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  • 1
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    Limnological study of Taham Lake in Zanjan Province in order to assess aquaculture possibility (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25273 | 18721 | 2018-09-07 08:29:11 | 25273 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: The Taham dam reservoir has been established in order to provide drinking water of Zanjan population as far as 15 km in a mountain region at 1900 meter altitude with a 317 ha surface area. This study was conducted on biotic and a biotic factors in order to recognize of aquaculture possibility within drinking considerations. The results showed the less abundance of phytoplankton with 2 million/l. where abundant of zooplankton was 266 /l. Bacillariophyta and Chlorophyta belong to phytoplankton and Rotatoria belong to zooplankton were dominated among identified plankton phylum. There were identified 45 and 32 genus of phytoplankton and zooplankton respectively. There were identified 5 groups of benthos that Tubificidae, Hirudina had the most frequency, and the biomass of benthos was varied from 1.1 to 23.7 g /m^2. The ichtiology survey showed presence of 6 species in the lake that Alburnoides bipunctatus, Capoeta capoeta, Leuciscus cephalus were the most abundance in the catch. L. cephalus was recorded with the maximum size of 870 g while the most frequent weight class was 150 450 g for C. capoeta,, L. cephalus . Diet survey showed the adequate feeding of fishes in lake also the observation of leech in trout guts was very considerable. The reproduction study displayed that a partial of matured fishes were succeed in breeding. Leuciscus cephalus have been known as a typical species with commercial size and high abundance which will be needed a fisheries management in Taham Lake to sustainable exploitation. The hidrochemical results indicated low nutrients values while total nitrogen was varied from 0.32 to 0.61 mg/l. and the Chl-a was varied from 7.9 to 25.9 μg/l. The oxygen amount was 4.5 to 8.4 mg/l even in 65 meter depths. Total hardness average was about 149 mg/l where the Ca and Mn were measured in a low values. Trophic model in Taham lake showed the early stage of mesotrophy while other lakes and wetlands in north of Iran had been progressed in mesotrophic level.
    Keywords: Limnology ; Iran ; Zanjan province ; Taham lake ; Limnological ; Aquaculture ; Population ; Biotic ; Phytoplankton ; Zooplankton ; l. Bacillariophyta ; Chlorophyta ; Rotatoria ; Phylum ; Biomass ; Alburnoides bipunctatus ; Capoeta capoeta ; C. capoeta ; L. cephalus
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  • 2
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    Brood production of Barbus xanthopterus by fingerling rearing (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25275 | 18721 | 2018-09-07 07:56:56 | 25275 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: This study has been carried out to determine the possibility of producing Gattan fish (Barbus xanthopterus) brooders in captivity condition. For this reason during in year 2004-2005, 600 specimen of Gattan in three pond and in 2008, from two local point shilat and research center, 200 specimen in two ponds were placed. The area of each pond was 1800 square meters. In the first period of rearing, total weight and total length of nearly two years old brooders reached to 989 g and 44 cm respectively. All of the fishes were male (except one case) and they had become mature. In second rearing period, 27 percent of shilat specimens and 42 percent of research center specimens were female. In 22 months old fishes, the males and females of shilat specimens reached to mean weight 716 and 658 g and mean length 382 and 365 cm respectively. Also, the male and females of research center specimens reached to mean weight was 1195 and 11064 g and mean length 443 and 425 cm respectively, when they were 22 months old. The absolute and specific growth rate in two rearing periods showed ascending trend and the 100 percent of brooders were survived. The male fishes were matured in 2 years old and the mature female fishes were not observed. The brooders response to pituitary extract in research center specimens was found to be more than shilat specimens.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Rearing ; Gattan ; Maturity ; Sex ratio ; Fertilization ; Hatching ; Fecundity ; Survivor ; Brood production ; Barbus xanthopterus ; Fingerling ; Specimen
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  • 3
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    The study of propagation and culture of marine worm (Perinereis nuntia) (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25268 | 18721 | 2018-09-07 07:30:30 | 25268 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Marine polychaete worms living in different beds from coastal areas, so different cultures can be different effects on their development. The evaluation of this research initially, marine polychaete worms were collected in low tidal sea areas from Gulf Persian coast in Bushehr. During several stages of sampling do more than 2000 pieces of worm were taken and then transferred to Bandarga Shrimp Research Station (Iran Shrimp Research Center). So based on an observation the desired species identification (Perinereis nuntia). Then 400 pieces worm selected and transferred to tanks maintain immature worm (fiberglass tanks with dimensions of 2×2×0.5 m with 15 cm sand on floor). The results showed that even the worms (P. nuntia) in vitro reached sexual maturity able to spawn in captivity conditions and were absolute fecundity of 16010 ± 17630 eggs. After incubation eggs, larval culture into the plastic tank with 70 cm diameter, larval (1.5 to 2 mm) were introduced with density 2000 (pieces/m^2). In this research used to three different beds (tidal, filled with water all of time and wet bed) with three different food types (food shrimp, seaweed and vegetable waste), so there were 9 experimental treatments. All experimental treatments harvested and estimate production in each of them after 270 days. The seaweed tidal treatment with amount of 21.17 g/m^2 had best results and the all of wet treatments with 0 g/m^2 was the lowest production. Compare of beds showed that the tidal treatments have significant difference with other beds in growth factors (e.g. mean weight, survival percentage and total production) (P〈0.05). And for effect of food kind on growth factors, the result of difference foods in tidal treatment were analyzed. According this mater any treatments have no significant difference together in growth factors (e.g. mean weight, survival percentage and total production) (P〉0.05).
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Persian Gulf ; Bushehr Province ; Propagation ; Culture ; Marine ; Worm ; Perinereis nuntia ; Polychaete ; Sampling ; Shrimp ; Perinereis nuntia ; Immature ; P. nuntia ; Sexual maturity ; Survival percentage
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  • 4
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    The effect of attractant on the growth factor and survival rate of Penaeus semisicatus (green Tiger) (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25109 | 18721 | 2018-08-23 05:41:58 | 25109 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: This project was carried out in 2000 to determine the effect of attractant diet on growth and survival rate of Penaeus semisulcatus in fifteen treatment each with three replication were applied for 45 days. The results indicate that 40I B, 40II and T foods had highest effect on mean weight which were 0.1556, 0.1492 and 0.1164 grams respectively. The yield data were compared with regression which showed us the positive correlation coefficient between yield and food consumption was 0.75.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Biology ; Iran ; Penaeus semisulcatus ; Food consumption ; Mean Weight and growth ; Survival rate ; Growth factors ; Green tiger
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  • 5
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    Study of beluga (Huso huso) farming in brackish water earth pond (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25110 | 18721 | 2018-08-23 05:55:27 | 25110 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: This research was conducted for evaluation of adaptation and growth rate of beluga (Huso huso) in brackish water earth pond in Yazd Province. In order to select the best density for beluga culture in brackish water earth pond, beluga with initial average weight of 21g were stocked 0.4 and 0.8 peace/m2 of earth pond with 1000 m^2 in area. Water resource was a semi deep well with initial temperature and salinity of 24 and 11.5 g/l respectively. During the time of culture, water temperature, pH, DO and salinity were 12-27, 8.1-9.4, 4.5-8.9 mg/l and 11.5-13 g/l in respectively. Culture period was 240 days. Results showed that growth performance of fishes in studied treatments had no significant difference.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Beluga ; Huso huso ; Earth pond ; Brackish water ; Evaluation
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  • 6
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    Determining nutritional requirements in Beluga (H.huso) from larval stage to marketable size (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25107 | 18721 | 2018-08-24 06:13:27 | 25107 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Growth experiments were designed and conducted in several phases in order to determine the most suitable starter diet, to determine the effects of different levels of protein and energy and also to determine the effects of different ratios of carbohydrate to fat on growth and body composition in farmed Huso huso from the larval stage up to the marketing stage. Phase one Growth experiments were conducted in a random statistical design to compare growth trends in H. huso larvae (mean weight 105.02 ± 0,02 mg) without being adapted to formulated diets. Experiments were conducted in fibreglass tanks (500 litre capacity) under similar culture conditions. Four replicates were run for each experiment. Larvae were fed four types of formulated diets (Diet A=100 % formulated diet produced in the International sturgeon Research Institute, Diet B=formulated diet imported from Holland, Diet C= formulated diet imported from France, Diet D= a mixture of Diet A + 10% gammarus) 8 times a day to satiation for a period of 49 days. The results obtained were compared with those obtained for the control group that was fed live food (Daphnia and Artemia). Mean water temperature during the experimental period was 18.52 ± 0.48 °C and mean dissolved oxygen was 7.35 ± 0.18 mg/l. The first signs of food granules were observed in the guts of the larvae after 12 h of the first feeding. All experimental groups were adapted to granulated diets on day 3 to day 5. In the beginning of the experimental period the larvae showed a no normal distribution (P 0.05) in terms of weight and length. However significant differences were observed in the end of the experimental period among the different groups studied in terms of growth, specific growth rate and food efficiency (P 0.05). Growth in group B and D were significantly higher than that in other groups except for the control group (P 0.05). It may thus be concluded that the olfactory organs of larvae took to Diet B (may be due to its composition) and to the diet D (because of its odour, texture and suitable flavour) more readily than other diets. At the end of the experimental period, maximum survival (98%) belonged to the control group. Survival rate in Group B and Group D was 90 % and 86.5%, respectively (P 0.05). Minimum survival belonged to fish fed Diet A (29.7%) and Diet C (45.5%). With regard to the adaptability of larvae to formulated diets, survival rates and growth and development in larvae we may conclude that the effects of different formulated diets on growth in larvae can be conducted on larvae with a mean body weight between 100 to 120 mg. In this weight class the digestive system and olfactory organ are fully developed and play a vital role in searching for food particles.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Biology ; Iran ; Huso huso ; Protein to energy ratio ; Carbohydrate to fat ratio ; Body composition ; SGR
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  • 7
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    Study on propagation and breeding of Hamoun fish (shizothoraxzarudnyi) to one gram weight in earthen pond (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25322 | 18721 | 2018-09-12 09:50:04 | 25322 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Hamoun fish, Schizothorax zarudnyi, is an indigenous species of the eastern waters of Iran, which is exclusively found in this region. However recently drought occurrence in the Chahnimeh reservoirs (a semi natural water body) making them vulnerable to extinction. As an appropriate action to address this problem and according to the 3 side contract between Italian Government – UNDP - Islamic republic of Iran Government and the Italian government financial support to reduce poverty in the Province of Sistan-Baluchestan through the reinforcement and dissemination of aquaculture activities the project was developed at the Hamoun Research Unit by the Chahbahar Fisheries Research Center to record the breeding normative of 1 g weight larvae for restocking and other researching purposes. 331 broodstocks of the indigenous species Shizothorax zarudnyi weighing 800-2450 g were collected from the Chahnimeh reservoirs in early autumn, 2006. From 5/3/2007 (the project is supported and communicated on 2010) , Ovulation was stimulated with three stimulators; pituitary extract (3-6 mg kg-1 body weight), GnRH-A (20-30 mg kg-1 body weight) and anti dopamine (10-15 mg kg-1 body weight) that was given in 2-3 doses to breeders. Of 169 injected breeders , some were injected On mid March of 2007 (12-13 ºC water temperature) responded to the injection 25% ,while the rest were injected On April of 2008 (14-16 ºC water temperature) responded to the injection 65%. In the present project of 167 breeders 82 were female and 87 male. Totally 30 female breeders released their eggs in different stages. 20 female breeders released their eggs completely, 3 breeders released half of their eggs and 7 released 1/3 of their eggs. The male breeders just injected in the final dose of hormontrapy and all were ready for releasing sperms however the ovulation in female breeders occurs between 353-428 h ºC and after the final dose of injection. Ripe eggs were stripped from the females and fertilization was done by the dry method. Fertilized eggs were transferred to veis incubators and troughs. Incubation period for eggs differs and larvae hatch out after about 910 days at an average water temperature of 12.5 °C. Maintained at 13-14 °C, complete absorption of yolk sac in Shizothorax zarudnyi larvae occurred after 5-8 days. Larvae were fed with a mixture of powdered milk and egg yolk in this stage followed by decapsulated Artemia cysts and nauplii of Artemia and then on formulated starter diets used for carps. Because the ponds were not ready, larvae were maintained in troughs for about ten days before they were transferred to two 1200 m2 earthen ponds where they reached a body weight of about 1 g. They were then handed over to the Iranian Fisheries department in the region. Larvae were fed with the starter feed SFCO in the earthen ponds. About 350 thousand larvae were stocked in two earthen ponds. Based on the results of present study and other studies we may conclude that artificial breeding in Schizothorax can be successfully achieved at 14-16 ºC in flow through systems using hormone therapy (combination of GnRha and anti dopamine) and larvae could be easily cultured in earthen ponds. However this species exhibits lower growth rates as compared to carps its high expenses could have an important role in economical feasible.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Sistan and Baluchestan province ; Chahnimeh reservoirs ; Chahbahar ; Hamoun fish ; Schizothorax zarudnyi ; Breeding ; Species ; Aquaculture ; Temperature ; Female ; Eggs ; Hormontrapy ; Sperm ; Ovulation ; Larvae ; Fisheries ; Earthen ponds
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  • 8
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    Investigation on feasibility polyculture of Litopenaeus vannamei with Mugil cephalus in earthen shrimp ponds (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25324 | 18721 | 2018-09-12 09:56:53 | 25324 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: This study was conducted in order to optimizing of the biological condition and enhancing of the harvest efficiency for cultured shrimps of Guater site. Experimental design was consisted of three treatments and each treatment with three replications (totally 9 ponds with 600 m^2 area for each pond). After preparing and watering of ponds, the ponds was stocked with shrimp post larves in a density of 0.007±0.001 g (or 20 numbers per m^2) per m^2. After 35 days, the fingerlings of gray mullet were released to shrimp ponds in densities of 0/100 m^2 (T1/), 2/100 m^2 (T2) and 4/100 m^2 (T3). During experiment, the physicochemical parameters of water (temperature, O_2, pH, water transparency and salinity) were measured daily for two times (morning and afternoon). Also, the nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, phosphate and silicate concentrations and BOD5 as well as chlorophyll (a), phytoplanktons and zooplanktons were measured every 15 days one time. To determine the organic values of the bottom sediment of the ponds, monthly sampling was conducted. Health status of shrimps was investigated monthly too. Growth rate, mean weight, survival value, Food conversion ratios (FCR) and total shrimp harvest (Kg) were measured after 107 days rearing in ponds. ANOVA analysis showed significant differences between treatments. The highest (212 Kg, 3533 Kg; weight mean was18.4 g for each shrimp) and lowest (187 Kg, 3116 Kg; weight mean was16.23 g for each shrimp) of harvested shrimps were yielded in T3 and T1 respectively. There was not significant differences between treatments in terms of survival rate (P〉0.05). After 107 days rearing, the highest (1.27 0.2) and lowest (1.2 0.1) of FCR were observed in T_3 and T_1 respectively. Although, there were no significant differences between T_2 and T_3 in ammonia, O_2, Total organic material, pH and BOD5, but, T_2 and T_3 had significant differences with T_1 in these parameters. In this study, 27 genus of phytoplanktons belonged to Diatoms (Bacillariophyceae), blue-green algal (Cyanophyceae) and dinoflagellates (Dinophyceae) were identified. Diatoms with 20 genus had more abundance than dinoflagellates (6 genus) and blue-green algal (1 genus). Also, 7 orders of zooplanktons including copepod, mollusks, nauplius of crustacean and rhizopoda were identified. Health investigation of T1 (without shrimp) showed more pathogenic pollution (parasites and bacteria) than in treatments with shrimp. In this regard, among bacteria, the Vibrio genus (V.Alginoliticus and V.Fluvialis) had more abundance and among parasites zoothamnium sp and Epistylis sp were identified which more abundance was for zoothamnium sp. In conclusion, our results concluded that mixed culturing of white shrimp and grey mullet in optimum densities is possible and is caused more production of shrimp.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Chabahar ; Guater ; Litopenaeus vannamei ; Mugil cephalus ; Mixed culturing ; Polyculture ; Earthen ponds ; Shrimp ; Fingerlings ; Gray mullet ; Temperature ; O2 ; pH ; Water transparency ; Salinity ; Chlorophyll a ; Phytoplanktons ; Zooplanktons ; ANOVA ; Diatoms ; Bacillariophyceae ; Blue-green algae ; Cyanophyceae ; Copepod ; Investigation
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  • 9
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    A survey on environmental effects of shrimp pond culture effluents in Gwatar area (Sistan & Blouchestan) (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25327 | 18721 | 2018-09-12 09:54:28 | 25327 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Present project was conducted in shrimp farm located in east of Chabahar in Sistan and Balouchestan province.Twentieth sampling stations at three locations (i.e. 2 stations in supply channel,13 stations in drainage channel and 5 stations in Gwatar Gulf) were selected to determine physical and chemical factors such as; temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH, nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, phosphate and biological parameters for example Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton and zooplankton. Sampling was conducted once a month from March 2003 until January 2004. The results revealed different bioenvironmental area in the three locations (i.e. supply channel, drainage channel and Gwatar Gulf) over the study period. Concentration of salinity ,pH , nitatr ,nitrite ,ammonia and chlorophyll a in drainage channel were more than supply channel and Gawtar Gulf. While concentation dissolved oxygen and phosphate were in drainage channel less than Gawtar Gulf.Also, sediment with small grain size (clay and silt) caused uptake phosphate and amount phosphate decreased in drainage channel. Considering with lack of environment standards in Iran shrimp effluent, data compared with others countries standard. Results showed that with considerable farm area, value of temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen and pH were in permit range in Gwatar Gulf while concentation nitrate, phosphate and chlorophyll a were sometimes more than permit range that could cause plankton bloom. Also, Gwatar Gulf were influence monsoon. Nitate, phosphate, chlorophyll a and phytoplankton increased in gwatar Gulf.Regards with that postmonsoon was simultaneus with shrimp harvest.Therefore, increase some parameters could be caused from shrimp effluent or postmonsoon. Thirty four phytoplankton genus were identified including diatoma, dinoflagellate, cyanophyta and chlorophyta. In each area maxiumum percentage of phytoplankton were belonged to diatoma (63%) in supply channel, cyanophyta (51.7%) in drainage channel and dinoflagellate (94.5%) in Gwatar Gulf.Amount and range chemical and physical factors and plankton composition were different in drainage channel, supply channel and Gwatar Gulf. Cyanophyta could grow more in drainage channel.Percentage of aboundance and diversity of phytoplankton changed in 2002 inrelation to years ago( before shrimp culture, 2000 year and 2001 year) specially in Gwatar Gulf. Mainly percentage of zooplankton were copepoda and thintinida respectively.Diversity zooplankton decreased ratio to years ago. In drainage channel, abundance total of phytoplankton and zooplankton were more than Gwatar Gulf and supply channel.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Sistan and Blouchestan ; Gwatar ; Chabahar ; Environmental effect ; Shrimp culture ; Survey ; Sampling ; Temperature ; Salinity ; Dissolved oxygen ; pH ; Chlorophyll a ; Phytoplankton ; Zooplankton ; Diatoma ; Cyanophyta ; Chlorophyta ; Copepoda
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  • 10
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    Effect of different level of lipids and carbohydrates on growth indices of Benni juvenile (B.sharpeyi) (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25336 | 18721 | 2018-09-13 13:01:44 | 25336 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: A study was undertaken to determine the effects of various dietary carbohydrate to lipid ratios on growth indices, feed performance and body composition of benni (Barbus sharpeyi) juveniles. Nine iso-nitrogenous (25% crude protein) and iso-caloric (3.5 kcal/g digestible energy) semipurified diets with varying carbohydrate to lipid (CHO L) ratios (0.8 to 8.8 g/g) were tested for 8 weeks with three replicates. Each replicate was stocked with 20 fish (initial mean weight 16.47 ± 0.25 g) that were fed to satiation thrice daily. Twenty seven flow-through fiberglass tanks of 300 L capacity with a flow rate of 1.5 L min-1 were used for rearing the fish. Maximum weight gain (WG), weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), feed efficiency ratio (FER), protein efficiency ratio (PER), apparent net protein utilization (ANPU) and fulton,s condition factor (K) were observed in fish fed a 44% carbohydrate and 9% lipid diet, corresponding to a CHO/L ratio of 4.8. Whole body moisture, crude protein and ash content of fish fed varying CHO:L diets did not show any significant differences among treatments (P〉0.05), But whole body lipid content of fish decreased (P〈0.05) as dietary CHO/L ratio increased. The hepatosomatic and viscerosomatic indices (HSI and VSI) decreased (P〈0.05) as dietary CHO:L ratio increased and maximum values were observed in diet with highest amount of lipid. The results of the present study indicated that the optimal dietary CHO/L ratio for a optimal growth and feeding performance of Barbus sharpeyi juvenile, ranged between 3.8 and 4.8.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Barbus sharpeyi ; Carbohydrate ; Lipid ; Growth ; Feeding ; Body composition ; B.sharpeyi ; Dietary ; Juvenile ; Weight gain ; Protein ; Hepatosomatic index ; Viscerosomatic
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  • 11
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    Comparative survey of native species culture (Penaeus semisulcatus and Fenneropenaeus indicus) with non-native species (Litopenaeus vannamei) in Hele site of Bushehr province (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25339 | 18721 | 2018-09-14 06:59:46 | 25339 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: The culture of three species green tiger prown (Penaeus semisulcatus) ,white leg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) and Indian white shrimp (Fenneropenaeus indicus) were grown in 7 ponds (0.4 and 0.25 hectare) for 110 days at a stocking density of 25 shrimp/m2 on Hele Research Station. The average of temperature and salinity was 30 degrees centigrade and 46-48 ppt .At the end of the culture mean weights of L.vannamei 18.68±2.6 was higer than the P.semisucatus 7.77±1.49 and F.indicus 14.66 ±2.1 also results demonstrated that there was a significant relation (P〈0.05) between mean weight. Final yield were 3114, 1983 and 848 Kg for L.vannamei, F.indicus and P.semisucatus.The FCR was better for L.vannamei (1.28) than F.indicus (1.48) and P.semisucatus (2.15).
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; L.vanname ; F.indicus ; P.semisucatus ; Mean Weight ; Culture ; Native species ; Green tiger prown ; Penaeus semisulcatus ; Shrimp ; Indian white shrimp ; Temperature ; Salinity ; FCR
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  • 12
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    Feasibility study on pomferet (Pampus argentus) breeding technique in Imam marine research station (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25342 | 18721 | 2018-09-13 12:35:36 | 25342 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: This study was conducted during April to June 2007 .Pomferet brooders were captured by gill net (5 m Height, 300 m length, 7 cm size) during tidal time with 20-40 minutes interval. Khor Mermis, Khor Patil and Khor Mavi were subjected for broodstock captures. Totally 237 brooders were captured (126 male and 111 female) and were kept in 300 L. tanks. Semi dried method were used for breeding with 0.6 % fertility solution. Hatching were placed during 16-18 hoers. Fish larvae were kept in 4 T. tanks and were fed by fresh rotifer .temperature and salinity was kept 31-28 degree centigrade and 45-47 ppt. respectively .results shows successful breeding of pomferet in 2007 .egg diameter was 1.1 mm and hatching were completed during 16-18 hours at 31-29 degree centigrade. After 31 days length of larvae was 40 mm. while for 7 and 15 days length of larvae was 4.5 and 8.4 mm respectively.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Feasibility ; Pomferet ; Pampus argentus ; Breeding ; Marine ; Gill net ; Height ; Length ; Size ; Broodstock ; Fertility ; Larvae ; Temperature ; Salinity
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  • 13
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    Effect of synthetic and algal astaxanthin on the reproduction efficiency and growth of larval stage in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25349 | 18721 | 2018-09-14 07:19:02 | 25349 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: This research was done in a trout farm in Kohkiloyeh and Boyer- Ahmad province. The main object of this study was comparing of two sources of astaxanthin (synthetic or algae) in feed on reproduction efficiency of rainbow trout and some indices of egg quality. Therefore, it was considered 7 groups consisting 6 treatments of two different astaxanthin sources and a control (without astaxanthin). So, algal astaxanthin (haematococcus pluvialis) in the three levels of 2.67, 3.55 and 8gr/kg food (T1,T2, T3) and synthetic source in three levels of 40, 80 and 120mg/kg food in diet (T4, T5, T6) examined on 140 trout broods (3-4 years) for 4 months, before the spawning season. Reproduction efficiency analyzed through reproduction indices such as egg diameter, fecundity, fertilization, survival, hatching and eyed egg rates. Significant difference between treatments in terms of fecundity, eyed eggs rate and the number of eggs per gram was observed (P 〈0.05). Although in some factors such as diameter, egg weight per body and fertilization rate, no significant differences was observed. By increasing level of astaxanthin in both sources of algal and synthetic, hatching and eyed egg rates increased, but the effect of alga source on these indices was more perfect. Considering the results, the best result related to treatment of 8 gr/kg alga (T3). Observations during this research indicated no disease and mortality and also proper coloration and freshness of fishes. There was significant differences on blood factors (P 〈0.05). The broods were fed with algal astaxanthin had lower blood sugar. concentration of cholesterol was decressed alog with increasing in both the source of astaxanthin, however lower cholesterol relaed to algal astaxanthin. Total serum protein increased in treatments containing algal from 2.67 to 8 g/kg of astaxanthin. Increase in level of astaxanthin from 40 to 80 mg/kg, albumin increased and from 80 to 120 mg/kg, it was decreased. The changes in serum globulin treatments containing synthetic was not regular. Overall the results asserted that the application of astaxanthin improves reproduction performance of rainbow trout. It also concluded that natural astaxanthin (Haematococcus pluvialis) for the reason that contains supplementary nutritious, is extraordinary preferable than synthetic astaxanthin to improve reproductions indices and egg quality of rainbow trout.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Kohkiloyeh and Boyer- Ahmad province ; Rainbow trout ; Astaxanthin ; Haematococcus pluvialis ; Reproduction efficiency ; Larval stage ; Broods health ; Synthetic ; Algal astaxanthin ; Growth ; Oncorhynchus mykiss ; Eggs ; Spawning ; Fecundity ; Fertilization
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  • 14
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    Rearing of Indian craps fries to 1g weight in earthen ponds (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25351 | 18721 | 2018-09-13 12:58:15 | 25351 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: 30000 juvenile Indian majour carps (Labeo Rohita,Cirhinus merigala, Catla catla) imported (2007 and 2008) and transferred to the earthen ponds in Astaneh Fisheries Research Station (Gilan) and Sheiban Resaerch center (Khozestan), In order to assess the viability of rearing fry up to 1 gram fingerlings under the climatic condition of north and south part of Iran . Growth parameters from the larval stage to 1 g were studied also. The fry with 300 mg weight, were released in to 3ponds.specimens were separated to tree experimental categories. fishes were fed with artificial food and also with the natural products of the ponds which were enriched with organic fertilizers, after being equally stocked in the ponds .During the experiment, oxygen level ,PH, turbidity, and temperature were measured . Monthly fry samples were taken, for weight and length biometrical analysis and also determination of the weight gain percentage, average daily growth rate, specific growth rate. Results have indicated adaptations and considerable growth in this species, with an increase from the initial weight of 300 mg to an average of 13.5±1.6 mg in 50 days period until the end of November for fingerlings.Catla was gain 1 g. during 15 day while Roho and Merigal were gain 1 g. during 14 and 10 days respectively. Results revealed that the Indian majour carps compatibility with the condition in Gilan province was succesfull and the combination of species and optimization of their compatibility specialy in other provinces like Sistan and Baluchestan were remind for futhre studies.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Guilan Province ; Astaneh ; Indian carp ; Growth ; Labeo Rohita ; Cirhinus merigala ; Catla catla ; Juvenile ; Earthen ponds ; Fisheries ; Fry ; Fingerlings ; Artificial food ; Oxygen level ; Turbidity ; Fertilizers
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  • 15
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    Feasibility study on semiintensive polyculture of chainess and Indian carps in I.R.IRAN (Guilan province) (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25352 | 18721 | 2018-09-14 06:57:48 | 25352 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: 15000 juvenile Indian majour carps (Labeo Rohita,Cirhinus merigala, Catla catla) imported (200 ) and transferred to the earthen ponds in Astaneh Fisheries Research Station , In order to assess the viability of rearing under the climatic condition of north part of Iran and also achieve some growth parameters from the larval stage to market size.The fry with 300 mg weight, were released in to 12 ponds. Specimens were separated to tree experimental categories: 1= (30%indian carp and 70% chinees carp) , 2= (50%indian carp and 50% chinees carp) , 3= (70%indian carp and 30% chinees carp) .single chinees carp production were used as control . fishes were fed with artificial food and also with the natural products of the ponds which were enriched with organic fertilizers, after being equally stocked in the ponds .During the experiment, oxygen level ,PH, turbidity, and temperature were measured. Monthly fry samples were taken, for weight and length biometrical analysis and also determination of the weight gain percentage, average daily growth rate, specific growth rate. Results have indicated adaptations and considerable growth in this species, with an increase from the initial weight of 300 mg to an average of 13.5±1.6 mg in 50 days period until the end of November for fingerlings. Also the average weight of growing phase (second year of production ) was 647g for Labeo Rohita ,420 g. for Cirhinus merigala and 734g for Catla catla. The special growth rate (SGR)in Roho was 4.51 %.and 3.9 % for merigal and6.2 % for Catla while for Chinees carps SGR was 4.9, 6.7, 7.6 and 5.8 for silver carp,grass carp, common carp and big head respectively. Results revealed that the Indian majour carps compatibility with the condition in Gilan province was succesfull and the combination of species and optimization of their compatibility were remind for futhre studies.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Guilan Province ; Astaneh ; Indian carp ; Growth ; Labeo Rohita ; Cirhinus merigala ; Catla catla ; Polyculture ; Juvenile ; Earthen ponds ; Fisheries ; Rearing ; Larval stage ; Fry ; Specimens ; Artificial food ; Fertilizers ; pH ; Turbidity ; Temperature
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  • 16
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    Possibility study on using an Iranian cottonseed meal variety instead of soybean meal in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) diet (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25365 | 18721 | 2018-09-14 07:19:43 | 25365 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: This study was set up to investigate the nutritional value and the optimum inclusion level of one Iranian cottonseed meal i.e. var. Pak, (CSMP) as a substitute for soybean meal (SBM) in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) feed. Apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC) for these varieties were calculated in experiment 1 by using an indigestible marker (chromic oxide). Six formulated feeds consisting different substitution levels (0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100%) of SBM with CSMP, CSMS, and CSMA, respectively, were fed to a total of 540 rainbow trout with initial mean body weight of 50 ± 5 g. Fish were randomly stocked into eighteen 100 L. fiberglass tanks with 30 fish per tank and 3 tanks per diet and fed to satiation 3 times a day for 8 weeks. At the end of each separate experiment, 3 fish from each replicate for each dietary treatment were sacrificed to measure the whole fish body proximate compositions and liver gossypol content. After an 8 week feeding trail, the average weight gain, FCR, SGR, PER, DWG, PWG and CF of fish fed with different diets were measured separately. For all treatments, the survival percentage was more than 98%. Results showed that 100% and 80% CSMP showed in better growth in each experiment and 100% CSMP wasthe best in weight gain (104.3 g), FCR (1.5) and SGR (1.25%).
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Cotton seed meal ; Gossypol ; Nutrition ; Rainbow trout ; Soybean meal ; Oncorhynchus mykiss ; Diet ; Survival ; Growth ; Weight gain
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  • 17
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    Feeding investigations of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) fingerlings with emphasis on dominant phytoplanktons (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25368 | 18721 | 2018-09-14 07:27:22 | 25368 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: In order to study phytopague fingerlings feeding in fish ponds, simultaneously to the beginning of warm season and cultivation, fingerlings of 3-5 gr from 4 ponds in Mazandaran province were captured, fixed with formalin, then transferred to the plankton determination laboratory of Caspian sea ecologic institute. Based on carried out studies on the first and the end party of their intestine and the pond water, phytophague fingerlings feeds on phytoplankton, zooplankton and detritus. But the essential nutrition was on phytoplankton and detritus. Planktonic groups were formed of Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta, Chrysophyta and Euglenophyta. But in addition to these four groups Pyrophyta was present in fish pond water. Relative abundance of these nutrient organisms in water and intestine was different. Also in most cases a direct relation was observed between the intensity of water organisms and intestine ingredients. Based on this study, essential differences of digestion were observed following to the source of nutrition and the most difference were considered in digestion of Chrysophytes, Cyanophyta and Chlorophyta. Base on the results of this study we propose to make more studies on fertilization and the proportion of different fertilizers in fish ponds in order to obtain easily digestible phytoplankton thus increase in fish exploitation.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Caspian sea ; Mazandaran province ; Silver carp fry ; Nutrition ; Phytoplanktons ; Zooplanktons ; Chrysophyta ; Cyanophyta ; Clorophyta ; Pyrophyta ; Euglenophyta ; Feeding ; Hypophthalmichthys molitrix ; Fingerlings ; Fertilization
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  • 18
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    Molecular identification of some causative agents of streptococcosis isolated in farmed rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, walbaum) in Iran (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25370 | 18721 | 2018-09-14 07:33:28 | 25370 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Streptococcosis is an acute infectious disease that causes mortality in marine and freshwater aquacultures. One of the most important hosts is susceptible to the disease of rainbow trout and during the past decade its industrial production has been growing in Iran. According to FAO, Iran is among the 10 countries producing fish in the world. The most important bacteria causing Strptococcosis includes Strptococcus, Vagococcus and Enterococcus genera. But in all cases, the clinical sings are the same. More than a decade has passed since the first report of this disease in Iran and unfortunately, this disease has become the most important problems of trout production in Iran. Therefor, 72 farms were selected in 8 provinces including Mazandaran, Gilan, Lorestan, CharmahalBakhtiyari, Fars, Kermanshah, Tehran and Kokiloye-Boyer Ahmad and a total 520 moribund and apparently healthy rainbow trout (weight 50 – 200gr) were collected during summer 2008 to 2009. Fish kidney, spleen and liver samples were culture aseptically and finally 206 isolates were identified as gram positive cocci. Using conventional biochemical test, S.uberis, S.agalactiae, S.dysgalactiae, S.faecium and S.inia. Additionally, 172 from 206 isolates were confirmed as S.uberis، S.agalactiae، S.dysgalactiae، S.faecium and S.inia using a PCR assay ased on the results, the most prevalent is belong to S.uberis (isolated from 5 of 7 province), S.dysgalactiae (isolated from 4 of 7 province), S.agalactiae (isolated from 2 of 7 province) and S.faecium and S.inia (from 1 of 7 province) respectively. It is necessary to mention, S.inia was identified just to Fars and any gram positive cocci was isolated from Tehran.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Health ; Iran ; Lorestan Province ; Gilan province ; Mazandaran Province ; Charmahal Bakhtiyari province ; Fars Province ; Kermanshah province ; Tehran province ; Kokiloye-Boyer Ahmad province
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  • 19
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    Assessment of different methods of water treatment on decreasing pathogenic bacteria in shrimp hatcheries (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25373 | 18721 | 2018-09-14 07:27:49 | 25373 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: The project of "Assessment of different methods of water treatment on decreasing pathogenic bacteria in shrimp hatcheries" achieved by mean of reviewing the effectiveness of various methods on the water treatment to reduce bacterial load of sea water. The project performed in Bandargah region of Bushehr province in order to checking the effect of different methods on the sea water and bacterial population. This project has been done over a year. In this study a total of 138 samples was collected during seven times and was evaluated as well as 7 treatments. In this study, the comparison of the effect of each factors (sand filter, chlorine, ultra violet ray, chlorine combined with ultra violet ray) was analyzed on the sea water by means of disinfection. During this study, other environmental factors such as water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH and salinity was measured till we can ensure that they don’t have any negative impact on the treatments. Results showed that the density of total bacteria in sea water (Control) was averagely 5187 CFU/ml, this was done while the total density of bacteria in the sea water, reservation pool sample, sand filter water, water that irradiated with ultraviolet rays, chlorinated water and the water that was influenced by both chlorine and ultra violet ray was respectively 5187 2137, 4449 2042, 2782 1335, 1164 692, 143 104, 87 76 CFU/ml. Therefore, reservation pool, sand filter, ultra violet ray, chlorine, chlorine-ultra violet ray each of them was reduce respectively 14, 46, 77, 97, 98 percent of the density of total bacteria or in other words they reduced 0.06, 0.27, 0.65, 1.56, 1.77 log of the total population of bacteria in water. Moreover, the results from the total count of vibrios showed that reservation pool, sand filter, ultra violet ray, chlorine, chlorine-ultra violet ray each of them was reduce respectively 17, 47, 74, 98, 99 percent of the density of total vibrios or in other words they reduced respectively 0.08, 0.27, 0.59, 1.66, and 1.95 log of the total population of vibrios in sea water. Also the bacteria that isolated from each treatment were identified with the use of biochemical methods that totally were includes a wide range of bacteria, the identified vibrios were: Vibrio alginolyticus, V. costicola, V. fischeri, V. fluvialis I, V. fluvialis II, V. harveyi, V. natriegens, V. nigripulchritudo, V. parahaemolyticus, V. plagius I, V. vulnificus, V. anguilarum I, V. campbellii, V. nereis, V. proteolyticus, V. splendidus, and Unknown V. spp. Other identified bacteria belonging to the following genus: Acinetobacter, Aeromonas, Alcaligenes, Bacillus, Borkholderia, Eschricia, Enteroacter, Flavobacterium, Micococcus, Proteus, Pseudomonas, Serratia, Staphaphylococcus, Streptococcus, and Unknown Bacteria spp. By comparing the results, we concluded that the best result was related to treatment that the sea water had been disinfected after the combined effects of chlorine and ultraviolet ray. It was determined that this process in compared with other treatments, had been reduced the total number of bacteria, the total number of Vibrios, the number of sucrose fermentative vibrios, and the number of non-sucrose fermentative vibrios respectively 98, 99, 98, 99 percent. In other words, the number of bacteria was reduced respectively 1.77, 1.94, 1.82, 2.23 log. So in this study, the applied method was introduced as the most effective way of disinfecting sea water. Meanwhile, none of pathogenic bacteria for shrimp including Vibrio harveyi was isolated by using this treatment. Comparing the results showed that the combined effects of chlorine and ultraviolet radiation is the most effective applied method for disinfecting sea water.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Bushehr province ; Bandargah region ; Shrimp ; Water treatment ; Sea Dissolved oxygenwater ; Bacteria ; Hatchery ; Assessment ; Population ; Temperature
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  • 20
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    The study of increasing production of warm water fish per unit area in West Azarbaijan Province with using aeration and nutrition management (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25366 | 18721 | 2018-09-14 07:18:17 | 25366 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: This project in partnership with Azerbaijan State Fisheries Department and the aim of increasing fish production hydrothermal (Carp fish) at unit area through providing scientific and practical method in applying air device and nutrition management, a field area of 8.5 hectares and in ponds with 3300 m^2 at village Eylarzgy carried at Urmia city. After preparation of ponds, action to release fry density was 6000 ha piece. Percent including 55 percent of silver carp (as most fish), Common carp 31 percent, 8 percent Grass carp and 6 percent of Big head with average weights 67 to 92 grams respectively. For fertilizing ponds in addition to basic fertilizer, during development, organic fertilizers (cow) amount to 24 ton/ hectar (Aslary) once every two days and types of mineral fertilizers (chemical) rate of 1012.5 kg per in three days once were used. In addition to feeding carp fish with natural food, concentrates and food for feeing Grass carp fresh forage (alfalfa) was used. Oxygen supply required for ponds were provided with one to two air units (Air jet). Sampling and biometry of fish and water samples for water analysis and identification of plant zooplankton (of the family and genus) once every month until the end of the growing period was performed. Resulting data were analyzed with Excel statistical software. Results showed that the production rate in the studied ponds was 4.74 tons per hectare and production of 3.15 tons per hectare in year ago, the farm has 50.5 percent increase compared to year ago average production rate in the whole province (3.21 tons per hectare) of 47.7 percent and the average production rate in the country in 1385 (about 3.8 tons per hectare) 24.7 percent increase shows.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; West Azarbaijan province ; Increased production ; Ponds ; Feeding ; Air ; Warm water fish ; Nutrition ; Hydrothermal ; Carp fish ; Silver Carp ; Common carp ; Grass carp ; Big Head ; Fertilizers ; Sampling ; Zooplankton
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  • 21
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    The study on Zataria multiflora essence application in control of fungal contamination of some cultured species of aquatic animals (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25364 | 18721 | 2018-09-14 07:14:44 | 25364 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: In order to do this study, 150 Persian sturgeon having 75g mean weight transferred to tanks with 500L volume. After dividing the fishes into two groups (experimental and control group), the fingerlings fed by concentrate food that contained different levels of Zataria multiflora essential oil (15g/kg, 25g/kg, 50g/kg, 100g/kg) for 8 weeks. Finally, sampling carried out on blood and serum of fishes. After preparing the samples based on standard methods, haematology and serology studies, performed. The results showed significant difference in mean and standard deviation of monocytes between experimental and control groups (P〈0.05). In treatment 25g/kg, monocyte count was more than other treatments. But there are no significant differences in mean and standard deviation of other white blood cells. The results of serologic studies showed no significant differences in serum indices (C3, C4 and total protein) (P〈0.05), but there is significant difference in mean and standard deviation of albumin. So that , the mean and standard deviation in treatments 15g/kg and 25g/kg and control group were more than treatments 50g/kg and 100g/kg of Zataria multiflora essential oil. Also , this is the first record of the anesthetic effect of Zataria multiflora essence on fish. In this research the effect of 50 and 100 ppm concentrations of Zataria multiflora essence on the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fry with average weight of 15±2 grams and Salmo trutta caspius with average weight of 40±4 grams has been studied. In this research the water temperature was 16-17 ºC, dissolved oxygen 7±0.2 and pH═8. The average time of coming to unconscious in 50 ppm and 100 ppm concentration in both Oncorhyncus mykiss and Salmo trutta caspius was 3 and 2 minutes respectively; and the means of balance and return of anesthesia were 2 and 3 minutes respectively, and the average time of inducing balance and recovering consciousness was 2 and 3 minutes respectively. Moreover, in contrast there is a significant difference between the time of inducing unconsciousness and recovery in all kinds of fish (p 〈 0.0001). The fish anesthetized with 100 ppm concentration after transference to water without Zataria multiflora essence were calm for 30 minutes and showed no reaction to weak stimuli (such as touching). In regard of the time of falling into unconsciousness and the time of recovery by different degrees of concentration of Zataria multiflora essence there is no significant difference between Oncorhyncus mykiss and Salmo trutta caspius (p 〉 0.05). This research also shows that Zataria multiflora essence has an anesthetic effect but because of its unwanted severe irreparable breathing (respiration) side effects and also the deformation of the fish which is against the fisheries’ ethics (death accompanied with extreme pain) it would be better not to be used as anesthetics. One of the advantages of Zataria multiflora essence as anesthetics is its low concentration (25 ppm) for anesthetizing the fish and also its economical cost. In addition, this essence has antimicrobial and disinfecting effects and, therefore, it can remove the infection from the external surface of the body of the fish. One of the most noticeable defects of Zataria multiflora essence is that at the time of anesthetizing it causes a state of excitement and irritability in the fish which manifests itself in the speed of swimming and the possibility of jumping out of water. As a result, although Zataria multiflora essence has anesthetizing effects, it is recommended not to be used for anaesthetizing the fish, because it posses unwanted side effects that may even cause the death of the fish; however, it may be used as a sedative during manipulating the fish.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Health ; Iran ; Zataria multiflora ; Essential oils ; Persian Sturgeon ; Trout ; Zataria multiflora
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  • 22
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    Shrimp culture, Litopenaeus vannamei in the closed recirculation system (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25400 | 18721 | 2018-09-20 12:09:36 | 25400 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: The project carried out at Shrimp Research station of Bandargah in 2011 to determine the production parameters such as; Average body weight, production, survival and feed conversion ratio in closed- recirculating aquaculture system for shrimp culture. This project was performed in 4 m3 fiberglass tanks. 3 tanks was chosen for the control and 3 were assigned to treatments. Considered Species in this treatment was white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) that with a density of 60 pieces per square meter, and was reared for 90 days. Culture in control as usual and change water regularly, but the treatments did not change water during the period of culture. Water in the treatment tanks was going to turn the filter system and waste was removed by mechanical and coal filter embedded in the route, and after filtering was transferred to the wastewater tank. Wastewater was aerated in this tank and after 24 hours was pumped out and return to treatments tanks. In the final of project, mean weight, survival rate and production for control and treatment, was respectively, 18.27 ± 2.84 and 20.70 ± 1.47 g, 73.83 ± 4.14 and 77.17± 13.66 percent, and 0.81 ± 0.14 and 0.97 ± 0.23 kg/m^2. Statistical analysis results show that there are no significant differences found between treatments and control (P〉 0.05), although in all the above criteria, the relative improvement was achieved to compared of control. But the results of feed conversion ratio was 1.27 ± 0.16 for treatments that are significantly different (P 〈0.05) with controls (1.56 ± 0.23). This result showed that efficiency of the food was better in closed- recirculating shrimp culture system.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Bandargah ; Shrimp ; Culture ; Litopenaeus vannamei ; Weight ; Survival rate ; Species ; Feeding
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  • 23
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    Study on nutrition requirements and effect of different diets on gonadic and somatic growth of beluga (Huso huso) in new condition such as inland brackish water (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25146 | 18721 | 2018-08-26 17:06:15 | 25146 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Taking into consideration culture of beluga (Huso huso) in new condition such as inland brackish water, it is very important to study nutrition requirements and effect of different diets on gonadic and somatic growth as well as physiological condition. In this research 74 beluga (4 years old) cultured in brackish water earth ponds in Bafgh fisheries research station, were selected and distributed in 8 circular cement ponds. Feeding was done in 4 formulated diets with fixed protein level and 4 energy levels (400,425,450,475 kcal/100gr). Samples were biopsied in the first and the end of experiment to determine sexuality and stage of maturation. To study gonad tissues, the hematoxylin-eosin method was used. Results indicated that somatic and gonadic growth index was affected by diets. Growth somatic overlapped in both sexes. Sexual maturation stages were not the same in both males and females and transition from stage II in males was more rapid than females. Considering the results in this study, diet treatments influenced on somatic growth in both sexes and gonadic growth in females. It seems to state of somatic and especially gonadic growth in brackish water is suitable. Therefore, inland brackish water environment can be introduced as a suitable environment cultivation of beluga.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Beluga ; Huso Huso ; Brackish Water ; Protein And Energy Requirements ; Gonadic Growth ; Somatic Growth ; Nutrition ; Feeding ; Sample ; Sexuality ; Tissue
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  • 24
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    Study on specific growth and food behaviour of Barbus grypus in system of monoculture and polyculture (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25149 | 18721 | 2018-08-26 17:33:58 | 25149 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: During this project Barbus grypus was cultured in monoculture and polyculture methods With Cyprinus carpio, Ctenopharyndon idellus, Hypophthlmichth molitrix and Arystichthys Nobilis fishes. The result indicates that Barbus grypus in polycuture method has special growth rate, higher weight and length, some amount of different nutrition item were used. In integrated culture system due to physicochemical condition growth was suitable.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Barbus grypus ; Monoculture ; Polyculture ; Cyprinus carpio ; Ctenopharyndon idellus ; Hypophthlmichth molitrix ; Arystichthys Nobilis ; Growth rate ; Weight ; Length ; Nutrition
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  • 25
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    Production yield of the white-leg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931) culture in brackish water of Yazd Province (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25152 | 18721 | 2018-08-26 17:01:53 | 25152 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: This survey is one of the researches of Investigation on feasibility of introduction of Litopenaeus vannamei in shrimp culture industry of Iran project. The aim of this survey was study about probability of adaptation of the white-leg shrimp, L. vannamei with brackish groundwater for culture at central Iran. 120/000 postlarvae (PL7&15) were stocked in four 0.15ha earthponds (17 & 23 N/m^2), in July 2005. Culture continued for about four months. Physicochemical and biological factors were studied. Shrimps were fed with L. vannamei commercial food. Results showed low survival (19.2%) and growth (2-2.5gr mean body weight while capture). Limnological factors may be the most important agent for unfavorable culture efficiency at based on the results of measurements. Concentration of K^+ (40mg/l), Ca^+2 (370- 472mg/l), Mg^+2 (340-407mg/l), Na^+ (3450mg/l), and their proportions; Fe^+2&+3 (0.18-1.17mg/l), Zn^+2 (0.072mg/l), nitrogenous compounds especially NH_3 (3.22mg/l), water hardness (2350-2870mg/l), different heavy metals; season of stocking and daily thermal periods (2.5-12°C with 8°C mode) are probably the most essential factors effecting production yield of L. vannamei, mainly because of underground origin of the water. Also, the structure of ponds and drainages, presence of invasive water plants and insects may affect survival and growth, as well.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Bafgh ; Litopenaeus vannamei ; culture ; Brackish water
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    Monitoring of Cochlodinium sp for shrimp farms in Hormozgan Province (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25423 | 18721 | 2018-09-23 16:29:10 | 25423 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: The Blooming due to the some species of phytoplanktons especially Dynoflagellates has made some problems for water ecosystems and aquaculture. In this study, the density of phytoplanktons specially Cochlodinium sp. and also environmental factors such as temperature, pH, dissolved Oxygen, and transparency were recorded two weekly in 18 stations of Hormozgan province, Iran in order to monitoring of the possibility of phytoplankton blooming. During six months monitoring, the target phytoplankton, Cochlodinium sp was not observed in shrimp farms. But, other phytoplanktons and zooplanktons were observed as follow: 13 genus of phytoplankton and six genuses of zooplanktons has found in ponds, main water channel and sea. The diatoms with 10 genuses had the highest abundance and Dynoflagellates with 3 genuses had the lowest abundance and blue-green phytoplankton with one genus was in lowest group. Totally, diatoms with 77%, Dynoflagellate with 15% and blue-green alga with 8% abundance were the main populations of planktons in the studied area.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Hormozgan Province ; Tiab ; Algae Cochlodinium sp ; Shrimp farms ; Species ; Phytoplanktons ; Dynoflagellates ; Aquaculture ; Temperature ; pH ; Dissolved oxygen ; Transparency ; Zooplanktons ; Blue-green algae
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    Stock enhancement and estimation of growth rate of green tiger prawn (Penaeus semisulcatus) and banana shrimp (Fenneropenaeus merguiensis) released in the Persian Gulf (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25430 | 18721 | 2018-09-23 17:53:58 | 25430 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Present study was conducted in the Persian Gulf (Iranian waters) from 2009 to 2012. The main objective of the research was economical evalution of the stock enhancement of banana prawn (Fenneropenaeus merguiensis) and green tiger shrimp (Penaeus semisulcatus) in the studied area. Also tagging effects on the growth and mortality of tagged shrimp were studied. In banana prawn, broodstock shrimps were hatched in June. In July 2010 and 2011some of the juvenile of this species were marked by red fluorescent liquid injection and released were made at night in the estuaries of Tiab, Kolahi and Koolgan in the Hormozgan province. 84000 juveniles of banana prawn in 2010 and about 50000 in 2011 were released in this area. In Bushehr province waters, adults shrimp were reared and when juveniles reached to optimum size, some of them were tagged by red and blue coloures and were released in the coastal waters of Bandargah and Delvar. Tagging and releasing program of green tiger prawn was performed in 2010 and 2012. A total number of 8000 prawn in 2010 and about 30000 juveniles prawn in 2010 were released. Activities for recaptured shrimps were informed by posters describing the tagging program that were distributed to local peoples, as well as local magazines, and a tagging program awareness film was broadcast on national television three times prior to the shrimp fishing season and during catch season. To encourage people to report recaptures a reward of two handered thousent riales was paid for the return of each marked shrimp accompanied by information. Economical evaluation of banana prawn was performed based on releasing and recaptured program in 2011. As it mentioned in this year 50000 of juvenile shrimp were tagged and released. At the same time 4700000 of unmarked shrimp were released in this area. In the shrimp season 11 (./022%) of tagged shrimp were recaptured. Movements of tagged shrimp were northwesterly to released area. Weight average of tagged prawns was 1.2 gram. Mean weight of the recaptured prawns was 22.06±4.9 gram. Body weight Growth of the recaptured prawns was between 16-26 grams with the growth speed of 0.88-1.41 per week. The number of recaptured prawn to the released prawn was 0.022 percent. Based on the released prawns (4700000) to the recaptured percent (./022%), about 103400 of released shrimp with mean weight of 2.5 tones were observed in the Hormozgan shrimp catch. The average price of shrimp in the studied year in the local market was 85000 Rials per kilogram. These results showed that the ratio of profit is 210 milion riales. In the taggiing program of green tiger prawn in the Bushehr waters only one recaptured shrimp was observed in the catch season (2012). Total weigth and total length of this prawn was 99 gram and 22 centimeter respectively .given the small percentage of the recaptured, economical analyses was not performed on this species. The effects of tagging on the growth and mortality of green tiger prawn were studied. The present study was carried out in the shrimp research station in Bandargah and Abzistan shrimp Hatchery Company in Delvar during 2010 and 2012. The accuracy of the study was more rialable in 2012. In this year growth and mortality of juveniles that was marked by red and blue coloures, were studied in both area Bandargah and Delvar. In Bandargah, three tanks of 300 l each with 30 specimens were used for untagged shrimp as a control group, and tagged with injected liquid fluorescent during 98 days. Length and weigh of 10 specimens were measured evenly in different times. ANOVA results (α = 0.1 and α = 0.5) showed no significant differences between length growth of tagged shrimp and control group. The mortality of two groups was evaluated by numbering of remained shrimps and the average of survival was 52 percent in the tagged and 44.5 percent in tagged shrimps. In the Delvar station, Abzistan Company, the specimens were kept in the 9 tanks each 300 l that included of 30 untagged shrimps, 30 blue tagged shrimps and 30 red florescent tagged shrimp. The growth and mortality of this station were evaluated during 110 days. The growth rate of the specimens were measured and recorded evenly. The results of ANOVA (α = 0.1 and α = 0.5) showed no difference significantly in the weight growth of tagged and control groups. The mortality rates among the control group, red tagged and blue tagged were 63 percent, 59 percent and 40 percent. The mortality of the groups was differences in the two stations and it seems the management and environmental conditions were more affected on the mortalities. The results of the study show that the ratio of profit to the coast is 0.46 that is covering half of the coasts, so that the expenditures are two times more than profit. This result is the minimum of economical value of stock enhancement of shrimp. The results of study showed that the injected tags into the body tissue of shrimp has no affected on the growth rate and mortality.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Persian Gulf ; Iranian waters ; Stock enhancement ; Banana prawn ; Fenneropenaeus merguiensis ; Green tiger prawn ; Penaeus semisulcatus ; Mortality ; Growth rate
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    Biotechnique identification of breeding & cultivation of rabbitfish (Siganus sutor) until 2.5 cm stage in Hormozgan province (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25450 | 18721 | 2018-09-25 11:05:50 | 25450 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: This project was conducted to determine The Bio technique of Reproduction and larvae Rearing of Rabbitfish (siganus sutor) till fingerling stage (2.5 centimeter TL) in Hormozgan province (North of Persian Gulf) during years 2010-2013 . preadults and adults were captured from coastal area of Bandar-e Lengeh and Lavan Island .The effects of synthetic hormones, LHRHa2 and HCG in variety days of reproduction season were surveyed. Fecundity, eggs diameter, fertility, Hatching, and survival rate were computed. Effects of salinity, light severity and tank size (30 L aquarium 300L poly ethylene tank and 2400 L fiber glass tank) on survival rate were surveyed, although Breeding of fish e\were successful in years 2011 and 2012 but larvae were only reared in year 2012. Results revealed that, if hormone injection efforts fulfill during April 1st to may 15th, Siganus sutor will surely spawn. Results revealed that average diameter of fertilized eggs was about 625.05 ±6.15 µ and there were 5570± 105 eggs in each gram According the results the rate of hatching and larvae survival was higher in 300L poly ethylene tank and 2400 L fiber glass tank than 30 L aquarium. The most mortality was observed during days 3-7 after hatch. There was not any difference between survival rate of larvae in various salinity. The best light situation for larvae was 2000 lux. under strong light , mortality of larvae increased. Growth of larvae was very slow in first 15 days after hatch but after that increased quickly .length of larvae in the first day was about 2.97±0.07 mm. on the day 45 , larvae gained the length of 3.56±0.4 cm. According to the results, although, breeding, seed production, larvae rearing and broodstock suppling of siganus sutor is possible but more Research to diversify the live food wich is used to feed larvae and also to increase survival rate of larvae must be perform .
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Persian Gulf ; Hormozgan province ; Breeding of fish ; LHRHa2 Hormone ; Siganus sutor ; HCG Hormone ; Breeding of Rabbitfish ; Biotechnique ; Cultivation ; Rabbitfish ; Larvae ; Fingerlings ; Fertility ; Survival rate
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    The study of aquaculture potential of Bojnord and Jajarm cities (Northern Khorasan province) (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25441 | 18721 | 2018-09-23 17:01:02 | 25441 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: This study investigates the potential of Bojnord and Jarjam cities (Northern Khorasan province) for developments of Aquaculture. First of all, the current condition of Aquacture and fish farms were montiroed and recorde. Then, the information on geology, weather and climate as well as water resources data were gathered and evaluated. Climatology, geology and distribution of water reseources (i.e. reviers, springs, wells, and aqueducts) were prepared using GIS software. Evaluation of selected water resources in study area revealed suitability for culture of cold water fishes. Potentialities of the water resources for aquacture production were determined according to the latest guidline of Shilat organization. The maps of production potentialities were prepared for each water resources.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Northern Khorasan ; Bojnord ; Jajarm ; Aquaculture ; Potential ; GIS
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    Study on viral nervouse necrosis (isolation, characterisation and pathogenesis) in golden grey mullet in the Caspian Sea and study of pathogenecity and possibility of transmission to the other fish species (Sturgeon fishes, Rutilus frisii kutum and reared Rainbow trout and Carp) (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25435 | 18721 | 2018-09-23 16:47:09 | 25435 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Study on Viral Nervouse necrosis (isolation, characterisation and pathogenesis) in Golden grey mullet in the Caspian Sea and study of pathogenecity and possibility of transmission to the other fish species (Sturgeon fishes, Rutilus frisii kutum and reared Rainbow trout and Carp) Viral Nervous Necrosis (VNN) is a worldwide disease affecting several species of cultured marine fish. For the past two decades, betanodavirus infections that cause Viral Nervous Necrosis (VNN) have emerged as major constraints on the culture and sea ranching of marine fish in almost all parts of the world. More than forty species mainly of marine origin have been so far affected and this number is likely to rise in future following the introduction of new species and the increase of aquaculture trade. Unknown acute mortality occurred in wild golden grey mullet Lisa auratus and Liza saliens in Iranian waters of Caspian Sea in recent years. In order to isolation and confirmation of causative agents of golden grey mullet mortality in the Caspian Sea, a complementary research investigation project was designed in 2005 and approved immediately in Iranian Fisheries Research Organization (IFRO). Many diagnostic aspects such as Virology (Cell culture and Elctereone Microscopy), Hemathology, Bacteriology, Histopathology, Molecular biology (NestedRT-PCR), Heavy metals measuerment and Serology (IFAT and IHC) were employed in mentioned multidiciplinary project. About 322 moribund fish samples which revealed skin darkening, erratic swimming behavior such as spiral and belly-up at rest and high distention of swimming bladder. Suspected samples were collected from coastal capture sites in iranian north proviences in 2006 till 2009. Targets tissue such as brain and eye were removed in strile condition and then kept in -80oC frezzer for cell culture and Nested-RT-PCR. Other tissue samples from liver, kidney, intestine, stomach, gill, skin and muscle, gall bladder and gonads were taken and fixed in 10% buffer formalin and same parts fixed in glutaraldehyde 3% for histopathology, IHC and EM respectively. Cytopathic effect (CPE) was observed in those cell cultures just six days after inoculation with the dilutions of the tested 312 homogenate supernatants. CPE in monolayers of cells cultured (SSN-1 cell line) was characterised by thin or rounded, refractile, granular cells with vacuoles. Nine samples were positive in virology assay. Nested- RT-PCR was done on suspected tissue samples and supernatant of CPE positive samples and 21 tissue samples and all CPE positive samples were positive. IFAT was selected as a confirmatory method for identifying viral strains replicating on cell cultures and carried out with rabbit anti-betanodavirus serum on suspected tissue samples and some smears of CPE positive samples. Some bright points approved betanodavirus antigen and confirmed cell culture and Nested-RT-PCR findings. In fixed tissue samples widespread and massive vacuolation were observed in brain, spinal cord, retina and optical nerve. In order to confirmation of diagnostic findings , IHC was done with monoclonal antibody antibetanodavirus and some red-brown points were observed. Theses findings revealed expected viral antigens and confirmed previous results. Moreover, virus particles with 25-30 nm in diameter were visualized in infected brain and retina using positive staining in TEM. Also pathogenicity test was employed to confirm the obtained results. So Guppy fish Poecilia reticulata and sturgeon fry were used instead of the experimental host due to ease of handling and susceptibility. After 15 days post infection, guppy bathed in VNN-infected tissue culture with 104 TCID50 showed clinical signs similar to naturally infected Golden grey mullet, and the mortality rate reached up to 100% in 75 dpi. When target organs were examined by cell culture isolation, serology, and histopathology, all revealed the presence of virus in the Guppy. Suspected supernatant injected to sturgeon fry through intravitreous injection and widespread vacuolation were observed in brain and spinal cord buy IHC and Real time PCR were negative. In conclusion, with attntion to obtained results in this investigation such as ecological factors, clinical signs, histopathological, virological and bacteriological results, molecular analysis, (IHC, IFAT, PCR), TEM demonstration, serological and hematological findings, it could be confirmed that VNNV was the main causative agent for disease outbreak in Golden grey mullet in Southern coastline of Caspian Sea.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Health ; Iran ; Caspian Sea ; Viral nervous necrosis ; Golden grey mullet ; Liza aurata ; Liza saliens ; Histopathology ; Virology ; Bacteriology ; IHC ; IFAT ; PCR ; TEM ; Species ; Sturgeon ; Rutilus frisii kutum ; Rainbow trout ; Carp
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    The percentage determination of Rutilus frisii kutum (200, 500 and 1000 mg) resistance to salinity, turbidity and decrease of oxygen by usage of the river water at the releasing meantime (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25442 | 18721 | 2018-09-25 11:07:11 | 25442 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: The survey effect of salinity, turbidity and dissolved oxygen performed on Rutilus frisii Kutum juveniles with aim, which was determined about survival rate and histological changes in gill and kidney tissues. Juveniles provided from the Rajai's fish propagation center and then examined in Caspian Sea Ecology Research Center laboratory. The juveniles were investigated on three weight group (200-〈400, 400-〈600, 600-〈1000 mg) and two dissolved oxygen levels (7.6 ± 0.19, 3.8 ± 0.15 mg/L)in fresh water and Caspian sea water(12.5 ppt). Also, six turbidity levels (50 FTU, 430FTU, 2600 FTU, 7800 FTU, 15600 FTU) were probed in freshwater during 168hr. Each treatment has three replications. The factorial test evaluated for survival rate in treatments. The results shown that there was a significant difference among treatments in the different levels of factors, (p〈0.05, Duncan test). The juveniles' survival rate has decreased than control treatment in brackish water and turbidity in freshwater. It was demonstrated that with increasing fish weight, therefore, the survival rate is increased. The lowest survival rates under salinity stress (〉75%) had shown in 400-〈600mg weight group with dissolve oxygen: 3.8±0.15SE mg/l. In addition, the lowest survival rates under turbidity stress (95.83%) had shown that in weight group less than 400 mg with turbidity 15600 FTU. Therefore, survival of juveniles was high. However, gill tissue of juveniles under turbidity and salinity stress became short (necrosis) and thick (edema and hyperplasia) in the end of experiments. The juveniles gill tissues were not changes in the river clear freshwater. Therefore, the factors of gill tissue deformation were salinity and suspended particles in the water. However, the structures of kidney in the different groups of juveniles were similar. Nevertheless, juveniles glomerular diameter increased with increasing weight (p〈0.05, Duncan test). Furthermore, there was a increasing the internal cavity of the proximal and distal tubules and decreasing of glomeruli in diameter in the transfer of juveniles from freshwater to brackish water. Although the survival rate of juveniles is acceptable in this study, but there was abnormal changes in the structure of them gills. It appears that this change will cause a disruption in trend of juvenile's growth.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Caspian Sea ; Rutilus frisii Kutum ; Juvenile ; Salinity ; Turbidity ; Oxygen ; Survey ; Survival rate ; Gill tissue ; Freshwater ; Brackishwater
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    Effect of Echinacea purpurea and Astragalus glycyphyllos on immune responses of rainbow trout (O. mykiss) and resistance to sterptococcosis (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25451 | 18721 | 2018-09-23 17:53:51 | 25451 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Nowadays, medical plants extract is used in aquaculture industry to enhance growth, immune system and fish resistance to different pathogens. In this study, some non-specific immune responses, hematology and biochemical parameters in rainbow trout juveniles (16 gr mean weight) and their resistance to Streptococcus iniae were evaluated following oral administration of Echinacea purpurea and Astragalus sp. extract. Three concentrations (0.5, 1 and 1.5 gr/kg of feed) of Echinacea purpurea and three concentrations (2, 3 and 5 gr/kg of feed) of Astragalus sp extract and control group were used for 60 days. Parameters evaluated included: levels of C4, C3 (complement components), free oxygen radicals (respiratory burst), Lysozyme, numbers of lymphocytes, monocytes and neutrophils. In the end, the relative survival rate (RSR) of fish was evaluated against S. iniae. The results showed that the levels of C3, lysozyme, oxygen free radicals, the number of neutrophils and lymphocytes in the experiment groups (the highest dose) compared to control group were increased significantly (p 〈0/05). While, the values of C4 and number of monocytes compared to the control group were not significantly different (p〉 0.05). The relative survival rates of fish following challenge with Streptococcus iniae, were 91/11, 93/33 and 44/44 percent in experiments (Echinacea purpurea and Astragalus sp.) and control groups, respectively. In conclusion, it may be state that Echinacea purpurea and Astragalus sp. extracts enhance the non-specific immune system and fish resistance against Streptococcusis, and it seems it can be used as immunostimulant in feed.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Echinacea purpurea ; Astragalus sp ; Rainbow trout ; Streptococcusis ; Immune system ; Astragalus glycyphyllos ; O.mykiss ; Aquaculture ; Growth ; Juvenile ; Lysozyme ; Survival rate
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    Several fish species carp culture with Chinese black carp to increase diversity in warm water fish farms (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25447 | 18721 | 2018-09-25 18:12:04 | 25447 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of black carp introduction in chines carp poly culture as well as its effect on the growth, survival rate and production of chines carp species. This study conducted in two consecutive year. The period of culture in first year was during Jun 1 until Des 5 ,2009 and in second year it was from Jun 4 to Dec, 1,2010 .The experiment were started by selecting 9 earth end pond each with 800 m2 area and was performed in triplicate with 2 treatment and one control , each year .The ponds were treated by liming and fertilizer before filling water and then stocked with 3000 chines carp (140 Silvercarp, 42 Grass carp , 42 Common carp and 25 Bighead carp) while the number of Black carp in treatments 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively, 250, 500, 75 and 125 pieces in Ha, blackcap was added to the control species respectively . The number of fish species harvested at end of culture in treatment 1, 2 and control .The total fish species harvested at the end of first year was 2276 out 1904 species released. The number of fishes catch in treatment 1,2 and control were 637,658and 573 species. the statistical analysis showed that average weight of black carp were 407±150 gr in treatment 1, 234±121 gr in treatment 2 with the minimum and maximum weight of 242 and 780 gr in first treatment as well as 110 and 750 gr in second treatment the production of black carp in first treatment were 42 kilogram per hectare and 60 kilogram in second treatment. The growth rate were higher in second treatment than first one. In second year the investigation repeated in triplicate with treatment3, 4 and one control. The total stocking density in treatment 3,4 and control were 665,633, and 574 pieces. Statistical analysis showed that total weight of black carp in third treatment was2049 ±614gr and in forth treatment was 2361 ±60 gr where the minimum and maximum values were 3115 gr and 1025 gr respectively. The survival rat of black carp in treatment 3 higher than in were treatment 4 while the growth in treatment 4 was higher treatment 3. The total production of black carp in treatment 3 and 4 were 123 and 181 kilogram per hectare respectively. The ANOVA test conducted for grass carp revealed that treatment 4 is significantly difference with treatment 3 and control. While for silver carp the treatment 4 is significantly difference with treatment 1 and control while for Big head carp the treatment 4 was significantly difference with control at 5% level (P〈%5). On second year the black carp reached to acceptable market size which could be compatible with other carp such as common carp and grass carp comparative analysis between different stocking density indicate that the stocking density with 125 pieces showed the highest positive effects.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Fish ; Species ; Carp culture ; Chinese black carp ; Diversity ; Warm water ; Growth ; Survival rate ; Silver Carp ; Grass carp ; Common carp ; Bighead carp ; ANOVA
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    Biotechnics of live feed (Chironomidae) culture for using in feeding of cultured aquatics (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25171 | 18721 | 2018-09-03 17:06:33 | 25171 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Larvae of the chironomid midges (blood worms) are known as use full live food for cultured aquatics. There are endemic blood worms in sediments of the earthponds of Bafgh area at center of Iran. This study tended to identification of two chironomid species, Chironomus aprilinus Meigen, 1830 and Dicrotendipes sudanicus Freeman, 1959 & 1961, from Iran as a new record. Culture of blood worms was successful in glass thanks with 16h. Light, at 24-26°C temperature. Eggs were incubated after 14 days. Suitable concentration of harvesting is 1-2 egg masses (1250eggs/m2). Enrichment of earth ponds or plastic thanks including sedime is offered for culture of chironomid larvae. Collectors prepared with low cost materials are useful for collection of egg masses. May, June and July are the best time for egg collection. Large blood worms are mainly available in winter. Results of body analysis of the larvae indicated high dry matter with good quality.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Bafgh area ; Chironomid ; Identification ; Culture ; Collector ; Brackish water ; Chironomidae ; Aquatic ; Larvae ; Blood worm ; Sediments ; Species ; Chironomus aprilinus ; Chironomus aprilinus ; Feed ; Feeding
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    Investigation of the influence of different level of plant protein (30, 50 and 70 percent) in Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp diet, with 38 percent protein (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25160 | 18721 | 2018-08-26 17:37:21 | 25160 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: The influence of different percent’s of plant protein (30, 50 and 70) in the diet of white leg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) with 38 percent protein, in comparison with a commercial shrimp diet (Fenneropenaeus indicus) with 39 percent protein (contain20 percent plant protein) was studied. Initial weight of shrimp was 10±1 gram. The average increase of shrimp weight in the end of culture period in experimental treatment 1 (contain 30 percent plant protein and 70 percent animal protein), 5.89±0.06 gram, experimental treatment 2 (contain 50 percent plant protein and 50 percent animal protein), 6.22±0.25 gram, experimental treatment 3 (contain 70 percent plant protein and 30 percent animal protein) 6/19±0/24 gram and in the control treatment (contain 20 percent plant protein and 80 percent animal protein) 6/42±0/40 were measured. Generally in the study of influence of experimental diets and control diet on the growth rate(GR), food conversion rate (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), specific growth rate (SGR), average daily gain (ADG), demonstrate that, mentioned parameters in the control treatment is better than experimental treatments. But no significant difference measured between them (p〉0/05). Also results showed that, application of diets contain 50 percent of plant protein (with 22 percent soybean meal), and 70 percent of plant protein (with 72 percent soybean meal), can decrease costs of diet preparation and therefore shrimp production.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Bushehr Province ; Plant protein ; Litopenaeus vannamei ; Diets ; Growth indexes ; Shrimp ; Litopenaeus vannamei ; Fenneropenaeus indicus ; Growth Rate ; Protein ; Investigation ; Influence
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    Feasibility on cage culture of the orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25478 | 18721 | 2018-10-05 06:50:00 | 25478 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: The present study was carried out to evaluate the possibility of rearing the orange-spotted grouper (E. coioides) juvenile to marketable size in buoyant cages in Khuzestan province coast waters. Juvenile fishes for the study prepared from Bandar-e-Imam Marine Fish Station and reared them in 5-ton fiber glass tank for one year period using common pellet feed and trash fish to reach 50 g mean weight. Young fishes were stocked in 6 rectangular cages (3×3×3 m) to assess their growth performance with two test feeds i.e. pellet feed and trash fish (3 cages for each treatment) with the density of 30 fish /m^3 (810 fish/cage) for 143 days rearing period (started on July). Better growth with significant difference (p〈0.05) were observed for fishes fed trash fish (523.71±27.95 g) than those fed pellet feed (317.53±22.10 g). Although lower survival rate was recorded for fishes fed trash fish but difference with the pellet feed was not significant (p〉0.05). Results also showed that the FCR for the trash fish was acceptable, and hence it is recommended to consider the trash fish price and its labour cost befor using it as the main diet in cage culture activity.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Khuzestan province ; Bandar-e-Imam ; Orange-Spotted Grouper ; Cage culture ; Trash Fish ; Pellet feed ; Growth ; Epinephelus coioides ; Rearing ; E. coioides ; Juvenile ; Survival rate ; FCR
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    The effect of Cochlodinium polykrikoides on growth and survival post larve of Litopenaeus vannamei (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25484 | 18721 | 2018-10-02 10:07:26 | 25484 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Reproductive and culture shrimp industry in the southern coastal line of Iran, due to white spot syndrome, external market sluggish, and internal market low production had a severe recession at the last decade. Occurrence of red tide in the waters of Persian Gulf and Oman Sea caused that some of shrimp farmers had fear from stocking of shrimp at 2004. The cause of red tide was an alga, Cochlodinium polykrikoides, caused death of fish and other aquatics. It was feared that the same damage brought on the shrimp pound. Regarding to the risks of C. polykrikoides blooms in Persian Gulf waters and matter of shrimp industry in the country and fear of farmers from hazards of bloom, this project has done. The purpose of this study was to study the effect of different concentrations of C. polykrikoides (20000, 600000, and 2000000 cell/l) on the growth and survival of shrimp larvae during a 35 days culture period in lab tanks. In this regard, the 40-liter tank was used for tests, within each of the 10 pieces of post larvae were reared, Based on the density of the algae was added to the water. In the period of food rations to hand starter blind feed shrimp used to feed post larvae. The results of the study show that children raised shrimp from the beginning to the end of the period, thanks to the growth of algae Cochlodinium were in good condition, In addition, the use of algae as food and feed were manually and algae in addition to causing casualties Cochlodinium no adverse effect on the appearance of a shrimp not post larve.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Litopenaeus vannamei ; Cochlodinium polykrikoides ; Growth rate ; Larve
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    National roadmap for health and safety of fishery products (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25487 | 18721 | 2018-10-02 10:24:03 | 25487 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: The Regulatory Roadmap for Health and safety of fishery products is a strategy to produce a sustainable regulatory future that meets the objectives of protecting the Iranian public from the sale and advertising of unsafe fisheries health products, and supporting the safest consumption of fish and use of health fishery products. fishery The Roadmap provides the vision to transform nearly a dozen current frameworks for fish and health that are of various ages and regulatory approaches into an efficient, transparent, and aligned regulatory products health fisheriessystem that contributes directly to the safety of I ranian’s and the benefits they gain from fish and ll also be cognizant of the previous work accomplished by the Department, which As a strategy, it wi products. -health product or fish over its full life fisheriesrecognized that there is a progression in the knowl edge about a sociated with the benefits and harms of a product cycle. This increase in knowledge reduces the uncer tainty as As a consequence, it is logical to regulate in a and can lead to improved health outcomes for Irania n’s people. cycle.-manner that reflects the full life meaningful than ever, want transparency The Roadmap also acknowledges that Iranians, now mo Key to promoting meaningful transparency (beyond just access to information online) is taking transparency. providing leadership, being honest, taking action to engage s takeholders and the public, showcasing sources, and The ability of the regulator to gain and disseminate packaged) information.-good (not only new or pre information will be complemented by the obligations placed on regulated parties. With this vision and guiding principles, the National roadmap for health and safety of fishery products lays out the way to move from the old frameworks to the new regulatory system. This will require the sequencing of a number of amending initiatives, some staged in the near future and others implemented in the longer term. While aiming for the eventual comprehensive amendment of all regulatory frameworks for food and health products under the Food and Drugs Act, early emphasis will be placed upon amendments that will deliver: The clearest value to Iranian’s and the health care and food safety systems. The greatest efficiency by cutting through unsustainable administrative requirements or approaches and replacing them with ones drawing upon international partnering, best practices and new technological advantages to contribute directly to the safety of food and health products. Building upon these early initiatives, the resetting of the frameworks will be accomplished through a series of more comprehensive amendments over the next years. The benefit to those in the National roadmap for health and safety of fishery products is to have: operational sustainability; international alignment; and the enabling of innovation and excellence in science to improve health outcomes. The National roadmap for health and safety of fishery products is structured into three parts: Where we are: provides an understanding of the existing regulatory frameworks (for fish and fisheries health products, including pharmaceuticals, natural fish health products, biologics, veterinary drugs, industrial devices) that are to be transformed. Where we are going: provides the objectives and an outline of the new regulatory system for implementation. How we will get there: guides discussion on the planning and sequencing of amendments over the next years, both short and long term, to best achieve modernization for the National roadmap for health and safety of fishery products.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Fishery ; Roadmap ; Pharmaceuticals ; Biologic ; Veterinary drugs
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    Analysis of sturgeon fishes reproduction statistics on the northern part of Alborz region (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25493 | 18721 | 2018-10-05 07:06:42 | 25493 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Out put of sturgeon fish hatcheries on the Northern provinces analyzed. Unfortunately, for many reasons such as decreasing of brood fishes ,unsuitable and unprofessional managements, lack of sufficient financial supports, ageing of laboratory and incubation instruments, unemployment of energetic expertise sturgeon propagation and restocking programmes get decreasing trends. Thus managers must planning for activating of sturgeon restocking and propagation subjects.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Alborz region ; Sturgeon hatchery ; Unsuitable management ; Propagation ; Restocking programme ; Sturgeon ; Brood fishes
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    Study on effects of Beta-glucan & extraction of Sargassum & Padina algae in prevention and treatment of WSD in Fenneropenaeus indicus (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25179 | 18721 | 2018-09-03 17:23:17 | 25179 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: In this study two species of algae, Sargassum glaucescens and Padina boergeseni that found plenteously in Persian Gulf and Bushehr coast, were collected and hot water extracts of them were lyophilized. F. indicus (11.32±1.20 g), after two weeks adaptation in Shoghab research station were immersed in seawater (39 ppt and 25±1 ○C) containing hot-water extract of each brown algae, S.glaucescens and P.boergeseni, at 100, 300 and 500 mg/l concentration, Survival rate and immunological parameters (total haemocyte count (THC), total plasma protein (TPP), Phagocytic activity, bacterial clearance efficiency and bactericidal activity) were examined. In addition effect of dietary administration of beta 1, 3 1, 6 glucan on prevention of White Spot Disease and immunological parameters of shrimp were investigated. According to results, immersion in seawater containing 300 and 500 mg/l concentration of algal hot-water extract after 2 and 3 hours or oral administration of beta 1,3 1,6 glucan at level of 10 g/kg diet for 14 days significantly enhanced THC, TPP, Phagocytic activity, bacterial clearance efficiency and bactericidal activity. Immersion in seawater containing 100, 300 and 500 mg/l hot-water extract of S.glaucescens after 3 hours, improved the survival rate of WSSV-infected F. indicus.
    Keywords: Biology ; Chemistry ; Iran ; Persian Gulf ; Bushehr Province ; Beta-glucan ; Sargassum ; Padina algae ; WSD ; Fenneropenaeus indicus ; Species ; Algae ; Brown Algae ; S.glaucescens ; P.boergeseni ; Survival rate ; White Spot Disease ; Shrimp
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    Preliminary cultivation of silver bream (Sparidentexhasta) in earthen pond using available artificial fish feed in Chowibdeh site-Abadan southern Iran (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25183 | 18721 | 2018-09-03 17:12:18 | 25183 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Possibility of rearing silver bream (Sparidentex hasta) in the earthen pond was experimented using 2 types of available artificial trout feed (FFT and GFT1). The experiment was carried out in 2 phases in Shahid-Kiani Extension Shrimp Farm in Chowibdeh Shrimp Site-Abadan Southern Iran, and earthen ponds with 0.25 ha. Area were used for both phases of the study. Juvenile fish of 3.2 g initial weight with the density of 9324 ind./ha. Were stocked for 196 days in the first phase. The initial weight, stocking density and rearing period of the fish in the second phase were 108.60 g, 9800 ind./ha. And 237 days respectively. Maximum amount of WG, FCR, PER and SVR of the fish in the first phase of the study were 100.12 g, more than 6, 0.38 and 55.32% respectively. WG and SR of the fish in the second phase respectively were 417 g and 20.74%. The Salinity of pond water was in the range between 9 and 22 ppt, and the water temperature was between 8.3 ֯C (mid December morning) and 34.8 ֯C (early Sep.....
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Abadan ; Chowibdeh ; Cultuation ; Silver Bream ; Sparidentexhasta ; Earthen Pond ; Artificial feed ; Rearing ; Shrimp ; Juvenile ; Weight ; Density ; Temperature
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    Monitoring of Mohammadiye channel water in order to aquaculture purposes (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25510 | 18721 | 2018-10-05 07:44:21 | 25510 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: In this survey the Physical and Chemical factors, heavy metals, agricultural pesticides and microbial contaminations were studied in mohammadiye channel extending Eslamshahr, Robat karim and Shahriar cities of Tehran Province during the 2011.Specimens were obtained from 5 different stations .The measured factors were temperature, DO, Cl, HCO_3, COD, BOD, CO_2, Mg,... The analysis of Physical and Chemical factors of Mohammadiye channel water showed that except water temperature, all factors in comparison to the standards were at the standard level, So they are suitable for aquaculture. The result of measurements of heavy metals including lead, copper, Iron, Cadmium, Zinc and mercury in spring, summer and fall in comparison to existing standards showed that unfortunately except copper the amount of other heavy metals are higher than standard levels in the most of stations , Lead amounts at stations 2,3,4 and 5 . zinc at stations 1 and 5 , Iron at stations 1,3 and 5 , cadmium and mercury in all stations were higher than the standards for fish culture. The measured amounts of organophosphate and organochlorine pesticides and result of microbial contaminations culture were less than standard levels. Due to mean of water temperature that is high from middle of Spring to the end of summer, It is suitable for culture of warmwater fishes and because of low water temperature in the station No1 It is recommended for culture of coldwater fishes by using of 50-70gr of young fishes .
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Ecology ; Iran ; Mohammadieye channel ; Physical and Chemical factors ; Heavy metal ; Agricultural pesticides ; Microbial contamination ; Aquaculture ; Monitoring ; Water
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    Reproductive maturation of sub adult Indian carps in earthen ponds (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25522 | 18721 | 2018-10-05 08:01:41 | 25522 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Carp culture in extensive and semi-extensive systems: i.e., earthen ponds, natural and semi-natural water resources, reservoirs and the paddy field has widspred distribution. Indian major carps including Catla (Catla catla), Roho (Labeo rohita), Mrigal (Cirrhinus mirgala) which have faster growth and good feed value than other warm water fishes introduced to many countries including India, Thailand, Burma, Philippines, Japan and the former Soviet Union are also considered and are reared. Sex steroids are important in the control of reproduction in fish. Development of methods for Indian education programs for proliferation requires knowledge of the hormonal changes during sexual maturation and spawning is. Testosterone, progesterone and 17 ϐ-estradiol are steroid hormones that play an important role in controlling Tuesday reproduction and sexual maturity of the fish are. This study aimed to investigate the changes in steroid hormones testosterone and 17 beta-estradiol including Catla (Catla catla), Roho (Labeo rohita), Mrigal (Cirrhinus mirgala) were conducted in different seasons. 40 specimen of carps breeders were investigated in southern (Aquaculture Research Institute) and north (North Aquaculture Research Institute) of Iran and maintained in different seasons (spring, summer, autumn, winter). Fish were caught by netting vetch and spring 1 cm. Blood samples were collected from the fish caudal blood serum by centrifugal separation model Labofuga 200 was made in Germany. Testosterone, and estradiol RIA (Radioimmunoassy) using an automatic gamma counter LKB model made in Finland made in France using the Immunotech kit hormone were measured. The results showed that the average level of 17 betaestradiol in the female in the spring, summer, autumn and winter, respectively, 82/12 ± 75/107, 66/13 ± 2/80, 73/17 ± 8/122 and 72/17 ± 25/104 ml, respectively. Mean testosterone levels in the female in the spring, summer, autumn and winter, respectively, 004/0 ± 092/0, 002/0 ± 05/0, 003/0 ± 11/0 and 006/0 ± 1/0 ng ml, respectively. Overall, the highest levels of 17 beta-estradiol and testosterone in female Roho were recorded in autumn. Also, low levels of 17 beta-estradiol and testosterone in female Roho was observed in summer. Highest and lowest levels of the male hormone, respectively, were recorded in winter and spring. The relationship between the hormone 17 beta-estradiol and testosterone with environmental factors such as pH and dissolved oxygen were discussed. there was a positive correlation between testosterone levels in males only the amount of dissolved oxygen .results revieled that sex hormone levels were increased during winter and autumn would be the signe for reproductive performance and spawning seasone in three species .
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Catla catla ; Labeo rohita ; Cirrhinus mirgala ; Carp culture ; Spawning ; Adult ; Indian Carp ; Earthen ponds
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    Artificial spawning and fingerling culturing of European Catfish (Silurus glanis L. 1758) (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25191 | 18721 | 2018-09-03 17:30:30 | 25191 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: The present study was conducted to survey the artificial spawning of European catfish (Silurus glanis L.) by synthetic hormones include Carp pituitary extract (CPE), Ovo fact [D-Ala6 des Gly10] GnRHa Ethyl amid in combination with domperidone diluted in propylene glycol, Human gonadotropin chryonic hormone (HCG) and LHRHa (des-Gly10, [D-Ala6] LH-RH Ethyl amide). In this research work 44 male and 72 female brood stokes that transferred to the Shaheed Dr Ansari hatchery and Sefid rod research station were studied on 2 years and injected with those stimulated maturation. Total length, total weight, gonad weight were measured to the nearest 0.1 cm, 1g and 0.01g respectively. The experiments were conducted using different doses of hormones on 4 treatments. In treatment CPE that brood stocks injected with 2.5, 3, 4 and 5 mg/kg/BW, the most responded (83.33%) was with 5mg/kg/Bw of CPE. The mean fertilization in this treatment was 92.5 4.51 and after that there are groups which were stimulated by 4 mg/kg/BW of CPE .In treatment ovafact that brood fish were injected by 10, 20, 30, 40 μg/kg/BW of this stimulation hormone showed 100 percent of fish ovulated in the group treated with 40 μg/kg/BW of ovofact. The mean fertilization rate was 86.08 6.27 in this group. 33.3 % of brood fish ovulated in the group that injected with 40 μg/kg/BW of LHRHa stimulation, but none of brood stock reached to spawning with injection of 30 μg/kg/BW of LHRHa. The brood stocks were injected by 800, 850, 900, 950 IU/kg/BW of HCG, only 33.3 percent of fish in groups that received 900 & 950 IU/kg/BW of this Stimulation hormone reached to spawning stages. According to our results and statistical analysis between trial treatments in percent of Embryo viability showed significant difference (P〈0.05) between HCG treatment with Ovofact and CPE groups. This results indicates that embryo viability was better in CPE and Ovofact rate to LHRHa and HCG treatments. In the other cases include the working fecundity, fertilization percent, latency period of maturation, latency period of incubation eggs and ratio of weigh stripped egg to body weight did not show any significant difference (P〈0.05) in experimental treatments for stripping the male brood stock of European catfish were injected by 3,4,5 mg/kg/BW of CPE, but not one of male brood fish didn’t reaches to stripping stage , so for eggs fertilization were used of milt from macerated Testes of dead males. So in anther experiment the male brood fish were injected by 5 mg/kg/BW CPE repeatedly at once every 5 days for Period 20 day’s period and milt were collected from of all of the males.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Silurus glanis ; Artificial propagation ; CPE ; Ova fact ; HCG ; LHRHa ; Spawning ; Hormones ; Carp ; Maturation ; Brood stocks ; Fecundity ; Fertilization ; European Catfish ; Fingerling
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    Partial harvesting from intensive shrimp (penaeusvannamei) culture pond in helle site (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25560 | 18721 | 2018-10-05 16:31:39 | 25560 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: In this investigation, were examined the effect of partial harvesting on optimal management of shrimp culture. In order to achieve to the purpose 6Pool0.4/hectare was selected. Three pool with density Twenty-five per sq. m as a witness and another three pond by density fifty per sq. m as the test sample were storage. Based on the results of biometry and biomass estimates of pool was calculated and provided amounts daily meals for shrimps. The first harvest took place after a period of120 days from the test pools .Average of harvest from pools B4, B6 and B7, was determined respectively, 1373,1365 and 1105kg. Second harvest from treatment poolsB4, B6andB7were determined, respectively, 1663, 1748 and1783kg. Final harvests from the pools were after 150 day. Harvest average from control pools B1, B2 and B3 was calculated and estimated respectively, 1824, 2000 and 1685 kg. The Average of FCR was calculated 1.51 in control samples. In general, the average of feed conversion rate of the treatment samples were calculated 1.51.We did not see the difference between FCR of control and test samples. According to the project's achievements, we can say, partial harvesting has an important role to increased productivity of shrimp farms in Helleh site from Bushehr Province.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Bushehr Province ; Hellh Site ; Partial Harvesting ; Shrimp Culture ; Feed Conversion Rate ; Penaeusvannamei ; Culture Pond ; Biomass ; Samples
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    Sexual diversity of red algae using isomorphic generations of Gracilaria corticata in the northern Persian Gulf and Oman Sea (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25562 | 18721 | 2018-10-06 16:15:33 | 25562 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: In conformity with the sex determination of Gracilaria corticata in the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea, a total of 41 samples were collected from two stations of Bostaneh region (northern Persian Gulf, 54° 38´ E / 26° 30´ N) and Lipar regions (northern Oman Sea, 60° 49´ E / 25° 15´ N). The specimens were cultured in PES media for observing the different life stages. The anatomical structures of thallus were taken into consideration. The diploid tetrasporophytes and spermatangia in thallus of male’s gametophytes; and Carpospore and cystocarps of female were determined. Due to DNA extraction, the parasites and epiphytes were cleaned and then the under growing sections were sectioned using liquid nitrogen. After extraction of DNA, by using 20 different primers according to ISSR molecular indicator, the sex diversity and genetic diversity of populations were studied; and four primers were selected ultimately. The obtained results were analyzed by GenAlex and PopGen softwares. In total, 74 bands, all polymorphisms, were propagated. According to PIC index, polymorphism separation of primer C (0.33) was higher than other primers. The Marker Index was measured between 4.48 and 6.51 with mean Shannon’s index of 0.46. The genetic similarity amongst algae was 96%. The genetic diversity inter and intra populations had significant differences of which 83% of total diversity was related to the intra diversity and 17% was related to inter diversity populations. The highest genetic distance belonged to the specimens 5 (Bostaneh) and 35 (Lipar), and it indicated the inter populations diversity in addition to intra population. As an overall conclusion, these populations can be considered as broodstocks for hybrid production for further species breeding and also to attain the maximum heterosis in adaptation with environment. In Ward clustering analysis, the dendrograms showed 5 different clusters in genetic distance of 12.18 of isomorphic phases. The PCA analysis as a complementally method was used for attest the findings. In this research, the ISSR primers could determine the male and female gametophytes and diploid tetrasporophytes in which the primer A (bands of 1200 & 1700 bp) specific for diploid tetrasporophyte and band of 300 bp specific for male were produced. The primer C showed the bands of 820 & 900 bp for diploid tetrasporophyte, and 500 bp for female gametophyte. The primer AB (990 bp) for male, 520 bp for female and 1600 & 1900 bp for diploid tetrasporophyte were specified. The primer ABC showed the specific band of 1100 bp for male; 500 bp for female; and 1200 & 1500 bp for diploid tetrasporophytes.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Persian Gulf ; Oman Sea ; Bostaneh region ; Lipar regions ; Sexual ; Diversity ; Red algae ; Generation ; Gracilaria corticata ; Samples ; DNA ; Population ; Broodstocks ; Environment ; Gametophyte ; Tetrasporophyte ; ISSR
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    Investigation of nutritional requirements of Caspian roach (Rutilus rutilus caspicus nipowitschi) fingerling (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25566 | 18721 | 2018-10-06 16:39:10 | 25566 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of different dietary levels of protein (%30, %35, %40, %45), fat (%8, %12, %16, %20) and total energy (3500,4000,4500,5000 kcal/kg) on growth of fingerling Roach (Rutilus rutilus caspicus knipowitschi ) in four treatments with triplicates. The crude protein of experiment, fish averaged 2.60 gr stoking density of 25 fish/tank in a during of 57 days, the crude fat of experiment, averaged 5.30 gr stoking density of 15 fish/tank in a during of 67 days and the gross energy of experiment, averaged 5.30 gr stoking density of 25 fish/tank in a during of 57 days which reared into 100L-fiber glass tanks. At the end of each experiments, growth average parameters, such as weight gain(%), specific growth rate, food conversion ratio, condition factor and survival (%) were not significantly different among all treatments (P〉0/05) but protein efficiency ratio showed in fish fed of %30 and %35 protein at levels significantly different with another treatments (P〈0/05). In all of experimentes, significant difference was found whole-body protein, lipid contents of fish fed the different dietary protein, lipid and energy levels indicated that significant difference among of treatments. As regards the economics of feeding and effective protein utilization, the dietary containing %30, %16 fat levels and total energy 5000 kcal/kg would be suitable to growth roach fingerling.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Caspian Sea ; Protein ; Fat ; Energy ; Growgh ; Fish roach ; Rutilus rutilus caspicus knipowitschi ; Fingerlings ; Survival ; Lipid ; Feeding
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    Study on effects of red light intensities and periods on growth performance of Caspian trout (Salmo trutta caspius) larvae (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25199 | 18721 | 2018-09-05 16:28:49 | 25199 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Survey is conducted to evaluate the effects of different intensities and durations of red light spectrums on growth performance and survival of Caspian trout (Salmo trutta caspius) in Coldwater Fishes Research Center (CFRC). According to the standard methods and manuals, selected 1.1±0.2 g (1755 individuals) larvae transferred from a registered and well-known hatchery and introduced to the fish tanks in CFRC after quarantine and adaptation procedures. The trial designed for 9 treatments with 3 repeats and fish tanks (California troughs) stocked by 65 larvae. All tanks were separated by dark plastic sheets individually to more controlling actions on special lighting regimes, except controls. Lighting actions were conducted as long as survey stage for 36 days by economic lamps (P: 40/50 W, =550/880 lum) on lighting durations of 12/12, 10/14, 14/10 h (on/off) and 24 (on) by 40/50 W lamps respectively for treatment 1 to 8. Controls are considered in treatment No. 9 by natural and environmental lighting regime. The biometry operations were carried out in a 6 days interval. Results were analyzed with SPSS (Version 12) software and by ANOVA one way analysis method and multiple levels of Duncan Test; graphs were illustrated by Excel software. According to the results, most of the measured factors as growth indicators (FW, WG, FCR and SGR) in treatments (1-8) had showed significant differences in compare of control. In this case, oily drips in retina layer of eye s larvae absorb the short light spectrums and let the long spectrums to be transferred. Thus because of more vision, feeding behavior could develop with lower stress condition. Moreover, some growth factor (SGR, WG and FCR) rates in larvae showed better values significantly in treatment (1) (12/12 h lighting with 550 lum) in compare of other treatments and controls (P≤ 0.05). In addition, there are not any harmonized and expected growth parameters with synchronized red lighting intensities and durations in the Caspian trout larvae. It seems that recent demonstrations were influenced by physiological effects of some endocrinal glands and brain neurotransmitters.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Caspian trout ; Salmo trutta caspius ; Larvae ; Red light ; Light strengthen ; Light duration ; Growth ; Survey ; Survival ; Coldwater ; Feeding
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    Comparison of growth and survival rate between import and native rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25204 | 18721 | 2018-09-04 08:20:25 | 25204 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Rainbow trout is only species of cold water fishes which is rearing and propagation in Iranian fishery farms. Along of develop aquaculture industries increase request of best produces such as trout eyed eggs and larva. For this reason fishery farmers must be to provide that the way of import of other countries, such as: Denmark, Norway and France. As for this importance subject and unknown basic information about preference ratio for doing it, we needed to study about that to answer the suppliant questions. In this study carried out 3 test groups (3 treatments with 3 repetitions) and compared specific growth rate (SGR), condition factor (CF) and survival rate (SVR) between in this groups. Statistical analysis were significantly difference of increase rate of length and weight in French group with other groups (p〈0.05). Compared of main factors (SGR, CF, SVR) in French test group were significantly difference with other groups (p〈0.05). Survival rate percentage in Iranian treatments (SVR=%67) were significantly with the others (p〈0.05). This ratio respectively in Danish and French treatment was %54 and %48.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Oncorhynchus mykiss ; SR ; CF ; SGR ; Growth ; Survival rate ; Rainbow trout ; Species ; Cold water ; Rearing ; Fishery ; Aquaculture ; Larvae
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    Study on physico-chemical characteristics of water in the southern of Caspian Sea (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25563 | 18721 | 2018-10-05 16:51:28 | 25563 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: In this study, the characteristics of physico-chemical parameters of water done in coastal part of the southern Caspian Sea during 2010-2011 (four seasons) in 8 transects (Astara, Anzali, Sefidrour, Tonkabon, Noshahr, Babolsar, Amirabad and Torkman). For measurement of water quality parameters, 480 samples were collected in different water layers by using of APHA standards methods. According to modeling and statistical methods was used multivariate for evaluation of factor analysis (MFA) in general groups and discriminant analysis (MDA) for spatial and temporal with water quality parameters. The statistical procedure of MFA was used for data reduction and finally six factors selected with about 80.48 percent of total variances related to them. The statistical procedures of MDA were used for the role of spatial and temporal of water quality parameters in different water layer. The function one gave eight parameters (pH, salinity, EC, DO, NO^3-, water temperature, NH^4+ and N^-total) affording more than 80, 67, 80, 77 and 71 % correct assignations (return to the same transects) in spatial analysis. In all transects during four seasons, function one gave five parameters (water temperature, salinity, EC, NO^2- and NH^4+) to afford 100, 100, 100, 97 and 97 % correct assignations in temporal analysis. The results showed that, the average amounts in light penetration layers during four seasons were for EC(15.04±0.18ms/cm), pH(8.38±0.01unit), salinity (10.31±0.16g/l), DO(5.67±0.09ml/l) and water temperature (18.28 ±0.72°C). The average amount of nutrients for parameters such as organic and inorganic phosphorus, total phosphorus, NO^2-, NO^3-, NH^4+, N^-Total and SiO_2 were 0.50±0.02, 0.32±0.01, 0.82±0.02, 1.76±0.10, 0.10±0.01, 1.51±0.10, 46.82±1.80 and 8.60±0.29µM, respectively. The average amounts in dark layers during four seasons were for EC (15.46±0.38ms/cm), pH (8.34±0.03unit), salinity (10.70±0.35g/l), DO (4.55±0.13ml/l) and water temperature (9.62 ±0.16°C). The average amount of nutrients for parameters such as organic and inorganic phosphorus, total phosphorus, NO^2-, NO^3-, NH^4+, N^-Total and SiO_2 were 0.54 ±0.05, 0.33 ±0.02, 0.87±0.06, 1.92±0.21 , 0.08± 0.01, 1.55±0.25, 45.10±3.25 and 10.05±0.62 µM, respectively. The average amounts of light penetration in all transects during four seasons 4.49±0.38 meters. The maximum light penetrations during spring, summer, fall and winter seasons were 9, 8, 8.20 and 7 meters, respectively. The maximum water temperatures in light and dark layers were 32.36 and 11.50°C. Also, the maximum differences about thermocline temperature during summer and fall seasons were 19.6°C and 10°C, respectively in southern part of Caspian Sea. Data in spatial analysis were not significant (p〉0.05), it means if add or removed any transect did not change occurred. But in temporal analysis were significant (p〈0.01), and it means no way remove any seasons for a research work on Caspian Sea in southern part. In those transects with 100m depth. Water temperature is only highly effective parameter between other parameters. In function 1 between 3 functions in transects with 100m depth water temperature with 60% variance was the main role and effective between different seasons in depth part were very high.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Caspian Sea ; Astara ; Anzali ; Sefidrour ; Tonkabon ; Noshahr ; Babolsar ; Physico-chemical parameters ; Nutrient maters ; Sea water ; APHA ; pH ; Salinity ; Temperature ; Nutrients
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    Monitoring of commercial marine stocks around Hormuzgan (bandar-e-Lengeh) artificial reefs (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25203 | 18721 | 2018-09-05 16:18:18 | 25203 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Over-fishing of marine resources has endangered many commercial fish species in the world; with aquaculture development, setting up artificial reef systems is an important way for marine stocks and fishing enhancement. The present study was designed to monitor fish abundance and species changes around a small and newly established artificial reef system in Moloo area at Bandar-e-Lengeh during two years after installation (Sep. 2005 to Sep. 2007). The artificial reef includes three types of concrete structures arranged in a seven by three grid. Each cross point considered as a sampling station and two other stations selected from two sides of the system as control stations. Based on obtained results CPUE (P = 0.00001), frequency (P = 0.001) and species diversity of captured fishes (P = 0.024) showed significant differences between three types of sampling traps. With type of structures, The CPUE and frequency of fishes in transect 7(mixed structures) showed the significant differences with other six transects (p= 0.001, P = 0.009). No diversity relationships were seen between transects (p= 0.100). In this study there were no significant differences between depths. Although the means of CPUE between seasons were different, but the ANOVA test could not show the significant differences because of the differention between variances. The T-Test showed no significant differences between the numbers per trap per day dominant species (Epinephelus coioides, Plectorhinchus shotaf, Diagrama pictum, Siganus javus) in different seasons. Movie prepared from artificial reefs showed diversity of fish were more than that of fishing by trap. Although fishes increased but there was no enough causes evidences for product in artificial reefs. Therefore, the study need to continue in this area.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Iran ; Hormuzgan Province ; Bandar Lengeh ; Artificial reef ; Monitoring of stocks ; Density ; Diversity ; CPUE ; Marine ; Species ; Aquaculture ; ANOVA ; Epinephelus coioides ; Plectorhinchus shotaf ; Diagrama pictum ; Siganus javus
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    Bester (beluga ♀ × starlet ♂) production and comparing their growth with beluga in Iran (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25193 | 18721 | 2018-09-03 17:21:38 | 25193 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Aquaculture for human consuming species is being considered as the first substitution of catching aquatic species due to increase of human population and decrease of wild aquatic stocks. In this study, the hybrid sturgeon Bester (female beluga x male sterlet) was produced for the first time in Iran. Sperm of 1.35 kg male Acipenser ruthenus was used to fertilize the eggs of 125 kg female Huso huso in Shahid Marjani Sturgeon propagation center (Agh Ghala, Golestan province). The fries of bester and control treatment of beluga were transported to International Sturgeon Research Institute (Rasht) after about one month by reaching to 490 mg and 377 mg of weight respectively. All fishes fed by artificial concentrated food (48-50% protein and 15-17% fat) after a period of feeding with Artemia and Daphnia. Sorting was carried out according to increase of fish weight for both fishes. Results showed that the imported sterlet spawners were not at the high maturation stages and especially the males had not suitable sperm quality. It showed that up to 2 months of age , these was no significant difference between bester and beluga weight but from this age up to 2 months of age the weight of beluga was greater. Meanwhile from 2 months old up to the end of the study (21 months) the weight of bester sample was significantly greater than beluga. The comparison of FCR for the whole rearing period showed no difference between bester and beluga (2.4 and 2.3 respectively). In general, the increase and decrease pattern of GR and SGR were coincided to each other, but showed monthly differences. Growth rate (GR) and specific growth rate (SGR) of bester were greater than beluga from 4th and 3rd month of rearing period respectively.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Golestan Province ; Aquaculture ; Beluga ; Sterlet ; Bester ; Growth Rate ; Aquatic ; Species ; Population ; Female ; Male ; Acipenser ruthenus ; Huso huso ; Sturgeon ; Artemia
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    Adaptation and use of amphipoda in fish culture ponds in order to increase fish production (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25201 | 18721 | 2018-09-05 16:03:37 | 25201 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Use and enrichment of live food resource in fish farms have been interested and highly demanded. Crustacean are one of the important groups. The Pontogammarus maeoticus dominated in southern Caspian Sea shore with a high abundance. This study was designed in order to adaptation and usage of amphipoda in fish culture ponds. The first part have been surveyed the laboratory experiments including of; to increasing and developing of P.maeoticus in 200 litter container, the effects of salinity on growth and survival of amphipods in many aquariums, the culture of common carp with amphipods and growth determination of them. Chemical composition analysis of P.maeoticus and carps fed by amphipods in compare to cultured carps from ordinary ponds. Due to concern about common healthy the heavy metal concentration has been measured in P. maeoticus, carp which were fed by amphipods and the cultured carps in earth ponds. In second phase; the adaptation of two amphipods species, P. maeoticus and Obesogammarus acuminatus was studied in fish ponds where some cages with sandy soft substrate had been provided for amphipoda replacement. Also a small surface of ponds surrounded by net and covered by Azola plant, a habitat suitable for to putting of O. acuminatus. Production of amphipoda had not the successfully results in large tanks. Aquariums with Caspian Sea water had the prosper results where the specimens were breeding and developing properly, even though in some aquarium with freshwater increased the amphipods number. The chemical composition had not significant difference between two kind of cultured carps while the organic component in amphipoda had a high quality. The better quality of cultured carp by amphipod diet have been confirmed by organoleptic test. The results of heavy metal measurement in amphipoda showed a high concentration which some of them were transmitted to cultured carps. Result of amphipoda replacement in cage was not satisfy and the specimens were died after some days. According to hydro-chemical parameters the oxygen poorness and high trophy levels were the affective factor to abolish of specimens in cages. It seems that there are many type of P.maeoticus that can be adapted in different salinities. The molecular differentiation should be investigated to choose the suitable type of this spices for utilization in freshwater fish ponds. In other hand it can be used in fish culture ponds that will be supplied by brackish water.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Caspian Sea ; Adaptation ; Amphipoda ; Fish ; Culture ; Ponds ; Enrichment ; Pontogammarus maeoticus ; Amphipoda ; Survey ; P.maeoticus ; Common carp ; O. acuminatus ; Oxygen ; Specimens ; Brackish water
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    Determination of biotechniqe and bionormative of breeding and culturing of Penaeus merguiensis de Man in Bushehr Area (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25208 | 18721 | 2018-09-05 16:18:49 | 25208 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: To introduce the native commercial shrimp species to aquaculture industry, the Iranian Fisheries Research Organization conducted a project to investigate the possibility of reproduction and cultivation of the banana shrimp (Penaeus merguensis). The present work has been carried out from 21st March 2001 in two phase, reproduction and cultivation, in Iran Shrimp Research Center. The main objectives of this study was to find the possibility of reproduction and cultivation of banana shrimp with emphasis on its cost and benefit and to find if this species could be introduced to aquaculture industry in Iran. In this work, 42 brood stocks of banana shrimp caught in Jask waters and were transported to Bushehr. The shrimps were reproduced in aquaculture research station, and then cultivated in 0.4 ha ponds in Heleh region. Most of the broodstocks perished, due to long distance of Jask from Bushehr province, or had problem in hatching. Finally 8 of broodstock shrimps spawned. In 3 cases, the reared naplii larva suffered high mortality, but the other 5 spawner’s bread successfully. The post larvae were introduced to the shrimp ponds. The primary stocking was 360,000 larvae, introduced to each of two 4 m 3 tanks. The survival in both tanks for mysis stage was 83% but for PL stages, the survival was 5% for Tank 1 due to disease outbreak (until PL 24), and 62% for Tank 2. On 10 th June 2001 the PL 24 were stocked into the ponds but unfortunately due to adaptation problem, all of the shrimps perished. It seems that banana shrimp couldn’t to be adapted to the pond condition in Heleh region. On the basis of the results, the reproduction of the banana shrimps is achievable, but broodstocks needs to be transferred to reproduction areas as soon as possible to reduce stress on the shrimps. Our finding shows that the optimum conditions of salinity and temperature for growth of the reared banana shrimp in Heleh region is 33ppt and 30 °C, respectively.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Persian Gulf ; Banana shrimp ; Aquaculture ; Reproduction ; Penaeus merguensis
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    Study of the aquaculture of Pacific white legged prawn and comparison of its economical efficiency with Indian white prawn (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25207 | 18721 | 2018-09-05 16:22:47 | 25207 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Increasing of biodiversity and reduction of production costs and alo increasing of shrimp production are the main elements of production security and continuation of aquaculture of shrimp in the country. The hypothesis of this study is made on the basis of aquaculture of pacific white legged prawn, litopenaeus vannamei, and that is economically better than Indian white prawn in Bushehr area. This study was carried out with the objectives of determination of bionormatives of pacific white legget prawn and yield estimation per square meter and has been compared with Indian white prawn. During 1384-85. In this study, the field operations were carried out after primary preparation and water enrichment with the juvenile prawn (pL 15) with 20 prawn per squar meter in the 3 ponds. During the study the phisico-chemical parameters such as water temperature, ocsysion, pH,two times per day , in the morning and evening and salinity , transpiration and depth water , only one time in a day were measured .The health of prawns and also sampling for the calculation of body weight were carried out in every 10 days . Feeding in the first month was randomly and after that was being continued based on the mean of the body weight. The results of this study have showed that the growth of this species is very fast so that during 90 days with the capacity of 20 prawns per squar , meter, it can be reached to 19.59 gr body weight with the growth rate of 0.217 gr . The mean of total production was 2737.5 kg per hectar with FCR=1. During this study the salinity from 33 ppt to 54 ppt, water temperature from 24.3°c to 35.2°c, occsysion from 2.4 to 11.89 mg/l , pH from 7.83 to 9.01 , transparency from 35 cm to 90 cm and water depth from 100cm to 145 cm were measured and recorded . In the second year, the comparison of growth rate of white legged prawn and Indian white prawn was carried out in the four ponds. The results of this study showed that during 110 days. White legged prawns was reached to average of body weight 14.66 gr and Indian white shrimp, reached to 10.75 gr. The economical assessment showed that white legged prawn has an economical advantage around 2.59 times during 110 days with the capacity of 35 prawns per hectar.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Bushehr ; Western white legged shrimp ; Indian white shrimp ; Culture ; Bionormative ; Commercial production ; Aquaculture
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    Effect of protein and energy levels of diet on the growth parameters of shirbot (Barbus grypus) in the grow out stage (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25215 | 18721 | 2018-09-06 05:02:27 | 25215 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: This study was done is two phases, to determine required suitable level of protein and energy for Barbus grypus to get maximum growth to market size. Phase 1-finger ling phase Treatments with triplicate in different level of protein (25, 30, 35 percentage) and different level of digestible energy (kcal/100 gr 250,300,350) were used. Also the effect of mentioned diets on fish growth by calculating (WG, FER, FCR, SVR, PER, SGR) was studied. 9 treatments with triplicate random group of 15 fish per 300 liter tank the mean of were stuclied for 60 days. Body weight was (29.68±0.19gr). The results showed that in constant protein levels growth parameters improved to a special level with in Creasing energy level but in constant. Protein decrease with in crase in energy level. The result of caracass showed energy, protein, fiber and lipid caracass increased with increase in protein and energy, ash level of diet, on the other hand the mentioned diets had meaningfull effect on biochemical composition of caracass except (protein and ash). The best protein level was (%30) and suitable energy level was (250 Kcal/100gr). Phase 2: Grow out stage The best diets (P30%) and (250Kcal/100gr) and (p350%),(300kcal/100gr),(p35%)(350Kcal/100gr)was determind of second phase. These three suitable diets 3 treament in a soil pond 160m² with primary weight 98.3±23 in 60 day. Siqnificant different bet ween treatments were obsereved based on WG,FER,FCR,SVR,PER,SGR Indices. There were no Siqnificant different in (fish body composition)in second phases of experiment. The level of energy,protein,fiber and lipid. In fishes body were increased with in increasing the diet protein. Finally, according to mean valves,30% protein level and (250 Kcal/100gr) energy for barbus grypus are suggestedias the best levels.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Barbus Grypus ; Protein ; Energy ; Fingerling ; Grow out stage ; Diet ; Body weight ; Ash ; Parameters ; Growth
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    Assesses the economic and hygienic effects of aflatoxins in some of farmed fish and shrimp (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25607 | 18721 | 2018-10-07 16:14:00 | 25607 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Acipenser stellatus and Huso huso are the most important native sturgeon species in Caspian Sea. In the present study, the impacts of various concentrations of Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) on Beluga, Huso huso, under controlled conditions were investigated. Belugas (120±10 g) were fed diets containing 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 ppb AFB1/kg of diet for 3 months. Results showed that various levels of AFB1 do not significantly affect the specific growth ratio (SGR) (p〈 0.05) of fish in different treatments. However, weight gain and food conversion ratio (FCR) varied significantly (p〈 0.05 between control and treatments with diets contaminated with 75 and 100ppb AFB1/kg after 90 days). The increase in level of AFB1 did not affect the percent of survival rate (SR) and no mortality was observed in treatments (SR=100%). Various levels of AFB1 under experimental conditions of the present study affect some growth factors, such as, weight gain and FCR but have no significant impact on SGR. Histopathological studies showed that different level of AFB1 can cause broad range of changes in liver, kidney, spleen and gills tissues, particularly at concentration of 75 and 100 ppb AFB1/kg of diets after 60 days.No tumour formation observed. With regard to toxin concentration and time of exposure to AFB1 in experimental fish, different degree of skin lesions (simple hemorrhage to progressive wounds) were observed in different parts of body especially in vent, caudal peduncle, fins, and head. "Yellow sores" on head and trunk regions are considerable and led to deterioration of appearance. Prevalence of skin lesion in different treatments was 8 -53.3 %, which after stop feeding with toxic diets, 16 – 24 % healing observed.Haematological chenges included chronic anemia and lymphocytopenia.Also nutrophilia observed with increasing of skin lesions. Meat accumulation of AFB1 in different treatments is not so considerable and harmfull for human cunsumption, but is significantly different with control fishes(P〈0.01) Responses of experimental fishes to varying concentrations of aflatonix were investigated under controlled conditions. Fishes were fed diet containing 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100ppb AFB1/kg of diet for 3 months. Skin lesions evaluated through clinical observations. With regard to toxin concentration and time of exposure to AFB1 in experimental fish, different degree of skin lesions were observed in different parts of body. Histopathological changes in liver, kidney, spleen and gills of fish fed different level AFB1 and very wide range from congestion to necrosis. Progressive fat deposition, hepatocyte degeneration and necrosis in liver, especially in concentration 75 and 100 AFB1/kg of diets after 4o days of feeding, emphasize the mentioned results .At the end of the 30 days exposure period , blood samples were taken from the control and experimental fish. Blood was assayed for selected haematological parameters (haematocrit, hemoglobin, red blood cell count, white blood cell count, total albumin, total albumin, ALT and AST).The derived haematological indices of MCH, MCVand MCHC were calculated. Alterations in serum levels of ALT and AST are liver specified and the significant reduction in total protein and albumin content observed in some experiments.There was no significant difference in SGR between experimental treatments but some differences observed in GR and FCR.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Health ; Iran ; Huso huso ; AFB1 ; Growth ; Skin lesions ; Pathological changes ; Haematological changes ; Meat residue ; Acipenser stellatus ; Histopathological changes ; SGR ; FCR ; Aflatoxin ; Beluga
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    Using biotechnology and chemical approach extraction of chitin and conversion to chitosan from the cyst shells of Artemia urmiana (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25618 | 18721 | 2018-10-07 16:34:53 | 25618 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Chitin and chitosan are 2 very important products of biopolymer that enjoy high consumption in industry, but their production sources are very limited. In this study, Artemia urmiana cyst shells were obtained from previously collected and stored ones in Iranian Artemia Research Center. 20 kg of Artemia urmiana cyst shells were sampled, cleaned, separated, dried and transferred to Iranian Artemia Research Center Laboratory to extract their Chitin and chitosan. Their chitin and chitosan initially were extracted using optimized common chemical methods. Their properties were compared to 2 other types of Chitin and chitosan obtained from crab and shrimp manufactured by Vietnam and China, respectively. To determine their quality, elemental analysis device, infrared spectrophotometry, x –ray radiography, determination of viscosity , molecular weight, crystallinity percent, color, de stylization measure, empirical and molecular formulas were made. The results showed that the percentage of chitin obtained from Artemia cyst Shells in Chemical method was 28 ± 3 % by weight and efficiency into chitosan (grade steel relief) in this method was 50± 5%. To optimize the extraction procedure and the removal of proteins of chitin by biological practices that were done by sodium hydroxide in the chemical method, it was replaced by the bacterium Bacillus subtilis. And in the bio- phase of chitosan de steelation fungus Aspergillus niger enzyme was replaced instead of sodium hydroxide at high temperatures. The results showed that chitin and chitosan can be extracted from Artemia cyst shell using biological method and their characteristics included as in chitin 49.6% C, 8.2 % N, 7.5 % H, and 34.5 %O. Also the same levels for chitosan were 44.4 %, 8.9, 7.2 and 39.5 %, respectively. Their other quality characteristics were included chitin average molecular weight 4.9×10^6 Dalton, crystallinity percentage of 36.4, viscosity at 20°C 31 centipoise and its color was gray to brown. In the biologic method, the average molecular weight of chitosan, crystallinity percentage, viscosity at 20°C, were 5.1×105 Dalton, 94.5, and 18 centipoises, respectively. Also, its color was pale brown. Chemical structure of extracted chitin and chitosan from the shell of Artemia urmiana cysts were C_7H_12NO_4 and C_6H_11 NO_4c, respectively. The comparison of chitin and chitosan obtained from each chemical and biological method revealed that replacing biological methods instead of chemical methods is possible in achieving these products at suitable condition and better quality. This can eliminate the use of chemicals damaging the environment such as sodium hydroxide and decrease environmental pollution.
    Keywords: Biology ; Chemistry ; Iran ; Artemia urmiana cyst shell ; Chitin ; Chitosan ; Chemical ; Biological methods ; Crab shell ; Shrimp shell ; Biotechnology
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    Biological survey of Caspian kutum (Rutilus kutum) released fingerlings in Sefidroud River (Guilan Province) (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25612 | 18721 | 2018-10-07 16:15:05 | 25612 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Kutum fish (Rutilus kutum) is an anadromous cyprinid species that spawns in adjusted rivers to the Caspian Sea. Many million fingerlings were artificially produced and annually released in these rivers specifically in Sefidrud River by Iranian Fisheries Organization. In this study were estimated the staying period of Kutum fingerlings in Sefidrud River and its diet and growth. A small piece of the caudal fin was cut as a tagging method. About 50000 and 5200 individuals were marked during July and September 2013, respectively. The marked fish had an average total length 53.2±5.6 mm and body weight 1.11±0.26 g and were released in river around two kilometers of the estuary. The sampling of fishes had been earlier started from Feb. 2012 and continued until Feb. 2013 at five stations. Four stations were along river from three Kilometer of estuary to estuary and one station was in right side of estuary in the sea coast. The results showed that marked samples after releasing time were distributed in all studied area from 3 kilometers of estuary to estuary but they migrate mainly toward Caspian Sea in a short time. However the marked samples were observed in estuary and the sea coast after 6 and 24 hours of their releasing time, respectively, Kutum fingerlings remained in Sefidrud river ecosystem in a longer time, at least until end of our sampling period i.e. 105 days. The coefficient of vacuity index of the natural feeding study was 0.0, 49.0 and 30.6 % for phytoplankton, zooplankton and benthos, respectively. The average of GastroSomatic index, intensity of fullness and condition factor were calculated 6.30±3.25, 174.6±153.2 and 0.92±0.09, respectively. A temporal and spatial variation on main food items were observed in gut content of fish fingerlings from different locations and seasons. Gut contents were generally included 59 genera of phytoplankton, 15 groups of zooplankton and 10 groups of benthos. Nitzschia, Navicula and Synedra were dominated among phytoplankton genera with 45.83, 18.02 and 15.99 %, respectively. Among zooplankton groups; the Rotaria, Moeina and Difflugia were dominated with 22.30, 20.86 and 15.83%, respectively. Chironomidae and Gammaridae were the main food items among fed benthic animals with 83.67 and 11.15%, respectively. Furthermore 48 phytoplankton genera, 32 zooplankton genera and 6 benthic families were identified in ecosystem of Sefidrud river. Bacillariophyta phylum (with 23 genus), Rotatoria (with17 genus) and Chironomidae family were dominated in each mentioned groups, respectively. It is concluded that the Kutum fingerlings stay in Sefidrud River for a long time, although most of them migrate to Caspian Sea during first month after releasing. However dietary indices were normal in studied samples, the condition factor index seems to be low.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Caspian Sea ; Rutilus kutum ; Fingerlings ; Kutum ; Fish ; Rotaria ; Moeina ; Difflugia ; Phytoplankton
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    Study and relocation of corals in developing area of Shahid Beheshty port, Chabahar (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25623 | 18721 | 2018-10-08 07:07:34 | 25623 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: The conservation of coral colonies is very vital for marine organisms and human. In Chabahar Bay, the coral reefs are in danger of destruction due to the development program of Shahid Beheshti Port. In this project, over 30,000 hard corals were transported to coast of Hotel Lipar an area at a distance of 3.5-4 kms far from Shahid Beheshti Port. Also, the new techniques were used for coral reattachment and transportation. The operation has done within expert divers and consultancy of Prof. Dr. Maikle Risk. Four methods performance as pailots. Since the corals are very sensitive to turbidity and suspended sediments from land reclamation and dredging projects, therefore appropriate measures should be conducted for conservation and recovery of them.37 patches in size 5×10 meters has built with concerete. Diffent sizes of corals were separated by mechanical tools and transported to new sites and reattachment on artificial sea bottom.Three monthes after the last reattachments monitored showed that %96.93 of corals were in good health. This success was the important achievement because of innovating coral carrier and mass coral relocation. At present, the coral relocation is suggested as a good method for recovery of coral reefs after a disturbance in condition of their native habitats.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Chabahar ; Port of Shahid Beheshti ; Corals ; Coral relocation ; Reattachment of Corals ; Marine ; Organisms ; Reefs ; Turbidity ; Sediments
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    Identification of qanats in Rafsanjan, Sirjan and Ravar cities for fish culture (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25229 | 18721 | 2018-09-06 06:14:35 | 25229 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Study and recognition of the Quanat water of Rafsanjan, Sirjan and Ravar cities has been beginning since the November of 2004. Among 228 Quanat chains were studied in these cities, 165 quanat chains had a discharge more than 10 liter per second (L/Se) which were sampled. In this research oxygen, pH, discharge, water temperature and air temperature were measured in two times and in the local place. Height from the sea level, longitude and latitude were measured (by GPS Machine) in one time and in the local place and other physical and chemical factors including No_2, No_3, Co_2, total hardness, NH_3 and So_4 were measured one time in the laboratory. In this manner, the condition of connection ways of considered Quanat with city was studied. With examination on the Quanat water in above said cities, all of Quant was within desired extents for aquaculture activities. Moreover in some of them, water temperature was higher than 20 degree centigrade that with some changes and in specific months can be used in aquaculture.
    Keywords: Biology ; Iran ; Rafsanjan ; Sirjan ; Ravar ; Fish ; Aquaculture ; Quant ; Water ; Oxygen ; pH ; Temperature ; No2 ; No3 ; Co2 ; NH3
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    A study of the field trial effects of Eltosil® (recombinant bovine somatotropin) on growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25227 | 18721 | 2018-09-06 06:02:34 | 25227 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: The major reason application of growth hormone (GH) in fish was commercial use of rapid growth and more replication fish. Numerous studies demonstrated that recombinant bovine somatotropin increased growth rates in several fish species. However, such studies have not been done yet in Iran. This research was taken in two steps. In the first step of experiments, 1200 rainbow trout larvae (Oncorhynchus mykiss) weighing 0.5±0.05 gram were randomly allotted in two groups including: 1) the control group and 2) Eltosil® group, each in three replicate. These larvae were randomly divided in six 100 liter square troughs with a continuous water flow of 1 liter per minute. In the second step of experiments, 600 rainbow trout fry (Oncorhynchus mykiss) weighing 45±1 grams were randomly allotted in two groups including: 1) the control group and 2) Eltosil® group, each in three replicate. These fry were randomly divided in six 2,000 liter round concrete ponds with a continuous water flow of 5 liter per minute. Through and ponds were supplied with a well water (temp. range: 15 2; O2: 7.2 0.2; pH= 8 0.3). In the first step of experiments, the fish were hand-fed with commercial pellets (Biomar) ten times daily at the beginning of the experiments and reached four times daily during continuous growth. In the second step of experiments, the fish were hand-fed with commercial pellets (Cheeneh) four times daily at the beginning of the experiments and reached two times daily during continuous growth. In this research, the fish received of 200g Eltosil® per 100kg BW. The administration method of Eltosil® -mixed feed to fish was once a week for 4 consecutive weeks at each treatment stage, totally 8 times for 12 weeks (once a week, 4 times in the first step; withdrawal for four weeks in the second step; once a week for 4 times in the third step). The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of Eltosil® (oral recombinant bovine somatotropin 1%) on growth performance in rainbow trout. Accordingly, to calculate growth factors, fish were weighed weekly and their body lengths were measured every other week. At the end of each rearing period (on days 28, 56, 84) the means of whole body weight (WBW), weight gain (WG), average daily growth (ADG), total length (TL), average daily length (ADL), grams of weight gain per gram of food (G/F) in control and Eltosil® groups were calculated. Also, specific growth rate (SGR), condition factor (CF), food conversion rate (FCR), and the percentage of survival ratio in the control and Eltosil® groups were calculated. Moreover, at the end of the rearing period (on day 84), comparative growth rate (CGR), means of WBW, WG, TL, ADL and FCR in the control and Eltosil® groups were calculated. The results obtained in the first step of this research demonstrated that there were no significant differences between growth factors in the control and the Eltosil® groups (p〉 0.05) on days 28; 56; 84 of rearing periods. Also, the results of the second step showed that there were no significant differences between growth factors in the control and Eltosil® groups (p〉 0.05) on days 28 and 56 of rearing periods. However, in second step of experiments, there were significant differences between means of growth factors in WBW (p= 0.019), WG (p〈 0.05), ADG (p= 0.009), TL (p〈 0.001), and ADL (p= 0.04) of the control and Eltosil® groups on day 84 in rainbow weighing 45±1 grams. In the same period, there was greater 11.2% CGR in Eltosil® group than the control group. There was no significant difference between the percentage of survival ratio of the control and Eltosil® groups in any rearing periods (p〉 0.05). In this research generally, oral administration of recombinant bovine somatotropin (Eltosil®) for eight weeks increased final WBW, WG, ADG, TL, ADL, and CGR in rainbow trout fry weighing 45±1 grams on day 84. This data showed that oral administration of recombinant bovine somatotropin (Eltosil®) was a suitable way to improve growth performance in rainbow trout fry weighing 45±1 grams; but it was not in rainbow trout fry weighing 0.5±0.05 gram.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Recombinant Bovine Somatotropin ; Rbst ; Eltosil® ; Growth Performance ; Rainbow Trout ; Oncorhynchus mykiss ; LG ; Hormone ; GH
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    The effectiveness of artificial reefs for rehabilitation and production of fisheries in Iran (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25250 | 18721 | 2018-09-06 06:29:01 | 25250 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: An artificial Reef is a fabricated, underwater structure, typically built for promoting marine life in areas of generally featureless bottom. Creating artificial reefs began from 2000 in southern provinces in Iran. This study has surveyed about the Bushehr and Khozestan states. The objective is to determine the effectiveness of artificial reefs in attracting and enhancing the production different aquatics through increasing of fish assemblage and fishery. The performance of artificial reefs deployed off the coast of the Persian Gulf in 10 to 15m, was evaluated. The reefs comprised of seven artificial and one control (natural) statistical tests plan in three replicates. Three types of artificial reefs were used in this study. That two were designed reefs and one was not designed or used material. The experimental plan consisted (i) Reef ball (R), designed hemispherical shaped; (ii) Laneh Mahi (L), designed pyramid shaped; (iii) Used material (U); (iv) mixed (RL); (v) mixed (RU); (vi) mixed (LU); (vii) mixed (RLU); and (viii) control site (CS). Trap nets and under-water visual census surveys were adopted for seasonal sampling of fish aggregation. Results of statistical analysis using ANOVA and T-test of the mean Catch per Unit Effort (CPUE) showed significant difference (p〈0.05) in term of computing number of fish for aggregation of fishes. The study has concluded that reef deployments have influenced favorably the fish communities and fish harvests. Therefore, the artificial reefs, especially the mixed RLU, are appropriate tools for future fishing enhancement in the Persian Gulf of Iran.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Persian Gulf ; Khozestan Province ; Bushehr Province ; Artificial reefs ; Fisheries ; Marine ; Survey ; Hemispherical ; ANOVA ; CPUE ; Underwater structure
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    Possibility of using fresh water rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus for feeding Persian sturgeon Acipenser persicus (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25253 | 18721 | 2018-09-07 06:53:45 | 25253 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Acipenser persicus, one of the native Species living in the southern part of the Caspian Sea, has high Percentage of larval mortality. Therefor to decrease the rate of mortality of larvae survival and to increase to regenerate properly during the active feeding process of fish larvae, while under artificial reproduction they were fed withe fresh water rotifer. Four types of feeding treatments were applied as follow: Treatment 1: Similar to normal process, first withe Artemia cyst then withe Daphnia Treatment 2: Mixture of Artemia, Rotifer and Daphnia; Treatment 3 freshwater Rotifera ;Treatment 4: fresh water Rotifer enriched with Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid- 6- Palmytat).Three replicates were used for each treatment. In the process of each observation 45 larvae in containers withe 100 liter capacity filled with 30 liters of water, after 8 days of external feeding process, were inspected closely, during which , they were under biometric measurement once every two days. Larvae were fed Four times a day at a rate of 25% of their body weight. The average temperature estimation was 22.5±0.5 centigrade, pH .of water being 85±0.1 while Oxygen proved to be 9.58±0.2 mg/l. At the end of the observation, the profile fatty acids of the remains were studied. The growth factors, the mouth size of the larvae and the expansion of the mouth size compared to the total length of the larvae during the whole observation were inspected. Credibility of data designated was examined by Shapiro Wilks test. Specific growth rate (SGR), weight growth (WG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were contemplated by one-way analysis test, and significant difference Tukey's test. The most notable diversity was evident between treatment 2, whose indicative factors were in the following order: 4.65± 0.06, 45.18±0.66, 4/48 ± 0/07 and treatment 4 whose indicative factors showed the following results: 10.47±0.04, 124.42±0.62, 1.51±0/008.For the determination of fatness rate and weight gains, Kruskal Valis and Man vit ni test were used .In this part of study , the highest diversity fatness appeared to be between treatment 4 ,reflecting 0.79±0.07 and treatment 2 showing the result 0.62±0.05.The highest gain was related to treatment 4, whit the rate of 99.33±0/68 mgr and the lowest gain occurred in treatment 2 white the rate 62.36 ± 0.65 mgr. This study also revealed that, the survival ratio connected with treatments 3 and 4, compared treatments 1 and 2, were significantly different. The profile of fatty acids also showed much higher percentage of PUFA and HUFA in treatments 3 and 4, than those in other treatments. Furthermore Brachionus calyciflorus proved to be a proper food supply for larvae. Therefore by building suitable pools next to the work side, other kinds of species fresh water rotifer could also be used as food improvements for feeding larvae.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Caspian Sea ; Brachionus calyciflorus ; Acipenser persicus ; Fatty acid ; Larvae culture ; Vitamin C ; Larval survival ; Species ; Mortality ; Feeding ; Artemia ; Cyst ; Ascorbic acid ; Oxygen ; Growth ; SGR ; FCR ; Fresh water
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    Manufacture of artificial diet to feeding of western white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) in larval stages and in comparison with import diet (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25252 | 18721 | 2018-09-07 06:41:06 | 25252 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: For the accomplish of project, nine treatments with three replicate in each treatment, used as follows. Control treatment: Feeding with natural foods (Chaetoceros sp and artemia nauplii) Treatment 1: Feeding with combination of inner artificial diet and natural foods. Treatment 2: Feeding with combination of imported artificial diet and natural foods. Treatment 3: feeding from zoea 1 to mysis 1 with chaetoceros sp and from mysis 1 to pl15 with inner artificial diet. Treatment 4: feeding from zoea 1 to mysis 1 with chaetoceros sp and from mysis 1 to pl15 with imported artificial diet. Treatment 5: feeding from zoea 1 to pl15 with project artificial diet. Treatment 6: feeding from zoea 1 to pl15 with imported artificial diet. Treatment 7: Feeding in zoeal stages with chaetoceros sp and from mysis 1 to pl15 with chaetoceros sp+artemia nauplii+ imported artificial diet. Treatment 8: Feeding in zoeal stages with chaetoceros sp and from mysis 1 to pl15 with chaetoceros sp+artemia nauplii+ project artificial diet. Larvae stocked at a density of 100 nauplii/ L-1 (1000 nauplii in each tank each tank), at the beginning of culture period The results showed that, in treatments 1, 2, 7 and 8 from zoea 1 to pl15, growth indexes were suitable and noticible, and in most treatment better than control treatment. Survival percent, in pl15 in treatment 1, 2, 7 and 8 was more than control treatment, and differention between treatment 1, 2 and 8 in comparision with control treatment was statictically significant (p〈0.05). Survival percent in treatments 5 and 6 from stages zoea 1 to late zoea 3 stage, in comparision with other treatments were lesser, but without statictically significant (p〉0.05). But thereafter, significantly decresed. In treatments 3 and 4 from zoea 1 to late mysis 3 stage, survival percent in comparision with other treatments were suitable, and thereafter, significantly decreased, and with statictically significant with other treatments (p〈0.05). The means of final weight in treatments 1, 3 and 8 was more than control treatment, but without statictically significant (p〉0.05), but in treatment 8, was more than other treatments. The mean of final length between treatments 1, 2, 6, 7, 8 and in comparision with control treatment, were not statistically significant (p〉0.05). But in treatment 2, more than control treatment, and in other treatments less than control treatment.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Larvae culture ; Litopenaeus vannamei ; Imported artificial diet ; Inner microbound artificialdiet ; Feeding ; White shrimp ; Larval stage ; Chaetoceros Sp. ; Artemia nauplii ; Zoea ; Mysis ; Diet
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    Broodstock management, reproduction, cryopreservation in salmonid, genetic management and selective breeding in responsible aquaculture (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25651 | 18721 | 2018-10-14 02:48:20 | 25651 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: This study was conducted to codify the guideline and indexes of broodstock management in salmonid fish and cryopreservation, selective breeding and sex reversal in hatchery to attain responsible aquaculture development. Cryopreservation includes of sperm and egg in term of economic is important in aquaculture. In this report mentioned the type and name of material. All female and sex reversal fish are produced by steroid hormone which mentioned in this report. Selective breeding include individual selection and family selection which could be used for genetic improvement of fish.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Biology ; Management ; Iran ; Broodstock ; Reproduction ; Cryopreservation ; Genetic ; Breeding ; Aquaculture ; Salmonid fish ; Sex reversal ; Hatchery ; Sperm ; Egg ; Female ; Steroid hormones
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    Production of bacterial probiotic from trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) for improvement of immune system and challenge to streptococcosis (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25649 | 18721 | 2018-10-08 08:09:48 | 25649 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: This study was conducted for the first time and the effects of probiotic bacteria isolated from the gut of Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). In the first step, after the purification of the isolated bacteria, probiotic properties in vitro was assessed with injection to healthy fish and challenge with three species of pathogenic bacteria in culture media. The second phase of the bacteria isolated in 5 treatments (log 7, 8 and 9 of the lactic bacteria (LAB), Vibrio sp and Pseudomonas sp) and a control treatment on growth and survival, hematological parameters (RBC and WBC cells), immunology and physiology parameters tested during the 60 days of the above parameters after 30 and 60 days and finally at the end, the final assessment was Streptococcosis resistance in fish. The results showed that the isolated bacteria were able to enhance the growth parameters (weight, feed conversion, feed fat, protein efficiency ratio and specific growth rate) and survival. The results showed that log 8 LAB was significant difference with other treatments and control. When using log 8 LAB and Vibrio, the MCV, MCH and MCHC were decreased with no significant difference. The log 8 has the greatest effect on the amount of liver enzyme (AST), IgM and complement component C3, and had significant difference with other treatments. The challenge examination to Streptococcus iniae showed the highest survival in treatments with log 8 (96.66%), and Vibrio (93.33%) and then subjected to other treatments and control are also the least survival (25.38%). The conclusion of that study is the first probiotic properties of bacteria isolated from trout to changes in quality indicators are in particular the LAB bacteria and the second log 8 of LAB had significant positive of changes development and safety, and the fish are resistanted against Streptococcosis.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Health ; Iran ; LAB ; Rainbow trout ; Growth ; Immune system ; Streptococcosis ; Bacterial ; Oncorhynchus mykis ; Pathogenic ; Survival ; Hematological parameters
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    Extraction‚ purification, identification and amount verification of steroids in Sargassum glaucescens and Padina boergesni algae in Oman Sea (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25642 | 18721 | 2018-10-14 02:40:17 | 25642 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Padina boergesenii is one of the most abundant brown algae distributed in the north of Persian Gulf and Oman Sea. In this study after sampling and preparation of Padina boergesenii by Chroform-Etanol (3-1) solvent and by Methanol has been extract. Separation and purification of the compounds was carried out using thin layer, general and inverse column chromatography, Cephadex and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Structural elucidation of the constituents was based on the data obtained from H-NMR, 13C-NMR, HSQC, HMBC, DEPT and Cephadex LH-20. The steroids compounds separated from above alga were identified as 22dehydrocholesterol (1), cholesterol (2), fucosterol (3), β-sitosterol (4), stigmasterol (5), ostreasterol (6) and two epimer of hyroxyestrol(7), based on their spectral data and from comparison with those previously reported in the literature.
    Keywords: Biology ; Chemistry ; Iran ; Oman Sea ; Persian Gulf ; Brown Algae ; Padina boergesenii ; Steroids compounds ; Extraction ; Purification ; Identification ; Amount verification ; Sargassum glaucescens ; Algae ; Abundant ; Sampling ; Chromatography ; Cephadex ; Dehydrocholesterol ; Cholesterol ; Fucosterol ; β-sitosterol ; Stigmasterol ; Ostreasterol
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    The feasibility of Gamasiab river area fish farming of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25665 | 18721 | 2018-10-14 03:04:11 | 25665 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: This study was carried out about 15 months to determine suitable locations for the development of aquaculture across the Gamasiab river of Hamedan province in 2007 - 2008. Physicochemical parameters and macro benthic invertebrates fauna 15 and 13 stations respectively every 45 days and seasonally fish identify in 8 stations were performed according standard methods. The average water temperature was 12.8±3.7 oC, minimum and maximum dissoled oxygen were 2.6 and 12.5 mg/lit respectively during the study. The pH range was between 7.5-8.8 , the minimum and maximum Ec was 250 and 750 µmos/cm in Mehr and Tir. The transparency range was recorded about 1-103 F.T.U. The uder factors such as amount of suspended materials: 0.01-0.1 mg/l, amount of BOD5: 0.05-6.2 mg/l and COD: 30 (minimum) and 70.57 (maximum) were recorded. The total solids material (T.S.S) were less than 1 mg/lit. Totally 37 groups of bentic organisms were identified which 11 groups of them were appertained to pollution sensitive orders containing Ephemeroptera, Trichoptera and Plecoptera. During fish population studied 21 species belonging 5 family were identified. Based on obtained results of biological, ecological, economic and social parameters, 10 sites in 7 areas were suitable identified for fish rearing and 12 aquaculture programs (10 plan for fish rearing and 2 plan for increasing fish production of (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The minimum and maximum production capacity in mentioned places was estimated about 1675 and 3850 tons respectively.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Hamedan province ; Gamasiab river ; Feasibility ; Complexes of fish farms ; Biotic and Abiotic factors ; Oncorhynchus mykiss ; Rainbow trout
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    The production of plant protein diet, and determination of their effects on western white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) growth indexes at earthen ponds (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25784 | 18721 | 2018-10-13 08:36:54 | 25784 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: The effects of one diet contain of 42 percent soybean meal (experimental treatment with 38 percent crude protein) in comparison with commercial diet (control treatment with 39 percent crud protein) at 6 earthen ponds, each one with the area of 0.4 ha, ( 2 treatments and 3 replicates in each treatment) on growth indexes of western white shrimp (Litopenaeusvannamei) was determined. The initial weight of post larvae was 0.008±0.001g, with density of 25 ind/m^2 . The mean of culture periode in the experimental treatment and control treatment was 115 dayes, The mean of growth rate (GR) in the experimental treatment and control treatment was 15.70±0.88g and 15.60±0.52 g, respectively and significant statistically difference was between those (p〈0.05). The food conversion ratio (FCR), in the experimental treatment and control treatment was 1.80 ±0.08g and 1.76±0.06 g, respectively, and significant statically difference was between those (p〈0.05). Specific growth rate (SGR) in the experimental treatment and control treatment was 2.38 ±0.03 percent and 2.38 ±0.04 percent, respectively and significant statically difference was between those (p〈0.05). The average daily weight gain (ADG), in the experimental treatment and control treatment was 0.136 ±0.007g and 0.135±0.004 g respectively, and no significant statistically difference was between those (p〉0.05).The net protein utilization (NPU) in the experimental treatment and control treatment was 17.05 ±0.38 percent and 11.80±0.26 percent respectively, and significant statistically difference was between those (p〈0.05). The yield of shrimp in experimental treatment and control treatment was 2853.58 ±64.14 kg/ha and 2864.83±168.57kg/ha respectively, and significant statistically difference was between those (p〈0.05). The survival in the experimental treatment and control treatment was 91 ±1.78 percent and 92±2.41 percent, and no significant statically difference was between those (p〉0.05).The amount of diet consumption, in the experimental treatment and control treatment was 5144±112.23 kg and 5055±59.77 kg respectively, and significant statistically difference was between those (p〈0.05). The price of 1 kg of plant diet and commercial diet computed 34.000 rials and 43.000 rials respectively. In the shrimp body analysis, crude protein percent, in the experimental treatment was more than control treatment and significant statistically difference was computed between those (p〈0.05). Totally, the use of plant protein for the feeding of L.vannamei in the earthen pond, can decrease the cost of plant diet, 20 percent lower than commercial diet.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Plant diet ; Commercial diet ; L.vannamei ; Earthen Pond ; Growth indexes ; Litopenaeus vannamei ; Protein ; Diet ; Western white shrimp
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    Feasibility study of Tehran province water resources for fish production – Phase 1: Salehabad Qanat (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25793 | 18721 | 2018-10-13 08:12:04 | 25793 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: This feasibility study carried out in response to request of Tehran Province Fisheries Management, in order to Qanat Salehabad water assessment for aquaculture relataed purposes in Tehran Municipality – Regions 19 & 20. During 6 monthes between May – October 2011 in 3 sampling stations by 3 replicates investigations executed. Physic-chemical, Heavy methals, organochloro-organophosphore pesticides and microbial nominated parameters analysed in reference to Iran national and international standards as well, resulted an overall assessment on quality and quantity of Qanat water for aquaculture purposes. Results expressed station 1 in all studied seasons can be develop for fisheries warmwater applications and in cold seasons (September-March) fisheries coldwater relevant activities can be consider. Stations No 2 & 3 known as infeasible for fisheries applications but would be recommend for agriculture rrigation. According to the results, possibility of developing live fish shopping centers (Cold – warmwatetr fishes) between station 1 and before crossing the Qanat flow and Behesht-e-Zahra freeway is considerable, indeed water rights could be negotiate between Tehran Municipality and Tehran province Fisheries Bureo. Also application of feasible anti microbial filters and other minimum limitation parameters control is necessary before leading Qanat water flow into proposed live fish shop. And suitable septic tank is recommended at the outlet of proposed fisheries units. Monitoring of nominated physic-chemical & microbial parameters during operation of fisheries unites highly recommended.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Tehran province ; Salehabad ; Qanat ; Aquaculture ; Fisheries ; Fish ; Physicochemical ; Heavy metals
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    Trout farms and other human activities effects on Cheshmehkileh river ecosystem in Tonekabon (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25792 | 18721 | 2018-10-13 08:54:26 | 25792 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Cheshmehkileh River and adjacent mountainous streams, play a strategic role as a historical axis for anthropogenic civilization, human welfare also habitat and migration pathway of commercial – biologic valuable fishes e.g. Caspian trout, Caspian kuttum, members of Cyprinidae family in south Caspian Sea drainage. Treats such as overfishing of Caspian trout and Red spotted trout stocks in mountainous headwaters, barriers construction and manipulations those are out of river carrying capacity developed by human activities, affected normal function of river as well. Sand mining big factories establishment next to the river, legal and illegal trade of river sediments, direct entry of Tonekabon landfill leakage into the river, development of Rainbow trout farms since 3 decades and huge effluents into the river containing dead fish and types of solids, escapement of cultured Rainbow trouts into the river, … are major minimum factors which needs basic information for integrating inclusively drainage management system. Cheshmehkileh River contains Headwaters of Dohezar (Daryasar & Nusha), Sehezar and Valamroud rivers during 13 monthly sampling phases between September 2009 and October 2010 based on macrozoobenthoses investigations by EPT, EPT/C EPA protocols, measurements of nominated physic-chemical and microbiologic parameters. Probability of Rainbow trouts escapement and invasion, existence, nutrition in Cheshmehkileh environment indeed investigated. Data analysis explained significant differences (P〈0.05) between groups of measured parameters in different sampling stations. Dendogram of clustered analysis based on consolidation of major biologic/ physic-chemical and microbiologic parameters, separated stations No. 1, 3, 2, 4 in one group and remained classified in different groups. Station 8 and 9 similarly separated which expressed general similarities according to Sehezar river environment which were differs in comparison with other stations. Station 11 separated according to its natural quality of water and environment. Similarities between station 10 to Sehezar river stations 8 and 9 expressed general influence of Sehezar River more than Dohezar River in Cheshmehkileh condition especially in station No. 10. High scores of EPT and EPT/C indices in upstream stations 1, 3 and 8 also low score of indices in stations 7, 13 and 6 expressed levels of environment quality between these groups of stations. Maximum average biomass of macroinvertebrates belongs to Trichoptera order in Cheshmehkileh River. Significant decrease of biomass in stations 11, 12 and 13 in comparison with other stations stated environment degradation in mentioned stations relevant to excessive sand mining as well. Pollution resistant groups of invertebrates significantly increased in downstreams against upstream stations. Also disappearing of Plecoptera order in station No. 7, 9, 10 and 13 stated low quality of environment in comparison with upstream stations. Confirmation of effects quality and quantity for point and non-point sources of imported pollutants require specific management considerations in order to present exploitations, pollutants control and emergencies for river monitoring in forthcoming years.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Management ; Iran ; Tonekabon ; Cheshmehkileh ; River ; Pollution ; Aquaculture ; EPTC ; Assessment ; Macroinvertebrates ; Chemistry ; Microbiology
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    A study on methanol extract of garlic (Allium sativum) on immunity level of Mugil cephalus larvae (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25795 | 18721 | 2018-10-13 08:20:21 | 25795 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: This experiment was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of different levels of Garlic (Allium sativum) methanol extract on the growth performances (final weight (FW), daily growth ratio (DGR), feed conversion rate (FCR), voluntary feed intake (VFI) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) and some of hematological parameters (hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), red blood cell (RBC) and white blood cell (WBC) of grey mullet (Mugil cephalus). The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with 360 of larvae (with an average weight of 0.75±0.03g) in 4 treatments: control group without using Echinacea extract, another group (treatment 2, 3 and 4) the amounts of this extract were 50,100 and 200 g/kg food. The highest FW (4.22±0.11g), DGI (1.72±0.50%) and the lowest FCR (0.95±0.05) and VFI (1.77±0.05%), were observed in treatment 4. But treatment 4 in all of these growth parameters did not show a significant difference compared with treatment 3 (P〉 0.05). After 60 days, treatments 3 and 4, showed significantly higher RBC, WBC, Hb and Hct than those fed the control diet. Finally, the present results suggest that diet containing 100 and 200 g kg-1 extract could improve growth and hematological parameter of M. cephalus.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Health ; Iran ; Mugil cephalus ; Allium sativum ; Methanol extract ; Growth yield ; Hematological parameters ; Immunity ; Larvae
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    Evaluation of the immunity factors (THC, TPP, PO, SOD, POD) of shrimp fed with the algae Gracilaria corticata compared to shrimp fed without algae and exposed to white spot virus (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25807 | 18721 | 2018-10-13 10:13:41 | 25807 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: White spot disease (WSD) is one of the shrimp deadliest viral diseases that causes heavy losses on all shrimp of Penaeid family. Most invertebrates are lacking adaptive immune system and its defense is the innate immune system that is as cellular and humoral, but a like immune system against white spot virus in shrimp was been detected. In this research, control and prevention of white spot disease in shrimp using algae Gracilaria corticata, investigated. About 300 vannamei shrimp were divided to 4 groups and fed by normal pellet and algae extract in 14 days. At the end of the fourteenth day half of the shrimp were challenged with acute white spot virus. After the fourteenth day in the days 0, 3, 9, 18 and 25 sampling were done from the hemolymph of survived shrimps and survival and immune factors were evaluated. Based on results, in the challenge test, shrimps that fed with algae extract has a significant survival rate than shrimp fed with commercial diet. Increased the Immune Factors from day one to day 25 observed during the test. Greatest amount of Immune Factors THC, TPP, SOD, POD and PO in T1 group were observed in day 25 of tests. This situation was also true for group2 (T2), but its rate significantly was less than group 1(T1).
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Health ; Iran ; Evaluation ; Immunity factors ; THC ; TPP ; PO ; SOD ; POD ; Shrimp ; Algae ; Gracilaria corticata ; White spot virus
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    Review on saprolegniasis in propagation and cultivation of cold water fish center emphasis on national and international investigation on prevention, control and treatment (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25816 | 18721 | 2018-10-13 10:21:41 | 25816 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Saprolegnia sp. is the most important pathogenic fungi in fish. Saprolegnia parasitica, S. diclina, S. ferax and S. hypogina are the most abundance of the fungi that caused saprolegniasis in fish and hatcheries.They have global distributions and their percences were reported from cold water fish farms of the world. It has been amazingly shown, 1 in 10 hatched salmon raised in fish farms die as a result of S. parasitica infection. Saprolegniasis caused mortality not only in cultivated cold water fish but also in wild cold water fish and the disease were killed up to 22% of wild salmon. Up till 2002, Saprolegnia infections in aquaculture were kept under control with malachite green, an organic dye that is very efficient at killing the pathogen. However, the use of malachite green has been banned worldwide due to its carcinogenic and toxicological effects and this has resulted in a dramatic re-emergence of Saprolegnia infections in aquaculture. The economical losses of Saprolegniasis are so high and many investigations were conducted on identification, virolence and predisposing factors, prevention and control of saprolegniasis in the world. This study has been focused on the last data about ofn physiological characteristic, identification methods, and pathogenicity of Saprolegnia sp., virulence parameters, predisposing factors, prevention and control of saprolegniasis.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Saprolegniasis ; Cold water fish ; Pathogenisithy ; Malachite green ; immunostimulants ; Propagation ; Cultivation
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    Study of Ecology and the potential for exploiting saline surface waters of Fars Province in aquaculture- Dehram River (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25820 | 18721 | 2018-10-13 10:11:10 | 25820 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Aquaculture activity is restricted mainly to rainbow trout in cold waters and carps in warm waters in inland waters of Iran as well as Fars Province. Probably for this reason saline waters of south and southeast Fars have not been used for aquaculture. These rivers are ecosystems with a diverse biota, it is predictable that can be found some there endemic aquatic organisms with a potential for aquaculture. Finding a suitable organism can help increase wise use of this natural resource, and local production and recruitment. However, it is highly needed to investigate various environmental elements prior to any use to obtain an estimation of the environmental consequences, parallel to finding usage potentials. In This study, we investigated Dehram saline river in south of Fars Province. Hydrological and physiographical properties, chemical composition of the river, and aquatic populations were sampled and measured monthly in 3 stations in one year. Salinity, electrical conductivity, and total dissolved solids increased from station 1 to 3, reaching from 6.6 g/L, 14.3 g/L, and 12800 µs/cm to 13.5 g/L, 17.7 g/L, and 16500 µs/cm, respectively. Dissolved oxygen and oxygen saturation were higher in station 3, and in autumn and winter. Nitrite showed lowest values in winter (0.006 mg/L) and highest values in spring (0.013 mg/L). Nitrate showed the lowest concentration in station 3 (0.43 mg/L), but no differences were seen among seasons. Ammonium showed no differences among stations or seasons. Phosphate levels in station 1 and 3 were 0.13 mg/Lto 0.17 mg/L, with the highest level (0.29 mg/L) seen in the spring. Five species of fishes were identified in the river, which all were widely favored by local people. Some of these have been categorized as edible in previous studies, others as ornamental. On the other hand, intensive growth of an algal species throughout the river demonstrates a potential for algal cultivation. Significant role of algae in production of food for both man and livestock is now well recognized in aquaculture industry.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Iran ; Fars Province ; Dehram River ; Limnology ; Saline water ; Physico-chemical parameters ; Aquaculture
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    Investigation of chromosome and ploidy levels of rainbow trout produced from imported eyed eggs (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25825 | 18721 | 2018-10-13 10:43:05 | 25825 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Rainbow trout is the main cultural species of coldwater fishes in iran. Often, aquaculturists intend to breeding in order to production of lines with higher growth rate potential and disease resistant. Nevertheless in the country, no trout breeding programs, has been performed yet and most of the farms focused on the cultivation of the first (unbred) race. While European countries progressed in trout breeding techniques and production lines with higher growth through genetic manipulation (chromosomal number and type changes of fish) and/or selection and their fish products derived from this technology, including eyed eggs and so on have sold to other regions of the world (eg: Iran). In this study, some biological parameters including survival, growth, feed conversion ratio (FCR.) and chromosomal number of two juvenile groups from imported( group 1) and native(group 2) eyed fish eggs were compared. For chromosomal investigation, blood smear test and flow cytometry were performed. sults showed a significant difference (P≤5%) in growth rate of native fishes and French group Native fish feed conversion ratio (0.9) was significantly difference (P≤5%) from that of French fishes (1.15). Chromosomal analysis showed no difference in chromosome number in treatments and two fish groups were 2n chromosome. Based on the results, the fishes of group 1 had faster grow potential and gain weight in less time than that of group 2 and this has been achieved to go through the process of selection and feminization without any change in number of ploidy. Whereas the ability of native fishes in food efficiency ( lower FCR.) was better. However, the reduction of rearing period is the benefit and preference of cultivation of imported or origionally foreign.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Biology ; Iran ; Imported eyed egg ; Native fish ; Ploidy level ; Growth ; Rainbow trout ; Chromosome ; Species ; Breeding ; FCR
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    Induction of population triploid-interploid in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mikiss) using by indirect (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25827 | 18721 | 2018-10-13 10:47:16 | 25827 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Induced polyploidy is a suitable tool for producing sterile fish which made commercial benefits in the aquaculture industry. This study carried out in order to produce triploid-interploid population via mating tetraploid female with diploid male rainbow trout. Heat shock was used for making tetraploid population and the best temperature and induction time were examined. Result showed that highest mortality from 1 day after fertilization to emerging were in groups 6 of embryos (40.1%) and the lowest were in groups 3 (33 %). Flowcytometry results showed that some fish were polyploidy. Comparative analyze of genome levels in tetraploid fish to control fish (diploid) and hen as standard indicator, confirmed tetraploid fishes in this study. In conclusion we can state that heat shock induction for 7 minutes at 65 hour –degree after fertilization in 28ºC is optimum temperature for inducting tetraploid rainbow trout.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Biology ; Iran ; Sexual development ; Triploid interploid ; Tetraploidy ; Heat shock ; Flow cytometry ; Rainbow trout
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    A Study on necessary infrastructures used for breeding trout in Yasoj region (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25826 | 18721 | 2018-10-13 10:44:36 | 25826 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Rainbow trout is the main cultural species of coldwater fishes in iran. Often, aquaculturists intend to breeding in order to production of lines with higher growth rate potential and disease resistant. Nevertheless in the country, no trout breeding programs, has been performed yet and most of the farms focused on the cultivation of the first(unbred) race. While European countries progressed in trout breeding techniques and production lines with higher growth through genetic manipulation (chromosomal number and type changes of fish) and/or selection and their fish products derived from this technology, including eyed eggs and so on have sold to other regions of the world(eg: Iran). In this study, some biological parameters including survival, growth, feed conversion ratio (FCR.) and chromosomal number of two juvenile groups from imported( group 1) and native(group 2) eyed fish eggs were compared. For chromosomal investigation, blood smear test and flow cytometry were performed. sults showed a significant difference (P≤5%) in growth rate of native fishes and French group Native fish feed conversion ratio (0.9) was significantly difference (P≤5%) from that of French fishes (1.15). Chromosomal analysis showed no difference in chromosome number in treatments and two fish groups were 2n chromosome. Based on the results, the fishes of group 1 had faster grow potential and gain weight in less time than that of group 2 and this has been achieved to go through the process of selection and feminization without any change in number of ploidy. Whereas the ability of native fishes in food efficiency ( lower FCR.) was better. However, the reduction of rearing period is the benefit and preference of cultivation of imported or origionally foreign.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Yasoj ; Genetic ; Rainbow trout ; Plan ; Relationship diagram ; Breeding
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    Study on environmental of Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931) ponds culture with brackish water of Caspian Sea (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25828 | 18721 | 2018-10-13 10:19:08 | 25828 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Different studies on Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931) has performed in Iran, but less noted in water quality conditions. Water quality, in addition to creating optimal environment for the growth of vannamei shrimp, as well as cause the live food production and improve economic performance are produced. This study was conducted to evaluate the water quality environment vannamei shrimp in the south of Caspian Sea (Mazandaran province) and in the Caspian Ecology Research Center. The results showed that the enrichment of water out of the ponds, can provide favorable conditions for water quality in the culture of vannamei shrimp with different densities. As a result, Mazandaran province environmental conditions (particularly temperature and salinity of the Caspian Sea) has perfectly suited for optimal growth vannamei shrimp. Therefore, vannamei shrimp (PL12) achieved a final individual weight of 21.1gr in a period culture of 85-day with a density of 35 ind/m^2. Also, The nutrients and water quality parameters (Temperature: 27.4±1.79 ° C, Transparency: 10.7±1.2 cm, Salinity: 10.57±0.78 psu, pH: 8.42±0.38, Dissolved Oxygen 8.04±1.35 mg per liter) were within normal limits during the culture period.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Ecology ; Environment ; Iran ; Caspian Sea ; Mazandaran Province ; Whiteleg shrimp ; Litopenaeus vannamei ; Salinity ; Physicochemical ; Shrimp
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    Economic and social assessment of fish farming in cages in the southern Caspian Sea (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25830 | 18721 | 2018-10-13 10:49:04 | 25830 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: This study aimed to assess the social, economic and fish farming in cages in the Southern Caspian Sea. The Caspian Sea is considered as one of the most important water resources of Iran, in which due to the appropriate weather conditions in the north of the country, has the potential for marine aquaculture. With the implementation of this plan would say that with respect to the proposed initial selection from Kheshtsar in Mazandaran province and Kiashahr in Guilan province with along coastline of about 250 km from the depth of 20 to 100 meters and an the area of about 2027km^2 has the cage aquaculture talent. Of course, at the depths of greater than 100 M by using the world technology procedure, there is also the possibility of the establishment of marine cage aquaculture. Now, with the regards of the above potential in the Caspian Sea coastline, it is expected at least 200 cages fish sites farming in with the establishment of 40 cages per site and produce 160,000 tons with creating of 1,000 direct jobs and 2,000 indirect jobs and income 2000 billion gross annual average net profit of 40% could be 800 billion in which will produce of proteins needed part of the country, creating jobs, welfare, prosperity and economy in the region. With the implementation of such national project, it is needed to establish pilot farms to reach the goals: environmental assessment studies, risk assessment, aquatic selection and the use of appropriate cage structures according to ecological conditions of southern Caspian Sea.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Caspian Sea ; Mazandaran Province ; Guilan Province ; Cage ; Economic activity ; Profitability ; Rainbow trout ; Ecological conditions
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    Environmental impact assessment for Indian carp introduction to Azadegan fish pond (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25831 | 18721 | 2018-10-13 10:23:41 | 25831 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Azadegan aquaculture site is located 25 km south of Ahvaz in southern of Khuzestan plain. Primary study of Azadegan aquaculture site was done in 1992 with the aim of developing feasibility of warm water aquaculture and the second phase was done in 1996-1998 by Mohandesin Moshaver Pandam. Now, cyprinus carpio, Hypophthalmichthys nobilis, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Ctenopharyngodon idella), Barbus grypus) and Mesopotamichthys sharpeyi rear in this site. Considering special traits of Indian carps such as different level of production in earth pool, diet diversity, and more favorability for consumers, possibility of alternation with common carps, adaptability, growth and maturity in Khuzestan climate, this species can increase the efficiency of Khuzestan aquaculture industry as one of the poles of production in country. In this study the environmental impact assessment of the region was done because of the importance of Shadegan wetland as receiving waste area. Leopold matrix was used for assessment and quantifying environmental impacts of India carp aquaculture. Identification and prediction of effects were done based on the matrix. In using phase, 101 effects were identified which 34 were negative and 67 were positive. 18.8 percentage of effects were physic-chemical, 25.7% was biologic and ecologic and 55.5% was in socio-economic environment. In the operation phase, from all of the anticipated effects in physic-chemical environment 5 effects were positive and 14 effects were negative and in ecologic-biologic environment 17 effects were negative and 9 effects were positive. In socio-economic environment from 56 effects 3 were negative and 53 were positive. In order to summarizing the scores in environmental impact assessment matrix, final scores concluded from weighted scores of different environments including physic- chemical, ecological-biological and socio- economic environments. These scores showed that physical activities will have negative effects due to sewage production and negative effect on water resources. However, because of positive effects in socio-economic and ecologic environments, the final score in +83 that shows general result will be positive especially in economic and social environment. Due to the positive effects of the project on the economic and social conditions such as improving living conditions, creating job opportunities due to culturing this species and changing patterns of employment, increasing income levels at local, provincial and even national scale, increasing the price of land, supporting lateral and related industries, including hatcheries, fish-producing industries, manufacturing and processing industries and conversion, marketing and export, as well as the pharmaceutical industry (veterinary drugs), education development of specialized human resources and its role in the development of aquaculture projects in compliance with the recommendations of management and control is permitted.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Environment ; Iran ; Khuzestan province ; Ahvaz ; Impact Assessment ; Indian carp ; Fish pond ; Aquaculture ; Cyprinus carpio ; Hypophthalmichthys nobilis ; Hypophthalmichthys molitrix ; Ctenopharyngodon idella ; Barbus grypus
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    Survey of potential adaptation (ion- osmotic) rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fingerling with Caspian Sea water (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25833 | 18721 | 2018-10-13 10:28:58 | 25833 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: This study aimed to determine domain the adaptability of rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss) fingerlings in fresh water up to 20 per thousand (grams per liter) for providing facilities for growing this valuable species in the aquatic environment with salinity unconventional been completed. For this purpose the biochemical, bloody and physiologic parameters rainbow trout were studied to determine the adjustment range .Fingerlings fishes from cold water fish farm in the province Mazandran were prepared and for experiments were transferred to the Ecological Institute of Caspian Sea . Fingerlings with an average weight 31.56 ± 0. 07 SE g and average fork length 13.80 ± 0.15 SE cm, in 3 treatments in water with salinities (fresh, 13 and 20 grams per thousand) with a density of 15 numbers in polyethylene to 300-liter tank containing the 250 liters of water testing were introduced. Fresh water from Tajan rivers and water psu13 from the water Caspian Sea and water psu20 by mixing water the Caspian Sea and Sea salt was prepared . The daily amount to 50 percent of the of water tankss been replaced .During the experimental period was for 7 days and were not fed during the experiment.The water parameters was measured during the experiment included 6 ppm dissolved oxygen, pH equal to 8.2 and temperature 15.5 ° C . In the experimental period were not observed Losses in the experimental groups . The results showed that fish gill and kidney introduced in different salinities by making appropriate changes in chloride cells in the gills through increasing the number and the volume of these cells at the base of secondary blades and tubules in the kidney tubules to create greater interior space, are adapted to By changing salinity. Relatively parameters osmolarity, sodium, chloride, magnesium, cortisol, calcium, hematocrit, hemoglobin, number of red blood and white cells in water saltier than freshwater environment was higher (0.05〈 p, Duncan). Changes in hematological and blood plasma ionic parameters and vital organs Fingerlings indicates a willingness adaptability and the ability physiological adaptation fingerling was consistent with changes to environmental salinity brackish water .So, the factors measured with increasing salinity the uptrend that the range of variation for the osmolarite 449-281 mOsmol kg, for sodium, chloride, magnesium, cortisol, respectively, 211- 151, 165121, 3/3 7/0, 87. 53 mmol and the calcium 22-13 mg per dL. The measured values for hematocrit 32.2- 38.8%, hemoglobin 6.2 - 8.6 g per deciliter and the red and white blood cells, was respectively, 1.2-1.7×106 and the 15.6 -18.9×103.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Biology ; Iran ; Caspian Sea ; Adaptation ; Rainbow trout ; Gills ; Kidney ; Survey ; Oncorhynchus mykiss ; Fingerlings
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    Determination of effective parameters on growth and bloom forming of Cochlodinium polykrikoides (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25834 | 18721 | 2018-10-13 10:51:04 | 25834 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Although the most alga blooms usually provide positive impacts on marine ecosystems, but blooming of certain species of algae may also have negative impacts which evidence suggests that over the past few decades the frequency and duration of Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) have been increasing both nationally and worldwide. Harmful algal blooms of Cochlodinium polykrikoides in the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea were first observed in 2008. In order to provide optimum growth and bloom forming, C. polykrikoides cells were sampled during the bloom conditions in the coastal waters of Bandar Abbass, Qeshm and Hourmoz Islands from March 2012 to June 2015. After sampling, the samples transferred to Persian Gulf and Oman Sea Ecological Research Institute phytoplankton Lab and adapted to filtered seawater. In Phycolab, they isolated and purified by positive phototropism characteristic of species to light. They were grown in modified media culture at different salinities (30, 32 and 35ppt), temperatures (20, 23, 26 and 28ºC) and intensities (35, 70 and 90 µmol m^-2s^-1). During this study 3 Dinoflagellates species were identified in Hormozgan Coastal waters. The first species was Noctiluca scintillans. This species was alive in F/4 media culture and under the 32ppt salinity, 25°C temperature, and an 11h light: 13h dark photoperiod regime only for 4 months. The second species was Protoperidinium quinquecorne and produced temporal blooms that could not be isolated under usual and modified media cultures. The last Dinoflagellates species that caused spreading blooms in Hormozgan Coastal waters and could be possible to isolate was Cochlodinium polykrikoides. The results clearly showed that the best media culture for growth of this species is A2 and the highest alga biomass was obtained following culture under the 32ppt salinity, 26°C temperature, and under an 11h light: 13h dark photoperiod regime at a light intensity of 90 µmol m^-2s^-1 provided by cool white fluorescent tubes. Maximum cell density of C. polykrikoides in a 5 liter Erlenmeyer for 12 days reached to 1.6 × 106 cell L^−1 with 2-12 and occasionally to 16 cells chain. Based on the results from the present study, providing suitable media culture and physical condition, bloom forming of C. polykrikoides start from day 8 and will be continued until day 24.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Health ; Iran ; Persian Gulf ; Harmful algal bloom ; Isolation ; Dinoflagellates ; Growth ; Cochlodinium polykrikoides
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    Eutrophication trend of southeast Caspian Sea water (Mazandaran-Goharbaran) based on environmental and biotic parameters using single and multiple variables in order to feasibility of marine cage culture (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25839 | 18721 | 2018-10-13 10:48:08 | 25839 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: The aim of this project is to study water quality and the trophic status at different months and depths in the southeast Caspian Sea-Goharbaran based on environmental parameters and nutrients during 2013-2014 in order the feasibility of fish cage culture. Results showed that water temperature, transparency, pH, dissolved oxygen, BOD5, COD, total alkalinity and TSS were varied 9.00-29.00C, 0.50-12.00 m, 8.05-8.74, 5.76-12.85, 14-101, 21-195 and 0.00-0.12 mg/l at the different months and depths, respectively. In addition, the values of NH^4+, NH_3, NO^2-, NO^3- and PO^4-3 were 0.007-0.051, 0.001-0.010, 0.002-0.015, 0.043-0.477 and 0.014-0.077 mg/l, respectively. Chl-a concentration was recorded as 0.060-8.02 mg/l. Scaled and unscaled trophic indices were equal to 3.42-5.52 and 2.61-5.85, respectively. The proper temperature for cultivation of salmonids species in this area began from October to March. The range of the standard of pH and dissolved oxygen level for fish farming cage were 7.80-8.50 and 〉5 mg /l that in current study results of pH and dissolved oxygen which were consistent in the current study. Various forms of nitrogen (ammonium, nitrite and nitrate ) at the different layers were acceptable and less than the threshold limit of Australia and New Zealand. The results of the nutrients concentrations compared with data from the reference years (1996-1996 ) in the Caspian Sea (Goharbaran region) showed that this ecosystem passed from oligotrophic status and shifted to mezotrophic and eutrophic condition. As a conclusion, although nutrients concentrations were acceptable in terms of fish farming cages in this region, some parameters such as chemical oxygen demand and transparency are not suitable for aquaculture industry. Meanwhile, based on various trophic levels, this ecosystem (Gohrabaran region) has a mezotrophic status with a high risk of eutrophication.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Caspian Sea ; Goharbaran ; Physico-chemical parameters ; Water ; Fish cage culture ; Temperature ; Transparency ; pH ; Dissolved oxygen
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    Study on feasibility of rearing integrated native fish of Shizotorax zarudnyi with chianies carp on Sistan area (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25254 | 18721 | 2018-09-07 07:13:59 | 25254 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Present study carried out in 6 earthen ponds (3500 m^2 each) at the Zahak fish propagation and cultivation center. In July 2005 ponds were prepared and stocked with 1100 fish specimens with 40 g average weight. Stocking normative in two ponds (1 and 4) were 220 common carp, 110 grass carp, 715 silver carp, and 55 big head specimens. In the next two ponds (5 and 6) common carp reduced to 50% and Shizotorax zarudnyi was replaced. In the rest two ponds (7 and 8) common carp reduced to zero and totally replaced with Shizotorax zarudnyi. Manure and inorganic fertilizer were used during cultivation period. Carp was fed by concentrated food and grass carp was fed by alfalfa. At the end of the cultivation period (16 months) mean weights of common carp, grass carp, silver carp, big head, and Shizotorax zarudnyi reached 1201 g, 1572 g, 313 g, 486 g, 531 g respectively. Mean daily growth were 2.41 g, 3.19 g, 0.56 g, 0.92 g, 1 g respectively. Survival rate during cultivation period were 97.57%, 68.3%, 94%, 85.45%, 46.85% respectively. Biological parameters were recorded once a month. Other chemical and physical parameters such as air and water temperatures, oxygen, pH, twice per day and factors such as nitrite, nitrate, Ammoniac, transparency, salinity and phosphate were measured and recorded once per week. During cultivation period average pH was 7-10.34, water temperature was 0.5-33 °C, transparency was 12-115cm, salinity was 1.1-5 mg/l, oxygen was 2-10 mg/l, nitrite was 0.86-0.16 mg/l, nitrate was 0.06- 2.21 mg/l, and phosphate was 0.1-1.8 mg/l. Average total yields in the ponds 1 and 4 with standard normative for the region were 554, and 623 kg. In the ponds 5 and 6 with 50% Shizotorax zarudnyi were 514 and 518 kg, and in the ponds 7 and 8 with total Shizotorax zarudnyi replacement were 533 and 386 kg.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Sistan region ; Fish culture ; Poly-culture ; Shizotorax zarudnyi ; Earthen ponds ; Specimen ; Common carp ; Grass carp ; Silver Carp ; Fertilizer ; Survival rate ; Transparency ; Salinity ; Temperature ; Nitrite ; Nitrate ; Ammoniac ; Tehran ; Iran
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    Identification and density determination of juvenile fishes in Khouzestan coastal waters (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25266 | 18721 | 2018-09-07 07:35:16 | 25266 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Aquatic animals possess specific biological characteristics and lifecycle. Without knowing about their biology and complete lifecycle, planning about their conservation cannot be effective. Following the previous studies on fish larvae in Khuzestan coastal waters this study was done to determination catch composition and density of juvenile fishes in Khuzestan coastal waters during 2007 to 2008. Studied area included two main fisheries ground, Lifeh-Busafe in west and Bahrekan in east coasts. Monthly random sampling was carried out by using shrimp trawl net with Akhtar vessel. Juvenile fish's means the fishes that completed their larval cycle and are look like their parents but have not been matured yet. The catch mean, biomass, CPUA and the stock size of different species were estimated by using Swept Area Method. Totally 101485 caught fishes included 38 families and 63 species. The most abundant trawled fishes were Thryssa vitriostris Leiognathus bindus Ilisha melastoma Penahia macrophthalmus and Johnius belangerii .These five species contain about 80 %, the species Arius dussumieri and Cynoglossus arel 4.5% and 3.2 % respectively and the others 12% of total caught fishes. In the east coasts the species L. bindus I. melastoma T. vitriostris P. macrophthalmus and in the west coasts the species P. macrophthalmus T. vitriostris J. belangerii and I.melastoma were the most abundant. Among 63 identified fish species , juvenile fishes of 23 species were observed which contain 26.4 % of total caught fishes .the fishes Arius dussumieri and Acantopagrus latus 100%, Liza subviridis, Leiognathus lineolatus and Triacantuhus biaculeatus more than 80 % and Pomadasys stridens Lagocephalus inermis Saurida tumbil and Thryssa vitrirostris more than 50 % were observed as juvenile stage. The most abundant juvenile fishes were T. vitrirostris L. bindus and Arius dussumieri respectively. The maximum (1852 kg/km^2) and the minimum (165 kg/km^2) values of CPUA were estimated in west coasts in July and December respectively. The maximum (2677 kg/km^2) and the minimum (153 kg/km^2) values of CPUA were estimated in east coasts in June and August respectively. The biomass showed a distinct peak in June and July in east and west coasts respectively. The highest diversity index in east (2/22) and west (2.36) coasts were obtained in July. In present study the number of identified fishes is more than previous studies. Juvenile fishes spend their sensitive period of lifecycle in Khuzestan coastal waters. After growing in late spring, fish larvae enter to the juvenile stage and select this productive area as nursery ground. Increasing of juvenile fishes in July is accordance with their reproduction season in studied area. The east coasts are deeper than the west and there are some differences in hydrological characteristics due to discharging of the rivers Bahmanshir and Arvandrood in west coasts. The peaks of abundance in east and west coasts were observed with a clear time interval. The higher CPUA in east coasts can be caused due to gradual migration of juvenile fishes from west to east during cold season.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Biology ; Iran ; Persian Gulf ; Khuzestan coastal waters ; Bahrekan ; Bahmanshir River ; Arvandrood River ; Juvenile fishes ; Bottom trawl ; Catch composition ; Biomass ; Aquatic ; Larvae ; Density ; Sampling ; CPUA ; Species ; L. bindus ; I. melastoma ; T. vitriostris ; P. macrophthalmus ; J. belangerii ; Migration ; Coastal waters ; Identification
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    The effect of different dietary and bed treatments on earthworm (Eisenia fetida) for aquaculture (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25272 | 18721 | 2018-09-07 08:25:12 | 25272 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: This experiment conducted to evaluate the effect of different dietary and bed treatments on earthworm (Eisenia fetida) for aquaculture. Concurrent with initial proliferation of earthworms, a pilot experiment also performed. In pilot experiment that conducted to become familiar with specialty and requirements of Eisenia fetida earthworms, lasted 4 months. The pilot treatments were including: 1) cow manure with covering its surface (control group), 2) cow manure (C.M.) without covering its surface, 3) C.M.+ 5% wind sand, 4) C.M.+30% saw dust, 5) urban compost, 6) C.M.+20% alfalfa meal, 7) C.M.+ 20% wheat bran and 8) C.M.+20% rice bran. After initial proliferation of earthworms and performing a pilot experiment, two trials designed. The first trial performed in outdoor environment, inside the plots dugged in the earh, with six treatments. The treatments were including: 1) cow manure(control group), 2) cow manure (C.M.) with vertical ventilation, 3) C.M.+ 30% saw dust (S.D.), 4) C.M.+30% S.D. with vertical ventilation, 5) urban compost+20% C.M. and 6) urban compost+40% C.M. The experiment lasted 6 months. In the end of trial in every plot, from 4 points, sampling for number of mature and immature earthworms, cocoons and the weight of earthworms were measured. The second trial performed in greenhouse by using wooden boxes. In this trial the treatments were including: 1) C.M. as control group, 2) C.M.+30% S.D., 3) C.M.+30% S.D.+ 10% alfalfa meal, 4) C.M.+30% S.D.+10% wheat bran, 5) C.M.+30% S.D.+10% rice bran, 6) C.M.+30% S.D.+10% soil, 7) C.M.+30% S.D.+5% fine sand, 8) C.M.+ 30% S.D.+1% lime powder and 9) C.M.+30% S.D.+200 ppm ammonium nitrate. Every treatment performed in 3 replicates. The earthworms reared in controlled condition for moisture and temperature, for about 4 months. The pH of treatments measured monthly by paper pH meter and by method of solution extraction. In the end of trial the number of mature and immature worms, cocoons and the weight of earthworms in every box were measured and the average weight of every earthworm calculated. The results of pilot experiment showed that covering surface the bed is necessary for maintaining moisture and darkness for earthworms. In wind sand treatment, the bed had sticky and compacted statues and appeared that the earthworms moved and activated difficultly. The saw dust treatment had a wet- spongy environment and the earthworms distributed well in it and their size was larger than control. Urban compost treatment unlike its suitable pH (equal 8), hardly accepted by the earthworms and they stayed in the corner of bed for more than one month. The wheat bran and rice bran treatments, both had sticky texture at the beginning but by spending time, their beds improved. The results of first trial showed the Eisenia fetida earthworms can survive and growth in outdoor environment even in cold season of winter. In this trial the highest total number of eartworms and cocoons and the total weight of earthworms was belong to control group, that had significant difference with the treatments C.M. + 30% S.D., urban compost + 20% C.M. and urban compost + 40% C.M. (p〈0.05). The performing of ventilation in experimental treatments had not significant effect on the number of mature earthworms, total number of earthworms and their total weight compare to control group. The urban compost was not suitable for rearing Eisenia fetida, although addition of 20 and 40 % of cow manure could improve it for usage by the earthworms. The results of second trial showed that, addition of alfalfa powder, wheat bran, rice bran and lime powder to cow manure had not significant effect on the total number and total weight of earthworms compare to control group. The usage of soil in treatment C.M. + 30% S.D. + 10% soil caused significant decrease in number of mature earthworms compare to control group (p〈0.05). The treatments including addition of saw dust and saw dust + fine sand to cow manure increased the number of mature earthworms, cocoons and total weight of earthworms compare to control group significantly (p〈0.05) and treatment of ammonium nitrate caused significant increase in total weight of earthworms (p〈0.05) .
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Diet ; Treatment ; Earthworm ; Eisenia fetida ; Aquaculture ; Dietary ; Ammonium ; Nitrate ; Temperature ; pH ; Mature ; Immature ; Growth
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    Ecological study on rearing shrimp ponds (Litopenaeus vannemei) in Choebdeh Abadan (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25276 | 18721 | 2018-09-07 07:59:49 | 25276 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Following to introduce Vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) into Iran aquaculture industries by fisheries organization its postlarvae were successfully reared in ponds in Bushehr and Choebdeh in Khuzestan. Due to activity of Shrimp site and importance of input and output water quality, this study was done in 11 stations including: two stations in Bahmanshir river, two station in C4 and C5 irrigation canals, six staions in active farms along C4 cannel (Yonesi, Mosavei and Salman Zadeh), and C5 cannel (Mohamadi, Khairi and Ashraf Por) and one staion in output draing were selected. Sampling were carried out from May2009 befor beginning stocking to harvest time in October 2009. Physico- chemical parameters and plankton sampled biweekly and benthic animals and heavy metals were sampled monthly. Some parameters such as pH and temperature by using portable multy parameters and others. Analyzed with standard methods. Heavy metals were measured by plarography method (797 Vamtro). Plankton and benthos samples were studied only in Bahmanshir station. According to results the maximum values for DO (11.1 ppm) PO4 (1.86 ppm) NO3 (8.4 ppm) and TSS (4992 ppm), pH (8.4) NO2 (0.18 ppm) BOD5 (9.06 ppm) were measured. In comparison to aquaculture water quality standards except for TSS in river stations others are located in allowable range. We didn’t observed any main changes in water quality from river to output drainage. The results of biotic parameters in river stations showed that diatoms were the most group of phytoplanktons. Zooplankton groups were Copepods, Rotifera and Protozoa. Tintinids and Nematoda larvae were the most abundant zooplankton. Benthic animals were included nine crustacean species and two annelid species. Isopods with 52% were the most and ant group.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Ecology ; Iran ; Khuzestan Province ; Abadan ; Choebdeh ; Bahmanshir River ; Vannamei shrimp ; Litopenaeus vannamei ; Water quality ; Abadan aquaculture site ; Rearing ; Shrimp ; Ponds ; Sampling ; Plankton ; Heavy metals ; pH ; Temperature ; Benthos ; Phytoplankton ; Zooplankton ; Copepods ; Nematoda larvae
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    Increasing growth rate of Salmo trutta caspius by selection (Phase 1) (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25302 | 18721 | 2018-09-08 16:45:26 | 25302 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: The management of genetically brood stocks of Salmo trutta of Caspian Sea in order to restocking for longe time harvesting and culture of fish in intensive system, has been little investigated, in contrast with European stocks. Salmo trutta Caspius is very important in biological and genetically point of view. This fish as gene bank valid for breeding improvement, hybridization and new cold species for culture, can be used. This study begain in 2007 and lasted 3 years in Bahonar, kelardasht of Iran. The breeders were 27 pairs. Each female have been crossed by 3 male. Eggs and larvae as well as the fingerlings reared separately of each crosses. The best fingerlings of 5, 20 and 100 gram were collected after 3 period of challenge. At the final 300 brood stocks in two groups were remained and stocked for artificial propagation. For heritability estimation in 4 stages sampling the weight and length were measured and it was 0.47 and 0.50 respectively. In case of molecular study the quality of DNA extract from the fin of breeders and their progeny by phenol-chloroform was good for PCR test. The heterosigosity test for Ho and He for each station and sites except for SRUTTA12 and STRUTTA59, the He was greater than Ho. Shaton Index and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for station and sites for male and progenies, the OM24showed deviation from H-W equilibrium. In case of similarity and genetic distance based on Nei (1972), the highest distance were in case of male and female, and were the least between fingerlings and male brood stocks.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Salmo trutta Caspius ; Heritability ; Genetic parameters ; Selection ; Growth rate ; Increasing
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    The effects of slurry on larviculture of Rutilus frisii kutum and chienes carp yield and determination of efficient concentration for increasing of production (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25300 | 18721 | 2018-09-08 16:40:33 | 25300 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Rutilus frisii kutum is one of the important fish of Caspian Sea which has significant economical role in the region .The objective of this project is a comparative study on traditional culture of fishes versus slurry. This survey were conducted on nine pound of 1.7 hec triplicate with their treatment with stocking densities of 1.7 million fish larva at Dr yousefpoor center (Affiliated of Shahid Beheshti culture and propagation) at Siakal village , 32 km far from Rasht city in North of Iran, the first treatment considered as control which practice traditionally (using concentrated food plus grinded kilka fish) .In the second treatment for 13 days the pound supplied only by slurry then followed by concentrated fish food only .The tired treatment started with slurry for 13 days and followed by slurry plus concentrated food. The physical and chemical parameters of water, plankton, biometry of fish, growth indices such as daily weight growth (DWG), daily length growth (DLG) as well as specific ratio (SGR) were monitored weekly. The result indicate that net fish production was 1.7 to 2 times higher in slurry than traditional treatment also the survival rate were 1.7 times higher in slurry treatment . The treatment of slurry follow by addition of concentrated food plus slurry showed higher yield camper to others. Slurry with several active substances is more effective and can promote the growth of zooplanktons which is the food of larval stage of rutilus frisi kutum. In second phase of this project the effect of slurry was surveyed on Chinese carp. This experiment was conducted in triplicate with two treatment (one treatment is control which use cow manure plus chemical fertilizer and second treatment was conducted with slurry) and stocked with 2375 N/hec (Silver carp 60%, Big head 15%, common carp 17% and grass carp 8%) at June. In this survey common carp and grass carp were feed with concentrate food and fresh grasses respectively. Chemical factors were measured once for each two week and density of plankton was determined when it was necessarily. Nutritional content of phosphorous, nitrogen, calcium, potassium and magnesium after anaerobic fermentation as well as protein and lipid content with 1.4and 1.9 times respectively were higher in slurry treatment than control. The results showed that survival rate and yield were higher in slurry than control. The increasing percent of yield were 13.5, 2.6, 18.4 and 85.3 in Silver carp, Big head, common carp and grass carp respectively. The survival rate of grass carp was twice higher in slurry treatment than control. Zooplankton abundant in slurry pounds was more but blue- green algae density was less than control. Protein and lipid analysis reviled no significant difference between control and slurry. In general the result indicate that the slurry with higher nutritional content is more effective on the survival and growth rate of fishes and also is more efficient in proliferation of plankton in particular zooplankton.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Caspian Sea ; Slurry ; Rutilus frisii kutum ; Cow fertilize ; Larviculture ; Carp ; Culture ; Plankton ; SGR ; Zooplanktons ; Silver Carp ; Big head carp ; Common carp ; Grass carp ; Phosphorous ; Nitrogen ; Survival rate ; Protein ; Lipid
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    Heritability and selection response estimation of growth rate in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) of Caspian Sea (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25304 | 18721 | 2018-09-08 16:49:09 | 25304 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: The Common carp is the most important culture fish in the word, that can be consider as domestic fish. The Common carp of Caspian Sea is one of the economic fish, that have some morphenological differences, resistance in salt water and better quality in meet with domestic once and for using this fish in culture system, it is necessary to establish genetically parameters especially the heritability for selection purpose. The present study have been started from 2007 and lasted 3 years. The breeders were collected from the Gomishan station in south-east of Caspian Sea by fisherman and stocked in S.Rajaei fish restocking center and propagate based on the routine propagation technique in this farm. For heritability estimation a factorial crosses by 7×7 fish were done. Therefore, the fingerlings of 49 crosses were achieved, that kept first separately fiberglass tank and then in pond separately. Weight and length of fish were choice for heritability estimation. The average weight of juvenile common carp in 3 sampling stage of 90, 180 and 360 days, were 5.9, 35.7 and 84.7 gram and length of 9.6, 14.7 and 19.2 cm respectively. The heritability estimation for weight was 0.26 and length 0.25. Selection response based on selection difference by collection the more average breeders among their progeny were 36.4 g that means by selection every generation, there is about 4 percent improving in fish weight.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Caspian Sea ; Gomishan ; Common carp ; Cyprinus carpio ; Heritability ; Selection Response ; Culture ; Weight ; Length ; Fish ; Sampling ; Generation
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    Determination of optimum stocking density for whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) culture in outdoor pond in Choeibdeh, Abadan (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25311 | 18721 | 2018-09-08 16:35:51 | 25311 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: This study was carried out to investigate the optimum stocking density for white leg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) in earthen ponds in Choweibdeh shrimp site Abadan southwest Iran. Six 0.5 ha. Earthen ponds were applied to survey three stocking density of this shrimp (30, 45 and 60 indviduals/m^2) with two replicates each. 15 days old postlarvae (PL15) with mean weight of 0.021 g were reared in the experimental ponds for 60 days. Results showed no significant difference (P〉0.05 ) between the tested stocking densities in terms of growth (weight gain, length increment), specific growth rate (SG ), weekly growth rate, survival rate, food conversion ratio (FCR ) and protein efficiency rate (PER). Nevertheless best results were obtained in the stocking density with 30 ind./m^2 . Yield was increased by increasing the stocking density and the highest yield was obtained in the density of 60 ind./m^2 with significant difference with two other densities. Ultimately, according to the findings of the present study, stocking density of 60 ind./m^2 can be suggested as an acceptable density to be applied for white leg prawn in the region.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Abadan ; Litopenaeus vannamei ; Stocking ; Density ; Growth ; Survival ; Density ; White leg shrimp ; Earthen ponds ; Weight gain ; Length ; SGR ; Yield ; Prawn
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    Cold pasteurization of rainbow trout fillet (Oncorhynchus mykiss) with gamma rays and shelf life assessment at refrigerated condition (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25320 | 18721 | 2018-09-12 09:47:39 | 25320 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different doses of gamma rays on shelf life and fatty acids composition of Rainbow trout fillet (Oncorhynchus mykiss) during refrigerating condition. Quality and shelf life of non-irradiated and irradiated (0, 0.75, 1.5, 2.25, 3, 3.75 and 4.5 kGy) Rainbow trout stored at +4 C was investigated by measurement of microbiological, chemical and sensory analysis .Irradiation of fillets was performed by gamma rays from a Co60 source. Microbial counts for non-irradiated trout fillet samples were higher than respective irradiated fish. Total volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N) values was increased from 7 mg/100 g for non-irradiated to 52.7 mg/100 g after 15 days storage at refrigerator, whereas for irradiated fish lower values of 39.4, 37.6, 28.7, 25.6, 24.8 and 23.2 mg/100 g were recorded at 0.75, 1.5, 2.25, 3, 3.75 and 4.5 kGy, respectively (day 15).initial amount of peroxide value in non irradiated sampleswas 0.8 meq/kg and was increased to 7 meq/kg (7 day).Highest amount of peroxide after irradiation process was belonged to samples irradiated by 4.5 kGy (1.5 meq/kg). Also, total viable count of irradiated samples were decreased significantly (p〈0.05). On nutritional aspect, results showed that total saturated fatty acid concentrations increased significantly (p〈0.001) with increasing irradiation dose , so that the control sample and fish muscles that irradiated with 4.5 kGy had the lowest and highest amounts of total saturated fatty acids (20.454 ± 0.011% and 19.228 ± 0.040% , respectively). The amount of total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in irradiated samples were significantly lower than control sample (p〈0.001) and amounts of total monounsaturated (MUFAs) were significantly higher than control samples (p〈0.001). The results were indicated that the highest content of MUFAs and PUFAs were in samples irradiated with 3.75kGy (37.783± 0.092 %) and control samples (37.677± 0.104 %), respectively .The lowest level of MUFAs and PUFAs were in control samples (36.596 ± 0.024%) and 4.5 kGy (36.459 ± 0.047%), respectively. Altogether, results of this study were determined that irradiation treatment changes significantly the fatty acid composition especially polyunsaturated fatty acids in rainbow trout muscle (P〈0.001). Overall, irradiation of fillet by 3.75 kGy had best results on increasing shelf life of fillet at refrigerator (between 11-15 days) and had no advers effect on fatty acid composition of Rainbo trout fillet.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Fisheries ; Iran ; Irradiation ; Rainbow trout ; Fillet ; Shelf Life ; Fatty acid ; Refrigerator ; Pasteurization ; Oncorhynchus mykiss ; Gamma Rays ; Samples
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    National plan for studying on how can develop aquaculture in Sistan and Baluchistan by carried out research projects such as: Twice a year cultured of shrimp, propagation and breeding of Hamoon fish (Shizothorax zarudnyi) and propagation and breeding of three Indian carp species (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25323 | 18721 | 2018-09-12 09:54:44 | 25323 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Hamoun fish, Schizothorax zarudnyi, is an indigenous species of the eastern waters of Iran. 331 Spawners weighing 800-2450 g were collected from the Chahnimeh reservoirs in early autumn, 2006. from 5/3/2007 (the project is supported and communicated on 2010) , Ovulation was stimulated with three stimulators; pituitary extract (3-6 mg kg-1 body weight), GnRH-A (20-30 mg kg-1 body weight) and anti dopamine (10-15 mg kg-1 body weight) that was given in 2-3 doses to breeders. Of 169 injected breeders , some were injected On mid March of 2007 (12-13 ºC water temperature) responded to the injection 25% ,while the rest were injected On April of 2008 (14-16 ºC water temperature) responded to the injection 65%. In the present project of 167 breeders 82 were female and 87 male. Totally 30 female breeders released their eggs in different stages. 20 female breeders released their eggs completely, 3 breeders released half of their eggs and 7 released 1/3 of their eggs. Larvae were fed with a mixture of powdered milk and egg yolk in this stage followed by decapsulated Artemia cysts and nauplii of Artemia and then on formulated starter diets used for carps. Because the ponds were not ready, larvae were maintained in troughs for about ten days before they were transferred to two 1200 m^2 earthen ponds where they reached a body weight of about 1 g. Larvae were fed with the starter feed SFCO in the earthen ponds. About 350 thousand larvae were stocked in two earthen ponds. Based on the results of present study and other studies we may conclude that artificial breeding in Schizothorax can be successfully achieved at 14-16 ºC in flow through systems using hormone therapy (combination of GnRha and anti dopamine) and larvae could be easily cultured in earthen ponds. However this species exhibits lower growth rates as compared to carps its high expenses could have an important role in economical feasible. Farming of Indian white Shrimp P.indicus in 4 private farm was done in 2008. Surveillance and monitoring of these farms, the possible obstacles to the harmful effects of management strengths and weaknesses and develop in the future was done in corporation of Offshore fisheries research center of Chabahar and fisheries of Sistan and Balouchestan. First crop was successful, but the shrimp of Nursery pond and second crop due to the occurrence of white spot disease (WSSV) disease and casualties were died and did not actually do the work. The average minimum and maximum feed conversion in Culture period 1.46 and 1.96 respectively, in C2 _31 and C2 _ 14 farms were observed. Maximum production was 41,376 kg in farm C2 _31. The rainfall on 14 August severe flooding and water supplying cussed suddenly fall down of Inland channel water salinity at day 16-20th August to 4-5PPT and the PH go up to 8.8-9. After 2 days the white spot disease in South of site was confirmed and was transferred immediately to the north of site. (The pilot’s farm). The results showed that shrimp farming can be done in two periods in year with a predetermined .In this study the only factor that could have adverse effects on the project was Feed supply problems during the growing period and the consequences that it caused low average body weight and final harvested Shrimp resulted to delay in daily growth. 30000 juvenile Indian majour carps (LabeoRohita, Cirhinusmerigala, Catlacatla) imported (2007 and 2008) and transferred to the earthen ponds in Astaneh Fisheries Research Station (Gilan ) and SheibanResaerch center (Khozestan) , In order to assess the viability of rearing fry up to 1 gram fingerlings under the climatic condition of north and south part of Iran . Growth parameters from the larval stage to 1 g were studied also .The fry with 300 mg weight, were released in to 3ponds. Results have indicated adaptations and considerable growth in this species, with an increase from the initial weight of 300 mg to an average of 13.5±1.6 mg in 50 days period until the end of November for fingerlings. Catla was gain 1 g. during 15 day while Roho and Merigal were gain 1 g. during 14 and 10 days respectively. Results revealed that the Indian major carps compatibility with the condition in Gilan province was successful and the combination of species and optimization of their compatibility specially in other provinces like Sistan and Baluchestan were remind for further studies.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Sistan and Baluchestan Province ; Gwater ; Chahnimeh reservoirs ; Hamoun fish ; Schizothoraxzarudnyi ; Breeding ; Indian carp ; Growth ; LabeoRohita ; Cirhinusmerigala ; Catlacatla Intensive culture ; Indian White Shrimp ; Fenerropenaeusindicus ; UNDP ; Crap culture ; GnRHa ; Dopamine ; P. indicus
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    Study on breeding of imported brood stocks Litopenaeus vannamei in Iran environment (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25338 | 18721 | 2018-09-12 10:05:42 | 25338 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Regarding to breeding the Litopenaeus vannamei, a total of 126 pairs of broodstocks were imported from Hawaii to Iran in 2004 and 2005, and then transferred to the Bandargah Research Station in Bushehr. The female broodstocks were ablated, and were feeded 3 times per day with cuttlefish, small size shrimp and Nereis worm with a ratio of 30% body weight. The water exchange were done 3 times per day. During the years 2004 and 2005 a total 1700000 naupli were produced of which 772000 specimens of pl13 and pl7 were harvested and then transferred to Helleh Site for carrying out the next culture project. The average naupli and postlarvae were 170000 and 92000 in proportion to each broodstock. Also the mean survival rate was estimated 54%.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Persian Gulf ; Bushehr ; Litopenaeus vannamei ; Broodstock ; Breeding ; Female ; Cuttlefish ; Shrimp ; Nereis worm ; Body weight ; Nauplii ; Specimens ; Survival rate ; Breeding
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    The study of annual cycle of gonads developments and sex steroids of gray mullet, Mugil cephalus in Golestan Province (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25319 | 18721 | 2018-09-11 09:09:09 | 25319 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Grey mullet, Mugil cephalus is one of the most famous and valuable fish on the fisheries and aquaculture industry. This species is the most suitable to introducing the southern, northern and central regions of our country due to high resistant to large variation of water salinity and temperature. On the monthly sampling period biometric data including total length and total weight recorded and length and weight classes for every sex were determined. To understanding of physiological functions and sexual development of reproductive organs, this investigation carried out with Grey mullet imported from Hong Kong by 1993. Findings of this research can be used for management of artificial breeding of this species. Daily variation of pond water temperature was recorded. Sex steroid hormones and other plasma metabolites such as Ca^2+, cholesterol, triglycerides and total proteins were measured by blood sampling. Gonad samples were prepared in order to histological studies. Oocyte growth was studied by measurement of egg diameters. Measured values of cholesterol, triglycerides of blood plasma revealed that these metabolites have seasonal variation and severely deposited on the summer and mobilized on the spawning seasons. Findings of this research suggested that egg diameters, values of sex steroid hormones (estradiol and progesterone) and Calcium concentrations of fish blood plasma shortening increased a long with day length shortening.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Golestan province ; Mugil cephalus ; Sex steroid hormones ; Plasma metabolites ; Gonads ; Gray mullet ; Mugil cephalus ; Fisheries ; Aquaculture ; Species ; Salinity ; Temperature ; Sampling ; Estradiol ; Progesterone ; Calcium
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    The biochemical composition of seaweed from the Persian Gulf and the effect of seaweed extract on the growth and composition of two microalgae Isochrysis galbana and Chaetoceros muelleri cultured as live food for Penaues indicus larvae (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25331 | 18721 | 2018-09-13 12:45:25 | 25331 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: The biochemical composition of three groups of seaweeds; green (Ulva lactuca and Enthromorpha intestinalis), brown (Sargassum illicifolium and Colpomenia sinuosa) and red (Hypnea valentiea and Gracilaria corticata) from the Persian Gulf and the effects of seaweed extracts (SWE) either as a supplement or as an alternative media to the f/2 medium on the growth and composition of two microalgae Isochrysis galbana and Chaetoceros muelleri cultured as live food for Penaeus indicus larvae were investigated. Results showed that seaweeds were relatively high in carbohydrate and ash, but low in lipid. Lipid content in green seaweed was significantly higher than both the red and brown seaweed (P〈0.05). Protein content of both red and green seaweed was notably higher than brown seaweed (P〈0.05). The red and green seaweed had the highest proportion of saturated fatty acids, while the brown and red seaweed had the highest proportion of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, respectively. The mineral compositions in seaweeds were found in the sequence of K〉Mg〉Fe〉Zn〉Mn〉Cu〉Co. The study clearly showed that the two microalgae I. galbana and C. muelleri could be successfully cultured using the various SWE either as a supplement or as an alternative to the f/2 medium. Since no major changes were found in most of the measured growth parameters, proximate composition, important polyunsaturated fatty acids and mineral content following culture of the microalgae with SWE as an alternative media, it was concluded that the SWE evaluated in the present study are able to provide the necessary nutrients for microalgae growth and could be used as a low cost nutritive media in establishing microalgal populations for use in aquaculture operations. The present study found that when shrimp larvae were fed on microalgae (exclusively or mixed) that had been cultured with SWE as a supplement media, they molted faster to mysis 2 (MII) stage compared to larvae fed on microalgae cultured with conventional f/2 media (Control). Maximum final total length, survival rate and specific growth rate were recorded for shrimp larvae fed on microalgae diets that included SWE as a supplement in the culture media compared to shrimp larvae fed the control diet. The overall growth performance clearly showed that P. indicus larvae were successfully reared using microalgae diets tested, and the shrimp larvae fed on mixed microalgae (I. galbana + C. muelleri) showed better larval growth, survival and development than those that were fed on single microalgal diet. Furthermore, similar larval growth, survival and development were obtained when shrimp larvae were fed with microalgae cultured with SWE as a substitute media to f/2 medium. In conclusion, microalgae cultured with SWE could potentially be used as a low-cost alternative method in producing live food for the hatchery production of shrimp larvae.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Persian Gulf ; Seaweeds ; Microalgae ; Biochemical composition ; Penaeus indicus ; Enrichment ; Growth ; Isochrysis galbana ; Chaetoceros muelleri ; Larvae ; Lipid ; Fatty acids ; Aquaculture ; Survival rate ; Shrimp
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    LHRH-A implantation on reproductive cycle of Iranian sturgeon (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25341 | 18721 | 2018-09-14 07:10:43 | 25341 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: The Iranian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus) is one of most commercially important sturgeon species in the Caspian Sea and it is considered as an endemic sturgeon of the south part of the Caspian sea. Most of its populations distributed around the south coast of the sea and also the most Iranian caviar production belonged to this species. Due to overfishing, degradation of the rivers conditions as the natural reproduction places the stocks of the fish is decreasing and that is why the Islamic republic of Iran releases millions of its fingerlings to the rivers that end to the sea to stock restoration. With regard to the high expenses of the artificial propagation and fingerlings production, finding and creation of better output will play an important role to decrease the production expenditures. Now days, the decrease in the natural stocks of broodstocks and also the low quality and immature caught broodstocks are the fundamental problems which the industry of sturgeon mass production faces. These not fully matured brooders do not response the hormonal induction processes at the sturgeon hatcheries (because they do not reach to final maturation and some of them having polarization index greater than 10) and large numbers of the caught and transported brooders to the hatcheries will not produce any fry (as the data distributed and published by the sturgeon hatcheries about the production techniques). The main objective of the research study is to apply a new method for artificial reproduction (LHRH-A implantation) to gain the best output from the Iranian sturgeon brooders caught and transported from the Caspian Sea which will be done for the first time on sturgeons and there is not still any report of the application of this procedure (LHRH-A implantation) over these kinds of fishes. Most published report on the method belonged to the teleosts.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; LHRH-A ; Implantation ; Iranian sturgeon ; Acipenser persicus ; Species ; Population ; Caviar ; Species ; Fingerlings ; Artificial propagation ; Broodstocks ; Hatcheries ; Brooders
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    Survey on health status in aquaculture sturgeons centers (Mazandaran, Guilan And Golestan Provinces) (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25330 | 18721 | 2018-09-13 12:40:49 | 25330 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Study of survey health management and diseases in hatcheries and fish farms can help us to knowledge and application control methods such as: prevention, treatment and increase high levels of production in hatchery and farms, finally. This survey carried out from 2005 to 2008 for 4 years in sturgeon hatcheries and farms of Golestan province. Sturgeon fishes include Huso Huso, Ship sturgeon, Acipenser persicus collected and for virology, bacteriology, fungius and hematology examined. Also, physicochemical parameters measured and recorded in different stages of culture. Results of this study showed that all of samples in virology was negative and did not observe any doubetful causes. In bacteriology CFU was variation from 3/9 ×105 to 6/9×10. The most parasites that detected in this survey was Cocolanus espherolanus, Sceria binopsulus semiarmatus and Amphilina fuliacea that separates from Acipenser Percicus, especially. The results about hematology parameters some important hematological indices of ship sturgeon include: The total RBC for female and mail specimens measured as 5.3±1.5 ×10^5, 4.8±0.5×10^5 per mm^3 respectively. The amount of haematocrit and hemoglobin for female and mail determined: 34.3±2.8, 35±1.4 percent and 10.3±0.9, 8.9±0.8 gr/dl .The MCV: 216.3± 96.2, 736.5± 102.5, MCH: 720.2±309.5, 186±0.7 and MCHC: 30±0.8, 25.5±3.4 percent respectively.The total WBC were (female, male): 21320±1054, 20580±777 per mm^3 and neutrophil: 16.4±2.5, 17±1.4 percent and lymphocyte: 74.4±2.4, 73.5± 0.7 percent and eosinophil: 6±1.4, 6.4±0.5 percent, monocyte: 2.8±0.8, 3.5±0.7 percent. There was not any significant differences (p〉0.05) between mentioned parameters in male and female (students t-test). Also evaluation of hematological parameters in bluga ( Huso huso) include: total RBC were (male , female) 5±0.3 ×105 , 4.9±0.6 ×105 per mm^3 ,respectively and hematocrit: 33.2±6.7 , 35.4±3.4 percent and hemoglobin: 11.2±1.5 , 12.2±1gr/dl and MCV: 669.9±172.2, 723.9±982.4 and MCH: 226.2±42.5, 249.5±35.4 and MCHC: 34.1±2.4, 34.6±3.6 percent respectively. The totals WBC were (male, female): 24800±707.1, 23042±1375.4 per mm^3 and neutrophil: 18.5±0.7, 21.4±1.1 percent and lymphocyte: 73.5±1.4, 68.4±1.1 percent and eosinophil: 5±2.8, 7±1.2 percent and monocyte: 3.5±3.5, 3.2±0.8 percent. According to statistically study the count of lymphocyte had significant difference between male and female fish and this count in male was higher than female. (p≥0.05).
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Golestan Province ; Mazandaran Province ; Guilan Province ; Fish ; Sturgeon ; Huso huso ; Ship ; Acipenser percicus ; Bacteriology ; Parasitology ; Health management ; Diseases ; Survey ; Aquaculture ; Hatcheries ; Samples ; Sceria binopsulus ; Amphilina fuliacea ; Female ; Male
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