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  • 1
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    Rapid extragranular plasticity in the absence of thalamocortical plasticity in the developing primary visual cortex (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-03-17
    Description: Monocular deprivation during early postnatal development remodels the circuitry of the primary visual cortex so that most neurons respond poorly to stimuli presented to the deprived eye. This rapid physiological change is ultimately accompanied by a matching anatomical loss of input from the deprived eye. This remodeling is thought to be initiated at the thalamocortical synapse. Ocular dominance plasticity after brief (24 hours) monocular deprivation was analyzed by intrinsic signal optical imaging and by targeted extracellular unit recordings. Deprived-eye responsiveness was lost in the extragranular layers, whereas normal binocularity in layer IV was preserved. This finding supports the hypothesis that thalamocortical organization is guided by earlier changes at higher stages.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2412909/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2412909/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Trachtenberg, J T -- Trepel, C -- Stryker, M P -- EY06824/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- F32 EY006824/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R37 EY002874/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R37 EY002874-21/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R37-EY02874/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Mar 17;287(5460):2029-32.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉W. M. Keck Foundation Center for Integrative Neuroscience and Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0444, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10720332" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain Mapping ; Cats ; Microelectrodes ; *Neuronal Plasticity ; Neurons/physiology ; Photic Stimulation ; Thalamus/anatomy & histology/growth & development/*physiology ; Vision, Binocular ; Vision, Monocular ; Visual Cortex/*anatomy & histology/growth & development/*physiology ; Visual Pathways/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Visual Perception
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    Neuroscience. Drums keep pounding a rhythm in the brain (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-03-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2866371/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2866371/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stryker, M P -- R37 EY002874/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R37 EY002874-22/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Feb 23;291(5508):1506-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Keck Center for Integrative Neuroscience, Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94943-0444, USA. stryker@phy.ucsf.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11234083" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Attention/*physiology ; Cues ; Electrophysiology ; Fixation, Ocular ; Macaca ; Neurons/*physiology ; *Photic Stimulation ; Visual Cortex/*physiology ; Visual Perception/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Sensory maps on the move (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-06-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2866372/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2866372/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stryker, M P -- R37 EY002874/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R37 EY002874-20/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 May 7;284(5416):925-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Keck Center for Integrative Neuroscience, Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0444, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10357679" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acoustic Stimulation ; Animals ; Auditory Pathways/*physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Inferior Colliculi/*physiology ; Nerve Net/physiology ; Neural Inhibition ; *Neuronal Plasticity ; Photic Stimulation ; Receptors, GABA/physiology ; Sound Localization ; Strigiformes/*physiology ; Superior Colliculi/*physiology ; Visual Pathways/*physiology ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    The role of visual experience in the development of columns in cat visual cortex (1998)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1998-02-07
    Description: The role of experience in the development of the cerebral cortex has long been controversial. Patterned visual experience in the cat begins when the eyes open about a week after birth. Cortical maps for orientation and ocular dominance in the primary visual cortex of cats were found to be present by 2 weeks. Early pattern vision appeared unimportant because these cortical maps developed identically until nearly 3 weeks of age, whether or not the eyes were open. The naive maps were powerfully dominated by the contralateral eye, and experience was needed for responses to the other eye to become strong, a process unlikely to be strictly Hebbian. With continued visual deprivation, responses to both eyes deteriorated, with a time course parallel to the well-known critical period of cortical plasticity. The basic structure of cortical maps is therefore innate, but experience is essential for specific features of these maps, as well as for maintaining the responsiveness and selectivity of cortical neurons.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2453000/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2453000/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Crair, M C -- Gillespie, D C -- Stryker, M P -- EY02874/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- EY09760/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R37 EY002874/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R37 EY002874-20/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1998 Jan 23;279(5350):566-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉W. M. Keck Foundation Center for Integrative Neuroscience, Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9438851" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Brain Mapping ; Cats ; Microelectrodes ; *Photic Stimulation ; Vision, Monocular ; *Vision, Ocular ; Visual Cortex/*physiology ; Visual Pathways
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Ocular dominance column development: analysis and simulation (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-08-11
    Description: The visual cortex of many adult mammals has patches of cells that receive inputs driven by the right eye alternating with patches that receive inputs driven by the left eye. These ocular dominance patches (or "columns") form during early life as a consequence of competition between the activity patterns of the two eyes. A mathematical model of several biological mechanisms that can account for this development is presented. Analysis of this model reveals the conditions under which ocular dominance segregation will occur and determines the resulting patch width. Simulations of the model also exhibit other phenomena associated with early visual development, such as topographic refinement of cortical receptive fields, the confinement of input cell connections to patches, monocular deprivation plasticity including a critical period, and the effect of artificially induced strabismus. The model can be used to predict the results of proposed experiments and to discriminate among various mechanisms of plasticity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Miller, K D -- Keller, J B -- Stryker, M P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Aug 11;245(4918):605-15.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0444.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2762813" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Afferent Pathways/physiology ; Animals ; Cats ; *Computer Simulation ; Eye/growth & development/innervation ; *Functional Laterality ; Geniculate Bodies/physiology ; Mathematics ; *Models, Biological ; *Ocular Physiological Phenomena ; Synapses/physiology ; Vision, Ocular/physiology ; Visual Cortex/growth & development/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Cortical plasticity induced by inhibitory neuron transplantation (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-02-27
    Description: Critical periods are times of pronounced brain plasticity. During a critical period in the postnatal development of the visual cortex, the occlusion of one eye triggers a rapid reorganization of neuronal responses, a process known as ocular dominance plasticity. We have shown that the transplantation of inhibitory neurons induces ocular dominance plasticity after the critical period. Transplanted inhibitory neurons receive excitatory synapses, make inhibitory synapses onto host cortical neurons, and promote plasticity when they reach a cellular age equivalent to that of endogenous inhibitory neurons during the normal critical period. These findings suggest that ocular dominance plasticity is regulated by the execution of a maturational program intrinsic to inhibitory neurons. By inducing plasticity, inhibitory neuron transplantation may facilitate brain repair.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3164148/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3164148/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Southwell, Derek G -- Froemke, Robert C -- Alvarez-Buylla, Arturo -- Stryker, Michael P -- Gandhi, Sunil P -- EY016317/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- F32 EY016317/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- F32 EY016317-03/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- P50 MH077972/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- P50 MH077972-05/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS048528/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS048528-04/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Feb 26;327(5969):1145-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1183962.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurological Surgery and the Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20185728" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Aging ; *Dominance, Ocular ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; *Neural Inhibition ; *Neuronal Plasticity ; Neurons/*transplantation ; Prosencephalon/cytology/embryology ; Sensory Deprivation ; Synapses/physiology ; Visual Cortex/growth & development/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Interneurons from embryonic development to cell-based therapy (2014)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-04-12
    Description: Many neurologic and psychiatric disorders are marked by imbalances between neural excitation and inhibition. In the cerebral cortex, inhibition is mediated largely by GABAergic (gamma-aminobutyric acid-secreting) interneurons, a cell type that originates in the embryonic ventral telencephalon and populates the cortex through long-distance tangential migration. Remarkably, when transplanted from embryos or in vitro culture preparations, immature interneurons disperse and integrate into host brain circuits, both in the cerebral cortex and in other regions of the central nervous system. These features make interneuron transplantation a powerful tool for the study of neurodevelopmental processes such as cell specification, cell death, and cortical plasticity. Moreover, interneuron transplantation provides a novel strategy for modifying neural circuits in rodent models of epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, mood disorders, and chronic pain.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4056344/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4056344/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Southwell, Derek G -- Nicholas, Cory R -- Basbaum, Allan I -- Stryker, Michael P -- Kriegstein, Arnold R -- Rubenstein, John L -- Alvarez-Buylla, Arturo -- HD032116/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- MH049428/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- NS14627/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS28478/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS78326/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 EY002874/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH049428/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS014627/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS028478/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS078326/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01-EY02874/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R37 HD032116/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM008568/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Apr 11;344(6180):1240622. doi: 10.1126/science.1240622.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24723614" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Count ; Cell Separation ; *Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy ; Cerebral Cortex/cytology/growth & development/physiology ; *Embryonic Development ; Humans ; Interneurons/*physiology/*transplantation ; Mental Disorders/*therapy ; Mice ; Nervous System Diseases/*therapy
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Columnar architecture sculpted by GABA circuits in developing cat visual cortex (2004)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-03-16
    Description: The mammalian visual cortex is organized into columns. Here, we examine cortical influences upon developing visual afferents in the cat by altering intrinsic gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-mediated inhibition with benzodiazepines. Local enhancement by agonist (diazepam) infusion did not perturb visual responsiveness, but did widen column spacing. An inverse agonist (DMCM) produced the opposite effect. Thus, intracortical inhibitory circuits shape the geometry of incoming thalamic arbors, suggesting that cortical columnar architecture depends on neuronal activity.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2562723/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2562723/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hensch, Takao K -- Stryker, Michael P -- R37 EY002874/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R37 EY002874-24S1/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Mar 12;303(5664):1678-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory for Neuronal Circuit Development, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan. hensch@postman.riken〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15017001" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Carbolines/pharmacology ; Cats ; Diazepam/pharmacology ; Dominance, Ocular/*physiology ; Electrophysiology ; GABA-A Receptor Agonists ; Neural Inhibition ; Neurons/*physiology ; Photic Stimulation ; Receptors, GABA-A/physiology ; Synaptic Transmission ; Thalamus/growth & development/physiology ; Vision, Ocular ; Visual Cortex/anatomy & histology/*growth & development/*physiology ; Visual Pathways ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Local GABA circuit control of experience-dependent plasticity in developing visual cortex (1998)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1998-11-20
    Description: Sensory experience in early life shapes the mammalian brain. An impairment in the activity-dependent refinement of functional connections within developing visual cortex was identified here in a mouse model. Gene-targeted disruption of one isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase prevented the competitive loss of responsiveness to an eye briefly deprived of vision, without affecting cooperative mechanisms of synapse modification in vitro. Selective, use-dependent enhancement of fast intracortical inhibitory transmission with benzodiazepines restored plasticity in vivo, rescuing the genetic defect. Specific networks of inhibitory interneurons intrinsic to visual cortex may detect perturbations in sensory input to drive experience-dependent plasticity during development.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2851625/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2851625/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hensch, T K -- Fagiolini, M -- Mataga, N -- Stryker, M P -- Baekkeskov, S -- Kash, S F -- R37 EY002874/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R37 EY002874-20/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1998 Nov 20;282(5393):1504-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory for Neuronal Circuit Development, Brain Science Institute RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan. hensch@postman.riken.go.jp〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9822384" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Diazepam/pharmacology ; GABA Modulators/pharmacology ; Gene Targeting ; Glutamate Decarboxylase/genetics/*metabolism ; Interneurons/*physiology ; Long-Term Potentiation ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; *Neuronal Plasticity/drug effects ; Photic Stimulation ; Receptors, GABA-A/metabolism ; Synaptic Transmission ; Visual Cortex/cytology/metabolism/*physiology ; Visual Pathways ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Control of thalamocortical afferent rearrangement by postsynaptic activity in developing visual cortex (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-09-16
    Description: The formation of specific connections in the developing central nervous system is thought to result from mechanisms that increase the strengths of synapses at which pre- and postsynaptic activity are correlated and decrease it otherwise. In the visual cortex, initially widespread inputs normally sort out into eye-specific patches during early life. If only one eye can see during this period, its patches are much larger than normal, and patches from the occluded eye become much smaller. Anatomical experiments here show that closed-eye inputs expand within a region of cortex that is silenced, establishing that inhibition of common target cells gives less active inputs a competitive advantage.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hata, Y -- Stryker, M P -- EY02874/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01 EY002874/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Sep 16;265(5179):1732-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉W. M. Keck Center for Integrative Neuroscience, Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0444.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8085163" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain Mapping ; Cats ; Geniculate Bodies/anatomy & histology/physiology ; Muscimol/pharmacology ; Neuronal Plasticity ; Synapses/*physiology ; Thalamus/anatomy & histology/growth & development/*physiology ; Visual Cortex/anatomy & histology/growth & development/*physiology ; Visual Pathways/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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