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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2014-09-26
    Description: In this work, we investigate the microstructure evolution of surface-nanocrystallized reduced activation ferrite/martensite steels upon high-dose helium ion irradiation (24.3 dpa). We report a significant irradiation-induced grain growth in the irradiated buried layer at a depth of 300–500 nm, rather than at the peak damage region (at a depth of ∼840 nm). This phenomenon can be explained by the thermal spike model: minimization of the grain boundary (GB) curvature resulting from atomic diffusion in the cascade center near GBs.
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2015-11-03
    Description: Ever since Stephen Paget's 1889 hypothesis, metastatic organotropism has remained one of cancer's greatest mysteries. Here we demonstrate that exosomes from mouse and human lung-, liver- and brain-tropic tumour cells fuse preferentially with resident cells at their predicted destination, namely lung fibroblasts and epithelial cells, liver Kupffer cells and brain endothelial cells. We show that tumour-derived exosomes uptaken by organ-specific cells prepare the pre-metastatic niche. Treatment with exosomes from lung-tropic models redirected the metastasis of bone-tropic tumour cells. Exosome proteomics revealed distinct integrin expression patterns, in which the exosomal integrins alpha6beta4 and alpha6beta1 were associated with lung metastasis, while exosomal integrin alphavbeta5 was linked to liver metastasis. Targeting the integrins alpha6beta4 and alphavbeta5 decreased exosome uptake, as well as lung and liver metastasis, respectively. We demonstrate that exosome integrin uptake by resident cells activates Src phosphorylation and pro-inflammatory S100 gene expression. Finally, our clinical data indicate that exosomal integrins could be used to predict organ-specific metastasis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hoshino, Ayuko -- Costa-Silva, Bruno -- Shen, Tang-Long -- Rodrigues, Goncalo -- Hashimoto, Ayako -- Tesic Mark, Milica -- Molina, Henrik -- Kohsaka, Shinji -- Di Giannatale, Angela -- Ceder, Sophia -- Singh, Swarnima -- Williams, Caitlin -- Soplop, Nadine -- Uryu, Kunihiro -- Pharmer, Lindsay -- King, Tari -- Bojmar, Linda -- Davies, Alexander E -- Ararso, Yonathan -- Zhang, Tuo -- Zhang, Haiying -- Hernandez, Jonathan -- Weiss, Joshua M -- Dumont-Cole, Vanessa D -- Kramer, Kimberly -- Wexler, Leonard H -- Narendran, Aru -- Schwartz, Gary K -- Healey, John H -- Sandstrom, Per -- Labori, Knut Jorgen -- Kure, Elin H -- Grandgenett, Paul M -- Hollingsworth, Michael A -- de Sousa, Maria -- Kaur, Sukhwinder -- Jain, Maneesh -- Mallya, Kavita -- Batra, Surinder K -- Jarnagin, William R -- Brady, Mary S -- Fodstad, Oystein -- Muller, Volkmar -- Pantel, Klaus -- Minn, Andy J -- Bissell, Mina J -- Garcia, Benjamin A -- Kang, Yibin -- Rajasekhar, Vinagolu K -- Ghajar, Cyrus M -- Matei, Irina -- Peinado, Hector -- Bromberg, Jacqueline -- Lyden, David -- R01 CA169416/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01-CA169416/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- U01 CA169538/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- U01-CA169538/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2015 Nov 19;527(7578):329-35. doi: 10.1038/nature15756. Epub 2015 Oct 28.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10021, USA. ; Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology and Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. ; Graduate Program in Areas of Basic and Applied Biology, Abel Salazar Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of Porto, 4099-003 Porto, Portugal. ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan. ; Proteomics Resource Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA. ; Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA. ; Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden. ; Electron Microscopy Resource Center (EMRC), Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA. ; Breast Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, 10065, USA. ; Department of Surgery, County Council of Ostergotland, and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linkoping University, 58185 Linkoping, Sweden. ; Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. ; Genomics Resources Core Facility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10021, USA. ; Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA. ; Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA. ; Division of Pediatric Oncology, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Alberta T3B 6A8, Canada. ; Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10032, USA. ; Orthopaedic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA. ; Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Nydalen, Oslo 0424, Norway. ; Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Nydalen, Oslo 0424, Norway. ; Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, USA. ; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, USA. ; Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA. ; Department of Tumor Biology, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Nydalen, Oslo 0424, Norway. ; Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Blindern, Oslo 0318, Norway. ; Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany. ; Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany. ; Department of Radiation Oncology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA. ; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA. ; Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA. ; Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, USA. ; Breast Medicine Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA. ; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA. ; Microenvironment and Metastasis Laboratory, Department of Molecular Oncology, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid 28029, Spain. ; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA. ; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10021, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26524530" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biomarkers/metabolism ; Brain/cytology/*metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Endothelial Cells/cytology/metabolism ; Epithelial Cells/cytology/metabolism ; Exosomes/*metabolism ; Female ; Fibroblasts/cytology/metabolism ; Genes, src ; Humans ; Integrin alpha6beta1/metabolism ; Integrin alpha6beta4/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Integrin beta Chains/metabolism ; Integrin beta4/metabolism ; Integrins/antagonists & inhibitors/*metabolism ; Kupffer Cells/cytology/metabolism ; Liver/cytology/*metabolism ; Lung/cytology/*metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Neoplasm Metastasis/*pathology/*prevention & control ; Organ Specificity ; Phosphorylation ; Receptors, Vitronectin/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; S100 Proteins/genetics ; *Tropism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Chemical Physics Letters 191 (1992), S. 149-156 
    ISSN: 0009-2614
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 74 (1993), S. 3447-3450 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The barrier height of Au/InP was measured at various temperatures from Franz–Kelydsh oscillations (FKO) of photoreflectance spectroscopy. It appears that the photoinduced voltage can not be neglected especially at low temperature. The presently observed barrier height temperature dependence confirms the theory of Hecht [M. Hecht, Phys. Rev. B 41, 7918 (1990)]. Also, the mixture between FKO and E0+Δ0 oscillations was observed. The degree of mixture varies with temperature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 83 (1998), S. 476-479 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The electroreflectance (ER) spectra of an undoped-n+ type doped GaAs has been measured at various amplitudes of modulating fields (δF). Many Franz–Keldysh oscillations were observed above the band gap energy, thus enabling the electric field (F) in the undoped layer to be determined. The F is obtained by applying fast Fourier transformation to the ER spectra. When δF is small, the power spectrum can be clearly resolved into two peaks, which corresponds to heavy- and light-hole transitions. When δF is less than ∼1/8 of the built-in field (Fbi∼77 420 V/cm), the F deduced from the ER is almost independent of δF. However, when larger than this, F is increased with δF. Also, when δF is increased to larger than ∼1/8 of Fbi, a shoulder appears on the right side of the heavy-hole peak of the power spectrum. The separation between the main peak and the shoulder of the heavy-hole peak becomes wider as δF becomes larger. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 80 (1996), S. 6980-6983 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The photoreflectance (PR) spectroscopy of a δ-doped GaAs film has been measured at 300 K. Results reveal many Franz–Keldysh oscillations (FKOs) above the band-gap energy, which will enable the electric-field strength to be determined from the periods of FKOs. Since the photovoltaic effect cannot be neglected in PR measurements when using light as both the pumping and probing beams, it is generally assumed that the modulation field δF is much smaller than the built-in field F so that the periods of the FKOs will not be affected by the pumping beam. However, the induced photovoltage can be over 2/3 of Fermi level at low temperatures and cannot be neglected even at room temperature. Hence, the finite value of δF needs to be taken into consideration. The effect of δF on the shapes of PR is discussed, and it is shown that the FKOs of PR oscillate at a frequency corresponding to F−δF/2. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 82 (1997), S. 3089-3091 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The electroreflectance spectra of surface-intrinsic- n+-type-doped GaAs were measured at various bias voltages (Vbias). Results revealed many Franz–Keldysh oscillations (FKOs) above the band-gap energy, which have been attributed to a uniform electric field (F) in the undoped layer below the surface. However, there has been no other evidence for the uniformity of F in the undoped layer. Since it is known that F can be deduced from the periods of the FKOs, the relations between F and Vbias can, thereby, be obtained. The nearly linear relation, thus found, confirms the existence of a nearly uniform field in the undoped layer. From the plot of F against Vbias,the values of the thickness of the undoped layer and the barrier height can also be evaluated. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 1996-12-15
    Print ISSN: 0021-8979
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7550
    Topics: Physics
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2014-09-22
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2014-11-21
    Description: Activation of volume-sensitive outwardly rectifying chloride channel by ROS contributes to ER stress and cardiac contractile dysfunction: involvement of CHOP through Wnt Cell Death and Disease 5, e1528 (November 2014). doi:10.1038/cddis.2014.479 Authors: M Shen, L Wang, B Wang, T Wang, G Yang, L Shen, T Wang, X Guo, Y Liu, Y Xia, L Jia & X Wang
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-4889
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer Nature
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