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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2012-03-09
    Description: Author(s): C. Cremaschini, M. Tessarotto, and J. C. Miller This Letter presents a kinetic description of low-frequency and long-wavelength axisymmetric electromagnetic perturbations in nonrelativistic, strongly magnetized, and gravitationally bound axisymmetric accretion-disk plasmas in the collisionless regime. The analysis, carried out within the framewor... [Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 101101] Published Thu Mar 08, 2012
    Keywords: Gravitation and Astrophysics
    Print ISSN: 0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114
    Topics: Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2009-05-01
    Description: Agricultural biotechnology is limited by the inefficiencies of conventional random mutagenesis and transgenesis. Because targeted genome modification in plants has been intractable, plant trait engineering remains a laborious, time-consuming and unpredictable undertaking. Here we report a broadly applicable, versatile solution to this problem: the use of designed zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs) that induce a double-stranded break at their target locus. We describe the use of ZFNs to modify endogenous loci in plants of the crop species Zea mays. We show that simultaneous expression of ZFNs and delivery of a simple heterologous donor molecule leads to precise targeted addition of an herbicide-tolerance gene at the intended locus in a significant number of isolated events. ZFN-modified maize plants faithfully transmit these genetic changes to the next generation. Insertional disruption of one target locus, IPK1, results in both herbicide tolerance and the expected alteration of the inositol phosphate profile in developing seeds. ZFNs can be used in any plant species amenable to DNA delivery; our results therefore establish a new strategy for plant genetic manipulation in basic science and agricultural applications.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shukla, Vipula K -- Doyon, Yannick -- Miller, Jeffrey C -- DeKelver, Russell C -- Moehle, Erica A -- Worden, Sarah E -- Mitchell, Jon C -- Arnold, Nicole L -- Gopalan, Sunita -- Meng, Xiangdong -- Choi, Vivian M -- Rock, Jeremy M -- Wu, Ying-Ying -- Katibah, George E -- Zhifang, Gao -- McCaskill, David -- Simpson, Matthew A -- Blakeslee, Beth -- Greenwalt, Scott A -- Butler, Holly J -- Hinkley, Sarah J -- Zhang, Lei -- Rebar, Edward J -- Gregory, Philip D -- Urnov, Fyodor D -- England -- Nature. 2009 May 21;459(7245):437-41. doi: 10.1038/nature07992. Epub 2009 Apr 29.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Dow AgroSciences, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, USA. vkshukla@dow.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19404259" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biotechnology/*methods ; Deoxyribonucleases/*chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Food, Genetically Modified ; Gene Targeting/*methods ; Genes, Plant/genetics ; Genome, Plant/*genetics ; Herbicide Resistance/genetics ; Herbicides/pharmacology ; Heredity ; Inositol Phosphates/metabolism ; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed/methods ; Plants, Genetically Modified ; Recombination, Genetic/genetics ; Reproducibility of Results ; Zea mays/*genetics ; *Zinc Fingers
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2009-07-25
    Description: The toolbox of rat genetics currently lacks the ability to introduce site-directed, heritable mutations into the genome to create knockout animals. By using engineered zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs) designed to target an integrated reporter and two endogenous rat genes, Immunoglobulin M (IgM) and Rab38, we demonstrate that a single injection of DNA or messenger RNA encoding ZFNs into the one-cell rat embryo leads to a high frequency of animals carrying 25 to 100% disruption at the target locus. These mutations are faithfully and efficiently transmitted through the germline. Our data demonstrate the feasibility of targeted gene disruption in multiple rat strains within 4 months time, paving the way to a humanized monoclonal antibody platform and additional human disease models.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2831805/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2831805/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Geurts, Aron M -- Cost, Gregory J -- Freyvert, Yevgeniy -- Zeitler, Bryan -- Miller, Jeffrey C -- Choi, Vivian M -- Jenkins, Shirin S -- Wood, Adam -- Cui, Xiaoxia -- Meng, Xiangdong -- Vincent, Anna -- Lam, Stephen -- Michalkiewicz, Mieczyslaw -- Schilling, Rebecca -- Foeckler, Jamie -- Kalloway, Shawn -- Weiler, Hartmut -- Menoret, Severine -- Anegon, Ignacio -- Davis, Gregory D -- Zhang, Lei -- Rebar, Edward J -- Gregory, Philip D -- Urnov, Fyodor D -- Jacob, Howard J -- Buelow, Roland -- 5P01HL082798-03/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- 5U01HL066579-08/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- P01 HL082798/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- P01 HL082798-03/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- U01 HL066579/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- U01 HL066579-08/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Jul 24;325(5939):433. doi: 10.1126/science.1172447.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Human and Molecular Genetics Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 52336, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19628861" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Dna ; Embryo, Mammalian ; Endodeoxyribonucleases/genetics/*metabolism ; Feasibility Studies ; Female ; *Gene Knockout Techniques ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; Immunoglobulin M/*genetics ; Male ; *Microinjections ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed ; RNA, Messenger ; Rats ; *Zinc Fingers/genetics ; rab GTP-Binding Proteins/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2013-01-26
    Description: Pulsars emit from low-frequency radio waves up to high-energy gamma-rays, generated anywhere from the stellar surface out to the edge of the magnetosphere. Detecting correlated mode changes across the electromagnetic spectrum is therefore key to understanding the physical relationship among the emission sites. Through simultaneous observations, we detected synchronous switching in the radio and x-ray emission properties of PSR B0943+10. When the pulsar is in a sustained radio-"bright" mode, the x-rays show only an unpulsed, nonthermal component. Conversely, when the pulsar is in a radio-"quiet" mode, the x-ray luminosity more than doubles and a 100% pulsed thermal component is observed along with the nonthermal component. This indicates rapid, global changes to the conditions in the magnetosphere, which challenge all proposed pulsar emission theories.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hermsen, W -- Hessels, J W T -- Kuiper, L -- van Leeuwen, J -- Mitra, D -- de Plaa, J -- Rankin, J M -- Stappers, B W -- Wright, G A E -- Basu, R -- Alexov, A -- Coenen, T -- Griessmeier, J-M -- Hassall, T E -- Karastergiou, A -- Keane, E -- Kondratiev, V I -- Kramer, M -- Kuniyoshi, M -- Noutsos, A -- Serylak, M -- Pilia, M -- Sobey, C -- Weltevrede, P -- Zagkouris, K -- Asgekar, A -- Avruch, I M -- Batejat, F -- Bell, M E -- Bell, M R -- Bentum, M J -- Bernardi, G -- Best, P -- Birzan, L -- Bonafede, A -- Breitling, F -- Broderick, J -- Bruggen, M -- Butcher, H R -- Ciardi, B -- Duscha, S -- Eisloffel, J -- Falcke, H -- Fender, R -- Ferrari, C -- Frieswijk, W -- Garrett, M A -- de Gasperin, F -- de Geus, E -- Gunst, A W -- Heald, G -- Hoeft, M -- Horneffer, A -- Iacobelli, M -- Kuper, G -- Maat, P -- Macario, G -- Markoff, S -- McKean, J P -- Mevius, M -- Miller-Jones, J C A -- Morganti, R -- Munk, H -- Orru, E -- Paas, H -- Pandey-Pommier, M -- Pandey, V N -- Pizzo, R -- Polatidis, A G -- Rawlings, S -- Reich, W -- Rottgering, H -- Scaife, A M M -- Schoenmakers, A -- Shulevski, A -- Sluman, J -- Steinmetz, M -- Tagger, M -- Tang, Y -- Tasse, C -- ter Veen, S -- Vermeulen, R -- van de Brink, R H -- van Weeren, R J -- Wijers, R A M J -- Wise, M W -- Wucknitz, O -- Yatawatta, S -- Zarka, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Jan 25;339(6118):436-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1230960.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉SRON, Netherlands Institute for Space Research, Sorbonnelaan 2, 3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands. w.hermsen@sron.nl〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23349288" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2013-05-25
    Description: Dwarf novae are white dwarfs accreting matter from a nearby red dwarf companion. Their regular outbursts are explained by a thermal-viscous instability in the accretion disc, described by the disc instability model that has since been successfully extended to other accreting systems. However, the prototypical dwarf nova, SS Cygni, presents a major challenge to our understanding of accretion disc theory. At the distance of 159 +/- 12 parsecs measured by the Hubble Space Telescope, it is too luminous to be undergoing the observed regular outbursts. Using very long baseline interferometric radio observations, we report an accurate, model-independent distance to SS Cygni that places the source substantially closer at 114 +/- 2 parsecs. This reconciles the source behavior with our understanding of accretion disc theory in accreting compact objects.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Miller-Jones, J C A -- Sivakoff, G R -- Knigge, C -- Kording, E G -- Templeton, M -- Waagen, E O -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 May 24;340(6135):950-2. doi: 10.1126/science.1237145.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845, Australia. james.miller-jones@curtin.edu.au〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23704566" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 1993-10-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Copeland, N G -- Gilbert, D J -- Jenkins, N A -- Nadeau, J H -- Eppig, J T -- Maltais, L J -- Miller, J C -- Dietrich, W F -- Steen, R G -- Lincoln, S E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Oct 1;262(5130):67-82.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉National Cancer Institute, Frederick MD.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8211131" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Chromosome Mapping ; Genetic Markers ; *Genome ; Genome, Human ; Humans ; Mice/*genetics ; Mice, Inbred Strains/genetics ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 1993-10-01
    Description: Technological advances have made possible the development of high-resolution genetic linkage maps for the mouse. These maps in turn offer exciting prospects for understanding mammalian genome evolution through comparative mapping, for developing mouse models of human disease, and for identifying the function of all genes in the organism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Copeland, N G -- Jenkins, N A -- Gilbert, D J -- Eppig, J T -- Maltais, L J -- Miller, J C -- Dietrich, W F -- Weaver, A -- Lincoln, S E -- Steen, R G -- HG00198/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- N01-CO-74101/CO/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Oct 1;262(5130):57-66.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉ABL-Basic Research Program, National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, MD 21702.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8211130" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Evolution ; *Chromosome Mapping ; Cloning, Molecular ; Crosses, Genetic ; Female ; Genetic Markers ; *Genome ; Human Genome Project ; Humans ; Male ; Mice/*genetics ; Multigene Family ; Muridae/*genetics ; Mutation ; Neoplasms/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2012-12-14
    Description: A subset of ultraluminous X-ray sources (those with luminosities of less than 10(40) erg s(-1); ref. 1) are thought to be powered by the accretion of gas onto black holes with masses of approximately 5-20M cicled dot, probably by means of an accretion disk. The X-ray and radio emission are coupled in such Galactic sources; the radio emission originates in a relativistic jet thought to be launched from the innermost regions near the black hole, with the most powerful emission occurring when the rate of infalling matter approaches a theoretical maximum (the Eddington limit). Only four such maximal sources are known in the Milky Way, and the absorption of soft X-rays in the interstellar medium hinders the determination of the causal sequence of events that leads to the ejection of the jet. Here we report radio and X-ray observations of a bright new X-ray source in the nearby galaxy M 31, whose peak luminosity exceeded 10(39) erg s(-1). The radio luminosity is extremely high and shows variability on a timescale of tens of minutes, arguing that the source is highly compact and powered by accretion close to the Eddington limit onto a black hole of stellar mass. Continued radio and X-ray monitoring of such sources should reveal the causal relationship between the accretion flow and the powerful jet emission.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Middleton, Matthew J -- Miller-Jones, James C A -- Markoff, Sera -- Fender, Rob -- Henze, Martin -- Hurley-Walker, Natasha -- Scaife, Anna M M -- Roberts, Timothy P -- Walton, Dominic -- Carpenter, John -- Macquart, Jean-Pierre -- Bower, Geoffrey C -- Gurwell, Mark -- Pietsch, Wolfgang -- Haberl, Frank -- Harris, Jonathan -- Daniel, Michael -- Miah, Junayd -- Done, Chris -- Morgan, John S -- Dickinson, Hugh -- Charles, Phil -- Burwitz, Vadim -- Della Valle, Massimo -- Freyberg, Michael -- Greiner, Jochen -- Hernanz, Margarita -- Hartmann, Dieter H -- Hatzidimitriou, Despina -- Riffeser, Arno -- Sala, Gloria -- Seitz, Stella -- Reig, Pablo -- Rau, Arne -- Orio, Marina -- Titterington, David -- Grainge, Keith -- England -- Nature. 2013 Jan 10;493(7431):187-90. doi: 10.1038/nature11697. Epub 2012 Dec 12.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Physics Department, University of Durham, Durham DH1 3LE, UK. m.j.middleton@durham.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23235823" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2012-10-06
    Description: Hundreds of stellar-mass black holes probably form in a typical globular star cluster, with all but one predicted to be ejected through dynamical interactions. Some observational support for this idea is provided by the lack of X-ray-emitting binary stars comprising one black hole and one other star ('black-hole/X-ray binaries') in Milky Way globular clusters, even though many neutron-star/X-ray binaries are known. Although a few black holes have been seen in globular clusters around other galaxies, the masses of these cannot be determined, and some may be intermediate-mass black holes that form through exotic mechanisms. Here we report the presence of two flat-spectrum radio sources in the Milky Way globular cluster M22, and we argue that these objects are black holes of stellar mass (each approximately 10-20 times more massive than the Sun) that are accreting matter. We find a high ratio of radio-to-X-ray flux for these black holes, consistent with the larger predicted masses of black holes in globular clusters compared to those outside. The identification of two black holes in one cluster shows that ejection of black holes is not as efficient as predicted by most models, and we argue that M22 may contain a total population of approximately 5-100 black holes. The large core radius of M22 could arise from heating produced by the black holes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Strader, Jay -- Chomiuk, Laura -- Maccarone, Thomas J -- Miller-Jones, James C A -- Seth, Anil C -- England -- Nature. 2012 Oct 4;490(7418):71-3. doi: 10.1038/nature11490.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA. strader@pa.msu.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23038466" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2013-11-15
    Description: Accreting black holes are known to power relativistic jets, both in stellar-mass binary systems and at the centres of galaxies. The power carried away by the jets, and, hence, the feedback they provide to their surroundings, depends strongly on their composition. Jets containing a baryonic component should carry significantly more energy than electron-positron jets. Energetic considerations and circular-polarization measurements have provided conflicting circumstantial evidence for the presence or absence of baryons in jets, and the only system in which they have been unequivocally detected is the peculiar X-ray binary SS 433 (refs 4, 5). Here we report the detection of Doppler-shifted X-ray emission lines from a more typical black-hole candidate X-ray binary, 4U 1630-47, coincident with the reappearance of radio emission from the jets of the source. We argue that these lines arise from baryonic matter in a jet travelling at approximately two-thirds the speed of light, thereby establishing the presence of baryons in the jet. Such baryonic jets are more likely to be powered by the accretion disk than by the spin of the black hole, and if the baryons can be accelerated to relativistic speeds, the jets should be strong sources of gamma-rays and neutrino emission.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Trigo, Maria Diaz -- Miller-Jones, James C A -- Migliari, Simone -- Broderick, Jess W -- Tzioumis, Tasso -- England -- Nature. 2013 Dec 12;504(7479):260-2. doi: 10.1038/nature12672. Epub 2013 Nov 13.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild-Strasse 2, 85748 Garching bei Munchen, Germany. ; International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia. ; Departament d'Astronomia i Meteorologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Marti I Franques 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain. ; School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK. ; Australia Telescope National Facility, CSIRO, PO Box 76, Epping, New South Wales 1710, Australia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24226774" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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