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  • 1
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    Arginine methylation of hnRNPK negatively modulates apoptosis upon DNA damage through local regulation of phosphorylation (2014)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-09-02
    Description: Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNPK) is an RNA/DNA-binding protein involved in chromatin remodeling, RNA processing and the DNA damage response. In addition, increased hnRNPK expression has been associated with tumor development and progression. A variety of post-translational modifications of hnRNPK have been identified and shown to regulate hnRNPK function, including phosphorylation, ubiquitination, sumoylation and methylation. However, the functional significance of hnRNPK arginine methylation remains unclear. In the present study, we demonstrated that the methylation of two essential arginines, Arg296 and Arg299, on hnRNPK inhibited a nearby Ser302 phosphorylation that was mediated through the pro-apoptotic kinase PKC. Notably, the engineered U2OS cells carrying an Arg296/Arg299 methylation-defective hnRNPK mutant exhibited increased apoptosis upon DNA damage. While such elevated apoptosis can be diminished through addition with wild-type hnRNPK, we further demonstrated that this increased apoptosis occurred through both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways and was p53 independent, at least in part. Here, we provide the first evidence that the arginine methylation of hnRNPK negatively regulates cell apoptosis through PKC-mediated signaling during DNA damage, which is essential for the anti-apoptotic role of hnRNPK in apoptosis and the evasion of apoptosis in cancer cells.
    Print ISSN: 0305-1048
    Electronic ISSN: 1362-4962
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 2
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    Numerical study on extracting energy efficiency by autorotation of elliptic cylinder from low velocity flow (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-07-31
    Description: A new concept of power generator using autorotation of elliptic cylinder to extract energy from fluid is proposed in the present study. Numerical simulation studies Fluid-Structure Interaction of the fixed-axis autorotation of rigid elliptic cylinder using a coupled Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) – Rigid Body Dynamics (RBD) solver. This solver requires no solid mesh to setup FSI (Fluid Structure Interaction) simulation. Based on solving two-dimensional unsteady incompressible N-S equations and SST k - ω turbulent governing equations, the power generator of elliptic cylinder was investigated in different axis rations, eccentric distance ratios and Reynolds number conditions. Numerical results reveal that autorotation of elliptic cylinder can achieve energy extraction. With optimal parameters, the power generator can reach maximum energy extraction efficiency of 34%. The investigation results provided fundamental support for utilization of ocean current energy.
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
    Electronic ISSN: 1755-1315
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 3
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    Interleukin-22 promotes intestinal-stem-cell-mediated epithelial regeneration (2015)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-12-10
    Description: Epithelial regeneration is critical for barrier maintenance and organ function after intestinal injury. The intestinal stem cell (ISC) niche provides Wnt, Notch and epidermal growth factor (EGF) signals supporting Lgr5(+) crypt base columnar ISCs for normal epithelial maintenance. However, little is known about the regulation of the ISC compartment after tissue damage. Using ex vivo organoid cultures, here we show that innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), potent producers of interleukin-22 (IL-22) after intestinal injury, increase the growth of mouse small intestine organoids in an IL-22-dependent fashion. Recombinant IL-22 directly targeted ISCs, augmenting the growth of both mouse and human intestinal organoids, increasing proliferation and promoting ISC expansion. IL-22 induced STAT3 phosphorylation in Lgr5(+) ISCs, and STAT3 was crucial for both organoid formation and IL-22-mediated regeneration. Treatment with IL-22 in vivo after mouse allogeneic bone marrow transplantation enhanced the recovery of ISCs, increased epithelial regeneration and reduced intestinal pathology and mortality from graft-versus-host disease. ATOH1-deficient organoid culture demonstrated that IL-22 induced epithelial regeneration independently of the Paneth cell niche. Our findings reveal a fundamental mechanism by which the immune system is able to support the intestinal epithelium, activating ISCs to promote regeneration.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4720437/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4720437/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lindemans, Caroline A -- Calafiore, Marco -- Mertelsmann, Anna M -- O'Connor, Margaret H -- Dudakov, Jarrod A -- Jenq, Robert R -- Velardi, Enrico -- Young, Lauren F -- Smith, Odette M -- Lawrence, Gillian -- Ivanov, Juliet A -- Fu, Ya-Yuan -- Takashima, Shuichiro -- Hua, Guoqiang -- Martin, Maria L -- O'Rourke, Kevin P -- Lo, Yuan-Hung -- Mokry, Michal -- Romera-Hernandez, Monica -- Cupedo, Tom -- Dow, Lukas E -- Nieuwenhuis, Edward E -- Shroyer, Noah F -- Liu, Chen -- Kolesnick, Richard -- van den Brink, Marcel R M -- Hanash, Alan M -- HHSN272200900059C/PHS HHS/ -- K08 HL115355/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- K08-HL115355/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- K99 CA176376/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- K99-CA176376/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P01 CA023766/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P01-CA023766/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P30 CA008748/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P30-CA008748/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI080455/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI100288/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI101406/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL069929/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL125571/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01-AI080455/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01-AI100288/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01-AI101406/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01-HL069929/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01-HL125571/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- U19 AI116497/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2015 Dec 24;528(7583):560-4. doi: 10.1038/nature16460. Epub 2015 Dec 9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA. ; Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 AB Utrecht, The Netherlands. ; Department of Immunology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA. ; Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Australia. ; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10021, USA. ; Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA. ; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA. ; Department of Cancer Biology &Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA. ; Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA. ; Department of Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands. ; Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida 32610, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26649819" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Epithelial Cells/*cytology/immunology/pathology ; Female ; Graft vs Host Disease/pathology ; Humans ; Immunity, Mucosal ; Interleukins/deficiency/*immunology ; Intestinal Mucosa/*cytology/immunology/pathology ; Intestine, Small/*cytology/immunology/pathology ; Mice ; Organoids/cytology/growth & development/immunology ; Paneth Cells/cytology ; Phosphorylation ; *Regeneration ; STAT3 Transcription Factor/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Stem Cell Niche ; Stem Cells/*cytology/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 4
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    A LIMA1 variant promotes low plasma LDL cholesterol and decreases intestinal cholesterol absorption (2018)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-08
    Description: A high concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Although LDL-C levels vary among humans and are heritable, the genetic factors affecting LDL-C are not fully characterized. We identified a rare frameshift variant in the LIMA1 (also known as EPLIN or SREBP3 ) gene from a Chinese family of Kazakh ethnicity with inherited low LDL-C and reduced cholesterol absorption. In a mouse model, LIMA1 was mainly expressed in the small intestine and localized on the brush border membrane. LIMA1 bridged NPC1L1, an essential protein for cholesterol absorption, to a transportation complex containing myosin Vb and facilitated cholesterol uptake. Similar to the human phenotype, Lima1 -deficient mice displayed reduced cholesterol absorption and were resistant to diet-induced hypercholesterolemia. Through our study of both mice and humans, we identify LIMA1 as a key protein regulating intestinal cholesterol absorption.
    Keywords: Genetics, Medicine, Diseases
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Near-field coupling effect in normal-incidence absorption of quantum-well infrared photodetectors (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 85 (1999), S. 1237-1239 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Experiments have shown a significant photoresponsivity in quantum well (QW) infrared photodetectors (QWIP) with normal incidence without optical grating. Different explanations based on the energy band structures have been given, but no concrete conclusions can be drawn at the present stage. We develop a theory based on the optical near-field effect in the QW active region to explain the observed photoresponsivity in the normal incidence condition. Our theory indicates that the near-field effect results in an evanescent wave which induces a nonzero electrical component in the optical field along the QWIP growth direction in the quantum well region inducing the observed photoresponsivity. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.370033
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 6
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    Analysis of vertical alignment and bending of crystalline α-Fe2O3 nanowires using normal and grazing incidence x-ray diffraction intensities (2007)
    American Institute of Physics
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-03-15
    Print ISSN: 0021-8979
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7550
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics
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  • 7
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    Maxent modelling for predicting climate change effects on the potential planting area of tuber mustard in China (2019)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: 〈div data-abstract-type="normal"〉〈p〉Potential planting area for tuber mustard was simulated using the Maxent model under current and future conditions based on 591 coordinates and 22 environmental layers. Model accuracy was excellent, with area under the receiving operator curve values of 0.967 and 0.958 for model training and testing, respectively. Dominant factors were mean diurnal range, mean temperature of the coldest quarter, annual mean temperature and minimum temperature of the coldest month, with thresholds of 6.5–7.5, 5.5–9, 16–19 and 2.0–6.5 °C, respectively. Under current conditions, suitable habitat areas (2.16% of total land in China) were concentrated mainly in Central, Southwest and East China, which can be defined as three occurrence and diffusion centres. In the 2050s and 2070s, suitable habitat areas are predicted to change to 3.72 and 3.92%, and 3.60 and 3.73% under scenarios RCP4.5 and RCP6.0, respectively, indicating that suitable habitat areas will increase slightly. However, future distribution of tuber mustard was predicted to differ among provinces or cities, i.e. predicted suitable habitat areas in Sichuan Province increased up to the 2050s but remained relatively unchanged between the 2050s and 2070s; in Chongqing city they first increased and then decreased; in Hunan, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Fujian Provinces they increased continuously; and in Guizhou, Hubei, Jiangxi Provinces and Shanghai city they first decreased, and then increased. The results from the current study provide useful information for management decisions of tuber mustard.〈/p〉〈/div〉
    Print ISSN: 0021-8596
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-5146
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Cambridge University Press
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  • 8
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    Brilliant and tunable color of carbon-coated thin anodic aluminum oxide films (2007)
    American Institute of Physics
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-07-02
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics
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  • 9
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    Comparison of the interfacial and electrical properties of HfAlO films on Ge with S and GeO2 passivation (2011)
    American Institute of Physics
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-04-18
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics
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  • 10
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    Odd-even staggering of binding energy for nuclei in the sd shell (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-08-11
    Description: Author(s): G. J. Fu, Y. Y. Cheng, H. Jiang, Y. M. Zhao, and A. Arima In this paper we study odd-even staggering phenomena of binding energy in the framework of the nuclear shell model for nuclei in the s d shell. We decompose the USDB effective interaction into the monopole interaction and multipole (residual) interactions. We extract the empirical proton-neutron inte… [Phys. Rev. C 94, 024312] Published Tue Aug 09, 2016
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
    Print ISSN: 0556-2813
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-490X
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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