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  • 1
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    Study on propagation and breeding of Hamoun fish (shizothoraxzarudnyi) to one gram weight in earthen pond (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25322 | 18721 | 2018-09-12 09:50:04 | 25322 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-07-16
    Beschreibung: Hamoun fish, Schizothorax zarudnyi, is an indigenous species of the eastern waters of Iran, which is exclusively found in this region. However recently drought occurrence in the Chahnimeh reservoirs (a semi natural water body) making them vulnerable to extinction. As an appropriate action to address this problem and according to the 3 side contract between Italian Government – UNDP - Islamic republic of Iran Government and the Italian government financial support to reduce poverty in the Province of Sistan-Baluchestan through the reinforcement and dissemination of aquaculture activities the project was developed at the Hamoun Research Unit by the Chahbahar Fisheries Research Center to record the breeding normative of 1 g weight larvae for restocking and other researching purposes. 331 broodstocks of the indigenous species Shizothorax zarudnyi weighing 800-2450 g were collected from the Chahnimeh reservoirs in early autumn, 2006. From 5/3/2007 (the project is supported and communicated on 2010) , Ovulation was stimulated with three stimulators; pituitary extract (3-6 mg kg-1 body weight), GnRH-A (20-30 mg kg-1 body weight) and anti dopamine (10-15 mg kg-1 body weight) that was given in 2-3 doses to breeders. Of 169 injected breeders , some were injected On mid March of 2007 (12-13 ºC water temperature) responded to the injection 25% ,while the rest were injected On April of 2008 (14-16 ºC water temperature) responded to the injection 65%. In the present project of 167 breeders 82 were female and 87 male. Totally 30 female breeders released their eggs in different stages. 20 female breeders released their eggs completely, 3 breeders released half of their eggs and 7 released 1/3 of their eggs. The male breeders just injected in the final dose of hormontrapy and all were ready for releasing sperms however the ovulation in female breeders occurs between 353-428 h ºC and after the final dose of injection. Ripe eggs were stripped from the females and fertilization was done by the dry method. Fertilized eggs were transferred to veis incubators and troughs. Incubation period for eggs differs and larvae hatch out after about 910 days at an average water temperature of 12.5 °C. Maintained at 13-14 °C, complete absorption of yolk sac in Shizothorax zarudnyi larvae occurred after 5-8 days. Larvae were fed with a mixture of powdered milk and egg yolk in this stage followed by decapsulated Artemia cysts and nauplii of Artemia and then on formulated starter diets used for carps. Because the ponds were not ready, larvae were maintained in troughs for about ten days before they were transferred to two 1200 m2 earthen ponds where they reached a body weight of about 1 g. They were then handed over to the Iranian Fisheries department in the region. Larvae were fed with the starter feed SFCO in the earthen ponds. About 350 thousand larvae were stocked in two earthen ponds. Based on the results of present study and other studies we may conclude that artificial breeding in Schizothorax can be successfully achieved at 14-16 ºC in flow through systems using hormone therapy (combination of GnRha and anti dopamine) and larvae could be easily cultured in earthen ponds. However this species exhibits lower growth rates as compared to carps its high expenses could have an important role in economical feasible.
    Schlagwort(e): Aquaculture ; Iran ; Sistan and Baluchestan province ; Chahnimeh reservoirs ; Chahbahar ; Hamoun fish ; Schizothorax zarudnyi ; Breeding ; Species ; Aquaculture ; Temperature ; Female ; Eggs ; Hormontrapy ; Sperm ; Ovulation ; Larvae ; Fisheries ; Earthen ponds
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
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    Investigation of production possibility of monosex female and sterile fish in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25147 | 18721 | 2018-08-26 16:54:41 | 25147 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-07-16
    Beschreibung: This investigation carried out for the first time in Iran inorder to prodcution of monosex female and also sterilization in Rainbow trout. In this study, the eggs of general females were fertilized with the sperm of sex reversed male and so monosex female population was produced in second generation and sterilization carried out with oral administration of 17α methy 1 testosterone and immenrsion and oral administiration methods were used in embryonic stage and from commencing of acitve feeding of larvae, respectiverly. For sex reversal , 13 treatments were considered totally, that the most percentage of male (100%) was observedc in a treatment including of orally administration of 0.5 ppm hormone for 60 days after commencing active feeding (P〈0.001). In the other treamtnet, different percentages of sex ratio including male, female, intersex and sterility were observed. The offspring of genral eggs fertilization with the sperm of masculinized fish were 100% female, chisquare test was shown the treatment of orally administration of 30 ppm hormone for 120 days after commencing active feeding that had been considered for sterilization, was produced 90% sterile fish (P〈0.001) and was changed the sex ratio significancthy. Morphological changes of the gonads and sperm ducts in matured fish and also histological changes in the gonads of fish in the treamtints were considerable.
    Schlagwort(e): Biology ; Iran ; Monosex ; Female ; Male ; Sterilization ; Rainbow trout ; Eggs ; Fertilized ; Sperm ; Population ; Sex ; Fish ; Oncorhynchus mykiss ; Rainbow trout
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 58
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  • 3
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    Study on effects of Beta-glucan & extraction of Sargassum & Padina algae in prevention and treatment of WSD in Fenneropenaeus indicus (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25179 | 18721 | 2018-09-03 17:23:17 | 25179 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-07-16
    Beschreibung: In this study two species of algae, Sargassum glaucescens and Padina boergeseni that found plenteously in Persian Gulf and Bushehr coast, were collected and hot water extracts of them were lyophilized. F. indicus (11.32±1.20 g), after two weeks adaptation in Shoghab research station were immersed in seawater (39 ppt and 25±1 ○C) containing hot-water extract of each brown algae, S.glaucescens and P.boergeseni, at 100, 300 and 500 mg/l concentration, Survival rate and immunological parameters (total haemocyte count (THC), total plasma protein (TPP), Phagocytic activity, bacterial clearance efficiency and bactericidal activity) were examined. In addition effect of dietary administration of beta 1, 3 1, 6 glucan on prevention of White Spot Disease and immunological parameters of shrimp were investigated. According to results, immersion in seawater containing 300 and 500 mg/l concentration of algal hot-water extract after 2 and 3 hours or oral administration of beta 1,3 1,6 glucan at level of 10 g/kg diet for 14 days significantly enhanced THC, TPP, Phagocytic activity, bacterial clearance efficiency and bactericidal activity. Immersion in seawater containing 100, 300 and 500 mg/l hot-water extract of S.glaucescens after 3 hours, improved the survival rate of WSSV-infected F. indicus.
    Schlagwort(e): Biology ; Chemistry ; Iran ; Persian Gulf ; Bushehr Province ; Beta-glucan ; Sargassum ; Padina algae ; WSD ; Fenneropenaeus indicus ; Species ; Algae ; Brown Algae ; S.glaucescens ; P.boergeseni ; Survival rate ; White Spot Disease ; Shrimp
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 57
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  • 4
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    Bester (beluga ♀ × starlet ♂) production and comparing their growth with beluga in Iran (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25193 | 18721 | 2018-09-03 17:21:38 | 25193 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-07-16
    Beschreibung: Aquaculture for human consuming species is being considered as the first substitution of catching aquatic species due to increase of human population and decrease of wild aquatic stocks. In this study, the hybrid sturgeon Bester (female beluga x male sterlet) was produced for the first time in Iran. Sperm of 1.35 kg male Acipenser ruthenus was used to fertilize the eggs of 125 kg female Huso huso in Shahid Marjani Sturgeon propagation center (Agh Ghala, Golestan province). The fries of bester and control treatment of beluga were transported to International Sturgeon Research Institute (Rasht) after about one month by reaching to 490 mg and 377 mg of weight respectively. All fishes fed by artificial concentrated food (48-50% protein and 15-17% fat) after a period of feeding with Artemia and Daphnia. Sorting was carried out according to increase of fish weight for both fishes. Results showed that the imported sterlet spawners were not at the high maturation stages and especially the males had not suitable sperm quality. It showed that up to 2 months of age , these was no significant difference between bester and beluga weight but from this age up to 2 months of age the weight of beluga was greater. Meanwhile from 2 months old up to the end of the study (21 months) the weight of bester sample was significantly greater than beluga. The comparison of FCR for the whole rearing period showed no difference between bester and beluga (2.4 and 2.3 respectively). In general, the increase and decrease pattern of GR and SGR were coincided to each other, but showed monthly differences. Growth rate (GR) and specific growth rate (SGR) of bester were greater than beluga from 4th and 3rd month of rearing period respectively.
    Schlagwort(e): Aquaculture ; Iran ; Golestan Province ; Aquaculture ; Beluga ; Sterlet ; Bester ; Growth Rate ; Aquatic ; Species ; Population ; Female ; Male ; Acipenser ruthenus ; Huso huso ; Sturgeon ; Artemia
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 55
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  • 5
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    Using biotechnology and chemical approach extraction of chitin and conversion to chitosan from the cyst shells of Artemia urmiana (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25618 | 18721 | 2018-10-07 16:34:53 | 25618 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-07-16
    Beschreibung: Chitin and chitosan are 2 very important products of biopolymer that enjoy high consumption in industry, but their production sources are very limited. In this study, Artemia urmiana cyst shells were obtained from previously collected and stored ones in Iranian Artemia Research Center. 20 kg of Artemia urmiana cyst shells were sampled, cleaned, separated, dried and transferred to Iranian Artemia Research Center Laboratory to extract their Chitin and chitosan. Their chitin and chitosan initially were extracted using optimized common chemical methods. Their properties were compared to 2 other types of Chitin and chitosan obtained from crab and shrimp manufactured by Vietnam and China, respectively. To determine their quality, elemental analysis device, infrared spectrophotometry, x –ray radiography, determination of viscosity , molecular weight, crystallinity percent, color, de stylization measure, empirical and molecular formulas were made. The results showed that the percentage of chitin obtained from Artemia cyst Shells in Chemical method was 28 ± 3 % by weight and efficiency into chitosan (grade steel relief) in this method was 50± 5%. To optimize the extraction procedure and the removal of proteins of chitin by biological practices that were done by sodium hydroxide in the chemical method, it was replaced by the bacterium Bacillus subtilis. And in the bio- phase of chitosan de steelation fungus Aspergillus niger enzyme was replaced instead of sodium hydroxide at high temperatures. The results showed that chitin and chitosan can be extracted from Artemia cyst shell using biological method and their characteristics included as in chitin 49.6% C, 8.2 % N, 7.5 % H, and 34.5 %O. Also the same levels for chitosan were 44.4 %, 8.9, 7.2 and 39.5 %, respectively. Their other quality characteristics were included chitin average molecular weight 4.9×10^6 Dalton, crystallinity percentage of 36.4, viscosity at 20°C 31 centipoise and its color was gray to brown. In the biologic method, the average molecular weight of chitosan, crystallinity percentage, viscosity at 20°C, were 5.1×105 Dalton, 94.5, and 18 centipoises, respectively. Also, its color was pale brown. Chemical structure of extracted chitin and chitosan from the shell of Artemia urmiana cysts were C_7H_12NO_4 and C_6H_11 NO_4c, respectively. The comparison of chitin and chitosan obtained from each chemical and biological method revealed that replacing biological methods instead of chemical methods is possible in achieving these products at suitable condition and better quality. This can eliminate the use of chemicals damaging the environment such as sodium hydroxide and decrease environmental pollution.
    Schlagwort(e): Biology ; Chemistry ; Iran ; Artemia urmiana cyst shell ; Chitin ; Chitosan ; Chemical ; Biological methods ; Crab shell ; Shrimp shell ; Biotechnology
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: monograph
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    Format: 82
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  • 6
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    Broodstock management, reproduction, cryopreservation in salmonid, genetic management and selective breeding in responsible aquaculture (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25651 | 18721 | 2018-10-14 02:48:20 | 25651 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-07-16
    Beschreibung: This study was conducted to codify the guideline and indexes of broodstock management in salmonid fish and cryopreservation, selective breeding and sex reversal in hatchery to attain responsible aquaculture development. Cryopreservation includes of sperm and egg in term of economic is important in aquaculture. In this report mentioned the type and name of material. All female and sex reversal fish are produced by steroid hormone which mentioned in this report. Selective breeding include individual selection and family selection which could be used for genetic improvement of fish.
    Schlagwort(e): Aquaculture ; Biology ; Management ; Iran ; Broodstock ; Reproduction ; Cryopreservation ; Genetic ; Breeding ; Aquaculture ; Salmonid fish ; Sex reversal ; Hatchery ; Sperm ; Egg ; Female ; Steroid hormones
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 46
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  • 7
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    Extraction‚ purification, identification and amount verification of steroids in Sargassum glaucescens and Padina boergesni algae in Oman Sea (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25642 | 18721 | 2018-10-14 02:40:17 | 25642 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-07-16
    Beschreibung: Padina boergesenii is one of the most abundant brown algae distributed in the north of Persian Gulf and Oman Sea. In this study after sampling and preparation of Padina boergesenii by Chroform-Etanol (3-1) solvent and by Methanol has been extract. Separation and purification of the compounds was carried out using thin layer, general and inverse column chromatography, Cephadex and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Structural elucidation of the constituents was based on the data obtained from H-NMR, 13C-NMR, HSQC, HMBC, DEPT and Cephadex LH-20. The steroids compounds separated from above alga were identified as 22dehydrocholesterol (1), cholesterol (2), fucosterol (3), β-sitosterol (4), stigmasterol (5), ostreasterol (6) and two epimer of hyroxyestrol(7), based on their spectral data and from comparison with those previously reported in the literature.
    Schlagwort(e): Biology ; Chemistry ; Iran ; Oman Sea ; Persian Gulf ; Brown Algae ; Padina boergesenii ; Steroids compounds ; Extraction ; Purification ; Identification ; Amount verification ; Sargassum glaucescens ; Algae ; Abundant ; Sampling ; Chromatography ; Cephadex ; Dehydrocholesterol ; Cholesterol ; Fucosterol ; β-sitosterol ; Stigmasterol ; Ostreasterol
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 42
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  • 8
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    Trout farms and other human activities effects on Cheshmehkileh river ecosystem in Tonekabon (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25792 | 18721 | 2018-10-13 08:54:26 | 25792 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-07-16
    Beschreibung: Cheshmehkileh River and adjacent mountainous streams, play a strategic role as a historical axis for anthropogenic civilization, human welfare also habitat and migration pathway of commercial – biologic valuable fishes e.g. Caspian trout, Caspian kuttum, members of Cyprinidae family in south Caspian Sea drainage. Treats such as overfishing of Caspian trout and Red spotted trout stocks in mountainous headwaters, barriers construction and manipulations those are out of river carrying capacity developed by human activities, affected normal function of river as well. Sand mining big factories establishment next to the river, legal and illegal trade of river sediments, direct entry of Tonekabon landfill leakage into the river, development of Rainbow trout farms since 3 decades and huge effluents into the river containing dead fish and types of solids, escapement of cultured Rainbow trouts into the river, … are major minimum factors which needs basic information for integrating inclusively drainage management system. Cheshmehkileh River contains Headwaters of Dohezar (Daryasar & Nusha), Sehezar and Valamroud rivers during 13 monthly sampling phases between September 2009 and October 2010 based on macrozoobenthoses investigations by EPT, EPT/C EPA protocols, measurements of nominated physic-chemical and microbiologic parameters. Probability of Rainbow trouts escapement and invasion, existence, nutrition in Cheshmehkileh environment indeed investigated. Data analysis explained significant differences (P〈0.05) between groups of measured parameters in different sampling stations. Dendogram of clustered analysis based on consolidation of major biologic/ physic-chemical and microbiologic parameters, separated stations No. 1, 3, 2, 4 in one group and remained classified in different groups. Station 8 and 9 similarly separated which expressed general similarities according to Sehezar river environment which were differs in comparison with other stations. Station 11 separated according to its natural quality of water and environment. Similarities between station 10 to Sehezar river stations 8 and 9 expressed general influence of Sehezar River more than Dohezar River in Cheshmehkileh condition especially in station No. 10. High scores of EPT and EPT/C indices in upstream stations 1, 3 and 8 also low score of indices in stations 7, 13 and 6 expressed levels of environment quality between these groups of stations. Maximum average biomass of macroinvertebrates belongs to Trichoptera order in Cheshmehkileh River. Significant decrease of biomass in stations 11, 12 and 13 in comparison with other stations stated environment degradation in mentioned stations relevant to excessive sand mining as well. Pollution resistant groups of invertebrates significantly increased in downstreams against upstream stations. Also disappearing of Plecoptera order in station No. 7, 9, 10 and 13 stated low quality of environment in comparison with upstream stations. Confirmation of effects quality and quantity for point and non-point sources of imported pollutants require specific management considerations in order to present exploitations, pollutants control and emergencies for river monitoring in forthcoming years.
    Schlagwort(e): Aquaculture ; Management ; Iran ; Tonekabon ; Cheshmehkileh ; River ; Pollution ; Aquaculture ; EPTC ; Assessment ; Macroinvertebrates ; Chemistry ; Microbiology
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 138
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  • 9
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    A survey on plankto an investigation on ecology of mudskippers in Hormuzgan coastal areas communities in Bandar Abbas coastal area (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25836 | 18721 | 2018-10-13 10:31:51 | 25836 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-07-16
    Beschreibung: The most important habitats of mudskippers are muddy areas in tidal zone of tropical mangrove forests. Mudskippers are related to Oxudercinae subfamily of Gobiid fishes. Three most distributed species of Hormozgan mudskippers were Periophthalmus waltoni, Boleophthalmus dussumieri and Scartelaos tenuis. These fishes can be considered as euryhaline and eurythermal aquatic species, because they can tolerate a wide range of salinity and temperature. A research was done since september 2008 to september 2009 in two important mangrove regions of Hormuzgan (Tyab and Khamir) to determine some ecological characteristics of inhabited mudskipper species. Results showed that nitrate levels are significantly different between tidal lines and seasons (P〈0.05). Maximum nitrite concentrations were recorded 53.2 and 92.5 µg/l in Khamir and Tyab respectively. The annual correlation matrix showed that a positive correlation between phosphate concentration and nitrite and silicate (P〈0.05). Silicate concentration was very high, because of too low density of diatoms and radiolarians. Some species of diatoms, dinoflagellates, cyanobacteria and larvae of crustacea and echinoderms were observed with different density and diversity. Sediment composition of the studied areas were categorized in three classes (clay, sand and clay - sand). Polychaetes formed dominant group of benthic fauna in Tyab and Khamir areas. High density of capitellid worms was possibly related to some environmntal stress caused by activity of fishing and cargo vessels. It was not observed significant difference between fishes length in two areas (P〈0.05); Mean lengths of P. waltoni, B. dussumieri and S. tenuis were calculated 9.85, 14.7 and 11.5 cm respectively. Spawning period of each three species in both areas were obtained from late winter to late spring based on gonadosomatic index values. Male to female sex ratio of P. waltoni, B. dussumieri and S. tenuis were calculated 1:0.45, 1:0.41and 1:0.74 respectively. Absolute fecundity of P. waltoni, B. dussumieri and S. tenuis were estimated 3558 ± 2202, 3952 ± 1030 and 6742 ± 1939 respectively. P. waltoni feeds mainly on fiddler crab, S. tenuis uses crustaceans and gastropods and B. dussumieri has a vegetarian diet.
    Schlagwort(e): Ecology ; Iran ; Persian Gulf ; Hormozgan Province ; Mudskippers ; Ecology ; Periophthalmus waltoni ; Boleophthalmus dussumieri ; Scartelaos tenuis ; Female ; Male ; Benthic fauna
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 10
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    A study on fishing status and some reproductive characteristics of Klunzinger’s mullet (Lize klunzingeri) in coastal waters of Khuzestan province (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25845 | 18721 | 2018-10-13 08:35:24 | 25845 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-07-16
    Beschreibung: Biological characteristics of Liza klunzingeri were studied in two coastal areas, Sajaphi and Bahrekan, of eastern Khuzestan during March to February 2007. Among total 1880 measured fish specimens, 947 specimens were analyzed. The mean value of Gonado-somatic Index (GSI) for the male and female fish were calculated as 0.96± 1.39 and 3.25 ± 3.26 respectively. The GSI value was highest in November and lowest in July. The mean value of condition factor (K) was 1.25± 0.14 in male and 1.21± 0.15 for female. The highest K value were observed in June and the lowest value in February. The lenght at first maturity regardless of sexuality, was found to be 14.5 cm and the time of spawning based on reproduction pattern were determined in Nov- Dec. The length-weight relationship were calculated as Y=0.024L^2.76 (n=226R2=0.72) for males, Y=0.011L^3.00 (n=444R2= 0.78) for females and Y=0.0208L^2.82 (n=670R2 =0.82) for total fishes and also it’s found significant in level length weight relationship in (P〈0.05). According to biological characteristics and referring to American fisheries society (AFS) indices and Fuzzy logic expert system, Lize klunzingeri is classified as low vulnerable species.
    Schlagwort(e): Biology ; Iran ; Khuzestan province ; Sajaphi ; Bahrekan ; Lize klunzinger ; Gonado-somatic Index ; GSI ; Condition factor ; Biological characteristics ; Female ; Male ; Specimens ; Fisheries
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
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    Format: 39
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  • 11
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    Reproduction biology of Astacus leptodactylus eichwaldi in the Iranian coastal water of the Caspian Sea (Bandar Anzali) (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25270 | 18721 | 2018-09-07 07:54:06 | 25270 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-07-16
    Beschreibung: Sampling of Astacus leptodactylusc were conducted in order to determination of biometrical and biological parameters suchas length, weight, sex ratio, fecundity and natural reproduction time. Two transect were selected at 49 34 and 49 36 geographical position on east Caspian Sea near to Anzali city. Metallic folding trap with Silurus glanis as attractive diet were used to catch Astacus leptodactylusc at each line the traps were set on depth of 35, 45, 55 and 65 (5 trap at each depth). Random sampling from each depth on tow lin for one year were conducted and the biometry performed on catched Astacus leptodactylusc where their sext uality and their ration were determined for eacd month , season and whole year. Absolute fecundity determined by cooking Astacus leptodactylusc , taking out the ovary weighing and counting them .Working fecundity assesed by separating eggs from their swiming leges while enomerate all egg . Complete randomized test of ANOVA for analysing the data were employed. The results showed average length and welght were calculated 122/07±1/74mm and 57/96±1/81gr respectively. Average absolute fecundity was 310/22 ±10/72 eggs , average working fecundity was 251/84±8/84 eggs, Average ovary weight was determined 4.31±0.619 gr and average number of eggs in one gr was 74/52±1/53 eggs. The sextual ratio in all year long was 1:1.32. The reproduction season is about seven month from Feburary to July and the moulting of males occurs two times each year. One of time is at May and the other is in September. The female molt thtina as the male start for second time.
    Schlagwort(e): Biology ; Iran ; Caspian Sea ; Bandar Anzali ; Biology ; Astacus leptodactylus eichwaldi ; Sex ratio ; Fecundity ; Silurus glanis ; ANOVA ; Female ; Male ; Coastal water
    Repository-Name: AquaDocs
    Materialart: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
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    Format: 78
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  • 12
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    Study on breeding of imported brood stocks Litopenaeus vannamei in Iran environment (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25338 | 18721 | 2018-09-12 10:05:42 | 25338 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-07-16
    Beschreibung: Regarding to breeding the Litopenaeus vannamei, a total of 126 pairs of broodstocks were imported from Hawaii to Iran in 2004 and 2005, and then transferred to the Bandargah Research Station in Bushehr. The female broodstocks were ablated, and were feeded 3 times per day with cuttlefish, small size shrimp and Nereis worm with a ratio of 30% body weight. The water exchange were done 3 times per day. During the years 2004 and 2005 a total 1700000 naupli were produced of which 772000 specimens of pl13 and pl7 were harvested and then transferred to Helleh Site for carrying out the next culture project. The average naupli and postlarvae were 170000 and 92000 in proportion to each broodstock. Also the mean survival rate was estimated 54%.
    Schlagwort(e): Aquaculture ; Iran ; Persian Gulf ; Bushehr ; Litopenaeus vannamei ; Broodstock ; Breeding ; Female ; Cuttlefish ; Shrimp ; Nereis worm ; Body weight ; Nauplii ; Specimens ; Survival rate ; Breeding
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  • 13
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    Survey on health status in aquaculture sturgeons centers (Mazandaran, Guilan And Golestan Provinces) (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25330 | 18721 | 2018-09-13 12:40:49 | 25330 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-07-16
    Beschreibung: Study of survey health management and diseases in hatcheries and fish farms can help us to knowledge and application control methods such as: prevention, treatment and increase high levels of production in hatchery and farms, finally. This survey carried out from 2005 to 2008 for 4 years in sturgeon hatcheries and farms of Golestan province. Sturgeon fishes include Huso Huso, Ship sturgeon, Acipenser persicus collected and for virology, bacteriology, fungius and hematology examined. Also, physicochemical parameters measured and recorded in different stages of culture. Results of this study showed that all of samples in virology was negative and did not observe any doubetful causes. In bacteriology CFU was variation from 3/9 ×105 to 6/9×10. The most parasites that detected in this survey was Cocolanus espherolanus, Sceria binopsulus semiarmatus and Amphilina fuliacea that separates from Acipenser Percicus, especially. The results about hematology parameters some important hematological indices of ship sturgeon include: The total RBC for female and mail specimens measured as 5.3±1.5 ×10^5, 4.8±0.5×10^5 per mm^3 respectively. The amount of haematocrit and hemoglobin for female and mail determined: 34.3±2.8, 35±1.4 percent and 10.3±0.9, 8.9±0.8 gr/dl .The MCV: 216.3± 96.2, 736.5± 102.5, MCH: 720.2±309.5, 186±0.7 and MCHC: 30±0.8, 25.5±3.4 percent respectively.The total WBC were (female, male): 21320±1054, 20580±777 per mm^3 and neutrophil: 16.4±2.5, 17±1.4 percent and lymphocyte: 74.4±2.4, 73.5± 0.7 percent and eosinophil: 6±1.4, 6.4±0.5 percent, monocyte: 2.8±0.8, 3.5±0.7 percent. There was not any significant differences (p〉0.05) between mentioned parameters in male and female (students t-test). Also evaluation of hematological parameters in bluga ( Huso huso) include: total RBC were (male , female) 5±0.3 ×105 , 4.9±0.6 ×105 per mm^3 ,respectively and hematocrit: 33.2±6.7 , 35.4±3.4 percent and hemoglobin: 11.2±1.5 , 12.2±1gr/dl and MCV: 669.9±172.2, 723.9±982.4 and MCH: 226.2±42.5, 249.5±35.4 and MCHC: 34.1±2.4, 34.6±3.6 percent respectively. The totals WBC were (male, female): 24800±707.1, 23042±1375.4 per mm^3 and neutrophil: 18.5±0.7, 21.4±1.1 percent and lymphocyte: 73.5±1.4, 68.4±1.1 percent and eosinophil: 5±2.8, 7±1.2 percent and monocyte: 3.5±3.5, 3.2±0.8 percent. According to statistically study the count of lymphocyte had significant difference between male and female fish and this count in male was higher than female. (p≥0.05).
    Schlagwort(e): Aquaculture ; Iran ; Golestan Province ; Mazandaran Province ; Guilan Province ; Fish ; Sturgeon ; Huso huso ; Ship ; Acipenser percicus ; Bacteriology ; Parasitology ; Health management ; Diseases ; Survey ; Aquaculture ; Hatcheries ; Samples ; Sceria binopsulus ; Amphilina fuliacea ; Female ; Male
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  • 14
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    Effect of different heating treatments and kind of filling media on the amounts of some mineral elements (iron, zinc, copper, calcium and sodium) of silver carp (Hypopthalmichthys molitrix) during canning (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25429 | 18721 | 2018-09-23 16:29:13 | 25429 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-07-16
    Beschreibung: In this study, first, the influence of three precooking methods (steaming, oven-baking and microwave-cooking) on the contents of mineral elements-copper, zinc, iron, calcium and sodium-of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) was evaluated. Determination results of evaluated elements in raw fish and cooked samples were in range 3.05 to 4.19 for copper, 71.45 to 82.85 for zinc, 32.18 to 40.70 for iron, 425.6 to 529.46 and 315.5 to 534.76 for calcium. Results showed different precooking treatments had no significant effects on the amounts of mineral elements such as copper, zinc, calcium and sodium. The Iron content in the samples subjected to microwave cooking increased. With doing multivariate analysis, on comparing the raw and precooked fillets, steam cooking found to be the best precooking method on retain mineral elements. After choosing the best precooking method, for evaluating the influence of different filling media including sunflower oil, soybean oil, olive oil and brine, on the quality of canned silver carp, amounts of mineral elements(copper, zinc, iron, calcium and sodium) and microbial indices(total counts, thermopile count and clostridium) and sensory indices (color, smell, taste and texture) was surveyed. Assessments of microbial indices showed no microbial activity in canned products. After canning amounts of sodium increased in all the treatments. Except for iron, using soybean oil had no significant effect on the contents of other elements. The highest levels of iron and copper were observed in olive oil canned samples sterilized at 130°C. Sensory evaluating showed, kind of filling media had no significant effects on sensory indices such as taste, smell and color of canned samples. The texture of soybean oil canned samples and the quality defects of olive oil and brine canned samples had better condition than other treatments. In the last step, canned silver carp were proceed under three different temperatures (115°C, 120°C and 130°C) with equal lethality value (Fo=7min), then sensory indices and amount of mineral elements were compared. Results showed, the contents of iron, copper, sodium and calcium were changed in soybean oil canned sample. The amounts of copper and sodium in sunflower oil canned sample subjected to different heating regimes showed significant variation. The highest amount of copper was observed in the canned samples subjected to 130°C heating regime. Results showed contents of iron and copper of olive oil canned sample subjected to 120°C and 130°C heating regimes were higher than sample subjected to 115°C heating regime, while the zinc and calcium contents had no variation. In brine canned samples the highest amounts of copper and iron was obtained after sterilization in 120°C. Results of sensory evaluation showed different heating regimes had no significant effects on the indices of taste, smell, and color of products. Doing 130°C heating regime in brine canned samples led to obtain the better tenacity of texture. While this heating regime caused to increase the quality defects of soybean oil canned samples as a result of existence of hard parts of bone.
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Iran ; Precooking ; Filling media ; Heating regime ; Sterilization ; Silver carp ; Mineral elements ; Hypopthalmichthys molitrix ; Samples ; Sunflower oil ; Soybean oil ; Silver Carp
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  • 15
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    Biological aspects of Sepia pharaonis in the Bahrekan waters (NW Persian Gulf) (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25182 | 18721 | 2018-09-03 17:06:03 | 25182 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publikationsdatum: 2021-07-16
    Beschreibung: The biological aspects of Sepia pharaonis was studied during years 2006-07. The studied area restricted to the Bahrekan in Khouzestan province covering the depths of 2 up to 25m. The sampling methods were gillnet and bottom trawl. A total of 310 specimens collected, of which there wasn’t found any cuttlefish in the study area from July to October (5 months). The collected samples were transferred to the laboratory ashore for further biological measurements consist of: Mantle length, Body weight, sex determination. Gonado-Somatic Index, and determination of Spermatophoric Index, Spawning season, Food preference, Maturity stages and chemical analysis for food value determination. The results showed that the overall sex ratio is about M:F= 2:1 with percentage of 67.41% for males and 32.50% for females. Males are significantly bigger than females with average mantle length (ML) of 233.3 and 269.3 mm for female and male, respectively; with body weight of 1102.3 and 1450.6 g. The mantle length body weight relationship was found W=0.001 ML 2.540 (R2= 0.92) Female as: W= 0.0015 ML 4797 (R2= 0.93) male From point of feeding, the food preferences results indicated that fish is considered as main food, crabs as minor food and other marine organisms such as bivalvia and gastropods as random food. The highest vacuity Index (CV) and empty stomachs was determined for March-April and the lowest value was is December. Also, the maximum GSI was estimated for March-April months in which showing coherrances with the lowest food preference. The maximum spermatophoricfilaments were 856 and 45 for male pharaoh cuttlefish with mantle length of 300 and 185 mm, and on the other hand this values for fecundity were estimated 1589 and 53 for female specimens with 254 and 198 mm mantle length. The spawning season occurs in April- March in which accompany with migration of pharaoh cuttlefish towards shallow waters. The fishing season would be in this period in w.
    Schlagwort(e): Biology ; Iran ; Khouzestan province ; Bahrekan ; Sepia pharaonis ; Gillnet ; Sampling ; Specimens ; Weight ; Sex ; Gonado-somatic index ; Spawning ; Maturity ; Female ; Male ; Bivalvia ; Gastropods
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  • 16
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    The effect of thyroxine (T4) on prematurating in female, on survival percent, growth and development of egg and larval in rainbow trout, grass carp, silver carp and barbell of Caspian Sea (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25118 | 18721 | 2018-08-22 02:17:23 | 25118 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publikationsdatum: 2021-07-16
    Beschreibung: Studies show that thyroxine can play an important role in regulating growth and other physiology activities. Since the direct role of thyroxine in growth metamorphose larval of bony fishes hasn't been proved yet, during the experiment accomplished in Shahid Ansari and Jajrood station, the hormones function in the survival of development of silver carp, grass carp and rainbow trout were studied. In this study accomplished of thyroxine baths with 0.1, 0.5 and 1 ppm (with 3 repeat). The other phase, thyroxine injected to females grass carp, silver carp, rainbow trout and barbell of Caspian Sea with different doses (1, 10 and 100 g/g B.W.). Tehn survival of development of embryo and larval and precent of fertilization were studied. Also, the percent of mortality were compared in two phases in stages of development. Results show that: 1) Trout: a) Phase of thyroxine bath: The number of hatching eggs and survival of larval in 0.5 ppm were increased to other treatment. b) Phase of hormone injection: The survival of larval in treatment of 10 g/g was 8.58% that was meaningful difference to other treatment (P〈0.05). 2) Silver carp: a) Phase of thyroxine bath: The number of hatching eggs and survival of larval in 0.5 ppm were (20%) increased to other treatment (P〈0.5). b) Phase of hormone injection: The survival of larval in treatment of 10 g/g was meaningful difference to other treatment (P〈0.05). 3) Grass carp: a) Phase of thyroxine bath: The number of hatching eggs and survival of larval in 0.5 ppm were 39% increased to other treatment. b) Phase of hormone injection: The survival of larval in treatment of 1 g/g was meaningful difference to other treatment (P〈0.05). 4) Barbel of Caspian Sea: Development stages wasn't determined in this fish. Number of eggs degenerated, number of eggs were the first development stages and growth of numbers increased on ovary.
    Schlagwort(e): Biology ; Chemistry ; Iran ; Caspian Sea ; Thyroxine ; Female ; Survival ; Growth ; Egg ; Larval ; Grass Carp ; Silver Carp ; Thyroxine (T4)
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  • 17
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    A survey on some biological aspects of spiny lobster Panulirus homarus for optimizing fishing season in Sistan - o – Baluchestan province (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25222 | 18721 | 2018-09-05 16:40:25 | 25222 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publikationsdatum: 2021-07-16
    Beschreibung: Research project was conducted on some biological aspects of lobster in Oman Sea in the years1385-86. During the project some parameters such as length distribution, spawning peak, length (Carapace) at first maturity, the length at which 50% of the lobsters were found to be mature sexually, sex ratio, relative frequency index and population dynamics parameters were examined. Quantitative factors and catch composition of lobster including the amount of catch in terms of weight and number of ovigerous-female, under-sized specimens and so were compared by monthly. According to the results of present study caught specimens were male with carapace length of 22 and 110 mm respectively. The smallest ovigerous female was taken as 46mm CL when length at first maturity was estimated to be 69-70mm. the male: female ratio was 0.7: 1.3 for the whole year. A closed fishing season for the species is proposed during spring and September and October in Oman Sea. A large amount of the catches for the all sampling months came from the under-sized specimens, consist of 50 to 85% of the total catch. Therefore, presence of these small length groups have direct effects on time of closing season. Population dynamics parameters were calculated as follows: K=0.57 year, L∞= 103mm and Ǿ = 8.69. Total mortality (Z), natural mortality (M) and fishing mortality (F) coefficients were calculated as 2.73, 0.87 and 1.86, respectively. Exploitation ratio for the whole population was 0.681, indicating an overexploitation of the species. Based on the available data, the recruitment pattern for lobster was obtained for two season including spring (major) and autumn (minor). Catch per unite effort (CPUE) was calculated as 0.908 kg/Cage/day which was higher in comparison with two other areas including Ramin and Chabahar. Examination of CPUE for a 10-year period showed a decreased trend and the reduction for the year 1386 was about 30% when compared to the data from the year 1375. Moreover, the mean length during 1369-70 to 1385-86 (present study) decreased for the three areas including Pozm, Ramin and Chabahar, so that the carapas length decreased up to 10 mm in length. This sudden decrease in mean length during the 10-year period should be considered as a serious precariousness for sustainable exploitation of lobster in Oman Sea along Sistan and Baluchistan province.
    Schlagwort(e): Biology ; Iran ; Oman Sea ; Sistan and Baluchistan province ; Chabahar ; Survey ; Spiny Lobster ; Panulirus homarus ; Fishing ; Spawning ; Length ; Maturity ; Sex ratio ; Female ; Specimens ; Species ; Mortality ; Population
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  • 18
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    Production of bio-compatible nanofiber from chitosan with electrospinning method for preservation and maintenance aquatic products (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25713 | 18721 | 2018-10-10 10:11:15 | 25713 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publikationsdatum: 2021-07-16
    Beschreibung: Chitin nanofibers are prepared from the exoskeletons of shrimp by a simple mechanical treatment after a series of purification steps. The nanofibers have fine nanofibers networks with a uniform width of approximately 10 nm. Grinders and highpressure water jet systems are effective for disintegrating chitin into nanofibers. Acidic conditions are the key factor to facilitate mechanical fibrillation. Ultrafine fibers were successfully fabricated chitosan and fish skinextracted gelatin via electrospinning (ES). Important ES parameters, such as concentration of aqueous acid and fish gelatin solutions, and electric field intensity were examined to investigate the effects on the morphology of the gelatin nanofibers. Due to the poor mechanical properties of the fish gelatin membranes, composite nanofibers made of fish gelatin and poly(L-lactide)(PLLA) were produced with a novel solution. The introduction of PLLA remarkably improved the mechanical properties of the gelatin membranes. With a combination of good biocompatibility and mechanical properties, fish gelatin/PLGA blending non-woven mats are considered to be very promising in fish fillet coating application.. in this study, we fabricated a novel nanofibers composed of fish collagen (FC) and polycaprolactone (PCL) blends by using the electrospinning method. Nanofibers were characterized using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and it was revealed that the diameter of nanofibers decreases as FC content was increased in the FC/PCL composite nanofibers. Several modifications to the chitin NF surface are achieved, including acetylation, deacetylation and maleylation. The results of this study revealed that: 1–It is possible to produce Nanofibers from chitosan and fish gelatin. 2– Covering and coating of processed fish by nanofibers are applicable and increasing the possibility of shell life for the processed fish. 3– Nanofibers which have been produced from chitosan and fish gelation not only is environmentally friendly but also it will be eatable while has been covered for fish fillets. biocompatible chitosan and gelatin made from fish, fresh fish fillets do not have the ability to cover and packaging, but is edible and used.
    Schlagwort(e): Biology ; Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Iran ; Chitin ; Chitosan ; Nanofiber ; Chemical modification ; Fish ; Aquatic ; Maintenance
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  • 19
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    Determination of sediment nutrients in the cage fish culture area (before breeding) of the southern Caspian Sea (Mazandaran coast-Kelarabad) (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25755 | 18721 | 2018-10-13 06:22:22 | 25755 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publikationsdatum: 2021-07-16
    Beschreibung: This study was conducted to determine phosphorous and nitrogen species at the surface sediment in the southern Caspian Sea (Mazandaran Coast, Kelarabad). Surface sediments samples were collected at three stations from autumn of 2011 to winter of 2012. All samples were prepared by digesting and extracting processes and then phosphorous and nitrogen species concentrations determined using spectroscopy instrument. Results of this study showed that annual mean of Loosely-P, Fe-P, Al-P, Bioava.-P, Ca-P, TIP, Rese.-P and TP was obtained as 5.06±0.33, 55.11±2.52, 42.38±3.74, 102.52±5.68, 172.91±7.12, 275±9.12, 333.30±28.52 and 608±52 µg/g.dw, respectively. The results also showed that inorganic phophorous was less than organic phophorous during different seasons, however, mean percentage of residue-P containing organic compounds and non-degradable compounds was more than 50 percent. Percentage of Ca-P was higher than 60, whereas Bioava.-P was less than 40 percent. In addition, Fe-P and Loosely-P attained the maximum and minimum values, respectively, among the bioavailable phophorous. The order of different forms of phosphorous were recorded as Org-P〉Ca-P〉FeP〉Al-P〉Loosely-P. Annual mean of NH4/N, NO2/N, NO3/N, TIN, TON and TN were observed as 4.23±0.50, 0.06±0.01, 0.74±0.12, 5.02±0.53, 2.48±0.63 and 7.53±0.51 µg/g.dw, respectively. Annual percentage of TIN was two folds than TON and concentration of NH4/N was also four times than NO3/N. As a conclusion, the results revealed that main causes of Bioava.-P adsorption and desorption were temperature, Eh and pH. Also, the form of NH4+/N was of a high percentage because of anaerobic condition in the sediments. According to the high ratios of nitrogen/phosphorous of sediments to nitrogen and phosphorous of bottom water, it finds that released of those from the sediments to water will be happened with high rates. Therefore, it is expected that the establishment of fish farming cages should be carried out with more precautionary approaches which not leads to increased algae bloom.
    Schlagwort(e): Biology ; Chemistry ; Ecology ; Iran ; Caspian Sea ; Kelarabad ; Mazandaran coast ; Phophorous ; Nitrogen ; Surface sediment ; Determination ; Breeding
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  • 20
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    The production of all-female in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) using indirect feminization (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25767 | 18721 | 2018-10-13 08:03:37 | 25767 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publikationsdatum: 2021-07-16
    Beschreibung: The sex reversal technique in fish is widespread in many countries. The development of these techniques is desirable because rainbow trout males reach their gonad maturity earlier compared to the females. Rainbow trout alevins were treated with 17α-methyltestosterone incorporated in the diet (0.5. 1.5, 3, 6 and 10 mg/kg) for 60 days from the beginning of first feeding. Sex was determined at 180 and 680 dpf by sampling fish (n = 20) from each group and examining gross gonadal morphology under a dissecting microscope. Also sex reversal ratio and growth performance were determined in hormone-treated groups. These sex reversed functional males were reared for brood stock until they attained sexual maturity. At the end of experiment, normal rainbow trout eggs were fertilized with the sperms taken from sex reversed males for producing all-female populations. Examination of the results showed that 17α- methyltestosterone was effective in all treatment. The highest sex reversal ratio with 100% was observed in group treated with 0.5, 1.5 and 3 mg/kg 17α- methyltestosterone. The highest live weight ratios were observed in groups fed with 6, 0.5 17α-methyltestosterone and control group. Female progeny produced from the sex reversed males were 100 % in all males that sired offspring. All female trout stocks produced by this method have advantage in rainbow trout culture since the fish is not meant for direct human consumption and is used to generate brood stock, therefore, difference of growth parameters do not influence the success.
    Schlagwort(e): Aquaculture ; Biology ; Iran ; Sex differentiation ; Oncorhynchus mykiss ; Sex reversal ; Hormone treatment ; 17-αmethyltestosterone ; Female ; Population ; Steroids ; Gonad ; Maturity ; Rainbow trout ; Sexual
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  • 21
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    The feasibility commercialized study to produce vitamin and mineral premixes and binder from seaweed Sargassum ilicifolium for White leg shrimp (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25772 | 18721 | 2018-10-13 08:08:05 | 25772 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publikationsdatum: 2021-07-16
    Beschreibung: Seaweed belonged to baseborn marine plants with cell wall containing of valued polysaccharides such as Agar, Alginate, Limen sulfate and Carmine, used as food additives and in different industries. Base on previous studies, more than 1000 MT. of Sargassum seaweed withdraw from Oman Sea in Sistan and Baluchistan coastal line which can be collect, dried and powdered for using as supplement in shrimp feed. In this project, Sargassum ilicifolium collected from 6 coastal areas, rinsed, dried, powdered and measured the nutritional values in laboratory for surveying statistically. According to the high nutritional value of Tis coastal seaweed, this variety seaweed powder, replaced with protein resources (fish meal and Soy and Wheat) of white-leg shrimp feed which was formulated by Havorash feed factory of Boshehr in four treatments (A: as control without any replacement) B: with 5%, C: 10 % and D: 15% seaweed replacement, each with three replicates in order to obtain isonitrogenus 33% CP., and iso-caloric (13% fat and 15% carbohydrate) feed using winfeed software. The weighed milled ingredients were carefully mixed using a laboratory food mixer. The mixtures were primed with 30% hot water to yield a suitable pulp. Wet diets were made into 2 mm pellet size and dried at 40 °C in a drying cabinet and maintained in standard condition which was used for water stability and absorption capacity test of the pellets in sea water, statistically one way- ANOVA. The Tis coastal seaweed with 9.8% CP, 2% lipid and 23% carbohydrate had higher nutritional value compared to the other gathered seaweed. Also amino acid and fatty acid profiles, vitamins and minerals were measured in all seaweed samples each, with three replications. As result, for using Sargassum ilicifolium as vitamins and mineral premixes in white- leg shrimp feed, Zinc, Cobalt and Phenylalanine with dose of 1.1, 06.0 and 4.0 ml. 100% dried seaweed must be added respectively. The water stability of D feed treatment in seawater (98%) and C (97%) had statistical differences with A and B (95% stability) (P〈0.05). Water absorption capacity of feeds after one hour immersion in seawater showed significance difference between D (110%) and three others, C(100%), B(85% and control(80%) (P〈0.05). As final aim of this project, enriched product of this seaweed as minerals and vitamins supplements were handsel joinery in the Second Medicine Plant Festival, 2016 and registered in recording organization to give the final certificate.
    Schlagwort(e): Aquaculture ; Chemistry ; Iran ; Sargassum illicifolium ; Sargassum illicifolium ; Mineral and vitamins supplements ; Natural binder ; Litopenaeus vannamei ; Seaweed ; Vitamin ; White leg shrimp
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    Study of possibility of reproduction and mass culture of Nereis diversicolor (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25127 | 18721 | 2018-08-26 13:33:35 | 25127 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-07-16
    Beschreibung: The present study was firstly conducted to study the rate of sexual maturity in Nereis diversicolor under suitable conditions of temperature and photoperiod. The second objective was to determine the potential of artificial breeding in these worms for mass culture. Nereis diversicolor worms were collected from the Anzali lagoon in 4000 sampling operations during the year’s 2004 to 2006 using Ekman grab with a surface area of 400 cm2. The water salinity, temperature and total organic matter (TOM) of sediments in the sampling region was recorded. The worms were maintained in 0.5 tons (1 x 1 m^2) tanks containing clayey-muddy sediment to a height of 20 cm covered with 10 cm water (5 ‰) until they reached a weight of 200-300 mg. Sexual maturity in this species was attained at 4-6 ºC and spawning occurred at approximately 16 ºC. The first gametes were observed five weeks after the temperature increased from 6 to 16 ºC. Sexual maturity was studied at various salinities (0.5, 5, 12, and 15 ‰). Results indicate that these worms attained earlier sexual maturity at salinity of 15 ‰, compared to other salinities studied. No significant differences (P〉0.05) were observed between sexual maturity attained at 12 ‰ and 15 ‰. Stocking density (20, 50, 100, 150 worms) was studied in terms of sex and showed that number of females were higher than males and the ratio was 11:1 (female: male). No significant differences (P〉0.05) were observed between the various stocking densities and their replicates. The effect of light and photoperiod in synchronizing reproduction in male and female N. diversicolor was studied. It was evident that reproduction behavior in adult worms increased for a period of one week at the end of each month after they are exposed to a prolonged photoperiod (L:D=16:8) followed by a period of dim light (simulated using 1 W lamps). Feeding trials were carried out with Saccharomyces cerevisiae, formulated fish diets and humus. Results showed that this diet was effective in speeding up sexual maturity in worms and significant effect of treatment was observed (P〈0.05) in worms fed a diet of humus alone. Eggs and sperms were fertilized and worms developed from the young monotrochophore with jelly layer to the trochophore larvae.
    Schlagwort(e): Biology ; Iran ; Anzali Lagoon ; Reproduction ; Sexual Maturity ; Fertilization ; Nereis Diversicolor ; Culture ; Salinity ; Temperature ; Spawning ; Female ; Male ; Larvae ; Sacchromyces cerevisiae ; Density
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  • 23
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    Status of the tiger tooth croaker, Otolithes ruber (Schneider, 1801) and jinga shrimp, Metapenaeus affinis(H. Milne Edwards, 1837) stocks in Khouzestan coastal waters (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25404 | 18721 | 2018-09-20 12:28:18 | 25404 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-07-16
    Beschreibung: Population dynamics parameters and exploitation ratio of Jinga Shrimp, Metapenaeus affinis were studied from Sep 2011 to Dec 2011 and data collected from two landing places (Hendijan and Lifee-Bosif). During the project, more than 2200 specimens of jinga shrimp were measured. The mean value of length for the male and female were calculated as 9.8±0.86, 10.24±1.18 and mean value of weight for the male and female was as 6.730±1.64, 8.14±2.90 respectively. The length-weight relation were calculated as TW=0.024TL2.24 (n=1084,R^2=0.71) for males, TW=0.011TL2.80 (n=1081,R^2= 0.81) for females also we found significant different level length-weight relation in P〈0.05. The growth parameters of von Bertalanffy equation were as, L_∞: 14.73 and K: 1.1 and t0: -0.02. The estimated valve of total mortality, natural mortality, fishing mortality and exploitation ratio is Z: 4.35, M: 1.68, F: 2.67, E: 0.61 respectively. By using method analyses knife-edge selection, relative yield per recruitment (Y'/R) :0.014, relative biomass per recruitment, (B'/R) :0.085., Exploitation ratio maximum sustainable yield, Emax : 0.38; biological reference points for Jinga Shrimp stock was calculated. MSY and fmsy value was 600T and 46100day respectively. Result in this study showed exploitation ratio Jinga Shrimp stock is over fishing and decreases exploitation ratio proposed.
    Schlagwort(e): Aquaculture ; Iran ; Khuzestan province ; Jinga Shrimp ; Population ; Dynamics ; Exploitation ; Tiger tooth Croaker ; Otolithes ruber ; Metapenaeus affinis ; Population ; Male ; Female ; Mortality ; Coastal waters
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  • 24
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    Study of some biological characteristics of golden grey mullet (Liza aurata) in Iranian Coastal waters of the Caspian Sea (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25184 | 18721 | 2018-09-03 17:16:24 | 25184 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-07-16
    Beschreibung: During last 65 years the catch of mullets had increasing trends with some fluctuations in the Iranian coastal water of the Caspian Sea .In this period about 138 thousand tons of mullets have been caught. Mullet’s account for 35% of total catch annually .In recent years species composition of mullets has chanched in the Iranian coastal water of the Caspian Sea and catch composition of golden grey mullet increased from 76% in 1995 to 98% in 2006. In this survey some biological characteristics of golden grey mullet have been studied in Iranian coastal water of the Caspian Sea .Fish samples have been gathered from commercial catch of beach seine cooperatives monthly in Iranian coastal water of the Caspian Sea over 2006 and 2007. In the laboratory fishes have been measured biometrically and biological parameters have been calculated .Also catch statistics of mullets during 2006-2007 have been obtained and discussed. Results showed that the catch of mullets in beach seine cooperatives during 2006 and 2007 was 4181 and 3685 tons respectively that golden grey mullet contribute 99% and 98% of the catch composition of mullets respectively. Length range of golden grey mullet caught by beach seine cooperatives was 19-50.2 cm with mean length of 32.7 ± 6.4 (± SD) and weight range was 67-1475 gr with mean weight of 411 ± 255 gr. The age structure of this species was comprised 2-10 years old fish with mean age of 4.42 years old. In this survey totally the sex ratio of male: female of golden grey mullet was 356: 434 that was significant variation from equal sex ratio. Pick of the spawning in Guilan province was in October and in Mazandaran and Golestan provinces was in November. In October the proportion of spawning females declined from western area (Guilan province) towards eastern parts (Golestan province).The highest proportion of spawning females was in December in Golestan province. The highest GSI index value was observed in September and October and it was decreased in November and December and it was consistent during January till April. The mean absolute fecundity was 700881±429987 eggs with minimum and maximum fecundity of 200112 and 2282862 eggs respectively. The Lm 50% for female golden grey mullet was calculated as 33.6 cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Biology ; Iran ; Caspian Sea ; Golestan province ; Guilan province ; Golden grey mullet ; Liza aurata ; Species ; Survey ; Samples ; Male ; Female ; Sex ratio ; Spawning ; GSI ; Fecundity ; Coastal waters
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  • 25
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    Artificial propagation and Culture of Rutilus frisii kutum of Autumn form for restocking (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25202 | 18721 | 2018-09-05 16:22:51 | 25202 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-07-16
    Beschreibung: The Kutum, Rutilus frisii kutum, is one of the most important bony fishes in Iranian coastal of Caspian Sea. Its harvest range is between 9000-10000 tons in a year, nearly 60% of the income of Bony fish fishery produced by kutum fishery. The stock of this species reduced drastically in 1982 and the catch slumped to the less than 250 tons in a year. Kutum spawning grounds deterioration, illegal catch, and lack of restocking program were the main cause of the decline. This Spices in nature comprised by two distinct form, autumn and spring form. It is worth to be mentioned, by the effect of Caspian Sea Bony fishes Research Center s experts in 1983, artificial spawning and releasing the fries to the sea were commenced and the catch steadily improved. But all activities concerning restocking of kutum concentrated in spring form, as at present about 260 million its fries are released into sea for restocking by Iranian Fisheries Organization, but for above reasons and lack of restocking program, the populations of autumn form gravely shrinked and neared to be extinct. Therefore, to enhance the biodiversity and boost fishers livelihood of kutum in Caspian Sea this project implemented by cooperation of Iranian Fisheries Organization (IFRO) and Caspian Environment Program (CEP) in Aquaculture Institute (Inland Waters). In this project, brooders caught from Anzali lagoon and maintained in two different condition, include of floating cages in Anzali lagoon and earthen ponds in Sefidrud Fisheries Research Station. The results showed that there weren’t significant differences between two maintenance statuses in maturation period and other reproductive characteristics of brooders. The ratio of male to female was 1 to 1.4. Minimum and maximum weight measured 1450 to 3100 g (with average of 1850 g) in female and 670 to 1900 g (with average of 1165 g) in male, respectively. The first natural spawning of brooders occurred in the end of January in temperature of 8 till 10 °C in concrete ponds. Also, some of maintained brooders in earthen ponds spawned in February. The average number of absolute, function and relative fecundity determined 88565 16809, 73805 14008 and 48670 12056, respectively. For artificial spawning, male and female brooders injected by pituitary gland with dose of 2-3 and 4-5 mg/kg body weight, respectively. Approximately, 10 and 8 present of female were over-ripe and immature in March (artificial spawning time), respectively. More than 59 % of injected female brooders induced to spawning in first stage after 10-12 hours and 13 % of them in twice stage and 7-8 hours after first stage. And also, 27.6% of females didn’t positive response to injection. Dry method used for eggs fecundity and incubation period lasted 7- 10 days in 14-16 °C. In totally, eggs fertilization were more than 95% and the average of eggs fertilization percent in throughout of period measured more than 92.7 6 %. Eyed eggs appearance occurred 3 days after fecundity and its mean was 92.7 15.1%. Larvae after yolk sac absorption feed with dry milk for 4-5 days and then introduced into fertilized earthen ponds (500 m2 and equipped to aerators) in intensive condition and fed with micro pellet food for 3-4 month. In finally, more than 1.8 million fries of 1-2 g and some more than 5 g produced and released into Anzali lagoon to its restocking for first time. It is expected that continuing of restocking process of autumn form kutum by Iranian Fisheries Organization eventuate to population increasing of this form in Caspian Sea in future.
    Schlagwort(e): Aquaculture ; Iran ; Caspian Sea ; Anzali Lagoon ; Sefidrud River ; Artificial propagation ; Culture ; Rutilus frisii kutum ; Kutum ; Bony Fish ; Fishery ; Spawning ; Biodiversity ; Aquaculture ; Brooders ; Fecundity ; Male ; Female ; Population
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    Study on the possibility of producing low-fat spread using gelatin extracted from cultured carp wastes (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25580 | 18721 | 2018-10-07 10:35:48 | 25580 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-07-16
    Beschreibung: By-products consist of more than half of the total weight of fish. Most part of these wastes made from connective tissue proteins that provide good potential to produce gelatin. Nowadays, consumers are more health conscious and have responded to the call for a diet that contains low calorie and low fat. This work involved the characterization of a low-fat spread made of fish gelatin as gelling agent, emulsifier and fat replacer. Six treatments with Fish gelatin (FG) to pectin ratio 1:1 and 2:1, with pectin concentration of 1, 2 and 3%, were produced and evaluated for quality changes and storage-life at refrigerated storage. The results showed that prepared emulsions were physically stable and no phase separation observed during 8 wks. The pH of treatments was 4.5 to 4.9. The moisture content of treatments varied from 68.9% for T1 (FG/pectin ratio 1:1) to 65.4% for T6 (FG/pectin ratio 6:3). The Max. lipid of samples was measured 28.4%. Max. and min. protein of samples were 3.8% for T6 and 1.6% for T2 (FG/pectin ratio 2:1), respectively. No significant differences (p≥0.05) were observed between ash content of all treatments and control (commercial margarin). The acidity of treatments increased during storage and were significantly different from production day (p≤0.05). Peroxide value (PV) of treatments increased significantly at refrigerated storage. No significant differences were observed between PV of treatments during different wks of sampling. The results of texture profile analysis showed that firmness, compressibility and adhesiveness properties were significantly increase with higher substitution of FG with pectin. Color, Aroma, Taste and texture properties of prepared samples were found to significantly lower than control, according to sensory evaluation. Significant increases were observed in mold/yeast and psychrophilic count of treatments during storage. The macroscopic growth of molds was observed on all samples in 8th wks. No coliform growth was observed in all treatments at any time. Results suggest that low-fat spread properties were significantly influenced by different ratios of fish gelatin and pectin incorporated. It seems that these results can provide new opportunities to develop market with introducing novel products to response consumer demands. Some quality defects observed in this study can be improved by using suitable machinery at industrial scale.
    Schlagwort(e): Biology ; Chemistry ; Iran ; Fish gelatin ; Low-fat spread ; Fish wastes ; Quality characterictics ; Texture profile ; Shelf-life ; Refrigerated temperature ; Cultured Carp ; Diet ; Lipid
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  • 27
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    Production of artificial diets and determination of their effects as alone and combination with natural wet diet on female western white shrimp broodstock maturation (Litopenaeus vannamei) (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25801 | 18721 | 2018-10-13 08:37:23 | 25801 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-07-16
    Beschreibung: Due to the usefulness of shrimp broodstock pelleted diets, from aspects of, easier maintenance, transportation, broodstock feeding, and cheaper as compared to natural wet diets, the use of natural wet foods, include sand worm (Perinereis nuntica), cattle fish )Sepia pharaonis) and veal livier decreased and the quantity of pelleted diet increased. Survey was conducted, in tankes with a volume of 300 liters. Tanks were filled with 150 liters of water. 10 broodstock in each tank was left, with an average weight of 37±2 grams. Daily feeding rate, was twenty-five percent of their biomass. The survey was include, 9 treatments with 3 replicates in each tank as described below. Control treatment: broodstock feeding only with, sand worm (33%), cattle fish (34%) and bull livier (33%). Exprimental treatment 1: broodstock feeding with pelleted diet contain 50 percent crude protein and 8 percent crude fat (50%)+sand worm (16 %)+cattle fish (18%)+veal livier (16%). Treatment 2: broodstock feeding with pelleted diet contain 50 percent crude protein and 10 percent crude fat (50 %)+sand worm (16 %)+cattle fish (18%) and veal livier (16%). Treatment 3: broodstock feeding with pelleted diet contain 40 percent crude protein and 10 percent crude fat (50%)+sand worm (16 %)+cattle fish (18 %) and veal livier (16 %). Treatment 4: broodstock feeding with pelleted diet contain 40 percent crude protein and 8 percent crude fat (50 %)+sand worm (16 %)+cattle fish (18 %) and veal livier (16 %). Treatment 5: broodstock feeding with pelleted diet contain 50 percent crude protein and 10 percent crude fat (100 %). Treatment 6: broodstock feeding with pelleted diet contain 50 percent crude protein and 8 percent crude fat (100 %). Treatment 7: broodstock feeding with pelleted diet contain 40 percent crude protein and 10 percent crude fat (100 %). Treatment 8: broodstock feeding with pelleted diet contain 40 percent crude protein and 8 percent crude fat (100%). The results showed that, Gonadosomatic index (GSI) in treatments 3: control and 6, was significantly more than others treatments (p〈0.05). Hepatosomatic indexes, in often treatments was almost equal, and in some cases were significantly different (p〈0.05). In treatments 3 and control, absolute fecundity, was significantly more than others treatment (p〈0.05). The survival percent, in treatment 8 was significantly less than others treatments (p〈0.05). The survival percent in others treatments was not significantly difference (p〉0.05). From the aspect of mean weight of broodstock, wasn’t significant difference in treatments (p〉0.05). From the aspect of mean length of carapac, wasn’t significant difference in treatments (p〉0.05). From the aspect of mean body length, wasn’t significant difference in often treatments (p〉0.05), and in treatments 5 and 6 was significantly less than others (p〈0.05). In the determination of relasheship between kind of treatments and abundance of maturated broodsock, wasn’t significantly difference (p〉0.05). In the determination of, correlation between weight (g) and total length(cm), (r=0.71), weight and carapace length (cm) (r=0.70), the correlation was strong. Between GSI, HIS, carapace length and total length the correlation was intermediate (r=0.54). The correlation between absolutely fecundity and total length (r=0.20), absolutely fecundity and carapace length (r=0.28), absolutely fecundity and weight (r=0.35) was weak. The results showed that, the use of combination of pelleted diet and natural wet diets can increase female maturation indexes. Totally we can noted that, GSI, HIS and absolute fecundity of broodstock, that fed with pelleted diet contain 40 percent crude protein and 10 percent crude fat (50 %)+sand worm (16 %)+cattle fish (18 %) and veal livier (16 %) (treatment 3) was better than the other treatments. Positive effects of this treatnent on sexual indexes, was due to provide part of nutritional requirement of shrimp broodstock from pelleted diet.
    Schlagwort(e): Aquaculture ; Iran ; Natural wet diet ; Pelleted diets ; Maturation ; Male ; Female ; Western white shrimp ; Artifitial diets ; Broodstock ; Litopenaeus vannamei
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    Demonstration of genetic exchange during cyclical development of Leishmania in the sand fly vector (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-04-11
    Beschreibung: Genetic exchange has not been shown to be a mechanism underlying the extensive diversity of Leishmania parasites. We report here evidence that the invertebrate stages of Leishmania are capable of having a sexual cycle consistent with a meiotic process like that described for African trypanosomes. Hybrid progeny were generated that bore full genomic complements from both parents, but kinetoplast DNA maxicircles from one parent. Mating occurred only in the sand fly vector, and hybrids were transmitted to the mammalian host by sand fly bite. Genetic exchange likely contributes to phenotypic diversity in natural populations, and analysis of hybrid progeny will be useful for positional cloning of the genes controlling traits such as virulence, tissue tropism, and drug resistance.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2729066/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2729066/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Akopyants, Natalia S -- Kimblin, Nicola -- Secundino, Nagila -- Patrick, Rachel -- Peters, Nathan -- Lawyer, Phillip -- Dobson, Deborah E -- Beverley, Stephen M -- Sacks, David L -- A1020941/PHS HHS/ -- A1029646/PHS HHS/ -- R01 AI029646/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI029646-20/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- Intramural NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Apr 10;324(5924):265-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1169464.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19359589" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Antiprotozoal Agents/pharmacology ; DNA, Kinetoplast/genetics ; DNA, Protozoan/analysis/genetics ; Drug Resistance ; Female ; Genes, Protozoan ; *Hybridization, Genetic ; Insect Vectors/*parasitology ; Leishmania major/drug effects/*genetics/*growth & development/pathogenicity ; Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/parasitology ; Meiosis ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phenotype ; Phlebotomus/*parasitology ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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    The transcriptional repressor DEC2 regulates sleep length in mammals (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2009-08-15
    Beschreibung: Sleep deprivation can impair human health and performance. Habitual total sleep time and homeostatic sleep response to sleep deprivation are quantitative traits in humans. Genetic loci for these traits have been identified in model organisms, but none of these potential animal models have a corresponding human genotype and phenotype. We have identified a mutation in a transcriptional repressor (hDEC2-P385R) that is associated with a human short sleep phenotype. Activity profiles and sleep recordings of transgenic mice carrying this mutation showed increased vigilance time and less sleep time than control mice in a zeitgeber time- and sleep deprivation-dependent manner. These mice represent a model of human sleep homeostasis that provides an opportunity to probe the effect of sleep on human physical and mental health.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2884988/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2884988/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉He, Ying -- Jones, Christopher R -- Fujiki, Nobuhiro -- Xu, Ying -- Guo, Bin -- Holder, Jimmy L Jr -- Rossner, Moritz J -- Nishino, Seiji -- Fu, Ying-Hui -- HL059596/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- MH074924/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL059596/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL059596-09/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):866-70. doi: 10.1126/science.1174443.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurology, University of California at San Francisco, Mission Bay, 1550 Fourth Street, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19679812" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Activity Cycles/genetics ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Amino Acid Substitution ; Animals ; Animals, Genetically Modified ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/chemistry/*genetics/physiology ; Child ; Circadian Rhythm/genetics ; Drosophila/genetics ; Electroencephalography ; Electromyography ; Female ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Mice, Transgenic ; Middle Aged ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Pedigree ; Point Mutation ; Sleep/*genetics/physiology ; Sleep Deprivation ; Sleep, REM/genetics/physiology ; Transcription Factors/chemistry/genetics/physiology ; Wakefulness
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Proteins in motion. Introduction (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-04-11
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vinson, Valda J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Apr 10;324(5924):197. doi: 10.1126/science.324.5924.197.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19359575" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Evolution, Molecular ; Motion ; Protein Conformation ; Proteins/*chemistry/*physiology ; Signal Transduction ; Thermodynamics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    The Fanconi anemia pathway promotes replication-dependent DNA interstrand cross-link repair (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-12-08
    Beschreibung: Fanconi anemia is a human cancer predisposition syndrome caused by mutations in 13 Fanc genes. The disorder is characterized by genomic instability and cellular hypersensitivity to chemicals that generate DNA interstrand cross-links (ICLs). A central event in the activation of the Fanconi anemia pathway is the mono-ubiquitylation of the FANCI-FANCD2 complex, but how this complex confers ICL resistance remains enigmatic. Using a cell-free system, we showed that FANCI-FANCD2 is required for replication-coupled ICL repair in S phase. Removal of FANCD2 from extracts inhibits both nucleolytic incisions near the ICL and translesion DNA synthesis past the lesion. Reversal of these defects requires ubiquitylated FANCI-FANCD2. Our results show that multiple steps of the essential S-phase ICL repair mechanism fail when the Fanconi anemia pathway is compromised.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2909596/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2909596/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Knipscheer, Puck -- Raschle, Markus -- Smogorzewska, Agata -- Enoiu, Milica -- Ho, The Vinh -- Scharer, Orlando D -- Elledge, Stephen J -- Walter, Johannes C -- GM62267/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM062267/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM062267-09/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R37 GM044664/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R37 GM044664-23/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- T32CA09216/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Dec 18;326(5960):1698-701. doi: 10.1126/science.1182372. Epub 2009 Nov 12.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19965384" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Cell-Free System ; Chromatin/metabolism ; DNA/biosynthesis ; DNA Damage ; *DNA Repair ; *DNA Replication ; Fanconi Anemia/genetics/metabolism ; Fanconi Anemia Complementation Group D2 Protein/*metabolism ; Fanconi Anemia Complementation Group Proteins/*metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Recombinant Proteins/metabolism ; S Phase ; Signal Transduction ; Ubiquitinated Proteins/metabolism ; Ubiquitination ; Xenopus Proteins/*metabolism ; Xenopus laevis
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Polymorphic butterfly reveals the missing link in ecological speciation (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-11-07
    Beschreibung: Ecological speciation occurs when ecologically based, divergent selection causes the evolution of reproductive isolation. There are many empirical examples of this process; however, there exists a poorly characterized stage during which the traits that distinguish species ecologically and reproductively segregate in a single population. By using a combination of genetic mapping, mate-choice experiments, field observations, and population genetics, we studied a butterfly population with a mimetic wing color polymorphism and found that the butterflies exhibited partial, color-based, assortative mate preference. These traits represent the divergent, ecologically based signal and preference components of sexual isolation that usually distinguish incipient and sibling species. The association between behavior and recognition trait in a single population may enhance the probability of speciation and provides an example of the missing link between an interbreeding population and isolated species.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2875868/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2875868/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chamberlain, Nicola L -- Hill, Ryan I -- Kapan, Durrell D -- Gilbert, Lawrence E -- Kronforst, Marcus R -- GM068763/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P50 GM068763/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P50 GM068763-06/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Nov 6;326(5954):847-50. doi: 10.1126/science.1179141.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Faculty of Arts and Sciences Center for Systems Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19892982" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis ; Animals ; Butterflies/anatomy & histology/*genetics/*physiology ; Color ; Ecosystem ; Female ; Genes, Insect ; Genetic Linkage ; *Genetic Speciation ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; Male ; *Mating Preference, Animal ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phenotype ; *Pigmentation/genetics ; *Polymorphism, Genetic ; Reproduction ; Selection, Genetic ; Wings, Animal/*anatomy & histology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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    Flexible learning of multiple speech structures in bilingual infants (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-07-11
    Beschreibung: Children acquire their native language according to a well-defined time frame. Surprisingly, although children raised in bilingual environments have to learn roughly twice as much about language as their monolingual peers, the speed of acquisition is comparable in monolinguals and bilinguals. Here, we show that preverbal 12-month-old bilingual infants have become more flexible at learning speech structures than monolinguals. When given the opportunity to simultaneously learn two different regularities, bilingual infants learned both, whereas monolinguals learned only one of them. Hence, bilinguals may acquire two languages in the time in which monolinguals acquire one because they quickly become more flexible learners.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kovacs, Agnes Melinda -- Mehler, Jacques -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Jul 31;325(5940):611-2. doi: 10.1126/science.1173947. Epub 2009 Jul 9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati-SISSA, Via Beirut 4, 34014 Trieste, Italy. agneskovacs@mtapi.hu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19589962" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Child Language ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; *Language Development ; *Learning ; Male ; *Multilingualism ; *Speech Perception
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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    Recruitment of an area involved in eye movements during mental arithmetic (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-05-09
    Beschreibung: Throughout the history of mathematics, concepts of number and space have been tightly intertwined. We tested the hypothesis that cortical circuits for spatial attention contribute to mental arithmetic in humans. We trained a multivariate classifier algorithm to infer the direction of an eye movement, left or right, from the brain activation measured in the posterior parietal cortex. Without further training, the classifier then generalized to an arithmetic task. Its left versus right classification could be used to sort out subtraction versus addition trials, whether performed with symbols or with sets of dots. These findings are consistent with the suggestion that mental arithmetic co-opts parietal circuitry associated with spatial coding.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Knops, Andre -- Thirion, Bertrand -- Hubbard, Edward M -- Michel, Vincent -- Dehaene, Stanislas -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Jun 19;324(5934):1583-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1171599. Epub 2009 May 7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉INSERM, Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France. knops.andre@gmail.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19423779" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Eye Movements/*physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; *Mathematics ; Mental Processes/*physiology ; Parietal Lobe/*physiology ; Recruitment, Neurophysiological
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 35
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    Platelets kill intraerythrocytic malarial parasites and mediate survival to infection (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-02-07
    Beschreibung: Platelets play a critical role in the pathogenesis of malarial infections by encouraging the sequestration of infected red blood cells within the cerebral vasculature. But platelets also have well-established roles in innate protection against microbial infections. We found that purified human platelets killed Plasmodium falciparum parasites cultured in red blood cells. Inhibition of platelet function by aspirin and other platelet inhibitors abrogated the lethal effect human platelets exert on P. falciparum parasites. Likewise, platelet-deficient and aspirin-treated mice were more susceptible to death during erythrocytic infection with Plasmodium chabaudi. Both mouse and human platelets bind malarial-infected red cells and kill the parasite within. These results indicate a protective function for platelets in the early stages of erythrocytic infection distinct from their role in cerebral malaria.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McMorran, Brendan J -- Marshall, Vikki M -- de Graaf, Carolyn -- Drysdale, Karen E -- Shabbar, Meriam -- Smyth, Gordon K -- Corbin, Jason E -- Alexander, Warren S -- Foote, Simon J -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Feb 6;323(5915):797-800. doi: 10.1126/science.1166296.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Menzies Research Institute, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 23, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia. brendan.mcmorran@utas.edu.au〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19197068" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adenosine Diphosphate/metabolism ; Animals ; Aspirin/pharmacology ; Blood Platelets/metabolism/*physiology ; Erythrocytes/*parasitology ; Female ; Humans ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Malaria/*blood/immunology/*parasitology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Plasmodium chabaudi/*growth & development ; Plasmodium falciparum/*growth & development ; Platelet Activation ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Platelet Count ; Receptors, Purinergic P2/metabolism ; Receptors, Purinergic P2Y1 ; Receptors, Thrombopoietin/genetics
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 36
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    Basin-scale coherence in phenology of shrimps and phytoplankton in the North Atlantic Ocean (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-05-09
    Beschreibung: Climate change could lead to mismatches between the reproductive cycles of marine organisms and their planktonic food. We tested this hypothesis by comparing shrimp (Pandalus borealis) egg hatching times and satellite-derived phytoplankton bloom dynamics throughout the North Atlantic. At large spatial and long temporal (10 years or longer) scales, hatching was correlated with the timing of the spring phytoplankton bloom. Annual egg development and hatching times were determined locally by bottom water temperature. We conclude that different populations of P. borealis have adapted to local temperatures and bloom timing, matching egg hatching to food availability under average conditions. This strategy is vulnerable to interannual oceanographic variability and long-term climatic changes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Koeller, P -- Fuentes-Yaco, C -- Platt, T -- Sathyendranath, S -- Richards, A -- Ouellet, P -- Orr, D -- Skuladottir, U -- Wieland, K -- Savard, L -- Aschan, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 May 8;324(5928):791-3. doi: 10.1126/science.1170987.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Post Office Box 1006, Dartmouth, B2Y 4A2 Nova Scotia, Canada. koellerp@mar.dfo-mpo.gc.ca〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19423827" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Atlantic Ocean ; Climate ; *Cold Temperature ; *Ecosystem ; Female ; Ovum/growth & development/physiology ; Pandalidae/*physiology ; Phytoplankton/*physiology ; Population Dynamics ; Reproduction ; Seasons ; *Seawater
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Scientific publishing. Paper retracted following genome data breach (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-09-19
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, Constance -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Sep 18;325(5947):1486-7. doi: 10.1126/science.325_1486a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19762616" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Access to Information ; *Databases, Genetic ; Female ; Homeodomain Proteins/genetics ; Humans ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Publishing/*standards ; *Retraction of Publication as Topic ; Substance-Related Disorders/genetics ; Transcription Factors/genetics ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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    Hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy with a lentiviral vector in X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-11-07
    Beschreibung: X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is a severe brain demyelinating disease in boys that is caused by a deficiency in ALD protein, an adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporter encoded by the ABCD1 gene. ALD progression can be halted by allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). We initiated a gene therapy trial in two ALD patients for whom there were no matched donors. Autologous CD34+ cells were removed from the patients, genetically corrected ex vivo with a lentiviral vector encoding wild-type ABCD1, and then re-infused into the patients after they had received myeloablative treatment. Over a span of 24 to 30 months of follow-up, we detected polyclonal reconstitution, with 9 to 14% of granulocytes, monocytes, and T and B lymphocytes expressing the ALD protein. These results strongly suggest that hematopoietic stem cells were transduced in the patients. Beginning 14 to 16 months after infusion of the genetically corrected cells, progressive cerebral demyelination in the two patients stopped, a clinical outcome comparable to that achieved by allogeneic HCT. Thus, lentiviral-mediated gene therapy of hematopoietic stem cells can provide clinical benefits in ALD.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cartier, Nathalie -- Hacein-Bey-Abina, Salima -- Bartholomae, Cynthia C -- Veres, Gabor -- Schmidt, Manfred -- Kutschera, Ina -- Vidaud, Michel -- Abel, Ulrich -- Dal-Cortivo, Liliane -- Caccavelli, Laure -- Mahlaoui, Nizar -- Kiermer, Veronique -- Mittelstaedt, Denice -- Bellesme, Celine -- Lahlou, Najiba -- Lefrere, Francois -- Blanche, Stephane -- Audit, Muriel -- Payen, Emmanuel -- Leboulch, Philippe -- l'Homme, Bruno -- Bougneres, Pierre -- Von Kalle, Christof -- Fischer, Alain -- Cavazzana-Calvo, Marina -- Aubourg, Patrick -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Nov 6;326(5954):818-23. doi: 10.1126/science.1171242.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉INSERM UMR745, University Paris-Descartes, 75279 Paris, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19892975" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters/*genetics ; Adrenoleukodystrophy/genetics/pathology/*therapy ; Animals ; Brain/pathology ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Lineage ; Child ; Disease Progression ; Fatty Acids/blood ; Female ; Gene Expression ; *Genetic Therapy ; *Genetic Vectors ; HIV-1/*genetics ; Hematopoiesis ; *Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/*physiology/virology ; Humans ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Microglia/cytology/metabolism ; Myeloablative Agonists/therapeutic use ; Transduction, Genetic ; Transplantation Conditioning ; Transplantation, Autologous ; Virus Integration
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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    Education. Science needs kids with vision (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-09-05
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, Constance -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Sep 4;325(5945):1190-1. doi: 10.1126/science.325_1190b.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19729624" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adolescent ; Aptitude Tests ; Child ; *Child, Gifted ; *Cognition ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Sex Characteristics ; *Space Perception
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 40
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    Function of mitochondrial Stat3 in cellular respiration (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-01-10
    Beschreibung: Cytokines such as interleukin-6 induce tyrosine and serine phosphorylation of Stat3 that results in activation of Stat3-responsive genes. We provide evidence that Stat3 is present in the mitochondria of cultured cells and primary tissues, including the liver and heart. In Stat3(-/-) cells, the activities of complexes I and II of the electron transport chain (ETC) were significantly decreased. We identified Stat3 mutants that selectively restored the protein's function as a transcription factor or its functions within the ETC. In mice that do not express Stat3 in the heart, there were also selective defects in the activities of complexes I and II of the ETC. These data indicate that Stat3 is required for optimal function of the ETC, which may allow it to orchestrate responses to cellular homeostasis.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2758306/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2758306/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wegrzyn, Joanna -- Potla, Ramesh -- Chwae, Yong-Joon -- Sepuri, Naresh B V -- Zhang, Qifang -- Koeck, Thomas -- Derecka, Marta -- Szczepanek, Karol -- Szelag, Magdalena -- Gornicka, Agnieszka -- Moh, Akira -- Moghaddas, Shadi -- Chen, Qun -- Bobbili, Santha -- Cichy, Joanna -- Dulak, Jozef -- Baker, Darren P -- Wolfman, Alan -- Stuehr, Dennis -- Hassan, Medhat O -- Fu, Xin-Yuan -- Avadhani, Narayan -- Drake, Jennifer I -- Fawcett, Paul -- Lesnefsky, Edward J -- Larner, Andrew C -- CA098924/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P01AG15885/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI059710/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI059710-03/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI059710-04/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA098924/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA098924-03/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA098924-04/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA098924-05/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Feb 6;323(5915):793-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1164551. Epub 2009 Jan 8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19131594" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; *Cell Respiration ; Cells, Cultured ; Electron Transport Complex I/metabolism ; Electron Transport Complex II/metabolism ; Homeostasis ; Mice ; Mitochondria/*metabolism ; Mitochondria, Heart/metabolism ; Mitochondria, Liver/metabolism ; Mitochondrial Membranes/metabolism ; NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases/metabolism ; Oxidative Phosphorylation ; Phosphorylation ; Precursor Cells, B-Lymphoid/metabolism ; STAT3 Transcription Factor/chemistry/*metabolism ; Serine/metabolism ; Signal Transduction
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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    Plant biology. Stressed out over a stress hormone (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-05-23
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pennisi, Elizabeth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 May 22;324(5930):1012-3. doi: 10.1126/science.324_1012.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19460982" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Abscisic Acid/*metabolism ; Arabidopsis/genetics/metabolism ; Arabidopsis Proteins/metabolism ; Genes, Plant ; Phosphoprotein Phosphatases/metabolism ; Plant Proteins/*metabolism ; Plants/genetics/*metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Signal Transduction ; Stress, Physiological
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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    High-throughput sequencing of the zebrafish antibody repertoire (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-05-09
    Beschreibung: Despite tremendous progress in understanding the nature of the immune system, the full diversity of an organism's antibody repertoire is unknown. We used high-throughput sequencing of the variable domain of the antibody heavy chain from 14 zebrafish to analyze VDJ usage and antibody sequence. Zebrafish were found to use between 50 and 86% of all possible VDJ combinations and shared a similar frequency distribution, with some correlation of VDJ patterns between individuals. Zebrafish antibodies retained a few thousand unique heavy chains that also exhibited a shared frequency distribution. We found evidence of convergence, in which different individuals made the same antibody. This approach provides insight into the breadth of the expressed antibody repertoire and immunological diversity at the level of an individual organism.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3086368/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3086368/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weinstein, Joshua A -- Jiang, Ning -- White, Richard A 3rd -- Fisher, Daniel S -- Quake, Stephen R -- DP1 OD000251/OD/NIH HHS/ -- DP1 OD000251-04/OD/NIH HHS/ -- DP1 OD000251-05/OD/NIH HHS/ -- DP1 OD000251-06/OD/NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 May 8;324(5928):807-10. doi: 10.1126/science.1170020.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Biophysics Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19423829" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Antibodies/genetics ; Antibody Diversity ; Base Sequence ; Complementarity Determining Regions/*genetics ; Computational Biology ; Female ; Gene Library ; *Genes, Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin Joining Region/genetics ; Immunoglobulin M/*genetics ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Recombination, Genetic ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; VDJ Exons ; Zebrafish/genetics/*immunology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Predicting elections: child's play! (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-03-03
    Beschreibung: In two experiments, children and adults rated pairs of faces from election races. Naive adults judged a pair on competence; after playing a game, children chose who they would prefer to be captain of their boat. Children's (as well as adults') preferences accurately predicted actual election outcomes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Antonakis, John -- Dalgas, Olaf -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Feb 27;323(5918):1183. doi: 10.1126/science.1167748.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Faculty of Business and Economics, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. john.antonakis@unil.ch〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19251621" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; *Choice Behavior ; *Face ; Female ; Forecasting ; Games, Experimental ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Physiognomy ; *Politics ; Probability ; Regression Analysis ; Young Adult
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    The subtle transmission of race bias via televised nonverbal behavior (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-12-19
    Beschreibung: Compared with more explicit racial slurs and statements, biased facial expressions and body language may resist conscious identification and thus produce a hidden social influence. In four studies, we show that race biases can be subtly transmitted via televised nonverbal behavior. Characters on 11 popular television shows exhibited more negative nonverbal behavior toward black than toward status-matched white characters. Critically, exposure to prowhite (versus problack) nonverbal bias increased viewers' bias even though patterns of nonverbal behavior could not be consciously reported. These findings suggest that hidden patterns of televised nonverbal behavior influence bias among viewers.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3764987/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3764987/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weisbuch, Max -- Pauker, Kristin -- Ambady, Nalini -- F32 MH078350/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- F32MH078350/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH070833/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH070833-02/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Dec 18;326(5960):1711-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1178358.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychology, Tufts University, 490 Boston Avenue, Medford, MA 02155, USA. max.weisbuch@tufts.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20019288" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *African Continental Ancestry Group ; Cues ; *European Continental Ancestry Group ; Facial Expression ; Female ; Humans ; Kinesics ; Male ; *Nonverbal Communication ; *Prejudice ; *Television ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    DICER1 mutations in familial pleuropulmonary blastoma (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-06-27
    Beschreibung: Pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB) is a rare pediatric lung tumor that is often part of an inherited cancer syndrome. PPBs consist of mesenchymal cells that are susceptible to malignant transformation and cysts lined by epithelial cells. In a subset of patients, overgrowth of the cysts by mesenchymal cells leads to sarcoma formation. Here, we show that 11 multiplex PPB families harbor heterozygous germline mutations in DICER1, a gene encoding an endoribonuclease critical to the generation of small noncoding regulatory RNAs. Expression of DICER1 protein was undetectable in the epithelial component of PPB tumors but was retained in the malignant mesenchyme (sarcoma). We hypothesize that loss of DICER1 in the epithelium of the developing lung alters the regulation of diffusible factors that promote mesenchymal proliferation.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3098036/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3098036/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hill, D Ashley -- Ivanovich, Jennifer -- Priest, John R -- Gurnett, Christina A -- Dehner, Louis P -- Desruisseau, David -- Jarzembowski, Jason A -- Wikenheiser-Brokamp, Kathryn A -- Suarez, Brian K -- Whelan, Alison J -- Williams, Gretchen -- Bracamontes, Dawn -- Messinger, Yoav -- Goodfellow, Paul J -- P30 CA091842/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P30 CA091842-07/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P30 CA091842-08/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA143167/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL109265/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- UL1 RR024992/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Aug 21;325(5943):965. doi: 10.1126/science.1174334. Epub 2009 Jun 25.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Washington University Medical Center, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. dashill@cnmc.org〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19556464" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): DEAD-box RNA Helicases/chemistry/*genetics ; Epithelium/metabolism ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; *Germ-Line Mutation ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/enzymology/*genetics/pathology ; Male ; Pedigree ; Pulmonary Blastoma/enzymology/*genetics/pathology ; Ribonuclease III/chemistry/*genetics
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Blue or red? Exploring the effect of color on cognitive task performances (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-02-07
    Beschreibung: Existing research reports inconsistent findings with regard to the effect of color on cognitive task performances. Some research suggests that blue or green leads to better performances than red; other studies record the opposite. Current work reconciles this discrepancy. We demonstrate that red (versus blue) color induces primarily an avoidance (versus approach) motivation (study 1, n = 69) and that red enhances performance on a detail-oriented task, whereas blue enhances performance on a creative task (studies 2 and 3, n = 208 and 118). Further, we replicate these results in the domains of product design (study 4, n = 42) and persuasive message evaluation (study 5, n = 161) and show that these effects occur outside of individuals' consciousness (study 6, n = 68). We also provide process evidence suggesting that the activation of alternative motivations mediates the effect of color on cognitive task performances.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mehta, Ravi -- Zhu, Rui Juliet -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Feb 27;323(5918):1226-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1169144. Epub 2009 Feb 5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Sauder School of Business, University of British Columbia, 2053 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z2, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19197022" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adolescent ; Adult ; *Cognition ; *Color ; Creativity ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; *Mental Processes ; Mental Recall ; Motivation ; *Task Performance and Analysis ; Young Adult
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Population structure mediates sexual conflict in water striders (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-11-07
    Beschreibung: Sexual conflict occurs when males and females act against each others' interest, typically resulting in selection favoring harmful males. We performed laboratory experiments on sexual conflict that both confined individuals in isolated groups, which prevents selection acting counter to this conflict, and provided more naturalistic multigroup population structures. We show that in water striders, aggressive male mating behavior was strongly favored within groups but not favored in a multigroup population when individuals can freely disperse among groups. These observations explain the persistence of less-aggressive males within natural populations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Eldakar, Omar Tonsi -- Dlugos, Michael J -- Pepper, John W -- Wilson, David Sloan -- 5 K12 GM000708/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- K12 GM000708/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Nov 6;326(5954):816. doi: 10.1126/science.1180183.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Insect Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19892974" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Aggression ; Animals ; Female ; Heteroptera/*physiology ; Male ; Mating Preference, Animal ; Population Dynamics ; *Sexual Behavior, Animal
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Neuroscience. Went fishing, caught a snake (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-09-12
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Meijer, Dies -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Sep 11;325(5946):1353-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1180103.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, ErasmusMC, 3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands. d.meijer@erasmusmc.nl〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19745142" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Cyclic AMP/*metabolism ; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Homeodomain Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Myelin Sheath/*physiology ; NF-kappa B/metabolism ; Octamer Transcription Factor-6/genetics/metabolism ; POU Domain Factors/genetics/metabolism ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/genetics/*metabolism ; Schwann Cells/*metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Zebrafish/genetics/*metabolism ; Zebrafish Proteins/genetics/*metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Harmonic convergence in the love songs of the dengue vector mosquito (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-01-10
    Beschreibung: The familiar buzz of flying mosquitoes is an important mating signal, with the fundamental frequency of the female's flight tone signaling her presence. In the yellow fever and dengue vector Aedes aegypti, both sexes interact acoustically by shifting their flight tones to match, resulting in a courtship duet. Matching is made not at the fundamental frequency of 400 hertz (female) or 600 hertz (male) but at a shared harmonic of 1200 hertz, which exceeds the previously known upper limit of hearing in mosquitoes. Physiological recordings from Johnston's organ (the mosquito's "ear") reveal sensitivity up to 2000 hertz, consistent with our observed courtship behavior. These findings revise widely accepted limits of acoustic behavior in mosquitoes.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2847473/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2847473/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cator, Lauren J -- Arthur, Ben J -- Harrington, Laura C -- Hoy, Ronald R -- R01 DC000103/DC/NIDCD NIH HHS/ -- R01 DC000103-34/DC/NIDCD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Feb 20;323(5917):1077-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1166541. Epub 2009 Jan 8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19131593" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Aedes/*physiology ; *Animal Communication ; Animals ; Auditory Perception ; Dengue/transmission ; Evoked Potentials ; Female ; Flight, Animal ; Hearing ; Insect Vectors/*physiology ; Male ; Pitch Perception ; Sense Organs/physiology ; *Sexual Behavior, Animal ; Wings, Animal/physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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    Innate and adaptive immunity cooperate flexibly to maintain host-microbiota mutualism (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-08-01
    Beschreibung: Commensal bacteria in the lower intestine of mammals are 10 times as numerous as the body's cells. We investigated the relative importance of different immune mechanisms in limiting the spread of the intestinal microbiota. Here, we reveal a flexible continuum between innate and adaptive immune function in containing commensal microbes. Mice deficient in critical innate immune functions such as Toll-like receptor signaling or oxidative burst production spontaneously produce high-titer serum antibodies against their commensal microbiota. These antibody responses are functionally essential to maintain host-commensal mutualism in vivo in the face of innate immune deficiency. Spontaneous hyper-activation of adaptive immunity against the intestinal microbiota, secondary to innate immune deficiency, may clarify the underlying mechanisms of inflammatory diseases where immune dysfunction is implicated.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3730530/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3730530/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Slack, Emma -- Hapfelmeier, Siegfried -- Stecher, Barbel -- Velykoredko, Yuliya -- Stoel, Maaike -- Lawson, Melissa A E -- Geuking, Markus B -- Beutler, Bruce -- Tedder, Thomas F -- Hardt, Wolf-Dietrich -- Bercik, Premysl -- Verdu, Elena F -- McCoy, Kathy D -- Macpherson, Andrew J -- AI56363/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- CA105001/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA105001/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- U19 AI056363/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Jul 31;325(5940):617-20. doi: 10.1126/science.1172747.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada. andrew.macpherson@insel.ch〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19644121" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Antibodies, Bacterial/biosynthesis/blood/*immunology ; Bacteremia/immunology/microbiology ; Bacteria/growth & development/*immunology/isolation & purification ; Bacterial Infections/immunology/microbiology ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Colony Count, Microbial ; Enterococcus faecalis/growth & development/immunology/isolation & purification ; Escherichia coli K12/growth & development/immunology/isolation & purification ; Germ-Free Life ; Immunity ; *Immunity, Innate ; Intestinal Mucosa/immunology/*microbiology ; Intestines/immunology/*microbiology ; Lymphoid Tissue/microbiology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Permeability ; Respiratory Burst ; Signal Transduction ; Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms ; Spleen/microbiology ; Toll-Like Receptors/genetics/*metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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    Neural mechanisms of a genome-wide supported psychosis variant (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-05-02
    Beschreibung: Schizophrenia is a devastating, highly heritable brain disorder of unknown etiology. Recently, the first common genetic variant associated on a genome-wide level with schizophrenia and possibly bipolar disorder was discovered in ZNF804A (rs1344706). We show, by using an imaging genetics approach, that healthy carriers of rs1344706 risk genotypes exhibit no changes in regional activity but pronounced gene dosage-dependent alterations in functional coupling (correlated activity) of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) across hemispheres and with hippocampus, mirroring findings in patients, and abnormal coupling of amygdala. Our findings establish disturbed connectivity as a neurogenetic risk mechanism for psychosis supported by genome-wide association, show that rs1344706 or variation in linkage disequilibrium is functional in human brain, and validate the intermediate phenotype strategy in psychiatry.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Esslinger, Christine -- Walter, Henrik -- Kirsch, Peter -- Erk, Susanne -- Schnell, Knut -- Arnold, Claudia -- Haddad, Leila -- Mier, Daniela -- Opitz von Boberfeld, Carola -- Raab, Kyeon -- Witt, Stephanie H -- Rietschel, Marcella -- Cichon, Sven -- Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 May 1;324(5927):605. doi: 10.1126/science.1167768.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, J5, 68159 Mannheim, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19407193" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Affective Symptoms/genetics/physiopathology ; Bipolar Disorder/genetics/physiopathology ; Brain Mapping ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Genotype ; Hippocampus/*physiology ; Humans ; Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors/*genetics ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Mental Processes ; Phenotype ; *Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Prefrontal Cortex/*physiology ; Schizophrenia/*genetics/physiopathology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Demography. Chinese men: a rising tide of troublemakers? (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-03-03
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, Constance -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Feb 27;323(5918):1166. doi: 10.1126/science.323.5918.1166.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19251607" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): China ; Crime ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; *Marriage ; *Sex Ratio ; *Social Problems
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    A gene necessary for reproductive suppression in termites (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-05-09
    Beschreibung: A major transition in evolution is the origin of a division between reproduction and work among individuals. Nowhere is this divide more striking than in social insects, where workers rarely produce offspring even though they are often capable of reproduction should the queen or king die. The molecular mechanisms that control worker reproduction remain largely unknown. We used a combination of behavioral assays and RNA interference (RNAi) to identify a gene required for the reproductive division of labor between the queen and the workers.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Korb, Judith -- Weil, Tobias -- Hoffmann, Katharina -- Foster, Kevin R -- Rehli, Michael -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 May 8;324(5928):758. doi: 10.1126/science.1170660.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Behavioral Biology, University of Osnabrueck, Barbarastrasse 11, D-49076 Osnabrueck, Germany. judith.korb@biologie.uni-osnabrueck.de〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19423819" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Behavior, Animal ; Evolution, Molecular ; Female ; *Genes ; Glycoside Hydrolases/*genetics/*metabolism ; Isoptera/enzymology/*genetics/*physiology ; RNA Interference ; Reproduction/genetics ; Social Behavior
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    IL-21R on T cells is critical for sustained functionality and control of chronic viral infection (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-05-30
    Beschreibung: Chronic viral infection is often associated with the dysfunction of virus-specific T cells. Our studies using Il21r-deficient (Il21r-/-) mice now suggest that interleukin-21 (IL-21) is critical for the long-term maintenance and functionality of CD8+ T cells and the control of chronic lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection in mice. Cell-autonomous IL-21 receptor (IL-21R)-dependent signaling by CD8+ T cells was required for sustained cell proliferation and cytokine production during chronic infection. Il21r-/- mice showed normal CD8+ T cell expansion, effector function, memory homeostasis, and recall responses during acute and after resolved infection with several other nonpersistent viruses. These data suggest that IL-21R signaling is required for the maintenance of polyfunctional T cells during chronic viral infections and have implications for understanding the immune response to other persisting antigens, such as tumors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Frohlich, Anja -- Kisielow, Jan -- Schmitz, Iwana -- Freigang, Stefan -- Shamshiev, Abdijapar T -- Weber, Jacqueline -- Marsland, Benjamin J -- Oxenius, Annette -- Kopf, Manfred -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Jun 19;324(5934):1576-80. doi: 10.1126/science.1172815. Epub 2009 May 28.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, Switzerland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19478140" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Immunologic Memory ; Interferon-gamma/biosynthesis ; Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis/*immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Peptide Fragments/biosynthesis ; Receptors, Interleukin-21/*immunology ; Signal Transduction
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    Altered heterochromatin binding by a hybrid sterility protein in Drosophila sibling species (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-11-26
    Beschreibung: Hybrid sterility of the heterogametic sex is one of the first postzygotic reproductive barriers to evolve during speciation, yet the molecular basis of hybrid sterility is poorly understood. We show that the hybrid male sterility gene Odysseus-site homeobox (OdsH) encodes a protein that localizes to evolutionarily dynamic loci within heterochromatin and leads to their decondensation. In Drosophila mauritiana x Drosophila simulans male hybrids, OdsH from D. mauritiana (OdsHmau) acts as a sterilizing factor by associating with the heterochromatic Y chromosome of D. simulans, whereas D. simulans OdsH (OdsHsim) does not. Characterization of sterile hybrid testes revealed that OdsH abundance and localization in the premeiotic phases of spermatogenesis differ between species. These results reveal that rapid heterochromatin evolution affects the onset of hybrid sterility.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2987944/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2987944/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bayes, Joshua J -- Malik, Harmit S -- R01 GM074108/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM074108-05/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01-GM74108/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM07270/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Dec 11;326(5959):1538-41. doi: 10.1126/science.1181756. Epub .〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98185, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19933102" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Animals, Genetically Modified ; Chromosomes/metabolism/physiology ; Crosses, Genetic ; DNA, Satellite/*metabolism ; Drosophila/genetics/*physiology ; Drosophila Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Female ; Fertility ; G2 Phase ; Genetic Speciation ; Heterochromatin/*metabolism ; Homeodomain Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Hybridization, Genetic ; Male ; Meiosis ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; Spermatocytes/cytology/metabolism ; Spermatogenesis ; Testis/metabolism ; X Chromosome/metabolism ; Y Chromosome/*metabolism/physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    Cell biology. Connecting organelles (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-07-25
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wiedemann, Nils -- Meisinger, Chris -- Pfanner, Nikolaus -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Jul 24;325(5939):403-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1178016.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institut fur Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, Zentrum fur Biochemie und Molekulare Zellforschung and Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Universitat Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19628848" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Endoplasmic Reticulum/*physiology/ultrastructure ; Membrane Proteins/genetics/*physiology ; Mitochondria/*physiology/ultrastructure ; Mitochondrial Proteins/genetics/*physiology ; Signal Transduction ; Yeasts
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 57
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    A frazzled/DCC-dependent transcriptional switch regulates midline axon guidance (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-03-28
    Beschreibung: Precise wiring of the nervous system depends on coordinating the action of conserved families of proteins that direct axons to their appropriate targets. Slit-roundabout repulsion and netrin-deleted in colorectal cancer (DCC) (frazzled) attraction must be tightly regulated to control midline axon guidance in vertebrates and invertebrates, but the mechanism mediating this regulation is poorly defined. Here, we show that the Fra receptor has two genetically separable functions in regulating midline guidance in Drosophila. First, Fra mediates canonical chemoattraction in response to netrin, and, second, it functions independently of netrin to activate commissureless transcription, allowing attraction to be coupled to the down-regulation of repulsion in precrossing commissural axons.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4078765/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4078765/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yang, Long -- Garbe, David S -- Bashaw, Greg J -- NS046333/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS054739/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS046333/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS046333-07/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS054739/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS054739-03/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 May 15;324(5929):944-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1171320. Epub 2009 Mar 26.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 1113 BRB2/3, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19325078" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Axons/*physiology ; Drosophila Proteins/*genetics/metabolism ; Drosophila melanogaster/embryology/*genetics/metabolism ; *Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Membrane Proteins/*genetics/metabolism ; Mutation ; Nerve Growth Factors/metabolism ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Nervous System/embryology/growth & development ; Neurons/*physiology ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics/*metabolism ; Receptors, Immunologic/genetics ; Signal Transduction ; Transcription, Genetic ; *Transcriptional Activation
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 58
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    S-nitrosylation of Drp1 mediates beta-amyloid-related mitochondrial fission and neuronal injury (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-04-04
    Beschreibung: Mitochondria continuously undergo two opposing processes, fission and fusion. The disruption of this dynamic equilibrium may herald cell injury or death and may contribute to developmental and neurodegenerative disorders. Nitric oxide functions as a signaling molecule, but in excess it mediates neuronal injury, in part via mitochondrial fission or fragmentation. However, the underlying mechanism for nitric oxide-induced pathological fission remains unclear. We found that nitric oxide produced in response to beta-amyloid protein, thought to be a key mediator of Alzheimer's disease, triggered mitochondrial fission, synaptic loss, and neuronal damage, in part via S-nitrosylation of dynamin-related protein 1 (forming SNO-Drp1). Preventing nitrosylation of Drp1 by cysteine mutation abrogated these neurotoxic events. SNO-Drp1 is increased in brains of human Alzheimer's disease patients and may thus contribute to the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2823371/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2823371/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cho, Dong-Hyung -- Nakamura, Tomohiro -- Fang, Jianguo -- Cieplak, Piotr -- Godzik, Adam -- Gu, Zezong -- Lipton, Stuart A -- P01 ES016738/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- P01 ES016738-01/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- P01 ES016738-010003/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- P01 ES016738-02/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- P01 ES016738-020003/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- P01 HD029587/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- P01 HD029587-16/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- P01 HD29587/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- P30 NS057096/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- P30 NS057096-04/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 EY005477/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01 EY005477-25/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01 EY05477/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Apr 3;324(5923):102-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1171091.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Neuroscience, Aging, and Stem Cell Research, Burnham Institute for Medical Research, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19342591" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Alzheimer Disease/metabolism/pathology ; Amino Acid Motifs ; Amyloid beta-Peptides/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Animals ; Cell Line ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cerebral Cortex/cytology ; Cysteine/analogs & derivatives/genetics/metabolism/pharmacology ; Female ; GTP Phosphohydrolases/chemistry/*metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins/chemistry/*metabolism ; Mitochondria/drug effects/physiology/*ultrastructure ; Mitochondrial Proteins/chemistry/*metabolism ; Models, Molecular ; Mutation ; Neurons/drug effects/*ultrastructure ; Nitric Oxide/*metabolism ; Peptide Fragments/metabolism/pharmacology ; Protein Multimerization ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; S-Nitrosothiols/pharmacology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 59
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    U.S. higher education. Report finds no gender bias in faculty hiring, resources (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-06-06
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mervis, Jeffrey -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Jun 5;324(5932):1250-1. doi: 10.1126/science.324_1250a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19498138" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Career Mobility ; Faculty/*statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Personnel Selection ; *Prejudice ; *Research ; Universities/manpower/statistics & numerical data
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 60
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    A spindle assembly checkpoint protein functions in prophase I arrest and prometaphase progression (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-12-08
    Beschreibung: Two critical stages of mammalian oocyte regulation are prophase I arrest, which is important for sustaining the oocyte pool, and the progression through meiosis I (MI) to produce fertilizable eggs. We have found that the spindle assembly checkpoint protein BubR1 regulates both stages in mouse oocytes. We show that oocytes depleted of BubR1 cannot sustain prophase I arrest and readily undergo germinal vesicle breakdown, a marker for reentry into MI. BubR1-depleted oocytes then arrest before completing MI, marked by failure of polar body extrusion. Both meiotic defects in BubR1-depleted oocytes are due to reduced activity of the master regulator known as the anaphase-promoting complex (APC), brought about through diminished levels of the APC coactivator Cdh1.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3428834/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3428834/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Homer, Hayden -- Gui, Liming -- Carroll, John -- 082587/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 082587/Z/07/Z/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- G0400530/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Nov 13;326(5955):991-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1175326.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Oocyte and Embryo Research Laboratory, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Division of Biosciences and Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK. h.homer@ucl.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19965510" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Anaphase-Promoting Complex-Cyclosome ; Animals ; Carrier Proteins/metabolism ; Cdc20 Proteins ; Cdh1 Proteins ; Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism ; Cyclin B1/metabolism ; Female ; Gene Silencing ; Meiosis/*physiology ; Meiotic Prophase I/*physiology ; Mice ; Oocytes/*physiology ; Prometaphase/*physiology/*radiation effects ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics/*metabolism ; Securin ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligase Complexes/metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 61
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    Effects of genetic perturbation on seasonal life history plasticity (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-01-20
    Beschreibung: Like many species, the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana exhibits multiple different life histories in natural environments. We grew mutants impaired in different signaling pathways in field experiments across the species' native European range in order to dissect the mechanisms underlying this variation. Unexpectedly, mutational loss at loci implicated in the cold requirement for flowering had little effect on life history except in late-summer cohorts. A genetically informed photothermal model of progression toward flowering explained most of the observed variation and predicted an abrupt transition from autumn flowering to spring flowering in late-summer germinants. Environmental signals control the timing of this transition, creating a critical window of acute sensitivity to genetic and climatic change that may be common for seasonally regulated life history traits.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wilczek, Amity M -- Roe, Judith L -- Knapp, Mary C -- Cooper, Martha D -- Lopez-Gallego, Cristina -- Martin, Laura J -- Muir, Christopher D -- Sim, Sheina -- Walker, Alexis -- Anderson, Jillian -- Egan, J Franklin -- Moyers, Brook T -- Petipas, Renee -- Giakountis, Antonis -- Charbit, Erika -- Coupland, George -- Welch, Stephen M -- Schmitt, Johanna -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Feb 13;323(5916):930-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1165826. Epub 2009 Jan 15.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19150810" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adaptation, Physiological ; Arabidopsis/*genetics/*growth & development ; Environment ; Flowers/growth & development ; Mutation ; Photoperiod ; Seasons ; Signal Transduction
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    CD24 and Siglec-10 selectively repress tissue damage-induced immune responses (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-03-07
    Beschreibung: Patten recognition receptors, which recognize pathogens or components of injured cells (danger), trigger activation of the innate immune system. Whether and how the host distinguishes between danger- versus pathogen-associated molecular patterns remains unresolved. We report that CD24-deficient mice exhibit increased susceptibility to danger- but not pathogen-associated molecular patterns. CD24 associates with high mobility group box 1, heat shock protein 70, and heat shock protein 90; negatively regulates their stimulatory activity; and inhibits nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) activation. This occurs at least in part through CD24 association with Siglec-10 in humans or Siglec-G in mice. Our results reveal that the CD24-Siglec G pathway protects the host against a lethal response to pathological cell death and discriminates danger- versus pathogen-associated molecular patterns.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2765686/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2765686/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chen, Guo-Yun -- Tang, Jie -- Zheng, Pan -- Liu, Yang -- AI064350/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- CA112001/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA58033/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI064350/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI064350-04/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA058033/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA058033-16A2/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA112001/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA112001-02/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Mar 27;323(5922):1722-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1168988. Epub 2009 Mar 5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Immunotherapy, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19264983" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Acetaminophen/toxicity ; Animals ; Antigens, CD24/genetics/*metabolism ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Dendritic Cells/immunology ; HMGB1 Protein/chemistry/immunology/*metabolism ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins/metabolism ; HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins/metabolism ; Humans ; *Immunity, Innate ; Immunoprecipitation ; Inflammation/*immunology ; Lectins/*metabolism ; Lipopolysaccharides/toxicity ; Liver/immunology/pathology ; Mice ; Mutant Proteins/chemistry/metabolism ; Necrosis/chemically induced/immunology ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6/metabolism ; Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell/*metabolism ; Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism ; Receptors, Pattern Recognition/immunology/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Transcription Factor RelA/metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Mutations in the FUS/TLS gene on chromosome 16 cause familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-03-03
    Beschreibung: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal degenerative motor neuron disorder. Ten percent of cases are inherited; most involve unidentified genes. We report here 13 mutations in the fused in sarcoma/translated in liposarcoma (FUS/TLS) gene on chromosome 16 that were specific for familial ALS. The FUS/TLS protein binds to RNA, functions in diverse processes, and is normally located predominantly in the nucleus. In contrast, the mutant forms of FUS/TLS accumulated in the cytoplasm of neurons, a pathology that is similar to that of the gene TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP43), whose mutations also cause ALS. Neuronal cytoplasmic protein aggregation and defective RNA metabolism thus appear to be common pathogenic mechanisms involved in ALS and possibly in other neurodegenerative disorders.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kwiatkowski, T J Jr -- Bosco, D A -- Leclerc, A L -- Tamrazian, E -- Vanderburg, C R -- Russ, C -- Davis, A -- Gilchrist, J -- Kasarskis, E J -- Munsat, T -- Valdmanis, P -- Rouleau, G A -- Hosler, B A -- Cortelli, P -- de Jong, P J -- Yoshinaga, Y -- Haines, J L -- Pericak-Vance, M A -- Yan, J -- Ticozzi, N -- Siddique, T -- McKenna-Yasek, D -- Sapp, P C -- Horvitz, H R -- Landers, J E -- Brown, R H Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Feb 27;323(5918):1205-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1166066.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 114 16th Street, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA. tkwiatkowski@partners.org〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19251627" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Age of Onset ; Amino Acid Substitution ; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/*genetics/metabolism/pathology ; Animals ; Brain/pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16/*genetics ; Cytoplasm/metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Exons ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Motor Neurons/chemistry/metabolism/ultrastructure ; Mutant Proteins/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; *Mutation, Missense ; Neurons/metabolism/ultrastructure ; RNA/metabolism ; RNA-Binding Protein FUS/chemistry/*genetics/*metabolism ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Spinal Cord/pathology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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    Mutations in two independent pathways are sufficient to create hermaphroditic nematodes (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-12-08
    Beschreibung: Although the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans produces self-fertile hermaphrodites, it descended from a male/female species, so hermaphroditism provides a model for the origin of novel traits. In the related species C. remanei, which has only male and female sexes, lowering the activity of tra-2 by RNA interference created XX animals that made spermatids as well as oocytes, but their spermatids could not activate without the addition of male seminal fluid. However, by lowering the expression of both tra-2 and swm-1, a gene that regulates sperm activation in C. elegans, we produced XX animals with active sperm that were self-fertile. Thus, the evolution of hermaphroditism in Caenorhabditis probably required two steps: a mutation in the sex-determination pathway that caused XX spermatogenesis and a mutation that allowed these spermatids to self-activate.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Baldi, Chris -- Cho, Soochin -- Ellis, Ronald E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Nov 13;326(5955):1002-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1176013.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Stratford, NJ 08084, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19965511" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; *Biological Evolution ; Caenorhabditis/anatomy & histology/classification/*genetics/*physiology ; Caenorhabditis elegans/anatomy & histology/classification/*genetics/*physiology ; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins/genetics/physiology ; Crosses, Genetic ; Disorders of Sex Development/genetics ; Female ; Genes, Helminth ; Germ Cells/physiology ; Male ; Membrane Proteins/genetics/physiology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; *Mutation ; Oogenesis ; Ovulation ; Phylogeny ; Reproduction ; Selection, Genetic ; Sex Determination Processes ; Spermatids/physiology ; Spermatogenesis
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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    Smoothened mutation confers resistance to a Hedgehog pathway inhibitor in medulloblastoma (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-09-04
    Beschreibung: The Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway is inappropriately activated in certain human cancers, including medulloblastoma, an aggressive brain tumor. GDC-0449, a drug that inhibits Hh signaling by targeting the serpentine receptor Smoothened (SMO), has produced promising anti-tumor responses in early clinical studies of cancers driven by mutations in this pathway. To evaluate the mechanism of resistance in a medulloblastoma patient who had relapsed after an initial response to GDC-0449, we determined the mutational status of Hh signaling genes in the tumor after disease progression. We identified an amino acid substitution at a conserved aspartic acid residue of SMO that had no effect on Hh signaling but disrupted the ability of GDC-0449 to bind SMO and suppress this pathway. A mutation altering the same amino acid also arose in a GDC-0449-resistant mouse model of medulloblastoma. These findings show that acquired mutations in a serpentine receptor with features of a G protein-coupled receptor can serve as a mechanism of drug resistance in human cancer.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yauch, Robert L -- Dijkgraaf, Gerrit J P -- Alicke, Bruno -- Januario, Thomas -- Ahn, Christina P -- Holcomb, Thomas -- Pujara, Kanan -- Stinson, Jeremy -- Callahan, Christopher A -- Tang, Tracy -- Bazan, J Fernando -- Kan, Zhengyan -- Seshagiri, Somasekar -- Hann, Christine L -- Gould, Stephen E -- Low, Jennifer A -- Rudin, Charles M -- de Sauvage, Frederic J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Oct 23;326(5952):572-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1179386. Epub 2009 Sep 2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19726788" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Amino Acid Substitution ; Anilides/metabolism/pharmacology/*therapeutic use ; Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents/metabolism/pharmacology/*therapeutic use ; Brain Neoplasms/*drug therapy/*genetics/pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cinnamates/pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Hedgehog Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors/genetics/*metabolism ; Humans ; Medulloblastoma/*drug therapy/*genetics/pathology ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutant Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors/chemistry/metabolism ; Mutation, Missense ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Protein Conformation ; Pyridines/metabolism/pharmacology/*therapeutic use ; Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics/metabolism ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/antagonists & ; inhibitors/chemistry/*genetics/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Veratrum Alkaloids/pharmacology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Paleoanthropology. Bringing hominins back to life (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-07-11
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Balter, Michael -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Jul 10;325(5937):136-9. doi: 10.1126/science.325_136.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19589975" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Anatomy, Artistic ; Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Facial Expression ; Female ; Fossils ; Hominidae/*anatomy & histology ; Humans ; Male ; *Models, Anatomic ; Museums ; Skin Pigmentation
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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    Microbiology. Mosquitoes cut short (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-01-03
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Read, Andrew F -- Thomas, Matthew B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Jan 2;323(5910):51-2. doi: 10.1126/science.1168659.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA. a.read@psu.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19119208" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Aedes/genetics/*microbiology/physiology/virology ; Animals ; Dengue/prevention & control/transmission ; Dengue Virus/*growth & development ; Female ; Humans ; Insect Vectors/genetics/*microbiology/physiology/virology ; Longevity ; Malaria/prevention & control/transmission ; Male ; Pest Control, Biological ; Selection, Genetic ; Virulence ; Wolbachia/genetics/pathogenicity/*physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Science in society. China reins in wilder impulses in treatment of 'Internet addiction' (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-06-27
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stone, Richard -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Jun 26;324(5935):1630-1. doi: 10.1126/science.324_1630.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19556477" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Behavior, Addictive/diagnosis/therapy ; China ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; Female ; Humans ; *Internet ; Male
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Impact of genome reduction on bacterial metabolism and its regulation (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-12-08
    Beschreibung: To understand basic principles of bacterial metabolism organization and regulation, but also the impact of genome size, we systematically studied one of the smallest bacteria, Mycoplasma pneumoniae. A manually curated metabolic network of 189 reactions catalyzed by 129 enzymes allowed the design of a defined, minimal medium with 19 essential nutrients. More than 1300 growth curves were recorded in the presence of various nutrient concentrations. Measurements of biomass indicators, metabolites, and 13C-glucose experiments provided information on directionality, fluxes, and energetics; integration with transcription profiling enabled the global analysis of metabolic regulation. Compared with more complex bacteria, the M. pneumoniae metabolic network has a more linear topology and contains a higher fraction of multifunctional enzymes; general features such as metabolite concentrations, cellular energetics, adaptability, and global gene expression responses are similar, however.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yus, Eva -- Maier, Tobias -- Michalodimitrakis, Konstantinos -- van Noort, Vera -- Yamada, Takuji -- Chen, Wei-Hua -- Wodke, Judith A H -- Guell, Marc -- Martinez, Sira -- Bourgeois, Ronan -- Kuhner, Sebastian -- Raineri, Emanuele -- Letunic, Ivica -- Kalinina, Olga V -- Rode, Michaela -- Herrmann, Richard -- Gutierrez-Gallego, Ricardo -- Russell, Robert B -- Gavin, Anne-Claude -- Bork, Peer -- Serrano, Luis -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Nov 27;326(5957):1263-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1177263.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG) and Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Avenida Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19965476" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Bacterial Proteins/*metabolism ; Culture Media ; Energy Metabolism ; Enzymes/genetics/metabolism ; Gene Expression Profiling ; *Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial ; *Genome, Bacterial ; Glycolysis ; *Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; Mycoplasma pneumoniae/*genetics/growth & development/*metabolism ; RNA, Bacterial/genetics/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Systems Biology ; Transcription, Genetic ; rRNA Operon
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    Human substantia nigra neurons encode unexpected financial rewards (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-03-17
    Beschreibung: The brain's sensitivity to unexpected outcomes plays a fundamental role in an organism's ability to adapt and learn new behaviors. Emerging research suggests that midbrain dopaminergic neurons encode these unexpected outcomes. We used microelectrode recordings during deep brain stimulation surgery to study neuronal activity in the human substantia nigra (SN) while patients with Parkinson's disease engaged in a probabilistic learning task motivated by virtual financial rewards. Based on a model of the participants' expected reward, we divided trial outcomes into expected and unexpected gains and losses. SN neurons exhibited significantly higher firing rates after unexpected gains than unexpected losses. No such differences were observed after expected gains and losses. This result provides critical support for the hypothesized role of the SN in human reinforcement learning.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2839450/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2839450/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zaghloul, Kareem A -- Blanco, Justin A -- Weidemann, Christoph T -- McGill, Kathryn -- Jaggi, Jurg L -- Baltuch, Gordon H -- Kahana, Michael J -- MH062196/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH61975/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- P50 MH062196/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- P50 MH062196-090008/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH061975/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH061975-08/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS048598/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS048598-04/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Mar 13;323(5920):1496-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1167342.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. zaghlouk@uphs.upenn.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19286561" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Action Potentials ; Deep Brain Stimulation ; Dopamine/physiology ; Economics ; *Feedback, Psychological ; Female ; Humans ; *Learning ; Male ; Microelectrodes ; Middle Aged ; Models, Psychological ; Neurons/*physiology ; Parkinson Disease/physiopathology/therapy ; Probability ; Reinforcement (Psychology) ; *Reward ; Substantia Nigra/cytology/*physiology
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    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Small-molecule activators of a proenzyme (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-11-07
    Beschreibung: Virtually all of the 560 human proteases are stored as inactive proenyzmes and are strictly regulated. We report the identification and characterization of the first small molecules that directly activate proenzymes, the apoptotic procaspases-3 and -6. It is surprising that these compounds induce autoproteolytic activation by stabilizing a conformation that is both more active and more susceptible to intermolecular proteolysis. These procaspase activators bypass the normal upstream proapoptotic signaling cascades and induce rapid apoptosis in a variety of cell lines. Systematic biochemical and biophysical analyses identified a cluster of mutations in procaspase-3 that resist small-molecule activation both in vitro and in cells. Compounds that induce gain of function are rare, and the activators reported here will enable direct control of the executioner caspases in apoptosis and in cellular differentiation. More generally, these studies presage the discovery of other proenzyme activators to explore fundamental processes of proenzyme activation and their fate-determining roles in biology.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2886848/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2886848/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wolan, Dennis W -- Zorn, Julie A -- Gray, Daniel C -- Wells, James A -- F32 CA119641/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- F32 CA119641-03/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA136779/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R21 N5057022/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Nov 6;326(5954):853-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1177585.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, Byers Hall, 1700 4th Street, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19892984" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Apoptosis ; Benzopyrans/chemistry/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Biocatalysis ; Caspase 3/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Caspase 6/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Caspase Inhibitors ; Catalytic Domain ; Cell Line, Transformed ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cells, Cultured ; Enzyme Activation ; Enzyme Activators/chemistry/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Enzyme Inhibitors/metabolism/pharmacology ; Enzyme Precursors/antagonists & inhibitors/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Granzymes/metabolism ; Humans ; Imidazoles/chemistry/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Kinetics ; Mice ; Molecular Structure ; Mutagenesis ; Pyridines/chemistry/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Signal Transduction ; Small Molecule Libraries/chemistry/metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Promoting interest and performance in high school science classes (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-12-08
    Beschreibung: We tested whether classroom activities that encourage students to connect course materials to their lives will increase student motivation and learning. We hypothesized that this effect will be stronger for students who have low expectations of success. In a randomized field experiment with high school students, we found that a relevance intervention, which encouraged students to make connections between their lives and what they were learning in their science courses, increased interest in science and course grades for students with low success expectations. The results have implications for the development of science curricula and theories of motivation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hulleman, Chris S -- Harackiewicz, Judith M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Dec 4;326(5958):1410-2. doi: 10.1126/science.1177067.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Graduate Psychology, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, USA. hullemcs@jmu.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19965759" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Achievement ; Adolescent ; Biology/*education ; Curriculum ; Educational Measurement ; Female ; Humans ; *Learning ; Male ; *Motivation ; Natural Science Disciplines/*education ; Regression Analysis ; Science/*education
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    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Bcl6 and Blimp-1 are reciprocal and antagonistic regulators of T follicular helper cell differentiation (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-07-18
    Beschreibung: Effective B cell-mediated immunity and antibody responses often require help from CD4+ T cells. It is thought that a distinct CD4+ effector T cell subset, called T follicular helper cells (T(FH)), provides this help; however, the molecular requirements for T(FH) differentiation are unknown. We found that expression of the transcription factor Bcl6 in CD4+ T cells is both necessary and sufficient for in vivo T(FH) differentiation and T cell help to B cells in mice. In contrast, the transcription factor Blimp-1, an antagonist of Bcl6, inhibits T(FH) differentiation and help, thereby preventing B cell germinal center and antibody responses. These findings demonstrate that T(FH) cells are required for proper B cell responses in vivo and that Bcl6 and Blimp-1 play central but opposing roles in T(FH) differentiation.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2766560/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2766560/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Johnston, Robert J -- Poholek, Amanda C -- DiToro, Daniel -- Yusuf, Isharat -- Eto, Danelle -- Barnett, Burton -- Dent, Alexander L -- Craft, Joe -- Crotty, Shane -- AR40072/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- AR44076/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- P30 AR053495/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 063107/PHS HHS/ -- R01 072543/PHS HHS/ -- R01 AI063107/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI063107-01A1/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI072543/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI072543-01A1/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Aug 21;325(5943):1006-10. doi: 10.1126/science.1175870. Epub 2009 Jul 16.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology (LIAI), 9420 Athena Circle, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19608860" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Antibody Formation ; Arenaviridae Infections/immunology ; B-Lymphocytes/immunology ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/cytology/immunology ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Lineage ; Cytokines/metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Germinal Center/cytology/immunology ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus/immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Transgenic ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets/cytology/*immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/cytology/*immunology ; Transcription Factors/genetics/*metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 74
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    A functional role for adult hippocampal neurogenesis in spatial pattern separation (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-07-11
    Beschreibung: The dentate gyrus (DG) of the mammalian hippocampus is hypothesized to mediate pattern separation-the formation of distinct and orthogonal representations of mnemonic information-and also undergoes neurogenesis throughout life. How neurogenesis contributes to hippocampal function is largely unknown. Using adult mice in which hippocampal neurogenesis was ablated, we found specific impairments in spatial discrimination with two behavioral assays: (i) a spatial navigation radial arm maze task and (ii) a spatial, but non-navigable, task in the mouse touch screen. Mice with ablated neurogenesis were impaired when stimuli were presented with little spatial separation, but not when stimuli were more widely separated in space. Thus, newborn neurons may be necessary for normal pattern separation function in the DG of adult mice.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2997634/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2997634/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Clelland, C D -- Choi, M -- Romberg, C -- Clemenson, G D Jr -- Fragniere, A -- Tyers, P -- Jessberger, S -- Saksida, L M -- Barker, R A -- Gage, F H -- Bussey, T J -- NS-050217/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS050217/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS050217-05/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Jul 10;325(5937):210-3. doi: 10.1126/science.1173215.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19590004" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Cues ; Dentate Gyrus/cytology/*physiology ; Discrimination Learning/*physiology ; Female ; Hippocampus/cytology/*physiology ; Maze Learning ; Memory/*physiology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; *Neurogenesis ; Neurons/*physiology ; Psychomotor Performance ; *Space Perception
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 75
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    The vital role of ORWH (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-02-21
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hultgren, Scott -- Goldstein, Jill M -- Delancey, John O L -- Bandstra, Emmalee S -- Brady, Kathleen T -- Brown, Jeanette S -- Deng, Hong-Wen -- Dunaif, Andrea -- Ehrmann, David A -- Mayer, Emeran A -- Sinha, Rajita -- Tobet, Stuart -- Levine, Jon E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Feb 20;323(5917):1009-10. doi: 10.1126/science.323.5917.1009c.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19229019" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Biomedical Research ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Female ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*organization & administration ; Occupations ; Research Support as Topic ; United States ; *Women's Health
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 76
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    Sequential sympatric speciation across trophic levels (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-02-07
    Beschreibung: A major cause for biodiversity may be biodiversity itself. As new species form, they may create new niches for others to exploit, potentially catalyzing a chain reaction of speciation events across trophic levels. We tested for such sequential radiation in the Rhagoletis pomonella (Diptera: Tephritidae) complex, a model for sympatric speciation via host plant shifting. We report that the parasitic wasp Diachasma alloeum (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) has formed new incipient species as a result of specializing on diversifying fly hosts, including the recently derived apple-infesting race of R. pomonella. Furthermore, we show that traits that differentially adapt R. pomonella flies to their host plants have also quickly evolved and serve as ecological barriers to reproduction, isolating the wasps. Speciation therefore cascades as the effects of new niche construction move across trophic levels.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Forbes, Andrew A -- Powell, Thomas H Q -- Stelinski, Lukasz L -- Smith, James J -- Feder, Jeffrey L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Feb 6;323(5915):776-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1166981.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Galvin Life Sciences Building, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA. aaforbes@ucdavis.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19197063" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adaptation, Biological ; Animals ; *Biodiversity ; Cues ; DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics ; Female ; Fruit ; Gene Flow ; Gene Frequency ; Genes, Insect ; *Genetic Speciation ; Genetic Variation ; Haplotypes ; Host-Parasite Interactions ; Male ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Odors ; Sexual Behavior, Animal ; Tephritidae/*genetics/growth & development/*parasitology/physiology ; Wasps/*genetics/growth & development/physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 77
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    The aryl hydrocarbon nuclear translocator alters CD30-mediated NF-kappaB-dependent transcription (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-01-10
    Beschreibung: Expression and signaling of CD30, a tumor necrosis factor receptor family member, is up-regulated in numerous lymphoid-derived neoplasias, most notably anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL) and Hodgkin's lymphoma. To gain insight into the mechanism of CD30 signaling, we used an affinity purification strategy that led to the identification of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT) as a CD30-interacting protein that modulated the activity of the RelB subunit of the transcription factor nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB). ALCL cells that were deficient in ARNT exhibited defects in RelB recruitment to NF-kappaB-responsive promoters, whereas RelA recruitment to the same sites was potentiated, resulting in the augmented expression of these NF-kappaB-responsive genes. These findings indicate that ARNT functions in concert with RelB in a CD30-induced negative feedback mechanism.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2682336/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2682336/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wright, Casey W -- Duckett, Colin S -- R01 GM067827/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM067827-04/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Jan 9;323(5911):251-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1162818.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19131627" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Antigens, CD30/*metabolism ; Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Nuclear Translocator/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cell Line, Tumor ; DNA/metabolism ; Feedback, Physiological ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic/genetics/metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; NF-kappa B/genetics/metabolism ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II/metabolism ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Transcription Factor RelB/genetics/*metabolism ; *Transcription, Genetic ; Transcriptional Activation
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 78
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    Priming in systemic plant immunity (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-04-04
    Beschreibung: Plants possess inducible systemic defense responses when locally infected by pathogens. Bacterial infection results in the increased accumulation of the mobile metabolite azelaic acid, a nine-carbon dicarboxylic acid, in the vascular sap of Arabidopsis that confers local and systemic resistance against the pathogen Pseudomonas syringae. Azelaic acid primes plants to accumulate salicylic acid (SA), a known defense signal, upon infection. Mutation of the AZELAIC ACID INDUCED 1 (AZI1) gene, which is induced by azelaic acid, results in the specific loss of systemic immunity triggered by pathogen or azelaic acid and of the priming of SA induction in plants. Furthermore, the predicted secreted protein AZI1 is also important for generating vascular sap that confers disease resistance. Thus, azelaic acid and AZI1 are components of plant systemic immunity involved in priming defenses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jung, Ho Won -- Tschaplinski, Timothy J -- Wang, Lin -- Glazebrook, Jane -- Greenberg, Jean T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Apr 3;324(5923):89-91. doi: 10.1126/science.1170025.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Chicago, 1103 East 57th Street EBC410, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19342588" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Arabidopsis/genetics/*immunology/metabolism/*microbiology ; Arabidopsis Proteins/*genetics/physiology ; Dicarboxylic Acids/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; *Genes, Plant ; Immunity, Innate ; Mutation ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Plant Diseases/*immunology ; Plant Leaves/immunology/metabolism ; Pseudomonas syringae/growth & development/*immunology/pathogenicity ; Salicylic Acid/metabolism ; Signal Transduction
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 79
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    The extracellular matrix: not just pretty fibrils (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-12-08
    Beschreibung: The extracellular matrix (ECM) and ECM proteins are important in phenomena as diverse as developmental patterning, stem cell niches, cancer, and genetic diseases. The ECM has many effects beyond providing structural support. ECM proteins typically include multiple, independently folded domains whose sequences and arrangement are highly conserved. Some of these domains bind adhesion receptors such as integrins that mediate cell-matrix adhesion and also transduce signals into cells. However, ECM proteins also bind soluble growth factors and regulate their distribution, activation, and presentation to cells. As organized, solid-phase ligands, ECM proteins can integrate complex, multivalent signals to cells in a spatially patterned and regulated fashion. These properties need to be incorporated into considerations of the functions of the ECM.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3536535/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3536535/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hynes, Richard O -- P01 HL066105/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA017007/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- U54 CA126515/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Nov 27;326(5957):1216-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1176009.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. rohynes@mit.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19965464" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Cell Adhesion ; *Cell Physiological Processes ; Extracellular Matrix/*physiology ; Extracellular Matrix Proteins/chemistry/*metabolism ; Humans ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Protein Binding ; Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Signal Transduction ; Transforming Growth Factor beta/metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 80
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    Pre-target axon sorting establishes the neural map topography (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-07-11
    Beschreibung: Sensory information detected by the peripheral nervous system is represented as a topographic map in the brain. It has long been thought that the topography of the map is determined by graded positional cues that are expressed by the target. Here, we analyzed the pre-target axon sorting for olfactory map formation in mice. In olfactory sensory neurons, an axon guidance receptor, Neuropilin-1, and its repulsive ligand, Semaphorin-3A, are expressed in a complementary manner. We found that expression levels of Neuropilin-1 determined both pre-target sorting and projection sites of axons. Olfactory sensory neuron-specific knockout of Semaphorin-3A perturbed axon sorting and altered the olfactory map topography. Thus, pre-target axon sorting plays an important role in establishing the topographic order based on the relative levels of guidance molecules expressed by axons.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Imai, Takeshi -- Yamazaki, Takahiro -- Kobayakawa, Reiko -- Kobayakawa, Ko -- Abe, Takaya -- Suzuki, Misao -- Sakano, Hitoshi -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Jul 31;325(5940):585-90. doi: 10.1126/science.1173596. Epub 2009 Jul 9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19589963" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Axons/*physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Cell Communication ; Cues ; Cyclic AMP/metabolism ; Ligands ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Mice, Transgenic ; Neuroglia/physiology ; Neuropilin-1/*metabolism ; Olfactory Bulb/cytology/*physiology ; Olfactory Mucosa/cytology/physiology ; Olfactory Pathways/cytology/*physiology ; Olfactory Receptor Neurons/cytology/*physiology ; Receptors, Odorant/metabolism ; Semaphorin-3A/metabolism ; Signal Transduction
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 81
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    The optogenetic catechism (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-10-17
    Beschreibung: An emerging set of methods enables an experimental dialogue with biological systems composed of many interacting cell types--in particular, with neural circuits in the brain. These methods are sometimes called "optogenetic" because they use light-responsive proteins ("opto-") encoded in DNA ("-genetic"). Optogenetic devices can be introduced into tissues or whole organisms by genetic manipulation and be expressed in anatomically or functionally defined groups of cells. Two kinds of devices perform complementary functions: Light-driven actuators control electrochemical signals, while light-emitting sensors report them. Actuators pose questions by delivering targeted perturbations; sensors (and other measurements) signal answers. These catechisms are beginning to yield previously unattainable insight into the organization of neural circuits, the regulation of their collective dynamics, and the causal relationships between cellular activity patterns and behavior.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Miesenbock, Gero -- G0700888/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G0701225/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Oct 16;326(5951):395-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1174520.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK. gero.miesenboeck@dpag.ox.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19833960" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Biotechnology/instrumentation/*methods ; Brain/*physiology ; Calcium/metabolism ; Gene Expression Profiling ; *Genetic Engineering ; *Light ; Membrane Potentials ; Neural Pathways/physiology ; Neurons/*physiology ; Neurosciences/*methods ; Photons ; Proteins/*metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Synapses/physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 82
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    Complete resequencing of 40 genomes reveals domestication events and genes in silkworm (Bombyx) (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-08-29
    Beschreibung: A single-base pair resolution silkworm genetic variation map was constructed from 40 domesticated and wild silkworms, each sequenced to approximately threefold coverage, representing 99.88% of the genome. We identified ~16 million single-nucleotide polymorphisms, many indels, and structural variations. We find that the domesticated silkworms are clearly genetically differentiated from the wild ones, but they have maintained large levels of genetic variability, suggesting a short domestication event involving a large number of individuals. We also identified signals of selection at 354 candidate genes that may have been important during domestication, some of which have enriched expression in the silk gland, midgut, and testis. These data add to our understanding of the domestication processes and may have applications in devising pest control strategies and advancing the use of silkworms as efficient bioreactors.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3951477/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3951477/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Xia, Qingyou -- Guo, Yiran -- Zhang, Ze -- Li, Dong -- Xuan, Zhaoling -- Li, Zhuo -- Dai, Fangyin -- Li, Yingrui -- Cheng, Daojun -- Li, Ruiqiang -- Cheng, Tingcai -- Jiang, Tao -- Becquet, Celine -- Xu, Xun -- Liu, Chun -- Zha, Xingfu -- Fan, Wei -- Lin, Ying -- Shen, Yihong -- Jiang, Lan -- Jensen, Jeffrey -- Hellmann, Ines -- Tang, Si -- Zhao, Ping -- Xu, Hanfu -- Yu, Chang -- Zhang, Guojie -- Li, Jun -- Cao, Jianjun -- Liu, Shiping -- He, Ningjia -- Zhou, Yan -- Liu, Hui -- Zhao, Jing -- Ye, Chen -- Du, Zhouhe -- Pan, Guoqing -- Zhao, Aichun -- Shao, Haojing -- Zeng, Wei -- Wu, Ping -- Li, Chunfeng -- Pan, Minhui -- Li, Jingjing -- Yin, Xuyang -- Li, Dawei -- Wang, Juan -- Zheng, Huisong -- Wang, Wen -- Zhang, Xiuqing -- Li, Songgang -- Yang, Huanming -- Lu, Cheng -- Nielsen, Rasmus -- Zhou, Zeyang -- Wang, Jian -- Xiang, Zhonghuai -- Wang, Jun -- R01 HG003229/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG003229-05/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Oct 16;326(5951):433-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1176620. Epub 2009 Aug 27.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Key Sericultural Laboratory of Agricultural Ministry, College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19713493" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Bombyx/classification/*genetics ; Digestive System/metabolism ; Exocrine Glands/metabolism ; Female ; Gene Expression ; *Genes, Insect ; *Genetic Variation ; *Genome, Insect ; INDEL Mutation ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; Male ; Phylogeny ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Principal Component Analysis ; Selection, Genetic ; *Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Testis/metabolism
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  • 83
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    Polydnaviruses of braconid wasps derive from an ancestral nudivirus (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-02-14
    Beschreibung: Many species of parasitoid wasps inject polydnavirus particles in order to manipulate host defenses and development. Because the DNA packaged in these particles encodes almost no viral structural proteins, their relation to viruses has been debated. Characterization of complementary DNAs derived from braconid wasp ovaries identified genes encoding subunits of a viral RNA polymerase and structural components of polydnavirus particles related most closely to those of nudiviruses--a sister group of baculoviruses. The conservation of this viral machinery in different braconid wasp lineages sharing polydnaviruses suggests that parasitoid wasps incorporated a nudivirus-related genome into their own genetic material. We found that the nudiviral genes themselves are no longer packaged but are actively transcribed and produce particles used to deliver genes essential for successful parasitism in lepidopteran hosts.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bezier, Annie -- Annaheim, Marc -- Herbiniere, Juline -- Wetterwald, Christoph -- Gyapay, Gabor -- Bernard-Samain, Sylvie -- Wincker, Patrick -- Roditi, Isabel -- Heller, Manfred -- Belghazi, Maya -- Pfister-Wilhem, Rita -- Periquet, Georges -- Dupuy, Catherine -- Huguet, Elisabeth -- Volkoff, Anne-Nathalie -- Lanzrein, Beatrice -- Drezen, Jean-Michel -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Feb 13;323(5916):926-30. doi: 10.1126/science.1166788.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte, CNRS UMR 6035, Universite Francois Rabelais, Parc de Grandmont, 37200 Tours, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19213916" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Baculoviridae/genetics ; Biological Evolution ; *DNA, Viral/analysis ; Expressed Sequence Tags ; Female ; Genome, Insect ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Ovary/virology ; Polydnaviridae/*genetics/physiology ; Viral Structural Proteins/genetics ; Virion/genetics ; Virus Integration ; Wasps/*virology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 84
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    Cell signaling. Aging is RSKy business (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-10-03
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaeberlein, Matt -- Kapahi, Pankaj -- R01 AG031108/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Oct 2;326(5949):55-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1181034.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. kaeber@u.washington.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19797648" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/genetics/metabolism ; Aging/*physiology ; Animals ; Caloric Restriction ; Enzyme Activation ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Longevity/*physiology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Biosynthesis ; Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Protein Subunits ; Ribosomal Protein S6/*metabolism ; Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 90-kDa/genetics/*metabolism ; *Signal Transduction ; Sirolimus/pharmacology ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 85
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    The insect neuropeptide PTTH activates receptor tyrosine kinase torso to initiate metamorphosis (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-12-08
    Beschreibung: Holometabolous insects undergo complete metamorphosis to become sexually mature adults. Metamorphosis is initiated by brain-derived prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH), which stimulates the production of the molting hormone ecdysone via an incompletely defined signaling pathway. Here we demonstrate that Torso, a receptor tyrosine kinase that regulates embryonic terminal cell fate in Drosophila, is the PTTH receptor. Trunk, the embryonic Torso ligand, is related to PTTH, and ectopic expression of PTTH in the embryo partially rescues trunk mutants. In larvae, torso is expressed specifically in the prothoracic gland (PG), and its loss phenocopies the removal of PTTH. The activation of Torso by PTTH stimulates extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation, and the loss of ERK in the PG phenocopies the loss of PTTH and Torso. We conclude that PTTH initiates metamorphosis by activation of the Torso/ERK pathway.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rewitz, Kim F -- Yamanaka, Naoki -- Gilbert, Lawrence I -- O'Connor, Michael B -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Dec 4;326(5958):1403-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1176450.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19965758" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Bombyx/*genetics/metabolism ; Cell Line ; Drosophila Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Drosophila melanogaster/embryology/genetics/*growth & development/metabolism ; Embryo, Nonmammalian/metabolism ; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/metabolism ; Insect Hormones/chemistry/*metabolism ; Larva/growth & development ; Ligands ; *Metamorphosis, Biological ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Neurons/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Pupa/growth & development ; RNA Interference ; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/genetics/*metabolism ; Signal Transduction
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 86
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    Mechanically activated integrin switch controls alpha5beta1 function (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-01-31
    Beschreibung: The cytoskeleton, integrin-mediated adhesion, and substrate stiffness control a common set of cell functions required for development and homeostasis that are often deranged in cancer. The connection between these mechanical elements and chemical signaling processes is not known. Here, we show that alpha(5)beta(1) integrin switches between relaxed and tensioned states in response to myosin II-generated cytoskeletal force. Force combines with extracellular matrix stiffness to generate tension that triggers the integrin switch. This switch directly controls the alpha(5)beta(1)-fibronectin bond strength through engaging the synergy site in fibronectin and is required to generate signals through phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase. In the context of tissues, this integrin switch connects cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix mechanics to adhesion-dependent motility and signaling pathways.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Friedland, Julie C -- Lee, Mark H -- Boettiger, David -- GM57388/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Jan 30;323(5914):642-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1168441.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute for Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19179533" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Actins ; Biophysical Phenomena ; Cell Adhesion ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cytoskeleton/*physiology ; Fibronectins/chemistry/*metabolism ; Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism ; Humans ; Integrin alpha5beta1/*chemistry/*metabolism ; Ligands ; Models, Molecular ; Myosin Type II/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Binding ; Protein Conformation ; Signal Transduction
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 87
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    Systems biology. Attractors and democratic dynamics (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-02-21
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bar-Yam, Yaneer -- Harmon, Dion -- de Bivort, Benjamin -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Feb 20;323(5917):1016-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1163225.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉New England Complex Systems Institute, 24 Mt. Auburn Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. yaneer@necsi.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19229023" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; *Gene Expression Profiling ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; *Gene Regulatory Networks ; Models, Genetic ; Phenotype ; Signal Transduction ; Systems Biology ; *Transcription, Genetic
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 88
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    The tail of integrins, talin, and kindlins (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-05-16
    Beschreibung: Integrins are transmembrane cell-adhesion molecules that carry signals from the outside to the inside of the cell and vice versa. Like other cell surface receptors, integrins signal in response to ligand binding; however, events within the cell can also regulate the affinity of integrins for ligands. This feature is important in physiological situations such as those in blood, in which cells are always in close proximity to their ligands, yet cell-ligand interactions occur only after integrin activation in response to specific external cues. This review focuses on the mechanisms whereby two key proteins, talin and the kindlins, regulate integrin activation by binding the tails of integrin-beta subunits.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Moser, Markus -- Legate, Kyle R -- Zent, Roy -- Fassler, Reinhard -- DK 69921/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK075594/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK65138/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 May 15;324(5929):895-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1163865.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19443776" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; *Cell Adhesion ; Humans ; Integrins/chemistry/*metabolism ; Ligands ; Membrane Proteins/chemistry/*metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Signal Transduction ; Talin/chemistry/*metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 89
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    Glioma-derived mutations in IDH1 dominantly inhibit IDH1 catalytic activity and induce HIF-1alpha (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-04-11
    Beschreibung: Heterozygous mutations in the gene encoding isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 (IDH1) occur in certain human brain tumors, but their mechanistic role in tumor development is unknown. We have shown that tumor-derived IDH1 mutations impair the enzyme's affinity for its substrate and dominantly inhibit wild-type IDH1 activity through the formation of catalytically inactive heterodimers. Forced expression of mutant IDH1 in cultured cells reduces formation of the enzyme product, alpha-ketoglutarate (alpha-KG), and increases the levels of hypoxia-inducible factor subunit HIF-1alpha, a transcription factor that facilitates tumor growth when oxygen is low and whose stability is regulated by alpha-KG. The rise in HIF-1alpha levels was reversible by an alpha-KG derivative. HIF-1alpha levels were higher in human gliomas harboring an IDH1 mutation than in tumors without a mutation. Thus, IDH1 appears to function as a tumor suppressor that, when mutationally inactivated, contributes to tumorigenesis in part through induction of the HIF-1 pathway.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3251015/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3251015/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zhao, Shimin -- Lin, Yan -- Xu, Wei -- Jiang, Wenqing -- Zha, Zhengyu -- Wang, Pu -- Yu, Wei -- Li, Zhiqiang -- Gong, Lingling -- Peng, Yingjie -- Ding, Jianping -- Lei, Qunying -- Guan, Kun-Liang -- Xiong, Yue -- R01 CA068377/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA068377-14/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Apr 10;324(5924):261-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1170944.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, 130 Dong-An Road, Shanghai 200032, China.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19359588" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Astrocytoma/genetics/metabolism ; Biocatalysis ; Brain Neoplasms/*genetics/metabolism ; Cell Line ; Child ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Glioblastoma/genetics/metabolism ; Glioma/*genetics/metabolism ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/antagonists & ; inhibitors/genetics/*metabolism ; Isocitrate Dehydrogenase/chemistry/*genetics/*metabolism ; Ketoglutaric Acids/metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutant Proteins/chemistry/metabolism ; Oligodendroglioma/genetics/metabolism ; Oxalates/pharmacology ; Protein Multimerization
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 90
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    Knockout rats via embryo microinjection of zinc-finger nucleases (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-07-25
    Beschreibung: The toolbox of rat genetics currently lacks the ability to introduce site-directed, heritable mutations into the genome to create knockout animals. By using engineered zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs) designed to target an integrated reporter and two endogenous rat genes, Immunoglobulin M (IgM) and Rab38, we demonstrate that a single injection of DNA or messenger RNA encoding ZFNs into the one-cell rat embryo leads to a high frequency of animals carrying 25 to 100% disruption at the target locus. These mutations are faithfully and efficiently transmitted through the germline. Our data demonstrate the feasibility of targeted gene disruption in multiple rat strains within 4 months time, paving the way to a humanized monoclonal antibody platform and additional human disease models.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2831805/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2831805/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Geurts, Aron M -- Cost, Gregory J -- Freyvert, Yevgeniy -- Zeitler, Bryan -- Miller, Jeffrey C -- Choi, Vivian M -- Jenkins, Shirin S -- Wood, Adam -- Cui, Xiaoxia -- Meng, Xiangdong -- Vincent, Anna -- Lam, Stephen -- Michalkiewicz, Mieczyslaw -- Schilling, Rebecca -- Foeckler, Jamie -- Kalloway, Shawn -- Weiler, Hartmut -- Menoret, Severine -- Anegon, Ignacio -- Davis, Gregory D -- Zhang, Lei -- Rebar, Edward J -- Gregory, Philip D -- Urnov, Fyodor D -- Jacob, Howard J -- Buelow, Roland -- 5P01HL082798-03/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- 5U01HL066579-08/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- P01 HL082798/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- P01 HL082798-03/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- U01 HL066579/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- U01 HL066579-08/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Jul 24;325(5939):433. doi: 10.1126/science.1172447.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Human and Molecular Genetics Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 52336, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19628861" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Base Sequence ; Dna ; Embryo, Mammalian ; Endodeoxyribonucleases/genetics/*metabolism ; Feasibility Studies ; Female ; *Gene Knockout Techniques ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; Immunoglobulin M/*genetics ; Male ; *Microinjections ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed ; RNA, Messenger ; Rats ; *Zinc Fingers/genetics ; rab GTP-Binding Proteins/*genetics
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 91
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    Identification of splenic reservoir monocytes and their deployment to inflammatory sites (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-08-01
    Beschreibung: A current paradigm states that monocytes circulate freely and patrol blood vessels but differentiate irreversibly into dendritic cells (DCs) or macrophages upon tissue entry. Here we show that bona fide undifferentiated monocytes reside in the spleen and outnumber their equivalents in circulation. The reservoir monocytes assemble in clusters in the cords of the subcapsular red pulp and are distinct from macrophages and DCs. In response to ischemic myocardial injury, splenic monocytes increase their motility, exit the spleen en masse, accumulate in injured tissue, and participate in wound healing. These observations uncover a role for the spleen as a site for storage and rapid deployment of monocytes and identify splenic monocytes as a resource that the body exploits to regulate inflammation.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2803111/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2803111/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Swirski, Filip K -- Nahrendorf, Matthias -- Etzrodt, Martin -- Wildgruber, Moritz -- Cortez-Retamozo, Virna -- Panizzi, Peter -- Figueiredo, Jose-Luiz -- Kohler, Rainer H -- Chudnovskiy, Aleksey -- Waterman, Peter -- Aikawa, Elena -- Mempel, Thorsten R -- Libby, Peter -- Weissleder, Ralph -- Pittet, Mikael J -- 1R01HL095612/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- P01 A154904/PHS HHS/ -- P01 AI054904/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P01 AI054904-010001/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P50 CA086355/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P50 CA086355-07/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P50 CA86355/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R00 HL094533/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL095629/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL096576/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R24 CA69246/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- U01 HL080731/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- U01 HL080731-05/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- U54 CA126515/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Jul 31;325(5940):612-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1175202.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA. fswirski@mgh.harvard.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19644120" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Angiotensin II/blood/pharmacology ; Animals ; Antigens, Ly/metabolism ; Bone Marrow Cells/physiology ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Movement ; Cell Size ; Female ; Inflammation/*pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Monocytes/cytology/*physiology ; Myocardial Infarction/immunology/*pathology/*physiopathology ; Myocardium/*immunology/*pathology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Receptors, Angiotensin/metabolism ; Spleen/cytology/*immunology ; Splenectomy
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 92
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    Sexual conflict resolved by invasion of a novel sex determiner in Lake Malawi cichlid fishes (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-10-03
    Beschreibung: Sex determination mechanisms differ among animal species, but it is not clear how these differences evolve. New sex determiners may arise in response to sexual conflicts, which occur when traits benefit one sex but hinder the other. We identified the genetic basis for the orange-blotch (OB) color pattern, a trait under sexually antagonistic selection in the cichlid fish of Lake Malawi, East Africa. The OB phenotype is due to a cis-regulatory mutation in the Pax7 gene. OB provides benefits of camouflage to females but disrupts the species-specific male color patterns used for mate recognition. We suggest that the resulting sexual conflict over the OB allele has been resolved by selection for a novel female sex determination locus that has invaded populations with an ancestral male sex determination system.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3174268/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3174268/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Roberts, Reade B -- Ser, Jennifer R -- Kocher, Thomas D -- F32HD051383/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- R01 HD058635/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- R01 HD058635-04/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- R01HD058635/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Nov 13;326(5955):998-1001. doi: 10.1126/science.1174705. Epub 2009 Oct 1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19797625" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Africa, Eastern ; Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Chromosome Mapping ; Cichlids/*genetics/*physiology ; Female ; Fresh Water ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genetic Fitness ; Genetic Speciation ; Haplotypes ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; Male ; *Mating Preference, Animal ; Melanophores/cytology/metabolism ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Molecular Sequence Data ; PAX7 Transcription Factor/*genetics ; Phenotype ; Pigmentation/*genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; *Selection, Genetic ; Sex Characteristics ; *Sex Determination Processes ; Sexual Behavior, Animal
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Conservation biology. Research wolves of Yellowstone killed in hunt (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-11-11
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Morell, Virginia -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Oct 23;326(5952):506-7. doi: 10.1126/science.326_506.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19900867" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Behavior, Animal ; *Conservation of Natural Resources ; Ecosystem ; Female ; Montana ; *Research ; *Wolves
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Breakthrough of the year. Ardipithecus ramidus (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-12-19
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gibbons, Ann -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Dec 18;326(5960):1598-9. doi: 10.1126/science.326.5960.1598-a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20019252" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Bone and Bones/anatomy & histology ; Ethiopia ; Female ; *Fossils ; Geography ; *Hominidae/anatomy & histology/classification/physiology ; Humans ; Locomotion ; Posture ; Skeleton ; Walking
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 95
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    Genome-wide survey of SNP variation uncovers the genetic structure of cattle breeds (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-04-25
    Beschreibung: The imprints of domestication and breed development on the genomes of livestock likely differ from those of companion animals. A deep draft sequence assembly of shotgun reads from a single Hereford female and comparative sequences sampled from six additional breeds were used to develop probes to interrogate 37,470 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 497 cattle from 19 geographically and biologically diverse breeds. These data show that cattle have undergone a rapid recent decrease in effective population size from a very large ancestral population, possibly due to bottlenecks associated with domestication, selection, and breed formation. Domestication and artificial selection appear to have left detectable signatures of selection within the cattle genome, yet the current levels of diversity within breeds are at least as great as exists within humans.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2735092/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2735092/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bovine HapMap Consortium -- Gibbs, Richard A -- Taylor, Jeremy F -- Van Tassell, Curtis P -- Barendse, William -- Eversole, Kellye A -- Gill, Clare A -- Green, Ronnie D -- Hamernik, Debora L -- Kappes, Steven M -- Lien, Sigbjorn -- Matukumalli, Lakshmi K -- McEwan, John C -- Nazareth, Lynne V -- Schnabel, Robert D -- Weinstock, George M -- Wheeler, David A -- Ajmone-Marsan, Paolo -- Boettcher, Paul J -- Caetano, Alexandre R -- Garcia, Jose Fernando -- Hanotte, Olivier -- Mariani, Paola -- Skow, Loren C -- Sonstegard, Tad S -- Williams, John L -- Diallo, Boubacar -- Hailemariam, Lemecha -- Martinez, Mario L -- Morris, Chris A -- Silva, Luiz O C -- Spelman, Richard J -- Mulatu, Woudyalew -- Zhao, Keyan -- Abbey, Colette A -- Agaba, Morris -- Araujo, Flabio R -- Bunch, Rowan J -- Burton, James -- Gorni, Chiara -- Olivier, Hanotte -- Harrison, Blair E -- Luff, Bill -- Machado, Marco A -- Mwakaya, Joel -- Plastow, Graham -- Sim, Warren -- Smith, Timothy -- Thomas, Merle B -- Valentini, Alessio -- Williams, Paul -- Womack, James -- Woolliams, John A -- Liu, Yue -- Qin, Xiang -- Worley, Kim C -- Gao, Chuan -- Jiang, Huaiyang -- Moore, Stephen S -- Ren, Yanru -- Song, Xing-Zhi -- Bustamante, Carlos D -- Hernandez, Ryan D -- Muzny, Donna M -- Patil, Shobha -- San Lucas, Anthony -- Fu, Qing -- Kent, Matthew P -- Vega, Richard -- Matukumalli, Aruna -- McWilliam, Sean -- Sclep, Gert -- Bryc, Katarzyna -- Choi, Jungwoo -- Gao, Hong -- Grefenstette, John J -- Murdoch, Brenda -- Stella, Alessandra -- Villa-Angulo, Rafael -- Wright, Mark -- Aerts, Jan -- Jann, Oliver -- Negrini, Riccardo -- Goddard, Mike E -- Hayes, Ben J -- Bradley, Daniel G -- Barbosa da Silva, Marcos -- Lau, Lilian P L -- Liu, George E -- Lynn, David J -- Panzitta, Francesca -- Dodds, Ken G -- R01 GM083606/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM083606-02/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG003273/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Apr 24;324(5926):528-32. doi: 10.1126/science.1167936.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19390050" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Breeding ; Cattle/*genetics ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; *Genetic Variation ; *Genome ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; *Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Population Density
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    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 96
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    Visualizing antigen-specific and infected cells in situ predicts outcomes in early viral infection (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-03-28
    Beschreibung: In the early stages of viral infection, outcomes depend on a race between expansion of infection and the immune response generated to contain it. We combined in situ tetramer staining with in situ hybridization to visualize, map, and quantify relationships between immune effector cells and their targets in tissues. In simian immunodeficiency virus infections in macaques and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infections in mice, the magnitude and timing of the establishment of an excess of effector cells versus targets were found to correlate with the extent of control and the infection outcome (i.e., control and clearance versus partial or poor control and persistent infection). This method highlights the importance of the location, timing, and magnitude of the immune response needed for a vaccine to be effective against agents of persistent infection, such as HIV-1.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2753492/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2753492/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Li, Qingsheng -- Skinner, Pamela J -- Ha, Sang-Jun -- Duan, Lijie -- Mattila, Teresa L -- Hage, Aaron -- White, Cara -- Barber, Daniel L -- O'Mara, Leigh -- Southern, Peter J -- Reilly, Cavan S -- Carlis, John V -- Miller, Christopher J -- Ahmed, Rafi -- Haase, Ashley T -- AI066314/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI20048/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI48484/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P01 AI066314/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P01 AI066314-010003/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P01 AI066314-020003/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P01 AI066314-030003/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P01 AI066314-040003/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P51 RR000169/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- P51 RR000169-430198/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI048484/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI048484-01/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI048484-02/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI048484-03/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI048484-04/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- RR00169/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Mar 27;323(5922):1726-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1168676.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19325114" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Arenaviridae Infections/*immunology/virology ; Cell Count ; Cervix Uteri/immunology/virology ; Female ; In Situ Hybridization ; Lymph Nodes/immunology/virology ; Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus/*immunology ; Lymphoid Tissue/immunology/virology ; Macaca mulatta ; Mice ; RNA, Viral/analysis ; Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*immunology/virology ; Simian Immunodeficiency Virus/*immunology/physiology ; Spleen/immunology/virology ; Staining and Labeling ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/*immunology ; Time Factors ; Vagina/immunology/virology ; Virus Replication
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    The surprising power of neighborly advice (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-03-21
    Beschreibung: Two experiments revealed that (i) people can more accurately predict their affective reactions to a future event when they know how a neighbor in their social network reacted to the event than when they know about the event itself and (ii) people do not believe this. Undergraduates made more accurate predictions about their affective reactions to a 5-minute speed date (n = 25) and to a peer evaluation (n = 88) when they knew only how another undergraduate had reacted to these events than when they had information about the events themselves. Both participants and independent judges mistakenly believed that predictions based on information about the event would be more accurate than predictions based on information about how another person had reacted to it.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gilbert, Daniel T -- Killingsworth, Matthew A -- Eyre, Rebecca N -- Wilson, Timothy D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Mar 20;323(5921):1617-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1166632.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. gilbert@wjh.harvard.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19299622" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Affect ; *Emotions ; Female ; *Forecasting ; Happiness ; Humans ; Male ; Peer Group ; *Social Perception
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 98
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    Widespread changes in synaptic markers as a function of sleep and wakefulness in Drosophila (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-04-04
    Beschreibung: Sleep is universal, strictly regulated, and necessary for cognition. Why this is so remains a mystery, although recent work suggests that sleep, memory, and plasticity are linked. However, little is known about how wakefulness and sleep affect synapses. Using Western blots and confocal microscopy in Drosophila, we found that protein levels of key components of central synapses were high after waking and low after sleep. These changes were related to behavioral state rather than time of day and occurred in all major areas of the Drosophila brain. The decrease of synaptic markers during sleep was progressive, and sleep was necessary for their decline. Thus, sleep may be involved in maintaining synaptic homeostasis altered by waking activities.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2715914/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2715914/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gilestro, Giorgio F -- Tononi, Giulio -- Cirelli, Chiara -- DP1 OD000579/OD/NIH HHS/ -- DP1 OD000579-01/OD/NIH HHS/ -- DP1 OD000579-02/OD/NIH HHS/ -- DP1 OD000579-03/OD/NIH HHS/ -- DP1 OD000579-04/OD/NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM075315/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Apr 3;324(5923):109-12. doi: 10.1126/science.1166673.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53719, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19342593" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Biological Clocks ; Blotting, Western ; Brain/physiology ; Circadian Rhythm ; Drosophila Proteins/*metabolism ; Drosophila melanogaster/*physiology ; Female ; Homeostasis ; Male ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Models, Animal ; Qa-SNARE Proteins/metabolism ; Sleep/*physiology ; Sleep Deprivation ; Synapses/*physiology ; Synapsins/metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins/metabolism ; Wakefulness/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 99
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    Retrovirus meeting. HIV/AIDS researchers reach for high-hanging fruit (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-02-21
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, Jon -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Feb 20;323(5917):996-7. doi: 10.1126/science.323.5917.996.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19229005" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): AIDS Vaccines ; Animals ; Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use ; Anti-Infective Agents/administration & dosage/therapeutic use ; Ape Diseases/epidemiology/immunology/virology ; Female ; *HIV Infections/drug therapy/immunology/prevention & control/virology ; *HIV-1/immunology/pathogenicity ; Humans ; Naphthalenesulfonates/administration & dosage/therapeutic use ; Pan troglodytes ; Polymers/administration & dosage/therapeutic use ; Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/epidemiology/immunology/virology ; Simian Immunodeficiency Virus/pathogenicity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    AIDS vaccine research. HIV natural resistance field finally overcomes resistance (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-12-17
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, Jon -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Dec 11;326(5959):1476-7. doi: 10.1126/science.326.5959.1476.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20007880" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): AIDS Vaccines ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology/virology ; Female ; Genes ; HIV/immunology/physiology ; HIV Infections/*immunology ; Hemophilia A ; Homosexuality, Male ; Humans ; *Immunity, Innate ; Killer Cells, Natural/immunology ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Male ; Prostitution ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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