ALBERT

All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

X
feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • Drosophila  (147)
  • Springer  (147)
  • International Union of Crystallography
  • 2005-2009
  • 2000-2004  (31)
  • 1980-1984  (116)
  • 1925-1929
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
Years
Year
  • 101
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A reexamination of the negative assortative mating phenomenon and its underlying mechanism inDrosophila melanogaster (1984)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 14 (1984), S. 45-61 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: assortative mating ; polymorphism ; partner selection ; pheromone ; behavior ; Drosophila
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Averhoff and Richardson [(1974)Behav. Genet. 4:207–225] reported a trend toward negative assortative mating inDrosophila melanogaster during the course of inbreeding. These authors proposed that the underlying mechanism was based on pheromone polymorphism and male selection. Mass mating experiments were carried out to verify their hypothesis, detailed behavior observations were made to identify the underlying mechanism, and sex pheromone composition and variation were examined by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. The results showed that negative assortative mating is not a general phenomenon. Although male pheromones are probably polymorphic, female pheromones are not. We found no evidence for male selection as predicted by Averhoff and Richardson. It is argued that the most parsimonious mechanism underlying negative assortative mating is similar to one proposed by Bryant [(1979)Behav. Genet. 9:249–256], which was based on interstrain differences in female reluctancy and male vigor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01066068
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 102
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The analysis of mating behavior data (1984)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 14 (1984), S. 153-156 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: mating behavior ; statistical analysis ; Drosophila
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Quite different sets of data are shown to generate identical output ratios so that analyses of mating behavior data based on the use of input and output ratios may obscure significant aspects of the mating behavior.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01076411
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 103
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Learning in three species of diptera: The blow flyPhormia regina, the fruit flyDrosophila melanogaster, and the house flyMusca domestica (1984)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 14 (1984), S. 479-526 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: Drosophila ; learning ; conditioning
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01065445
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 104
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of disruptive selection on genetic variance (1983)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 65 (1983), S. 173-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Disruptive selection ; Linkage disequilibrium ; Genetic variance ; Drosophila
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Theoretical predictions of changes in variance with disruptive selection have used models of infinitely many genes so the increase in variance was necessarily due to linkage disequilibrium. With small numbers of loci, the disequilibrium is shown still to comprise the major part of the changes in variance. In a replicated experiment with Drosophila melanogaster, disruptive selection was practised for three generations, and this was followed by 5 or 7 generations of random mating. The heritability, as estimated from regression of progeny on parent, rose from 37% to 68% on selection, and subsequently declined to 45% on random mating. Changes of variance can be interpreted invoking the build up of linkage disequilibrium during selection followed by its breakdown upon relaxation. The results agree well with those obtained from Monte Carlo simulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00264888
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 105
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Latitudinal variation in octanol dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase allele frequencies in Drosophila melanogaster (1983)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 65 (1983), S. 191-196 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Drosophila ; Enzyme polymorphisms ; Latitudinal clines
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The octanol dehydrogenase (Odh) and acid phosphatase (Acph) loci of Drosophila melanogaster are each polymorphic for two electrophoretically detectable alleles. The frequencies of the Odh and Acph alleles have been analysed in populations sampled from up to a 40 ° latitudinal range in each of Australasia, North America and Europe/Asia. Odh S frequency is found to be significantly negatively associated with distance from the equator in all three zones. The relationship of Acph S frequency to distance from the equator is significant and negative in Australasia but neither significant nor consistent in sign in North America and Europe/Asia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00308064
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 106
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Underreplication during polytenization? (1982)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 63 (1982), S. 193-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Drosophila ; Polytene nuclei ; Underreplication ; Polytenization ; Cytophotometry ; Heterochromatin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Recent cytophotometric DNA determinations and results of labeling experiments are compared with results of biochemical experiments concerning larval polytene salivary gland nuclei of Drosophila melanogaster. Recent publications (Dennhöfer 1981; 1982 a, b) demonstrate that methodological errors both in hydrolysis of the DNA before Feulgen reaction and in interpretation of the cytophotometric values give raise to the hypothesis of heterochromatic underreplication during polytenization. It is concluded also that methodological difficulties cause the absence of polytene SAT-DNA in biochemical centrifugation experiments since, because of different solubilities of eu- and heterochromatic DNA, the latter is not resolved in DNA isolation procedures from polytene nuclei.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00303991
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 107
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adaptive strategies in natural populations of Drosophila (1980)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 57 (1980), S. 257-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Drosophila ; Ethanol ; Climatic races ; Desiccation ; Development times
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Adult tolerance of ethanol vapour in a closed system containing 12% ethanol in solution, decreases in a cline from southern to northern Australia. However a Darwin population is more tolerant than predicted from its latitude. Ethanol tolerance races in Australia have almost certainly evolved within the last 100–150 years, because of resource unavailability prior to that time. Within populations, variation among isofemale strains is lowest in the climatically extreme southern Melbourne (37°S) and northern Darwin and Melville I. (11–12°S) populations. This suggests low resource diversity within extreme populations compared with the climatically less extreme Brisbane (28°S) and especially Townsville (19°S) populations. For desiccation resistance, the population rankings are: Darwin Melbourne 〉 Townsville 〉 Brisbane Melville I. and for development time, rankings are similar: Darwin Melbourne 〈 Townsville 〈 Brisbane Melville I. Therefore resource utilization heterogeneity is greatest in populations not greatly stressed by desiccation and where development times are extended. In total therefore, the utilization of a diversity of resources is a feature of populations tending somewhat towards a K-strategy; this is emphasized by the relative heterogeneity among isofemale strains of these populations for desiccation resistance and to a lesser extent development times. The D. melanogaster gene pool can be viewed as made up of climate-associated races. Since the ethanol tolerances of adjacent (and climatically similar) Darwin and Melville I. are very different, resource utilization races may occur within climatic races. Such a mosaic of resource utilization races are more likely in climatically extreme than in optimal habitats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00264952
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 108
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic sexing in Drosophila melanogaster using the alcohol dehydrogenase locus and a Y-linked translocation (1981)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 59 (1981), S. 23-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Genetic sexing ; Alcohol dehydrogenase ; Drosophila
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary By incorporating ethanol (4% v/v) into the larval rearing medium of a specially constructed Drosophila melanogaster strain it was possible to produce only male adults; the female larvae died. In this strain, the male determining chromosome was linked with a positive Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) allele by a translocation. The females were homozygous for the null allele and hence sensitive to ethanol. This genetic sexing method is discussed in relation to its use in the genetic control of insects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00275770
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 109
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mutant fs(1) 1163 of Drosophila melanogaster alters yolk protein secretion from the fat body (1980)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 180 (1980), S. 411-418 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Drosophila ; Vitellogenin ; Female-sterile mutant ; Protein processing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The mutant fs(1) 1163 of Drosophila melanogaster, which was isolated by Gans et al. (1975) is a recessive homozygous female sterile at 18°C and a dominant female — sterile at 29°C. We reported previously that there are reduced quantities of the largest of the three yolk polypeptides in Drosophila melanogaster in the haemolymph and eggs of this mutant at 29°C (Bownes and Hames 1978 a). In this paper we show that the yolk protein defect maps within approximately 2.5 recombination units of the female sterility at 21±2.5 map units on the X-chromosome. The temperature-sensitive period of the yolk protein defect is after emergence. In vitro labelling of fs(1) 1163 ovaries and fat bodies showed that they were able to synthesise yolk polypeptide 1. Interestingly, studies on the proteins present in the various tissues indicate that the fat body tends to accumulate all three yolk polypeptides in the mutant. This phenotype is partially co-dominant in that an effect is seen in heterozygotes as well as homozygotes and is enhanced by increased temperature. This mutant could therefore have a defect (a) in the structural gene for yolk polypeptide 1, (b) in the processing and secretion enzyme systems; (c) in the fat body or all tissues leading to altered secretion properties. Mutants like fs(1) 1163 which alter specific steps in vitellogenesis should be of value for analysing the genetic and biochemical control of the synthesis, transport and sequestering of the yolk polypeptides during oogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00425856
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 110
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification ofDrosophila mutant with memory defects after acquisition of conditioned reflex suppression of courtship (2000)
    Springer
    Neuroscience and behavioral physiology 30 (2000), S. 307-313 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-899X
    Keywords: Memory ; suppression of courting ; Drosophila ; mutants ; P insertion mutagenesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Four lines were selected from a collection of 33 lines prepared by P insertion mutagenesis using a single-copy P-element system; the males of these four lines showed memory defects after acquisition of conditioned reflex suppression of courting. In two lines (P171 and P95), the dynamics of retention of the conditioned reflex in the repeated impregnated-female courting test were similar to those of known short-term memory mutantsdnc andrut. In line P153, the dynamics were more reminiscent of the memory dynamics in a known medium-term memory mutant,amn. In line P124, the learning index was insignificant immediately after training was completed, which may indicate that this line was unable to acquire conditioned reflex suppression of courting. Determination of the positions of the P elements (P171: 48A-B; P153: 49B-C; P124; 67B–68A; P95: 77C-D) showed no correspondence with previously known mutations producing memory lesions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02471783
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 111
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Parental Imprinting in Drosophila (2000)
    Springer
    Genetica 109 (2000), S. 35-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6857
    Keywords: Drosophila ; heterochromatin ; imprinting ; parental effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Genetic imprinting is a form of epigenetic silencing. But with a twist. The twist is that while imprinting results in the silencing of genes, chromosome regions or entire chromosome sets, this silencing occurs only after transmission of the imprinted region by one sex of parent. Thus genetic imprinting reflects intertwined levels of epigenetic and developmental modulation of gene expression. Imprinting has been well documented and studied in Drosophila, however, these studies have remained largely unknown due to nothing more significant than differences in terminology. Imprinting in Drosophilais invariably associated with heterochromatin or regions with unusual chromatin structure. The imprint appears to spread from imprinted centers that reside within heterochromatin and these are, seemingly, the only regions that are normally imprinted in Drosophila. This is significant as it implies that while imprinting occurs in Drosophila, it is generally without phenotypic consequence. Hence the evolution of imprinting, at least in Drosophila, is unlikely to be driven by the function of specific imprinted genes. Thus, the study of imprinting in Drosophilahas the potential to illuminate the mechanism and biological function of imprinting, and challenge models based solely on imprinting of mammalian genes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026592318341
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 112
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Searching for a Common Centromeric Structural Motif: Drosophila Centromeric Satellite DNAs Show Propensity to form Telomeric-Like Unusual DNA Structures (2000)
    Springer
    Genetica 109 (2000), S. 71-75 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6857
    Keywords: centromere ; heterochromatin ; non B-DNA structures ; Drosophila
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The molecular basis of centromere formation in a particular chromosomal region is not yet understood. In higher eukaryotes, no specific DNA sequence is required for the assembly of the kinetochore, but similar centromeric chromatins are formed on different centromere DNA sequences. Although epigenesis has been proposed as the main mechanism for centromere specification, DNA recognition must also play a role. Through the analysis of Drosophilacentromeric DNA sequences, we found that dodeca satellite and 18HT satellite are able to form unusual DNA structures similar to those formed by telomeric sequences. These findings suggest the existence of a common centromeric structural DNA motif which we feel merits further investigation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026546510127
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 113
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic and biochemical analysis of brown eye mutation in Drosophila nasuta nasuta and Drosophila nasuta albomicans (2000)
    Springer
    Genetica 109 (2000), S. 235-243 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6857
    Keywords: Drosophila ; brown eye ; eye pigments ; fitness ; gene localization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract By analyzing the progeny of crosses involving brown eye mutants and the wild types in two members of Drosophila nasuta subgroup namely D. n. nasuta and D. n. albomicans we could show that the mutant gene is recessive, located in the chromosome 2 and the alleles of this gene are present at different loci. A study of fitness in the eye color mutants in comparison with the wild types revealed that D. n. nasuta mutant has higher viability at both 25 ± 1°C and ambient temperatures; while D. n. albomicans mutant has faster rate of development only at 25 ± 1°C. Quantitative analysis of eye pigments in the mutants revealed that there is biosynthesis of both pteridines and xanthommatins unlike in bw/bw of D. melanogaster, where only xanthommatins are synthesized. In both the species, the pteridine quantities in mutants are similar; whereas xanthommatin quantity in $$\user1{bw}_n \user1{/bw}_n$$ is 10 times higher than that of $$\user1{bw}_a \user1{/bw}_a$$ . Further, the F1 progeny of intraspecific crosses (wild type X mutant) are found to have high amounts of pteridine, even when compared with parental wild type.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1017505400086
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 114
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dnop56, a Drosophila gene homologous to the yeast nucleolar NOP56 gene (2000)
    Springer
    Genetica 109 (2000), S. 275-282 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6857
    Keywords: DmNop56 ; DsNop56 ; Drosophila ; molecular evolution ; snoRNPs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are trans‐acting factors involved in maturation of rRNA and have been classified into Box C/D and Box H/ACA families. Most of the snoRNAs occur as ribonucleoprotein complexes with snoRNA‐associated proteins (snoRNPs). All Box C/D snoRNAs in yeast form complexes with Nop1p, Nop56p and Nop58p. Similarly, it has been reported that Box H/ACA‐containing snoRNAs form complexes with yeast Gar1p. Nop56p and Nop58p homologs have been described in several species. Here we report the isolation and molecular characterization of the Dnop56 genes from D. melanogaster and D. subobscura which show a very similar structure. Drosophila Nop56p proteins contain lysine‐rich regions at their carboxy‐terminus, and show a high degree of similarity to other Nop56p proteins from different organisms. Phylogenetic relationships among these proteins and other snoRNPs have been established.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1017596312331
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 115
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calmodulin-dependent and -independent apoptosis in cells of a Drosophila neuronal cell line (2000)
    Springer
    Apoptosis 5 (2000), S. 133-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-675X
    Keywords: Apoptosis ; calmodulin ; caspases ; cell line ; Drosophila ; neuron
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This study was undertaken to reveal apoptotic pathways in neurons using a Drosophila neuronal cell line derived from larval central nervous system. We could induce apoptotic cell death in the cells by a Ca2+ ionophore (A23187), a protein kinase inhibitor (H-7), an RNA synthesis inhibitor (actinomycin D) and a protein synthesis inhibitor (cycloheximide). All the apoptosis induced by each chemical required Ca2+ ions, although the origin of Ca2+ ions were different: apoptosis induced by A23187 was dependent on extracellular Ca2+ ions whereas those by the other three chemicals utilized intracellular Ca2+ ions. Furthermore, different reactions to W-7, a calmodulin inhibitor, were found: W-7 prevented the cell death by each of the three chemicals but not by A23187. Based on the results, we proposed that the apoptotic pathways are classified into two types in individual cells. One pathway induced by H-7, actinomycin D or cycloheximide is calmodulin-dependent (pathway H), and another induced by A23187 is calmodulin-independent (pathway A).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009676528805
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 116
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An episode of accelerated amino acid change in Drosophila esterase-6 associated with a change in physiological function (2000)
    Springer
    Genetica 110 (2000), S. 231-244 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6857
    Keywords: Drosophila ; , esterase-6 ; function ; sequence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In most lineages of the subgenus Sophophora esterase-6 is a homodimeric haemolymph protein. In the melanogaster subgroup of species it has become a monomer which is mainly expressed in the male sperm ejaculatory duct. Our analyses of esterase-6 sequences from three melanogaster subgroup species and two close relatives reveal a brief period of accelerated amino acid sequence change during the transition between the ancestral and derived states. In this period of 2–6Myr the ratio of replacement to silent site substitutions (0.51) is about three times higher than the values in other lineages of the phylogeny. There are about 50 more replacements in this period than would be predicted from the ratios of replacement to silent site substitutions found elsewhere in the phylogeny. Modelling on the known structure of a related acetylcholinesterase suggests that an unusually high proportion of the replacements in the transitional branch are non-conservative changes on the protein surface. Up to half the accelerated replacement rate can be accounted for by clusters of changes to the face of the molecule containing the opening of the active site gorge. This includes changes in and around regions homologous to peripheral substrate binding sites in acetylcholinesterase. There are also three changes in glycosylation status. One region predicted to lie on the protein surface which becomes markedly more hydrophilic is proposed to be the ancestral dimerisation site that is lost in the transitional branch.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1012727814167
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 117
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Impact of Multiple Insertions of two Retroelements, ZAM and Idefix at an Euchromatic Locus (2000)
    Springer
    Genetica 109 (2000), S. 53-59 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6857
    Keywords: chromatin structure ; Drosophila ; mutagenic effect ; retroelements ; white
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Transposable elements represent a large fraction of eukaryotic genomes and they are thought to play an important role in chromatin structure. ZAMand Idefixare two LTR-retrotransposons from Drosophila melanogastervery similar in structure to vertebrate retroviruses. In all the strains where their distribution has been studied, ZAMappears to be present exclusively in the intercalary heterochromatin while Idefixcopies are mainly found in the centromeric heterochromatin with very few copies in euchromatin. Their distribution varies in a specific strain called RevI in which the mobilization of ZAMand Idefixis highly induced. In this strain, 15 copies of ZAMand 30 copies of Idefixare found on the chromosomal arms in addition to their usual distribution. Amongst the loci where new copies are detected, a hotspot for their insertion has been detected at the whitelocus where up to four elements occurred within a 3-kb fragment at the 5′ end of this gene. This property of ZAMand Idefixto accumulate at a defined site provides an interesting paradigm to bring insight into the effect exerted by multiple insertions of transposable elements at an euchromatic locus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026534207401
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 118
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variations of male cuticular hydrocarbons with geoclimatic variables: an adaptative mechanism in Drosophila melanogaster? (2000)
    Springer
    Genetica 110 (2000), S. 117-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6857
    Keywords: adaptation ; Drosophila ; hydrocarbons ; latitude ; longitude ; natural populations ; polymorphism ; temperaturey ; vapour pressure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract 7-tricosene (7T) and 7-pentacosene (7P) are the major components of cuticular hydrocarbons in Drosophila simulans and D. melanogaster males. A chemical study of 16 isofemale lines of D. melanogaster sampled at the first and eighth generations in laboratory conditions showed the stability of chromatographical profiles. Then a large scale study of male 7T/7P polymorphism was performed with 85 populations of D. melanogaster and 29 of D. simulans collected all over the world. There were significant correlations of the values of the balanced ratio (7T − 7P)/(7T + 7P) with geo-climatic parameters, such as latitude, longitude, mean temperature, temperature range and vapour pressure. Parallel variations were also reported for the homologous linear alkanes (23 and 25 Carbon atoms) but not for the longer branched alkanes (27 and 29 Carbon atoms). No correlation was significant for the D. simulans populations studied. In this species a similar polymorphism of 7T/7P was found but restricted to a few populations from West Equatorial Africa.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1017987220814
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 119
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic variance in temperature dependent adult size deriving from physiological genetic variation at temperature boundaries (2000)
    Springer
    Genetica 110 (2000), S. 195-207 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6857
    Keywords: biophysics ; body size ; Drosophila ; ectotherm ; genetic variance ; stress ; temperature extreme
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract An increase in genetic variation in body size has often been observed under stress; an increase in dominance variance and interaction variance as well as in additive genetic variance has been reported. The increase in genetic variation must be caused by physiological mechanisms that are specific to adverse environments. A model is proposed to explain the occurrence of an increase in genetic variation in body size in Drosophila at extreme temperatures. The model has parameters specific to the low- and high-temperature regions of the viable range. Additive genetic variation in the boundary temperatures leads to a marked increase in additive genetic variation in development rate and body size at extreme temperatures. Additive genetic variation in the temperature sensitivity in the low- and high-temperature regions adds non-additive genetic variation. Development rate shows patterns in additive genetic variation that differ from the patterns of genetic variation in body size; therefore, the genetic correlation between development rate and body size changes sign repeatedly as a function of temperature. The existence of dominance in the genetic variation in the boundary temperatures or in the low- and high-temperature sensitivities leads to a higher total genetic variance due to higher dominance and interaction variance, for both development rate and body size.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1017974618477
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 120
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic variation for anemotaxis (wind-directed movement) in laboratory and wild-caught populations ofDrosophilia (1982)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 12 (1982), S. 281-293 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: anemotaxis ; Drosophila ; habitat selection ; heritability ; wind-directed movement
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Two strains ofDrosophila melanogaster were selected for anemotactic response for six generations—one line for upwind response and one line for downwind response. A realized heritability estimate ofh 2=0.131 ±0.029 was obtained for the upwind response, and a realized heritability estimate ofh 2=0.012±0.014 was obtained for the downwind response. The divergent selection estimate wash 2=0.031±0.013. These values are consistent with previously reported heritability estimates for phototaxis and geotaxis, and serve to suggest that wind-oriented movement can be rapidly modified by selection under different habitat conditions. A comparison of wind response among wild-caught individuals of 11 species shows significant response differences between closely related species. Evaluation of these differences in light of the ecology of the flies suggests that upwind movement occurs among the monophagous species, which must move long distances to find their specific feeding sites, while downwind movement is more typical of polyphagous species. Species which are found in riparian or montane forest conditions showed a general reluctance to move under windy conditions. This corresponds to previous observations on these species and reflects the absence of wind generally encountered by these species during their natural periods of activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01067848
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 121
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationship between ADH activity and behavioral response to environmental alcohol inDrosophila (1980)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 10 (1980), S. 237-249 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: Drosophila ; behavior ; ADH activity ; adaptation ; evolution ; alcohol avoidance ; Adh genotypes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Three alcohol dehydrogenase genotypes, homozygous for either the electrophoretically fast, slow, or null allele at theAdh locus inD. melanogaster, were tested for relative larval alcohol preference behavior (APB) over a range of ethanol concentrations. Differences in behavior between genotypes were not significant at concentrations below 10%. At concentrations greater than 10%, avoidance behavior was negatively correlated with the relative ADH activity levels of the genotypes tested. A model based on the differential buildup of toxic acetaldehyde is proposed to explain the avoidance response.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01067770
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 122
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sexual isolation among isofemale strains within a population ofDrosophila immigrans (1981)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 11 (1981), S. 127-133 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: sexual isolation ; Drosophila ; isofemale strains ; isolation index ; mating propensity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Eight isofemale strains of the cosmopolitan speciesDrosophila immigrans derived from a single location in Melbourne, Australia, were crossed in all combinations to test for sexual isolation. Statistically significant sexual isolation occurred in 12 of 28 crosses, with one strain showing significant isolation from the other seven. There were significantly unequal male mating propensities (relative rates of mating) in 7 of the 28 crosses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01065623
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 123
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distinct requirements for the AP-3 adaptor complex in pigment granule and synaptic vesicle biogenesis in Drosophila melanogaster (2000)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 263 (2000), S. 1003-1014 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Key words AP-3 ; Biogenesis ; Pigment granule ; Synaptic vesicle ; Drosophila
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The AP-3 adaptor protein complex has been implicated in the biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles, such as pigment granules/melanosomes, and synaptic vesicles. Here we compare the relative importance of AP-3 in the biogenesis of these organelles in Drosophila melanogaster. We report that the Drosophila pigmentation mutants orange and ruby carry genetic lesions in the σ3 and β3-adaptin subunits of the AP-3 complex, respectively. Electron microscopy reveals dramatic reductions in the numbers of electron-dense pigment granules in the eyes of these AP-3 mutants. Mutant flies also display greatly reduced levels of pigments housed in these granules. In contrast, electron microscopy of retinula cells reveals numerous synaptic vesicles in both AP-3 mutant and wild-type flies, while behavioral assays show apparently normal locomotor ability of AP-3 mutant larvae. Together, these results demonstrate that Drosophila AP-3 is critical for the biogenesis of pigment granules, but is apparently not essential for formation of a major population of synaptic vesicles in vivo.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00008688
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 124
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Control of Telomere Elongation and Telomeric Silencing in Drosophila Melanogaster (2000)
    Springer
    Genetica 109 (2000), S. 61-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6857
    Keywords: Drosophila ; heterochromatin ; telomere ; transcription ; transposition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Chromosome length in Drosophilais maintained by the targeted transposition of two families of non-LTR retrotransposons, HeT-Aand TART. Although the rate of transposition to telomeres is sufficient to counterbalance loss from the chromosome ends due to incomplete DNA replication, transposition as a mechanism for elongating chromosome ends raises the possibility of damaged or deleted telomeres, because of its stochastic nature. Recent evidence suggests that HeT-Atransposition is controlled at the levels of transcription and reverse transcription. HeT-Atranscription is found primarily in mitotically active cells, and transcription of a w +reporter gene inserted into the 2L telomere increases when the homologous telomere is partially or completely deleted. The terminal HeT-Aarray may be important as a positive regulator of this activity in cis, and the subterminal satellite appears to be an important negative regulator in cis. A third chromosome modifier has been identified that increases the level of reverse transcriptase activity on a HeT-A RNA template and greatly increases the transposition of HeT-A. Thus, the host appears to play a role in transposition of these elements. Taken together, these results suggest that control of HeT-Atransposition is more complex than previously thought.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026548503320
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 125
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular organization of the Drosophila melanogaster Adh chromosomal region in D. replete and D. buzzatii, two distantly related species of the Drosophila subgenus (2000)
    Springer
    Chromosome research 8 (2000), S. 375-385 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6849
    Keywords: Adh ; Drosophila ; FISH ; genome evolution ; repleta group
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The molecular organization of a 1.944-Mb chromosomal region of Drosophila melanogaster around the Adh locus has been analyzed in two repleta group species: D. repleta and D. buzzatii. The extensive genetic and molecular information about this region in D. melanogaster makes it a prime choice for comparative studies of genomic organization among distantly related species. A set of 26 P1 phages from D. melanogaster were successfully hybridized using fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) to the salivary gland chromosomes of both repleta group species. The results show that the Adh region is distributed in D. repleta and D. buzzatii over six distant sites of chromosome 3, homologous to chromosomal arm 2L of D. melanogaster (Muller's element B). This observation implies a density of 2.57 fixed breakpoints per Mb in the Adh region and suggests a considerable reorganization of this chromosomal element via the fixation of paracentric inversions. Nevertheless, breakpoint density in the Adh region is three times lower than that estimated for D. repleta chromosome 2, homologous to D. melanogaster 3R (Muller's element E). Differences in the rate of evolution among chromosomal elements are seemingly persistent in the Drosophila genus over long phylogenetic distances.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009206702214
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 126
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution of the Transposable Element Minos in the Genus Drosophila (2000)
    Springer
    Genetica 108 (2000), S. 263-267 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6857
    Keywords: Drosophila ; horizontal transfer ; Minos ; Tc1-like ; Tc1-marinerfamily ; transposable elements ; transposon distribution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We analyzed 28 species of the genus Drosophilafor the presence of the Tc1-like transposable element Minosusing Southern blot hybridization under high stringency conditions. The Minostransposon was found in members of both the Drosophilaand the Sophophorasubgenus showing a distribution that is wider if compared to other well-studied Drosophilatransposons such as the Pelement, hoboand mariner. The presence of Minos-hybridizing sequences was discontinuous in the Sophophorasubgenus, especially in the melanogasterspecies group. Using the Polymerase Chain Reaction we amplified a portion corresponding to the putative Minostransposase from different Drosophilaspecies. Cloning and sequence analysis of randomly selected Minoscopies from D. mojavensisis, D. saltansand D. willistonisupports the idea that event(s) of horizontal transfer may have contributed to the spreading of this transposon in the Drosophilagenus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004185024017
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 127
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spatial differences in patterns of modification: selection on hairy in Drosophila melanogaster wings (2000)
    Springer
    Genetica 109 (2000), S. 169-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6857
    Keywords: artificial selection ; atavistic structures ; Drosophila ; pattern formation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Artificial selection was carried out for over 45 generations to enhance and suppress expression of the mutation hairy on the Drosophila melanogaster wing. Whole chromosome mapping of X‐linked and autosomal modifiers of sense organ number displayed regional differences in magnitude and direction of their effects. Regional specificity of modifier effects was also seen in some interchromosomal interactions. Scanning electron microscopy allowed precise measurement of sense organ size and position along the L3 longitudinal wing vein. Sense organ size varied in a predictable fashion along the proximal–distal axis, and the dorsal pattern differed from the ventral pattern. The high and low selection lines differed most in the proximal portion of the L3 vein. Extra sense organs in the High line were often associated with vein fragments at locations predicted from ancestral vein patterns. Thus, regional specificity of polygenic or quantitative trait locus modifier effects was identified in several different parts of the wing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1017531404454
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 128
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic analysis of extended lifespan in Drosophila melanogaster III. On the relationship between artificially selected and wild stocks (2000)
    Springer
    Genetica 109 (2000), S. 245-253 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6857
    Keywords: artificial selection ; Drosophila ; lifespan ; mortality ; paraquat ; DDT ; recovery hypothesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Adult lifespans, age‐specific survival, age‐specific mortality, survival times on paraquat, and survival times on DDT were assayed in seven lines of Drosophila melanogaster, including two genetically heterogeneous wild lines recently collected from nature, and three inbred and recombinant inbred lines derived from an artificial selection experiment for increased lifespan. Survival on paraquat is positively correlated with adult lifespan. DDT resistance is uncorrelated with either paraquat resistance or lifespan. The wild lines are unexceptional with respect to average lifespan, paraquat resistance, age‐specific survivorship, and leveling off of mortality rates at advanced ages, but have high levels of DDT resistance. Cluster analysis groups the wild lines with three unselected laboratory stocks in one cluster, while two long‐lived elite recombinant inbred lines form a second cluster. Long‐lived laboratory‐adapted lines are quantitatively differentiated from the wild stocks, both with respect to average adult lifespans and resistance to an oxidizing agent. We reject the ‘recovery’ hypothesis, which proposes that Drosophila artificially selected for long life have phenotypes that merely recover the wild state.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1017569318401
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 129
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of AWD/Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinase in Drosophila Development (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of bioenergetics and biomembranes 32 (2000), S. 293-300 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6881
    Keywords: abnormal wing discs ; lethal mutant ; Drosophila ; Killer-of-prune ; prune
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The abnormal wing discs gene of Drosophila encodes a soluble protein with nucleosidediphosphate kinase activity. This enzymic activity is necessary for the biological function ofthe abnormal wing discs gene product. Complete loss of function, i.e., null, mutations causelethality after the larval stage. Most larval organs in such null mutant larvae appear to benormal, but the imaginal discs are small and incapable of normal differentiation.Killer-of-prune is a neomorphic mutation in the abnormal wing discs gene. It causes dominant lethalityin larvae that lack prune gene activity. The Killer-of-prune mutant protein may have alteredsubstrate specificity. Null mutant larvae have a low level of nucleoside diphosphate kinaseactivity. This suggests that there may be additional Drosophila genes that encode proteinswith nucleoside dipthosphate kinase activity. Candidate genes have been found in theDrosophila genome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005545214937
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 130
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Common Mechanisms of Y Chromosome Evolution (2000)
    Springer
    Genetica 109 (2000), S. 105-111 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6857
    Keywords: Drosophila ; evolution ; heterochromatin ; Y chromosome
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Y chromosome evolution is characterized by the expansion of genetic inertness along the Y chromosome and changes in the chromosome structure, especially the tendency of becoming heterochromatic. It is generally assumed that the sex chromosome pair has developed from a pair of homologues. In an evolutionary process the proto-Y-chromosome, with a very short differential segment, develops in its final stage into a completely heterochromatic and to a great extends genetically eroded Y chromosome. The constraints evolving the Y chromosome have been the objects of speculation since the discovery of sex chromosomes. Several models have been suggested. We use the exceptional situation of the in Drosophila mirandato analyze the molecular process in progress involved in Y chromosome evolution. We suggest that the first steps in the switch from a euchromatic proto-Y-chromosome into a completely heterochromatic Y chromosome are driven by the accumulation of transposable elements, especially retrotransposons inserted along the evolving nonrecombining part of the Y chromosome. In this evolutionary process trapping and accumulation of retrotransposons on the proto-Y-chromosome should lead to conformational changes that are responsible for successive silencing of euchromatic genes, both intact or already mutated ones and eventually transform functionally euchromatic domains into genetically inert heterochromatin. Accumulation of further mutations, deletions, and duplications followed by the evolution and expansion of tandem repetitive sequence motifs of high copy number (satellite sequences) together with a few vital genes for male fertility will then represent the final state of the degenerated Y chromosome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026584016524
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 131
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Versatility of Conviction: Heterochromatin as Both a Repressor and an Activator of Transcription (2000)
    Springer
    Genetica 109 (2000), S. 19-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6857
    Keywords: chromosomal proteins ; Drosophila ; heterochromatin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026544717126
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 132
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Drosophila Telomeric Transgenes Provide Insights on Mechanisms of Gene Silencing (2000)
    Springer
    Genetica 109 (2000), S. 25-33 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6857
    Keywords: chromatin ; Drosophila ; heterochromatin ; position effect variegation ; telomeres
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A significant fraction of most eukaryotic genomes is packaged into chromatin that is not permissive for gene expression. This silent chromatin is typically located near centromeres and telomeres and has fascinated scientists for more than 70 years, yet many questions remain unanswered. Part of the difficulties in studying silent chromatin at the molecular level is the repetitive nature of the DNA sequences in these regions. To overcome this problem, Drosophilastocks carrying in vitrodesigned transgenes inserted within silent chromatin have been generated. Molecular analysis of these transgenes has shed light on the nature of the chromatin structure within these regions and provided insights on the mechanisms of gene silencing. This review will focus on recent studies using telomeric transgenes. The results from these studies suggest that nuclear organization plays a role in gene silencing and that silencing is the result of a block early in the process of transcription initiation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026556705137
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 133
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An altered electroretinogram transient associated with an unusual jump response in a mutant ofDrosophila (1983)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular neurobiology 3 (1983), S. 143-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6830
    Keywords: electroretinogram ; visual mutants ; visual sensitization ; Drosophila
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary 1. Mutations at thestoned locus ofDrosophila melanogaster produce a reversible temperature-sensitive debilitation. At permissive temperatures they also exhibit an unusual jump response to a light-off stimulus. 2. An increase in the amplitude of the off-transient of the electroretinogram (ERG) is associated with this abnormal jump. Both the jump response and the increased amplitude of the off-transient are shown to be dependent on the duration of the light pulse prior to the light-off stimulus. 3. Instoned flies which are light adapted, the jump response, as measured by recording from the indirect flight muscles, is seen to habituate with increasing light-off frequency. This habituation corresponds to the decrease in the amplitude of the off-transient that also occurs with high-frequency stimulation. 4. Another visual mutanttan, removes the off and on-transients of the ERG. 5. The combining of thestoned mutation withtan in thetan, stoned double mutant results in the loss of the jump behavior as well as the partial restoration of the off-transient to an otherwisetan-like ERG. The relationship between the increase in the amplitude of the off-transient instoned flies and the eliciting of the jump response is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00735278
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 134
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The regulation of phosphorylation of a specific protein in synaptosomal fractions fromDrosophila heads: The effects of light and two visual mutants (1983)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular neurobiology 3 (1983), S. 127-141 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6830
    Keywords: cyclic adenosine monophosphate ; calmodulin ; phosphorylation ; visual mutants ; Drosophila
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary 1. Protein IV from synaptosomal fractions ofDrosophila heads is phosphorylatedin vitro by an endogenous cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent protein kinase. Thein vivo phosphorylation of this protein is affected by light. 2. Two visual mutants,tan andstoned, exhibit altered levels ofin vivo phosphorylation of protein IV. Thetan strain shows depressedin vivo levels of phosphorylation of protein IV, whereasstoned shows an increase in thein vivo level of phosphorylation of this same protein. 3. Protein D is phosphorylatedin vitro by an endogenous Ca2+/calmodulindependent protein kinase and has a molecular weight identical to that of protein IV. Thestoned mutant strain shows an increase in thein vivo level of phosphorylation of protein D. 4. The data presented here suggest that the phosphorylation of protein IV, and perhaps D, may play a role in the early processing of visual information in the fly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00735277
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 135
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Activities of the nuclear envelope in the salivary glands of Drosophila (1983)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 228 (1983), S. 497-509 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Drosophila ; Larval salivary glands ; Nuclear “oval bodies” ; Annulate lamellae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Morphological data are presented concerning the single-membrane-bound vesicles (“oval bodies”) associated with the nuclear envelopes of larval salivary gland cells of Drosophila. Data are also presented concerning the existence of cytoplasmic annulate lamellae in these same cells. The mode of formation of these structures, as well as the relationships between them and with other cytoplasmic organelles are described. The possible functional significance of these phenomena is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00211471
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 136
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructure of the compound eye and first optic neuropile of the photoreceptor mutant ora JK84 of Drosophila (1983)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 233 (1983), S. 305-317 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Freeze fracture ; HVEM ; Retina ; Optic neuropile ; Drosophila
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The developmental mutant of Drosophila (ora JK84) is characterized by nonfunctional photoreceptor cells (R1–6), while the R7/R8 cells are normal. A fundamental question is: Does the near absence of photosensitive membranes inhibit development of the Rl-6 axons and their synapses at the other end of the cell? The retina and first optic neuropile (lamina ganglionaris) were examined with freeze-fracture technique and high voltage electron microscopy. R1–6 have reduced rhabdomere caps; rhabdomeric microvilli have about 50% of the normal diameter and 20% of the normal length. Affected cells exhibit prominent vacuoles which appear to communicate with some highly convoluted microvillar membranes. Almost no P-face particles (putative rhodopsin molecules) are present in the R1–6 rhabdomeres, and particle densities are lower in R7 than previously reported. Near the rhabdomere caps, microvilli of R1–6 are fairly normal, but at more proximal levels they are greatly diminished in length and changed in orientation, while at still more proximal levels they are lost. R1–6, R7, and R8 axons from each ommatidium are bundled into normal pseudocartridges beneath the basement membrane. No abnormalities are found in the lamina ganglionaris, and all synaptic associations as well as the presumed “virgin” synapses (of R1–6) appear normal. No glial anomalies are present, and R7/R8 axons project through the lamina in the usual fashion. These fine structural findings are correlated with known electrophysiological, biochemical, and behavioral correlates of both sets of photoreceptors (R1–6, and R7/R8).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00238298
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 137
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation of True Rbp9 Null Alleles by Imprecise P Element Excisions (2000)
    Springer
    Molecules and cells 10 (2000), S. 61-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 0219-1032
    Keywords: Drosophila ; Imprecise Excision ; Null Allele ; P Element ; Rbp9
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The P element has been widely used as a mutagen because of its convenience in locating the site of mutagenesis. However, P element-induced mutations often result in varied mutant phenotypes, making it difficult to identify the null phenotype. Previously, three Rbp9 alleles were isolated using P element mutagenesis. Although the coding regions of Rbp9 were disrupted by P elements in all three cases, they showed different degrees of defects. In order to characterize the null phenotype of Rbp9, Rbp9 alleles with chromosomal deletions were created by inducing imprecise excisions of the P elements. All Rbp9 alleles generated from imprecise excisions showed the same mutant phenotype: female flies were sterile and cystocyte differentiation was blocked. This result reveals that the primary function of Rbp9 resides in the regulation of cystocyte differentiation. In addition, this result shows that a P element does not always completely inactivate gene activity, even when it is incorporated into the coding region.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10059-000-0061-1
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 138
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of Polycomb Group Mutations on the Expression of Ultrabithorax in the Drosophila Visceral Mesoderm (2000)
    Springer
    Molecules and cells 10 (2000), S. 156-161 
    Details
    ISSN: 0219-1032
    Keywords: Drosophila ; Polycomb Group Genes ; Ultrabithorax ; Visceral Mesoderm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The Polycomb group (PcG) genes encode repressors of many developmental regulatory genes including homeotic genes and are known to act by modifying chromatin structure through complex formation. We describe how Ultrabithorax (Ubx) expression is affected by the PcG mutants in the visceral mesoderm. Mutant embryos of the genes extra sex combs (esc), Polycomb (Pc), additional sex combs (Asx) and pleiohomeotic (pho) were examined. In each mutation, Ubx was ectopically expressed outside of their normal domains along the anterior-posterior axis in the visceral mesoderm, which is consistent with the effect of PcG proteins repressing the homeotic genes in other tissues. All of these four PcG mutations exhibit complete or partial lack of midgut constriction. However, two thirds of esc mutant embryos did not show Ubx expression in parasegment 7 (PS7). Even in the embryos showing ectopic Ubx expression, the level of Ubx expression in the PcG mutations was weaker than that in normal embryos. We suggest that in PcG mutations the ectopic Ubx expression is caused by lack of PcG repressor proteins, while the weaker or lack of Ubx expression is due to the repression of Ubx by Abd-B protein which is ectopically expressed in PcG mutations as well.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10059-000-0156-8
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 139
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regulation of Mst57Dc Expression in Male Accessory Glands of Dorsophila melanogaster (2000)
    Springer
    Molecules and cells 10 (2000), S. 180-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 0219-1032
    Keywords: Drosophila ; Gene Expression ; JHRE ; Juvenile Hormone ; Male Accessory Gland ; Mst57Dc
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Mst57Dc has been isolated as a male accessory gland transcript of Drosophila melanogaster. Its product is a secretory protein, which is phosphorylated by protein kinase A. In the present study, the expression pattern of Mst57Dc was analyzed. It is preferentially expressed in but not restricted to the male accessory glands. Other than in the accessory glands, it is slightly expressed in other body parts, including the head and female body. In the accessory glands, a high level of expression was detected right after eclosion when the titer of juvenile hormone III (JHIII) reaches a peak. Its accumulation was increased by mating, which has been known to act via JH. In ap56f, a JH-deficient mutant, the level of Mst57Dc transcripts was about 60% of the wild type. Moreover a JH-responsive element like palindromic sequence and several sequence motifs were found in the 5′ and 3′ flanking regions of Mst57Dc. Taken together, JH is proposed as a regulator of Mst57Dc gene expression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10059-000-0180-8
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 140
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Behavioral Characterization and Genetic Analysis of the Drosophila melanogaster Larval Response to Light as Revealed by a Novel Individual Assay (2000)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 30 (2000), S. 59-69 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: Insect ; larval photobehavior ; locomotion ; Drosophila ; behavioral mutants
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract A new assay was designed, named checker, that measures the individual response to light in the fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster larva. In this assay the Drosophila larva apparently modulates its pattern of locomotion when faced with a choice between a dark and lit environment by orienting its movement towards the dark environment. We show that, in this assay, a response to light can be measured as an increase in residence time in the dark versus the lit quadrant. Mutations that disrupt phototransduction in the adult Drosophila abolish the larval response to light, demonstrating that this larval visual function is similar to that of the adult fly. Similarly, no response to light was detected in strains where the larval visual system (photoreceptors and target area) was disrupted by a mutation in the homeobox containing gene sine oculis (so) gene. Ablation of photoreceptors by the targeted expression of the cell death gene hid under the control of the photoreceptor-specific transcription factor glass (gl) abolishes this response entirely. Finally, we demonstrate that this response to light can be mediated by rhodopsins other than the blue absorbing Rh1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1002090627601
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 141
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mapping stimulus-induced nervous activity in small brains by [3H]2-deoxy-D-glucose (1980)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 211 (1980), S. 51-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Cerebral glucose utilization ; Deoxyglucose method ; Dry autoradiography ; Insect brain ; Drosophila
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Nervous activity may be localized in anatomical sections of brain tissue by the autoradiographic deoxyglucose technique. The method provides sufficient structural preservation and spatial resolution for detailed functional investigation of complex but small-sized nervous systems when the original technique is modified as follows: (i) use of 3H instead of 14C as radioactive label, (ii) application of labeled deoxyglucose in concentrations close to physiological glucose levels rather than in trace amounts, (iii) stimulation for 4–9 h after deoxyglucose application instead of 20–45 min, (iv) subsequent preparation avoiding aqueous phases at all stages from fixation to autoradiography, and (v) plastic embedding of the tissue such that serial semithin sections of good structural preservation may be routinely cut. Brief aqueous fixation and dehydration at room temperature as has been described for vertebrates apparently cannot preserve stimulus-induced distribution of radioactive label in the brain of the fly Drosophila melanogaster. Aspects of the results that illustrate the potential and some limitations of the present technique are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00233722
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 142
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of cytochalasin B and colchicine on the morphogenesis of mitochondria in Drosophila hydei during meiosis and early spermiogenesis (1982)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 224 (1982), S. 161-168 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Mitochondria ; Meiosis ; Spermiogenesis ; Drosophila ; Organ culture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Morphogenesis of mitochondria in male germ cells in cultivated cytocysts begins in early prophase I at which time mitochondria thicken and become ordered along the spindle apparatus during meiosis. At the end of the second meiotic division they aggregate to form the Nebenkern. In the presence of colchicine or cytochalasin B mitochondria are able to begin differentiation, although the correct course of meiosis is not guaranteed. In medium supplemented with colchicine they undergo normal thickening but do not aggregate, in a pattern known from untreated cultures. This may indicate that microtubules are involved in the aggregation process of mitochondria as colchicine is known to inhibit microtubule formation. Moreover, in cell cultures treated with cytochalasin B mitochondrial aggregation does occur; it is concluded that microfilaments, which are sensitive to cytochalasin B, do not play a detectable role in the aggregation of mitochondria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00217275
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 143
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural pathology of the compound eye and optic neuropiles of the retinal degeneration mutant (w rdgB KS222) Drosophila melanogaster (1982)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 225 (1982), S. 11-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Transmission and high voltage electron microscopy ; Drosophila ; Degeneration ; Retinular cells ; Optic neuropiles
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The compound eye and the two most distal optic neuropils (lamina ganglionaris and medulla externa) of the Drosophila mutant w rdgB KS222were examined with transmission electron microscopes at conventional (60 kV) and high (0.8–1 MV) voltages. Eye tissue was sampled in the newly emerged and at 3, 7, and 21 days following eclosion. This mutant is known to show a light-induced degeneration of the peripheral retinular cells (R 1–6); the spectral sensitivity is altered and the threshold is increased reflecting the function of the central cells (R7, 8) which do not degenerate. A totally normal appearing visual system (peripheral retina and optic neuropiles) was found in newly emerged adults. After 3 days the somata of some of the peripheral retinal cells are affected and all of their axons show degeneration. At one week the R 1–6 pathology is well advanced in both somal and axonal regions. In affected cells the cytoplasm is more or less uniformly electron dense and contains liposomes, lysosome-like bodies, myeloid figures and vacuoles suggesting autophagy. Such cytoplasm (noted at 3 and 7 days post-eclosion) exhibits an electron dense reticulum and degenerate mitochondria. Microvilli become more electron dense. Retinular axon terminals are electron opaque and lack synaptic vesicles with few if any presynaptic structures. Mitochondrial remains are barely recognizable. Transsynaptic degeneration was not found. After 3 weeks, the structure of R 1–6 in the peripheral retina (somata and rhabdomeres) is greatly reduced or lost while R7 and R8 and higher order neurons are not affected. The debris from cell bodies and axon terminals of R 1–6 seems diminished, so that some phagocytosis probably takes place along with gliosis in the lamina.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00216214
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 144
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multiple effects of colchicine on oogenesis in Drosophila: Induced sterility and switch of potential oocyte to nurse-cell developmental pathway (1983)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 228 (1983), S. 21-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Drosophila ; Oogenesis ; Colchicine ; Microtubules ; Sterility
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Adult female fruitflies exposed to colchicine admixed to the culture medium show a series of dosage-related abnormalities that affect oogenesis and may induce sterility. Among the effects observed were decreased fecundity and hatchability of laid eggs, formation of oocytes lacking chorionic appendages, abnormal distribution and diminution in number of yolk spheres, inhibition of oocyte growth and abnormally located oocyte nuclei. Potentially the most significant effect was the development of egg chambers which contained the normal complement of 16 cells but in which all the cells had the nuclear morphology of nurse cells. The approach provides for the first time an experimental means to divert a potential oocyte into the developmental pathway of the nurse cell in a wild-type fly, and hence should be helpful in the elucidation of factors which control oocyte and nurse cell differentiation. In addition, the results serve to expand the usefulness of oogenesis in Drosophila as a model system for the evaluation of drug-induced metabolic-morphologic abnormalities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00206261
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 145
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative study of structure and function of blood cells from two Drosophila species (1982)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 221 (1982), S. 607-615 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Hemocytes ; Drosophila ; Ultrastructure ; Phagocytosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Hemocytes of Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila yakuba larvae have been defined in terms of their ultrastructure and functions in “coagulation”, wound healing, encapsulation, phenol-oxydase activity, and phagocytosis. The position of these cells among the classical hemocyte types of insects is determined. We distinguish two plasmatocyte types (macrophage plasmatocytes and lamellocytes) which do not seem to belong to the same lineage, and oenocytoids which are the crystal cells of the literature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00215704
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 146
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Autoradiographic studies of protein and polysaccharide synthesis during vitellogenesis in Drosophila (1982)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 224 (1982), S. 315-333 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Oogenesis ; Vitellogenesis ; Radiolabelling ; Metabolism ; Drosophila
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Quantitative light- and electron-microscopic autoradiography was used to evaluate metabolic processes that occur during late developmental stages (10–14) of oogenesis in Drosophila melanogaster. Major differences in radiolabelling patterns were found after in vivo (10–45 min) uptake of [3H]-monosaccharides and [3H]-L-lysine. Several different methods of data analysis were required to facilitate interpretation of these patterns. [3H]-L-lysine produced extensive cytoplasmic labelling at all developmental stages. In addition, about 15% of alpha yolk spheres were intensely labelled at stage 10, reflecting the incorporation of radiolabelled vitellogenins synthesized during the incubation period. Subsequent stages showed low silver grain density over alpha yolk spheres until stage 14, when a burst of [3H]-L-lysine incorporation by most alpha spheres was observed, possibly indicative of a maturation process for embryogenesis. [3H]-D-glucose and [3H]-D-galactose (10 min, in vivo) both induced intense labelling of the beta yolk spheres in a manner suggesting in situ assembly beginning at early stage 13. Inasmuch as the polysaccharide of beta yolk spheres has the properties of glycogen (e.g., rosette structure digested by α-amylase) and the radiolabelled monosaccharides were introduced intraabdominally, it is evident that transport systems as well as enzymes utilizing glucose and galactose for glycogenesis must be readily available. It is notable that wide-spread labelling of egg chambers was elicited by [3H]-D-glucose and [3H]-D-galactose (e.g., nurse cells, follicle cells, chorion, vitelline membrane), but the labelling induced by [3H]-N-acetylmannosamine was restricted mainly to the endochorion. A possible role of microtubules in distribution and assembly of yolk spheres was inferred when colchicine, admixed to the culture medium (2–5 ppm), produced abnormal distribution and diminution in number of both alpha and beta yolk spheres. In addition to revealing previously unknown metabolic events of vitellogenesis, the results provide additional criteria for stage characterization as well as a means to specifically label certain macromolecules for purposes of isolation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00216876
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 147
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vitro spermatogenesis in Drosophila (1981)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 220 (1981), S. 251-262 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Meiosis ; Spermiogenesis ; Organ culture ; Drosophila
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In vitro spermatogenesis of isolated single spermatocyte cysts of Drosophila hydei was studied by microscopic observations and time-lapse cinematography. Cysts of spermatocytes isolated during diplotene develop as far as the coiling stage of spermatid differentiation. The existence of an interphase between meiosis I and meiosis II is, for the first time, documented. Meiosis, Nebenkern formation, and elongation of spermatids occur just as in D. melanogaster; however, an individualization cone, as described for D. melanogaster, can not be detected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00210507
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...