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  • 101
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    Structure of the RGD protein decorsin: conserved motif and distinct function in leech proteins that affect blood clotting (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-06-24
    Beschreibung: The structure of the leech protein decorsin, a potent 39-residue antagonist of glycoprotein IIb-IIIa and inhibitor of platelet aggregation, was determined by nuclear magnetic resonance. In contrast to other disintegrins, the Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD)-containing region of decorsin is well defined. The three-dimensional structure of decorsin is similar to that of hirudin, an anticoagulant leech protein that potently inhibits thrombin. Amino acid sequence comparisons suggest that ornatin, another glycoprotein IIb-IIIa antagonist, and antistasin, a potent Factor Xa inhibitor and anticoagulant found in leeches, share the same structural motif. Although decorsin, hirudin, and antistasin all affect the blood clotting process and appear similar in structure, their mechanisms of action and epitopes important for binding to their respective targets are distinct.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Krezel, A M -- Wagner, G -- Seymour-Ulmer, J -- Lazarus, R A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jun 24;264(5167):1944-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8009227" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Hirudins/chemistry ; Invertebrate Hormones/chemistry ; *Leeches ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oligopeptides/chemistry ; Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Proteins/*chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 102
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    Identification of the ron gene product as the receptor for the human macrophage stimulating protein (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-10-07
    Beschreibung: Macrophage-stimulating protein (MSP) is a member of the hepatocyte growth factor-scatter factor (HGF-SF) family. Labeled MSP bound to Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells transfected with complementary DNA encoding Ron, a cell membrane protein tyrosine kinase. Cross-linking of 125I-labeled MSP to transfected cells (MDCK-RE7 cells) and immunoprecipitation by antibodies to Ron revealed a 220-kilodalton complex, a size consistent with that of MSP (80 kilodaltons) cross-linked to the beta chain of Ron (150 kilodaltons). The binding of 125I-labeled MSP to MDCK-RE7 cells was inhibited by unlabeled MSP, but not by HGF-SF. MSP caused phosphorylation of the beta chain of Ron and induced migration of MDCK-RE7 cells. These results establish the ron gene product as a specific cell-surface receptor for MSP.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wang, M H -- Ronsin, C -- Gesnel, M C -- Coupey, L -- Skeel, A -- Leonard, E J -- Breathnach, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Oct 7;266(5182):117-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Immunopathology Section, National Cancer Institute, Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, MD 21702.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7939629" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Binding Sites ; Binding, Competitive ; Cell Line ; Cell Movement/drug effects ; Cross-Linking Reagents ; Dogs ; Growth Substances/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Hepatocyte Growth Factor/metabolism ; Humans ; Phosphorylation ; Plasminogen/metabolism ; *Proto-Oncogene Proteins ; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/genetics/*metabolism ; Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics/*metabolism ; Transfection
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 103
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    Structural clues to prion replication (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-04-22
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, F E -- Pan, K M -- Huang, Z -- Baldwin, M -- Fletterick, R J -- Prusiner, S B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Apr 22;264(5158):530-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0518.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7909169" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Models, Biological ; Mutation ; PrPSc Proteins ; Prion Diseases/*metabolism/transmission ; Prions/*biosynthesis/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Structure, Secondary
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 104
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    Cancer researcher returns grant (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-11-25
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Nov 25;266(5189):1318.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7973717" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Financing, Government ; *Genetic Engineering ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*economics ; Neoplasms/*genetics ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 105
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    Changes of induction and competence during the evolution of vulva development in nematodes (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-07-01
    Beschreibung: In Caenorhabditis, the vulva is formed in the central body region from three of six equivalent cells and is induced by the gonad. In some nematodes, however, the vulva is located in the posterior body region. Vulval development has been analyzed in three such genera. The same precursor cells give rise to the vulva in Caenorhabditis and in the posterior vulva species, but in the latter the cells first migrate posteriorly. In two such species, the vulva is not induced by the gonad, but instead relies on intrinsic properties of precursor cells. Thus, evolution of organ position involves changes in induction and competence.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sommer, R J -- Sternberg, P W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jul 1;265(5168):114-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena 91125.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8016644" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Caenorhabditis elegans/cytology/*growth & development ; Cell Communication ; Cell Differentiation ; Female ; Gonads/cytology/physiology ; Rhabditoidea/cytology/*growth & development ; Species Specificity ; Vulva/cytology/growth & development
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 106
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    Suppression of odorant responses by odorants in olfactory receptor cells (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-07-01
    Beschreibung: Odorants activate an inward current in vertebrate olfactory receptor cells. Here it is shown, in receptor cells from the newt, that odorants can also suppress this current, by a mechanism that is distinct from inhibition and adaptation. Suppression provides a simple explanation for two seemingly unrelated phenomena: the anomalously long latency of olfactory transduction and the existence of an "off response" at the end of a prolonged stimulus. Suppression may influence the perception of odorants by masking odorant responses and by sharpening the odorant specificities of single cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kurahashi, T -- Lowe, G -- Gold, G H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jul 1;265(5168):118-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8016645" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Acetophenones/pharmacology ; Animals ; Cyclohexenes ; Membrane Potentials ; *Odors ; Olfactory Receptor Neurons/*physiology ; Pentanols/pharmacology ; Receptors, Odorant/*physiology ; Salamandridae ; *Signal Transduction ; Terpenes/pharmacology ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 107
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    Formation of nascent intercalated disks between grafted fetal cardiomyocytes and host myocardium (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-04-01
    Beschreibung: Fetal cardiomyocytes isolated from transgenic mice carrying a fusion gene of the alpha-cardiac myosin heavy chain promoter with a beta-galactosidase reporter were examined for their ability to form stable intracardiac grafts. Embryonic day 15 transgenic cardiomyocytes delivered directly into the myocardium of syngeneic hosts formed stable grafts, as identified by nuclear beta-galactosidase activity. Grafted cardiomyocytes were observed as long as 2 months after implantation, the latest date assayed. Intracardiac graft formation did not induce overtly negative effects on the host myocardium and was not associated with chronic immune rejection. Electron microscopy revealed the presence of nascent intercalated disks connecting the engrafted fetal cardiomyocytes and the host myocardium. These results suggest that intracardiac grafting might provide a useful approach for myocardial repair, provided that the grafted cells can contribute to myocardial function.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Soonpaa, M H -- Koh, G Y -- Klug, M G -- Field, L J -- HL45453/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Apr 1;264(5155):98-101.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Krannert Institute of Cardiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis 46202-4800.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8140423" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Communication ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; *Cell Transplantation ; DNA/biosynthesis ; DNA Primers ; Electrocardiography ; Fetal Heart/*cytology ; *Fetal Tissue Transplantation ; Gap Junctions/physiology/ultrastructure ; Genetic Markers ; Heart/physiology ; Intercellular Junctions/physiology/*ultrastructure ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Myocardium/*cytology/ultrastructure ; beta-Galactosidase/analysis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 108
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    Carcinogenicity of chloroform (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-06-10
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Messing, R B -- Gust, L D -- Petersen, D W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jun 10;264(5165):1518-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8202700" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; *Carcinogenicity Tests ; Chloroform/administration & dosage/*toxicity ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms/*chemically induced ; Rats ; Risk Factors ; *Water Supply
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 109
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    Lymphocyte life-span and memory (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-09-02
    Beschreibung: Differentiation of immature T and B cells in the primary lymphoid organs gives rise to a pool of long-lived lymphocytes that recirculate through the secondary lymphoid tissues. On the basis of their surface markers, T and B cells comprise a mixture of naive and memory cells with differing life-spans. Immunization (and vaccination) causes naive lymphocytes to proliferate and differentiate into effector cells and memory cells. Whether the survival of memory cells is innate or requires persistent contact with residual antigen is controversial. Resolving this issue may be crucial for designing optimal vaccines.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sprent, J -- Tough, D F -- AI21487/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- CA25803/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA38355/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Sep 2;265(5177):1395-400.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Immunology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8073282" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Antigens/*immunology ; B-Lymphocytes/cytology/*immunology ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Survival ; Humans ; Immunization ; Immunologic Memory/*immunology ; Lymphoid Tissue/cytology/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes/cytology/*immunology ; Vaccines/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 110
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    Mediation of hippocampal mossy fiber long-term potentiation by cyclic AMP (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-09-23
    Beschreibung: Repetitive activation of hippocampal mossy fibers evokes a long-term potentiation (LTP) of synaptic responses in pyramidal cells in the CA3 region that is independent of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activation. Previous results suggest that the site for both the induction and expression of this form of LTP is presynaptic. Experimental elevation of cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) both mimics and interferes with tetanus-induced mossy fiber LTP, and blockers of the cAMP cascade block mossy fiber LTP. It is proposed that calcium entry into the presynaptic terminal may activate Ca(2+)-calmodulin-sensitive adenylyl cyclase I which, through protein kinase A, causes a persistent enhancement of evoked glutamate release.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weisskopf, M G -- Castillo, P E -- Zalutsky, R A -- Nicoll, R A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Sep 23;265(5180):1878-82.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0450.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7916482" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Calcium/metabolism ; *Carbazoles ; Colforsin/pharmacology ; Cyclic AMP/*metabolism ; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Glutamates/metabolism/pharmacology ; Glutamic Acid ; Guinea Pigs ; Hippocampus/*physiology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Indoles/pharmacology ; Isoquinolines/pharmacology ; *Long-Term Potentiation/drug effects ; Models, Biological ; Nerve Fibers/*physiology ; Presynaptic Terminals/metabolism ; Pyramidal Cells/physiology ; Pyrroles/pharmacology ; *Sulfonamides ; Synaptic Transmission/drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 111
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    A panoramic code for sound location by cortical neurons (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-05-06
    Beschreibung: By conventional spike count measures, auditory neurons in the cat's anterior ectosylvian sulcus cortical area are broadly tuned for the location of a sound source. Nevertheless, an artificial neural network was trained to classify the temporal spike patterns of single neurons according to sound location. The spike patterns of 73 percent of single neurons coded sound location with more than twice the chance level of accuracy, and spike patterns consistently carried more information than spike counts alone. In contrast to neurons that are sharply tuned for location, these neurons appear to encode sound locations throughout 360 degrees of azimuth.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Middlebrooks, J C -- Clock, A E -- Xu, L -- Green, D M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 May 6;264(5160):842-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida Brain Institute, Gainesville 32610-0244.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8171339" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Acoustic Stimulation ; Action Potentials ; Animals ; Auditory Cortex/cytology/*physiology ; Cats ; Likelihood Functions ; Neural Networks (Computer) ; Neurons/*physiology ; Sound Localization/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 112
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    Innervation of the heart and its central medullary origin defined by viral tracing (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-01-14
    Beschreibung: The vagus nerve exerts a profound influence on the heart, regulating the heart rate and rhythm. An extensive vagal innervation of the cardiac ventricles and the central origin and extent of this innervation was demonstrated by transynaptic transport of pseudorabies virus with a virulent and two attenuated pseudorabies viral strains. The neurons that innervate the ventricles are numerous, and their distribution within the nucleus ambiguus and dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus is similar to that of neurons innervating other cardiac targets, such as the sino-atrial node. These data provide a neuroanatomical correlate to the physiological influence of the vagus nerve on ventricular function.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Standish, A -- Enquist, L W -- Schwaber, J S -- MH-43787/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jan 14;263(5144):232-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Neural Computation Group, E. I. DuPont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, DE 19880-0323.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8284675" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Brain Mapping ; Heart Ventricles/*innervation/microbiology ; Herpesvirus 1, Suid/pathogenicity/*physiology ; Interneurons/cytology ; Medulla Oblongata/*anatomy & histology/microbiology ; Motor Neurons/cytology ; Neural Pathways ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Vagus Nerve/*anatomy & histology/microbiology ; Virulence
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 113
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    Watching the brain remake itself (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-12-02
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barinaga, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Dec 2;266(5190):1475-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7985011" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Brain/*physiology ; Fear/physiology ; Humans ; Learning/physiology ; Motor Cortex/physiology ; Nerve Growth Factors/physiology ; Nerve Net/*physiology ; Neural Pathways/physiology ; Neuronal Plasticity/*physiology ; Pain/physiopathology ; Rats ; Synapses/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 114
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    Roles of N-type and Q-type Ca2+ channels in supporting hippocampal synaptic transmission (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-04-01
    Beschreibung: Several types of calcium channels found in the central nervous system are possible participants in triggering neurotransmitter release. Synaptic transmission between hippocampal CA3 and CA1 neurons was mediated by N-type calcium channels, together with calcium channels whose pharmacology differs from that of L- and P-type channels but resembles that of the Q-type channel encoded by the alpha 1A subunit gene. Blockade of either population of channels strongly increased enhancement of synaptic transmission with repetitive stimuli. Even after complete blockade of N-type channels, transmission was strongly modulated by stimulation of neurotransmitter receptors or protein kinase C. These findings suggest a role for alpha 1A subunits in synaptic transmission and support the idea that neurotransmitter release may depend on multiple types of calcium channels under physiological conditions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wheeler, D B -- Randall, A -- Tsien, R W -- MH48108-02/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Apr 1;264(5155):107-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Beckman Center for Molecular and Genetic Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA 94305.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7832825" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Calcium Channel Blockers/pharmacology ; Calcium Channels/drug effects/*physiology ; Hippocampus/drug effects/*physiology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Peptides/pharmacology ; Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate/pharmacology ; Protein Kinase C/metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Cholinergic/metabolism ; Receptors, GABA-B/metabolism ; Receptors, Glutamate/metabolism ; Receptors, Purinergic P1/metabolism ; Spider Venoms/pharmacology ; *Synaptic Transmission/drug effects ; omega-Agatoxin IVA ; omega-Conotoxin GVIA ; *omega-Conotoxins
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 115
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    Binding of 14-3-3 proteins to the protein kinase Raf and effects on its activation (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-09-16
    Beschreibung: To identify proteins that may participate in the activation of the protein kinase Raf, proteins that interact with Raf were selected in a two-hybrid screen. Two members of the 14-3-3 protein family were isolated that interacted with both the amino terminal regulatory regions of Raf and the kinase domain of Raf, but did not compete with the guanine nucleotide-binding protein Ras for binding to Raf. 14-3-3 proteins associated with Raf in mammalian cells and accompanied Raf to the membrane in the presence of activated Ras. In yeast cells expressing Raf and MEK, mammalian 14-3-3 beta or 14-3-3 zeta activated Raf to a similar extent as did expression of Ras. Therefore, 14-3-3 proteins may participate in or be required for the regulation of Raf function. These findings suggest a role for 14-3-3 proteins in Raf-mediated signal transduction.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Freed, E -- Symons, M -- Macdonald, S G -- McCormick, F -- Ruggieri, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Sep 16;265(5179):1713-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Onyx Pharmaceuticals, Richmond, CA 94806-5206.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8085158" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): 14-3-3 Proteins ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Cell Line ; Cell Membrane/enzymology ; Cytosol/enzymology ; Enzyme Activation ; GTP-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; MAP Kinase Kinase 1 ; *Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/*metabolism ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/genetics/metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/chemistry/*metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf ; Recombinant Proteins/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics/growth & development ; Signal Transduction ; *Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase ; Zinc Fingers
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 116
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    Genetic control of programmed cell death in Drosophila (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-04-29
    Beschreibung: A gene, reaper (rpr), that appears to play a central control function for the initiation of programmed cell death (apoptosis) in Drosophila was identified. Virtually all programmed cell death that normally occurs during Drosophila embryogenesis was blocked in embryos homozygous for a small deletion that includes the reaper gene. Mutant embryos contained many extra cells and failed to hatch, but many other aspects of development appeared quite normal. Deletions that include reaper also protected embryos from apoptosis caused by x-irradiation and developmental defects. However, high doses of x-rays induced some apoptosis in mutant embryos, and the resulting corpses were phagocytosed by macrophages. These data suggest that the basic cell death program is intact although it was not activated in mutant embryos. The DNA encompassed by the deletion was cloned and the reaper gene was identified on the basis of the ability of cloned DNA to restore apoptosis to cell death defective embryos in germ line transformation experiments. The reaper gene appears to encode a small peptide that shows no homology to known proteins, and reaper messenger RNA is expressed in cells destined to undergo apoptosis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉White, K -- Grether, M E -- Abrams, J M -- Young, L -- Farrell, K -- Steller, H -- 5 F32 NS08536/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Apr 29;264(5159):677-83.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Cambridge, MA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8171319" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Apoptosis/*genetics ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA Primers ; Drosophila/cytology/embryology/*genetics ; *Drosophila Proteins ; Embryo, Nonmammalian/cytology ; *Genes, Insect ; Models, Genetic ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Nervous System/cytology ; Neurons/cytology ; Peptides/chemistry/*genetics/physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 117
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    Neuroscience. To sleep, perchance to ... learn? New studies say yes (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-07-29
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barinaga, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jul 29;265(5172):603-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8036508" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Humans ; Learning/*physiology ; Memory/physiology ; Rats ; Sleep/*physiology ; Sleep, REM/physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 118
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    How ATP drives proteins across membranes (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-11-18
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wickner, W T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Nov 18;266(5188):1197-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, NH 03755-3844.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7973701" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adenosine Triphosphatases/metabolism ; Adenosine Triphosphate/*metabolism ; Animals ; Bacterial Proteins/metabolism ; Biological Transport, Active ; Cell Membrane/*metabolism ; Endoplasmic Reticulum/metabolism ; Escherichia coli/metabolism ; *Escherichia coli Proteins ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins/metabolism ; Intracellular Membranes/*metabolism ; *Membrane Transport Proteins ; Mitochondria/metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Protein Precursors/*metabolism ; Signal Recognition Particle/metabolism ; Yeasts
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 119
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    Will molecular data set the stage for a synthesis? (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-02-11
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Feb 11;263(5148):758.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8303291" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Computer Simulation ; DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics ; HLA Antigens/analysis/genetics ; Humans ; *Molecular Biology ; Turtles/genetics
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 120
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    Neurotrophic factors enter the clinic (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-05-06
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barinaga, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 May 6;264(5160):772-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8171331" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Alzheimer Disease/drug therapy ; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/drug therapy ; Animals ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Humans ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/therapeutic use ; Nerve Growth Factors/*therapeutic use ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/*therapeutic use ; Nervous System Diseases/*drug therapy ; Neurons/drug effects ; Parkinson Disease/drug therapy ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases/drug therapy ; Rats
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 121
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    Role of bone marrow-derived cells in presenting MHC class I-restricted tumor antigens (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-05-13
    Beschreibung: Many tumors express tumor-specific antigens capable of being presented to CD8+ T cells by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules. Antigen presentation models predict that the tumor cell itself should present these antigens to T cells. However, when conditions for the priming of tumor-specific responses were examined in mice, no detectable presentation of MHC class I-restricted tumor antigens by the tumor itself was found. Rather, tumor antigens were exclusively presented by host bone marrow-derived cells. Thus, MHC class I-restricted antigens are efficiently transferred in vivo to bone marrow-derived antigen-presenting cells, which suggests that human leukocyte antigen matching may be less critical in the application of tumor vaccines than previously thought.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Huang, A Y -- Golumbek, P -- Ahmadzadeh, M -- Jaffee, E -- Pardoll, D -- Levitsky, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 May 13;264(5161):961-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7513904" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Antigen-Presenting Cells/*immunology ; Antigens, Neoplasm/*immunology ; Bone Marrow/immunology ; Bone Marrow Cells ; Colonic Neoplasms/immunology ; Epitopes ; Female ; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor/genetics/immunology ; H-2 Antigens/immunology ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/*immunology ; Melanoma, Experimental/immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Nucleocapsid Proteins ; *Nucleoproteins ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/*immunology ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; Viral Core Proteins/immunology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 122
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    Effects of cerebral ischemia in mice deficient in neuronal nitric oxide synthase (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-09-23
    Beschreibung: The proposal that nitric oxide (NO) or its reactant products mediate toxicity in brain remains controversial in part because of the use of nonselective agents that block NO formation in neuronal, glial, and vascular compartments. In mutant mice deficient in neuronal NO synthase (NOS) activity, infarct volumes decreased significantly 24 and 72 hours after middle cerebral artery occlusion, and the neurological deficits were less than those in normal mice. This result could not be accounted for by differences in blood flow or vascular anatomy. However, infarct size in the mutant became larger after endothelial NOS inhibition by nitro-L-arginine administration. Hence, neuronal NO production appears to exacerbate acute ischemic injury, whereas vascular NO protects after middle cerebral artery occlusion. The data emphasize the importance of developing selective inhibitors of the neuronal isoform.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Huang, Z -- Huang, P L -- Panahian, N -- Dalkara, T -- Fishman, M C -- Moskowitz, M A -- NS10828/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS2636/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Sep 23;265(5180):1883-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Stroke Research Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown 02129.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7522345" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Oxidoreductases/antagonists & inhibitors/deficiency/*metabolism ; Animals ; Arginine/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Brain/enzymology/*metabolism ; Brain Ischemia/complications/*metabolism ; Cerebral Infarction/*etiology ; Cerebrovascular Circulation ; Female ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Mutation ; Neurons/*enzymology ; Nitric Oxide/*metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; Nitroarginine
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 123
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    Diet and health: what should we eat? (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-04-22
    Beschreibung: Many recent studies have implicated dietary factors in the cause and prevention of important diseases, including cancer, coronary heart disease, birth defects, and cataracts. There is strong evidence that vegetables and fruits protect against these diseases; however, the active constituents are incompletely identified. Whether fat per se is a major cause of disease is a question still under debate, although saturated and partially hydrogenated fats probably increase the risk of coronary heart disease. One clear conclusion from existing epidemiologic evidence is that many individuals in the United States have suboptimal diets and that the potential for disease prevention by improved nutrition is substantial.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Willett, W C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Apr 22;264(5158):532-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8160011" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Coronary Disease/etiology/prevention & control ; Dairy Products ; *Diet ; Dietary Carbohydrates/administration & dosage ; Dietary Fats/administration & dosage ; Dietary Proteins/administration & dosage ; Female ; Fruit ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplasms/etiology/prevention & control ; *Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; *Preventive Medicine ; United States ; Vegetables
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 124
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    A specific inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-08-19
    Beschreibung: A small molecule called PD 153035 inhibited the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor tyrosine kinase with a 5-pM inhibition constant. The inhibitor was specific for the EGF receptor tyrosine kinase and inhibited other purified tyrosine kinases only at micromolar or higher concentrations. PD 153035 rapidly suppressed autophosphorylation of the EGF receptor at low nanomolar concentrations in fibroblasts or in human epidermoid carcinoma cells and selectively blocked EGF-mediated cellular processes including mitogenesis, early gene expression, and oncogenic transformation. PD 153035 demonstrates an increase in potency over that of other tyrosine kinase inhibitors of four to five orders of magnitude for inhibition of isolated EGF receptor tyrosine kinase and three to four orders of magnitude for inhibition of cellular phosphorylation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fry, D W -- Kraker, A J -- McMichael, A -- Ambroso, L A -- Nelson, J M -- Leopold, W R -- Connors, R W -- Bridges, A J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Aug 19;265(5175):1093-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Parke-Davis Pharmaceutical Research, Division of Warner-Lambert Company, Ann Arbor, MI 48105.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8066447" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): 3T3 Cells ; Animals ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/drug effects ; Epidermal Growth Factor/pharmacology ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2/pharmacology ; Gene Expression/drug effects ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Mice ; Mitosis/drug effects ; Phosphorylation/drug effects ; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/pharmacology ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors ; Quinazolines/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; Tyrosine/metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 125
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    Inhibition of hepatic chylomicron remnant uptake by gene transfer of a receptor antagonist (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-06-03
    Beschreibung: The low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP) has been proposed to mediate in concert with the LDL receptor (LDLR) the uptake of dietary lipoproteins into the hepatocytes. This hypothesis was tested by transient inactivation of LRP in vivo. Receptor-associated protein (RAP), a dominant negative regulator of LRP function, was transferred by an adenoviral vector to the livers of mice lacking LDLR (LDLR-/-). The inactivation of LRP by RAP was associated with a marked accumulation of chylomicron remnants in LDLR-/- mice and to a lesser degree in normal mice, suggesting that both LDLR and LRP are involved in remnant clearance.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Willnow, T E -- Sheng, Z -- Ishibashi, S -- Herz, J -- HL20948/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jun 3;264(5164):1471-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7515194" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adenoviridae/genetics ; Animals ; Apolipoprotein B-48 ; Apolipoproteins B/*metabolism ; Carrier Proteins/genetics/*physiology ; Cholesterol/blood ; Chylomicrons/blood/*metabolism ; Gene Transfer Techniques ; Genetic Vectors ; Glycoproteins/genetics/*physiology ; LDL-Receptor Related Protein-Associated Protein ; Liver/*metabolism ; Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-1 ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Receptors, Immunologic/antagonists & inhibitors/*metabolism ; Receptors, LDL/metabolism ; Triglycerides/blood ; alpha-Macroglobulins/metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 126
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    Cell suicide: by ICE, not fire (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-02-11
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barinaga, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Feb 11;263(5148):754-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8303290" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; *Apoptosis ; Caenorhabditis elegans/genetics ; Caspase 1 ; Cells, Cultured ; Free Radicals/metabolism ; Metalloendopeptidases/*genetics/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Neurons/cytology ; Oxygen/metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics/physiology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; Rats ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; bcl-X Protein
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 127
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    Electrical turbulence in three-dimensional heart muscle (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-11-11
    Beschreibung: Rotors or vortex action potentials with a diameter of about 1 centimeter and a rotation period of about 0.1 second occur in normal myocardium just before transition to fibrillation, a disorderly pattern of action potential propagation. Numerical models and corresponding mathematical analysis have recently suggested candidate mechanisms, all two-dimensional, for this transition from periodic electrical activity to something resembling turbulence. However, comparably recent experiments unanimously show that rotors, and the spiral waves they radiate, remain stably periodic in two-dimensional myocardium. This seeming paradox suggests a transition mediated through disorderly dynamics of the electrical vortex in three dimensions, as a "vortex filament."〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Winfree, A T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Nov 11;266(5187):1003-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7973648" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Action Potentials ; Animals ; Atrial Function ; Heart/*physiology ; Humans ; Mathematics ; *Models, Cardiovascular ; Ventricular Fibrillation/*physiopathology ; *Ventricular Function
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 128
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    Vector biology and the control of malaria in Africa (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-06-24
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Collins, F H -- Besansky, N J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jun 24;264(5167):1874-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Chamblee, GA 30341.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8009215" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Africa ; Animals ; Anopheles/*genetics/parasitology/physiology ; Chromosome Inversion ; Climate ; *Genes, Insect ; Genetic Engineering ; Genetics, Population ; Humans ; Insect Vectors/*genetics/parasitology/physiology ; Karyotyping ; Malaria/prevention & control/*transmission ; Plasmodium/physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 129
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    Global form and singularity: modeling the blind spot's role in lateral geniculate morphogenesis (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-03-04
    Beschreibung: Optic nerve terminals segregate by functional class into distinct layers in the lateral geniculate nucleus, the thalamic relay nucleus of the visual system. In the rhesus monkey, the number of geniculate layers changes abruptly from six posteriorly (central vision) to four anteriorly (peripheral vision). The plane of transition between these patterns passes through small laminar gaps corresponding to the perceptual blind spot caused by the exit of the optic nerve from the eyeball. However, this plane of transition has no apparent functional link to the blind spot. A thermodynamic model of geniculate morphogenesis supports the hypothesis that the blind spot traps the transition in its stereotypic position by introducing a singularity in an otherwise smooth gradient in forces guiding the development of geniculate morphogenesis. This relation suggests that small-scale anomalies may be important in the determination of large-scale patterns in biological structure.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lee, D -- Malpeli, J G -- EY02695/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Mar 4;263(5151):1292-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois, Champaign 61820.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8122115" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Geniculate Bodies/cytology/*growth & development/physiology ; Macaca mulatta ; Mathematics ; Models, Neurological ; Morphogenesis ; Optic Disk/*physiology ; Retinal Ganglion Cells/cytology/physiology ; Thermodynamics ; Visual Pathways/*growth & development
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 130
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    A dual embryonic origin for vertebrate mechanoreceptors (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-04-15
    Beschreibung: Neuromasts, the mechanoreceptors of the lateral line system of fishes and aquatic amphibians, have previously been thought to develop exclusively from embryonic epidermal placodes. Use of fate mapping techniques shows that neuromasts of the head and body of zebrafish, Siamese fighting fish, and Xenopus are also derived from neural crest. Neural crest migrates away from the neural tube in developing vertebrates to form much of the peripheral nervous system, pigment cells, and skeletal elements of the head. The data presented here demonstrate that neuromasts are derived from both neural crest and epidermal placodes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Collazo, A -- Fraser, S E -- Mabee, P M -- HD25138/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HD26864/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Apr 15;264(5157):426-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Biology, Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena 91125.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8153631" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Movement ; Central Nervous System/embryology ; Embryo, Nonmammalian/cytology ; Epidermis/cytology/*embryology ; Fishes/*embryology ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Mechanoreceptors/*embryology ; Neural Crest/cytology/*embryology ; Peripheral Nervous System/embryology ; Xenopus/*embryology ; Zebrafish/embryology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 131
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    Ubiquitous natural antibiotics (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-04-15
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gabay, J E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Apr 15;264(5157):373-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medicine, Cornell University, Medical College, New York, NY 10021.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8153623" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/*isolation & purification/pharmacology ; Anti-Infective Agents/*isolation & purification/pharmacology ; Antifungal Agents/isolation & purification/pharmacology ; Bacteria/*drug effects ; Fungi/*drug effects ; Humans
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 132
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    Association of the protein kinases c-Bcr and Bcr-Abl with proteins of the 14-3-3 family (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-10-07
    Beschreibung: In this study, a protein that interacts with sequences encoded by the first exon of the protein kinase Bcr was cloned. The Bcr-associated protein 1 (Bap-1) is a member of the 14-3-3 family of proteins. Bap-1 interacts with full-length c-Bcr and with the chimeric Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase of Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1)-positive human leukemias. Bap-1 is a substrate for the Bcr serine-threonine kinase and is also phosphorylated on tyrosine by Bcr-Abl but not by c-Abl. Bap-1 may function in the regulation of c-Bcr and may contribute to the transforming activity of Bcr-Abl in vivo. 14-3-3 proteins are essential for cell proliferation and have a role in determining the timing of mitosis in yeast. Through direct binding to sequences present in Bcr and in other proteins implicated in signaling, the mammalian 14-3-3 proteins may link specific signaling protein components to mitogenic and cell-cycle control pathways.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Reuther, G W -- Fu, H -- Cripe, L D -- Collier, R J -- Pendergast, A M -- CA61033/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- DK01965/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- GM07184/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Oct 7;266(5182):129-33.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pharmacology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7939633" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): 14-3-3 Proteins ; Animals ; Cell Division ; Cell Line ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/*metabolism ; Humans ; Mice ; Phosphorylation ; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases/metabolism ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/*metabolism ; Proteins/isolation & purification/*metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/*metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcr ; Rats ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; *Signal Transduction ; *Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 133
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    Targeting of G alpha i2 to the Golgi by alternative spliced carboxyl-terminal region (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-01-07
    Beschreibung: Heterotrimeric guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-binding proteins (G proteins) may participate in membrane traffic events. A complementary DNA (cDNA) was isolated from a mouse pituitary cDNA library that corresponded to an alternatively spliced form of the gene encoding the G protein alpha subunit G alpha i2. The cDNA was identical to that encoding G alpha i2 except that the region encoding for the carboxyl-terminal 24 amino acids was replaced by a longer region encoding 35 amino acids that have no sequence similarity with G alpha i2 or other members of the G protein family. This alternative spliced product and the corresponding protein (sGi2) were present in several tissues. Specific antibodies revealed that sGi2 was localized in the Golgi apparatus, suggesting a role in membrane transport. Thus, alternative splicing may generate from a single gene two G protein alpha subunits with differential cellular localization and function.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Montmayeur, J P -- Borrelli, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jan 7;263(5143):95-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratoire de Genetique Moleculaire des Eucaryotes, CNRS, INSERM U184, Faculte de Medecine, Strasbourg, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8272874" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Alternative Splicing ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Coatomer Protein ; DNA, Complementary/genetics ; GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunit, Gi2 ; *GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go ; GTP-Binding Proteins/analysis/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Golgi Apparatus/chemistry/*metabolism ; Mice ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins/analysis ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oncogene Proteins/analysis/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; *Proto-Oncogene Proteins
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 134
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    Progress in parasitology (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-06-24
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gallagher, R B -- Marx, J -- Hines, P J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jun 24;264(5167):1827.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8009199" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Host-Parasite Interactions ; Humans ; Parasites/*physiology ; *Parasitic Diseases
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 135
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    Degeneration of a nonrecombining chromosome (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-01-14
    Beschreibung: Comparative studies suggest that sex chromosomes begin as ordinary autosomes that happen to carry a major sex determining locus. Over evolutionary time the Y chromosome is selected to stop recombining with the X chromosome, perhaps in response to accumulation of alleles beneficial to the heterogametic but harmful to the homogametic sex. Population genetic theory predicts that a nonrecombining Y chromosome should degenerate. Here this prediction is tested by application of specific selection pressures to Drosophila melanogaster populations. Results demonstrate the decay of a nonrecombining, nascent Y chromosome and the capacity for recombination to ameliorate such decay.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rice, W R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jan 14;263(5144):230-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz 95064.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8284674" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Crosses, Genetic ; Drosophila melanogaster/*genetics/physiology ; Female ; Haplotypes ; Male ; Mutation ; *Recombination, Genetic ; *Y Chromosome
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 136
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    Dioxins dominate Denver gathering of toxicologists (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-11-18
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stone, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Nov 18;266(5188):1162-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7973695" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Dioxins/adverse effects/*toxicity ; Distemper Virus, Phocine ; Fishes/metabolism ; Humans ; Morbillivirus Infections/immunology/veterinary ; Polychlorinated Biphenyls/toxicity ; Seals, Earless/immunology ; *Toxicology ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis/*toxicity ; Water Pollution, Chemical/prevention & control
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 137
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    Risk from low-dose exposures (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-11-18
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Monro, A M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Nov 18;266(5188):1141.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7973684" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Carcinogenicity Tests/*statistics & numerical data ; Carcinogens/*administration & dosage/toxicity ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mutagenicity Tests ; Neoplasms/*chemically induced ; Rats ; Risk Assessment
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 138
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    DNA sequence from Cretaceous period bone fragments (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-11-18
    Beschreibung: DNA was extracted from 80-million-year-old bone fragments found in strata of the Upper Cretaceous Blackhawk Formation in the roof of an underground coal mine in eastern Utah. This DNA was used as the template in a polymerase chain reaction that amplified and sequenced a portion of the gene encoding mitochondrial cytochrome b. These sequences differ from all other cytochrome b sequences investigated, including those in the GenBank and European Molecular Biology Laboratory databases. DNA isolated from these bone fragments and the resulting gene sequences demonstrate that small fragments of DNA may survive in bone for millions of years.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Woodward, S R -- Weyand, N J -- Bunnell, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Nov 18;266(5188):1229-32.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7973705" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Base Sequence ; Bone and Bones/*chemistry ; Consensus Sequence ; Cytochrome b Group/*genetics ; DNA, Mitochondrial/chemistry/*genetics/isolation & purification ; Databases, Factual ; History, Ancient ; Molecular Sequence Data ; *Paleontology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Utah
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 139
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    Replacement of diseased mouse liver by hepatic cell transplantation (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-02-25
    Beschreibung: Adult liver has the unusual ability to fully regenerate after injury. Although regeneration is accomplished by the division of mature hepatocytes, the replicative potential of these cells is unknown. Here, the replicative capacity of adult liver cells and their medical usefulness as donor cells for transplantation were investigated by transfer of adult mouse liver cells into transgenic mice that display an endogenous defect in hepatic growth potential and function. The transplanted liver cell populations replaced up to 80 percent of the diseased recipient liver. These findings demonstrate the enormous growth potential of adult hepatocytes, indicating the feasibility of liver cell transplantation as a method to replace lost or diseased hepatic parenchyma.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rhim, J A -- Sandgren, E P -- Degen, J L -- Palmiter, R D -- Brinster, R L -- HD-23657/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HD09172/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Feb 25;263(5150):1149-52.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8108734" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Genetic Markers ; Hepatectomy ; Liver/*cytology/physiology ; Liver Diseases/*surgery ; Liver Regeneration ; *Liver Transplantation ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Transgenic ; Mitotic Index ; Stem Cells/cytology/physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 140
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    Embargo on biomaterials (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-05-20
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Galletti, P M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 May 20;264(5162):1065-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8178160" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; *Biocompatible Materials ; Dogs ; *Liability, Legal ; *Prostheses and Implants
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 141
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    Cytoskeletal functions during Drosophila oogenesis (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-10-28
    Beschreibung: Organismal morphogenesis is driven by a complex series of developmentally coordinated changes in cell shape, size, and number. These changes in cell morphology are in turn dependent on alterations in basic cytoarchitecture. Elucidating the mechanisms of development thus requires an understanding of the cytoskeletal elements that organize the cytoplasm of differentiating cells. Drosophila oogenesis has emerged as a versatile system for the study of cytoskeletal function during development. A series of highly coordinated changes in cytoskeletal organization are required to produce a mature Drosophila oocyte, and these cytoskeletal transformations are amenable to a variety of experimental approaches. Genetic, molecular, and cytological studies have shed light on the specific functions of the cytoskeleton during oogenesis. The results of these studies are reviewed here, and their mechanistic implications are considered.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cooley, L -- Theurkauf, W E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Oct 28;266(5185):590-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7939713" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Cytoplasm/metabolism ; Drosophila/*physiology ; Female ; Microtubules/*physiology ; Models, Biological ; Oocytes/cytology/*physiology ; *Oogenesis ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 142
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    Involvement of nitric oxide in the elimination of a transient retinotectal projection in development (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-09-09
    Beschreibung: The adult pattern of axonal connections from the eye to the brain arises during development through the refinement of a roughly ordered set of connections. In the chick visual system, refinement normally results in the loss of the ipsilateral retinotectal connections. Inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis reduced the loss of these transient connections. Because nitric oxide is expressed by tectal cells with which retinal axons connect and because reduction of nitric oxide synthesis by tectal cells resulted in a change in the connections of retinal axons, nitric oxide probably serves as a messenger from tectal cells back to retinal axons during development.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wu, H H -- Williams, C V -- McLoon, S C -- EY05371/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- EY07133/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Sep 9;265(5178):1593-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cell Biology and Neuroanatomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7521541" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Oxidoreductases/metabolism ; Animals ; Arginine/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Axons/*metabolism ; Chick Embryo ; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester ; Neurons/*metabolism ; Nitric Oxide/biosynthesis/*metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; Nitroarginine ; Retina/*embryology ; Retinal Ganglion Cells/cytology/*metabolism ; Superior Colliculi/*embryology/metabolism ; Visual Pathways
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 143
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    Neuronal activity during different behaviors in Aplysia: a distributed organization? (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-02-11
    Beschreibung: The active neuronal populations in the Aplysia abdominal ganglion during spontaneous and evoked behaviors were compared with the use of multineuronal optical measurements. In some preparations, more than 90 percent of the neurons activated during the reflex withdrawal of the gill also were activated during respiratory pumping and during small spontaneous gill contractions. Although the same neurons made action potentials in all three behaviors, the activity patterns were different. There was a substantial interaction between the neural substrates underlying evoked and spontaneous behaviors when they were made to occur together. If a gill withdrawal reflex was elicited a few seconds after a respiratory pumping episode, the evoked neuronal activity in most neurons was clearly altered. These results suggest that a distributed organization involving a large number of neurons may be responsible for generating the two behaviors. Different behaviors appear to be generated by altered activities of a single, large distributed network rather than by small dedicated circuits.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wu, J Y -- Cohen, L B -- Falk, C X -- NS07102/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS08437/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Feb 11;263(5148):820-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8303300" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Action Potentials ; Animals ; Aplysia/*physiology ; Ganglia, Invertebrate/cytology/physiology ; Gills/physiology ; Neurons/*physiology ; Reflex/physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 144
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    The Drosophila saxophone gene: a serine-threonine kinase receptor of the TGF-beta superfamily (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-03-25
    Beschreibung: The Drosophila decapentaplegic (dpp) gene encodes a transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta)-like protein that plays a key role in several aspects of development. Transduction of the DPP signal was investigated by cloning of serine-threonine kinase transmembrane receptors from Drosophila because this type of receptor is specific for the TGF-beta-like ligands. Here evidence is provided demonstrating that the Drosophila saxophone (sax) gene, a previously identified female sterile locus, encodes a TGF-beta-like type I receptor. Embryos from sax mothers and dpp embryos exhibit similar mutant phenotypes during early gastrulation, and these two loci exhibit genetic interactions, which suggest that they are utilized in the same pathway. These data suggest that sax encodes a receptor for dpp.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Xie, T -- Finelli, A L -- Padgett, R W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Mar 25;263(5154):1756-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Waksman Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08855-0759.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8134837" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Drosophila/embryology/*genetics/metabolism ; *Drosophila Proteins ; Embryo, Nonmammalian/metabolism ; Female ; *Genes, Insect ; Insect Hormones/genetics/*metabolism ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/chemistry/*genetics/metabolism ; Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta/chemistry/*genetics/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Transforming Growth Factor beta/genetics/*metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 145
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    Stimulation and inhibition of angiogenesis by placental proliferin and proliferin-related protein (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-12-02
    Beschreibung: In many mammalian species, the placenta is the site of synthesis of proteins in the prolactin and growth hormone family. Analysis of two such proteins, proliferin (PLF) and proliferin-related protein (PRP), revealed that they are potent regulators of angiogenesis; PLF stimulated and PRP inhibited endothelial cell migration in cell culture and neovascularization in vivo. The mouse placenta secretes an angiogenic activity during the middle of pregnancy that corresponds primarily to PLF, but later in gestation releases a factor that inhibits angiogenesis, which was identified as PRP. Incubation of placental tissue with PLF led to the specific binding of this hormone to capillary endothelial cells. Thus PLF and PRP may regulate the initiation and then the cessation of placental neovascularization.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jackson, D -- Volpert, O V -- Bouck, N -- Linzer, D I -- CA52750/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- HD24518/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HD29962/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Dec 2;266(5190):1581-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Cell Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7527157" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Cattle ; Cell Movement/drug effects ; Cornea/blood supply ; Culture Techniques ; Endothelium, Vascular/*cytology/drug effects/metabolism ; Female ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2/pharmacology ; Glycoproteins/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Growth Substances/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; *Neovascularization, Pathologic ; Placenta/*blood supply ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Proteins/*pharmacology ; Rats
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 146
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    Regulation of MHC class I transport by the molecular chaperone, calnexin (p88, IP90) (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-01-21
    Beschreibung: Assembled class I histocompatibility molecules, consisting of heavy chain, beta 2-microglobulin, and peptide ligand, are transported rapidly to the cell surface. In contrast, the intracellular transport of free heavy chains or peptide-deficient heavy chain-beta 2-microglobulin heterodimers is impaired. A 90-kilodalton membrane-bound chaperone of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), termed calnexin, associates quantitatively with newly synthesized class I heavy chains, but the functions of calnexin in this interaction are unknown. Class I subunits were expressed alone or in combination with calnexin in Drosophila melanogaster cells. Calnexin retarded the intracellular transport of both peptide-deficient heavy chain-beta 2-microglobulin heterodimers and free heavy chains. Calnexin also impeded the rapid intracellular degradation of free heavy chains. The ability of calnexin to protect and retain class I assembly intermediates is likely to contribute to the efficient intracellular formation of class I-peptide complexes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jackson, M R -- Cohen-Doyle, M F -- Peterson, P A -- Williams, D B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jan 21;263(5145):384-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Immunology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8278813" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Biological Transport ; Calcium-Binding Proteins/*metabolism ; Calnexin ; Cell Line ; Drosophila melanogaster ; Endoplasmic Reticulum/*metabolism ; Golgi Apparatus/metabolism ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/*metabolism ; Membrane Proteins/*metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Temperature ; Transfection ; beta 2-Microglobulin/*metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 147
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    Sequential interactions of the TCR with two distinct cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-02-25
    Beschreibung: The T cell antigen receptor (TCR) initiates signals by interacting with cytoplasmic protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) through a 17-residue sequence motif [called the antigen recognition activation motif (ARAM)] that is contained in the TCR zeta and CD3 chains. TCR stimulation induces the tyrosine phosphorylation of several cellular substrates, including the ARAMs. Lck kinase activity is required for phosphorylation of two conserved tyrosine residues in an ARAM. This phosphorylation leads to the recruitment of a second cytoplasmic PTK, ZAP-70, through both of the ZAP-70 Src homology 2 domains and its phosphorylation. Thus, TCR signal transduction is initiated by the sequential interaction of two PTKs with TCR ARAMs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Iwashima, M -- Irving, B A -- van Oers, N S -- Chan, A C -- Weiss, A -- AR-20684/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- GM39553/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Feb 25;263(5150):1136-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco 94143.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7509083" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antigens, CD8/metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cytoplasm/enzymology ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Lymphocyte Specific Protein Tyrosine Kinase p56(lck) ; Membrane Proteins/*metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Phosphorylation ; Phosphotyrosine ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/*metabolism ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/*metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; Tyrosine/analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; ZAP-70 Protein-Tyrosine Kinase
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 148
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    Magnetic resonance microscopy of embryonic cell lineages and movements (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-02-04
    Beschreibung: Key events in vertebrate embryogenesis are difficult to observe in many species. High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging was used to follow cell movements and lineages in developing frog embryos. A single cell was injected at the 16-cell stage with a contrast agent, based on the gadolinium chelate gadolinium-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid-dextran. The labeled progeny cells could be followed uniquely in three-dimensional magnetic resonance images, acquired from the embryo over several days. The results show that external ectodermal and internal mesodermal tissues extend at different rates during amphibian gastrulation and neurulation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jacobs, R E -- Fraser, S E -- HD 25390/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Feb 4;263(5147):681-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Biology, Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena 91125.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7508143" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Blastocyst/cytology ; Blastomeres/*cytology ; Dextrans ; Ectoderm/cytology ; Embryo, Nonmammalian/*cytology ; Embryology/*methods ; Gadolinium ; *Gadolinium DTPA ; Gastrula/*cytology ; *Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Mesoderm/cytology ; Microscopy ; Morphogenesis ; Pentetic Acid/analogs & derivatives ; Xenopus laevis/embryology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 149
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    Mystery ailment strikes Serengeti lions (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-06-03
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Morell, V -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jun 3;264(5164):1404.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8197453" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Disease Outbreaks/*veterinary ; Distemper/epidemiology ; Distemper Virus, Canine ; *Lions ; Nervous System Diseases/epidemiology/*veterinary ; Tanzania/epidemiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 150
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    Genetics of a pheromonal difference contributing to reproductive isolation in Drosophila (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-09-02
    Beschreibung: Although sexual isolation is one of the most important causes of speciation, its genetic basis is largely unknown. Here evidence is presented that suggests that sexual isolation between two closely related species of Drosophila is largely caused by differences in female cuticular hydrocarbons. This difference maps to only one of the three major chromosomes, implying that reproductive isolation might have a fairly simple genetic basis. The effect of the hydrocarbons on courtship may help explain the ubiquitous asymmetry of sexual isolation between many pairs of Drosophila species.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Coyne, J A -- Crittenden, A P -- Mah, K -- GM 38462/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM 50355/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Sep 2;265(5177):1461-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, IL 60637.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8073292" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Chromosome Mapping ; Crosses, Genetic ; Drosophila/*genetics/physiology ; Female ; *Genes, Insect ; Genetic Markers ; Male ; Pheromones/analysis/*genetics/physiology ; Reproduction ; Species Specificity
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 151
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    Autoantibodies to glutamate receptor GluR3 in Rasmussen's encephalitis (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-07-29
    Beschreibung: Rasmussen's encephalitis is a progressive childhood disease of unknown cause characterized by severe epilepsy, hemiplegia, dementia, and inflammation of the brain. During efforts to raise antibodies to recombinant glutamate receptors (GluRs), behaviors typical of seizures and histopathologic features mimicking Rasmussen's encephalitis were found in two rabbits immunized with GluR3 protein. A correlation was found between the presence of Rasmussen's encephalitis and serum antibodies to GluR3 detected by protein immunoblot analysis and by immunoreactivity to transfected cells expressing GluR3. Repeated plasma exchanges in one seriously ill child transiently reduced serum titers of GluR3 antibodies, decreased seizure frequency, and improved neurologic function. Thus, GluR3 is an autoantigen in Rasmussen's encephalitis, and an autoimmune process may underlie this disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rogers, S W -- Andrews, P I -- Gahring, L C -- Whisenand, T -- Cauley, K -- Crain, B -- Hughes, T E -- Heinemann, S F -- McNamara, J O -- NS17771/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS28709/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS30990R29/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jul 29;265(5172):648-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Salt Lake City Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, UT.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8036512" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Antibody Specificity ; Autoantibodies/blood/*immunology ; Brain/pathology ; Cell Line ; Child ; Disease Models, Animal ; Encephalitis/complications/*immunology/pathology/therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Plasma Exchange ; Rabbits ; Receptors, Glutamate/*immunology ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/immunology ; Seizures/etiology/immunology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 152
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    The D2 receptor gene (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-10-21
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Crabbe, J C -- Belknap, J K -- Buck, K J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Oct 21;266(5184):352-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7939673" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Alcoholism/genetics ; Animals ; Chromosome Mapping ; Mice ; Receptors, Dopamine D2/*genetics/physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 153
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    Coding of hemolysins within the ribosomal RNA repeat on a plasmid in Entamoeba histolytica (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-03-11
    Beschreibung: The pathogenesis of amoebic dysentery is a result of cytolysis of the colonic mucosa by the parasitic protozoan Entamoeba histolytica. The cytolysis results in extensive local ulceration and allows the amoeba to penetrate and metastasize to distant sites. Factors involved in this process were defined with three clones that express hemolytic activities in Escherichia coli. These potential amoebic virulence determinants were also toxic to human colonic epithelial cells, the primary cellular targets in amoebal invasion of the large intestine. The coding sequences for the hemolysins were close to each other on a 2.6-kilobase segment of a 25-kilobase extrachromosomal DNA element. The structural genes for the hemolysins were within inverted repeats that encode ribosomal RNAs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jansson, A -- Gillin, F -- Kagardt, U -- Hagblom, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Mar 11;263(5152):1440-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology, Uppsala University, Sweden.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8128227" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Cloning, Molecular ; Entamoeba histolytica/*genetics/pathogenicity ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; *Genes, Protozoan ; Hemolysin Proteins/*genetics/toxicity ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Open Reading Frames ; *Plasmids ; RNA, Protozoan/genetics ; RNA, Ribosomal/*genetics ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; Virulence
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 154
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    Transcriptional activation modulated by homopolymeric glutamine and proline stretches (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-02-11
    Beschreibung: Many transcription factors contain proline- or glutamine-rich activation domains. Here it is shown that simple homopolymeric stretches of these amino acids can activate transcription when fused to the DNA binding domain of GAL4 factor. In vitro, activity increased with polymer length, whereas in cell transfection assays maximal activity was achieved by 10 to 30 glutamines or about 10 prolines. Similar results were obtained when glutamine stretches were placed within a [GAL4]-VP16 chimeric protein. Because these stretches are encoded by rapidly evolving triplet repeats (microsatellites), they may be the main cause for modulation of transcription factor activity and thus result in subtle or overt genomic effects.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gerber, H P -- Seipel, K -- Georgiev, O -- Hofferer, M -- Hug, M -- Rusconi, S -- Schaffner, W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Feb 11;263(5148):808-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institut fur Molekularbiologie II der Universitat Zurich, Switzerland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8303297" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Glutamine/*chemistry/pharmacology ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Peptides/*chemistry/pharmacology ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/pharmacology ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Transcription Factors/*chemistry/pharmacology ; *Transcriptional Activation ; Transfection
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 155
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    The thermal grill illusion: unmasking the burn of cold pain (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-07-08
    Beschreibung: In Thunberg's thermal grill illusion, first demonstrated in 1896, a sensation of strong, often painful heat is elicited by touching interlaced warm and cool bars to the skin. Neurophysiological recordings from two classes of ascending spinothalamic tract neurons that are sensitive to innocuous or noxious cold showed differential responses to the grill. On the basis of these results, a simple model of central disinhibition, or unmasking, predicted a quantitative correspondence between grill-evoked pain and cold-evoked pain, which was verified psychophysically. This integration of pain and temperature can explain the thermal grill illusion and the burning sensation of cold pain and may also provide a basis for the cold-evoked, burning pain of the classic thalamic pain syndrome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Craig, A D -- Bushnell, M C -- DA07402/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- NS25616/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jul 8;265(5169):252-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ 85013.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8023144" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Animals ; Cats ; *Cold Temperature ; Female ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Models, Biological ; Neurons, Afferent/*physiology ; Pain/*physiopathology ; Spinothalamic Tracts/*physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 156
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    Specification of C/EBP function during Drosophila development by the bZIP basic region (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-12-16
    Beschreibung: The biologically relevant interactions of a transcription factor are those that are important for function in the organism. Here, a transgenic rescue assay was used to determine which molecular functions of Drosophila CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP), a basic region-leucine zipper transcription factor, are required for it to fulfill its essential role during development. Chimeric proteins that contain the Drosophila C/EBP (DmC/EBP) basic region, a heterologous zipper, and a heterologous activation domain could functionally substitute for DmC/EBP. Mammalian C/EBPs were also functional in Drosophila. In contrast, 9 of 25 single amino acid substitutions in the basic region disrupted biological function. Thus, the conserved basic region specifies DmC/EBP activity in the organism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rorth, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Dec 16;266(5192):1878-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Embryology, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Baltimore, MD 21210.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7997882" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Animals, Genetically Modified ; Base Sequence ; Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors ; CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins ; DNA/metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*physiology ; Drosophila/genetics/*growth & development ; Female ; G-Box Binding Factors ; *Leucine Zippers ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nuclear Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*physiology ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; Transcription Factors/chemistry/genetics/*physiology ; Transcriptional Activation
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 157
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    "Neurogenetic determinism" (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-08-26
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rose, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Aug 26;265(5176):1159.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8066453" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; *Genetics, Behavioral ; Humans ; *Social Problems
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 158
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    14-3-3: modulators of signaling proteins? (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-10-07
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Morrison, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Oct 7;266(5182):56-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis Laboratory, National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research Development Center, MD 21702-1201.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7939645" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): 14-3-3 Proteins ; Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose/metabolism ; Animals ; Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming/metabolism ; Enzyme Activation ; Fungal Proteins/metabolism ; Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/metabolism ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism ; Proteins/*metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf ; *Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins ; *Signal Transduction ; *Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase ; Yeasts/metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 159
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    Two identical noninteracting sites in an ion channel revealed by proton transfer (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-09-23
    Beschreibung: The functional consequences of single proton transfers occurring in the pore of a cyclic nucleotide-gated channel were observed with patch recording techniques. These results led to three conclusions about the chemical nature of ion binding sites in the conduction pathway: The channel contains two identical titratable sites, even though there are more than two (probably four) identical subunits; the sites are formed by glutamate residues that have a pKa (where K(a) is the acid constant) of 7.6; and protonation of one site does not perturb the pKa of the other. These properties point to an unusual arrangement of carboxyl side-chain residues in the pore of a cation channel.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Root, M J -- MacKinnon, R -- 5 T32 GM083113/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM47400/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Sep 23;265(5180):1852-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7522344" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Binding Sites ; Calcium Channels/metabolism ; Catfishes ; Electric Conductivity ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Ion Channel Gating ; Ion Channels/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; *Protons ; Sodium/metabolism ; Xenopus
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 160
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    A molecular determinant for submillisecond desensitization in glutamate receptors (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-11-11
    Beschreibung: The decay of excitatory postsynaptic currents in central neurons mediated by alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionate (AMPA) receptors is likely to be shaped either by receptor desensitization or by offset after removal of glutamate from the synaptic cleft. Native AMPA receptors show desensitization time constants of 1 to about 10 milliseconds, but the underlying molecular determinants of these large differences are unknown. Cloned AMPA receptors carrying the "flop" splice variants of glutamate receptor subtype C (GluR-C) and GluR-D are shown to have desensitization time constants of around 1 millisecond, whereas those with the "flip" variants are about four times slower. Cerebellar granule cells switch their expression of GluR-D splice variants from mostly flip forms in early stages to predominantly flop forms in the adult rat brain. These findings suggest that rapid desensitization of AMPA receptors can be regulated by the expression and alternative splicing of GluR-D gene transcripts.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mosbacher, J -- Schoepfer, R -- Monyer, H -- Burnashev, N -- Seeburg, P H -- Ruppersberg, J P -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Nov 11;266(5187):1059-62.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Max-Planck-Institut fur medizinische Forschung, Heidelberg, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7973663" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Alternative Splicing ; Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Cerebellum/cytology/metabolism ; Cloning, Molecular ; Glutamic Acid/*pharmacology ; In Situ Hybridization ; Oocytes ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Rats ; Receptors, AMPA/drug effects/genetics/*physiology ; Recombinant Proteins ; Synaptic Transmission ; Xenopus laevis
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 161
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    Calcineurin inhibition of dynamin I GTPase activity coupled to nerve terminal depolarization (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-08-12
    Beschreibung: Dynamin I is a nerve terminal phosphoprotein with intrinsic guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) activity that is required for endocytosis. Upon depolarization and synaptic vesicle recycling, dynamin I undergoes a rapid dephosphorylation. Dynamin I was found to be a specific high-affinity substrate for calcineurin in vitro. At low concentrations, calcineurin dephosphorylated dynamin I that had been phosphorylated by protein kinase C. The dephosphorylation inhibited dynamin I GTPase activity in vitro and after depolarization of nerve terminals. The effect in nerve terminals was prevented by the calcineurin inhibitor cyclosporin A. This suggests that in nerve terminals, calcineurin serves as a Ca(2+)-sensitive switch for depolarization-evoked synaptic vesicle recycling.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Liu, J P -- Sim, A T -- Robinson, P J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Aug 12;265(5174):970-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Endocrine Unit, John Hunter Hospital, NSW, Australia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8052858" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Calcineurin ; Calcium/metabolism ; Calmodulin-Binding Proteins/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Cyclosporine/pharmacology ; Dynamin I ; Dynamins ; Endocytosis ; GTP Phosphohydrolases/*antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Nerve Endings/enzymology/*metabolism ; Phosphoprotein Phosphatases/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Phosphorylation ; Rats ; Synaptic Vesicles/*metabolism ; Synaptosomes/enzymology/*metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 162
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    Nitric oxide activation of poly(ADP-ribose) synthetase in neurotoxicity (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-02-04
    Beschreibung: Poly(adenosine 5'-diphosphoribose) synthetase (PARS) is a nuclear enzyme which, when activated by DNA strand breaks, adds up to 100 adenosine 5'-diphosphoribose (ADP-ribose) units to nuclear proteins such as histones and PARS itself. This activation can lead to cell death through depletion of beta-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (the source of ADP-ribose) and adenosine triphosphate. Nitric oxide (NO) stimulated ADP-ribosylation of PARS in rat brain. Benzamide and other derivatives, which inhibit PARS, blocked N-methyl-D-aspartate- and NO-mediated neurotoxicity with relative potencies paralleling their ability to inhibit PARS. Thus, NO appeared to elicit neurotoxicity by activating PARS.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zhang, J -- Dawson, V L -- Dawson, T M -- Snyder, S H -- DA-00074/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- DA-00266/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- DA-271-90-7408/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Feb 4;263(5147):687-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8080500" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Benzamides/pharmacology ; Brain/cytology/drug effects/enzymology ; Cell Death/drug effects ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Cerebral Cortex/cytology/drug effects/enzymology ; DNA Damage ; Enzyme Activation ; Humans ; N-Methylaspartate/*toxicity ; Neurons/cytology/*drug effects/enzymology ; Nitric Oxide/*toxicity ; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors ; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases/*metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 163
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    Possible dino DNA find is greeted with skepticism (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-11-18
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gibbons, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Nov 18;266(5188):1159.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7973693" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Base Sequence ; Bone and Bones/*chemistry ; Cytochrome b Group/*genetics ; DNA, Mitochondrial/chemistry/*genetics/isolation & purification ; History, Ancient ; *Paleontology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Utah
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 164
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    Implantation and the placenta: key pieces of the development puzzle (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-12-02
    Beschreibung: The mammalian embryo cannot develop without the placenta. Its specialized cells (trophoblast, endoderm, and extraembryonic mesoderm) form early in development. They attach the embryo to the uterus (implantation) and form vascular connections necessary for nutrient transport. In addition, the placenta redirects maternal endocrine, immune, and metabolic functions to the embryo's advantage. These complex activities are sensitive to disruption, as shown by the high incidence of early embryonic mortality and pregnancy diseases in humans, as well as the numerous peri-implantation lethal mutations in mice. Integration of molecular and developmental approaches has recently produced insights into the molecules that control these processes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cross, J C -- Werb, Z -- Fisher, S J -- HD 22210/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HD 26732/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HD 30367/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Dec 2;266(5190):1508-18.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7985020" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Blastocyst/physiology ; Cell Differentiation ; Embryo Implantation/*physiology ; Embryonic and Fetal Development/genetics/*physiology ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Hormones/physiology ; Humans ; Immune Tolerance ; Male ; Placenta/cytology/*physiology ; Trophoblasts/physiology ; Uterus/physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 165
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    Functional role of type I and type II interferons in antiviral defense (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-06-24
    Beschreibung: Mice lacking the known subunit of the type I interferon (IFN) receptor were completely unresponsive to type I IFNs, suggesting that this receptor chain is essential for type I IFN-mediated signal transduction. These mice showed no overt anomalies but were unable to cope with viral infections, despite otherwise normal immune responses. Comparison of mice lacking either type I or type II IFN receptors showed that, at least in response to some viruses, both IFN systems are essential for antiviral defense and are functionally nonredundant.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Muller, U -- Steinhoff, U -- Reis, L F -- Hemmi, S -- Pavlovic, J -- Zinkernagel, R M -- Aguet, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jun 24;264(5167):1918-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Molecular Biology I, University of Zurich, Switzerland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8009221" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Alphavirus Infections/immunology ; Animals ; Antibodies, Viral/biosynthesis ; Disease Susceptibility ; Immunity, Innate ; Interferon Type I/*physiology ; Interferon-gamma/*physiology ; Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis/immunology ; Membrane Proteins ; Mice ; Mutation ; Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta ; Receptors, Interferon/genetics/*physiology ; Rhabdoviridae Infections/immunology ; Semliki forest virus ; Signal Transduction ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus ; Virus Diseases/*immunology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 166
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    Precise development from imprecise rules (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-03-04
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stryker, M P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Mar 4;263(5151):1244-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉W.M. Keck Foundation Center for Integrative Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0444.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8122106" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Computer Simulation ; Geniculate Bodies/*growth & development ; Macaca ; Models, Neurological ; Morphogenesis ; Optic Disk/*physiology ; Retinal Ganglion Cells/*cytology ; Visual Pathways/*growth & development
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 167
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    Visualization of quantal synaptic transmission by dendritic calcium imaging (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-01-28
    Beschreibung: As changes in synaptic strength are thought to be critical for learning and memory, it would be useful to monitor the activity of individual identified synapses on mammalian central neurons. Calcium imaging of cortical neurons grown in primary culture was used to visualize the activation of individual postsynaptic elements by miniature excitatory synaptic currents elicited by spontaneous quantal release. This approach revealed that the probability of spontaneous activity differed among synapses on the same dendrite. Furthermore, synapses that undergo changes in activity induced by glutamate or phorbol ester treatment were identified.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Murphy, T H -- Baraban, J M -- Wier, W G -- Blatter, L A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jan 28;263(5146):529-32.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7904774" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Cerebral Cortex ; Dendrites/*metabolism ; Glutamates/pharmacology ; Glutamic Acid ; Kinetics ; Microelectrodes ; Neuronal Plasticity ; Neurons/*physiology ; Phorbol Esters/pharmacology ; Rats ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/physiology ; Synapses/*physiology ; *Synaptic Transmission ; Tetrodotoxin/pharmacology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 168
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    Correction of lethal intestinal defect in a mouse model of cystic fibrosis by human CFTR (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-12-09
    Beschreibung: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is caused by mutations in the gene encoding the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). A potential animal model of CF, the CFTR-/- mouse, has had limited utility because most mice die from intestinal obstruction during the first month of life. Human CFTR (hCFTR) was expressed in CFTR-/- mice under the control of the rat intestinal fatty acid-binding protein gene promoter. The mice survived and showed functional correction of ileal goblet cell and crypt cell hyperplasia and cyclic adenosine monophosphate-stimulated chloride secretion. These results support the concept that transfer of the hCFTR gene may be a useful strategy for correcting physiologic defects in patients with CF.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zhou, L -- Dey, C R -- Wert, S E -- DuVall, M D -- Frizzell, R A -- Whitsett, J A -- DK38518/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- HL49004/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL51832/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Dec 9;266(5191):1705-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Children's Hospital Medical Center, Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3039.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7527588" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Base Sequence ; Carrier Proteins/genetics ; Chlorides/metabolism ; Colforsin/pharmacology ; Colon/chemistry/pathology ; Cystic Fibrosis/genetics/metabolism/pathology/*therapy ; Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator ; Disease Models, Animal ; Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins ; Gene Expression ; *Genetic Therapy ; Humans ; Intestinal Mucosa/chemistry/*pathology/secretion ; Intestine, Small/chemistry/pathology ; Membrane Proteins/analysis/*genetics/physiology ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Molecular Sequence Data ; *Neoplasm Proteins ; *Nerve Tissue Proteins ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; RNA, Messenger/analysis/genetics ; Rats ; Recombinant Proteins/biosynthesis ; *Tumor Suppressor Proteins
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 169
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    Neuronal plasticity that underlies improvement in perceptual performance (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-03-04
    Beschreibung: The electrophysiological properties of sensory neurons in the adult cortex are not immutable but can change in response to alterations of sensory input caused by manipulation of afferent pathways in the nervous system or by manipulation of the sensory environment. Such plasticity creates great potential for flexible processing of sensory information, but the actual effects of neuronal plasticity on perceptual performance are poorly understood. The link between neuronal plasticity and performance was explored here by recording the responses of directionally selective neurons in the visual cortex while rhesus monkeys practiced a familiar task involving discrimination of motion direction. Each animal experienced a short-term improvement in perceptual sensitivity during daily experiments; sensitivity increased by an average of 19 percent over a few hundred trials. The increase in perceptual sensitivity was accompanied by a short-term improvement in neuronal sensitivity that mirrored the perceptual effect both in magnitude and in time course, which suggests that improved psychophysical performance can result directly from increased neuronal sensitivity within a sensory pathway.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zohary, E -- Celebrini, S -- Britten, K H -- Newsome, W T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Mar 4;263(5151):1289-92.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA 94305.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8122114" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Conditioning (Psychology) ; Discrimination Learning ; Macaca mulatta ; Motion Perception/*physiology ; Neural Pathways ; Neuronal Plasticity/*physiology ; Psychophysiology ; Visual Cortex/*physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 170
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    Interaction of IL-2R beta and gamma c chains with Jak1 and Jak3: implications for XSCID and XCID (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-11-11
    Beschreibung: Interleukin-2 (IL-2) signaling requires the dimerization of the IL-2 receptor beta.(IL-2R beta) and common gamma (gamma c) chains. Mutations of gamma c can result in X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency (XSCID). IL-2, IL-4, IL-7 (whose receptors are known to contain gamma c), and IL-9 (whose receptor is shown here to contain gamma c) induced the tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of the Janus family tyrosine kinases Jak1 and Jak3. Jak1 and Jak3 associated with IL-2R beta and gamma c, respectively; IL-2 induced Jak3-IL-2R beta and increased Jak3-gamma c associations. Truncations of gamma c, and a gamma c, point mutation causing moderate X-linked combined immunodeficiency (XCID), decreased gamma c-Jak3 association. Thus, gamma c mutations in at least some XSCID and XCID patients prevent normal Jak3 activation, suggesting that mutations of Jak3 may result in an XSCID-like phenotype.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Russell, S M -- Johnston, J A -- Noguchi, M -- Kawamura, M -- Bacon, C M -- Friedmann, M -- Berg, M -- McVicar, D W -- Witthuhn, B A -- Silvennoinen, O -- P30 CA21765/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK42932/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Nov 11;266(5187):1042-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7973658" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Cell Line ; Enzyme Activation ; Humans ; Interleukin-2/pharmacology ; Janus Kinase 1 ; Janus Kinase 3 ; Mutation ; Phosphorylation ; Point Mutation ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/genetics/*metabolism ; Receptors, Interleukin-2/genetics/*metabolism ; Severe Combined Immunodeficiency/genetics/*immunology/metabolism ; Transfection ; Tyrosine/metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 171
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    Paralysis and early death in cysteine string protein mutants of Drosophila (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-02-18
    Beschreibung: Multimeric complexes of synaptic vesicle and terminal membrane proteins are important components of the neurotransmitter release mechanism. The csp gene of Drosophila encodes proteins homologous to synaptic vesicle proteins in Torpedo. Monoclonal antibodies demonstrate different distributions of isoforms at distinct subsets of terminals. Deletion of the csp gene in Drosophila causes a temperature-sensitive block of synaptic transmission, followed by paralysis and premature death.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zinsmaier, K E -- Eberle, K K -- Buchner, E -- Walter, N -- Benzer, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Feb 18;263(5149):977-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉California Institute of Technology, Division of Biology, Pasadena 91125.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8310297" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Drosophila melanogaster/embryology/genetics/*physiology ; Electroretinography ; Gene Deletion ; *Genes, Insect ; Genes, Lethal ; Genetic Complementation Test ; Membrane Proteins/analysis/*genetics/physiology ; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/analysis/*genetics/physiology ; Phenotype ; Photoreceptor Cells, Invertebrate/*physiology ; Presynaptic Terminals/chemistry/*physiology ; *Synaptic Transmission
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 172
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    Rewriting--and redating--prehistory (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-02-25
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gibbons, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Feb 25;263(5150):1087-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8108724" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Africa ; Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; *Fossils ; History, Ancient ; *Hominidae ; Humans ; Indonesia
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 173
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    Control of kinetic properties of AMPA receptor channels by nuclear RNA editing (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-12-09
    Beschreibung: AMPA (alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid) receptor channels mediate the fast component of excitatory postsynaptic currents in the central nervous system. Site-selective nuclear RNA editing controls the calcium permeability of these channels, and RNA editing at a second site is shown here to affect the kinetic aspects of these channels in rat brain. In three of the four AMPA receptor subunits (GluR-B, -C, and -D), intronic elements determine a codon switch (AGA, arginine, to GGA, glycine) in the primary transcripts in a position termed the R/G site, which immediately precedes the alternatively spliced modules "flip" and "flop." The extent of editing at this site progresses with brain development in a manner specific for subunit and splice form, and edited channels possess faster recovery rates from desensitization.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lomeli, H -- Mosbacher, J -- Melcher, T -- Hoger, T -- Geiger, J R -- Kuner, T -- Monyer, H -- Higuchi, M -- Bach, A -- Seeburg, P H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Dec 9;266(5191):1709-13.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Molecular Neuroendocrinology, University of Heidelberg, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7992055" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Alternative Splicing ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Brain/embryology/*metabolism ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Exons ; Glutamic Acid/pharmacology ; Glycine/genetics ; Introns ; Kinetics ; Membrane Potentials ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oocytes ; PC12 Cells ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; *RNA Editing ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Receptors, AMPA/*genetics/*metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins/metabolism ; Xenopus
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 174
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    DNA repair works it works its way to the top (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-12-23
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Culotta, E -- Koshland, D E Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Dec 23;266(5193):1926-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7801115" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Base Composition ; DNA Damage ; DNA Ligases/*metabolism ; DNA Polymerase I/metabolism ; *DNA Repair ; DNA Replication ; Humans ; Neoplasms/genetics ; Science ; Transcription, Genetic
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 175
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    Rates of mortality in populations of Caenorhabditis elegans (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-11-04
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Curtsinger, J W -- Fukui, H H -- Xiu, L -- Khazaeli, A -- Pletcher, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Nov 4;266(5186):826; author reply 828.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7973640" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Caenorhabditis elegans/physiology ; Drosophila/*physiology ; Female ; Male ; Mortality
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 176
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    Direct signaling from astrocytes to neurons in cultures of mammalian brain cells (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-03-25
    Beschreibung: Although astrocytes have been considered to be supportive, rather than transmissive, in the adult nervous system, recent studies have challenged this assumption by demonstrating that astrocytes possess functional neurotransmitter receptors. Astrocytes are now shown to directly modulate the free cytosolic calcium, and hence transmission characteristics, of neighboring neurons. When a focal electric field potential was applied to single astrocytes in mixed cultures of rat forebrain astrocytes and neurons, a prompt elevation of calcium occurred in the target cell. This in turn triggered a wave of calcium increase, which propagated from astrocyte to astrocyte. Neurons resting on these astrocytes responded with large increases in their concentration of cytosolic calcium. The gap junction blocker octanol attenuated the neuronal response, which suggests that the astrocytic-neuronal signaling is mediated through intercellular connections rather than synaptically. This neuronal response to local astrocytic stimulation may mediate local intercellular communication within the brain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nedergaard, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Mar 25;263(5154):1768-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Surgery, Cornell University Medical College, New York, NY 10021.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8134839" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Astrocytes/drug effects/*metabolism ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Cell Communication ; Cells, Cultured ; Electric Stimulation ; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists ; Gap Junctions/physiology ; Kynurenic Acid/pharmacology ; Neurons/drug effects/*metabolism ; Nifedipine/pharmacology ; Octanols/pharmacology ; Prosencephalon/*cytology/embryology ; Rats ; *Signal Transduction ; Synapses/metabolism ; Tetrodotoxin/pharmacology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 177
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    Age of the earliest known hominids in Java, Indonesia (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-02-25
    Beschreibung: 40Ar/39Ar laser-incremental heating of hornblende separated from pumice recovered at two hominid sites in Java, Indonesia, has yielded well-defined plateaus with weighted mean ages of 1.81 +/- 0.04 and 1.66 +/- 0.04 million years ago (Ma). The hominid fossils, a juvenile calvaria of Pithecanthropus and a partial face and cranial fragments of Meganthropus, commonly considered part of the Asian Homo erectus hypodigm, are at least 0.6 million years older than fossils referred to as Homo erectus (OH-9) from Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania, and comparable in age with the oldest Koobi Fora Homo cf. erectus (Homo ergaster) in Kenya. These ages lend further credence to the view that Homo erectus may have evolved outside of Africa. If the ancestor of Homo erectus ventured out of Africa before 1.8 Ma, the dispersal would have predated the advent of the Acheulean culture at 1.4 Ma, possibly explaining the absence of these characteristic stone cleavers and hand axes in East Asia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Swisher, C C 3rd -- Curtis, G H -- Jacob, T -- Getty, A G -- Suprijo, A -- Widiasmoro -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Feb 25;263(5150):1118-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Geochronology Center, Institute of Human Origins, Berkeley, CA 94709.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8108729" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Africa ; Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; *Fossils ; History, Ancient ; *Hominidae ; Humans ; Indonesia
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 178
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    Forward and reverse genetic approaches to behavior in the mouse (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-06-17
    Beschreibung: Modern molecular genetic and genomic approaches are revolutionizing the study of behavior in the mouse. "Reverse genetics" (from gene to phenotype) with targeted gene transfer provides a powerful tool to dissect behavior and has been used successfully to study the effects of null mutations in genes implicated in the regulation of long-term potentiation and spatial learning in mice. In addition, "forward genetics" (from phenotype to gene) with high-efficiency mutagenesis in the mouse can uncover unknown genes and has been used to isolate a behavioral mutant of the circadian system. With the recent availability of high-density genetic maps and physical mapping resources, positional cloning of virtually any mutation is now feasible in the mouse. Together, these approaches permit a molecular analysis of both known and previously unknown genes regulating behavior.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3830945/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3830945/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Takahashi, J S -- Pinto, L H -- Vitaterna, M H -- EY08467/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- MH39592/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH49241/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jun 17;264(5166):1724-33.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurobiology and Physiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8209253" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; *Behavior, Animal ; Circadian Rhythm/genetics ; Female ; *Genetic Techniques ; Genetics, Behavioral/*methods ; Learning ; Long-Term Potentiation ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Mice, Knockout ; Mutagenesis
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 179
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    Requirement of a critical period of transcription for induction of a late phase of LTP (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-08-19
    Beschreibung: Repeated high-frequency trains of stimuli induce long-term potentiation (LTP) in the CA1 region that persists for up to 8 hours in hippocampal slices and for days in intact animals. This long time course has made LTP an attractive model for certain forms of long-term memory in the mammalian brain. A hallmark of long-term memory in the intact animal is a requirement for transcription, and thus whether the late phase of LTP (L-LTP) requires transcription was investigated here. With the use of different inhibitors, it was found in rat hippocampal slices that the induction of L-LTP [produced either by tetanic stimulation or by application of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) analog Sp-cAMPS (Sp-cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphorothioate)] was selectively prevented when transcription was blocked immediately after tetanization or during application of cAMP. As with behavioral memory, this requirement for transcription had a critical time window. Thus, the late phase of LTP in the CA1 region requires transcription during a critical period, perhaps because cAMP-inducible genes must be expressed during this period.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nguyen, P V -- Abel, T -- Kandel, E R -- GM32099/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Aug 19;265(5175):1104-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8066450" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Cyclic AMP/analogs & derivatives/metabolism/pharmacology ; Dactinomycin/pharmacology ; Dichlororibofuranosylbenzimidazole/pharmacology ; Electric Stimulation ; Evoked Potentials/drug effects ; Hippocampus/drug effects/*metabolism ; In Vitro Techniques ; *Long-Term Potentiation/drug effects ; Male ; Pyramidal Cells/metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Synaptic Transmission/drug effects ; Thionucleotides/pharmacology ; *Transcription, Genetic/drug effects
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 180
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    Association of intestinal peptide transport with a protein related to the cadherin superfamily (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-04-15
    Beschreibung: The first step in oral absorption of many medically important peptide-based drugs is mediated by an intestinal proton-dependent peptide transporter. This transporter facilitates the oral absorption of beta-lactam antibiotics and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors from the intestine into enterocytes lining the luminal wall. A monoclonal antibody that blocked uptake of cephalexin was used to identify and clone a gene that encodes an approximately 92-kilodalton membrane protein that was associated with the acquisition of peptide transport activity by transport-deficient cells. The amino acid sequence deduced from the complementary DNA sequence of the cloned gene indicated that this transport-associated protein shares several conserved structural elements with the cadherin superfamily of calcium-dependent, cell-cell adhesion proteins.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dantzig, A H -- Hoskins, J A -- Tabas, L B -- Bright, S -- Shepard, R L -- Jenkins, I L -- Duckworth, D C -- Sportsman, J R -- Mackensen, D -- Rosteck, P R Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Apr 15;264(5157):430-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46285.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8153632" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Biological Transport ; CHO Cells ; Cadherins/*chemistry ; Carrier Proteins/*chemistry/genetics/isolation & purification/metabolism ; Cephalexin/*metabolism ; Cloning, Molecular ; Cricetinae ; Glycosylation ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Intestinal Mucosa/*metabolism ; Leucine/analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; *Membrane Transport Proteins ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred A ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Open Reading Frames ; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid ; Transfection ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 181
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    Fas and perforin pathways as major mechanisms of T cell-mediated cytotoxicity (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-07-22
    Beschreibung: Two molecular mechanisms of T cell-mediated cytotoxicity, one perforin-based, the other Fas-based, have been demonstrated. To determine the extent of their contribution to T cell-mediated cytotoxicity, a range of effector cells from normal control or perforin-deficient mice were tested against a panel of target cells with various levels of Fas expression. All cytotoxicity observed was due to either of these mechanisms, and no third mechanism was detected. Thus, the perforin- and Fas-based mechanisms may account for all T cell-mediated cytotoxicity in short-term in vitro assays.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kagi, D -- Vignaux, F -- Ledermann, B -- Burki, K -- Depraetere, V -- Nagata, S -- Hengartner, H -- Golstein, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jul 22;265(5171):528-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pathology, University of Zurich, Switzerland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7518614" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antigens, CD95 ; Antigens, Surface/*immunology ; Cells, Cultured ; Concanavalin A/pharmacology ; *Cytotoxicity, Immunologic ; Ionomycin/pharmacology ; Leukemia L1210 ; Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed ; Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus/immunology ; Membrane Glycoproteins/*immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C3H ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Mutant Strains ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Perforin ; Pore Forming Cytotoxic Proteins ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/*immunology ; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/pharmacology ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 182
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    Rescue of T cell-specific V(D)J recombination in SCID mice by DNA-damaging agents (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-10-21
    Beschreibung: Assembly of antigen receptor V (variable), D (diversity), and J (joining) gene segments requires lymphocyte-specific genes and ubiquitous DNA repair activities. Severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice are defective in general double-strand (ds) DNA break repair and V(D)J coding joint formation, resulting in arrested lymphocyte development. A single treatment of newborn SCID mice with DNA-damaging agents restored functional, diverse, T cell receptor beta chain coding joints, as well as development and expansion of thymocytes expressing both CD4 and CD8 coreceptors, but did not promote B cell development. Thymic lymphoma developed in all mice treated with DNA-damaging agents, suggesting an interrelation between V(D)J recombination, dsDNA break repair, and lymphomagenesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Danska, J S -- Pflumio, F -- Williams, C J -- Huner, O -- Dick, J E -- Guidos, C J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Oct 21;266(5184):450-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Surgical Research, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7524150" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; B-Lymphocytes/cytology/immunology ; Base Sequence ; Bleomycin/pharmacology ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; *DNA Damage ; DNA Repair ; Gamma Rays ; *Gene Rearrangement ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/cytology/immunology ; Lymphoma/etiology/pathology ; Mice ; Mice, SCID ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/*genetics ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets/cytology/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes/cytology/*immunology ; Thymus Neoplasms/etiology/pathology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 183
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    Enhanced aggressive behavior in mice lacking 5-HT1B receptor (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-09-23
    Beschreibung: The neuromodulator serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) has been associated with mood disorders such as depression, anxiety, and impulsive violence. To define the contribution of 5-HT receptor subtypes to behavior, mutant mice lacking the 5-HT1B receptor were generated by homologous recombination. These mice did not exhibit any obvious developmental or behavioral defects. However, the hyperlocomotor effect of the 5-HT1A/1B agonist RU24969 was absent in mutant mice, indicating that this effect is mediated by 5-HT1B receptors. Moreover, when confronted with an intruder, mutant mice attacked the intruder faster and more intensely than did wild-type mice, suggesting the participation of 5-HT1B receptors in aggressive behavior.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Saudou, F -- Amara, D A -- Dierich, A -- LeMeur, M -- Ramboz, S -- Segu, L -- Buhot, M C -- Hen, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Sep 23;265(5180):1875-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratoire de Genetique Moleculaire des Eucaryotes du CNRS, U184 de l'INSERM, Faculte de Medecine, Strasbourg, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8091214" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Aggression/*physiology ; Animals ; Brain Chemistry ; Chimera ; Female ; Indoles/pharmacology ; Male ; Mice ; Motor Activity/drug effects ; Mutation ; Pindolol/analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1B ; Receptors, Serotonin/analysis/genetics/*physiology ; Recombination, Genetic ; Serotonin Receptor Agonists/pharmacology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 184
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    Adequate supplies of fruits and vegetables (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-11-25
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abelson, P H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Nov 25;266(5189):1303.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7973710" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Carcinogenicity Tests ; Diet ; Female ; *Fruit ; *Fungicides, Industrial/toxicity ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; United States ; United States Environmental Protection Agency ; *Vegetables
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 185
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    Risk assessments of low-level exposures (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-09-09
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abelson, P H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Sep 9;265(5178):1507.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7832844" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Carcinogenicity Tests/*statistics & numerical data ; Carcinogens/*administration & dosage/toxicity ; DNA Damage ; DNA Repair ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Humans ; Risk Factors
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 186
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    Mesodermal patterning by a gradient of the vertebrate homeobox gene goosecoid (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-02-11
    Beschreibung: Amphibian mesoderm arises from the marginal zone of the early gastrula and generates various tissues such as notochord, muscle, kidney, and blood. Small changes (twofold) in the amount of microinjected messenger RNA encoding the goosecoid (gsc) homeodomain protein resulted in marked changes in the differentiation of mesoderm in Xenopus laevis. At least three thresholds were observed, which were sufficient to specify four mesodermal cell states. Endogenous gsc messenger RNA was expressed in the marginal zone in a graded fashion that is congruent with a role for this gene in dorso-ventral patterning of mesoderm at the early gastrula stage.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Niehrs, C -- Steinbeisser, H -- De Robertis, E M -- HD21502-08/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Feb 11;263(5148):817-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles 90024-1737.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7905664" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Differentiation ; Culture Techniques ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*genetics ; Gastrula/*cytology/metabolism ; Gene Expression ; *Genes, Homeobox ; Goosecoid Protein ; *Homeodomain Proteins ; Mesoderm/*cytology ; Microinjections ; Molecular Sequence Data ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; *Repressor Proteins ; *Transcription Factors ; Xenopus laevis
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 187
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    p53 status and the efficacy of cancer therapy in vivo (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-11-04
    Beschreibung: The therapeutic responsiveness of genetically defined tumors expressing or devoid of the p53 tumor suppressor gene was compared in immunocompromised mice. Tumors expressing the p53 gene contained a high proportion of apoptotic cells and typically regressed after treatment with gamma radiation or adriamycin. In contrast, p53-deficient tumors treated with the same regimens continued to enlarge and contained few apoptotic cells. Acquired mutations in p53 were associated with both treatment resistance and relapse in p53-expressing tumors. These results establish that defects in apoptosis, here caused by the inactivation of p53, can produce treatment-resistant tumors and suggest that p53 status may be an important determinant of tumor response to therapy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lowe, S W -- Bodis, S -- McClatchey, A -- Remington, L -- Ruley, H E -- Fisher, D E -- Housman, D E -- Jacks, T -- 5R27CA17575/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA14051/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01CA40602/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Nov 4;266(5186):807-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7973635" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; *Apoptosis ; Doxorubicin/*therapeutic use ; Drug Resistance ; Fibrosarcoma/drug therapy/*genetics/radiotherapy/*therapy ; *Gamma Rays ; *Genes, p53/genetics ; Immunocompromised Host ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Mutation ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Radiation Tolerance
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 188
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    Diversity of endogenous epitopes bound to MHC class II molecules limited by invariant chain (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-03-04
    Beschreibung: The invariant chain (Ii) binds nascent major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules, blocking peptide binding until the complex dissociates in the endosomes. This may serve to differentiate the MHC class I and II antigen presentation pathways and enable class II molecules to efficiently bind peptides in the endosomes. This hypothesis was addressed by probing spleen cells from a combination of knock-out and transgenic mice with a large panel of T cell hybridomas. The Ii molecule blocked the presentation of a range of endogenously synthesized epitopes, but some epitopes actually required Ii. Thus, the influence of Ii on presentation does not follow simple rules. In addition, mice expressing Ii were not tolerant to epitopes unmasked in its absence, a finding with possible implications for autoimmunity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bodmer, H -- Viville, S -- Benoist, C -- Mathis, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Mar 4;263(5151):1284-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratoire de Genetique Moleculaire des Eucaryotes du CNRS, Strasbourg, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7510069" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antigen-Presenting Cells/*immunology ; *Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte ; Epitopes/*immunology ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class II/genetics/*immunology ; Hybridomas ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Mice, Transgenic ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Myelin Basic Protein/immunology ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 189
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    Zebrafish hit the big time (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-05-13
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kahn, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 May 13;264(5161):904-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8178149" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Chromosome Mapping ; Embryo, Nonmammalian ; Genes ; *Mutation ; Neural Pathways ; Phenotype ; Zebrafish/embryology/*genetics
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 190
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    Gene discovery in dbEST (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-09-30
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Boguski, M S -- Tolstoshev, C M -- Bassett, D E Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Sep 30;265(5181):1993-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8091218" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; *Base Sequence ; DNA, Complementary/*genetics ; *Databases, Factual ; *Genes ; Humans ; *Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 191
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    Jak-STAT pathways and transcriptional activation in response to IFNs and other extracellular signaling proteins (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-06-03
    Beschreibung: Through the study of transcriptional activation in response to interferon alpha (IFN-alpha) and interferon gamma (IFN-gamma), a previously unrecognized direct signal transduction pathway to the nucleus has been uncovered: IFN-receptor interaction at the cell surface leads to the activation of kinases of the Jak family that then phosphorylate substrate proteins called STATs (signal transducers and activators of transcription). The phosphorylated STAT proteins move to the nucleus, bind specific DNA elements, and direct transcription. Recognition of the molecules involved in the IFN-alpha and IFN-gamma pathway has led to discoveries that a number of STAT family members exist and that other polypeptide ligands also use the Jak-STAT molecules in signal transduction.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Darnell, J E Jr -- Kerr, I M -- Stark, G R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jun 3;264(5164):1415-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8197455" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*metabolism ; Genes ; Genetic Complementation Test ; Humans ; Interferon-Stimulated Gene Factor 3 ; Interferon-Stimulated Gene Factor 3, gamma Subunit ; Interferon-alpha/*pharmacology ; Interferon-gamma/*pharmacology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism ; Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; *Signal Transduction ; Transcription Factors/*metabolism ; *Transcriptional Activation
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 192
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    Crystal structure of rat DNA polymerase beta: evidence for a common polymerase mechanism (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-06-24
    Beschreibung: Structures of the 31-kilodalton catalytic domain of rat DNA polymerase beta (pol beta) and the whole 39-kilodalton enzyme were determined at 2.3 and 3.6 angstrom resolution, respectively. The 31-kilodalton domain is composed of fingers, palm, and thumb subdomains arranged to form a DNA binding channel reminiscent of the polymerase domains of the Klenow fragment of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I, HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, and bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase. The amino-terminal 8-kilodalton domain is attached to the fingers subdomain by a flexible hinge. The two invariant aspartates found in all polymerase sequences and implicated in catalytic activity have the same geometric arrangement within structurally similar but topologically distinct palms, indicating that the polymerases have maintained, or possibly re-evolved, a common nucleotidyl transfer mechanism. The location of Mn2+ and deoxyadenosine triphosphate in pol beta confirms the role of the invariant aspartates in metal ion and deoxynucleoside triphosphate binding.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sawaya, M R -- Pelletier, H -- Kumar, A -- Wilson, S H -- Kraut, J -- CA17374/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- ES06839/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- GM10928/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jun 24;264(5167):1930-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Chemistry, University of California, San Diego 92093-0317.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7516581" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Binding Sites ; Cloning, Molecular ; Crystallization ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; DNA/metabolism ; DNA Polymerase I/*chemistry/metabolism ; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases/chemistry/metabolism ; Deoxyadenine Nucleotides/chemistry/metabolism ; Deoxycytosine Nucleotides/chemistry/metabolism ; Dideoxynucleotides ; HIV Reverse Transcriptase ; Protein Folding ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/chemistry/metabolism ; Rats ; Recombinant Proteins/chemistry ; Viral Proteins
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 193
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    Modulation of epithelial cell growth by intraepithelial gamma delta T cells (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-11-18
    Beschreibung: The role played in immune surveillance by gamma delta T cells residing in various epithelia has not been clear. It is shown here that activated gamma delta T cells obtained from skin and intestine express the epithelial cell mitogen keratinocyte growth factor (KGF). In contrast, intraepithelial alpha beta T cells, as well as all lymphoid alpha beta and gamma delta T cell populations tested, did not produce KGF or promote the growth of cultured epithelial cells. These results suggest that intraepithelial gamma delta T cells function in surveillance and in repair of damaged epithelial tissues.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Boismenu, R -- Havran, W L -- AI32751/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Nov 18;266(5188):1253-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Immunology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7973709" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Division ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Cloning, Molecular ; Dendritic Cells/*physiology ; Epithelial Cells ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 10 ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 7 ; *Fibroblast Growth Factors ; Growth Substances/*biosynthesis/genetics ; Keratinocytes/*cytology ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; *Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology/metabolism/*physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 194
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    Genes on the wing (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-07-01
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nijhout, H F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jul 1;265(5168):44-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Zoology Department, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708-0325.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7912450" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Butterflies/embryology/*genetics/growth & development ; Computer Simulation ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics ; Drosophila/embryology/*genetics/growth & development ; *Drosophila Proteins ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes, Homeobox ; *Genes, Insect ; *Homeodomain Proteins ; LIM-Homeodomain Proteins ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics ; Transcription Factors/genetics ; Wings, Animal/cytology/*growth & development ; Wnt1 Protein
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 195
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    Rotavirus vaccines: success by reassortment? (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-09-02
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Glass, R I -- Gentsch, J -- Smith, J C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Sep 2;265(5177):1389-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, GA 30333.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8073280" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Antigens, Viral/genetics/immunology ; Capsid/genetics/immunology ; *Capsid Proteins ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Diarrhea/microbiology/*prevention & control ; Humans ; Reassortant Viruses/*immunology ; Rotavirus/genetics/*immunology ; Rotavirus Infections/*prevention & control ; *Viral Vaccines/immunology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 196
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    Built for jumping: the design of the frog muscular system (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-01-21
    Beschreibung: Frogs must generate a high level of mechanical power when they jump. The muscular system of frogs that jump is presumably designed to deliver these high powers. The length changes and activation pattern that muscles undergo during jumping were measured, and isolated muscle bundles were driven through this in vivo pattern. During jumping, muscles generated maximum power. Specifically, the muscle fibers (i) operated at optimal sarcomere lengths, (ii) operated at optimal shortening velocities, and (iii) were maximally activated during power generation. Thus, many different parameters must have evolved in concert to produce a system capable of this explosive jumping movement.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lutz, G J -- Rome, L C -- AR38404/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jan 21;263(5145):370-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8278808" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Electromyography ; Hindlimb ; *Locomotion ; Motion Pictures as Topic ; Muscle Contraction/*physiology ; Muscles/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Rana pipiens/*anatomy & histology/physiology ; Sarcomeres/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 197
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    Reversion of the mouse pink-eyed unstable mutation induced by low doses of x-rays (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-12-02
    Beschreibung: Deletions and other genome rearrangements can be caused by radiation and are associated with carcinogenesis and inheritable diseases. The pink-eyed unstable (p(un)) mutation in the mouse is caused by a gene duplication and reverts to wild type by deletion of one copy. Reversion events in the mouse embryo were detected as black spots on the fur of the animals or microscopically as partially black hair in a background of colorless hair. The frequency of partially black hair was increased by x-rays at very low doses. A linear dose-response relation was found between 1 and 100 centigray.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schiestl, R H -- Khogali, F -- Carls, N -- ES06593/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Dec 2;266(5190):1573-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular and Cellular Toxicology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7985029" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Embryo, Mammalian/radiation effects ; Female ; *Gene Deletion ; Hair Color/genetics/radiation effects ; Male ; Maternal Exposure ; Melanocytes/radiation effects ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Mutant Strains ; Multigene Family ; Mutagenicity Tests ; Mutation/*radiation effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 198
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    Neurotrophic factors: two are better than one (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-08-19
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nishi, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Aug 19;265(5175):1052-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland 97201.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8066443" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ; Cell Survival ; Chick Embryo ; Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Mice, Mutant Strains ; Motor Neuron Disease/*drug therapy/pathology ; Motor Neurons/*cytology/drug effects ; Nerve Growth Factors/pharmacology/*physiology ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/pharmacology/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 199
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    Gem: an induced, immediate early protein belonging to the Ras family (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-07-08
    Beschreibung: A gene encoding a 35-kilodalton guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-binding protein, Gem, was cloned from mitogen-induced human peripheral blood T cells. Gem and Rad, the product of a gene overexpressed in skeletal muscle in individuals with Type II diabetes, constitute a new family of Ras-related GTP-binding proteins. The distinct structural features of this family include the G3 GTP-binding motif, extensive amino- and carboxyl-terminal extensions beyond the Ras-related domain, and a motif that determines membrane association. Gem was transiently expressed in human peripheral blood T cells in response to mitogenic stimulation; the protein was phosphorylated on tyrosine residues and localized to the cytosolic face of the plasma membrane. Deregulated Gem expression prevented proliferation of normal and transformed 3T3 cells. These results suggest that Gem is a regulatory protein, possibly participating in receptor-mediated signal transduction at the plasma membrane.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maguire, J -- Santoro, T -- Jensen, P -- Siebenlist, U -- Yewdell, J -- Kelly, K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jul 8;265(5169):241-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7912851" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism ; Cell Death ; Cell Division ; Cell Line ; Cell Line, Transformed ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; GTP-Binding Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Genes, ras ; Guanosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Humans ; Immediate-Early Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; *Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins ; Mutation ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; Transfection ; *ras Proteins
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 200
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    Requirement of human renal water channel aquaporin-2 for vasopressin-dependent concentration of urine (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1994-04-01
    Beschreibung: Concentration of urine in mammals is regulated by the antidiuretic hormone vasopressin. Binding of vasopressin to its V2 receptor leads to the insertion of water channels in apical membranes of principal cells in collecting ducts. In nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI), the kidney fails to concentrate urine in response to vasopressin. A male patient with an autosomal recessive form of NDI was found to be a compound heterozygote for two mutations in the gene encoding aquaporin-2, a water channel. Functional expression studies in Xenopus oocytes revealed that each mutation resulted in nonfunctional water channel proteins. Thus, aquaporin-2 is essential for vasopressin-dependent concentration of urine.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Deen, P M -- Verdijk, M A -- Knoers, N V -- Wieringa, B -- Monnens, L A -- van Os, C H -- van Oost, B A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Apr 1;264(5155):92-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cell Physiology, University of Nijmegen, Netherlands.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8140421" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Aquaporin 2 ; Aquaporin 6 ; *Aquaporins ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Deamino Arginine Vasopressin/*pharmacology ; Diabetes Insipidus/*genetics/physiopathology ; Female ; Genes, Recessive ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Kidney/metabolism/*physiology ; *Kidney Concentrating Ability ; Male ; Membrane Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*physiology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oocytes ; Pedigree ; Point Mutation ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; RNA, Complementary/genetics ; Water/metabolism ; Xenopus laevis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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