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  • 1
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    Multipotent precursors can give rise to all major cell types of the frog retina (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-03-04
    Description: A prospective lineage analysis was performed to determine the variety of cell types that could be formed by individual precursor cells of the developing frog retina. Fluorescent dextran was iontophoretically injected into single cells of the embryonic optic vesicle. After further development of the embryo, labeled descendants were observed in all three layers of the larval retina. Furthermore, different clones were composed of various combinations of all major cell types, including the glial Muller cells. Hence, single optic vesicle cells have the potential to form any type of retinal cell, suggesting that the interactions that specify the differentiation pathway of retinal cells must occur late in development.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wetts, R -- Fraser, S E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Mar 4;239(4844):1142-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine 92717.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2449732" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Clone Cells/cytology ; Dextrans ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Iontophoresis ; Lysine ; Microinjections ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Neuroglia/cytology ; Neurons/cytology ; Retina/*cytology/embryology ; Rhodamines ; Stem Cells/*cytology ; Xenopus laevis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Specification of the zebrafish nervous system by nonaxial signals (1997)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-07-11
    Description: The organizer of the amphibian gastrula provides the neurectoderm with both neuralizing and posteriorizing (transforming) signals. In zebrafish, transplantations show that a spatially distinct transformer signal emanates from tissues other than the organizer. Cells of the germring (nonaxial mesendoderm) posteriorized forebrain progenitors when grafted nearby, resulting in an ectopic hindbrain-like structure; in contrast, cells of the organizer (axial mesendoderm) caused no posterior transformation. Local application of basic fibroblast growth factor, a candidate transformer in Xenopus, caused malformation but not hindbrain transformation in the forebrain. Thus, the zebrafish gastrula may integrate spatially distinct signals from the organizer and the germring to pattern the neural axis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Woo, K -- Fraser, S E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1997 Jul 11;277(5323):254-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Biology and Biological Imaging Center, Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA. kwoo@itsa.ucsf.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9211857" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Body Patterning ; Cell Transplantation ; DNA-Binding Proteins/biosynthesis ; Early Growth Response Protein 2 ; Ectoderm/cytology/physiology/transplantation ; Endoderm/cytology/physiology/transplantation ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2/pharmacology ; Gastrula/*physiology ; Mesencephalon/*embryology ; Mesoderm/cytology/physiology/transplantation ; Morphogenesis ; Recombinant Proteins/pharmacology ; Rhombencephalon/*embryology ; Stem Cells/physiology ; Transcription Factors/biosynthesis ; Zebrafish/*embryology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Label-free, single-molecule detection with optical microcavities (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2007-07-07
    Description: Current single-molecule detection techniques require labeling the target molecule. We report a highly specific and sensitive optical sensor based on an ultrahigh quality (Q) factor (Q 〉 10(8)) whispering-gallery microcavity. The silica surface is functionalized to bind the target molecule; binding is detected by a resonant wavelength shift. Single-molecule detection is confirmed by observation of single-molecule binding events that shift the resonant frequency, as well as by the statistics for these shifts over many binding events. These shifts result from a thermo-optic mechanism. Additionally, label-free, single-molecule detection of interleukin-2 was demonstrated in serum. These experiments demonstrate a dynamic range of 10(12) in concentration, establishing the microcavity as a sensitive and versatile detector.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Armani, Andrea M -- Kulkarni, Rajan P -- Fraser, Scott E -- Flagan, Richard C -- Vahala, Kerry J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Aug 10;317(5839):783-7. Epub 2007 Jul 5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Applied Physics, MC 128-95, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17615303" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies ; Cattle ; Chemistry Techniques, Analytical/*methods ; Interleukin-2/*analysis/blood/immunology ; Lasers ; *Optics and Photonics ; Temperature
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Dynamic analyses of Drosophila gastrulation provide insights into collective cell migration (2008)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-12-06
    Description: The concerted movement of cells from different germ layers contributes to morphogenesis during early embryonic development. Using an optimized imaging approach and quantitative methods, we analyzed the trajectories of hundreds of ectodermal cells and internalized mesodermal cells within Drosophila embryos over 2 hours during gastrulation. We found a high level of cellular organization, with mesoderm cell movements correlating with some but not all ectoderm movements. During migration, the mesoderm population underwent two ordered waves of cell division and synchronous cell intercalation, and cells at the leading edge stably maintained position. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling guides mesodermal cell migration; however, we found some directed dorsal migration in an FGF receptor mutant, which suggests that additional signals are involved. Thus, decomposing complex cellular movements can provide detailed insights into collective cell migration.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2801059/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2801059/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McMahon, Amy -- Supatto, Willy -- Fraser, Scott E -- Stathopoulos, Angelike -- P50 HG004071/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM078542/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM078542-02/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Dec 5;322(5907):1546-50. doi: 10.1126/science.1167094.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19056986" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Division ; *Cell Movement ; Drosophila/*embryology/genetics/metabolism ; Ectoderm/*cytology ; Embryo, Nonmammalian/*cytology ; Fibroblast Growth Factors/metabolism ; *Gastrulation ; Mesoderm/*cytology ; Morphogenesis ; Mutation ; Phenotype ; Signal Transduction
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Cell dynamics during somite boundary formation revealed by time-lapse analysis (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-11-02
    Description: We follow somite segmentation in living chick embryos and find that the shaping process is not a simple periodic slicing of tissue blocks but a much more carefully choreographed separation in which the somite pulls apart from the segmental plate. Cells move across the presumptive somite boundary and violate gene expression boundaries thought to correlate with the site of the somite boundary. Similarly, cells do not appear to be preassigned to a given somite as they leave the node. The results offer a detailed picture of somite shaping and provide a spatiotemporal framework for linking gene expression with cell movements.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kulesa, Paul M -- Fraser, Scott E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Nov 1;298(5595):991-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Biology, Beckman Institute 139-74, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12411697" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Boron Compounds ; Carbocyanines ; Cell Adhesion ; Cell Movement ; Cell Size ; Central Nervous System/embryology ; Ceramides ; Chick Embryo ; Epithelial Cells/cytology ; *Gene Expression ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Mesoderm/*cytology/physiology ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Models, Biological ; Receptor, EphA4/genetics ; Somites/*cytology/*physiology ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    The embryonic vertebrate heart tube is a dynamic suction pump (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-05-06
    Description: The embryonic vertebrate heart begins pumping blood long before the development of discernable chambers and valves. At these early stages, the heart tube has been described as a peristaltic pump. Recent advances in confocal laser scanning microscopy and four-dimensional visualization have warranted another look at early cardiac structure and function. We examined the movement of cells in the embryonic zebrafish heart tube and the flow of blood through the heart and obtained results that contradict peristalsis as a pumping mechanism in the embryonic heart. We propose a more likely explanation of early cardiac dynamics in which the pumping action results from suction due to elastic wave propagation in the heart tube.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Forouhar, Arian S -- Liebling, Michael -- Hickerson, Anna -- Nasiraei-Moghaddam, Abbas -- Tsai, Huai-Jen -- Hove, Jay R -- Fraser, Scott E -- Dickinson, Mary E -- Gharib, Morteza -- 5R01HL078694/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 May 5;312(5774):751-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Option in Bioengineering, Beckman Institute, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16675702" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; *Cardiac Output ; Heart/*embryology/*physiology ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Models, Cardiovascular ; *Myocardial Contraction ; Pressure ; Zebrafish/*embryology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    A dual embryonic origin for vertebrate mechanoreceptors (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1994-04-15
    Description: Neuromasts, the mechanoreceptors of the lateral line system of fishes and aquatic amphibians, have previously been thought to develop exclusively from embryonic epidermal placodes. Use of fate mapping techniques shows that neuromasts of the head and body of zebrafish, Siamese fighting fish, and Xenopus are also derived from neural crest. Neural crest migrates away from the neural tube in developing vertebrates to form much of the peripheral nervous system, pigment cells, and skeletal elements of the head. The data presented here demonstrate that neuromasts are derived from both neural crest and epidermal placodes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Collazo, A -- Fraser, S E -- Mabee, P M -- HD25138/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HD26864/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Apr 15;264(5157):426-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Biology, Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena 91125.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8153631" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Movement ; Central Nervous System/embryology ; Embryo, Nonmammalian/cytology ; Epidermis/cytology/*embryology ; Fishes/*embryology ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Mechanoreceptors/*embryology ; Neural Crest/cytology/*embryology ; Peripheral Nervous System/embryology ; Xenopus/*embryology ; Zebrafish/embryology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Magnetic resonance microscopy of embryonic cell lineages and movements (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-02-04
    Description: Key events in vertebrate embryogenesis are difficult to observe in many species. High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging was used to follow cell movements and lineages in developing frog embryos. A single cell was injected at the 16-cell stage with a contrast agent, based on the gadolinium chelate gadolinium-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid-dextran. The labeled progeny cells could be followed uniquely in three-dimensional magnetic resonance images, acquired from the embryo over several days. The results show that external ectodermal and internal mesodermal tissues extend at different rates during amphibian gastrulation and neurulation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jacobs, R E -- Fraser, S E -- HD 25390/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Feb 4;263(5147):681-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Biology, Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena 91125.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7508143" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blastocyst/cytology ; Blastomeres/*cytology ; Dextrans ; Ectoderm/cytology ; Embryo, Nonmammalian/*cytology ; Embryology/*methods ; Gadolinium ; *Gadolinium DTPA ; Gastrula/*cytology ; *Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Mesoderm/cytology ; Microscopy ; Morphogenesis ; Pentetic Acid/analogs & derivatives ; Xenopus laevis/embryology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Eye dominance columns from an isogenic double-nasal frog eye (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-07-15
    Description: Removing the posterior (temporal) two-thirds of the Xenopus eye bud produces a remaining fragment, which becomes round and grows to a normal adult size eye. Electrophysiological and anatomical analyses showed that each of the two halves of this eye projected across the entire optic tectum in mirror image (double-nasal) fashion, and that fibers from each half-eye sorted out to form eye dominance stripes on the tectum. That both halves of the mirror-symmetric map were derived from only one animal, and from only one side of the head, rules out global markers such as right versus left and histocompatibility differences as causing the formation of these stripes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ide, C F -- Fraser, S E -- Meyer, R L -- NS16319/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 15;221(4607):293-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6857287" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Electrophysiology ; Eye/*innervation ; Optic Nerve/physiology ; Retina/physiology ; Superior Colliculi/physiology ; Vision, Ocular/*physiology ; Xenopus
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Selective disruption of gap junctional communication interferes with a patterning process in hydra (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-07-03
    Description: The cells that make up the body column of hydra are extensively joined by gap junctions, capable of mediating the rapid exchange of small hydrophilic molecules between the cytoplasms of neighboring cells. Both the rate of transfer of small molecules through the gap junctions and the rate of return of gap junction coupling after grafting experiments are sufficiently rapid to mediate events in the patterning of hydra tissue. Antibodies to the major rat liver gap junction protein (27,000 daltons) recognize a gap junction antigen in hydra and are effective in eliminating junctional communication between hydra cells. The antibodies perturb the head inhibition gradient in grafting operations, suggesting that cell-cell communication via gap junctions is important in this defined tissue patterning process.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fraser, S E -- Green, C R -- Bode, H R -- Gilula, N B -- GM-29130/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM-32230/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM-37904/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Jul 3;237(4810):49-55.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3037697" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Cell Communication ; Connexins ; Electrophysiology ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Hydra/*physiology ; Immunologic Techniques ; Intercellular Junctions/*physiology ; Isoquinolines ; Membrane Proteins/immunology ; Morphogenesis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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