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  • Rabbits  (61)
  • Time Factors  (60)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (118)
  • 1980-1984  (118)
  • 1935-1939
  • 1925-1929
  • 1984  (31)
  • 1983  (47)
  • 1982  (40)
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  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (118)
  • Springer  (2)
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  • 1980-1984  (118)
  • 1935-1939
  • 1925-1929
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  • 1984  (31)
  • 1983  (47)
  • 1982  (40)
  • 1981  (43)
  • 1980  (51)
  • 1
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    Rhodamine-123 selectively reduces clonal growth of carcinoma cells in vitro (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-12-10
    Description: Rhodamine-123, a cationic laser dye, markedly reduced the clonal growth of carcinoma cells but had little effect on nontumorigenic epithelial cells in vitro. This selective inhibitory effect of Rhodamine-123 on some carcinomas is unusual since known anticancer drugs, such as arabinosyl cytosine and methotrexate, have not been shown to exhibit such selectivity in vitro.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bernal, S D -- Lampidis, T J -- Summerhayes, I C -- Chen, L B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 10;218(4577):1117-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7146897" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Carcinoma/*drug therapy ; Cell Line ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Mice ; Mitochondria/metabolism ; Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy ; Rhodamine 123 ; Rhodamines/metabolism/therapeutic use ; Time Factors ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/drug therapy
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    Reduced leucine-enkephalin--like immunoreactive substance in hamster basal ganglia after long-term ethanol exposure (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-06-25
    Description: Golden Syrian hamsters were placed individually in cages with three drinking bottles--one empty, one containing water, and the third containing water and ethanol. Control hamsters received water only. After 1 year the experimental hamsters showed a significantly lower concentration of leucine-enkephalin-like immunoreactive substance in the basal ganglia than the control hamsters. This finding indicates that the action of ethanol involves endogenous peptidyl opiates.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Blum, K -- Briggs, A H -- Elston, S F -- DeLallo, L -- Sheridan, P J -- Sar, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 25;216(4553):1425-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089531" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Basal Ganglia/*drug effects ; Cricetinae ; Endorphins/*analysis ; Enkephalin, Leucine ; Enkephalins/*analysis/metabolism ; Ethanol/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Mesocricetus ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 3
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    Role for the adenosine triphosphate-dependent proteolytic pathway in reticulocyte maturation (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-02-19
    Description: As reticulocytes mature into erythrocytes, organelles and many enzymes are lost. Protein degradation during reticulocyte maturation was measured by monitoring the release of tyrosine from cell proteins. Proteolysis in rabbit red blood cells was directly proportional to the number of reticulocytes and was low in erythrocytes. This process was inhibited by blockers of cellular adenosine triphosphate production and by agents, such as o-phenanthroline, N-ethylmaleimide, and hemin, which inhibit the soluble adenosine triphosphate-dependent proteolytic system. The breakdown of endogenous proteins in reticulocyte extracts was also inhibited by these agents and required adenosine triphosphate. Inhibitors of lysosomal function, however, did not affect proteolysis. Thus, the proteolytic system that degrades abnormal proteins also catalyzes the elimination of proteins during red cell development.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Boches, F S -- Goldberg, A L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Feb 19;215(4535):978-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7156977" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Triphosphate/*physiology ; Animals ; Blood Proteins/*metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; Cyclophosphamide/pharmacology ; Deoxyglucose/pharmacology ; Dinitrophenols/pharmacology ; Lysosomes/enzymology ; Rabbits ; Reticulocytes/*physiology ; Tyrosine/analysis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Long-term synaptic potentiation in the superior cervical ganglion (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-03-12
    Description: Brief tetanic stimulation of the preganglionic nerves to the superior cervical ganglion enhances the postganglionic response to single preganglionic stimuli for 1 to 3 hours. This long-term potentiation of transmission through the ganglion is apparently not attributable to a persistent muscarinic action of the preganglionic neurotransmitter, acetylcholine, since neither the magnitude nor the time course of the phenomenon is reduced by atropine. The decay of long-term potentiation can be described by a first-order kinetic process with a mean time constant of 80 minutes. We conclude that long-term potentiation, once considered a unique property of the hippocampus, is in fact a more general feature of synaptic function. This form of synaptic memory may significantly influence information processing and control in other regions of the nervous system, including autonomic ganglia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brown, T H -- McAfee, D A -- 12116/PHS HHS/ -- NS 16576/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 12;215(4538):1411-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6278593" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Ganglia, Sympathetic/*physiology ; Kinetics ; Learning/*physiology ; Neuronal Plasticity ; Rats ; Synapses/*physiology ; *Synaptic Transmission ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 5
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    Significance of tissue myo-inositol concentrations in metabolic regulation in nerve (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-08-27
    Description: Approximately 25 percent of resting energy utilization in isolated nerve endoneurium is inhibited by medium containing defatted albumin and selectively restored by arachidonic acid but is unaffected by indomethacin or nordihydroguaiaretic acid. The same component of energy utilization is inhibited by small decreases in endoneurial myo-inositol, which decrease incorporation of carbon-14-labeled arachidonic acid into phosphatidylinositol. The fraction of the resting oxygen uptake inhibited by ouabain is decreased 40 to 50 percent by a reduced tissue myo-inositol concentration or by defatted albumin. Metabolic regulation by rapid, basal phosphatidylinositol turnover is dependent on the maintenance of normal tissue myoinositol concentrations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Simmons, D A -- Winegrad, A I -- Martin, D B -- T32 AMO7314/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 27;217(4562):848-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6285474" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Albumins/pharmacology ; Animals ; Arachidonic Acid ; Arachidonic Acids/pharmacology ; Catechols/pharmacology ; Indomethacin/pharmacology ; Inositol/*metabolism ; Linolenic Acids/pharmacology ; Masoprocol ; Ouabain/pharmacology ; Oxygen Consumption ; Palmitic Acids/pharmacology ; Peripheral Nerves/*metabolism ; Phosphatidylinositols/metabolism ; Rabbits ; gamma-Linolenic Acid
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  • 6
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    Breast-feeding patterns in low-income countries (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-12-10
    Description: Breast-feeding is important to infant nutrition, morbidity, and mortality, and to postpartum amenorrhea (hence to birth intervals). Evidence on breast-feeding patterns in low-income countries from nationally representative World Fertility Surveys and secondary sources shows that in all but a few such countries most children are breast-fed for at least a few months. The limited evidence available on trends seems to indicate a decline in the duration of breast-feeding, but in most of Asia and Africa breast-feeding is almost universal during at least the first 6 months. Earlier weaning is common in Latin America.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Popkin, B M -- Bilsborrow, R E -- Akin, J S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 10;218(4577):1088-93.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7146896" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Africa ; Asia ; *Breast Feeding ; *Developing Countries ; Female ; Humans ; Rural Population ; South America ; Time Factors ; Urban Population
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Manipulation of event-related potential manifestations of information processing stages (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-11-26
    Description: The timing of two event-related potential components was differentially affected by two experimental variables. The earlier component (NA) was affected by degradation of the stimuli and the later component (N2) by the nature of a classification task. The results support the hypothesis that NA and N2 reflect sequential stages of information processing, namely, pattern recognition and stimulus classification.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ritter, W -- Simson, R -- Vaughan, H G Jr -- Macht, M -- HD 10804/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- IF32 AGO-5193/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- MH 06723/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 26;218(4575):909-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7134983" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Adult ; Brain/*physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Cognition/*physiology ; Discrimination (Psychology)/physiology ; Evoked Potentials ; Humans ; Information Theory ; Perception/*physiology ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 8
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    Human fetal movement: spontaneous oscillations near one cycle per minute (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-12-24
    Description: Spectral analysis of spontaneous fluctuations in human fetal movement revealed strong oscillations at frequencies between 0.24 and 0.90 cycle per minute, which are much higher than those of the cyclic alternation of quiet and active states in the fetus and neonate. Oscillations at frequencies up to 2.88 cycles per minute were also detected, but they were usually much weaker. The prominent peaks in the fetal movement spectra are in the frequency range of recently reported neonatal motor rhythms, and indicate the existence of a cyclic process controlling spontaneous motor output that oscillates near one cycle per minute and begins to function in utero.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Robertson, S S -- Dierker, L J -- Sorokin, Y -- Rosen, M G -- M01RR00210/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- P50HD11089/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 24;218(4579):1327-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7146916" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Female ; Fetus/*physiology ; Humans ; *Movement ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, Third ; Spectrum Analysis/methods ; Time Factors
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  • 9
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    Bioactive cardiac substances: potent vasorelaxant activity in mammalian atria (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-07-01
    Description: Mammalian atrial extracts possess natriuretic and diuretic activity. In experiments reported here it was found that atrial, but not ventricular, extract also causes relaxation of isolated vascular and nonvascular smooth muscle preparations. The smooth muscle relaxant activity of atrial extract was heat-stable and concentration-dependent and could be destroyed with protease. Rabbit aortic and chick rectum strips were used for the detection of atrial biological activity. The atrial activity was separated by column chromatography into two peaks having apparent molecular weights of 20,000 to 30,000 and less than 10,000. The atrial substance that copurified with the smooth muscle relaxant activity in both peaks caused natriuresis when injected into conscious rats. It appears that atria possess at least two peptides that elicit smooth muscle relaxation and natriuresis, suggesting an endogenous system of fluid volume regulation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Currie, M G -- Geller, D M -- Cole, B R -- Boylan, J G -- YuSheng, W -- Holmberg, S W -- Needleman, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 1;221(4605):71-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6857267" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Atrial Function ; Chickens ; Chromatography, Gel ; Dogs ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Humans ; Molecular Weight ; Muscle, Smooth/drug effects ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/*drug effects ; Natriuresis/drug effects ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Swine ; Vasodilation/drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 10
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    Memory retrieval: a time-locked process in infancy (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-12-23
    Description: Three-month-old infants learned to activate an overhead crib mobile by operant footkicking and received a visual reminder of the event (a "reactivation treatment") 2 weeks later, after forgetting had occurred. Subsequent manifestation of the association was a monotonic increasing function of time since the reactivation treatment, and performance of infants tested 8 hours after the remainder was related to the time spent sleeping in the interim (r = 0.75). These data demonstrate that normal retrieval is time-dependent. Moreover, individual data suggest that retrieval may be continuous rather than discontinuous.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fagen, J W -- Rovee-Collier, C -- MH 32307/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Dec 23;222(4630):1349-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6658456" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; Infant ; *Memory ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 11
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    Expression of a cellular oncogene during liver regeneration (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-02-04
    Description: The number of transcripts of the cellular oncogene ras, which is homologous to the transforming gene of Harvey sarcoma virus, increases during liver regeneration in rats. The increase in these transcripts in liver polysomal polyadenylated RNA occurs at the time of activation of DNA synthesis during the regenerative process induced by partial hepatectomy or carbon tetrachloride injury. The number of ras transcripts returns to basal levels within 72 hours. These observations show that transcription of a cellular oncogene increases in a regulated way in a nonneoplastic growth process.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goyette, M -- Petropoulos, C J -- Shank, P R -- Fausto, N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Feb 4;219(4584):510-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6297003" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning ; DNA/biosynthesis ; Hepatectomy ; *Liver Regeneration ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; *Oncogenes ; RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis ; Rats ; Sarcoma Viruses, Murine/genetics ; Time Factors ; *Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 12
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    Hand preference across time is related to intelligence in young girls, not boys (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-09-09
    Description: Consistency of hand preference was examined in a longitudinal study of children between 18 and 42 months of age. Results showed a sex-specific relationship between hand consistency and intellectual development. Across a variety of intellectual abilities at all ages, females with consistency of handedness were precocious compared to females without such consistency. This relationship did not hold for males.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gottfried, A W -- Bathurst, K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Sep 9;221(4615):1074-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6879205" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Child, Preschool ; Female ; *Functional Laterality ; Humans ; Infant ; *Intelligence ; Intelligence Tests ; Male ; Sex Factors ; Time Factors
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  • 13
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    Protein phosphatases: properties and role in cellular regulation (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-07-22
    Description: Protein phosphorylation is a principal regulatory mechanism in the control of almost all cellular processes. The nature of the protein phosphatases that participate in these reactions has been a subject of controversy. Four enzymes, termed protein phosphatases 1, 2A, 2B, and 2C, account for virtually all of the phosphatase activity toward phosphoproteins involved in controlling glycogen metabolism, glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, fatty acid synthesis, cholesterol synthesis, and protein synthesis. The properties, physiological roles, and mechanisms for regulating the four protein phosphatases are reviewed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ingebritsen, T S -- Cohen, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 22;221(4608):331-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6306765" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Calcium/physiology ; Cyclic AMP/metabolism ; Glycogen/metabolism ; Liver/enzymology ; Muscles/enzymology ; Phosphoprotein Phosphatases/classification/*physiology ; Phosphoproteins/metabolism ; Phosphorylase Phosphatase/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Biosynthesis ; Protein Kinases/physiology ; Rabbits ; Rats
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  • 14
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    Oxygen tension regulates the expression of angiogenesis factor by macrophages (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-09-23
    Description: When cultured in a hypoxic environment similar to that found in the center of a wound, macrophages secreted active angiogenesis factor into the medium. Under conditions similar to those of well-oxygenated tissue, macrophages did not secrete active angiogenesis factor. Macrophages that secreted the factor at hypoxic conditions stopped secreting it when returned to room air. Thus the control of angiogenesis in wound healing may be the result of macrophages responding to tissue oxygen tension without the necessity of interacting with other cell types or biochemical signals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Knighton, D R -- Hunt, T K -- Scheuenstuhl, H -- Halliday, B J -- Werb, Z -- Banda, M J -- GM27345/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HL26323/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Sep 23;221(4617):1283-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6612342" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Angiogenesis Inducing Agents/*biosynthesis ; Animals ; Anoxia/physiopathology ; Cells, Cultured ; Cornea ; Growth Substances/*biosynthesis ; Macrophages/*physiology ; Models, Biological ; Oxygen/*physiology ; Rabbits ; *Wound Healing
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  • 15
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    Cholesterol--heart disease link illuminated. New findings explain how blood cholesterol levels are controlled and how to lower them substantially in persons at high risk of heart disease (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-09-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Sep 16;221(4616):1164-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6310747" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anticholesteremic Agents/therapeutic use ; Cholesterol/*blood ; Coronary Disease/drug therapy/*etiology ; Humans ; Lovastatin ; Naphthalenes/therapeutic use ; Rabbits ; Receptors, Cell Surface/physiology ; Receptors, LDL
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  • 16
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    Red/Green color opponency at detection threshold (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-01-14
    Description: By means of visual stimnulus without temporal or spatial edges, we have achieved better isolation of chromatic signals at detection threshold than has been reported previously. Under various states of adaptation, the spectral sensitivity of the chromatic mechanism detecting middle- and long-wavelength lights corresponds with that deduced from suprathreshold red/green hue equilibriums.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Thornton, J E -- Pugh, E N Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jan 14;219(4581):191-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6849131" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Color Perception/*physiology ; Humans ; Spectrum Analysis ; Time Factors
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  • 17
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    Human endothelial cells: use of heparin in cloning and long-term serial cultivation (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-11-11
    Description: Endothelial cells from human blood vessels were cultured in vitro, with doubling times of 17 to 21 hours for 42 to 79 population doublings. Cloned human endothelial cell strains were established for the first time and had similar proliferative capacities. This vigorous cell growth was achieved by addition of heparin to culture medium containing reduced concentrations of endothelial cell growth factor. The routine cloning and long-term culture of human endothelial cells will facilitate studying the human endothelium in vitro.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Thornton, S C -- Mueller, S N -- Levine, E M -- AG-00839/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- T32-CA-09171/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Nov 11;222(4624):623-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6635659" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Division/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Clone Cells/enzymology ; Endothelium/*cytology ; Growth Substances/pharmacology ; Heparin/*pharmacology ; Humans ; Time Factors
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  • 18
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    Bone cell differentiation and growth factors (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-05-13
    Description: Bone morphogenetic protein and bone-derived growth factors are biochemical tools for research on induced cell differentiation and local mechanisms controlling cell proliferation. Bone morphogenetic protein irreversibly induces differentiation of perivascular mesenchymal-type cells into osteoprogenitor cells. Bone-derived growth factors are secreted by and for osteoprogenitor cells and stimulate DNA synthesis. Bone generation and regeneration are attributable to the co-efficiency of bone morphogenetic protein and bone-derived growth factors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Urist, M R -- DeLange, R J -- Finerman, G A -- DEO2103-17/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 May 13;220(4598):680-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6403986" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Bone Development ; Bone Matrix/drug effects/physiology ; Bone Morphogenetic Proteins ; Bone Neoplasms/physiopathology ; Cattle ; Cell Differentiation ; DNA, Neoplasm/metabolism ; Dogs ; Growth Substances/*physiology ; Guinea Pigs ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor II ; Mice ; *Osteogenesis ; Osteosarcoma/physiopathology ; Proteins/pharmacology/physiology ; Rabbits ; Rats
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 19
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    Recovery of normal topography in the somatosensory cortex of monkeys after nerve crush and regeneration (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-08-19
    Description: After median nerve fibers to glabrous skin on the hands of monkeys were crushed and allowed to regenerate, normal topographical organization was recovered in the representation of the hand in primary somatosensory cortex. Similar recovery of normal cortical organization may underlie the sensory restoration that usually follows nerve crush injury in humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wall, J T -- Felleman, D J -- Kaas, J H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Aug 19;221(4612):771-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6879175" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aotus trivirgatus/physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Hand/innervation ; *Nerve Crush ; *Nerve Regeneration ; Somatosensory Cortex/*physiology ; Time Factors
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  • 20
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    Potentiation of glucocorticoid activity by 5 beta-dihydrocortisol: its role in glaucoma (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-10-14
    Description: 5 beta-Dihydrocortisol potentiated the threshold level (the smallest dose producing a measurable effect) of topically applied cortisol (0.02 percent) and dexamethasone (0.003 percent) in causing nuclear translocation of the cytosolic glucocorticoid receptor in rabbit iris-ciliary body tissue. 5 beta-Dihydrocortisol accumulates in cells cultured from trabecular meshwork specimens from patients with primary open-angle glaucoma, but not in similar cells derived from nonglaucomatous patients. In view of the sensitivity of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma to the effects of glucocorticoids in raising intraocular pressure, this potentiation may be responsible for the steroid sensitivity and for the ocular hypertension seen in this disorder.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weinstein, B I -- Gordon, G G -- Southren, A L -- EY 01313/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Oct 14;222(4620):172-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6623065" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Ciliary Body/metabolism ; Cytoplasm/metabolism ; Dexamethasone/pharmacology ; Glaucoma, Open-Angle/*physiopathology ; Hydrocortisone/pharmacology ; Intraocular Pressure/*drug effects ; Iris/metabolism ; Rabbits ; Receptors, Glucocorticoid/*drug effects/metabolism ; Receptors, Steroid/*drug effects
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  • 21
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    DNA methylation decreases in aging but not in immortal cells (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-06-03
    Description: When normal diploid fibroblasts from mice, hamsters, and humans were grown in culture, the 5-methylcytosine content of their DNA's markedly decreased. The greatest rate of loss of 5-methylcytosine residues was observed in mouse cells, which survived the least number of division. Immortal mouse cell lines had more stable rates of methylation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wilson, V L -- Jones, P A -- 1-T32-CA09320/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01-GM30892/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jun 3;220(4601):1055-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6844925" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 5-Methylcytosine ; *Aging ; Animals ; Cell Division ; Cell Line ; Cricetinae ; Cytosine/analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; DNA/metabolism/*physiology ; Fibroblasts/metabolism ; Humans ; Mesocricetus ; Methylation ; Mice ; Time Factors
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  • 22
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    Noninvasive observations of fluorinated anesthetics in rabbit brain by fluorine-19 nuclear magnetic resonance (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-10-28
    Description: Fluorinated anesthetics were observed noninvasively in the brain of intact rabbits with fluorine-19 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. High-resolution fluorine-19 spectra of halothane, methoxyflurane, and isoflurane were obtained with a surface coil centered over the calvarium. Elimination of halothane from the brain was also monitored by this technique. Residual fluorine-19 signals from halothane (or a metabolite) could be detected as long as 98 hours after termination of anesthesia. These observations demonstrate the feasibility of using this technique to study the fate of fluorinated anesthetics in live mammals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wyrwicz, A M -- Pszenny, M H -- Schofield, J C -- Tillman, P C -- Gordon, R E -- Martin, P A -- GM 29520/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- K04 GM 00503/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Oct 28;222(4622):428-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6623084" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/*metabolism ; Halothane/*metabolism ; Isoflurane/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Methoxyflurane/*metabolism ; Methyl Ethers/*metabolism ; Rabbits
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  • 23
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    Criteria for evidence of chemical carcinogenicity. Interdisciplinary Panel on Carcinogenicity (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-08-17
    Description: The Interdisciplinary Panel on Carcinogenicity reviewed and reevaluated criteria for assessing evidence of carcinogenicity of chemical substances. The panel reviewed criteria applicable to data derived from human epidemiological studies and from both in vivo and in vitro laboratory studies. A critical appraisal of all these sources of information led to the conclusion that the characterization of human risk always requires interdisciplinary evaluation of the entire array of data on a case-by-case basis. Animal studies, whenever possible, should be augmented by studies of mechanisms, metabolism, and pharmacodynamics. Such studies may assist in assessing risk to man. Recognizing the utility of such data should point the way for better assessment in the future.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Aug 17;225(4663):682-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6463646" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Assay ; *Carcinogens/metabolism/pharmacology ; Carcinogens, Environmental ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Environmental Exposure ; Epidemiologic Methods ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Mixed Function Oxygenases/metabolism ; Mutagenicity Tests ; Neoplasms/chemically induced ; Risk ; Time Factors ; United States
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  • 24
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    Heterochronic mutants of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-10-26
    Description: Mutations in the Caenorhabditis elegans genes lin-14, lin-28, and lin-29 cause heterochronic developmental defects: the timing of specific developmental events in several tissues is altered relative to the timing of events in other tissues. These defects result from temporal transformations in the fates of specific cells, that is, certain cells express fates normally expressed by cells generated at other developmental stages. The identification and characterization of genes that can be mutated to cause heterochrony support the proposal that heterochrony is a mechanism for phylogenetic change and suggest cellular and genetic bases for heterochronic variation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ambros, V -- Horvitz, H R -- GM24663/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM24943/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HD00369/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Oct 26;226(4673):409-16.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6494891" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Caenorhabditis/*genetics ; Female ; *Genes ; Genetic Variation ; Male ; *Mutation ; *Phylogeny ; Time Factors
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  • 25
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    Temporal selectivity in the central auditory system of the leopard frog (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-03-04
    Description: Amplitude modulation is a predominant temporal feature in many vocal signals. The leopard frog, Rana pipiens, has a class of neurons in the central auditory system that respond selectively to particular rates of amplitude modulation; these neurons can be characterized by a temporal tuning curve. Such selectivity is absent in the peripheral auditory system. This type of transformation may be fundamental in processing temporal information in the vertebrate sensory nervous system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rose, G -- Capranica, R R -- NS-09244/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Mar 4;219(4588):1087-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6600522" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animal Communication ; Animals ; Auditory Pathways/*physiology ; Auditory Perception/*physiology ; Brain/physiology ; Rana pipiens/*physiology ; Time Factors
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  • 26
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    Leukotrienes: mediators of immediate hypersensitivity reactions and inflammation (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-05-06
    Description: Arachidonic acid plays a central role in a biological control system where such oxygenated derivatives as prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes are mediators. The leukotrienes are formed by transformation of arachidonic acid into an unstable epoxide intermediate, leukotriene A4, which can be converted enzymatically by hydration to leukotriene B4, and by addition of glutathione to leukotriene C4. This last compound is metabolized to leukotrienes D4 and E4 by successive elimination of a gamma-glutamyl residue and glycine. Slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis consists of leukotrienes C4, D4, and E4. The cysteinyl-containing leukotrienes are potent bronchoconstrictors, increase vascular permeability in postcapillary venules, and stimulate mucus secretion. Leukotriene B4 causes adhesion and chemotactic movement of leukocytes and stimulates aggregation, enzyme release, and generation of superoxide in neutrophils. Leukotrienes C4, D4, and E4, which are released from the lung tissue of asthmatic subjects exposed to specific allergens, seem to play a pathophysiological role in immediate hypersensitivity reactions. These leukotrienes, as well as leukotriene B4, have pro-inflammatory effects.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Samuelsson, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 May 6;220(4597):568-75.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6301011" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arachidonic Acids/metabolism/pharmacology/physiology ; Bronchi/drug effects ; Cats ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; Cricetinae ; Guinea Pigs ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity, Immediate/*physiopathology ; Inflammation/*physiopathology ; Leukocytes/drug effects/metabolism ; Leukotriene B4/pharmacology/*physiology ; Mice ; Microcirculation/drug effects ; Rabbits ; Rats ; SRS-A/*physiology
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  • 27
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    A novel nuclear form of estradiol receptor in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1984-09-14
    Description: Nuclear estrogen receptor from MCF-7 cells undergoes a time-dependent, hormone-inducible transformation to a form that is less extractable from nuclei and less exchangeable with ligand. This receptor-modifying, intranuclear event is independent of receptor loss (processing) and appears associated with hormone responsiveness (progesterone-receptor induction) in these cells. The magnitude of receptor loss, however, is variable and apparently not a prerequisite for hormone action to induce progesterone receptor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kasid, A -- Strobl, J S -- Huff, K -- Greene, G L -- Lippman, M E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Sep 14;225(4667):1162-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6474170" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Breast Neoplasms/*metabolism ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; Humans ; Receptors, Estradiol ; Receptors, Estrogen/*metabolism ; Receptors, Progesterone/biosynthesis ; Time Factors
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  • 28
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    Initiation of angiogenesis by human follicular fluid (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1984-04-27
    Description: Angiogenesis was observed and measured after injection of human follicular fluid into rabbit corneas. Undiluted human follicular fluid stimulated angiogenesis in every case, with new blood vessels visible 3 days after injection and extending 2.0 millimeters from the corneal scleral limbus into the injection site by day 15. Stimulation of angiogenesis was lost by heating or diluting the follicular fluid but was retained after charcoal stripping or dialysis. Human follicular fluid contains an angiogenic factor that may be associated with perifollicular neovascularization during folliculogenesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Frederick, J L -- Shimanuki, T -- diZerega, G S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Apr 27;224(4647):389-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6200930" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Angiogenesis Inducing Agents/*analysis ; Animals ; Body Fluids/*analysis ; Chorionic Gonadotropin/pharmacology ; Cornea/blood supply ; Dialysis ; Female ; Growth Substances/*analysis ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Menstruation ; *Neovascularization, Pathologic ; Ovarian Follicle/*analysis ; Rabbits
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  • 29
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    Neuroendocrine response to estrogen and sexual orientation (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1984-09-28
    Description: A neuroendocrine component, the positive estrogen feedback effect, thought to be related to sexual orientation and, indirectly, to sexual differentiation, was evaluated in healthy, noninstitutionalized research volunteers. Men and women with a lifelong heterosexual orientation and men with a lifelong homosexual orientation were administered an estrogen preparation known to enhance the concentration of luteinizing hormone in women but not in men. The secretory pattern of luteinizing hormone in the homosexuals in response to estrogen was intermediate between that of the heterosexual men and that of the women. Furthermore, testosterone was depressed for a significantly longer period in the homosexual men than in the heterosexual men. These findings suggest that biological markers for sexual orientation may exist.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gladue, B A -- Green, R -- Hellman, R E -- MH-37412/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- RR-05835-03/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Sep 28;225(4669):1496-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6089349" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Estrogens, Conjugated (USP)/*pharmacology ; Estrone/*blood ; Female ; *Homosexuality ; Humans ; Luteinizing Hormone/*blood ; Male ; Sex Factors ; *Sexual Behavior ; Testosterone/*blood ; Time Factors
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  • 30
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    Identification and location of brain protein 4.1 (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1984-06-29
    Description: Protein 4.1 is a membrane skeletal protein that converts the low-affinity interaction between spectrin and actin into a high-affinity ternary complex of spectrin, protein 4.1, and actin that is essential to the structural stability of the erythrocyte. Pig brain was shown to contain an 87-kilodalton immunoreactive analog of protein 4.1 that has partial sequence homology with pig erythrocyte protein 4.1 and the same location as spectrin in the cortical cytoplasm of neuronal and glial cell types of the cerebellum.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goodman, S R -- Casoria, L A -- Coleman, D B -- Zagon, I S -- HL 26059/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- NS19357/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jun 29;224(4656):1433-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6374897" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Actins/metabolism ; Animals ; Blood Proteins/*metabolism ; Brain/*metabolism ; *Cytoskeletal Proteins ; Erythrocytes/metabolism ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Immunoglobulin G/immunology ; Male ; *Membrane Proteins ; *Neuropeptides ; Rabbits ; Spectrin/metabolism ; Swine
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  • 31
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    The biochemistry of memory: a new and specific hypothesis (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1984-06-08
    Description: Recent studies have uncovered a synaptic process with properties required for an intermediate step in memory storage. Calcium rapidly and irreversibly increases the number of receptors for glutamate (a probable neurotransmitter) in forebrain synaptic membranes by activating a proteinase (calpain) that degrades fodrin, a spectrin-like protein. This process provides a means through which physiological activity could produce long-lasting changes in synaptic chemistry and ultrastructure. Since the process is only poorly represented in the brain stem, it is hypothesized to be responsible for those forms of memory localized in the telencephalon.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lynch, G -- Baudry, M -- AG 00538/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- MH 19793-12/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- NH 00358-03/NH/NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jun 8;224(4653):1057-63.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6144182" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Calcium/physiology ; Calpain ; Carrier Proteins/physiology ; Cerebral Cortex/physiology ; Endopeptidases/physiology ; Glutamates/physiology ; Glutamic Acid ; Hippocampus/physiology ; Humans ; Learning/physiology ; Leupeptins/pharmacology ; Memory/*physiology ; *Microfilament Proteins ; Neuronal Plasticity ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Receptors, Cell Surface/physiology ; Receptors, Glutamate ; Receptors, Neurotransmitter/physiology ; Synapses/physiology ; Synaptic Membranes/physiology ; Telencephalon/physiology
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  • 32
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    Cerebellum: essential involvement in the classically conditioned eyelid response (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-01-20
    Description: Classical conditioning of the eyelid response in the rabbit was used to investigate the neuronal structures mediating basic associative learning of discrete, adaptive responses. Lesions of the ipsilateral dentate-interpositus nuclei, but not of the cerebellar cortex, abolished the learned eyeblink response. Recordings from these nuclei have revealed neuronal responses related to the learning of the response. Stimulating these recording sites produced the eyelid response. The dentate-interpositus nuclei were concluded to be critically involved in the learning and production of classically conditioned responses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McCormick, D A -- Thompson, R F -- 1-F31-MH08673/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jan 20;223(4633):296-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6701513" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acoustic Stimulation ; Animals ; *Blinking ; Cerebellar Cortex/physiology ; Cerebellum/*physiology ; *Conditioning, Classical ; *Conditioning, Eyelid ; Rabbits
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    Location and chemical synthesis of a pre-S gene coded immunodominant epitope of hepatitis B virus (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-04-27
    Description: Immunodominant, disulfide-bond independent epitopes recognized by human antibodies to hepatitis B virus (HBV) are located within the 55-residue amino terminal portion (coded for by the pre-S region of HBV DNA) of minor HBV envelope components larger than the major protein constituents encoded by the S gene. A peptide having the sequence of the first 26 amino acids from the amino terminal methionine was synthesized and elicited antibodies (at dilutions of greater than or equal to 1 to 10(5) ) to the HBV envelope. These antibodies can be utilized for diagnostic tests. The immunogenicity of the peptide was substantially increased by covalent attachment to liposomes. The disulfide bond-independent determinants on sequences coded for by the pre-S gene may be more easily mimicked by peptide analogs than "conformational" determinants on the S-gene product.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Neurath, A R -- Kent, S B -- Strick, N -- 9011/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Apr 27;224(4647):392-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6200931" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Epitopes/*analysis/genetics/immunology ; *Genes, Viral ; Hepatitis B Antibodies/biosynthesis ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/analysis/genetics/*immunology ; Hepatitis B virus/genetics/*immunology ; Immunization ; Liposomes ; Peptides/chemical synthesis/genetics/*immunology ; Rabbits
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    Antibodies to human c-myc oncogene product: evidence of an evolutionarily conserved protein induced during cell proliferation (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-08-17
    Description: Antisera to a synthetic c-myc peptide and to c-myc antigens synthesized from various portions of the human gene expressed in Escherichia coli were used in order to characterize the protein product of the human c-myc oncogene. Although the deduced molecular weight of the human c-myc protein is 49,000, these antisera precipitate a protein from human cells that migrates in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel as if its molecular weight were 65,000. In addition, the mouse c-myc protein, whether synthesized in cells or in a cell-free system directed by pure, synthetic messenger RNA, has analogous properties and is immunoprecipitated by the antiserum to the human c-myc protein. Similar proteins are immunoprecipitated from monkey, rat, hamster, and frog cells, suggesting evolutionary conservation of antigenic structure of the c-myc protein among vertebrates. In addition, and in a manner consistent with the behavior of its messenger RNA, the immunoprecipitable c-myc protein is sharply induced by the action of mitogens on resting human T cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Persson, H -- Hennighausen, L -- Taub, R -- DeGrado, W -- Leder, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Aug 17;225(4663):687-93.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6431612" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antibodies, Neoplasm/*immunology ; Base Sequence ; *Cell Division ; Chickens ; Cricetinae ; DNA, Neoplasm/genetics ; DNA, Recombinant/metabolism ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Mice ; Mitogens/pharmacology ; Molecular Weight ; Neoplasm Proteins/genetics/*immunology ; *Oncogenes ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Rabbits ; Rats
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    Plasmodium knowlesi sporozoite antigen: expression by infectious recombinant vaccinia virus (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-04-27
    Description: The gene coding for the circumsporozoite antigen of the malaria parasite Plasmodium knowlesi was inserted into the vaccinia virus genome under the control of a defined vaccinia virus promoter. Cells infected with the recombinant virus synthesized polypeptides of 53,000 to 56,000 daltons that reacted with monoclonal antibody against the repeating epitope of the malaria protein. Furthermore, rabbits vaccinated with the recombinant virus produced antibodies that bound specifically to sporozoites. These data provide evidence for expression of a cloned malaria gene in mammalian cells and illustrate the potential of vaccinia virus recombinants as live malaria vaccines.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, G L -- Godson, G N -- Nussenzweig, V -- Nussenzweig, R S -- Barnwell, J -- Moss, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Apr 27;224(4647):397-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6200932" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibody Formation ; Antigens, Surface/analysis/*genetics/immunology ; *Cloning, Molecular ; *DNA, Recombinant ; Epitopes/immunology ; Genes ; Genes, Viral ; Genetic Vectors ; Operon ; Plasmodium/*genetics/immunology ; Rabbits ; Vaccination ; Vaccinia virus/*genetics
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    Long-term potentiation of hippocampal synaptic transmission affects rate of behavioral learning (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-05-11
    Description: Electrical stimulation techniques were used to produce a long-lasting potentiation of synaptic transmission in the hippocampus of naive rabbits. Animals were then classically conditioned. Long-term potentiation of the hippocampus before training increased the rate at which animals subsequently learned the conditioning task. This result has significance for potential cellular mechanisms of associative learning.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Berger, T W -- MH 00343/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 May 11;224(4649):627-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6324350" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Electric Stimulation ; Hippocampus/*physiology ; Learning/*physiology ; Male ; Nictitating Membrane/physiology ; Rabbits ; Receptors, Neurotransmitter/physiology ; Synapses/physiology ; *Synaptic Transmission
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    Clustering of human H1 and core histone genes (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-06-08
    Description: An H1 histone gene was isolated from a 15-kilobase human DNA genomic sequence. The presence of H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 genes in this same 15-kilobase fragment indicates that mammalian core and H1 histone genes are clustered.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carozzi, N -- Marashi, F -- Plumb, M -- Zimmerman, S -- Zimmerman, A -- Coles, L S -- Wells, J R -- Stein, G -- Stein, J -- GM 32010/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jun 8;224(4653):1115-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6719136" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; DNA/genetics ; *Genes ; HeLa Cells ; Histones/*genetics ; Humans ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Rabbits ; Trout ; Xenopus
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    Altered activity in the hippocampus is more detrimental to classical conditioning than removing the structure (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-04-15
    Description: Hippocampal ablation has no effect on the acquisition of the rabbit's classically conditioned nictitating membrane response. Systemic administration of scopolamine, which alters hippocampal neuronal activity, severely retards acquisition of the conditioned response in normal animals and those with cortical ablations. In animals with hippocampal ablations, however, scopolamine has no effect on conditioning. These findings suggest that altered neuronal activity in the hippocampus is more detrimental to conditioning than removing the structure.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Solomon, P R -- Solomon, S D -- Schaaf, E V -- Perry, H E -- MH33381/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 15;220(4594):329-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6836277" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Conditioning, Classical/drug effects/*physiology ; Female ; Hippocampus/drug effects/*physiology ; Male ; Nictitating Membrane/physiology ; Rabbits ; Scopolamine Hydrobromide/pharmacology
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    Amiloride directly inhibits the Na,K-ATPase activity of rabbit kidney proximal tubules (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-05-27
    Description: Amiloride inhibited the ouabain-sensitive rate of oxygen consumption (QO2) of a suspension of rabbit intact proximal tubules in the presence of different concentrations of extracellular sodium. Measurements of the ouabain-sensitive QO2 in the presence of nystatin, the tissue sodium and potassium contents of the tubules in suspension, and the sodium- and potassium-dependent adenosinetriphosphatase (Na,K-ATPase) activity of lysed tubule membranes indicated that the effect of amiloride was due to a direct inhibition of the Na,K-ATPase activity of the proximal tubule.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Soltoff, S P -- Mandel, L J -- AM26816/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- GM29256/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 May 27;220(4600):957-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6302840" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amiloride/*pharmacology ; Animals ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Ion Channels/drug effects ; Kidney Tubules, Proximal/drug effects/*enzymology ; Nystatin/pharmacology ; Ouabain/pharmacology ; Oxygen Consumption/drug effects ; Pyrazines/*pharmacology ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Sodium/metabolism ; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase/*antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism
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    An ultrahigh-speed analysis of exocytosis: nematocyst discharge (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1984-02-24
    Description: High-speed microcinematography of nematocyst discharge in Hydra attenuata Pall. shows that this specialized exocytosis, which appears to result from an increase in the intracapsular pressure, requires a total of about 3 milliseconds. A maximum velocity of 2 meters per second is generated, corresponding to an acceleration of 40,000g. Thus nematocyst discharge is one of the fastest cellular processes in nature.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holstein, T -- Tardent, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Feb 24;223(4638):830-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6695186" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Exocytosis ; Hydra/*physiology ; Motion Pictures as Topic ; Osmolar Concentration ; Time Factors
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    Morphine analgesia potentiated but tolerance not affected by active immunization against cholecystokinin (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-12-07
    Description: Administration of cholecystokinin was recently found to attenuate opiate analgesia. In the present study, the role of endogenous cholecystokinin in opiate analgesia was examined. Endogenously released cholecystokinin was sequestered by antibodies to cholecystokinin developed in response to an active immunization procedure. Morphine analgesia was potentiated and prolonged in rats immunized against cholecystokinin. The rate of development of morphine tolerance, however, was not affected by the antibodies. Endogenous cholecystokinin appears to function as a short-term modulator of opiate action.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Faris, P L -- McLaughlin, C L -- Baile, C A -- Olney, J W -- Komisaruk, B R -- ES-07066/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- MH-38894/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Dec 7;226(4679):1215-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6505689" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies ; Cholecystokinin/immunology/*physiology ; *Drug Tolerance ; Immunization ; Male ; Morphine/*pharmacology ; Pain/*physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Time Factors
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    Surface-active biomaterials (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1984-11-09
    Description: Since the discovery in 1969 of a man-made surface-active material that would bond to bone, a range of materials with the same ability has been developed. These include glass, glass-ceramic, and ceramic materials which have a range of reaction rates and from which it should be possible to select a surface-active material for a specific application. The available materials and their similarities, differences, and current clinical applications are reviewed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hench, L L -- Wilson, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Nov 9;226(4675):630-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6093253" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biocompatible Materials/metabolism/therapeutic use ; Bone Cements/therapeutic use ; Bone and Bones/metabolism ; Ceramics ; Dogs ; Durapatite ; Glass ; Humans ; Hydroxyapatites/therapeutic use ; Male ; Orthodontics ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Surface Properties ; Tissue Adhesives/therapeutic use
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    Neurophysiological evidence for a traveling wave in the amphibian inner ear (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1984-09-07
    Description: In response to low-frequency sounds (less than 1.0 kilohertz) auditory nerve fibers in the treefrog, Eleutherodactylus coqui, discharge at a preferred phase of the stimulus waveform which is a linear function of the stimulus frequency. Moreover, the slopes of the phase-versus-frequency functions (equivalent to the system time delays) systematically increase as the characteristic frequency of the fibers decreases. These neurophysiological observations, coupled with the known tonotopy of the amphibian papilla suggest that a traveling wave occurs in the inner ear of frogs despite the absence of a basilar membrane. Electrical tuning may contribute to these characteristic frequency-dependent delays.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hillery, C M -- Narins, P M -- NS07005-02/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS19725-01/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Sep 7;225(4666):1037-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6474164" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acoustic Stimulation ; Animals ; Auditory Pathways ; Cochlea/*physiology ; Ear, Inner/innervation/*physiology ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory ; Hair Cells, Auditory/*physiology ; Neurons/physiology ; Ranidae ; Tectorial Membrane/innervation/*physiology ; Time Factors ; Vestibulocochlear Nerve/*physiology
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    Facilitated sexual behavior reversed and serotonin restored by raphe nuclei transplanted into denervated hypothalamus (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-12-21
    Description: Fetal raphe cells transplanted into the hypothalamus reversed facilitation of feminine sexual behavior in rats with brain lesions induced by 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine. Immunocytochemical and chemical analyses of serotonin indicate that reinnervation of the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus by the transplants is associated with behavioral recovery. The findings suggest that transplanted fetal tissue can exert functional regulation over an innate, complex, hormone-dependent behavior in adult rats.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Luine, V N -- Renner, K J -- Frankfurt, M -- Azmitia, E C -- HD06368/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HD12011/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Dec 21;226(4681):1436-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6209800" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 5,7-Dihydroxytryptamine/pharmacology ; Animals ; Castration ; Catecholamines/analysis ; Denervation ; Estradiol/pharmacology ; Female ; Fetus ; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid/analysis ; Hypothalamus/*physiology/surgery ; Raphe Nuclei/*physiology/transplantation ; Rats ; Serotonin/*metabolism ; *Sexual Behavior, Animal ; Time Factors
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    Synthesis of compounds with properties of leukotrienes C4 and D4 in gerbil brains after ischemia and reperfusion (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1984-05-25
    Description: 6-Sulfidopeptide-containing leukotriene-like immunoreactivity was synthesized in gerbil forebrains after bilateral common carotid occlusion and reperfusion. At 5, 10, or 15 minutes of ischemia, concentrations increased significantly and became more marked on reperfusion. Immunoreactivity was highest in forebrain gray matter and was below the detection limit of the assay in brain regions remote from the zone of ischemia. In vitro experiments with vascular cells and organ cultures of cerebral arteries indicate that the cerebral blood vessel wall is not a major source of biosynthetic activity in the brain. These experiments demonstrate leukotriene biosynthesis by the brain. Because synthesis occurs during ischemia and reperfusion and because leukotrienes are potent vasoconstrictors and promoters of tissue edema, they may play a role in the pathophysiology of cerebral ischemia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Moskowitz, M A -- Kiwak, K J -- Hekimian, K -- Levine, L -- NS19038/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 May 25;224(4651):886-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6719118" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/*metabolism ; Brain Ischemia/*metabolism ; Cerebral Arteries/metabolism ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Gerbillinae ; Radioimmunoassay ; SRS-A/*biosynthesis ; Time Factors
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    Shiga-like toxin-converting phages from Escherichia coli strains that cause hemorrhagic colitis or infantile diarrhea (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1984-11-09
    Description: Escherichia coli K-12 acquired the ability to produce a high titer of Shiga-like toxin after lysogenization by either of two different bacteriophages isolated from a highly toxinogenic Escherichia coli O157:H7 strain that causes hemorrhagic colitis. One of these phages and another Shiga-like toxin-converting phage from an Escherichia coli O26 isolate associated with infantile diarrhea were closely related in terms of morphology, virion polypeptides, DNA restriction fragments, lysogenic immunity, and heat stability, although a difference in host range was noted. These phages are currently the best-characterized representatives from a broader family of Shiga-like toxin-converting phages.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉O'Brien, A D -- Newland, J W -- Miller, S F -- Holmes, R K -- Smith, H W -- Formal, S B -- AI20148-01/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Nov 9;226(4675):694-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6387911" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bacterial Toxins/*metabolism ; Bacteriophages/*metabolism ; Colitis, Ulcerative/*microbiology ; DNA, Viral/metabolism ; Diarrhea, Infantile/*microbiology ; Escherichia coli/*metabolism ; Humans ; Rabbits ; Shiga Toxins
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    Kainic acid induces sprouting of retinal neurons (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1984-02-03
    Description: The neurotoxin kainic acid caused dose-dependent morphological changes in horizontal cells of the retinas of adult cats and rabbits. High concentrations of kainic acid killed the cells, but when exposed to sublethal doses they contracted their dendritic fields and sent sprouting processes into the inner retina. It appears that kainic acid can induce neuronal growth as well as degeneration and that the potential for morphological plasticity is still present in neurons of the adult mammalian retina.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Peichl, L -- Bolz, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Feb 3;223(4635):503-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6691162" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Dendrites/ultrastructure ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Kainic Acid/*pharmacology ; Nerve Degeneration/drug effects ; Neurons/cytology/*drug effects ; Pyrrolidines/*pharmacology ; Rabbits ; Retina/cytology/*drug effects
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    Insulin-mediated regulation of neuronal maturation (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1984-09-14
    Description: Exposure to insulin increased stimulus-evoked transmission at synapses formed in culture by cholinergic retinal neurons derived from fetal rats. This effect occurred at physiological concentrations and was long lasting. The findings support the hypothesis that insulin may serve as a developmental signal to regulate the emergence of effective neurotransmission across nascent synapses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Puro, D G -- Agardh, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Sep 14;225(4667):1170-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6089343" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Insulin/pharmacology/*physiology ; Muscles ; Neurons/*growth & development/physiology ; Parasympathetic Nervous System/physiology ; Rats ; Retina ; Synaptic Transmission ; Time Factors
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    Neuroleptic-induced decrease in plasma homovanillic acid and antipsychotic activity in schizophrenic patients (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-08-31
    Description: Plasma-free homovanillic acid, a major metabolite of dopamine, was measured in chronically ill schizophrenic patients both before and during treatment with the antipsychotic phenothiazine, fluphenazine. Neuroleptic treatment was associated with a significant time-dependent decrease in plasma homovanillic acid from pretreatment values, which were significantly elevated when compared with those of age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects. Further, both the absolute concentrations as well as the neuroleptic-induced reductions in plasma homovanillic acid determined over 5 weeks of neuroleptic treatment were statistically significantly correlated with ratings of psychosis and improvement in psychosis, respectively. These findings suggest that the delayed effects of neuroleptic agents on presynaptic dopamine activity may more closely parallel their therapeutic actions than do their immediate effects in blocking postsynaptic dopamine receptors and that a decrease in dopamine "turnover" may be responsible for their antipsychotic effects.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pickar, D -- Labarca, R -- Linnoila, M -- Roy, A -- Hommer, D -- Everett, D -- Paul, S M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Aug 31;225(4665):954-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6474162" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Dopamine/metabolism ; Female ; Fluphenazine/pharmacology/*therapeutic use ; Homovanillic Acid/*blood ; Humans ; Male ; Phenylacetates/*blood ; Schizophrenia/blood/*drug therapy ; Time Factors
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    Fibronectin binds to some bacteria but does not promote their uptake by phagocytic cells (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-04-08
    Description: The involvement of plasma fibronectin in phagocytosis of bacteria was investigated by testing the binding of fibronectin to several species of bacteria and by evaluating the ability of fibronectin to promote binding and endocytosis of two species of these bacteria by phagocytic cells. Fibronectin binds non-covalently to Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and to yeast but did not appear to be necessary or sufficient for uptake of Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium by several different phagocytic cell types.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Van de Water, L -- Destree, A T -- Hynes, R O -- R01CA17007/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 8;220(4593):201-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6338594" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bacteria/*metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cricetinae ; Endocytosis ; Fibronectins/*metabolism ; Humans ; Macrophages/physiology ; Mice ; Opsonin Proteins/physiology ; *Phagocytosis ; Rabbits ; Salmonella typhimurium/metabolism ; Sepsis/immunology ; Staphylococcus aureus/metabolism
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    Effects of tyrosine administration on serum biopterin in normal controls and patients with Parkinson's disease (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-01-07
    Description: After administration of tyrosine, total concentration of biopterin, the cofactor for tyrosine hydroxylase, was increased in the striatum, adrenal glands, and serum of rats, and in the serum of humans. Serum biopterin is lower in patients with Parkinson's disease than in normal controls. After oral administration of tyrosine, the increase in serum biopterin concentration was smaller in patients with Parkinson's disease (less than twofold) than in healthy controls (three-to sevenfold). These results suggest that tyrosine may have a regulatory role in biopterin biosynthesis and that patients with Parkinson's disease may have some abnormality in the regulation of biopterin biosynthesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yamaguchi, T -- Nagatsu, T -- Sugimoto, T -- Matsuura, S -- Kondo, T -- Iizuka, R -- Narabayashi, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jan 7;219(4580):75-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6849120" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Administration, Oral ; Adrenal Glands/metabolism ; Alanine/pharmacology ; Animals ; Biopterin/*blood ; Corpus Striatum/metabolism ; Humans ; Injections, Intraperitoneal ; Liver/metabolism ; Male ; Parkinson Disease/*blood ; Pteridines/*blood ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Time Factors ; Tyrosine/administration & dosage/*pharmacology
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    Destruction of noradrenergic neurons in rabbit brainstem elevates plasma vasopressin, causing hypertension (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-08-13
    Description: When A1 noradrenergic neurons in the caudal ventrolateral medulla of rabbits are destroyed electrolytically or by local injection of the neurotoxin kainic acid, the concentration of vasopressin in plasma increases, causing hypertension. The A1 neurons may tonically inhibit the activity of vasopressin-secreting neuroendocrine cells through a direct hypothalamic projection.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Blessing, W W -- Sved, A F -- Reis, D J -- HL 1894/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 13;217(4560):661-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6124043" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenergic Fibers/*physiology ; Animals ; Arginine Vasopressin/*blood ; Blood Pressure ; Brain Stem/*physiology ; Glutamates/pharmacology ; Glutamic Acid ; Hypertension/*etiology ; Hypothalamus/physiology ; Kainic Acid/pharmacology ; Male ; Neurosecretion ; Norepinephrine/physiology ; Rabbits
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    Lyme disease-a tick-borne spirochetosis? (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-06-18
    Description: A treponema-like spirochete was detected in and isolated from adult Ixodes dammini, the incriminated tick vector of Lyme disease. Causally related to the spirochetes may be long-lasting cutaneous lesions that appeared on New Zealand White rabbits 10 to 12 weeks after infected ticks fed on them. Samples of serum from patients with Lyme disease were shown by indirect immunofluorescence to contain antibodies to this agent. It is suggested that the newly discovered spirochete is involved in the etiology of Lyme disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Burgdorfer, W -- Barbour, A G -- Hayes, S F -- Benach, J L -- Grunwaldt, E -- Davis, J P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 18;216(4552):1317-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7043737" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arachnid Vectors/*microbiology ; Arthritis, Infectious/*microbiology ; Digestive System/microbiology ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Humans ; Microscopy, Electron ; Microvilli/microbiology/ultrastructure ; Rabbits ; Seasons ; Spirochaetales/ultrastructure ; Spirochaetales Infections/*microbiology ; Ticks/*microbiology
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    Naloxone reverses neonatal depression caused by fetal asphyxia (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-06-11
    Description: Pregnant near-term rabbits were given an intravenous dose of saline or the opiate antagonist naloxone and then asphyxiated. The fetuses were delivered by cesarean section and evaluated for respiration, color, muscle tone, response to stimulation, and general activity at 1, 3, 5, 10, 15, and 30 minutes of age. The naloxone-treated pups had significantly better scores during the first 15 minutes after birth than the saline-treated pups. Naloxone did not adversely affect the scores of nonasphyxiated pups. These data suggest that endogenous opiates worsen the neonatal depression caused by intrauterine asphyxia and that this effect can be reversed by naloxone.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chernick, V -- Craig, R J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 11;216(4551):1252-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7200636" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Newborn/*physiology ; Asphyxia Neonatorum/complications/*physiopathology ; Depression/prevention & control ; Disease Models, Animal ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Naloxone/*pharmacology ; Rabbits
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    Phagocyte impotence caused by an invasive bacterial adenylate cyclase (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-09-03
    Description: For unknown reasons, humans infected with the bacterium Bordetella pertussis are exceptionally vulnerable to secondary infections. Bordetella species elaborate a soluble, heat-stable, and highly active adenylate cyclase. This enzyme is internalized by phagocytic cells and catalyzes the unregulated formation of adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic AMP), thereby disrupting normal cellular function. This unusual phenomenon may explain Bordetella-induced aphylaxis and may prove to be useful for investigating a variety of cyclic AMP-governed processes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Confer, D L -- Eaton, J W -- 5T32H- L07062/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 3;217(4563):948-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6287574" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenylyl Cyclases/*metabolism ; Animals ; Bordetella pertussis/*enzymology ; Cells, Cultured ; Cyclic AMP/biosynthesis ; Humans ; Macrophages/physiology ; Neutrophils/physiology ; Phagocytes/*physiology ; Rabbits ; Superoxides/metabolism ; Temperature
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    Rabbit hepatic progesterone 21-hydroxylase exhibits a bimodal distribution of activity (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-08-20
    Description: Progesterone 21-hydroxylase activity varies extensively among liver microsomes prepared from individual New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits. The 21-hydroxylase activities are distributed between two groupings that differ by more than tenfold in mean activity. Both male and female animals are represented in the two groupings. However, females exhibited the higher activity more frequently than males. The 21-hydroxylation of progesterone is catalyzed by one of the liver microsomal cytochrome P-450 isozymes, form 1, and these differences in activity are suggestive of differences in the occurrence of this isozyme among NZW rabbits.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dieter, H H -- Muller-Eberhard, U -- Johnson, E F -- HD04445/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 20;217(4561):741-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6808664" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/metabolism ; Desoxycorticosterone/metabolism ; Female ; Isoenzymes/metabolism ; Liver/*enzymology ; Male ; Microsomes, Liver/metabolism ; NADPH-Ferrihemoprotein Reductase/metabolism ; Progesterone/*metabolism ; Rabbits ; Sex Factors ; Steroid 21-Hydroxylase/*metabolism ; Steroid Hydroxylases/*metabolism
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    Cholinergic agonists induce vectorial release of serotonin from duodenal enterochromaffin cells (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-23
    Description: Serotonin-containing enterochromaffin cells in the rabbit duodenal mucosa span the tissue contacting both the luminal and serosal sides. When the serosal surface is stimulated with carbachol in vitro, serotonin is secreted on the serosal side but not the mucosal side. Carbachol added to the luminal side is ineffective. Atropine but not hexamethonium blocks the effect of carbachol. Acetylcholine on the serosal surface also stimulates serotonin release on the serosal side. These findings indicate that enterochromaffin cells possess on their serosal surfaces muscarinic receptors that mediate vectorial release of serotonin when activated by cholinergic agonists.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Forsberg, E J -- Miller, R J -- DA 02121/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 23;217(4557):355-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089569" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylcholine/pharmacology ; Animals ; Atropine/pharmacology ; Carbachol/pharmacology ; Chromaffin System/*secretion ; Duodenum/physiology ; Enterochromaffin Cells/*secretion ; Hexamethonium Compounds/pharmacology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Intestinal Mucosa/drug effects ; Parasympathomimetics/*pharmacology ; Rabbits ; Receptors, Muscarinic/metabolism ; Serotonin/*secretion ; Serous Membrane/drug effects
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    Sugar infusion can enhance feeding (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-10-29
    Description: An investigation was made of the role of glucose in the regulation of hunger and satiety in the rabbit. Glucose, when infused intraduodenally at a low rate (1 milliliter per minute), produced a decrease in food intake. However, when glucose was infused into the duodenum at a high rate (3 milliliters per minute), the rabbits nearly doubled their food intake during the first half-hour after infusion. It is hypothesized that the rapid arrival and glucose in the duodenum may produce hunger.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Geiselman, P J -- Novin, D -- NS7687/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 29;218(4571):490-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123251" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blood Glucose/physiology ; Duodenum/*physiology ; Female ; Glucose/administration & dosage/*pharmacology ; Rabbits ; Satiation/*drug effects ; Satiety Response/*drug effects
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    Intracellular pH of mitogen-stimulated lymphocytes (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-05-28
    Description: Mitogenic stimulation of mouse lymphocytes results in two sequential intracellular alkalinizations. The first shift of intracellular pH from 7.18 to 7.35 coincides with early biochemical events following mitogenic stimulation. The second alkalinization begins 12 hours after stimulation and rises in parallel with the rate of thymidine incorporation. The results suggest that intracellular alkalinization following stimulation may play a key role in the enhancement of cellular activation and mitogenesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gerson, D F -- Kiefer, H -- Eufe, W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 May 28;216(4549):1009-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6281887" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; B-Lymphocytes/physiology ; DNA Replication ; *Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; *Lymphocyte Activation ; Lymphocytes/drug effects/*physiology ; Mice ; Mitogens/pharmacology ; Phosphotransferases/metabolism ; Spleen ; T-Lymphocytes/physiology ; Time Factors
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    Interspecies variations in mammalian lens metabolites as detected by phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-03-26
    Description: Multiple interspecies differences were detected between humans and seven other mammals in 15 of the 24 metabolites measured in the intact crystalline lens and lens perchloric acid extracts. Generally, the number of statistically significant metabolite differences among the various species, relative to the human, increase in the following order: cat or approximately dog greater than pig greater than rat greater than sheep greater than rabbit greater than cow.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kopp, S J -- Glonek, T -- Greiner, J V -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 26;215(4540):1622-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7071581" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenine Nucleotides/metabolism ; Animals ; Carbohydrate Metabolism ; Cats ; Choline/metabolism ; Dogs ; Humans ; Lens, Crystalline/*metabolism ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Phosphocreatine/metabolism ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Species Specificity
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    Precipitated withdrawal by a benzodiazepine receptor antagonist (Ro 15-1788) after 7 days of diazepam (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-09-17
    Description: Baboons implanted with intragastric catheters were given diazepam (10 milligrams per kilogram of body weight) twice daily for 45 consecutive days. On days 7 and 35, they were given intramuscular injections of the benzodiazepine receptor antagonist Ro 15-1788. Mild and intermediate withdrawal signs, including retching and vomiting, were observed after 7 days of diazepam, and more frequent and intense withdrawal signs, including tremor and convulsion, occurred after 35 days of diazepam. With the termination of the diazepam injections after 45 days, a mild to intermediate withdrawal syndrome was observed over the next 15-day period.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lukas, S E -- Griffiths, R R -- DA-01147/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- DA-05186/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 17;217(4565):1161-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6287579" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Benzodiazepinones/*pharmacology ; Diazepam/*pharmacology ; Flumazenil ; Humans ; Male ; Papio ; Receptors, Drug/*drug effects ; Receptors, GABA-A ; Receptors, Neurotransmitter/drug effects ; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/*chemically induced ; Time Factors
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    New angiogenesis inhibitor identified (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-06-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maugh, T H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 18;216(4552):1304.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6177046" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cornea/blood supply ; Neovascularization, Pathologic/*drug effects ; Protamines/*pharmacology ; Rabbits
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    Sleep-promoting factor isolated (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-06-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maugh, T H 2nd -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 25;216(4553):1400.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6124035" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine/*analogs & derivatives ; Alanine/analysis ; Animals ; Cats ; Diaminopimelic Acid/analysis ; Glutamates/analysis ; Glutamic Acid ; Glycopeptides/*urine ; Humans ; Intestines/microbiology ; Muramic Acids/analysis ; Polysaccharides, Bacterial/analysis ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Sleep/*drug effects
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    Selective, naloxone-reversible morphine depression of learned behavioral and hippocampal responses (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-04-23
    Description: Morphine administered intravenously causes immediate and complete abolition of a simple learned response (classically conditioned nictitating membrane extension in rabbit) and of the associated learning-induced increase in hippocampal neuron activity. Both effects are completely reversed by low doses of naloxone. Morphine has no effect at all on behavioral performance of the unconditioned reflex response.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mauk, M D -- Warren, J T -- Thompson, R F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 23;216(4544):434-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7071592" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*drug effects ; Conditioning (Psychology)/*drug effects ; Hippocampus/*physiology ; Memory/drug effects ; Morphine/antagonists & inhibitors/*pharmacology ; Naloxone/pharmacology ; Rabbits
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    Neonatal treatment with antiserum to prolactin lowers blood pressure in rats (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-07-09
    Description: Prolactin administration reportedly increases blood pressure in rats and rabbits. To study the effects of prolactin deficiency on blood pressure, rats were given saline, normal rabbit serum, or rabbit antiserum to rat prolactin on postnatal days 2 to 5. Both males and females given antiserum had significantly lower blood pressure at 14 weeks than rats given saline or normal rabbit serum. Blood pressure differences between females given antiserum and females given saline disappeared during and following pregnancy. The antiserum also lowered the concentration of prolactin in plasma 49 percent in males and decreased the prolactin response to ether stress in both sexes. These results suggest that endogenous prolactin is involved in blood pressure regulation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mills, D E -- Buckman, M T -- Peake, G T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 9;217(4555):162-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089550" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; *Blood Pressure ; Female ; Immune Sera/pharmacology ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Animal ; Prolactin/blood/immunology/*physiology ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Sex Characteristics ; Sodium Chloride/pharmacology
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    Bilirubin-induced modulation of cerebral protein phosphorylation in neonate rabbits in vivo (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-10-08
    Description: Protein phosphorylation in cerebral cell-free preparations from neonate rabbits was inhibited by bilirubin and promoted by aminophylline when these substances had been administered intravenously. In animals given both compounds, the bilirubin-induced inhibition of phosphorylation was partly reversed by aminophylline. Adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate added in vitro during the assays also increased protein phosphorylation. These data introduce new concepts in the pathogenesis of kernicterus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Morphis, L -- Constantopoulos, A -- Matsaniotis, N -- Papaphilis, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 8;218(4568):156-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123226" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aminophylline/pharmacology ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Bilirubin/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Brain/drug effects/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/*metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Kinases/*metabolism ; Rabbits
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    Cellular mechanism of neuronal synchronization in epilepsy (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-05-14
    Description: Interictal spikes are a simple kind of epileptic neuronal activity. Field potentials and intracellular recordings observed during interictal spikes of penicillin-treated slices of the hippocampus were reproduced by a mathematical model of a network of 100 hippocampal neurons from the region including CA2 and CA3. The model shows that this form of neuronal synchronization arises because of mutual excitation between neurons, each of which is capable of intrinsic bursting in response to a brief input.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Traub, R D -- Wong, R K -- NS18464/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 May 14;216(4547):745-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7079735" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials/drug effects ; Epilepsy/*physiopathology ; Hippocampus/*physiopathology ; Models, Biological ; Neurons/physiology ; Penicillins/pharmacology ; Time Factors
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    Bronchoconstrictor effects of leukotriene C in humans (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-04-09
    Description: Maximum expiratory flow rate at 30 percent of vital capacity above residual volume served as an index of airway obstruction in comparing the effects of leukotriene C and histamine administered by aerosol to five normal persons. Leukotriene C was 600 to 9500 times more potent than histamine on a molar basis in producing an equivalent decrement in the residual volume. The leukotriene C response was slow in onset and prolonged, reminiscent of the effects of aerosol allergen challenge in asthmatic allergic subjects.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weiss, J W -- Drazen, J M -- Coles, N -- McFadden, E R Jr -- Weller, P F -- Corey, E J -- Lewis, R A -- Austen, K F -- AI-00399/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI-07722/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI-10356/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 9;216(4542):196-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7063880" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Airway Resistance/*drug effects ; Bronchi/*drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Histamine/pharmacology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostaglandins F/pharmacology ; SRS-A/*pharmacology ; Time Factors
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  • 69
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    Running and breathing in mammals (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-01-21
    Description: Mechanical constraints appear to require that locomotion and breathing be synchronized in running mammals. Phase locking of limb and respiratory frequency has now been recorded during treadmill running in jackrabbits and during locomotion on solid ground in dogs, horses, and humans. Quadrupedal species normally synchronize the locomotor and respiratory cycles at a constant ratio of 1:1 (strides per breath) in both the trot and gallop. Human runners differ from quadrupeds in that while running they employ several phase-locked patterns (4:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 5:2, and 3:2), although a 2:1 coupling ratio appears to be favored. Even though the evolution of bipedal gait has reduced the mechanical constraints on respiration in man, thereby permitting greater flexibility in breathing pattern, it has seemingly not eliminated the need for the synchronization of respiration and body motion during sustained running. Flying birds have independently achieved phase-locked locomotor and respiratory cycles. This hints that strict locomotor-respiratory coupling may be a vital factor in the sustained aerobic exercise of endothermic vertebrates, especially those in which the stresses of locomotion tend to deform the thoracic complex.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bramble, D M -- Carrier, D R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jan 21;219(4582):251-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6849136" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Gait ; Horses ; Humans ; *Locomotion ; Mammals ; *Physical Exertion ; Rabbits ; *Respiration
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    Uphill sodium transport driven by an inward calcium gradient in heart muscle (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-01-14
    Description: Heart cells were loaded with sodium by treatment with toxic doses of acetyl strophanthidin. After this treatment, an increase in extracellular calcium resulted in a transient net outward sodium flux against its electrochemical gradient and in net cellular uptake of calcium. It is concluded that the free energy for the net outward sodium movement was derived from the increased calcium gradient and that these ion movements took place through the sodium-calcium exchange. While in the normal physiological state the sodium-calcium exchange produces calcium extrusion from the cell, these experiments demonstrate its reversibility.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3521047/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3521047/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bridge, J H -- Bassingthwaighte, J B -- P41 RR001243/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- P41 RR001243-190021/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jan 14;219(4581):178-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6849128" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Transport, Active ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Cytoplasm/metabolism ; Membrane Potentials ; Myocardium/*metabolism ; Potassium/metabolism ; Rabbits ; Sarcolemma/metabolism ; Sodium/*metabolism
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    Ethanol modulation of opiate receptors in cultured neural cells (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-12-16
    Description: The mouse neuroblastoma-rat glioma hybrid cell line NG108-15 was used to study the acute and chronic interaction of ethanol with intact neural cells. In the short term, ethanol inhibited opiate receptor binding, but after long-term exposure the cells exhibited an apparent adaptive increase in the number of opiate binding sites; this was reversible when ethanol was withdrawn. High concentrations of ethanol (200 mM) increased opiate binding after 18 to 24 hours, whereas lower concentrations (25 to 50 mM) produced similar changes after 2 weeks. This model system has potential for exploring the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying ethanol intoxication, tolerance, and withdrawal.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Charness, M E -- Gordon, A S -- Diamond, I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Dec 16;222(4629):1246-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6316506" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Enkephalin, Methionine/analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; Ethanol/*pharmacology ; Glioma ; Hybrid Cells ; Mice ; Neuroblastoma ; Neurons/*drug effects/metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Opioid/*drug effects/metabolism ; Time Factors
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    Shark cartilage contains inhibitors of tumor angiogenesis (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-09-16
    Description: Shark cartilage contains a substance that strongly inhibits the growth of new blood vessels toward solid tumors, thereby restricting tumor growth. The abundance of this factor in shark cartilage, in contrast to cartilage from mammalian sources, may make sharks an ideal source of the inhibitor and may help to explain the rarity of neoplasms in these animals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lee, A -- Langer, R -- EY04002/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Sep 16;221(4616):1185-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6193581" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cartilage/*physiology ; Cell Line ; Cornea ; Neoplasms/*blood supply ; *Neovascularization, Pathologic ; Rabbits ; Sharks
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  • 73
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    Turnover, membrane insertion, and degradation of sodium channels in rabbit urinary bladder (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-09-23
    Description: Noise analysis of rabbit bladder revealed two components: Lorentzian noise, arising from interaction of amiloride with the Na+ channel, and flicker noise (l/f, where f is frequency), as in other biological membranes. Hydrostatic pressure, which causes exchange between intracellular vesicular membrane and apical membrane, increases the number but not the single-channel current of the amiloride-sensitive channels. Flicker noise arises from degraded channels that have lost amiloride sensitivity and Na+ to K+ selectivity. The degraded channels were selectively removed by washing the mucosal surface. These results imply channel turnover by intracellular synthesis, transfer from vesicular to apical membrane, degradation, and elimination.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Loo, D D -- Lewis, S A -- Ifshin, M S -- Diamond, J M -- AM17327/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM20851/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- GM14772/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Sep 23;221(4617):1288-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6612343" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amiloride/pharmacology ; Animals ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Cytoplasmic Granules/metabolism ; Epithelium/physiology ; Rabbits ; Sodium/*metabolism ; Urinary Bladder/*metabolism
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    Taste flashes: reaction times, intensity, and quality (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-01-28
    Description: Human simple reaction times and magnitude estimates of taste intensity increased as the duration of 500-millimolar sodium chloride or 2-millimolar saccharin sodium pulses lengthened from 100 to 1000 milliseconds. Responses to "What was the taste?" ranged from 94 to 100 percent "sweet" for saccharin and 68 to 83 percent "salty" for salt across all pulse durations when both substances were randomized with water pulses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kelling, S T -- Halpern, B P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jan 28;219(4583):412-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6849142" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; Saccharin ; Sodium Chloride ; Taste/*physiology ; Time Factors
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    Immune response to hepatitis B surface antigen: enhancement by prior injection of antibodies to the idiotype (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-08-26
    Description: Anti-idiotype reagents that recognize a common idiotype associated with the combining site of antibodies to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) were used to manipulate the immune response to hepatitis B surface antigen in BALB/c mice. The injection of antibodies to the idiotype before antigenic stimulation resulted in an increase in the number of cells secreting immunoglobulin M antibodies to hepatitis B surface antigen. Anti-HBs-secreting cells were also induced by administration of antibodies to the idiotype without subsequent antigen exposure. These findings indicate that the immune response to hepatitis B surface antigen in mice is regulated through an idiotype-anti-idiotype network.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kennedy, R C -- Adler-Storthz, K -- Henkel, R D -- Sanchez, Y -- Melnick, J L -- Dreesman, G R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Aug 26;221(4613):853-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6603657" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic/immunology ; Antibodies, Viral/*biosynthesis ; Hepatitis B Antibodies/*biosynthesis ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/*immunology ; Immunoglobulin G/biosynthesis ; Immunoglobulin Idiotypes/immunology ; Immunoglobulin M/biosynthesis ; Mice ; Spleen/immunology ; Time Factors
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    Vaginal stimulation: an important determinant of maternal bonding in sheep (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-01-07
    Description: The immediate induction of the full complement of maternal behavior in nonpregnant ewes primed with estrogen and progesterone has been obtained after 5 minutes of vaginal-cervical stimulation. A similar period of such stimulation given to recently parturient ewes, after the development of selective bonding to their own lambs, reversed their rejection behavior of alien lambs and produced a state of plasticity in maternal behavior, such that ewes receiving vaginal stimulation would accept and adopt alien lambs. These findings implicate vaginal-cervical stimulation as playing a role in the onset of maternal behavior.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Keverne, E B -- Levy, F -- Poindron, P -- Lindsay, D R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jan 7;219(4580):81-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6849123" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Estradiol/pharmacology ; Female ; *Maternal Behavior ; Pregnancy ; Progesterone/pharmacology ; Sheep/*physiology ; Time Factors ; Vagina/*physiology
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    Pregnancy increases reactivity of mice to phenobarbital (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-04-29
    Description: Compared to nonpregnant controls, pregnant mice injected with phenobarbital had lower concentrations of the drug in the plasma but equivalent concentrations in the brain. In spite of the similar concentrations in the brain, the behavioral response to phenobarbital was greater for pregnant than nonpregnant mice. These results suggest that the concentration of phenobarbital in the plasma, which is commonly used as a basis for adjusting phenobarbital dosage during pregnancy, is not an appropriate indicator of the dynamics of the drug.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Middaugh, L D -- Zemp, J W -- Boggan, W O -- AA03532/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/ -- DA00041/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- DA01750/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 29;220(4596):534-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6836299" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain Chemistry ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Motor Activity/drug effects ; Phenobarbital/analysis/*metabolism/pharmacology ; *Pregnancy/drug effects ; Time Factors
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    Antipyretic potency of centrally administered alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-07-08
    Description: Centrally administered alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone is much more potent in reducing fever than the widely used antipyretic acetaminophen. This finding supports the hypothesis that the endogenous neuropeptide has a role in the limitation of fever and suggests that it may be clinically useful as an antipyretic.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Murphy, M T -- Richards, D B -- Lipton, J M -- NS 10046/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 8;221(4606):192-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6602381" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetaminophen/pharmacology ; Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/*pharmacology ; Body Temperature/drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Fever/drug therapy ; Humans ; Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormones/*pharmacology ; Rabbits
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    Angiogenesis induced by "normal" human breast tissue: a probable marker for precancer (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-10-15
    Description: Normal human breast lobules, freshly isolated by precision microdissection of tissue stained with methylene blue chloride, were assayed for their ability to induce neovascularization (angiogenesis) in rabbit irises. Histologically, normal lobules from cancerous breast induced angiogenesis twice as often as lobules from noncancerous breasts, suggesting that preneoplastic transformation is diffuse.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jensen, H M -- Chen, I -- DeVault, M R -- Lewis, A E -- N01-CB-84316/CB/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 15;218(4569):293-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6181563" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Animals ; Breast/*physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Iris/*blood supply ; Middle Aged ; *Neovascularization, Pathologic ; Precancerous Conditions/*physiopathology ; Rabbits ; Time Factors
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    Stimulation of colonic secretion by lipoxygenase metabolites of arachidonic acid (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-09-24
    Description: Both 5-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid (5-HPETE) and 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (5-HETE) increased the short-circuit current (Isc) in rabbit colonic mucosa mounted in vitro in Ussing chambers. Measurements of chlorine-36 fluxes indicated that the Isc response to 5-HPETE is due to stimulation of active chlorine secretion. 9-, 11-, and 12-HPETE's and leukotrienes C4 and B4 produced either very small increases in Isc or no increase. In contrast to results in rabbit colon, no HPETE, HETE, or leukotriene was effective in rabbit ileal mucosa. The effects of 5-HPETE in the rabbit colon were unaffected by mepacrine, but could be partially blocked by indomethacin. These results suggest that drugs which block both cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase may be effective antidiarrheals in patients with colitis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Musch, M W -- Miller, R J -- Field, M -- Siegel, M I -- AM 21345/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- DA 02121/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 24;217(4566):1255-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6810465" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arachidonic Acids/*pharmacology ; Bicarbonates/metabolism ; Chlorides/metabolism ; Colitis/physiopathology ; Colon/*physiopathology ; Diarrhea/*physiopathology ; *Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acids ; Ileum/physiopathology ; Indomethacin/pharmacology ; *Leukotrienes ; *Lipoxygenase Inhibitors ; Rabbits
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    Virus-induced corticosterone in hypophysectomized mice: a possible lymphoid adrenal axis (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-12-24
    Description: Infection of hypophysectomized mice with Newcastle disease virus caused a time-dependent increase in corticosterone and interferon production. Prior treatment with dexamethasone completely inhibited the virus-induced elevation in corticosterone concentration, but did not significantly alter the interferon response. Lymphocytes appear to be the most likely source of an adrenocorticotropin-like substance that is responsible for the increased corticosterone, since spleen cells from the virus-infected, but not from control or dexamethasone-treated, hypophysectomized mice showed positive immunofluorescence with antibody to adrenocorticotropin-(1-13 amide). Thus the adrenocorticotropin-like material and interferon appear to be coordinately induced the differentially controlled products of different genes. These findings strongly suggest the existence of a lymphoid-adrenal axis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, E M -- Meyer, W J -- Blalock, J E -- AM30046/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- HL20201/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 24;218(4579):1311-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6183748" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenal Glands/*physiology ; Animals ; Corticosterone/*biosynthesis ; Dexamethasone/pharmacology ; *Hypophysectomy ; Interferons/biosynthesis ; Kinetics ; Lymph Nodes/*physiology ; Mice ; Newcastle Disease/*metabolism ; Time Factors
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  • 82
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    Excretion of beta-phenethylamine is elevated in humans after profound stress (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-02-26
    Description: The urinary excretion rate of the endogenous, amphetamine-like substance beta-phenethylamine was markedly elevated in human subjects in association with an initial parachuting experience. The increases were delayed in most subjects and were not correlated with changes in urinary pH or creatinine excretion. The data suggest a stress-related role for beta-phenethylamine.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Paulos, M A -- Tessel, R E -- DA-01614/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- GM-27430/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- RR-05606/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Feb 26;215(4536):1127-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7063846" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; *Aerospace Medicine ; Creatinine/urine ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Phenethylamines/*urine ; Stress, Physiological/*urine ; Time Factors
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  • 83
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    Crypts are the site of intestinal fluid and electrolyte secretion (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-12-17
    Description: The site of adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate-mediated fluid and electrolyte secretion across mammalian large intestine was found to be the crypts of Lieberkuhn by means of two techniques. First, the formation of fluid droplets was visualized on the oil-covered mucosal surface directly over crypt duct openings when secretion was stimulated. Second, microelectrode impalement of individual surface and crypt cells revealed that only crypts cells produced a pattern of secretagogue induced alterations in membrane potential and resistance that was characteristic of secretory epithelia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Welsh, M J -- Smith, P L -- Fromm, M -- Frizzell, R A -- AM-27524/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM-31091/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- HL-07159/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 17;218(4578):1219-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6293054" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amiloride/pharmacology ; Animals ; Chlorides/secretion ; Cyclic AMP/physiology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Intestine, Large/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Prostaglandins E/pharmacology ; Rabbits ; Secretory Rate/drug effects ; Sodium/physiology ; *Water-Electrolyte Balance
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  • 84
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    Transported proteins in the regenerating optic nerve: regulation by interactions with the optic tectum (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-10-14
    Description: The transport of specific proteins in regenerating optic fibers of goldfish depends on the presence or absence of the optic tectum. When optic fibers were allowed to contact the tectum, amounts of rapidly transported proteins having molecular weights between 120,000 and 160,000 increased, and a species of molecular weight 26,000 reverted to normal levels. When nerves were prevented from contacting the tectum, the amount of the 26,000-molecular weight protein remained high for months. Amounts of other transported proteins, in particular a group of acidic components of molecular weight 44,000 to 49,000 that increase greatly at early stages of regeneration, proved to be independent of the tectum.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Benowitz, L I -- Yoon, M G -- Lewis, E R -- R01NS16943/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Oct 14;222(4620):185-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6194562" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Axonal Transport ; Biological Transport ; Cell Communication ; Goldfish ; Isoelectric Point ; Molecular Weight ; *Nerve Regeneration ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/*metabolism ; Superior Colliculi/*physiology ; Time Factors ; Visual Pathways/*physiology
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  • 85
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    Clot-selective coronary thrombolysis with tissue-type plasminogen activator (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-06-10
    Description: Coronary thrombolysis, an intervention that can abort the sequelae of acute myocardial infarction, was accomplished within 10 minutes in dogs by intravenous administration of clot-selective, tissue-type plasminogen activator. In addition to inducing clot lysis, this promising fibrinolytic agent restored intermediary metabolism and nutritional myocardial blood flow, detectable noninvasively with positron tomography, without inducing a systemic fibrinolytic state.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bergmann, S R -- Fox, K A -- Ter-Pogossian, M M -- Sobel, B E -- Collen, D -- HL 17646/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jun 10;220(4602):1181-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6602378" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Coronary Disease/*drug therapy/radionuclide imaging ; Dogs ; Fibrinogen/analysis ; Infusions, Parenteral ; Injections ; Plasminogen Activators/administration & dosage/*therapeutic use ; Streptokinase/administration & dosage/therapeutic use ; Time Factors ; Tomography, Emission-Computed
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  • 86
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    Failure to integrate information from successive fixations (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-10-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jonides, J -- Irwin, D E -- Yantis, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Oct 14;222(4620):188.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6623072" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; Research Design ; Time Factors ; Visual Perception/*physiology
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  • 87
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    Infants' discrimination of the duration of a rapid spectrum change in nonspeech signals (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-10-14
    Description: Two-month-old infants discriminated complex sinusoidal patterns that varied in the duration of their initial frequency transitions. Discrimination of these nonspeech sinusoidal patterns was a function of both the duration of the transitions and the total duration of the stimulus pattern. This contextual effect was observed even though the information specifying stimulus duration occurred after the transitional information. These findings parallel those observed with infants for perception of synthetic speech stimuli. Specialized speech processing capacities are thus not required to account for infants' sensitivity to contextual effects in acoustic signals, whether speech or nonspeech.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jusczyk, P W -- Pisoni, D B -- Reed, M A -- Fernald, A -- Myers, M -- HD-11915/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HD-15795-02/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- MH-24027/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Oct 14;222(4620):175-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6623067" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; *Infant ; Speech Perception/*physiology ; Time Factors
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  • 88
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    Rate of synaptic replacement in denervated rat hippocampus declines precipitously from the juvenile period to adulthood (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-08-05
    Description: Synaptic contacts per unit area in the rat dentate gyrus reach adult numbers by the end of the first month after birth and remain constant thereafter. This experiment demonstrated that the rate at which synapses were replaced by sprouting after a lesion declined dramatically from 35 to 90 days of age. Thus, the juvenile period of the rat's life is marked by a considerable change in neuronal plasticity. This may be related to age-dependent effects in recovery from brain damage.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McWilliams, J R -- Lynch, G -- 5 F32 NS06821/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- AG00538-06/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Aug 5;221(4610):572-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6867730" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aging ; Animals ; Axons/physiology ; Denervation ; Hippocampus/*physiology ; Male ; Nerve Degeneration ; Neuronal Plasticity ; Rats ; Synapses/*physiology ; Time Factors
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  • 89
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    Entamoeba histolytica causes intestinal secretion: role of serotonin (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-08-19
    Description: Lysates of the protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica altered active electrolyte transport when present on the serosal surface of rabbit ileum and rat colon. The lysate-induced effects on electrolyte transport were similar to those caused by serotonin, and were blocked by bufotenine, an analog known to inhibit the action of serotonin. The transport effects were partially inhibited by antibody to serotonin. The amebic lysates were shown to contain serotonin by radioimmunoassay, high-performance liquid chromatography, and thin-layer chromatography. These results suggest that the serotonin present in Entamoeba histolytica may be important in the diarrhea seen in amebiasis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McGowan, K -- Kane, A -- Asarkof, N -- Wicks, J -- Guerina, V -- Kellum, J -- Baron, S -- Gintzler, A R -- Donowitz, M -- AM26523/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Aug 19;221(4612):762-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6308760" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amebiasis/*physiopathology ; Animals ; Biological Transport ; Colon/physiopathology ; Diarrhea/physiopathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Entamoeba histolytica/*physiology ; Entamoebiasis/*physiopathology ; Ileum/physiopathology ; Intestinal Absorption ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Serotonin/*physiology
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  • 90
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    Very brief visual experience eliminates plasticity in the cat visual cortex (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-07-08
    Description: Rearing cats in the dark extends the critical period for development of visual cortical neurons, which indicates that the experience of visual input is necessary to begin the developmental process. A single brief pulse of visual input (6 hours) during a period of dark-rearing eliminates delayed development in the visual cortex. Light therefore seems to rapidly trigger the developmental process, and once triggered, that process runs to completion in the absence of further input.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mower, G D -- Christen, W G -- Caplan, C J -- EY 03335/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- HD 06276/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 8;221(4606):178-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6857278" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Darkness ; *Neuronal Plasticity ; Time Factors ; Vision, Ocular/physiology ; Visual Cortex/growth & development/*physiology
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  • 91
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    A glycolipid antigen associated with Burkitt lymphoma defined by a monoclonal antibody (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-04-29
    Description: The antigen defined by a rat monoclonal antibody directed to a Burkitt lymphoma cell line was identified as globotriaosylceramide [Gal alpha (1 leads to 4)-Gal beta (1 leads to 4)-Glc beta (1 leads to 1)-ceramide]. The antibody demonstrated a strict steric specificity since it did not react with globoisotriaosylceramide [Gal alpha (1 leads to 3)-Gal beta (1 leads to 4)-Glc beta (1 leads to 1)-ceramide], the positional isomer of the antigen associated with the Burkitt lymphoma. Chemical analysis of various Burkitt lymphoma cell lines revealed that the Burkitt lymphoma cells contained more than 100 times as much of the glycolipid antigen as was found in other human lymphoma and leukemia cell lines.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nudelman, E -- Kannagi, R -- Hakomori, S -- Parsons, M -- Lipinski, M -- Wiels, J -- Fellous, M -- Tursz, T -- CA 19224/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 20026/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- GM 23100/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 29;220(4596):509-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6836295" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/*immunology ; Antigens, Neoplasm/*immunology ; Burkitt Lymphoma/*immunology ; Cell Line ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism ; Erythrocytes/immunology ; Globosides/*immunology ; Glycosphingolipids/*immunology ; Humans ; Rabbits ; Rats ; *Trihexosylceramides
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  • 92
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    Visual sustained attention: image degradation produces rapid sensitivity decrement over time (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-04-15
    Description: Perceptual sensitivity to a visual target presented in a random continuous sequence of targets and nontargets decreased rapidly over time when stimuli were highly degraded visually but not when moderately degraded or undegraded. Large declines in sensitivity, independent of changes in response criterion, were found after only 5 minutes of observation. These rapid decrements of sensitivity to degraded targets seem to result from demands on the limited capacity of visual attention.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nuechterlein, K H -- Parasuraman, R -- Jiang, Q -- 784040-29867-5/PHS HHS/ -- MH 30911/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 15;220(4594):327-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6836276" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; *Attention ; Child ; Discrimination (Psychology) ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Memory ; Time Factors ; *Visual Perception
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  • 93
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    Physiological correlates of prolonged sleep deprivation in rats (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-07-08
    Description: The issue of whether sleep is physiologically necessary has been unresolved because experiments that reported deleterious effects of sleep deprivation did not control for the stimuli used to prevent sleep. In this experiment, however, experimental and control rats received the same relatively mild physical stimuli, but stimulus presentations were timed to reduce sleep severely in experimental rats but not in controls. Experimental rats suffered severe pathology and death; control rats did not.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rechtschaffen, A -- Gilliland, M A -- Bergmann, B M -- Winter, J B -- MH-18428/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH-4151/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 8;221(4606):182-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6857280" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenal Glands/pathology ; Animals ; Body Weight ; Electroencephalography ; Male ; Organ Size ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Sleep Deprivation/*physiology ; Time Factors
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  • 94
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    A specific and enduring improvement in visual motion discrimination (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-11-12
    Description: Training improves the ability of human observers to discriminate between two similar directions of motion. This gradual improvement is specific to the direction on which an observer is trained, and it endures for several months. Improvement does not affect motion perception generally, nor does it depend on recognition of details of the movement.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ball, K -- Sekuler, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 12;218(4573):697-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7134968" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Discrimination (Psychology)/*physiology ; Eye Movements ; Humans ; Motion Perception/*physiology ; Neuronal Plasticity ; Time Factors ; Visual Perception/*physiology
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  • 95
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    Experimental hepatic encephalopathy: changes in the binding of gamma-aminobutyric acid (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-04-23
    Description: Two populations of receptors for gamma-aminobutyric acid, one with low- and the other with high-affinity characteristics, are detectable in frozen, thawed, Triton-treated synaptic membrane preparations from normal brain. It is now reported that membrane preparations from rats with mild galactosamine-induced hepatic encephalopathy show an increase in the number of low- and high-affinity gamma-aminobutyric acid binding sites, whereas those from rats with severe encephalopathy show only high-affinity binding sites. Thus, hepatic encephalopathy appears to involve partial degeneration of the gamma-aminobutyric acid-containing presynaptic nerve terminals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Baraldi, M -- Zeneroli, Z L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 23;216(4544):427-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6280279" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bicuculline/metabolism ; Binding, Competitive ; Brain/*metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Galactosamine ; Hepatic Encephalopathy/*metabolism ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*metabolism ; Receptors, GABA-A ; Synaptic Membranes/metabolism ; Time Factors ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/*metabolism
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  • 96
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    Gestational zinc deprivation in mice: persistence of immunodeficiency for three generations (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-10-29
    Description: Pregnant Swiss Webster mice were fed a diet moderately deficient in zinc from day 7 of gestation until parturition. Offspring of these mice showed depressed immune function through 6 months of age. In addition, the second and third filial generations, all of which were fed only the normal control diet, continued to manifest reduced immunocompetence, although not to the same degree as in the first generation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Beach, R S -- Gershwin, M E -- Hurley, L S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 29;218(4571):469-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123244" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibody Formation ; Female ; Immune Tolerance ; Immunoglobulin M/analysis ; Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/*embryology ; Mice ; Pregnancy ; Time Factors ; Zinc/*deficiency
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  • 97
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    Substance P: a putative sensory transmitter in mammalian autonomic ganglia (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-08-20
    Description: Repetitive presynaptic stimulation elicited slow membrane depolarization in neurons of inferior mesenteric ganglia from guinea pigs. This response was not blocked by cholinergic antagonists but was specifically and reversibly inhibited by a substance P analog, (D-Pro2, D-Phe7, D-Trp9)-substance P, which also depressed the depolarization induced by exogenously applied substance P. The atropine-sensitive slow excitatory and slow inhibitory postsynaptic potentials evoked in neurons of rabbit superior cervical ganglia were not affected by the substance P analog. These and previous results provide strong support for the hypothesis that substance P or a closely related peptide is the transmitter mediating the slow depolarization. The latter may represent a sensory input from the gastrointestinal tract to neurons of the prevertebral ganglia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jiang, Z -- Dun, N J -- Karczmar, A G -- NS15848/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- RR05368/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 20;217(4561):739-41.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6179162" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials/drug effects ; Animals ; Atropine/pharmacology ; Digestive System/physiopathology ; Ganglia, Autonomic/*drug effects ; Ganglia, Sympathetic/drug effects ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/pharmacology ; Guinea Pigs ; Membrane Potentials/drug effects ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; Peptides/*pharmacology ; Rabbits ; Substance P/analogs & derivatives/*physiology ; Tubocurarine/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Integrating visual information from successive fixations (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-01-08
    Description: One of the classic problems in perception is how visual information from successive fixations of a scene is integrated to form a coherent view of the scene. The results of this experiment implicate a process that integrates by summing information from successive fixations after spatially reconciling the information from each glimpse. The output of this process is a memory image that preserves the properly reconciled information from successive fixations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jonides, J -- Irwin, D E -- Yantis, S -- IR03 MH36869-01/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 8;215(4529):192-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7053571" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; Memory/physiology ; Models, Biological ; Saccades ; Time Factors ; Visual Perception/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 99
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    Adrenal medullary enkephalin-like peptides may mediate opioid stress analgesia (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-08-06
    Description: Different patterns of fact shock activate opioid and nonopioid mechanisms of stress analgesia in the rat. Opioid, but not nonopioid, stress analgesia is reduced by adrenal demedullation and denervation and is potentiated by reserpine, a drug known to increase concentrations of adrenal medullary enkephalin-like peptides. It is suggested that adrenal enkephalins mediate opioid stress analgesia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewis, J W -- Tordoff, M G -- Sherman, J E -- Liebeskind, J C -- NS07628/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 6;217(4559):557-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089582" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenal Medulla/*physiology ; Analgesia ; Animals ; Electroshock ; Endorphins/*physiology ; Enkephalins/*physiology ; Male ; Morphine/pharmacology ; Naltrexone/pharmacology ; Rats ; Reserpine/pharmacology ; Sodium Chloride/pharmacology ; Stress, Physiological/*physiopathology ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 100
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    Control of vascular contractility by the cardiac pacemaker (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-03-26
    Description: Rhythmic contractile activity, synchronized with pulsatile pressure changes, was recorded from rabbit aorta in vivo. The contractions were locked in frequency to the pulsatile activity of the heart even when the heart was electrically paced to rates as high as 600 cycles per minute; termination of cardiac contractility resulted in their elimination. When the atria and ventricles contracted at different rates, the pulse-synchronized contractions were locked to the atrial rate. Excision of the right atrium, but not the left, resulted in the abolition of pulse-synchronized contractions. It is concluded that common pacemaker controls cardiac and vascular contractility, coordinating events in the two tissues.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mangel, A -- Fahim, M -- van Breemen, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 26;215(4540):1627-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7071582" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aorta/*physiology ; Heart/physiology ; Heart Rate ; Muscle Contraction ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/*physiology ; Myocardial Contraction ; Rabbits ; Sinoatrial Node/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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