), and both loss- and gain-of-function studies indicate that Sdk2-dependent homophilic interactions are necessary for the selectivity of the connection. The Sdk2-specified synapse is essential for visual responses of W3B-RGCs: whereas bipolar cells relay visual input directly to most RGCs, the W3B-RGCs receive much of their input indirectly, via the VG3-ACs. This non-canonical circuit introduces a delay into the pathway from photoreceptors in the centre of the receptive field to W3B-RGCs, which could improve their ability to judge the synchrony of local and global motion.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4552609/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4552609/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Krishnaswamy, Arjun -- Yamagata, Masahito -- Duan, Xin -- Hong, Y Kate -- Sanes, Joshua R -- EY022073/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- F31 NS055488/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS029169/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 EY022073/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R37 NS029169/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2015 Aug 27;524(7566):466-70. doi: 10.1038/nature14682. Epub 2015 Aug 19.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26287463" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amacrine Cells/cytology/physiology ; Animals ; Female ; Immunoglobulin G/genetics/*metabolism ; Male ; Membrane Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Mice ; Motion ; Motion Perception/*physiology ; Mutation ; Retinal Ganglion Cells/*cytology/*physiology ; Synapses/genetics/metabolism ; Visual Pathways/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...