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  • 1
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    Backbone for global brain communication [Neuroscience] (2012)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-07-11
    Description: Network studies of human brain structural connectivity have identified a specific set of brain regions that are both highly connected and highly central. Recent analyses have shown that these putative hub regions are mutually and densely interconnected, forming a “rich club” within the human brain. Here we show that the set of pathways linking rich club regions forms a central high-cost, high-capacity backbone for global brain communication. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data of two sets of 40 healthy subjects were used to map structural brain networks. The contributions to network cost and communication capacity of global cortico-cortical connections were assessed through measures of their topology and spatial embedding. Rich club connections were found to be more costly than predicted by their density alone and accounted for 40% of the total communication cost. Furthermore, 69% of all minimally short paths between node pairs were found to travel through the rich club and a large proportion of these communication paths consisted of ordered sequences of edges (“path motifs”) that first fed into, then traversed, and finally exited the rich club, while passing through nodes of increasing and then decreasing degree. The prevalence of short paths that follow such ordered degree sequences suggests that neural communication might take advantage of strategies for dynamic routing of information between brain regions, with an important role for a highly central rich club. Taken together, our results show that rich club connections make an important contribution to interregional signal traffic, forming a central high-cost, high-capacity backbone for global brain communication.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 2
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    An institute without bosses (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-04-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kahn, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Apr 24;256(5056):464.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17787929" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Germany's gene law begins to bite (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-01-31
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kahn, Patricia -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jan 31;255(5044):524-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11642978" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Attitude ; Containment of Biohazards ; *DNA, Recombinant ; Genetic Engineering ; Germany ; *Government Regulation ; Humans ; *Legislation as Topic ; Politics ; Public Opinion ; Research Personnel ; *Social Control, Formal
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Adhesion protein studies provide new clue to metastasis (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-07-31
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kahn, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jul 31;257(5070):614.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1496370" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Genetic Variation ; Neoplasm Metastasis/genetics/*immunology ; Receptors, Lymphocyte Homing/genetics/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Public health. Getting HIV treatment to the most people (2012)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-07-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lynch, Sharonann -- Ford, Nathan -- van Cutsem, Gilles -- Bygrave, Helen -- Janssens, Bart -- Decroo, Tom -- Andrieux-Meyer, Isabelle -- Roberts, Teri -- Balkan, Suna -- Casas, Esther -- Ferreyra, Cecilia -- Bemelmans, Marielle -- Cohn, Jen -- Kahn, Patricia -- Goemaere, Eric -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Jul 20;337(6092):298-300. doi: 10.1126/science.1225702. Epub 2012 Jul 12.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Medecins Sans Frontieres Access Campaign, New York, NY 10001, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22798404" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Africa ; Anti-Retroviral Agents/*therapeutic use ; HIV Infections/*diagnosis/*drug therapy/epidemiology ; Health Care Surveys ; Health Services Accessibility ; Humans ; India ; Malawi ; *Medication Adherence ; Monitoring, Physiologic/economics/methods ; *Program Evaluation ; Viral Load/economics/*methods
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    New funds plant seeds for genome research effort (1997)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-01-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kahn, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1997 Jan 3;275(5296):25-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8999529" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Australia ; Biotechnology/*economics ; Financing, Government ; *Genetics, Medical ; *Genome, Human ; Genotype ; Human Genome Project/*economics ; Humans ; Mutation ; *Research Support as Topic ; Sequence Analysis, DNA
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    DNA from an extinct human (1997)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-07-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kahn, P -- Gibbons, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1997 Jul 11;277(5323):176-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9235628" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Africa ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; *Biological Evolution ; DNA, Mitochondrial/*genetics/isolation & purification ; Hominidae/*genetics ; Humans ; Mutation ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 8
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    Reunification: scientists in the East count the costs (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-06-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kahn, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jun 18;260(5115):1744-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17793645" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 9
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    Widespread contamination, widespread risk (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-01-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kahn, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jan 22;259(5094):450.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17734152" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 10
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    A grisly archive of key cancer data (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-01-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kahn, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jan 22;259(5094):448-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8424163" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Fresh Water ; Germany, East ; Humans ; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced/epidemiology/*etiology ; *Occupational Exposure ; Risk Factors ; *Uranium ; *Water Pollution, Radioactive
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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