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  • Female  (199)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (199)
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  • 2015-2019  (199)
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  • 1
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-12-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Reczek, Colleen R -- Chandel, Navdeep S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Dec 11;350(6266):1317-8. doi: 10.1126/science.aad8671.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medicine and Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. ; Department of Medicine and Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. nav@northwestern.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26659042" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Ascorbic Acid/*therapeutic use ; Colorectal Neoplasms/*drug therapy/*genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/*genetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf/*genetics ; ras Proteins/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-04-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bernstein, Rachel -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Apr 17;348(6232):269. doi: 10.1126/science.348.6232.269.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25883332" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Engineering/*education/manpower ; Faculty/*statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mathematics/*education/manpower ; Science/*education/manpower ; Sex Factors ; Technology/*education/manpower ; United States ; Women, Working/*statistics & numerical data
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2015-05-09
    Description: Transcriptional regulation and posttranscriptional processing underlie many cellular and organismal phenotypes. We used RNA sequence data generated by Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project to investigate the patterns of transcriptome variation across individuals and tissues. Tissues exhibit characteristic transcriptional signatures that show stability in postmortem samples. These signatures are dominated by a relatively small number of genes-which is most clearly seen in blood-though few are exclusive to a particular tissue and vary more across tissues than individuals. Genes exhibiting high interindividual expression variation include disease candidates associated with sex, ethnicity, and age. Primary transcription is the major driver of cellular specificity, with splicing playing mostly a complementary role; except for the brain, which exhibits a more divergent splicing program. Variation in splicing, despite its stochasticity, may play in contrast a comparatively greater role in defining individual phenotypes.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4547472/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4547472/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mele, Marta -- Ferreira, Pedro G -- Reverter, Ferran -- DeLuca, David S -- Monlong, Jean -- Sammeth, Michael -- Young, Taylor R -- Goldmann, Jakob M -- Pervouchine, Dmitri D -- Sullivan, Timothy J -- Johnson, Rory -- Segre, Ayellet V -- Djebali, Sarah -- Niarchou, Anastasia -- GTEx Consortium -- Wright, Fred A -- Lappalainen, Tuuli -- Calvo, Miquel -- Getz, Gad -- Dermitzakis, Emmanouil T -- Ardlie, Kristin G -- Guigo, Roderic -- HHSN261200800001E/PHS HHS/ -- HHSN268201000029C/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HHSN268201000029C/PHS HHS/ -- R01 DA006227-17/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH090936/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH090941/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 May 8;348(6235):660-5. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa0355.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Harvard Department of stem cell and regenerative biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA. ; Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. Institute for Genetics and Genomics in Geneva (iGE3), University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Geneva, Switzerland. ; Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. ; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA. ; Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. McGill University, Montreal, Canada. ; Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. National Institute for Scientific Computing (LNCC), Petropolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. ; Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands. ; Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-73, 119992 Moscow, Russia. ; Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. ; Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. Institute for Genetics and Genomics in Geneva (iGE3), University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Geneva, Switzerland. ; Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Harvard Department of stem cell and regenerative biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA. Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. Institute for Genetics and Genomics in Geneva (iGE3), University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Geneva, Switzerland. Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA. McGill University, Montreal, Canada. National Institute for Scientific Computing (LNCC), Petropolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands. Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-73, 119992 Moscow, Russia. North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA. New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA. Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. Cancer Center and Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA. Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mediques (IMIM), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Joint CRG-Barcelona Super Computing Center (BSC)-Institut de Recerca Biomedica (IRB) Program in Computational Biology, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. ; North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA. ; Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. Institute for Genetics and Genomics in Geneva (iGE3), University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Geneva, Switzerland. New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA. Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. ; Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. ; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA. Cancer Center and Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA. ; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA. kardlie@broadinstitute.org roderic.guigo@crg.cat. ; Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mediques (IMIM), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Joint CRG-Barcelona Super Computing Center (BSC)-Institut de Recerca Biomedica (IRB) Program in Computational Biology, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. kardlie@broadinstitute.org roderic.guigo@crg.cat.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25954002" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alternative Splicing ; Female ; Gene Expression Profiling ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Genome, Human/*genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Organ Specificity/genetics ; Phenotype ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Sequence Analysis, RNA ; Sex Factors ; *Transcriptome
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-02-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dantzer, Ben -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Feb 20;347(6224):822-3. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa6480.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychology and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. dantzer@umich.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25700499" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; *Competitive Behavior ; *Ecosystem ; Female ; Male ; *Maternal Behavior ; Songbirds/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2015-05-23
    Description: Sex determination in the mosquito Aedes aegypti is governed by a dominant male-determining factor (M factor) located within a Y chromosome-like region called the M locus. Here, we show that an M-locus gene, Nix, functions as an M factor in A. aegypti. Nix exhibits persistent M linkage and early embryonic expression, two characteristics required of an M factor. Nix knockout with clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 resulted in largely feminized genetic males and the production of female isoforms of two key regulators of sexual differentiation: doublesex and fruitless. Ectopic expression of Nix resulted in genetic females with nearly complete male genitalia. Thus, Nix is both required and sufficient to initiate male development. This study provides a foundation for mosquito control strategies that convert female mosquitoes into harmless males.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hall, Andrew Brantley -- Basu, Sanjay -- Jiang, Xiaofang -- Qi, Yumin -- Timoshevskiy, Vladimir A -- Biedler, James K -- Sharakhova, Maria V -- Elahi, Rubayet -- Anderson, Michelle A E -- Chen, Xiao-Guang -- Sharakhov, Igor V -- Adelman, Zach N -- Tu, Zhijian -- AI113643/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jun 12;348(6240):1268-70. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa2850. Epub 2015 May 21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Interdisciplinary PhD Program in Genetics, Bioinformatics, and Computational Biology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA, USA. Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA. Fralin Life Science Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA. ; Fralin Life Science Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA. Department of Entomology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA. ; Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA. Fralin Life Science Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA. ; Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA. ; School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, People's Republic of China. ; Interdisciplinary PhD Program in Genetics, Bioinformatics, and Computational Biology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA, USA. Fralin Life Science Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA. Department of Entomology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA. ; Interdisciplinary PhD Program in Genetics, Bioinformatics, and Computational Biology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA, USA. Fralin Life Science Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA. Department of Entomology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA. jaketu@vt.edu zachadel@vt.edu. ; Interdisciplinary PhD Program in Genetics, Bioinformatics, and Computational Biology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA, USA. Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA. Fralin Life Science Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA. jaketu@vt.edu zachadel@vt.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25999371" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aedes/*genetics/*growth & development ; Animals ; Caspase 9 ; Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats ; Female ; Gene Knockout Techniques ; *Genes, Insect ; *Genetic Loci ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mosquito Control/methods ; Sex Determination Processes/*genetics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2015-06-13
    Description: During rest, brain activity is synchronized between different regions widely distributed throughout the brain, forming functional networks. However, the molecular mechanisms supporting functional connectivity remain undefined. We show that functional brain networks defined with resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging can be recapitulated by using measures of correlated gene expression in a post mortem brain tissue data set. The set of 136 genes we identify is significantly enriched for ion channels. Polymorphisms in this set of genes significantly affect resting-state functional connectivity in a large sample of healthy adolescents. Expression levels of these genes are also significantly associated with axonal connectivity in the mouse. The results provide convergent, multimodal evidence that resting-state functional networks correlate with the orchestrated activity of dozens of genes linked to ion channel activity and synaptic function.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Richiardi, Jonas -- Altmann, Andre -- Milazzo, Anna-Clare -- Chang, Catie -- Chakravarty, M Mallar -- Banaschewski, Tobias -- Barker, Gareth J -- Bokde, Arun L W -- Bromberg, Uli -- Buchel, Christian -- Conrod, Patricia -- Fauth-Buhler, Mira -- Flor, Herta -- Frouin, Vincent -- Gallinat, Jurgen -- Garavan, Hugh -- Gowland, Penny -- Heinz, Andreas -- Lemaitre, Herve -- Mann, Karl F -- Martinot, Jean-Luc -- Nees, Frauke -- Paus, Tomas -- Pausova, Zdenka -- Rietschel, Marcella -- Robbins, Trevor W -- Smolka, Michael N -- Spanagel, Rainer -- Strohle, Andreas -- Schumann, Gunter -- Hawrylycz, Mike -- Poline, Jean-Baptiste -- Greicius, Michael D -- IMAGEN consortium -- 93558/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- R01 MH085772-01A1/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01NS073498/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- U54 EB020403/EB/NIBIB NIH HHS/ -- Department of Health/United Kingdom -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jun 12;348(6240):1241-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1255905. Epub 2015 Jun 11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Functional Imaging in Neuropsychiatric Disorders Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. Laboratory of Neurology and Imaging of Cognition, Department of Neuroscience, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. jonas.richiardi@unige.ch greicius@stanford.edu. ; Functional Imaging in Neuropsychiatric Disorders Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. ; The War Related Illness and Injury Study Center, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA. Functional Imaging in Neuropsychiatric Disorders Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. ; Advanced MRI Section, Laboratory of Functional and Molecular Imaging, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. ; Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Canada. Departments of Psychiatry and Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Canada. ; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. ; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. ; Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. ; Universitaetsklinikum Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany. ; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. Department of Psychiatry, Universite de Montreal, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada. ; Department of Addictive Behaviour and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. ; Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. ; Neurospin, Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Paris, France. ; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charite Mitte, Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. ; Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA. ; School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK. ; Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale, INSERM Unit 1000 "Neuroimaging and Psychiatry," University Paris Sud, Orsay, France. INSERM Unit 1000 at Maison de Solenn, Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Paris (APHP), Cochin Hospital, University Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France. ; Rotman Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK. ; The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. ; Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. ; Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute and Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. ; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universitat Dresden, Dresden, Germany. ; Department of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany. ; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. Medical Research Council (MRC) Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK. ; Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA. ; Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA. ; Functional Imaging in Neuropsychiatric Disorders Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. jonas.richiardi@unige.ch greicius@stanford.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26068849" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Animals ; Brain/metabolism/*physiology ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Ion Channels/*genetics ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Mice ; Nerve Net/metabolism/*physiology ; Neural Pathways/metabolism/physiology ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Rest/*physiology ; Synapses/metabolism/physiology ; *Transcriptome ; Young Adult
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2015-05-16
    Description: PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) protect the animal germ line by silencing transposons. Primary piRNAs, generated from transcripts of genomic transposon "junkyards" (piRNA clusters), are amplified by the "ping-pong" pathway, yielding secondary piRNAs. We report that secondary piRNAs, bound to the PIWI protein Ago3, can initiate primary piRNA production from cleaved transposon RNAs. The first ~26 nucleotides (nt) of each cleaved RNA becomes a secondary piRNA, but the subsequent ~26 nt become the first in a series of phased primary piRNAs that bind Piwi, allowing piRNAs to spread beyond the site of RNA cleavage. The ping-pong pathway increases only the abundance of piRNAs, whereas production of phased primary piRNAs from cleaved transposon RNAs adds sequence diversity to the piRNA pool, allowing adaptation to changes in transposon sequence.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4545291/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4545291/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Han, Bo W -- Wang, Wei -- Li, Chengjian -- Weng, Zhiping -- Zamore, Phillip D -- GM62862/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM65236/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HG007000/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM065236/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R37 GM062862/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- U41 HG007000/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 May 15;348(6236):817-21. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa1264.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉RNA Therapeutics Institute, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA. ; RNA Therapeutics Institute, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA. Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA. ; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA. Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA. zhiping.weng@umassmed.edu phillip.zamore@umassmed.edu. ; RNA Therapeutics Institute, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA. zhiping.weng@umassmed.edu phillip.zamore@umassmed.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25977554" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Argonaute Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Drosophila Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Drosophila melanogaster/genetics/*metabolism ; Endoribonucleases/genetics/*metabolism ; Female ; Germ Cells/metabolism ; Male ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; Mice ; Ovary/metabolism ; Peptide Initiation Factors/genetics/*metabolism ; *RNA Cleavage ; RNA, Guide/*metabolism ; RNA, Small Interfering/biosynthesis/*metabolism ; *Retroelements ; Testis/metabolism
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2015-08-15
    Description: Human vocal development occurs through two parallel interactive processes that transform infant cries into more mature vocalizations, such as cooing sounds and babbling. First, natural categories of sounds change as the vocal apparatus matures. Second, parental vocal feedback sensitizes infants to certain features of those sounds, and the sounds are modified accordingly. Paradoxically, our closest living ancestors, nonhuman primates, are thought to undergo few or no production-related acoustic changes during development, and any such changes are thought to be impervious to social feedback. Using early and dense sampling, quantitative tracking of acoustic changes, and biomechanical modeling, we showed that vocalizations in infant marmoset monkeys undergo dramatic changes that cannot be solely attributed to simple consequences of growth. Using parental interaction experiments, we found that contingent parental feedback influences the rate of vocal development. These findings overturn decades-old ideas about primate vocalizations and show that marmoset monkeys are a compelling model system for early vocal development in humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Takahashi, D Y -- Fenley, A R -- Teramoto, Y -- Narayanan, D Z -- Borjon, J I -- Holmes, P -- Ghazanfar, A A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Aug 14;349(6249):734-8. doi: 10.1126/science.aab1058.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. ; Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. ; Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. ; Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26273055" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acoustics ; Animals ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Callithrix/*growth & development/physiology/psychology ; Female ; Male ; Models, Biological ; Muscle Tonus ; Vocal Cords/growth & development/physiology ; *Vocalization, Animal
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2015-11-21
    Description: Infection with intestinal helminths results in immunological changes that influence co-infections, and might influence fecundity by inducing immunological states affecting conception and pregnancy. We investigated associations between intestinal helminths and fertility in women, using 9 years of longitudinal data from 986 Bolivian forager-horticulturalists, experiencing natural fertility and 70% helminth prevalence. We found that different species of helminth are associated with contrasting effects on fecundity. Infection with roundworm (Ascaris lumbricoides) is associated with earlier first births and shortened interbirth intervals, whereas infection with hookworm is associated with delayed first pregnancy and extended interbirth intervals. Thus, helminths may have important effects on human fertility that reflect physiological and immunological consequences of infection.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Blackwell, Aaron D -- Tamayo, Marilyne A -- Beheim, Bret -- Trumble, Benjamin C -- Stieglitz, Jonathan -- Hooper, Paul L -- Martin, Melanie -- Kaplan, Hillard -- Gurven, Michael -- P01AG022500/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01AG024119/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R56AG024119/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Nov 20;350(6263):970-2. doi: 10.1126/science.aac7902.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Anthropology, University of California Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA. Tsimane Health and Life History Project, San Borja, Bolivia. Broom Center for Demography, University of California Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA. blackwell@anth.ucsb.edu. ; Department of Anthropology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA. ; Tsimane Health and Life History Project, San Borja, Bolivia. Department of Anthropology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA. ; Department of Anthropology, University of California Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA. Tsimane Health and Life History Project, San Borja, Bolivia. Broom Center for Demography, University of California Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA. Center for Evolutionary Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA. School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA. ; Tsimane Health and Life History Project, San Borja, Bolivia. Department of Anthropology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA. Institute for Advanced Study in Toulouse, Toulouse, France. ; Tsimane Health and Life History Project, San Borja, Bolivia. Department of Anthropology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. ; Department of Anthropology, University of California Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA. Tsimane Health and Life History Project, San Borja, Bolivia. Broom Center for Demography, University of California Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26586763" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Animals ; Ascariasis/epidemiology/immunology ; Ascaris lumbricoides/immunology ; Bolivia/epidemiology ; Coinfection ; Female ; Fertility/*immunology/physiology ; Gravidity/*immunology/physiology ; Helminthiasis/*immunology ; Humans ; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/epidemiology/*immunology ; Pregnancy ; Prevalence ; Young Adult
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  • 10
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-04-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉de Montjoye, Yves-Alexandre -- Pentland, Alex Sandy -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Apr 10;348(6231):195. doi: 10.1126/science.348.6231.195-a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. yvesalexandre@demontjoye.com. ; Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25859038" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Commerce ; *Data Collection ; Female ; Humans ; *Information Dissemination ; Male ; *Privacy
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 11
    Publication Date: 2015-01-31
    Description: Large-scale data sets of human behavior have the potential to fundamentally transform the way we fight diseases, design cities, or perform research. Metadata, however, contain sensitive information. Understanding the privacy of these data sets is key to their broad use and, ultimately, their impact. We study 3 months of credit card records for 1.1 million people and show that four spatiotemporal points are enough to uniquely reidentify 90% of individuals. We show that knowing the price of a transaction increases the risk of reidentification by 22%, on average. Finally, we show that even data sets that provide coarse information at any or all of the dimensions provide little anonymity and that women are more reidentifiable than men in credit card metadata.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉de Montjoye, Yves-Alexandre -- Radaelli, Laura -- Singh, Vivek Kumar -- Pentland, Alex Sandy -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jan 30;347(6221):536-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1256297.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), 20 Amherst Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. yvesalexandre@demontjoye.com. ; Department of Computer Science, Aarhus University, Aabogade 34, Aarhus, 8200, Denmark. ; Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), 20 Amherst Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. School of Communication and Information, Rutgers University, 4 Huntington Street, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA. ; Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), 20 Amherst Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25635097" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Commerce ; *Data Collection ; Female ; Humans ; Income ; *Information Dissemination ; Male ; *Privacy ; Sex Characteristics
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 12
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-07-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mervis, Jeffrey -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jul 3;349(6243):16. doi: 10.1126/science.349.6243.16.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26138958" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Age Factors ; Animal Experimentation ; Animals ; *Attitude ; Data Collection ; Female ; Global Warming ; Humans ; Nuclear Energy ; Politics ; *Public Opinion ; *Research ; Sex Factors ; United States
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  • 13
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-08-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zitvogel, Laurence -- Kroemer, Guido -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jul 31;349(6247):476-7. doi: 10.1126/science.aac8475.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, F-94805 Villejuif, France. INSERM U1015, F-94805 Villejuif, France. Universite Paris Sud-XI, Faculte de Medecine, Le Kremlin Bicetre, France. Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer (CICBT) 507, F-94805 Villejuif, France. ; Equipe 11 labellisee par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, F-75006 Paris, France. Universite Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cite, F-75006 Paris, France. Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, F-75006 Paris, France. Pole de Biologie, Hopital Europeen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, F-75015 Paris. Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, F-94805 Villejuif, France. kroemer@orange.fr.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26228128" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Apoptosis/*immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Membrane Proteins/*metabolism ; Phagocytosis/*immunology ; Phosphatidylserines/*metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/*metabolism
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  • 14
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-08-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bodley, John H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Aug 21;349(6250):798-9. doi: 10.1126/science.349.6250.798-b.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Anthropology, Washington State University College of Arts and Sciences, Pullman, WA 99164-2630, USA. bodleyj@wsu.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26293944" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Ethnic Groups ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; *Public Policy ; *Social Isolation
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-08-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉DeMarco, Emily -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Aug 7;349(6248):570-1. doi: 10.1126/science.349.6248.570.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26250661" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Animal Migration ; Animals ; Breeding ; *Butterflies ; *Conservation of Natural Resources ; Female ; Mexico ; Plant Nectar ; Population ; Seasons ; United States
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  • 16
    Publication Date: 2015-06-13
    Description: Blood gas and tissue pH regulation depend on the ability of the brain to sense CO2 and/or H(+) and alter breathing appropriately, a homeostatic process called central respiratory chemosensitivity. We show that selective expression of the proton-activated receptor GPR4 in chemosensory neurons of the mouse retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN) is required for CO2-stimulated breathing. Genetic deletion of GPR4 disrupted acidosis-dependent activation of RTN neurons, increased apnea frequency, and blunted ventilatory responses to CO2. Reintroduction of GPR4 into RTN neurons restored CO2-dependent RTN neuronal activation and rescued the ventilatory phenotype. Additional elimination of TASK-2 (K(2P)5), a pH-sensitive K(+) channel expressed in RTN neurons, essentially abolished the ventilatory response to CO2. The data identify GPR4 and TASK-2 as distinct, parallel, and essential central mediators of respiratory chemosensitivity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kumar, Natasha N -- Velic, Ana -- Soliz, Jorge -- Shi, Yingtang -- Li, Keyong -- Wang, Sheng -- Weaver, Janelle L -- Sen, Josh -- Abbott, Stephen B G -- Lazarenko, Roman M -- Ludwig, Marie-Gabrielle -- Perez-Reyes, Edward -- Mohebbi, Nilufar -- Bettoni, Carla -- Gassmann, Max -- Suply, Thomas -- Seuwen, Klaus -- Guyenet, Patrice G -- Wagner, Carsten A -- Bayliss, Douglas A -- HL074011/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL108609/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jun 12;348(6240):1255-60. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa0922. Epub 2015 Jun 11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA. ; Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, CH-8057, Switzerland. ; Institute of Veterinary Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, CH-8057, Switzerland. Centre de Recherche du CHU de Quebec, Departement de Pediatrie, Faculte de Medecine, Universite Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada. ; Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA. Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China. ; Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA. School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, New South Wales 2052, Australia. Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA. ; Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, CH-4002, Switzerland. ; Institute of Veterinary Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, CH-8057, Switzerland. ; Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, CH-8057, Switzerland. Wagnerca@access.uzh.ch bayliss@virginia.edu. ; Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA. Wagnerca@access.uzh.ch bayliss@virginia.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26068853" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acidosis, Respiratory/genetics/physiopathology ; Animals ; Carbon Dioxide/*physiology ; Female ; Gene Deletion ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Mutant Strains ; Neurons/metabolism/physiology ; Potassium Channels, Tandem Pore Domain/genetics/*physiology ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/antagonists & inhibitors/genetics/*physiology ; *Respiration ; Trapezoid Body/cytology/metabolism/*physiology
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  • 17
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-12-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Robinson, Gene E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Dec 11;350(6266):1310-2. doi: 10.1126/science.aad8071.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, Department of Entomology, Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA. generobi@illinois.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26659038" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arvicolinae/*psychology ; Brain/*metabolism ; Female ; Male ; Receptors, Vasopressin/*metabolism ; Sexual Behavior/*physiology ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; *Social Behavior ; Spatial Memory/*physiology
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  • 18
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-04-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Meyer, Anne-Marie -- Gotz, David -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Apr 10;348(6231):194. doi: 10.1126/science.348.6231.194-a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Gillings School of Global Public Health and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. ameyer@unc.edu. ; Department of Information Science and Carolina Health Informatics Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25859036" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Commerce ; *Data Collection ; Female ; Humans ; *Information Dissemination ; Male ; *Privacy
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  • 19
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-01-31
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bohannon, John -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jan 30;347(6221):468. doi: 10.1126/science.347.6221.468. Epub 2015 Jan 29.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25635068" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Commerce ; *Data Collection ; Female ; Humans ; *Information Dissemination ; Male ; *Privacy
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-06-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kupferschmidt, Kai -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jun 26;348(6242):1406-7. doi: 10.1126/science.348.6242.1406.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26113694" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arthralgia/immunology/virology ; Ebolavirus/isolation & purification ; Eye Diseases/immunology/virology ; Female ; Headache/virology ; Hearing Loss/immunology/virology ; Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola/*complications/immunology/*mortality ; Humans ; Immune System ; Liberia/epidemiology ; Male ; Muscle Weakness/immunology/virology ; Semen/virology ; *Survivors
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-09-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4653811/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4653811/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tishkoff, Sarah -- P30 ES013508/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK104339/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM113657/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Sep 18;349(6254):1282-3. doi: 10.1126/science.aad0584.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Departments of Genetics and Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26383935" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acclimatization/*genetics ; *Diet, High-Fat ; Fatty Acids, Omega-3/*administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Inuits/*genetics ; Male
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-01-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kupferschmidt, Kai -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jan 9;347(6218):120-1. doi: 10.1126/science.347.6218.120.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25574003" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Child ; *Disease Eradication ; Disease Outbreaks/*prevention & control ; Ebolavirus/isolation & purification ; Female ; Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola/*epidemiology/*prevention & control ; Humans ; Liberia/epidemiology ; Male
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  • 23
    Publication Date: 2015-05-09
    Description: Immunosuppression after measles is known to predispose people to opportunistic infections for a period of several weeks to months. Using population-level data, we show that measles has a more prolonged effect on host resistance, extending over 2 to 3 years. We find that nonmeasles infectious disease mortality in high-income countries is tightly coupled to measles incidence at this lag, in both the pre- and post-vaccine eras. We conclude that long-term immunologic sequelae of measles drive interannual fluctuations in nonmeasles deaths. This is consistent with recent experimental work that attributes the immunosuppressive effects of measles to depletion of B and T lymphocytes. Our data provide an explanation for the long-term benefits of measles vaccination in preventing all-cause infectious disease. By preventing measles-associated immune memory loss, vaccination protects polymicrobial herd immunity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mina, Michael J -- Metcalf, C Jessica E -- de Swart, Rik L -- Osterhaus, A D M E -- Grenfell, Bryan T -- T32 GM008169/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 May 8;348(6235):694-9. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa3662. Epub 2015 May 7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA. Medical Scientist Training Program, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA. michael.j.mina@gmail.com. ; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA. Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. ; Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25954009" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: B-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Child ; *Child Mortality ; Child, Preschool ; England/epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Immunologic Memory ; *Immunomodulation ; Incidence ; Lymphocyte Depletion ; Male ; Measles/*epidemiology/*immunology/prevention & control ; Measles Vaccine/administration & dosage/*immunology ; Opportunistic Infections/immunology/*mortality/*prevention & control ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Time Factors ; United States/epidemiology ; Vaccination ; Wales/epidemiology
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  • 24
    Publication Date: 2015-11-01
    Description: It is unknown whether the human immune system frequently mounts a T cell response against mutations expressed by common epithelial cancers. Using a next-generation sequencing approach combined with high-throughput immunologic screening, we demonstrated that tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) from 9 out of 10 patients with metastatic gastrointestinal cancers contained CD4(+) and/or CD8(+) T cells that recognized one to three neo-epitopes derived from somatic mutations expressed by the patient's own tumor. There were no immunogenic epitopes shared between these patients. However, we identified in one patient a human leukocyte antigen-C*08:02-restricted T cell receptor from CD8(+) TILs that targeted the KRAS(G12D) hotspot driver mutation found in many human cancers. Thus, a high frequency of patients with common gastrointestinal cancers harbor immunogenic mutations that can potentially be exploited for the development of highly personalized immunotherapies.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tran, Eric -- Ahmadzadeh, Mojgan -- Lu, Yong-Chen -- Gros, Alena -- Turcotte, Simon -- Robbins, Paul F -- Gartner, Jared J -- Zheng, Zhili -- Li, Yong F -- Ray, Satyajit -- Wunderlich, John R -- Somerville, Robert P -- Rosenberg, Steven A -- Intramural NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Dec 11;350(6266):1387-90. doi: 10.1126/science.aad1253. Epub 2015 Oct 29.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. sar@mail.nih.gov.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26516200" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/*genetics/*immunology/therapy ; HLA-C Antigens/genetics/immunology ; Humans ; Immunodominant Epitopes/genetics/immunology ; Immunotherapy/methods ; Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/immunology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Precision Medicine/methods ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics/immunology ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/immunology ; ras Proteins/genetics/immunology
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  • 25
    Publication Date: 2015-02-28
    Description: The availability of genome sequences from 16 anopheline species provides unprecedented opportunities to study the evolution of reproductive traits relevant for malaria transmission. In Anopheles gambiae, a likely candidate for sexual selection is male 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E). Sexual transfer of this steroid hormone as part of a mating plug dramatically changes female physiological processes intimately tied to vectorial capacity. By combining phenotypic studies with ancestral state reconstructions and phylogenetic analyses, we show that mating plug transfer and male 20E synthesis are both derived characters that have coevolved in anophelines, driving the adaptation of a female 20E-interacting protein that promotes oogenesis via mechanisms also favoring Plasmodium survival. Our data reveal coevolutionary dynamics of reproductive traits between the sexes likely to have shaped the ability of anophelines to transmit malaria.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4373528/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4373528/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mitchell, Sara N -- Kakani, Evdoxia G -- South, Adam -- Howell, Paul I -- Waterhouse, Robert M -- Catteruccia, Flaminia -- 1R01AI104956-01A1/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- 260897/European Research Council/International -- R01 AI104956/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Feb 27;347(6225):985-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1259435.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA. ; Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Universita degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia 06100, Italy. ; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. ; Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva 1211, Switzerland. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Geneva 1211, Switzerland. Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. ; Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Universita degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia 06100, Italy. fcatter@hsph.harvard.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25722409" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anopheles/classification/*physiology ; Anopheles gambiae/classification/physiology ; Biological Evolution ; Biological Transport ; Ecdysterone/*metabolism ; Female ; Insect Vectors/*physiology ; Malaria/parasitology/transmission ; Male ; Mating Preference, Animal/*physiology ; Oogenesis/physiology ; Oviposition/*physiology ; Phylogeny
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  • 26
    Publication Date: 2015-02-24
    Description: An important question in ecology is how mechanistic processes occurring among individuals drive large-scale patterns of community formation and change. Here we show that in two species of bluebirds, cycles of replacement of one by the other emerge as an indirect consequence of maternal influence on offspring behavior in response to local resource availability. Sampling across broad temporal and spatial scales, we found that western bluebirds, the more competitive species, bias the birth order of offspring by sex in a way that influences offspring aggression and dispersal, setting the stage for rapid increases in population density that ultimately result in the replacement of their sister species. Our results provide insight into how predictable community dynamics can occur despite the contingency of local behavioral interactions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Duckworth, Renee A -- Belloni, Virginia -- Anderson, Samantha R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Feb 20;347(6224):875-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1260154.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA. rad3@email.arizona.edu. ; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA. Department of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA. ; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25700519" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Androgens/analysis ; Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Clutch Size ; *Competitive Behavior ; *Ecosystem ; Egg Yolk/chemistry ; Female ; Fires ; Male ; *Maternal Behavior ; Population Density ; Songbirds/*physiology ; United States
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  • 27
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-04-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mlot, Christine -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Apr 24;348(6233):383. doi: 10.1126/science.348.6233.383.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25908802" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Animal Migration ; Animals ; Animals, Inbred Strains ; Ecosystem ; Female ; Food Chain ; Inbreeding ; Islands ; Michigan ; Population ; Wolves/genetics/*physiology
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  • 28
    Publication Date: 2015-05-16
    Description: In animal gonads, PIWI-clade Argonaute proteins repress transposons sequence-specifically via bound Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs). These are processed from single-stranded precursor RNAs by largely unknown mechanisms. Here we show that primary piRNA biogenesis is a 3'-directed and phased process that, in the Drosophila germ line, is initiated by secondary piRNA-guided transcript cleavage. Phasing results from consecutive endonucleolytic cleavages catalyzed by Zucchini, implying coupled formation of 3' and 5' ends of flanking piRNAs. Unexpectedly, Zucchini also participates in 3' end formation of secondary piRNAs. Its function can, however, be bypassed by downstream piRNA-guided precursor cleavages coupled to exonucleolytic trimming. Our data uncover an evolutionarily conserved piRNA biogenesis mechanism in which Zucchini plays a central role in defining piRNA 5' and 3' ends.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mohn, Fabio -- Handler, Dominik -- Brennecke, Julius -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 May 15;348(6236):812-7. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa1039.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), Dr. Bohrgasse 3, 1030 Vienna, Austria. ; Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), Dr. Bohrgasse 3, 1030 Vienna, Austria. julius.brennecke@imba.oeaw.ac.at.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25977553" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Drosophila Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Drosophila melanogaster/*enzymology/genetics ; Endoribonucleases/genetics/*metabolism ; Evolution, Molecular ; Female ; Germ Cells/enzymology ; Male ; Mice ; Ovary/enzymology ; *RNA Cleavage ; RNA, Guide/*metabolism ; RNA, Small Interfering/biosynthesis/*metabolism ; RNA-Binding Proteins/genetics ; Testis/enzymology ; *Transcription, Genetic ; Uridine/metabolism
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  • 29
    Publication Date: 2015-10-24
    Description: Mammalian sleep comprises rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and non-REM (NREM) sleep. To functionally isolate from the complex mixture of neurons populating the brainstem pons those involved in switching between REM and NREM sleep, we chemogenetically manipulated neurons of a specific embryonic cell lineage in mice. We identified excitatory glutamatergic neurons that inhibit REM sleep and promote NREM sleep. These neurons shared a common developmental origin with neurons promoting wakefulness; both derived from a pool of proneural hindbrain cells expressing Atoh1 at embryonic day 10.5. We also identified inhibitory gamma-aminobutyric acid-releasing neurons that act downstream to inhibit REM sleep. Artificial reduction or prolongation of REM sleep in turn affected slow-wave activity during subsequent NREM sleep, implicating REM sleep in the regulation of NREM sleep.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hayashi, Yu -- Kashiwagi, Mitsuaki -- Yasuda, Kosuke -- Ando, Reiko -- Kanuka, Mika -- Sakai, Kazuya -- Itohara, Shigeyoshi -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Nov 20;350(6263):957-61. doi: 10.1126/science.aad1023. Epub 2015 Oct 22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan. Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan. hayashi.yu.fp@u.tsukuba.ac.jp sitohara@brain.riken.jp. ; International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan. ; Laboratory for Behavioral Genetics, Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-city, Saitama 351-0198, Japan. ; Integrative Physiology of the Brain Arousal System, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028-CNRS UMR5292, School of Medicine, Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, F-69373 Lyon, France. ; Laboratory for Behavioral Genetics, Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-city, Saitama 351-0198, Japan. hayashi.yu.fp@u.tsukuba.ac.jp sitohara@brain.riken.jp.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26494173" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/genetics/metabolism ; Brain Stem/cytology/physiology ; Cell Lineage ; Cell Separation ; Female ; Glutamates/metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Neurons/metabolism/*physiology ; Pons/cytology/physiology ; Rhombencephalon/*cytology/*embryology ; Sleep, REM/*physiology ; Wakefulness/*physiology ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
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  • 30
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-03-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Morell, Virginia -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Mar 20;347(6228):1302-7. doi: 10.1126/science.347.6228.1302.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25792312" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Conservation of Natural Resources ; Female ; *Food Chain ; Humans ; Male ; *Predatory Behavior ; Puma ; Ruminants ; United States ; Ursidae ; Wolves
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  • 31
    Publication Date: 2015-01-24
    Description: Resolving the molecular details of proteome variation in the different tissues and organs of the human body will greatly increase our knowledge of human biology and disease. Here, we present a map of the human tissue proteome based on an integrated omics approach that involves quantitative transcriptomics at the tissue and organ level, combined with tissue microarray-based immunohistochemistry, to achieve spatial localization of proteins down to the single-cell level. Our tissue-based analysis detected more than 90% of the putative protein-coding genes. We used this approach to explore the human secretome, the membrane proteome, the druggable proteome, the cancer proteome, and the metabolic functions in 32 different tissues and organs. All the data are integrated in an interactive Web-based database that allows exploration of individual proteins, as well as navigation of global expression patterns, in all major tissues and organs in the human body.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Uhlen, Mathias -- Fagerberg, Linn -- Hallstrom, Bjorn M -- Lindskog, Cecilia -- Oksvold, Per -- Mardinoglu, Adil -- Sivertsson, Asa -- Kampf, Caroline -- Sjostedt, Evelina -- Asplund, Anna -- Olsson, IngMarie -- Edlund, Karolina -- Lundberg, Emma -- Navani, Sanjay -- Szigyarto, Cristina Al-Khalili -- Odeberg, Jacob -- Djureinovic, Dijana -- Takanen, Jenny Ottosson -- Hober, Sophia -- Alm, Tove -- Edqvist, Per-Henrik -- Berling, Holger -- Tegel, Hanna -- Mulder, Jan -- Rockberg, Johan -- Nilsson, Peter -- Schwenk, Jochen M -- Hamsten, Marica -- von Feilitzen, Kalle -- Forsberg, Mattias -- Persson, Lukas -- Johansson, Fredric -- Zwahlen, Martin -- von Heijne, Gunnar -- Nielsen, Jens -- Ponten, Fredrik -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jan 23;347(6220):1260419. doi: 10.1126/science.1260419.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Science for Life Laboratory, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, SE-171 21 Stockholm, Sweden. Department of Proteomics, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden. Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2970 Horsholm, Denmark. mathias.uhlen@scilifelab.se. ; Science for Life Laboratory, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, SE-171 21 Stockholm, Sweden. ; Science for Life Laboratory, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, SE-171 21 Stockholm, Sweden. Department of Proteomics, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden. ; Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden. ; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden. ; Science for Life Laboratory, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, SE-171 21 Stockholm, Sweden. Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden. ; Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo) at Dortmund TU, D-44139 Dortmund, Germany. ; Lab Surgpath, Mumbai, India. ; Department of Proteomics, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden. ; Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden. ; Center for Biomembrane Research, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden. ; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2970 Horsholm, Denmark. Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25613900" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alternative Splicing ; Cell Line ; *Databases, Protein ; Female ; Genes ; Genetic Code ; Humans ; Internet ; Male ; Membrane Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Mitochondrial Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Neoplasms/genetics/metabolism ; Protein Array Analysis ; Protein Isoforms/genetics/metabolism ; Proteome/genetics/*metabolism ; Tissue Distribution ; Transcription, Genetic
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  • 32
    Publication Date: 2015-05-16
    Description: The social organization of mobile hunter-gatherers has several derived features, including low within-camp relatedness and fluid meta-groups. Although these features have been proposed to have provided the selective context for the evolution of human hypercooperation and cumulative culture, how such a distinctive social system may have emerged remains unclear. We present an agent-based model suggesting that, even if all individuals in a community seek to live with as many kin as possible, within-camp relatedness is reduced if men and women have equal influence in selecting camp members. Our model closely approximates observed patterns of co-residence among Agta and Mbendjele BaYaka hunter-gatherers. Our results suggest that pair-bonding and increased sex egalitarianism in human evolutionary history may have had a transformative effect on human social organization.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dyble, M -- Salali, G D -- Chaudhary, N -- Page, A -- Smith, D -- Thompson, J -- Vinicius, L -- Mace, R -- Migliano, A B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 May 15;348(6236):796-8. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa5139.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉University College London (UCL) Anthropology, 14 Taviton Street, London WC1H 0BW, UK. mark.dyble.12@ucl.ac.uk. ; University College London (UCL) Anthropology, 14 Taviton Street, London WC1H 0BW, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25977551" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Cooperative Behavior ; Cultural Evolution ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Models, Psychological ; *Sex ; *Social Networking
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  • 33
    Publication Date: 2015-09-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Efferson, Charles -- Vogt, Sonja -- Elhadi, Amy -- Ahmed, Hilal El Fadil -- Fehr, Ernst -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Sep 25;349(6255):1446-7. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa7978. Epub 2015 Sep 24.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Economics, University of Zurich, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland. charles.efferson@econ.uzh.ch sonja.vogt@econ.uzh.ch ernst.fehr@econ.uzh.ch. ; Khartoum, Sudan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26404811" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Body Modification, Non-Therapeutic/*statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Genitalia, Female/*surgery ; Gynecologic Surgical Procedures/*statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Marriage/*psychology ; *Social Norms ; Sudan/epidemiology
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  • 34
    Publication Date: 2015-02-28
    Description: Ebola virus causes sporadic outbreaks of lethal hemorrhagic fever in humans, but there is no currently approved therapy. Cells take up Ebola virus by macropinocytosis, followed by trafficking through endosomal vesicles. However, few factors controlling endosomal virus movement are known. Here we find that Ebola virus entry into host cells requires the endosomal calcium channels called two-pore channels (TPCs). Disrupting TPC function by gene knockout, small interfering RNAs, or small-molecule inhibitors halted virus trafficking and prevented infection. Tetrandrine, the most potent small molecule that we tested, inhibited infection of human macrophages, the primary target of Ebola virus in vivo, and also showed therapeutic efficacy in mice. Therefore, TPC proteins play a key role in Ebola virus infection and may be effective targets for antiviral therapy.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4550587/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4550587/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sakurai, Yasuteru -- Kolokoltsov, Andrey A -- Chen, Cheng-Chang -- Tidwell, Michael W -- Bauta, William E -- Klugbauer, Norbert -- Grimm, Christian -- Wahl-Schott, Christian -- Biel, Martin -- Davey, Robert A -- R01 AI063513/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01AI063513/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Feb 27;347(6225):995-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1258758.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA. ; The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA. ; Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM) at the Department of Pharmacy-Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, Munich, Germany. ; Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA. ; Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Albert-Ludwigs-Universitat Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. ; Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA. rdavey@txbiomed.org.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25722412" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antiviral Agents/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; BALB 3T3 Cells ; Benzylisoquinolines/pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Calcium Channel Blockers/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Calcium Channels/genetics/*physiology ; Ebolavirus/drug effects/*physiology ; Female ; Gene Knockout Techniques ; HeLa Cells ; Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola/drug therapy/*therapy/virology ; Humans ; Macrophages/drug effects/virology ; Mice ; *Molecular Targeted Therapy ; NADP/analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; RNA Interference ; Signal Transduction ; Verapamil/pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Virus Internalization/*drug effects
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  • 35
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-09-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Henriksen-Lacey, Malou -- Giner-Casares, Juan J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Sep 11;349(6253):1254. doi: 10.1126/science.349.6253.1254.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Malou Henriksen-Lacey is a biologist with a background in immunology. Juan J. Giner-Casares is a physical chemist with a background in nanomaterials. Both are postdoctoral researchers at CIC biomaGUNE in San Sebastian, Spain. For more on life and careers, visit sciencecareers.org. Send your story to SciCareerEditor@aaas.org.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26359404" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Allergy and Immunology ; *Biology ; *Chemistry, Physical ; Female ; Humans ; *Interprofessional Relations ; Male ; *Nanostructures
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  • 36
    Publication Date: 2015-04-25
    Description: Inflammatory CD4(+) T cell responses to self or commensal bacteria underlie the pathogenesis of autoimmunity and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), respectively. Although selection of self-specific T cells in the thymus limits responses to mammalian tissue antigens, the mechanisms that control selection of commensal bacteria-specific T cells remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that group 3 innate lymphoid cell (ILC3)-intrinsic expression of major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII) is regulated similarly to thymic epithelial cells and that MHCII(+) ILC3s directly induce cell death of activated commensal bacteria-specific T cells. Further, MHCII on colonic ILC3s was reduced in pediatric IBD patients. Collectively, these results define a selection pathway for commensal bacteria-specific CD4(+) T cells in the intestine and suggest that this process is dysregulated in human IBD.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4449822/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4449822/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hepworth, Matthew R -- Fung, Thomas C -- Masur, Samuel H -- Kelsen, Judith R -- McConnell, Fiona M -- Dubrot, Juan -- Withers, David R -- Hugues, Stephanie -- Farrar, Michael A -- Reith, Walter -- Eberl, Gerard -- Baldassano, Robert N -- Laufer, Terri M -- Elson, Charles O -- Sonnenberg, Gregory F -- DK071176/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DP5 OD012116/OD/NIH HHS/ -- DP5OD012116/OD/NIH HHS/ -- UL1-RR024134/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 May 29;348(6238):1031-5. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa4812. Epub 2015 Apr 23.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology Division, and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA. ; Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology Division, and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA. Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. ; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA. ; Medical Research Council, Centre for Immune Regulation, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK. ; Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland. ; Center for Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, MN, USA. ; Institut Pasteur, Microenvironment and Immunity Unit, Paris, France. ; Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA. ; Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA. ; Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology Division, and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA. gfsonnenberg@med.cornell.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25908663" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Apoptosis/immunology ; Autoimmunity ; Bacteria/*immunology ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Colon/*microbiology ; Female ; Flagellin/genetics/immunology ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class II/*immunology ; Humans ; *Immunity, Innate ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/immunology/*microbiology ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Symbiosis ; Thymus Gland/immunology
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-06-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brunham, Robert C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jun 19;348(6241):1322-3. doi: 10.1126/science.aac6528.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6X 1N4, Canada. robert.brunham@bccdc.ca.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26089500" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bacterial Vaccines/*immunology ; Chlamydia Infections/*prevention & control ; Chlamydia trachomatis/*immunology ; Female ; *Immunologic Memory ; Th1 Cells/*immunology ; Uterus/*immunology
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-06-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lavelle, Marianne -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jun 19;348(6241):1300-5. doi: 10.1126/science.348.6241.1300.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26089493" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agricultural Irrigation ; Animals ; *Chickens ; Climate Change ; *Endangered Species ; Energy-Generating Resources ; Female ; *Grassland ; Herbivory ; Introduced Species ; Male
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  • 39
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-04-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Munk, Marion Ronit -- Ruckert, Rene -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Apr 24;348(6233):470. doi: 10.1126/science.348.6233.470.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Marion R. Munk is an M.D.-Ph.D. ophthalmologist with a background in immunology and clinical research. Rene Ruckert is an M.D.-MBA immunologist. Both now live in Bern. For more on life and careers, visit ScienceCareers.org. Send your story to SciCareerEditor@aaas.org.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25908825" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Austria ; *Career Choice ; *Child Care ; Child Day Care Centers ; Child, Preschool ; Family Characteristics ; Female ; Humans ; Leadership ; *Return to Work ; *Sexism ; *Women, Working
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-07-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sansom, David M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jul 24;349(6246):377-8. doi: 10.1126/science.aac7888. Epub 2015 Jul 23.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK. d.sansom@ucl.ac.uk.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26206917" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/*metabolism ; Autoimmune Diseases/*drug therapy ; CTLA-4 Antigen/*deficiency ; Common Variable Immunodeficiency/*drug therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoconjugates/*therapeutic use ; Male
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-01-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sandrian, Michelle Gabriele -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jan 16;347(6219):346. doi: 10.1126/science.347.6219.346.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Michelle Gabriele Sandrian is now an assistant professor of ophthalmology and bioengineering at the University of Pittsburgh in Pennsylvania. For more on life and careers, visit www.sciencecareers.org. Send your story to SciCareerEditor@aaas.org.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25593190" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Education, Graduate ; Europe ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; *Infant Care ; Male ; *Parental Leave ; United States ; *Women, Working
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  • 42
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-06-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hinde, Katie -- Lewis, Zachery T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jun 26;348(6242):1427-8. doi: 10.1126/science.aac7436.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA. ; Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA. khinde@fas.harvard.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26113704" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bifidobacterium/isolation & purification/*physiology ; *Breast Feeding ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Intestines/*microbiology ; Microbiota/*physiology ; Milk, Human/*chemistry/*physiology ; *Oligosaccharides/analysis/chemistry/genetics ; Selection, Genetic
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-06-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lawler, Andrew -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jun 5;348(6239):1072-9. doi: 10.1126/science.348.6239.1072.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26045414" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Ethnic Groups ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Peru ; Rainforest ; *Social Isolation ; Vaccination
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  • 44
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-10-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Burstein, Deborah -- Hall-Craggs, Margaret -- Tempany, Clare -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Oct 16;350(6258):286. doi: 10.1126/science.350.6258.286-a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. dburstei@bidmc.harvard.edu. ; University College Hospital London, London, NW1 BU, UK. ; Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26472899" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Female ; Humans ; Male ; *Parental Leave ; *Parturition ; *Sexism ; Women/*psychology
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  • 45
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-02-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Erard, Michael -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Feb 27;347(6225):941-3. doi: 10.1126/science.347.6225.941.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25722393" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animal Experimentation/*standards ; Animals ; *Behavior, Animal ; Female ; Macaca mulatta ; Male ; *Names ; Observer Variation
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  • 46
    Publication Date: 2015-09-01
    Description: Mate choice models derive from traditional microeconomic decision theory and assume that individuals maximize their Darwinian fitness by making economically rational decisions. Rational choices exhibit regularity, whereby the relative strength of preferences between options remains stable when additional options are presented. We tested female frogs with three simulated males who differed in relative call attractiveness and call rate. In binary choice tests, females' preferences favored stimulus caller B over caller A; however, with the addition of an inferior "decoy" C, females reversed their preferences and chose A over B. These results show that the relative valuation of mates is not independent of inferior alternatives in the choice set and therefore cannot be explained with the rational choice models currently used in sexual selection theory.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lea, Amanda M -- Ryan, Michael J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Aug 28;349(6251):964-6. doi: 10.1126/science.aab2012.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA. alea@utexas.edu. ; Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Republic of Panama.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26315434" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anura/*physiology ; Choice Behavior ; Female ; Male ; *Mating Preference, Animal ; Vocalization, Animal
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  • 47
    Publication Date: 2015-04-18
    Description: Human-like modes of communication, including mutual gaze, in dogs may have been acquired during domestication with humans. We show that gazing behavior from dogs, but not wolves, increased urinary oxytocin concentrations in owners, which consequently facilitated owners' affiliation and increased oxytocin concentration in dogs. Further, nasally administered oxytocin increased gazing behavior in dogs, which in turn increased urinary oxytocin concentrations in owners. These findings support the existence of an interspecies oxytocin-mediated positive loop facilitated and modulated by gazing, which may have supported the coevolution of human-dog bonding by engaging common modes of communicating social attachment.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nagasawa, Miho -- Mitsui, Shouhei -- En, Shiori -- Ohtani, Nobuyo -- Ohta, Mitsuaki -- Sakuma, Yasuo -- Onaka, Tatsushi -- Mogi, Kazutaka -- Kikusui, Takefumi -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Apr 17;348(6232):333-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1261022. Epub 2015 Apr 16.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan. Department of Physiology, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan. ; Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan. ; University of Tokyo Health Sciences, Tama, Tokyo, Japan. ; Department of Physiology, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan. ; Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan. kikusui@azabu-u.ac.jp.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25883356" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Domestic/*psychology ; *Biological Evolution ; *Bonding, Human-Pet ; *Communication ; Dogs/*psychology ; Female ; *Fixation, Ocular ; Humans ; Oxytocin/*physiology ; Wolves/*psychology
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  • 48
    Publication Date: 2015-10-31
    Description: Antitumor immunity driven by intratumoral dendritic cells contributes to the efficacy of anthracycline-based chemotherapy in cancer. We identified a loss-of-function allele of the gene coding for formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1) that was associated with poor metastasis-free and overall survival in breast and colorectal cancer patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy. The therapeutic effects of anthracyclines were abrogated in tumor-bearing Fpr1(-/-) mice due to impaired antitumor immunity. Fpr1-deficient dendritic cells failed to approach dying cancer cells and, as a result, could not elicit antitumor T cell immunity. Experiments performed in a microfluidic device confirmed that FPR1 and its ligand, annexin-1, promoted stable interactions between dying cancer cells and human or murine leukocytes. Altogether, these results highlight the importance of FPR1 in chemotherapy-induced anticancer immune responses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vacchelli, Erika -- Ma, Yuting -- Baracco, Elisa E -- Sistigu, Antonella -- Enot, David P -- Pietrocola, Federico -- Yang, Heng -- Adjemian, Sandy -- Chaba, Kariman -- Semeraro, Michaela -- Signore, Michele -- De Ninno, Adele -- Lucarini, Valeria -- Peschiaroli, Francesca -- Businaro, Luca -- Gerardino, Annamaria -- Manic, Gwenola -- Ulas, Thomas -- Gunther, Patrick -- Schultze, Joachim L -- Kepp, Oliver -- Stoll, Gautier -- Lefebvre, Celine -- Mulot, Claire -- Castoldi, Francesca -- Rusakiewicz, Sylvie -- Ladoire, Sylvain -- Apetoh, Lionel -- Bravo-San Pedro, Jose Manuel -- Lucattelli, Monica -- Delarasse, Cecile -- Boige, Valerie -- Ducreux, Michel -- Delaloge, Suzette -- Borg, Christophe -- Andre, Fabrice -- Schiavoni, Giovanna -- Vitale, Ilio -- Laurent-Puig, Pierre -- Mattei, Fabrizio -- Zitvogel, Laurence -- Kroemer, Guido -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Nov 20;350(6263):972-8. doi: 10.1126/science.aad0779. Epub 2015 Oct 29.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France. INSERM, U1138, Paris, France. Equipe 11 Labellisee par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France. Universite Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France. Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France. ; Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France. INSERM, U1138, Paris, France. Equipe 11 Labellisee par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France. Universite Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France. Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France. Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China. Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. ; Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France. INSERM, U1138, Paris, France. Equipe 11 Labellisee par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France. Faculte de Medecine, Universite Paris-Saclay, Kremlin-Bicetre, France. ; Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy. ; Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France. INSERM, U1138, Paris, France. Equipe 11 Labellisee par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France. Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France. ; Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France. INSERM, U1138, Paris, France. Equipe 11 Labellisee par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France. ; Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France. INSERM, U1138, Paris, France. Equipe 11 Labellisee par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France. Universite Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France. ; Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France. INSERM, U1015, Villejuif, France. Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer (CICBT) 507, Villejuif, France. ; Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy. ; Italian National Research Council, Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnology, Rome, Italy. ; Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life and Medical Science Center Institute, University of Bonn, Germany. ; Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France. INSERM, U981, Villejuif, France. ; Universite Paris Sorbonne Cite, UMRS 775, INSERM, Paris, France. INSERM U1147, Centre de Ressources Biologiques (CRB) EPIGENETIC, Paris, France. ; Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France. INSERM, U1138, Paris, France. Equipe 11 Labellisee par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France. Faculte de Medecine, Universite Paris-Saclay, Kremlin-Bicetre, France. Sotio, Prague, Czech Republic. ; Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Georges-Francois Leclerc, Dijon, France. Universite Bourgogne Franche-Comte, Dijon, France. Centre Georges Francois Leclerc, Dijon, France. ; Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. ; Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epiniere, ICM CNRS UMR 7225 - INSERM U 1127 - UPMC-P6 UMR S 1127, Equipe Neurogenetique et Physiologie Hopital de la Pitie-Salpetriere, 47, Boulevard de l'Hopital, 75013 Paris, France. ; INSERM U1147, Centre de Ressources Biologiques (CRB) EPIGENETIC, Paris, France. Department of Medical Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif Cedex, France. ; Faculte de Medecine, Universite Paris-Saclay, Kremlin-Bicetre, France. Department of Medical Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif Cedex, France. ; INSERM, U981, Villejuif, France. Department of Breast Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France. ; University of Franche-Comte, INSERM 1098, France. ; Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France. INSERM, U981, Villejuif, France. Department of Biology and Pathology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France. Department of Medical Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France. ; Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy. Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata," Rome, Italy. ; Universite Paris Sorbonne Cite, UMRS 775, INSERM, Paris, France. INSERM U1147, Centre de Ressources Biologiques (CRB) EPIGENETIC, Paris, France. Pole de Biologie, Hopital Europeen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France. ; Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France. Faculte de Medecine, Universite Paris-Saclay, Kremlin-Bicetre, France. INSERM, U1015, Villejuif, France. Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer (CICBT) 507, Villejuif, France. kroemer@orange.fr laurence.zitvogel@gustaveroussy.fr. ; Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France. INSERM, U1138, Paris, France. Equipe 11 Labellisee par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France. Universite Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France. Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France. Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France. Pole de Biologie, Hopital Europeen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France. Karolinska Institute, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden. kroemer@orange.fr laurence.zitvogel@gustaveroussy.fr.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26516201" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Animals ; Annexin A1/metabolism/pharmacology ; Anthracyclines/*therapeutic use ; Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy/immunology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Colorectal Neoplasms/drug therapy/immunology ; Dendritic Cells/drug effects/immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate/genetics ; Leukocytes/drug effects/immunology ; Mice ; Neoplasms/*drug therapy/*immunology ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Receptors, Formyl Peptide/genetics/*physiology ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-05-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Callier, Viviane -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 May 1;348(6234):488. doi: 10.1126/science.348.6234.488. Epub 2015 Apr 30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25931532" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Blood Chemical Analysis/*methods ; Carbon Isotopes/analysis/blood ; Crops, Agricultural/*chemistry ; *Diet ; Dietary Carbohydrates/*administration & dosage/*blood ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mass Spectrometry/methods ; Obesity/blood/epidemiology/*prevention & control ; Zea mays/chemistry
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 50
    Publication Date: 2015-09-12
    Description: Monoclonal antibodies directed against cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4), such as ipilimumab, yield considerable clinical benefit for patients with metastatic melanoma by inhibiting immune checkpoint activity, but clinical predictors of response to these therapies remain incompletely characterized. To investigate the roles of tumor-specific neoantigens and alterations in the tumor microenvironment in the response to ipilimumab, we analyzed whole exomes from pretreatment melanoma tumor biopsies and matching germline tissue samples from 110 patients. For 40 of these patients, we also obtained and analyzed transcriptome data from the pretreatment tumor samples. Overall mutational load, neoantigen load, and expression of cytolytic markers in the immune microenvironment were significantly associated with clinical benefit. However, no recurrent neoantigen peptide sequences predicted responder patient populations. Thus, detailed integrated molecular characterization of large patient cohorts may be needed to identify robust determinants of response and resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Van Allen, Eliezer M -- Miao, Diana -- Schilling, Bastian -- Shukla, Sachet A -- Blank, Christian -- Zimmer, Lisa -- Sucker, Antje -- Hillen, Uwe -- Foppen, Marnix H Geukes -- Goldinger, Simone M -- Utikal, Jochen -- Hassel, Jessica C -- Weide, Benjamin -- Kaehler, Katharina C -- Loquai, Carmen -- Mohr, Peter -- Gutzmer, Ralf -- Dummer, Reinhard -- Gabriel, Stacey -- Wu, Catherine J -- Schadendorf, Dirk -- Garraway, Levi A -- U54 HG003067/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Oct 9;350(6257):207-11. doi: 10.1126/science.aad0095. Epub 2015 Sep 10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA. ; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. ; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany. German Cancer Consortium(DKTK), 69121 Heidelberg, Germany. ; Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, Netherlands. ; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland. ; Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center(DKTK), 69121 Heidelberg, Germany. Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center(DKTK), 69121 Heidelberg, Germany. Department of Dermatology, Venerology, and Allergology, University Medical Center, Ruprecht-Karls University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany. ; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Ruprecht-Karls University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. ; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Tubingen, 72076 Tubingen, Germany. ; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany. ; Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, 55131 Mainz, Germany. ; Department of Dermatology, Elbe-Kliniken, 21614 Buxtehude, Germany. ; Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Skin Cancer Center Hannover, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany. ; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. ; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany. German Cancer Consortium(DKTK), 69121 Heidelberg, Germany. levi_garraway@dfci.harvard.edu dirk.schadendorf@uk-essen.de. ; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA. levi_garraway@dfci.harvard.edu dirk.schadendorf@uk-essen.de.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26359337" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Antigens, Neoplasm/*genetics ; *Biomarkers, Pharmacological ; CTLA-4 Antigen/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Cell Cycle Checkpoints/genetics/immunology ; Cohort Studies ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics ; Exome ; Female ; Genomics ; HLA Antigens/genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Melanoma/*drug therapy/*genetics/secondary ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Skin Neoplasms/*drug therapy/*genetics/pathology ; Tumor Microenvironment/drug effects/immunology ; Young Adult
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  • 51
    Publication Date: 2015-05-16
    Description: Voelkle challenges our conclusions regarding the relationship between morality and momentary happiness/sense of purpose based on methodological concerns. We show that our main conclusions are not affected by this methodological critique and clarify that the discrepancies between our and Voelkle's effect size estimates can be reconciled by the realization that two different (but compatible) research questions are being asked.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hofmann, Wilhelm -- Wisneski, Daniel C -- Brandt, Mark J -- Skitka, Linda J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 May 15;348(6236):767. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa3053.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychology, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany. wilhelm.hofmann@uni-koeln.de. ; Department of Psychology, Saint Peter's University, Jersey City, NJ 07306, USA. ; Department of Social Psychology, Tilburg University, 5037 AB, Tilburg, Netherlands. ; Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25977545" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Female ; Humans ; Male ; *Morals
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  • 52
    Publication Date: 2015-06-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Van Hiel, Alain -- Roets, Arne -- Van Assche, Jasper -- Bostyn, Dries -- De keersmaecker, Jonas -- Haesevoets, Tessa -- Joosten, Anne -- Stadeus, Jonas -- Onraet, Emma -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jun 12;348(6240):1216. doi: 10.1126/science.348.6240.1216-a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Ghent University, Department of Developmental, Personality and Social Psychology, Social Psychology Unit, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium. alain.vanhiel@ugent.be. ; Ghent University, Department of Developmental, Personality and Social Psychology, Social Psychology Unit, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26068838" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Female ; *Happiness ; Humans ; Male ; *Politics ; *Self-Assessment
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 53
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-10-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nathan, Carl -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Oct 9;350(6257):161. doi: 10.1126/science.aad4141.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA. cnathan@med.cornell.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26450196" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Female ; *Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Humans ; Immune System Diseases/*microbiology/*pathology ; Lymphatic Diseases/*pathology ; Male ; Yersinia pseudotuberculosis/*physiology ; Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Infections/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 54
    Publication Date: 2015-01-13
    Description: Parasitic worms modulate host immune responses in ways that affect microbial co-infections. For this reason, anthelmintic therapy may be a potent tool for indirectly controlling microbial pathogens. However, the population-level consequences of this type of intervention on co-infecting microbes are unknown. We evaluated the effects of anthelmintic treatment on bovine tuberculosis (BTB) acquisition, mortality after infection, and pathogen fitness in free-ranging African buffalo. We found that treatment had no effect on the probability of BTB infection, but buffalo survival after infection was ninefold higher among treated individuals. These contrasting effects translated into an approximately eightfold increase in the reproductive number of BTB for anthelmintic-treated compared with untreated buffalo. Our results indicate that anthelmintic treatment can enhance the spread of microbial pathogens in some real-world situations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ezenwa, Vanessa O -- Jolles, Anna E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jan 9;347(6218):175-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1261714.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Odum School of Ecology and Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA. vezenwa@uga.edu. ; College of Veterinary Medicine and Department of Integrative Biology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25574023" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antinematodal Agents/*therapeutic use ; Buffaloes/immunology/microbiology/parasitology ; Cattle ; Coinfection ; Communicable Diseases/immunology/*mortality/veterinary ; Female ; Fenbendazole/therapeutic use ; Genetic Fitness/*drug effects ; Helminthiasis, Animal/*drug therapy/immunology ; Host-Pathogen Interactions/*drug effects/immunology ; Incidence ; Mycobacterium bovis/*drug effects/genetics/physiology ; Th1 Cells/immunology ; Tuberculosis, Bovine/immunology/*mortality
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  • 55
    Publication Date: 2015-06-06
    Description: Aneuploidy in human eggs is the leading cause of pregnancy loss and several genetic disorders such as Down syndrome. Most aneuploidy results from chromosome segregation errors during the meiotic divisions of an oocyte, the egg's progenitor cell. The basis for particularly error-prone chromosome segregation in human oocytes is not known. We analyzed meiosis in more than 100 live human oocytes and identified an error-prone chromosome-mediated spindle assembly mechanism as a major contributor to chromosome segregation defects. Human oocytes assembled a meiotic spindle independently of either centrosomes or other microtubule organizing centers. Instead, spindle assembly was mediated by chromosomes and the small guanosine triphosphatase Ran in a process requiring ~16 hours. This unusually long spindle assembly period was marked by intrinsic spindle instability and abnormal kinetochore-microtubule attachments, which favor chromosome segregation errors and provide a possible explanation for high rates of aneuploidy in human eggs.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4477045/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4477045/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holubcova, Zuzana -- Blayney, Martyn -- Elder, Kay -- Schuh, Melina -- MC_U105192711/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jun 5;348(6239):1143-7. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa9529.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Medical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK. ; Bourn Hall Clinic, Bourn, Cambridge CB23 2TN, UK. ; Medical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK. mschuh@mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26045437" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anaphase ; *Aneuploidy ; Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; *Chromosome Segregation ; Female ; Green Fluorescent Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Humans ; Kinetochores/metabolism ; *Meiosis ; Mice ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Microtubule-Organizing Center/metabolism ; Oocytes/*pathology ; Spindle Apparatus/*metabolism ; ran GTP-Binding Protein/metabolism
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  • 56
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-02-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Falzarano, Darryl -- Feldmann, Heinz -- Intramural NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Feb 27;347(6225):947-8. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa8121.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization-International Vaccine Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK Canada. ; Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA. feldmannh@niaid.nih.gov.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25722396" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antiviral Agents/*pharmacology ; Calcium Channel Blockers/*pharmacology ; Calcium Channels/*physiology ; Ebolavirus/*physiology ; Female ; Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola/*therapy ; Humans ; *Molecular Targeted Therapy ; Virus Internalization/*drug effects
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  • 57
    Publication Date: 2015-09-05
    Description: Growing up on a dairy farm protects children from allergy, hay fever, and asthma. A mechanism linking exposure to this endotoxin (bacterial lipopolysaccharide)-rich environment with protection has remained elusive. Here we show that chronic exposure to low-dose endotoxin or farm dust protects mice from developing house dust mite (HDM)-induced asthma. Endotoxin reduced epithelial cell cytokines that activate dendritic cells (DCs), thus suppressing type 2 immunity to HDMs. Loss of the ubiquitin-modifying enzyme A20 in lung epithelium abolished the protective effect. A single-nucleotide polymorphism in the gene encoding A20 was associated with allergy and asthma risk in children growing up on farms. Thus, the farming environment protects from allergy by modifying the communication between barrier epithelial cells and DCs through A20 induction.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schuijs, Martijn J -- Willart, Monique A -- Vergote, Karl -- Gras, Delphine -- Deswarte, Kim -- Ege, Markus J -- Madeira, Filipe Branco -- Beyaert, Rudi -- van Loo, Geert -- Bracher, Franz -- von Mutius, Erika -- Chanez, Pascal -- Lambrecht, Bart N -- Hammad, Hamida -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Sep 4;349(6252):1106-10. doi: 10.1126/science.aac6623.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Immunoregulation, VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent, Belgium. Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. ; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Marseille, UMR INSERM U1067 CNRS 7333, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France. ; Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat, Munich, Germany. ; Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction, VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent, Belgium. Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. ; Center for Drug Research, Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig Maximilians University, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, D-81377 Munich, Germany. ; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent, Belgium. Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands. hamida.hammad@ugent.be bart.lambrecht@ugent.be. ; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent, Belgium. Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. hamida.hammad@ugent.be bart.lambrecht@ugent.be.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26339029" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Asthma/immunology/prevention & control ; Cells, Cultured ; Child ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*biosynthesis ; Dairying ; Dendritic Cells/immunology ; Dust/*immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Hygiene Hypothesis ; Hypersensitivity/enzymology/immunology/*prevention & control ; Inhalation Exposure ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/*biosynthesis ; Lipopolysaccharides/*immunology ; Lung/*enzymology/immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Nuclear Proteins/*biosynthesis ; Pyroglyphidae/*immunology ; Respiratory Mucosa/*enzymology/immunology
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  • 58
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-05-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nicholson, Emily -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 May 15;348(6236):830. doi: 10.1126/science.348.6236.830.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Emily Nicholson is a senior lecturer at the Centre for Integrative Ecology at Deakin University, Melbourne Burwood, in Australia. She is grateful to Mick McCarthy and Emma Johnston for their advice. For more on life and careers, visit sciencecareers.org. Send your story to SciCareerEditor@aaas.org.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25977555" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Career Mobility ; Female ; Humans ; *Job Application ; Mothers ; Parental Leave ; *Women, Working
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  • 59
    Publication Date: 2015-01-17
    Description: The gender imbalance in STEM subjects dominates current debates about women's underrepresentation in academia. However, women are well represented at the Ph.D. level in some sciences and poorly represented in some humanities (e.g., in 2011, 54% of U.S. Ph.D.'s in molecular biology were women versus only 31% in philosophy). We hypothesize that, across the academic spectrum, women are underrepresented in fields whose practitioners believe that raw, innate talent is the main requirement for success, because women are stereotyped as not possessing such talent. This hypothesis extends to African Americans' underrepresentation as well, as this group is subject to similar stereotypes. Results from a nationwide survey of academics support our hypothesis (termed the field-specific ability beliefs hypothesis) over three competing hypotheses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Leslie, Sarah-Jane -- Cimpian, Andrei -- Meyer, Meredith -- Freeland, Edward -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jan 16;347(6219):262-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1261375.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Philosophy, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. ; Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA. ; Department of Psychology, Otterbein University, Westerville, OH 43081, USA. ; Survey Research Center, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25593183" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Achievement ; African Americans ; *Aptitude ; *Attitude ; Career Choice ; Culture ; Education, Graduate ; Faculty ; Female ; Humans ; *Intelligence ; Male ; Natural Science Disciplines/*manpower ; Sex Characteristics ; *Sexism ; Social Sciences/*manpower ; Stereotyping ; Students ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Women
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  • 60
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-07-18
    Description: Large-scale aggregate analyses of anonymized data can yield valuable results and insights that address public health challenges and provide new avenues for scientific discovery. These methods can extend our knowledge and provide new tools for enhancing health and wellbeing. However, they raise questions about how to best address potential threats to privacy while reaping benefits for individuals and to society as a whole. The use of machine learning to make leaps across informational and social contexts to infer health conditions and risks from nonmedical data provides representative scenarios for reflections on directions with balancing innovation and regulation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Horvitz, Eric -- Mulligan, Deirdre -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jul 17;349(6245):253-5. doi: 10.1126/science.aac4520. Epub 2015 Jul 16.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Microsoft Research, Redmond, WA 98052, USA. horvitz@microsoft.com dmulligan@berkeley.edu. ; University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. horvitz@microsoft.com dmulligan@berkeley.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26185242" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anonymous Testing/*ethics/legislation & jurisprudence/methods ; Artificial Intelligence/*ethics/legislation & jurisprudence ; Depression, Postpartum/diagnosis/prevention & control ; *Early Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Policy Making ; *Privacy ; Social Networking
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  • 61
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-04-04
    Description: The clinical relevance of T cells in the control of a diverse set of human cancers is now beyond doubt. However, the nature of the antigens that allow the immune system to distinguish cancer cells from noncancer cells has long remained obscure. Recent technological innovations have made it possible to dissect the immune response to patient-specific neoantigens that arise as a consequence of tumor-specific mutations, and emerging data suggest that recognition of such neoantigens is a major factor in the activity of clinical immunotherapies. These observations indicate that neoantigen load may form a biomarker in cancer immunotherapy and provide an incentive for the development of novel therapeutic approaches that selectively enhance T cell reactivity against this class of antigens.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schumacher, Ton N -- Schreiber, Robert D -- R01CA04305926/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Apr 3;348(6230):69-74. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa4971.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, Netherlands. t.schumacher@nki.nl schreiber@immunology.wustl.edu. ; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. t.schumacher@nki.nl schreiber@immunology.wustl.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25838375" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antigens, Neoplasm/genetics/*immunology ; Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics/*immunology ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Exome ; Female ; Genes, Neoplasm ; Humans ; Immunotherapy/*methods ; Mutation ; Neoplasms/genetics/immunology/*therapy ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology
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  • 62
    Publication Date: 2015-11-07
    Description: Antibodies targeting CTLA-4 have been successfully used as cancer immunotherapy. We find that the antitumor effects of CTLA-4 blockade depend on distinct Bacteroides species. In mice and patients, T cell responses specific for B. thetaiotaomicron or B. fragilis were associated with the efficacy of CTLA-4 blockade. Tumors in antibiotic-treated or germ-free mice did not respond to CTLA blockade. This defect was overcome by gavage with B. fragilis, by immunization with B. fragilis polysaccharides, or by adoptive transfer of B. fragilis-specific T cells. Fecal microbial transplantation from humans to mice confirmed that treatment of melanoma patients with antibodies against CTLA-4 favored the outgrowth of B. fragilis with anticancer properties. This study reveals a key role for Bacteroidales in the immunostimulatory effects of CTLA-4 blockade.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4721659/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4721659/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vetizou, Marie -- Pitt, Jonathan M -- Daillere, Romain -- Lepage, Patricia -- Waldschmitt, Nadine -- Flament, Caroline -- Rusakiewicz, Sylvie -- Routy, Bertrand -- Roberti, Maria P -- Duong, Connie P M -- Poirier-Colame, Vichnou -- Roux, Antoine -- Becharef, Sonia -- Formenti, Silvia -- Golden, Encouse -- Cording, Sascha -- Eberl, Gerard -- Schlitzer, Andreas -- Ginhoux, Florent -- Mani, Sridhar -- Yamazaki, Takahiro -- Jacquelot, Nicolas -- Enot, David P -- Berard, Marion -- Nigou, Jerome -- Opolon, Paule -- Eggermont, Alexander -- Woerther, Paul-Louis -- Chachaty, Elisabeth -- Chaput, Nathalie -- Robert, Caroline -- Mateus, Christina -- Kroemer, Guido -- Raoult, Didier -- Boneca, Ivo Gomperts -- Carbonnel, Franck -- Chamaillard, Mathias -- Zitvogel, Laurence -- R01 CA161879/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Nov 27;350(6264):1079-84. doi: 10.1126/science.aad1329. Epub 2015 Nov 5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institut de Cancerologie Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France. INSERM U1015, GRCC, Villejuif, France. University of Paris Sud XI, Kremlin-Bicetre, France. ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Micalis-UMR1319, 78360 Jouy-en-Josas, France. ; University of Lille, CNRS, INSERM, Centre Hospitalier Regional Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019, UMR 8204, Centre d'Infection et d'Immunite de Lille (CIIL), F-59000 Lille, France. ; Institut de Cancerologie Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France. INSERM U1015, GRCC, Villejuif, France. Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer 1428, Villejuif, France. ; Institut de Cancerologie Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France. INSERM U1015, GRCC, Villejuif, France. University of Paris Sud XI, Kremlin-Bicetre, France. Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer 1428, Villejuif, France. ; Institut de Cancerologie Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France. INSERM U1015, GRCC, Villejuif, France. Universite Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France. ; Department of Radiation Oncology, New York University, New York, NY, USA. ; Microenvironment and Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France. ; Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore. ; Department of Genetics and Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA. ; Institut de Cancerologie Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France. Universite Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France. Metabolomics Platform, GRCC, Villejuif, France. ; Animalerie Centrale, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France. ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Toulouse, France. Universite de Toulouse, Universite Paul Sabatier, IPBS, F-31077 Toulouse, France. ; Institut de Cancerologie Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France. ; Institut de Cancerologie Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France. INSERM U1015, GRCC, Villejuif, France. Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France. ; Service de microbiologie, GRCC, Villejuif, France. ; Institut de Cancerologie Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France. Laboratory of Immunomonitoring in Oncology, UMS 3655 CNRS/US 23 INSERM, GRCC, Villejuif, France. ; Institut de Cancerologie Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France. Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France. INSERM U981, GRCC, Villejuif, France. ; Institut de Cancerologie Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France. Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France. ; Universite Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France. Metabolomics Platform, GRCC, Villejuif, France. INSERM U848, Villejuif, France. Equipe 11 Labellisee-Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Paris, France. Pole de Biologie, Hopital Europeen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Paris, France. ; Unite des Rickettsies, Faculte de Medecine, Universite de la Mediterranee, Marseille, France. ; Institut Pasteur, Unit of Biology and Genetics of the Bacterial Cell Wall, Paris, France. INSERM, Equipe Avenir, Paris, France. ; University of Paris Sud XI, Kremlin-Bicetre, France. Gastroenterology Department, Hopital Bicetre, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Paris, France. ; Institut de Cancerologie Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France. INSERM U1015, GRCC, Villejuif, France. University of Paris Sud XI, Kremlin-Bicetre, France. Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer 1428, Villejuif, France. laurence.zitvogel@gustaveroussy.fr.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26541610" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/adverse effects/*therapeutic use ; Bacteroides/*immunology ; CTLA-4 Antigen/*antagonists & inhibitors/immunology ; Dysbiosis/immunology ; Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/drug effects/*immunology ; Germ-Free Life/immunology ; Humans ; Immunologic Memory ; Immunotherapy ; Intestines/immunology/microbiology ; Male ; Melanoma/*therapy ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Middle Aged ; Skin Neoplasms/*therapy ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology
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  • 63
    Publication Date: 2015-05-30
    Description: Although people may endorse egalitarianism and tolerance, social biases can remain operative and drive harmful actions in an unconscious manner. Here, we investigated training to reduce implicit racial and gender bias. Forty participants processed counterstereotype information paired with one sound for each type of bias. Biases were reduced immediately after training. During subsequent slow-wave sleep, one sound was unobtrusively presented to each participant, repeatedly, to reactivate one type of training. Corresponding bias reductions were fortified in comparison with the social bias not externally reactivated during sleep. This advantage remained 1 week later, the magnitude of which was associated with time in slow-wave and rapid-eye-movement sleep after training. We conclude that memory reactivation during sleep enhances counterstereotype training and that maintaining a bias reduction is sleep-dependent.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4467959/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4467959/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hu, Xiaoqing -- Antony, James W -- Creery, Jessica D -- Vargas, Iliana M -- Bodenhausen, Galen V -- Paller, Ken A -- F31 MH100958/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- F31-MH100958/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- T32 AG020506/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- T32-AG020418/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 May 29;348(6238):1013-5. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa3841.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA. Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA. ; Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA. Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. ; Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA. ; Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA. kap@northwestern.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26023137" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; *Cognition ; Continental Population Groups/psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Memory/*physiology ; Prejudice/*psychology ; Sex Factors ; Sleep, REM/*physiology ; Young Adult
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  • 64
    Publication Date: 2015-06-13
    Description: Sex determination is an essential step in the commitment of a germ cell to a sperm or egg. However, the intrinsic factors that determine the sexual fate of vertebrate germ cells are unknown. Here, we show that foxl3, which is expressed in germ cells but not somatic cells in the gonad, is involved in sperm-egg fate decision in medaka fish. Adult XX medaka with disrupted foxl3 developed functional sperm in the expanded germinal epithelium of a histologically functional ovary. In chimeric medaka, mutant germ cells initiated spermatogenesis in female wild-type gonad. These results indicate that a germ cell-intrinsic cue for the sperm-egg fate decision is present in medaka and that spermatogenesis can proceed in a female gonadal environment.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nishimura, Toshiya -- Sato, Tetsuya -- Yamamoto, Yasuhiro -- Watakabe, Ikuko -- Ohkawa, Yasuyuki -- Suyama, Mikita -- Kobayashi, Satoru -- Tanaka, Minoru -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jul 17;349(6245):328-31. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa2657. Epub 2015 Jun 11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Molecular Genetics for Reproduction, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan. Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Okazaki 444-8585, Japan. ; Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan. Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan. ; Laboratory of Molecular Genetics for Reproduction, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan. ; Department of Advanced Medical Initiatives, JST-CREST, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan. ; Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Okazaki 444-8585, Japan. Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan. ; Laboratory of Molecular Genetics for Reproduction, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan. Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Okazaki 444-8585, Japan. mtanaka@nibb.ac.jp.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26067255" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Female ; Forkhead Transcription Factors/genetics/*physiology ; Male ; Oocytes/cytology/*physiology ; Oryzias/genetics/*growth & development ; Sex Determination Processes/*genetics ; Spermatogenesis/genetics ; Spermatozoa/cytology/*physiology
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  • 65
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-05-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Feld, Gordon B -- Born, Jan -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 May 29;348(6238):971-2. doi: 10.1126/science.aab4048.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉University of Tuebingen, Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, Otfried-Muller-Strabetae 25, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany. jan.born@uni-tuebingen.de gordon.feld@uni-tuebingen.de.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26023122" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Cognition ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Memory/*physiology ; Prejudice/*psychology ; Sleep, REM/*physiology
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  • 66
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-05-16
    Description: In examining morality in everyday life, Hofmann et al. (Reports, 12 September 2014, p. 1340) conclude that being the target of (im)moral deeds impacts happiness, whereas committing them primarily affects one's sense of purpose. I point to shortcomings in the analyses and interpretations and caution that, based on the methodological approach, conclusions about everyday life relationships between morality and happiness/purpose are premature.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Voelkle, Manuel C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 May 15;348(6236):767. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa2409.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Humboldt University Berlin, Department of Psychology, Rudower Chaussee 18, 12489 Berlin, Germany. Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Lentzeallee 94, 14195 Berlin, Germany. voelkle@mpib-berlin.mpg.de.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25977544" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Female ; Humans ; Male ; *Morals
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  • 67
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-02-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chen, Andrew -- Koehler, Angela N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Feb 13;347(6223):713-4. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa6119.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biological Engineering, Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. ; Department of Biological Engineering, Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA. koehler@mit.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25678644" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents/*therapeutic use ; Benzimidazoles/*therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/*drug therapy ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/*antagonists & inhibitors
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  • 68
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-07-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Normile, Dennis -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jul 10;349(6244):127-8. doi: 10.1126/science.349.6244.127.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26160922" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; *Career Choice ; Faculty ; Female ; Goals ; Humans ; Japan ; *Research Personnel ; Science/*manpower ; *Women
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  • 69
    Publication Date: 2015-09-19
    Description: We studied the distributional preferences of an elite cadre of Yale Law School students, a group that will assume positions of power in U.S. society. Our experimental design allows us to test whether redistributive decisions are consistent with utility maximization and to decompose underlying preferences into two qualitatively different tradeoffs: fair-mindedness versus self-interest, and equality versus efficiency. Yale Law School subjects are more consistent than subjects drawn from the American Life Panel, a diverse sample of Americans. Relative to the American Life Panel, Yale Law School subjects are also less fair-minded and substantially more efficiency-focused. We further show that our measure of equality-efficiency tradeoffs predicts Yale Law School students' career choices: Equality-minded subjects are more likely to be employed at nonprofit organizations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fisman, Raymond -- Jakiela, Pamela -- Kariv, Shachar -- Markovits, Daniel -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Sep 18;349(6254):aab0096. doi: 10.1126/science.aab0096.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Economics, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA. rfisman@bu.edu. ; Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA. ; Department of Economics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkely, CA, USA. ; Yale Law School, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26383958" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Administrative Personnel/*psychology ; Adult ; Attitude ; *Career Choice ; Employment ; Female ; Humans ; Jurisprudence ; Organizations, Nonprofit ; *Power (Psychology) ; Public Opinion ; *Resource Allocation ; Social Justice/*psychology ; Students ; United States
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  • 70
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-05-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chen, Ingfei -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 May 8;348(6235):626-7. doi: 10.1126/science.348.6235.626.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25953990" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abortion, Habitual/*parasitology/*prevention & control ; Abortion, Veterinary/*parasitology/*prevention & control ; Animals ; California ; Cattle ; Cattle Diseases/*parasitology/*prevention & control ; Female ; *Ornithodoros ; Pregnancy ; Tick Infestations/complications/*veterinary ; Vaccines/administration & dosage
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  • 71
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-09-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hunter-Schaedle, Kim -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Sep 4;349(6252):1134. doi: 10.1126/science.349.6252.1134.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Kim Hunter-Schaedle lives in western Massachusetts and works at Austen Riggs Center, a psychiatric hospital in Stockbridge. For more on life and careers, visit sciencecareers.org. Send your story to SciCareerEditor@aaas.org.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26339032" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Breast Neoplasms/*drug therapy ; *Career Mobility ; *Drug Discovery ; Female ; Humans ; Mental Health Services ; Translational Medical Research/trends
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  • 72
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-04-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vohr, Samuel H -- Green, Richard E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Apr 10;348(6231):180-1. doi: 10.1126/science.aab0877.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA. ; Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA. ed@soe.ucsc.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25859029" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aneuploidy ; Embryo, Mammalian/*physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; *Mitosis ; *Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/*genetics
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  • 73
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-11-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vyazovskiy, Vladyslav V -- 098461/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 98461/Z/12/Z/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Nov 20;350(6263):909-10. doi: 10.1126/science.aad6489.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. vladyslav.vyazovskiy@dpag.ox.ac.uk.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26586746" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Female ; Male ; Neurons/*physiology ; Rhombencephalon/*cytology/*embryology ; Sleep, REM/*physiology ; Wakefulness/*physiology
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  • 74
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-02-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hvistendahl, Mara -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Feb 13;347(6223):700-1. doi: 10.1126/science.347.6223.700.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25678636" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Zoo/*virology ; Breeding ; China ; Disease Outbreaks/prevention & control/*veterinary ; Distemper/mortality/*prevention & control/*transmission ; *Distemper Virus, Canine ; Dogs ; *Endangered Species ; Female ; Male ; Ursidae/*virology
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-01-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hvistendahl, Mara -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jan 23;347(6220):359-60. doi: 10.1126/science.347.6220.359.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25613870" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Afghanistan/epidemiology ; Birth Rate ; Female ; Health Services Accessibility ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Maternal Mortality ; Mortality/*trends ; *Population Dynamics ; Prenatal Care
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  • 76
    Publication Date: 2015-02-14
    Description: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common form of adult leukemia. The transcription factor fusion CBFbeta-SMMHC (core binding factor beta and the smooth-muscle myosin heavy chain), expressed in AML with the chromosome inversion inv(16)(p13q22), outcompetes wild-type CBFbeta for binding to the transcription factor RUNX1, deregulates RUNX1 activity in hematopoiesis, and induces AML. Current inv(16) AML treatment with nonselective cytotoxic chemotherapy results in a good initial response but limited long-term survival. Here, we report the development of a protein-protein interaction inhibitor, AI-10-49, that selectively binds to CBFbeta-SMMHC and disrupts its binding to RUNX1. AI-10-49 restores RUNX1 transcriptional activity, displays favorable pharmacokinetics, and delays leukemia progression in mice. Treatment of primary inv(16) AML patient blasts with AI-10-49 triggers selective cell death. These data suggest that direct inhibition of the oncogenic CBFbeta-SMMHC fusion protein may be an effective therapeutic approach for inv(16) AML, and they provide support for transcription factor targeted therapy in other cancers.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4423805/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4423805/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Illendula, Anuradha -- Pulikkan, John A -- Zong, Hongliang -- Grembecka, Jolanta -- Xue, Liting -- Sen, Siddhartha -- Zhou, Yunpeng -- Boulton, Adam -- Kuntimaddi, Aravinda -- Gao, Yan -- Rajewski, Roger A -- Guzman, Monica L -- Castilla, Lucio H -- Bushweller, John H -- 1 DP2 OD007399-01/OD/NIH HHS/ -- DP2 OD007399/OD/NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI039536/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA096983/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA140398/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM080186/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Feb 13;347(6223):779-84. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa0314.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA. ; Program in Gene Function and Expression, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA. ; Department of Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA. ; Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. ; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA. ; Program in Gene Function and Expression, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA. jhb4v@virginia.edu Lucio.Castilla@umassmed.edu. ; Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA. jhb4v@virginia.edu Lucio.Castilla@umassmed.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25678665" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry/*therapeutic use ; Benzimidazoles/chemistry/*therapeutic use ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/*drug therapy ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/*antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Protein Interaction Maps ; Small Molecule Libraries/chemistry
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  • 77
    Publication Date: 2016-01-20
    Description: Mitochondrial morphology is shaped by fusion and division of their membranes. Here, we found that adult myocardial function depends on balanced mitochondrial fusion and fission, maintained by processing of the dynamin-like guanosine triphosphatase OPA1 by the mitochondrial peptidases YME1L and OMA1. Cardiac-specific ablation of Yme1l in mice activated OMA1 and accelerated OPA1 proteolysis, which triggered mitochondrial fragmentation and altered cardiac metabolism. This caused dilated cardiomyopathy and heart failure. Cardiac function and mitochondrial morphology were rescued by Oma1 deletion, which prevented OPA1 cleavage. Feeding mice a high-fat diet or ablating Yme1l in skeletal muscle restored cardiac metabolism and preserved heart function without suppressing mitochondrial fragmentation. Thus, unprocessed OPA1 is sufficient to maintain heart function, OMA1 is a critical regulator of cardiomyocyte survival, and mitochondrial morphology and cardiac metabolism are intimately linked.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wai, Timothy -- Garcia-Prieto, Jaime -- Baker, Michael J -- Merkwirth, Carsten -- Benit, Paule -- Rustin, Pierre -- Ruperez, Francisco Javier -- Barbas, Coral -- Ibanez, Borja -- Langer, Thomas -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Dec 4;350(6265):aad0116. doi: 10.1126/science.aad0116.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, 50674 Cologne, Germany. Max-Planck-Institute for Biology of Aging, Cologne, Germany. ; Myocardial Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain. ; Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, 50674 Cologne, Germany. ; INSERM UMR 1141, Hopital Robert Debre, Paris, France. Universite Paris 7, Faculte de Medecine Denis Diderot, Paris, France. ; Centre for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis (CEMBIO), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad San Pablo CEU, Campus Monteprincipe, Boadilla del Monte, 28668 Madrid, Spain. ; Myocardial Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain. Department of Cardiology, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria (IIS), Fundacion Jimenez Diaz Hospital, Madrid, Spain. thomas.langer@uni-koeln.de bibanez@cnic.es. ; Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, 50674 Cologne, Germany. Max-Planck-Institute for Biology of Aging, Cologne, Germany. Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. thomas.langer@uni-koeln.de bibanez@cnic.es.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26785494" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated/genetics/metabolism/pathology ; Diet, High-Fat ; Embryonic Development ; Female ; GTP Phosphohydrolases ; Gene Deletion ; Heart/embryology ; Heart Failure/genetics/*metabolism/pathology ; Male ; Metalloendopeptidases/genetics ; Metalloproteases/genetics/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Mitochondria, Heart/*metabolism/ultrastructure ; *Mitochondrial Degradation ; *Mitochondrial Dynamics ; Mitochondrial Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Muscle, Skeletal/enzymology ; Myocardium/*metabolism/pathology ; Myocytes, Cardiac/enzymology/pathology ; Proteolysis
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  • 78
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-08-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Servick, Kelly -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jul 31;349(6247):468-71. doi: 10.1126/science.349.6247.468. Epub 2015 Jul 30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26228124" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Female ; Humans ; *Military Personnel ; Occupations/*standards ; *Physical Fitness ; Reference Standards ; United States ; Weight-Bearing ; *Women
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  • 79
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-10-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Linnarsson, Sten -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Oct 2;350(6256):37. doi: 10.1126/science.aad2792.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden. sten.linnarsson@ki.se.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26430106" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cerebral Cortex/*cytology/*growth & development ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; *Mutation ; Neurons/*cytology/*physiology ; *Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; *Transcription, Genetic
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  • 80
    Publication Date: 2015-12-15
    Description: Individual variation in social behavior seems ubiquitous, but we know little about how it relates to brain diversity. Among monogamous prairie voles, levels of vasopressin receptor (encoded by the gene avpr1a) in brain regions related to spatial memory predict male space use and sexual fidelity in the field. We find that trade-offs between the benefits of male fidelity and infidelity are reflected in patterns of territorial intrusion, offspring paternity, avpr1a expression, and the evolutionary fitness of alternative avpr1a alleles. DNA variation at the avpr1a locus includes polymorphisms that reliably predict the epigenetic status and neural expression of avpr1a, and patterns of DNA diversity demonstrate that avpr1a regulatory variation has been favored by selection. In prairie voles, trade-offs in the fitness consequences of social behaviors seem to promote neuronal and molecular diversity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Okhovat, Mariam -- Berrio, Alejandro -- Wallace, Gerard -- Ophir, Alexander G -- Phelps, Steven M -- R21 HD059092/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Dec 11;350(6266):1371-4. doi: 10.1126/science.aac5791.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station, Campus Code C0930, Austin, TX 78712, USA. ; Department of Psychology, Cornell University, 224 Uris Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA. ; Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station, Campus Code C0930, Austin, TX 78712, USA. sphelps@mail.utexas.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26659055" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Animals ; Arvicolinae/genetics/metabolism/*psychology ; Biological Evolution ; Brain/*metabolism ; DNA/genetics ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Female ; Grassland ; Male ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Receptors, Vasopressin/genetics/*metabolism ; Sexual Behavior/*physiology ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; *Social Behavior ; Spatial Memory/*physiology ; Territoriality
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  • 81
    Publication Date: 2015-07-15
    Description: Human inborn errors of immunity mediated by the cytokines interleukin-17A and interleukin-17F (IL-17A/F) underlie mucocutaneous candidiasis, whereas inborn errors of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) immunity underlie mycobacterial disease. We report the discovery of bi-allelic RORC loss-of-function mutations in seven individuals from three kindreds of different ethnic origins with both candidiasis and mycobacteriosis. The lack of functional RORgamma and RORgammaT isoforms resulted in the absence of IL-17A/F-producing T cells in these individuals, probably accounting for their chronic candidiasis. Unexpectedly, leukocytes from RORgamma- and RORgammaT-deficient individuals also displayed an impaired IFN-gamma response to Mycobacterium. This principally reflected profoundly defective IFN-gamma production by circulating gammadelta T cells and CD4(+)CCR6(+)CXCR3(+) alphabeta T cells. In humans, both mucocutaneous immunity to Candida and systemic immunity to Mycobacterium require RORgamma, RORgammaT, or both.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4668938/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4668938/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Okada, Satoshi -- Markle, Janet G -- Deenick, Elissa K -- Mele, Federico -- Averbuch, Dina -- Lagos, Macarena -- Alzahrani, Mohammed -- Al-Muhsen, Saleh -- Halwani, Rabih -- Ma, Cindy S -- Wong, Natalie -- Soudais, Claire -- Henderson, Lauren A -- Marzouqa, Hiyam -- Shamma, Jamal -- Gonzalez, Marcela -- Martinez-Barricarte, Ruben -- Okada, Chizuru -- Avery, Danielle T -- Latorre, Daniela -- Deswarte, Caroline -- Jabot-Hanin, Fabienne -- Torrado, Egidio -- Fountain, Jeffrey -- Belkadi, Aziz -- Itan, Yuval -- Boisson, Bertrand -- Migaud, Melanie -- Arlehamn, Cecilia S Lindestam -- Sette, Alessandro -- Breton, Sylvain -- McCluskey, James -- Rossjohn, Jamie -- de Villartay, Jean-Pierre -- Moshous, Despina -- Hambleton, Sophie -- Latour, Sylvain -- Arkwright, Peter D -- Picard, Capucine -- Lantz, Olivier -- Engelhard, Dan -- Kobayashi, Masao -- Abel, Laurent -- Cooper, Andrea M -- Notarangelo, Luigi D -- Boisson-Dupuis, Stephanie -- Puel, Anne -- Sallusto, Federica -- Bustamante, Jacinta -- Tangye, Stuart G -- Casanova, Jean-Laurent -- 8UL1TR000043/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/ -- HHSN272200900044C/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- HHSN272200900044C/PHS HHS/ -- R37 AI095983/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R37AI095983/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- T32 AI007512/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Aug 7;349(6248):606-13. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa4282. Epub 2015 Jul 9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA. Department of Pediatrics, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan. ; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA. jmarkle@rockefeller.edu jean-laurent.casanova@rockefeller.edu. ; Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia. St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. ; Institute for Research in Biomedicine, University of Italian Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland. ; Department of Pediatrics, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel. ; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Valparaiso, Santiago, Chile. Department of Pediatrics, Padre Hurtado Hospital and Clinica Alemana, Santiago, Chile. ; Department of Pediatrics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. ; Department of Pediatrics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Department of Pediatrics, Prince Naif Center for Immunology Research, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. ; Department of Pediatrics, Prince Naif Center for Immunology Research, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. ; Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia. ; Institut Curie, INSERM U932, Paris, France. ; Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA. ; Caritas Baby Hospital, Post Office Box 11535, Jerusalem, Israel. ; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Valparaiso, Santiago, Chile. ; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA. ; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France. Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France. ; Trudeau Institute, Saranac Lake, NY 12983, USA. ; La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. ; Department of Radiology, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France. ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. ; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia. Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia. Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK. ; Laboratoire Dynamique du Genome et Systeme Immunitaire, INSERM UMR 1163, Universite Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cite, Imagine Institute, Paris, France. ; Laboratoire Dynamique du Genome et Systeme Immunitaire, INSERM UMR 1163, Universite Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cite, Imagine Institute, Paris, France. Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit, AP-HP, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France. ; Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University and Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 6BE, UK. ; Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV Infection, INSERM UMR 1163, Universite Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cite, Imagine Institute, Paris, France. ; Department of Paediatric Allergy Immunology, University of Manchester, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester, UK. ; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA. Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France. Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France. Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit, AP-HP, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France. Center for the Study of Primary Immunodeficiencies, AP-HP, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France. ; Department of Pediatrics, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan. ; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA. Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France. Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France. ; Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA. ; Institute for Research in Biomedicine, University of Italian Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland. Center of Medical Immunology, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, University of Italian Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland. ; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA. Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France. Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France. Center for the Study of Primary Immunodeficiencies, AP-HP, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France. ; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA. Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France. Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France. Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit, AP-HP, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA. jmarkle@rockefeller.edu jean-laurent.casanova@rockefeller.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26160376" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Animals ; Candida albicans/*immunology ; Candidiasis, Chronic Mucocutaneous/complications/*genetics/immunology ; Cattle ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Exome/genetics ; Female ; Gene Rearrangement, alpha-Chain T-Cell Antigen Receptor ; Humans ; Immunity/*genetics ; Interferon-gamma/immunology ; Interleukin-17/immunology ; Mice ; Mutation ; Mycobacterium bovis/immunology/isolation & purification ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/immunology/isolation & purification ; Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3/*genetics ; Pedigree ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/genetics/immunology ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/genetics/immunology ; Severe Combined Immunodeficiency/*genetics ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Thymus Gland/abnormalities/immunology ; Tuberculosis, Bovine/*genetics/immunology ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/*genetics/immunology
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  • 82
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-04-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jacobs, Madeleine -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Apr 3;348(6230):150. doi: 10.1126/science.348.6230.150.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉A former editor-in-chief of C&EN, Madeleine Jacobs was CEO of ACS until she retired at the end of 2014. For more on life and careers, visit sciencecareers.sciencemag.org. Send your story to SciCareerEditor@aaas.org.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25838387" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Career Choice ; Chemistry ; Female ; Humans ; *Journalism ; *Women, Working
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  • 83
    Publication Date: 2015-03-07
    Description: Democracies depend on the support of the general population, but little is known about the determinants of this support. We investigated whether support for democracy increases with the length of time spent under the system and whether preferences are thus affected by the political system. Relying on 380,000 individual-level observations from 104 countries over the years 1994 to 2013, and exploiting individual-level variation within a country and a given year in the length of time spent under democracy, we find evidence that political preferences are endogenous. For new democracies, our findings imply that popular support needs time to develop. For example, the effect of around 8.5 more years of democratic experience corresponds to the difference in support for democracy between primary and secondary education.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fuchs-Schundeln, Nicola -- Schundeln, Matthias -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Mar 6;347(6226):1145-8. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa0880.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Goethe University Frankfurt, 60320 Frankfurt, Germany. fuchs@wiwi.uni-frankfurt.de schuendeln@wiwi.uni-frankfurt.de.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25745172" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; *Democracy ; Educational Status ; Female ; Humans ; *Individuality ; Male ; Middle Aged ; *Social Values ; Young Adult
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  • 84
    Publication Date: 2015-09-19
    Description: The indigenous people of Greenland, the Inuit, have lived for a long time in the extreme conditions of the Arctic, including low annual temperatures, and with a specialized diet rich in protein and fatty acids, particularly omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). A scan of Inuit genomes for signatures of adaptation revealed signals at several loci, with the strongest signal located in a cluster of fatty acid desaturases that determine PUFA levels. The selected alleles are associated with multiple metabolic and anthropometric phenotypes and have large effect sizes for weight and height, with the effect on height replicated in Europeans. By analyzing membrane lipids, we found that the selected alleles modulate fatty acid composition, which may affect the regulation of growth hormones. Thus, the Inuit have genetic and physiological adaptations to a diet rich in PUFAs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fumagalli, Matteo -- Moltke, Ida -- Grarup, Niels -- Racimo, Fernando -- Bjerregaard, Peter -- Jorgensen, Marit E -- Korneliussen, Thorfinn S -- Gerbault, Pascale -- Skotte, Line -- Linneberg, Allan -- Christensen, Cramer -- Brandslund, Ivan -- Jorgensen, Torben -- Huerta-Sanchez, Emilia -- Schmidt, Erik B -- Pedersen, Oluf -- Hansen, Torben -- Albrechtsen, Anders -- Nielsen, Rasmus -- R01-HG003229/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Sep 18;349(6254):1343-7. doi: 10.1126/science.aab2319.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Genetics, Evolution, and Environment, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK. Department of Integrative Biology, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. ; The Bioinformatics Centre, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark. ; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. ; Department of Integrative Biology, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. ; National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, 1353 Copenhagen, Denmark. Greenland Center for Health Research, University of Greenland, Nuuk, Greenland. ; National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, 1353 Copenhagen, Denmark. Steno Diabetes Center, 2820 Gentofte, Denmark. ; Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, 1350 Copenhagen, Denmark. ; Department of Genetics, Evolution, and Environment, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK. Department of Anthropology, University College London, London WC1H 0BW, UK. ; Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark. Department of Clinical Experimental Research, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark. Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. ; Department of Medicine, Lillebaelt Hospital, Vejle, Denmark. ; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Lillebaelt Hospital, Vejle, Denmark. Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. ; Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark. Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. Faculty of Medicine, University of Aalborg, Aalborg, Denmark. ; School of Natural Sciences, University of California-Merced, Merced, CA 95343, USA. ; Faculty of Medicine, University of Aalborg, Aalborg, Denmark. Department of Cardiology, Aalborg University Hospital, 9100 Aalborg, Denmark. ; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. torben.hansen@sund.ku.dk albrecht@binf.ku.dk rasmus_nielsen@berkeley.edu. ; The Bioinformatics Centre, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark. torben.hansen@sund.ku.dk albrecht@binf.ku.dk rasmus_nielsen@berkeley.edu. ; Department of Integrative Biology, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Department of Statistics, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. torben.hansen@sund.ku.dk albrecht@binf.ku.dk rasmus_nielsen@berkeley.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26383953" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acclimatization/*genetics ; Alleles ; Arctic Regions ; Body Height/genetics ; Body Weight/genetics ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11/genetics ; Climate ; *Diet, High-Fat ; Fatty Acids, Omega-3/*administration & dosage/analysis ; Female ; Genetic Loci ; Genome, Human/genetics ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Greenland ; Humans ; Inuits/*genetics ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; Male ; Membrane Lipids/analysis/genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Selection, Genetic
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  • 85
    Publication Date: 2015-06-27
    Description: The fear responses to environmental threats play a fundamental role in survival. Little is known about the neural circuits specifically processing threat-relevant sensory information in the mammalian brain. We identified parvalbumin-positive (PV(+)) excitatory projection neurons in mouse superior colliculus (SC) as a key neuronal subtype for detecting looming objects and triggering fear responses. These neurons, distributed predominantly in the superficial SC, divergently projected to different brain areas, including the parabigeminal nucleus (PBGN), an intermediate station leading to the amygdala. Activation of the PV(+) SC-PBGN pathway triggered fear responses, induced conditioned aversion, and caused depression-related behaviors. Approximately 20% of mice subjected to the fear-conditioning paradigm developed a generalized fear memory.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shang, Congping -- Liu, Zhihui -- Chen, Zijun -- Shi, Yingchao -- Wang, Qian -- Liu, Su -- Li, Dapeng -- Cao, Peng -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jun 26;348(6242):1472-7. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa8694.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China. ; State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China. ; State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China. pcao@ibp.ac.cn.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26113723" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amygdala/physiology ; Animals ; Conditioning, Classical ; Fear/*physiology ; Female ; Male ; Memory/*physiology ; Mice ; Neurons/chemistry/*physiology ; Parvalbumins/analysis/*metabolism ; Superior Colliculi/cytology/*physiology ; Visual Pathways/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 86
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-10-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Adler, Nancy E -- Johnson, Paula A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Oct 16;350(6258):257. doi: 10.1126/science.aad5923.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Nancy E. Adler is the Lisa and John Pritzker Professor of Medical Psychology, vice-chair of the Department of Psychiatry, and director of the Center for Health and Community at the University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA. nancy.adler@ucsf.edu. ; Paula A. Johnson is professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School and executive director of the Connors Center for Women's Health and Gender Biology at Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA. pajohnson@partners.org.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26472882" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Female ; Humans ; Rape/*statistics & numerical data ; United States ; Universities ; Violence/*statistics & numerical data ; *Women's Health
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  • 87
    Publication Date: 2015-04-25
    Description: An organism with a single recessive loss-of-function allele will typically have a wild-type phenotype, whereas individuals homozygous for two copies of the allele will display a mutant phenotype. We have developed a method called the mutagenic chain reaction (MCR), which is based on the CRISPR/Cas9 genome-editing system for generating autocatalytic mutations, to produce homozygous loss-of-function mutations. In Drosophila, we found that MCR mutations efficiently spread from their chromosome of origin to the homologous chromosome, thereby converting heterozygous mutations to homozygosity in the vast majority of somatic and germline cells. MCR technology should have broad applications in diverse organisms.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687737/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687737/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gantz, Valentino M -- Bier, Ethan -- R01 AI070654/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI110713/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM067247/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R56 NS029870/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Apr 24;348(6233):442-4. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa5945. Epub 2015 Mar 19.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92095, USA. vgantz@ucsd.edu ebier@ucsd.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25908821" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Animals ; Caspase 9 ; *Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats ; Drosophila melanogaster/genetics ; Female ; Genetic Engineering/*methods ; Genome, Insect ; Germ Cells ; *Heterozygote ; *Homozygote ; Male ; *Mutagenesis ; Mutation ; Phenotype
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  • 88
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-07-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Garber, Ken -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jul 10;349(6244):128-9. doi: 10.1126/science.349.6244.128.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26160923" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Angiogenesis Inhibitors/*therapeutic use ; Chelating Agents/*therapeutic use ; Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic ; Copper/*metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Mammography ; *Molecular Targeted Therapy ; Molybdenum/*therapeutic use ; Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/*drug therapy/radiography
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  • 89
    Publication Date: 2015-07-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lloyd, K C Kent -- Meehan, Terry -- Beaudet, Arthur -- Murray, Steve -- Svenson, Karen -- McKerlie, Colin -- West, David -- Morse, Iva -- Parkinson, Helen -- Brown, Steve -- Mallon, Ann-Marie -- Moore, Mark -- U42 OD011175/OD/NIH HHS/ -- U42 OD011185/OD/NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG006332/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG006364/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jul 24;349(6246):390. doi: 10.1126/science.349.6246.390-a. Epub 2015 Jul 23.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA. kclloyd@ucdavis.edu. ; European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK. ; Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA. ; The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA. ; Toronto Centre for Phenogenomics, Toronto, ON, M5T 3H7, Canada. ; Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, CA 94609, USA. ; Charles River Laboratories, Wilmington, MA 01887, USA. ; Medical Research Council Harwell, Oxfordshire, OX11 0RD, UK. ; International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26206923" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animal Experimentation/*standards ; Animals ; Electronic Health Records ; Female ; Genomics ; Humans ; Male ; Metabolomics ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Precision Medicine/*economics/*trends ; United States
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  • 90
    Publication Date: 2015-07-25
    Description: Mutations in the LRBA gene (encoding the lipopolysaccharide-responsive and beige-like anchor protein) cause a syndrome of autoimmunity, lymphoproliferation, and humoral immune deficiency. The biological role of LRBA in immunologic disease is unknown. We found that patients with LRBA deficiency manifested a dramatic and sustained improvement in response to abatacept, a CTLA4 (cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4)-immunoglobulin fusion drug. Clinical responses and homology of LRBA to proteins controlling intracellular trafficking led us to hypothesize that it regulates CTLA4, a potent inhibitory immune receptor. We found that LRBA colocalized with CTLA4 in endosomal vesicles and that LRBA deficiency or knockdown increased CTLA4 turnover, which resulted in reduced levels of CTLA4 protein in FoxP3(+) regulatory and activated conventional T cells. In LRBA-deficient cells, inhibition of lysosome degradation with chloroquine prevented CTLA4 loss. These findings elucidate a mechanism for CTLA4 trafficking and control of immune responses and suggest therapies for diseases involving the CTLA4 pathway.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lo, Bernice -- Zhang, Kejian -- Lu, Wei -- Zheng, Lixin -- Zhang, Qian -- Kanellopoulou, Chrysi -- Zhang, Yu -- Liu, Zhiduo -- Fritz, Jill M -- Marsh, Rebecca -- Husami, Ammar -- Kissell, Diane -- Nortman, Shannon -- Chaturvedi, Vijaya -- Haines, Hilary -- Young, Lisa R -- Mo, Jun -- Filipovich, Alexandra H -- Bleesing, Jack J -- Mustillo, Peter -- Stephens, Michael -- Rueda, Cesar M -- Chougnet, Claire A -- Hoebe, Kasper -- McElwee, Joshua -- Hughes, Jason D -- Karakoc-Aydiner, Elif -- Matthews, Helen F -- Price, Susan -- Su, Helen C -- Rao, V Koneti -- Lenardo, Michael J -- Jordan, Michael B -- 1RC2 HG005608/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- 1ZIAAI000769-14/PHS HHS/ -- Intramural NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jul 24;349(6246):436-40. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa1663.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Molecular Development of the Immune System Section and Clinical and Molecular Genomics Unit, Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. NIAID Clinical Genomics Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. michael.jordan@cchmc.org. ; Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA. michael.jordan@cchmc.org. ; Molecular Development of the Immune System Section and Clinical and Molecular Genomics Unit, Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. NIAID Clinical Genomics Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. ; NIAID Clinical Genomics Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. Human Immunological Diseases Unit, Laboratory of Host Defenses, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. ; Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Systems Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. ; Division of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA. ; Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA. ; Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA. ; Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, and Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA. ; Departments of Pathology and Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego and Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA, USA. ; Section of Allergy and Immunology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA. ; Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. ; Division of Immunobiology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center/ University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA. ; Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co, Boston, MA, USA. ; Molecular Development of the Immune System Section and Clinical and Molecular Genomics Unit, Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. NIAID Clinical Genomics Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA. Human Immunological Diseases Unit, Laboratory of Host Defenses, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Systems Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. Division of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA. Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA. Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, and Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA. Departments of Pathology and Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego and Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA, USA. Section of Allergy and Immunology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA. Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. Division of Immunobiology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center/ University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA. Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co, Boston, MA, USA. Marmara University, Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Istanbul, Turkey. ; Division of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA. Division of Immunobiology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center/ University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA. michael.jordan@cchmc.org.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26206937" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abatacept ; Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics/*metabolism ; Adolescent ; Autoimmune Diseases/*drug therapy/metabolism ; CTLA-4 Antigen/*deficiency/genetics ; Child ; Chloroquine/pharmacology ; Common Variable Immunodeficiency/*drug therapy/metabolism ; Endosomes/metabolism ; Female ; Forkhead Transcription Factors/analysis ; Gene Knockdown Techniques ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Immunoconjugates/*therapeutic use ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial/drug therapy/metabolism ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Lysosomes/metabolism ; Male ; Proteolysis ; T-Lymphocytes/drug effects/immunology ; Young Adult
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  • 91
    Publication Date: 2015-10-03
    Description: Neurons live for decades in a postmitotic state, their genomes susceptible to DNA damage. Here we survey the landscape of somatic single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) in the human brain. We identified thousands of somatic SNVs by single-cell sequencing of 36 neurons from the cerebral cortex of three normal individuals. Unlike germline and cancer SNVs, which are often caused by errors in DNA replication, neuronal mutations appear to reflect damage during active transcription. Somatic mutations create nested lineage trees, allowing them to be dated relative to developmental landmarks and revealing a polyclonal architecture of the human cerebral cortex. Thus, somatic mutations in the brain represent a durable and ongoing record of neuronal life history, from development through postmitotic function.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4664477/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4664477/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lodato, Michael A -- Woodworth, Mollie B -- Lee, Semin -- Evrony, Gilad D -- Mehta, Bhaven K -- Karger, Amir -- Lee, Soohyun -- Chittenden, Thomas W -- D'Gama, Alissa M -- Cai, Xuyu -- Luquette, Lovelace J -- Lee, Eunjung -- Park, Peter J -- Walsh, Christopher A -- 1S10RR028832-01/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- P50 MH106933/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS032457/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS079277/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- T32 AG000222/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM007226/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM007753/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- U01 MH106883/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Oct 2;350(6256):94-8. doi: 10.1126/science.aab1785.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Genetics and Genomics, Manton Center for Orphan Disease, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA. ; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. ; Research Computing, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. ; Research Computing, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Complex Biological Systems Alliance, North Andover, MA, USA. ; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. ; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. peter_park@harvard.edu christopher.walsh@childrens.harvard.edu. ; Division of Genetics and Genomics, Manton Center for Orphan Disease, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA. peter_park@harvard.edu christopher.walsh@childrens.harvard.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26430121" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Cell Lineage ; Cerebral Cortex/*cytology/*growth & development ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; DNA Replication/genetics ; Female ; Genetic Loci ; Humans ; Male ; Mitosis/genetics ; *Mutation ; Neurons/*cytology/*physiology ; *Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Single-Cell Analysis ; *Transcription, Genetic
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  • 92
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2016-01-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Akiyama, Hiroko -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Dec 4;350(6265):1135. doi: 10.1126/science.aad9386.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Hiroko Akiyama is a professor at the Institute of Gerontology at the University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyoku, Tokyo, Japan. akiyama@iog.u-tokyo.ac.jp.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26785447" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Japan ; *Longevity ; Retirement ; Social Security
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  • 93
    Publication Date: 2015-03-31
    Description: Severe influenza disease strikes otherwise healthy children and remains unexplained. We report compound heterozygous null mutations in IRF7, which encodes the transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 7, in an otherwise healthy child who suffered life-threatening influenza during primary infection. In response to influenza virus, the patient's leukocytes and plasmacytoid dendritic cells produced very little type I and III interferons (IFNs). Moreover, the patient's dermal fibroblasts and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived pulmonary epithelial cells produced reduced amounts of type I IFN and displayed increased influenza virus replication. These findings suggest that IRF7-dependent amplification of type I and III IFNs is required for protection against primary infection by influenza virus in humans. They also show that severe influenza may result from single-gene inborn errors of immunity.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4431581/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4431581/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ciancanelli, Michael J -- Huang, Sarah X L -- Luthra, Priya -- Garner, Hannah -- Itan, Yuval -- Volpi, Stefano -- Lafaille, Fabien G -- Trouillet, Celine -- Schmolke, Mirco -- Albrecht, Randy A -- Israelsson, Elisabeth -- Lim, Hye Kyung -- Casadio, Melina -- Hermesh, Tamar -- Lorenzo, Lazaro -- Leung, Lawrence W -- Pedergnana, Vincent -- Boisson, Bertrand -- Okada, Satoshi -- Picard, Capucine -- Ringuier, Benedicte -- Troussier, Francoise -- Chaussabel, Damien -- Abel, Laurent -- Pellier, Isabelle -- Notarangelo, Luigi D -- Garcia-Sastre, Adolfo -- Basler, Christopher F -- Geissmann, Frederic -- Zhang, Shen-Ying -- Snoeck, Hans-Willem -- Casanova, Jean-Laurent -- 1U19AI109945/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- 5R01AI100887/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- 5R01NS072381/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- 8UL1TR000043/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/ -- HHSN272201400008C/PHS HHS/ -- R01 AI100887/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS072381/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- U19 AI109945/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Apr 24;348(6233):448-53. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa1578. Epub 2015 Mar 26.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. ; Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. ; Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. ; Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation (CMCBI), King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK. ; Division of Immunology and Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy. ; Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. ; Department of Systems Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA. ; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR1163, Paris, France. University Paris Descartes, Imagine Institute, Paris, France. ; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. Department of Pediatrics, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan. ; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR1163, Paris, France. University Paris Descartes, Imagine Institute, Paris, France. Study Centre for Primary Immunodeficiencies, AP-HP, Necker Hospital, Paris, France. ; Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital, Angers, France. ; General Pediatrics Unit, University Hospital, Angers, France. ; Department of Systems Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA. Department of Systems Biology, Sidra Medical and Research Center, Doha, Qatar. ; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR1163, Paris, France. University Paris Descartes, Imagine Institute, Paris, France. ; Pediatric Immunology, Hematology and Oncology Unit, University Hospital Centre of Angers, Angers, France. INSERM U892, CNRS U6299, Angers, France. ; Division of Immunology and Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. ; Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. ; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR1163, Paris, France. University Paris Descartes, Imagine Institute, Paris, France. Pediatric Immuno-Hematology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA. jean-laurent.casanova@rockefeller.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25814066" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Child ; Dendritic Cells/immunology ; Female ; Fibroblasts/immunology ; Genes, Recessive ; *Heterozygote ; Humans ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/immunology ; *Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; Influenza, Human/complications/genetics/*immunology ; Interferon Regulatory Factor-7/*genetics ; Interferon Type I/*biosynthesis/genetics ; Leukocytes/immunology ; Lung/immunology ; Mutation ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult/genetics/*immunology/virology ; Respiratory Mucosa/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 94
    Publication Date: 2015-10-17
    Description: Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) contribute to barrier immunity, tissue homeostasis, and immune regulation at various anatomical sites throughout the body. How ILCs maintain their presence in lymphoid and peripheral tissues thus far has been unclear. We found that in the lymphoid and nonlymphoid organs of adult mice, ILCs are tissue-resident cells that were maintained and expanded locally under physiologic conditions, upon systemic perturbation of immune homeostasis and during acute helminth infection. However, at later time points after infection, cells from hematogenous sources helped to partially replenish the pool of resident ILCs. Thus, ILCs are maintained by self-renewal in broadly different microenvironments and physiological settings. Such an extreme "sedentary" lifestyle is consistent with the proposed roles of ILCs as sentinels and local keepers of tissue function.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4720139/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4720139/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gasteiger, Georg -- Fan, Xiying -- Dikiy, Stanislav -- Lee, Sue Y -- Rudensky, Alexander Y -- P30 CA008748/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P30CA008748/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI034206/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R37 AI034206/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R37AI034206/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM007739/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- T32GM07739/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Nov 20;350(6263):981-5. doi: 10.1126/science.aac9593. Epub 2015 Oct 15.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Immunology Program, and Ludwig Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Mainz Medical Centre, Mainz 55131, Germany. ; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Immunology Program, and Ludwig Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26472762" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Female ; Helminthiasis/immunology ; Homeostasis/immunology ; *Immunity, Innate ; Intestine, Small/cytology/immunology ; Lung/cytology/immunology ; Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Lymphoid Tissue/cytology/*immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Organ Specificity/immunology ; Parabiosis ; Salivary Glands/cytology/immunology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 95
    Publication Date: 2015-07-25
    Description: Ginther and Kahn claim that academics' beliefs about the importance of brilliance do not predict gender gaps in Ph.D. attainment beyond mathematics and verbal test scores. However, Ginther and Kahn's analyses are problematic, exhibiting more than 100 times the recommended collinearity thresholds. Multiple analyses that avoid this problem suggest that academics' beliefs are in fact uniquely predictive of gender gaps across academia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cimpian, Andrei -- Leslie, Sarah-Jane -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jul 24;349(6246):391. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa9892. Epub 2015 Jul 23.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychology, University of Illinois, Champaign, IL 61821, USA. acimpian@illinois.edu sjleslie@princeton.edu. ; Department of Philosophy, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. acimpian@illinois.edu sjleslie@princeton.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26206927" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aptitude ; *Attitude ; Female ; Humans ; *Intelligence ; Male ; Natural Science Disciplines/*manpower ; *Sexism ; Social Sciences/*manpower
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  • 96
    Publication Date: 2015-02-24
    Description: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurological disease with no effective treatment. We report the results of a moderate-scale sequencing study aimed at increasing the number of genes known to contribute to predisposition for ALS. We performed whole-exome sequencing of 2869 ALS patients and 6405 controls. Several known ALS genes were found to be associated, and TBK1 (the gene encoding TANK-binding kinase 1) was identified as an ALS gene. TBK1 is known to bind to and phosphorylate a number of proteins involved in innate immunity and autophagy, including optineurin (OPTN) and p62 (SQSTM1/sequestosome), both of which have also been implicated in ALS. These observations reveal a key role of the autophagic pathway in ALS and suggest specific targets for therapeutic intervention.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4437632/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4437632/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cirulli, Elizabeth T -- Lasseigne, Brittany N -- Petrovski, Slave -- Sapp, Peter C -- Dion, Patrick A -- Leblond, Claire S -- Couthouis, Julien -- Lu, Yi-Fan -- Wang, Quanli -- Krueger, Brian J -- Ren, Zhong -- Keebler, Jonathan -- Han, Yujun -- Levy, Shawn E -- Boone, Braden E -- Wimbish, Jack R -- Waite, Lindsay L -- Jones, Angela L -- Carulli, John P -- Day-Williams, Aaron G -- Staropoli, John F -- Xin, Winnie W -- Chesi, Alessandra -- Raphael, Alya R -- McKenna-Yasek, Diane -- Cady, Janet -- Vianney de Jong, J M B -- Kenna, Kevin P -- Smith, Bradley N -- Topp, Simon -- Miller, Jack -- Gkazi, Athina -- FALS Sequencing Consortium -- Al-Chalabi, Ammar -- van den Berg, Leonard H -- Veldink, Jan -- Silani, Vincenzo -- Ticozzi, Nicola -- Shaw, Christopher E -- Baloh, Robert H -- Appel, Stanley -- Simpson, Ericka -- Lagier-Tourenne, Clotilde -- Pulst, Stefan M -- Gibson, Summer -- Trojanowski, John Q -- Elman, Lauren -- McCluskey, Leo -- Grossman, Murray -- Shneider, Neil A -- Chung, Wendy K -- Ravits, John M -- Glass, Jonathan D -- Sims, Katherine B -- Van Deerlin, Vivianna M -- Maniatis, Tom -- Hayes, Sebastian D -- Ordureau, Alban -- Swarup, Sharan -- Landers, John -- Baas, Frank -- Allen, Andrew S -- Bedlack, Richard S -- Harper, J Wade -- Gitler, Aaron D -- Rouleau, Guy A -- Brown, Robert -- Harms, Matthew B -- Cooper, Gregory M -- Harris, Tim -- Myers, Richard M -- Goldstein, David B -- 089701/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- K08 NS075094/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- P01 AG017586/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- P01 AG032953/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- P50 AG025688/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R37 NS033123/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R37 NS083524/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM007754/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- TL1 TR001066/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/ -- UL1 TR001067/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Mar 27;347(6229):1436-41. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa3650. Epub 2015 Feb 19.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Applied Genomics and Precision Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27708, USA. ; HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL 35806, USA. ; Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA. ; Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA. ; Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada. ; Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. ; Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27708, USA. ; Biogen Idec, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. ; Neurogenetics DNA Diagnostic Laboratory, Center for Human Genetics Research, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA. ; Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. ; Department of Genome Analysis, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. ; Academic Unit of Neurology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Republic of Ireland. ; Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London SE5 8AF, UK. ; Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Centre Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, Netherlands. ; Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan 20149, Italy, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Dino Ferrari Center, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milan 20122, Italy. ; Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA. ; Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA, and Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA. ; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research and Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. ; Department of Neurology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA. ; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. ; Department of Neurology, Penn ALS Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. ; Department of Neurology, Penn Frontotemporal Degeneration Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. ; Department of Neurology, Center for Motor Neuron Biology and Disease, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA. ; Department of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA. ; Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. ; Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. ; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA. ; Biogen Idec, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. ; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. ; Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27708, USA. ; Duke ALS Clinic and Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, NC 27708, USA. ; Biogen Idec, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. tim.harris@biogenidec.com.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25700176" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics/metabolism ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/*genetics ; Autophagy/*genetics ; Exome/*genetics ; Female ; Genes ; Genetic Association Studies ; *Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Protein Binding ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/*genetics/metabolism ; Risk ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Transcription Factor TFIIIA/genetics/metabolism ; Young Adult
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  • 97
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2016-01-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cleary, Allison S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Dec 4;350(6265):1174-5. doi: 10.1126/science.aad7103.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey PA 17078, USA. acleary@hmc.psu.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26785463" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Breast Neoplasms/genetics/metabolism/*pathology ; Clone Cells/metabolism/pathology ; Female ; Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics/metabolism/*pathology ; Mice ; Neoplasms, Basal Cell/genetics/metabolism/pathology ; Wnt1 Protein/genetics/*metabolism ; ras Proteins/genetics/metabolism
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  • 98
    Publication Date: 2015-07-18
    Description: Polar bears (Ursus maritimus) summer on the sea ice or, where it melts, on shore. Although the physiology of "ice" bears in summer is unknown, "shore" bears purportedly minimize energy losses by entering a hibernation-like state when deprived of food. Such a strategy could partially compensate for the loss of on-ice foraging opportunities caused by climate change. However, here we report gradual, moderate declines in activity and body temperature of both shore and ice bears in summer, resembling energy expenditures typical of fasting, nonhibernating mammals. Also, we found that to avoid unsustainable heat loss while swimming, bears employed unusual heterothermy of the body core. Thus, although well adapted to seasonal ice melt, polar bears appear susceptible to deleterious declines in body condition during the lengthening period of summer food deprivation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Whiteman, J P -- Harlow, H J -- Durner, G M -- Anderson-Sprecher, R -- Albeke, S E -- Regehr, E V -- Amstrup, S C -- Ben-David, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jul 17;349(6245):295-8. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa8623. Epub 2015 Jul 16.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Program in Ecology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA. Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA. ; Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA. ; U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA. ; Department of Statistics, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA. ; Wyoming Geographic Information Science Center, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA. ; Marine Mammals Management, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Anchorage, AK 99503, USA. ; Polar Bears International, Bozeman, MT 59772, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26185248" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Body Temperature ; *Climate Change ; Energy Metabolism/*physiology ; Female ; *Hibernation ; Ice Cover ; Male ; Seasons ; Ursidae/metabolism/*physiology
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  • 99
    Publication Date: 2015-06-20
    Description: During flexible behavior, multiple brain regions encode sensory inputs, the current task, and choices. It remains unclear how these signals evolve. We simultaneously recorded neuronal activity from six cortical regions [middle temporal area (MT), visual area four (V4), inferior temporal cortex (IT), lateral intraparietal area (LIP), prefrontal cortex (PFC), and frontal eye fields (FEF)] of monkeys reporting the color or motion of stimuli. After a transient bottom-up sweep, there was a top-down flow of sustained task information from frontoparietal to visual cortex. Sensory information flowed from visual to parietal and prefrontal cortex. Choice signals developed simultaneously in frontoparietal regions and travelled to FEF and sensory cortex. This suggests that flexible sensorimotor choices emerge in a frontoparietal network from the integration of opposite flows of sensory and task information.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4721574/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4721574/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Siegel, Markus -- Buschman, Timothy J -- Miller, Earl K -- 5R37MH087027/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R00 MH092715/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R37 MH087027/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jun 19;348(6241):1352-5. doi: 10.1126/science.aab0551.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Centre for Integrative Neuroscience and MEG Center, University of Tubingen, Tubingen, Germany. Picower Institute for Learning and Memory and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. markus.siegel@uni-tuebingen.de. ; Picower Institute for Learning and Memory and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. Princeton Neuroscience Institute and Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. ; Picower Institute for Learning and Memory and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26089513" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cerebral Cortex/*physiology ; Color Vision ; Cues ; Feedback, Sensory/*physiology ; Female ; Macaca mulatta ; Male ; Mental Processes/*physiology ; Motion ; Parietal Lobe/physiology ; Photic Stimulation ; Prefrontal Cortex/physiology ; Temporal Lobe/physiology ; Visual Cortex/physiology ; Visual Pathways/physiology
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  • 100
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2015-02-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Alonzo, Suzanne H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Feb 27;347(6225):948-9. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa6495.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, and Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California Santa Cruz, CA, USA. shalonzo@ucsc.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25722397" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anopheles/*physiology ; Ecdysterone/*metabolism ; Female ; Insect Vectors/*physiology ; Male ; Mating Preference, Animal/*physiology ; Oviposition/*physiology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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