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  • 1
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    Evolutionary cell biology [Cell Biology] (2014)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-12-03
    Description: All aspects of biological diversification ultimately trace to evolutionary modifications at the cellular level. This central role of cells frames the basic questions as to how cells work and how cells come to be the way they are. Although these two lines of inquiry lie respectively within the traditional provenance...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 2
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    Increased STAG2 dosage defines a novel cohesinopathy with intellectual disability and behavioral problems (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-12-01
    Description: Next generation genomic technologies have made a significant contribution to the understanding of the genetic architecture of human neurodevelopmental disorders. Copy number variants (CNVs) play an important role in the genetics of intellectual disability (ID). For many CNVs, and copy number gains in particular, the responsible dosage-sensitive gene(s) have been hard to identify. We have collected 18 different interstitial microduplications and 1 microtriplication of Xq25. There were 15 affected individuals from 6 different families and 13 singleton cases, 28 affected males in total. The critical overlapping region involved the STAG2 gene, which codes for a subunit of the cohesin complex that regulates cohesion of sister chromatids and gene transcription. We demonstrate that STAG2 is the dosage-sensitive gene within these CNVs, as gains of STAG2 mRNA and protein dysregulate disease-relevant neuronal gene networks in cells derived from affected individuals. We also show that STAG2 gains result in increased expression of OPHN1 , a known X-chromosome ID gene. Overall, we define a novel cohesinopathy due to copy number gain of Xq25 and STAG2 in particular.
    Print ISSN: 0964-6906
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2083
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 3
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    Geology of the Snap Lake kimberlite intrusion, Northwest Territories, Canada: field observations and their interpretation (2012)
    Geological Society of London
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-01-03
    Description: The Cambrian (523 Ma) Snap Lake hypabyssal kimberlite intrusion, Northwest Territories, Canada, is a complex segmented diamond-bearing ore-body. Detailed geological investigations suggest that the kimberlite is a multi-phase intrusion with at least four magmatic lithofacies. In particular, olivine-rich (ORK) and olivine-poor (OPK) varieties of hypabyssal kimberlite have been identified. Key observations are that the olivine-rich lithofacies has a strong tendency to be located where the intrusion is thickest and that there is a good correlation between intrusion thickness, olivine crystal size and crystal content. Heterogeneities in the lithofacies are attributed to variations in intrusion thickness and structural complexities. The geometry and distribution of lithofacies points to magmatic co-intrusion, and flow segregation driven by fundamental rheological differences between the two phases. We envisage that the low-viscosity OPK magma acted as a lubricant for the highly viscous ORK magma. The presence of such low-viscosity, crystal-poor magmas may explain how crystal-laden kimberlite magmas (〉60 vol.%) are able to reach the surface during kimberlite eruptions. We also document the absence of crystal settling and the development of an unusual subvertical fabric of elongate olivine crystals, which are explained by rapid degassing-induced quench crystallization of the magmas during and after intrusion. Supplementary material: Additional figures are available at http://www.geolsoc.org.uk/SUP18503 .
    Print ISSN: 0016-7649
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society of London
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  • 4
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    Managed retreat through voluntary buyouts of flood-prone properties (2019)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: 〈p〉Retreat from some areas will become unavoidable under intensifying climate change. Existing deployments of managed retreat are at small scale compared to potential future needs, leaving open questions about where, when, and how retreat under climate change will occur. Here, we analyze more than 40,000 voluntary buyouts of flood-prone properties in the United States, in which homeowners sell properties to the government and the land is restored to open space. In contrast to model-based evaluation of potential future retreat, local governments in counties with higher population and income are more likely to administer buyouts. The bought-out properties themselves, however, are concentrated in areas of greater social vulnerability within these counties, pointing to the importance of assessing the equity of buyout implementation and outcomes. These patterns demonstrate the challenges associated with locally driven implementation of managed retreat and the potential benefits of experimentation with different approaches to retreat.〈/p〉
    Electronic ISSN: 2375-2548
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Association of Neonicotinoid Insensitivity with a Conserved Residue in the Loop D Binding Region of the Tick Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor (2012)
    American Chemical Society (ACS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-06-02
    Description: Biochemistry DOI: 10.1021/bi300522s
    Print ISSN: 0006-2960
    Electronic ISSN: 1520-4995
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by American Chemical Society (ACS)
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  • 6
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    Repair of adult rat corticospinal tract by transplants of olfactory ensheathing cells (1997)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-09-26
    Description: The upper cervical corticospinal tract was transected on one side in adult rats. A suspension of ensheathing cells cultured from adult rat olfactory bulb was injected into the lesion site. This induced unbranched, elongative growth of the cut corticospinal axons. The axons grew through the transplant and continued to regenerate into the denervated caudal host tract. Rats with complete transections and no transplanted cells did not use the forepaw on the lesioned side for directed reaching. Rats in which the transplanted cells had formed a continuous bridge across the lesion exhibited directed forepaw reaching on the lesioned side.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Li, Y -- Field, P M -- Raisman, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1997 Sep 26;277(5334):2000-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉The Norman and Sadie Lee Research Centre, Division of Neurobiology, National Institute for Medical Research, Medical Research Council, London NW7 1AA, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9302296" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Axons/*physiology/ultrastructure ; Brain Tissue Transplantation ; Cell Transplantation ; Cells, Cultured ; Denervation ; Female ; Microscopy, Electron ; Myelin Sheath/physiology ; *Nerve Regeneration ; Neuroglia/physiology/*transplantation/ultrastructure ; Olfactory Bulb/*cytology ; Olfactory Nerve/*cytology ; Rats ; Spinal Cord/*physiology ; Spinal Cord Injuries/*surgery
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    Island outlook: warm and swampy (2014)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-09-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hubbard, Dennis -- Gischler, Eberhard -- Davies, Peter -- Montaggioni, Lucien -- Camoin, Gilbert -- Dullo, Wolf-Christian -- Storlazzi, Curt -- Field, Michael -- Fletcher, Charles -- Grossman, Eric -- Sheppard, Charles -- Lescinsky, Halard -- Fenner, Douglas -- McManus, John -- Scheffers, Sander -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Sep 19;345(6203):1461. doi: 10.1126/science.345.6203.1461-a. Epub 2014 Sep 18.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Geology, Oberlin College, Oberlin, OH 44074, USA. dennis.hubbard@oberlin.edu. ; Institut fuer Geowissenschaften, Goethe-Universitaet, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. ; School of Geoscience, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. ; Aix-Marseille University, CEREGE, UMR 7330 CNRS, Centre Saint-Charles, 13331, Marseille, France. ; Aix-Marseille University, CEREGE, UMR 7330 CNRS, F-13545, Aix-en-Provence, France. ; FB1 Ozeanzirkulation und Klimadynamik, GEOMAR, Helmholtz-Zentrum fur Ozeanforschung Kiel, 24148, Kiel, Germany. ; U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA. ; School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA. ; U.S. Geological Survey, Western Fisheries Research Center, Seattle, WA 98115, USA. ; School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK. ; Department of Biology and Earth Sciences, Otterbein University, Westerville, OH 43081, USA. ; Ocean Associates, Pago Pago, AS 96799, USA. ; National Center for Coral Reef Research, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33149, USA. ; School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25237093" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Global Warming ; *Islands
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 8
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    Frequent mutation of histone-modifying genes in non-Hodgkin lymphoma (2011)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-07-29
    Description: Follicular lymphoma (FL) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) are the two most common non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs). Here we sequenced tumour and matched normal DNA from 13 DLBCL cases and one FL case to identify genes with mutations in B-cell NHL. We analysed RNA-seq data from these and another 113 NHLs to identify genes with candidate mutations, and then re-sequenced tumour and matched normal DNA from these cases to confirm 109 genes with multiple somatic mutations. Genes with roles in histone modification were frequent targets of somatic mutation. For example, 32% of DLBCL and 89% of FL cases had somatic mutations in MLL2, which encodes a histone methyltransferase, and 11.4% and 13.4% of DLBCL and FL cases, respectively, had mutations in MEF2B, a calcium-regulated gene that cooperates with CREBBP and EP300 in acetylating histones. Our analysis suggests a previously unappreciated disruption of chromatin biology in lymphomagenesis.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3210554/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3210554/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Morin, Ryan D -- Mendez-Lago, Maria -- Mungall, Andrew J -- Goya, Rodrigo -- Mungall, Karen L -- Corbett, Richard D -- Johnson, Nathalie A -- Severson, Tesa M -- Chiu, Readman -- Field, Matthew -- Jackman, Shaun -- Krzywinski, Martin -- Scott, David W -- Trinh, Diane L -- Tamura-Wells, Jessica -- Li, Sa -- Firme, Marlo R -- Rogic, Sanja -- Griffith, Malachi -- Chan, Susanna -- Yakovenko, Oleksandr -- Meyer, Irmtraud M -- Zhao, Eric Y -- Smailus, Duane -- Moksa, Michelle -- Chittaranjan, Suganthi -- Rimsza, Lisa -- Brooks-Wilson, Angela -- Spinelli, John J -- Ben-Neriah, Susana -- Meissner, Barbara -- Woolcock, Bruce -- Boyle, Merrill -- McDonald, Helen -- Tam, Angela -- Zhao, Yongjun -- Delaney, Allen -- Zeng, Thomas -- Tse, Kane -- Butterfield, Yaron -- Birol, Inanc -- Holt, Rob -- Schein, Jacqueline -- Horsman, Douglas E -- Moore, Richard -- Jones, Steven J M -- Connors, Joseph M -- Hirst, Martin -- Gascoyne, Randy D -- Marra, Marco A -- 1U01CA114778/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- HHSN261200800001E/PHS HHS/ -- P50CA130805-01/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- TGT-53912/Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada -- U24 CA143866/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- U24 CA143866-01/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- U24 CA143866-02/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- U24 CA143866-03/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2011 Jul 27;476(7360):298-303. doi: 10.1038/nature10351.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21796119" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chromatin/genetics/metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Genome, Human/genetics ; Histone Acetyltransferases/genetics/metabolism ; Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase/genetics/metabolism ; Histones/*metabolism ; Humans ; Loss of Heterozygosity/genetics ; Lymphoma, Follicular/enzymology/genetics ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/enzymology/genetics ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/enzymology/*genetics ; MADS Domain Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; MEF2 Transcription Factors ; Mutation/*genetics ; Myogenic Regulatory Factors/genetics/metabolism ; Neoplasm Proteins/genetics/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 9
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    Spatial organization of cytokinesis signaling reconstituted in a cell-free system (2014)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-10-11
    Description: During animal cell division, the cleavage furrow is positioned by microtubules that signal to the actin cortex at the cell midplane. We developed a cell-free system to recapitulate cytokinesis signaling using cytoplasmic extract from Xenopus eggs. Microtubules grew out as asters from artificial centrosomes and met to organize antiparallel overlap zones. These zones blocked the interpenetration of neighboring asters and recruited cytokinesis midzone proteins, including the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC) and centralspindlin. The CPC was transported to overlap zones, which required two motor proteins, Kif4A and a Kif20A paralog. Using supported lipid bilayers to mimic the plasma membrane, we observed the recruitment of cleavage furrow markers, including an active RhoA reporter, at microtubule overlaps. This system opens further approaches to understanding the biophysics of cytokinesis signaling.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4281018/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4281018/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nguyen, Phuong A -- Groen, Aaron C -- Loose, Martin -- Ishihara, Keisuke -- Wuhr, Martin -- Field, Christine M -- Mitchison, Timothy J -- GM103785/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM39565/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM039565/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM103785/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Oct 10;346(6206):244-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1256773.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA. ; Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. ; Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA. Christine_Field@hms.harvard.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25301629" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Membrane/chemistry/*physiology ; *Cell-Free System ; Centrosome/physiology ; *Cytokinesis ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Guanosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Kinesin/genetics/metabolism ; Lipid Bilayers ; Microtubules/physiology ; Models, Biological ; Nuclear Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; *Signal Transduction ; Xenopus laevis ; rhoA GTP-Binding Protein/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 10
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    A persistent marine microbial seed bank [Ecology] (2013)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-03-20
    Description: Do bacterial taxa demonstrate clear endemism, like macroorganisms, or can one site’s bacterial community recapture the total phylogenetic diversity of the world’s oceans? Here we compare a deep bacterial community characterization from one site in the English Channel (L4-DeepSeq) with 356 datasets from the International Census of Marine Microbes (ICoMM)...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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