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  • 1
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    Estimation of absolute magnitude-dependent Galactic model parameters in intermediate latitude with SDSS and SCUSS (2014)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-04-27
    Description: Based on the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and South Galactic Cap of u -band Sky Survey (SCUSS) early data, we use a star count method to estimate the Galactic structure parameters in an intermediate latitude with 10 180 main-sequence (MS) stars in an absolute magnitude interval of 4 ≤  M r  ≤ 13. We divide the absolute magnitude into five intervals, 4 ≤  M r  〈 5, 5 ≤  M r  〈 6, 6 ≤  M r  〈 8, 8 ≤  M r  〈 10 and 10 ≤  M r  ≤ 13, and estimate the Galactic structure parameters in each absolute magnitude interval to explore their possible variation with the absolute magnitude. Our study shows that the parameters depend on absolute magnitude. For the thin disc, the intrinsic faint MS stars have large local space density and they tend to stay close to the Galactic plane. A plausible explanation is that faint MS stars with long lifetime experience and long gravitational interaction time result in a short scaleheight. However, for the thick disc, the parameters show a complex trend with absolute magnitude, which may imply the complicated original of the thick disc. For the halo, the intrinsic faint MS stars have large local density and small axial ratio, which indicate a flattened inner halo and a more spherical outer halo.
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 2
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    Photometric metallicity calibration with SDSS and SCUSS and its application to distant stars in the south Galactic cap (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-07-31
    Description: Based on Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) g, r and South Galactic Cap of u-band Sky Survey (SCUSS) u photometry, we develop a photometric calibration for estimating the stellar metallicity from u – g and g – r colours by using the SDSS spectra of 32 542 F- and G-type main-sequence stars, which cover almost 3700 deg 2 in the south Galactic cap. The rms scatter of the photometric metallicity residuals relative to spectrum-based metallicity is 0.14 dex when g – r  〈 0.4, and 0.16 dex when g – r  〉 0.4. Because of the deeper and more accurate magnitude of SCUSS u band, the estimate can be used up to the faint magnitude of g  = 21. This application range of photometric metallicity calibration is wide enough so that it can be used to study metallicity distribution of distant stars. In this study, we select the Sagittarius (Sgr) stream and its neighbouring field halo stars in south Galactic cap to study their metallicity distribution. We find that the Sgr stream at the cylindrical Galactocentric coordinate of R  ~ 19 kpc, | z | ~ 14 kpc exhibits a relative rich metallicity distribution, and the neighbouring field halo stars in our studied fields can be modelled by two-Gaussian model, with peaks, respectively, at [Fe/H] = –1.9 and –1.5.
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 3
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    Utilization of steric hindrance of alkyl lithium-based initiator to synthesize high 1,4 unit-containing hydroxyl- terminated polybutadiene (2018)
    Royal Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-05-31
    Description: A novel alkyl lithium-based initiator with relatively large steric hindrance, tert -butyldimethylsiloxydimethylpropyl lithium (TBDMSODPrLi), was designed and synthesized. By using TBDMSODPrLi, hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) was prepared via anionic polymerization. The macromolecular structure of HTPB was characterized and verified by FTIR and 1 H-NMR. It was found that 1,4 unit content in HTPB initiated by TBDMSODPrLi was significantly higher (over 90%) compared to a HTPB (1,4 unit content of 70%) initiated with another initiator possessing smaller steric hindrance. The possible mechanism, which was based on initiator steric hindrance affecting monomer chain addition behaviour, was deduced. It was that the initiator's larger steric hindrance blocked lithium's intermolecular association during anionic polymerization; as a result, it could effectively increase the 1,4 unit content in HTPB. To further study how to obtain higher and stable 1,4 unit content, the optimal anionic polymerization technique for HTPB was explored including polymerization temperature, time and the amount of initiator used. The study concluded that utilization of an initiator with larger steric hindrance and reducing the polymerization temperature were two important factors to raise the 1,4 unit content in HTPB.
    Keywords: materials science, organic chemistry, organometallic chemistry
    Electronic ISSN: 2054-5703
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by Royal Society
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  • 4
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    National evaluation of Chinese coastal erosion to sea level rise using a Bayesian approach (2014)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-03-10
    Description: In this paper a Causal Bayesian network is developed to predict decadal-scale shoreline evolution of China to sea-level rise. The Bayesian model defines relationships between 6 factors of Chinese coastal system such as coastal geomorphology, mean tide range, mean wave height, coastal slope, relative sea-level rise rate and shoreline erosion rate. Using the Bayesian probabilistic model, we make quantitative assessment of china's shoreline evolution in response to different future sea level rise rates. Results indicate that the probability of coastal erosion with high and very high rates increases from 28% to 32.3% when relative sea-level rise rates is 4~6mm/a, and to 44.9% when relative sea-level rise rates is more than 6mm/a. A hindcast evaluation of the Bayesian model shows that the model correctly predicts 79.3% of the cases. Model test indicates that the Bayesian model shows higher predictive capabilities for stable coasts and very highly eroding coasts than moderately and hi...
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
    Electronic ISSN: 1755-1315
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 5
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    Influenza facilitated coinfection by TGF-{beta} [Microbiology] (2015)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-01-08
    Description: Influenza infection predisposes the host to secondary bacterial pneumonia, which is a major cause of mortality during influenza epidemics. The molecular mechanisms underlying the bacterial coinfection remain elusive. Neuraminidase (NA) of influenza A virus (IAV) enhances bacterial adherence and also activates TGF-β. Because TGF-β can up-regulate host adhesion molecules such...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Atomic force microscope measurements of nucleosome cores assembled along defined DNA sequences (1993)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 32 (1993), S. 8390-8396 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00084a002
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Formation of Malonaldehyde, Formaldehyde, and Acetaldehyde in Apple Juice Induced by Ionizing Radiation (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 67 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: : We investigated the effects of ionizing radiation on the formation of malonaldehyde (MA), formaldehyde (FA), and acetaldehyde (ACT) in apple juice. The formation of MA, FA, and ACT in both pasteurized and fresh juice increased with radiation dose. The G values (number of species formed per 100 eV absorbed) for MA, FA, and ACT in pasteurized juice were 0.0056, 0.061, and 0.044, respectively. MA concentration decreased rapidly during storage at 5°C, while ACT and FA did not. Irradiation-induced formation of MA, FA, and ACT decreased with decreasing irradiation temperature. Exclusion of oxygen during irradiation reduced formation of ACT and FA, but not MA. Adding 1000 ppm of ascorbate, sorbate, or sulfite to juice before irradiation also decreased MA formation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2002.tb08770.x
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  • 8
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    Spin Pumping in Electrodynamically Coupled Magnon-Photon Systems (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-06-02
    Description: Author(s): Lihui Bai, M. Harder, Y. P. Chen, X. Fan, J. Q. Xiao, and C.-M. Hu Excitations in a magnet coupled to a microwave cavity can be detected electrically, providing a new way to study magnets in the quantum regime. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 227201] Published Mon Jun 01, 2015
    Keywords: Condensed Matter: Electronic Properties, etc.
    Print ISSN: 0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 9
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    Therapeutic targeting of BET bromodomain protein, Brd4, delays cyst growth in ADPKD (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-06-23
    Description: In this study, we identified a BET bromodomain (BRD) protein, Brd4, not only as a novel epigenetic regulator of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) but also as a novel client protein of Hsp90. We found that Brd4 was upregulated in Pkd1 mutant mouse renal epithelial cells and tissues. This upregulation of Brd4 appears to result from the chaperone activity of Hsp90 and escape proteasomal degradation. We further identify that Brd4 is an upstream regulator of the expression of c-Myc which has been upregulated in all rodent models of PKD and ADPKD patients with unknown mechanism. Inhibition of Brd4 in Pkd1 mutant renal epithelial cells with JQ1, a selective small-molecular inhibitor of BET BRD protein(s), (1) decreased the levels of c-Myc mRNA and protein; (2) increased the levels of p21 mRNA and protein, which was transcriptionally repressed by c-Myc; (3) decreased the phosphorylation of Rb; and (4) decreased cystic epithelial cell proliferation as shown by inhibition of S-phase entry. Most importantly, treatment with JQ1 strikingly delayed cyst growth and kidney enlargement, and preserved renal function in two early stage genetic mouse strains with Pkd1 mutations. This study not only provides one of the mechanisms of how c-Myc is upregulated in PKD but also suggests that targeting Brd4 with JQ1 may function as a novel epigenetic approach in ADPKD. The unraveled link between Brd4 and Hsp90 in ADPKD may also be a general mechanism for the upregulation of Brd4 in cancer cells and opens up avenues for combination therapies against ADPKD and cancer.
    Print ISSN: 0964-6906
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2083
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 10
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    Determination of nuclear magnetic resonance Formula cutoff value based on multifractal theory -- An application in sandstone with complex pore structure (2015)
    Society of Exploration Geophysicists (SEG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-01-21
    Description: The cutoff value of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) transversal relaxation time $${T}_{2}$$ is vital for pore structure characterization, permeability prediction, and irreducible water saturation calculation. Conventional default values often lead to inaccurate results for rocks with complex pore structure. Based on NMR experiments and multifractal theory, we have developed an effective statistical method to predict $${T}_{2}$$ cutoff values without other petrophysical information. The method is based on multifractal theory to analyze the NMR $${T}_{2}$$ spectrum with the assumption that the $${T}_{2}$$ spectrum is an indicator of pore size distribution. Multifractal parameters, such as multifractal dimension, singularity strength, and mass exponent, are calculated to investigate the multifractal behavior of $${T}_{2}$$ spectrum via NMR experiments and a dyadic scaling-down algorithm. To obtain the optimal $${T}_{2}$$ cutoff value, the rotation speed and time of centrifugation are enlarged increasingly to optimal centrifugal state. A predicating model for $${T}_{2}$$ cutoff value based on multiple linear regressions of multifractal parameters was proposed after studying the influential factors. On the basis of the multifractal analysis of NMR $${T}_{2}$$ spectrum, a reasonable predication model for $${T}_{2}$$ cutoff value was rendered. Upon testing, the predicted results were highly consistent with the experimental results.
    Print ISSN: 0016-8033
    Electronic ISSN: 1942-2156
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Society of Exploration Geophysicists (SEG)
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