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  • Male  (627)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (627)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd
  • 1980-1984  (627)
  • 1925-1929
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (627)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd
  • Springer  (1)
Years
Year
  • 1
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    Human sleep: its duration and organization depend on its circadian phase (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-12-12
    Description: Two- to threefold variations in sleep length were observed in 12 subjects living on self-selected schedules in an environment free of time cues. The duration of polygraphically recorded sleep episodes was highly correlated with the circadian phase of the body temperature rhythm at bedtime and not with the length of prior wakefulness. Furthermore, the rate of REM (rapid eye movement) sleep accumulation , REM latency, bedtime selection, and self-rated alertness assessments were also correlated with the body temperature rhythm.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Czeisler, C A -- Weitzman, E d -- Moore-Ede, M C -- Zimmerman, J C -- Knauer, R S -- AG-00792/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- GM-07365/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- MH-28460/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Dec 12;210(4475):1264-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7434029" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Body Temperature ; *Circadian Rhythm ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sleep/*physiology ; Sleep, REM/physiology ; Wakefulness
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    Amino acid acylation: a mechanism of nitrogen excretion in inborn errors of urea synthesis (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-02-08
    Description: Treatment of a patient deficient in carbamyl phosphate synthetase with benzoate or phenylacetic acid resulted in an increase in urinary nitrogen, which could be accounted for by the respective amino acid acylation product, hippurate or phenylacetylgultamine. Benzoate treatment of four hyperammonemic comatose patients led to clinical improvement and a return of plasma ammonium levels toward normal.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brusilow, S -- Tinker, J -- Batshaw, M L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 8;207(4431):659-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6243418" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors/*drug therapy ; Amino Acids/blood ; Ammonia/blood ; Benzoates/*therapeutic use ; Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase (Ammonia)/*deficiency ; Child ; Female ; Glutamine/metabolism ; Glycine/metabolism ; Hippurates/urine ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Nitrogen/blood ; *Ornithine Carbamoyltransferase Deficiency Disease ; Phenylacetates/*therapeutic use ; Phosphotransferases/*deficiency
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Immunofluorescence of NADPH-cytochrome c (P-450) reductase in rat and minipig tissues injected with phenobarbital (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-06-27
    Description: The enzyme NADPH-cytochrome c (P-450) reductase was identified by indirect immunofluorescence in hepatocytes, bronchioles, and proximal tubules of liver, lung, and kidney, respectively, of rats and minipigs that had been injected with phenobarbital or saline. The distribution of this component of the cytochrome P-450-mediated microsomal system may be relevant to sites of drug toxicity and carcinogenesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dees, J H -- Coe, L D -- Yasukochi, Y -- Masters, B S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jun 27;208(4451):1473-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6770464" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Kidney/drug effects/*enzymology ; Liver/drug effects/*enzymology ; Lung/drug effects/*enzymology ; Male ; NADPH-Ferrihemoprotein Reductase/*metabolism ; Organ Specificity ; Phenobarbital/*pharmacology ; Rats
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Reorganization of the axon membrane in demyelinated peripheral nerve fibers: morphological evidence (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-11-07
    Description: Cytochemical staining of demyelinated peripheral axons revealed two types of axon membrane organization, one of which suggests that the demyelinated axolemma acquires a high density of sodium channels. Ferric ion-ferrocyanide stain was confined to a restricted region of axon membrane at the beginning of a demyelinated segment or was distributed throughout the demyelinated segment of axon. The latter pattern represents one possible morphological correlate of continuous conduction through a demyelinated segment and suggests a reorganization of the axolemma after demyelination.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Foster, R E -- Whalen, C C -- Waxman, S G -- NS-15320/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Nov 7;210(4470):661-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6159685" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Demyelinating Diseases/metabolism/*pathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Ion Channels/*metabolism ; Male ; Neural Conduction ; Neurilemma/*metabolism/pathology ; Rats ; Staining and Labeling
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Occupational lead exposure: what are the risks? (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-04-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cooper, W C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Apr 11;208(4440):129-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7361111" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Carcinogens, Environmental ; Epidemiologic Methods ; Humans ; Lead Poisoning/*epidemiology/mortality ; Male ; Occupational Diseases/*chemically induced/epidemiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Identical twins reared apart (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-03-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 21;207(4437):1323-5, 1327-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7188816" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Environment ; Female ; Genetics, Medical ; Humans ; Intelligence ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Twins/*psychology ; Twins, Monozygotic/*psychology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Antibodies to cerebroside sulfate inhibit the effects of morphine and beta-endorphin (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-01-04
    Description: Morphine and beta-endorphin inhibit the shaking response of pentobarbital-anesthetized rats to ice water. Stereotaxically guided administration of antibodies to cerebroside sulfate into the periaqueductal gray region, the most sensitive brain region in which to demonstrate inhibition of this response, antagonizes the effect of morphine and beta-endorphin. These results suggest that cerebroside sulfate may be an integral component of an opiate receptor in rat brain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Craves, F B -- Zalc, B -- Leybin, L -- Baumann, N -- Loh, H H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jan 4;207(4426):75-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6243189" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigen-Antibody Reactions ; Behavior, Animal/drug effects ; Biological Assay ; Brain/*immunology ; Cerebral Aqueduct ; Endorphins/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Male ; Morphine/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Pentobarbital/pharmacology ; Rats ; Receptors, Opioid/*immunology ; Sulfoglycosphingolipids/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
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  • 8
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    Olfactory sensitivity in humans: genetic versus environmental control (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-05-09
    Description: Olfactory sensitivity to acetic acid, isobutyric acid, and 2-sec-butyl-cyclohexanone was tested in 97 adult male twin pairs to determine the extent to which variation in odor perception was genetically determined. Analysis of the data revealed no evidence for heritability of olfactory sensitivity. However, factors significantly associated with odor perception included cigar, pipe, and cigarette smoking; body fatness; alcohol consumption; and diabetes mellitus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hubert, H B -- Fabsitz, R R -- Feinleib, M -- Brown, K S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 9;208(4444):607-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7189296" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetates ; Adult ; Alcohol Drinking ; Butyrates ; Cyclohexanones ; *Environment ; Female ; *Genes ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pregnancy ; Sensory Thresholds ; Skinfold Thickness ; Smell/*physiology ; Smoking ; *Twins ; Twins, Dizygotic ; Twins, Monozygotic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 9
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    Excitatory and inhibitory effects of opiates in the rat vas deferens: a dual mechanism of opiate action (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-10-03
    Description: Both natural (-)-morphine and its unnatural enantiomer (+)-morphine exert an excitatory action on electrically stimulated contractions of rat vas deferens. Preexposure to (-)-morphine results in cross-tolerance to the inhibitory action of beta-endorphin. (-)-Naloxone and its stereoisomer (+)-naloxone also exert an excitatory action, but only (-)-naloxone bocks the inhibtory action of beta-endorphin. Thus morphine exerts a dual action on a peripheral organ: one an inhibitory action mediated by the stereospecific endorphin receptor that is blocked stereospecifically by naloxone, the other an excitatory action mediated by a nonstereospecific receptor that is not blocked by naloxone. The opiate abstinence syndrome is seen as due to the unmasking of the excitatory action of opiates when its concomitant inhibitory influence is removed by selective blockade by naloxone or weakened by selective tolerance. The view that the rat vas deferens is devoid of morphine receptors is now seen as arising from a reverse example of morphine's dual action: the masking of the inhibitory action of morphine by its concomitant and more potent excitatory action.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jacquet, Y F -- DA 00367/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Oct 3;210(4465):95-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6158098" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Drug Interactions ; Endorphins/pharmacology ; Male ; Morphine/antagonists & inhibitors/pharmacology ; Muscle Contraction/drug effects ; Naloxone/pharmacology ; Narcotics/*pharmacology ; Rats ; Receptors, Opioid/drug effects ; Stereoisomerism ; Substance P/pharmacology ; Vas Deferens/*drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
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  • 10
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    Transporting renal epithelium: culture in hormonally defined serum-free medium (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-11-21
    Description: A hormonally defined medium was used to isolate a homogeneous epithelioid cell population from canine kidney. Monolayers of these cells form domes, an indication of active ion transport, and this process is inhibited by ouabain. This technique allows the isolation of primary cultures of renal epithelial cells, free of fibroblasts, for the characterization of biochemical and physiological properties related to renal function.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jefferson, D M -- Cobb, M H -- Gennaro, J F Jr -- Scott, W N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Nov 21;210(4472):912-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7434005" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Transport, Active ; Cell Adhesion ; Cells, Cultured ; Culture Media ; Dogs ; Epithelium/metabolism ; Female ; Kidney/*cytology ; Male ; Sodium/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
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  • 11
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    Testosterone-mediated sexual dimorphism of mitochondria and lysosomes in mouse kidney proximal tubules (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-08-29
    Description: In kidney proximal tubules of male mice the mitochondria are larger and more electron-lucent, autophagic vacuoles and lysosomes (predominantly myeloid bodies) more numerous and voluminous, and exocytosed intraluminal myeloid bodies more common than in females. Males also have higher kidney activities of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase and lysosomal hydrolases, and excrete larger quantities of hydrolases and protein in the urine. Orchiectomy evokes the feminine pattern whereas testosterone administration induces the male pattern. Endogenous testosterone modulates mitochondrial structure and function and enhances the activity of the lysosomal-vacuolar system in proximal tubule cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Koenig, H -- Goldstone, A -- Blume, G -- Lu, C Y -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 29;209(4460):1023-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7403864" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Castration ; Enzymes/urine ; Female ; Kidney/drug effects ; Kidney Tubules, Proximal/*ultrastructure ; Lysosomes/drug effects/enzymology ; Male ; Mice ; Mitochondria/drug effects/enzymology ; Organ Size/drug effects ; Sex Differentiation/*drug effects ; Testosterone/*pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 12
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    Visualization of specific angiotensin II binding sites in the brain by fluorescent microscopy (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-11-14
    Description: The organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis has been implicated as the site of receptors mediating central responses of angiotensin II. Up to now, this had been based on indirect evidence, but direct visualization of angiotensin II at its site of action has now been achieved by the use of a biologically active fluorescent angiotensin II agonist. The ventricular surface of the organum vasculosum lamina terminalis showed intense fluorescence, which was virtually eliminated by an excess of unlabeled angiotensin II.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Landas, S -- Phillips, M I -- Stamler, J F -- Raizada, M K -- AM25295/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- HL14388/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Nov 14;210(4471):791-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6254147" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Angiotensin II/*metabolism/physiology ; Animals ; Cerebral Ventricles/*metabolism ; Drinking Behavior/physiology ; Male ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Rats ; Receptors, Angiotensin/*metabolism ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 13
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    Prolongation of islet xenograft survival without continuous immunosuppression (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-07-11
    Description: The survival of isolated rat islets transplanted into diabetic mice was prolonged markedly by maintaining the rat islets in vitro at 24 degrees C for 7 days before transplantation and administering to the recipients a single injection of antiserum to mouse and rat lymphocytes shortly before transplantation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lacy, P E -- Davie, J M -- Finke, E H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 11;209(4453):283-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6770465" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blood Glucose/analysis ; Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/*therapy ; *Immunosuppression ; *Islets of Langerhans Transplantation ; Lymphocytes/immunology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Rats ; Transplantation, Heterologous ; Transplantation, Isogeneic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 14
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    Liver tumors induced in rats by oral administration of the antihistaminic methapyrilene hydrochloride (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-08-15
    Description: The antihistaminic over-the-counter drug methapyrilene hydrochloride, mixed with food at a concentration of 0.1 percent, was administered to 50 male and 50 female Fischer rats. A second group of 50 male and 50 female rats was given the same treatment together with 0.2 percent of sodium nitrite added to the food. Almost all of the rats in both groups developed liver neoplasms, mainly hepatocellular carcinomas and cholangiocarcinomas. The first rat died with a liver neoplasm at the 43rd week. Over 50 percent of the rats in both groups had metastases from the carcinomas of the liver to distant organs. Control rats treated with nitrite only, or untreated, did not develop liver neoplasms. There was no discernible effect of nitrite on the carcinogenicity of methapyrilene hydrochloride.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lijinsky, W -- Reuber, M D -- Blackwell, B N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 15;209(4458):817-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7403848" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aminopyridines/*toxicity ; Animals ; *Carcinogens ; Drug Interactions ; Female ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/*chemically induced/pathology ; Male ; Methapyrilene/*toxicity ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Nitrites ; Rats
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  • 15
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    Sexual dimorphism in extent of axonal sprouting in rat hippocampus (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-06-13
    Description: Sympathetic axons, normally innervating the extracerebral vasculature, sprout into denervated regions of the hippocampal formation after lesions of the medial septal nucleus or fimbria in adult female rats. Similar lesions in adult males also elicit the sympathetic ingrowth; however, the number of anomalous axons is greatly reduced and their distribution is altered. In adult males the sympathetic axons do not send out collaterals within the stratum oriens of region CA3 or the molecular layer or deep hilar regions of the area dentata, as they do in adult females. Lesions in juveniles of both sexes result in more vigorous sprouting than in their adult counterparts. In the young males the anomalous axons are distributed more extensively into the dentate molecular layer; in the young females the axons merely send out more collaterals within the same regions as in the adults. This sexually dimorphic response to central nervous system damage suggests either that the sprouting is affected by the hormonal environment of the mature hippocampal system or that this brain region, like the hypothalamus, may express permanent morphological or physiological differences as a result of exposure to sex steroids during development.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Loy, R -- Milner, T A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jun 13;208(4449):1282-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7375941" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging ; Animals ; Axons/growth & development ; Denervation ; Female ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones/physiology ; Hippocampus/*cytology ; Male ; Neural Pathways/cytology ; Rats ; *Sex ; Sympathetic Nervous System/*cytology/growth & development
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 16
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    Light suppresses melatonin secretion in humans (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-12-12
    Description: Bright artificial light suppressed nocturnal secretion of melatonin in six normal human subjects. Room light of less intensity, which is sufficient to suppress melatonin secretion in other mammals, failed to do so in humans. In contrast to the results of previous experiments in which ordinary room light was used, these findings establish that the human response to light is qualitatively similar to that of other mammals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewy, A J -- Wehr, T A -- Goodwin, F K -- Newsome, D A -- Markey, S P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Dec 12;210(4475):1267-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7434030" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Circadian Rhythm ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Female ; Humans ; *Light ; Male ; Melatonin/*secretion ; Pineal Gland/secretion ; Secretory Rate
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  • 17
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    Mebendazole therapy of parenteral trichinellosis (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-03-14
    Description: Mebendazole was highly effective against the helminth parasite Trichinella spiralis in mice subjected to a 3-day course of treatment during the invasive and encystment phases of experimental trichinellosis. When treatment began either 2 or 4 weeks after the mice were inoculated with parasites, the number of larvae developing in the host musculature was greatly reduced by twice-daily oral administration of 3.125, 6.25, or 12.5 milligrams of mebendazole per kilogram of body weight.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McCracken, R O -- Taylor, D D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 14;207(4436):1220-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7355285" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Benzimidazoles/*therapeutic use ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Larva ; Male ; Mebendazole/administration & dosage/*therapeutic use ; Mice ; Muscles/parasitology ; Trichinella/drug effects ; Trichinellosis/*drug therapy
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  • 18
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    Mediation of diurnal fluctuations in pain sensitivity in the rat by food intake patterns: reversal by naloxone (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-10-10
    Description: Rats maintained on a 12-hour light-dark cycle were tested for pain sensitivity after being deprived of food during either the dark or the light phase of the cycle. Diurnal fluctuations in pain sensitivity were observed. The fluctuations followed food intake patterns rather than a natural circadian rhythm, with food deprivation producing a decrease in pain sensitivity. The analgesic response produced by this mild food deprivation was strongly attenuated by naloxone or feeding, suggesting that endogenous opioid systems may be related to patterns of food intake.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McGivern, R F -- Berntson, G G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Oct 10;210(4466):210-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7191143" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Circadian Rhythm ; Endorphins/antagonists & inhibitors/*physiology ; Feeding Behavior/*physiology ; Food Deprivation ; Male ; Naloxone/*pharmacology ; Pain/*physiopathology ; Rats
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    Vomeronasal pump: significance for male hamster sexual behavior (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-03-14
    Description: Vomeronasal chemoreceptors segregated within the vomeronasal organ are important for male hamster sexual behavior. An autonomically controlled vascular pump, previously demonstrated in anesthetized animals, can transport stimuli to the receptors. Interruption of the efferent nerves controlling the pump results in behavioral deficits similar to those produced by interruption of the afferent nerves carrying information from the vomeronasal organ to the brain. Pump activation is thus a prerequisite for normal vomeronasal stimulation in behaving animals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Meredith, M -- Marques, D M -- O'Connell, R O -- Stern, F L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 14;207(4436):1224-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7355286" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chemoreceptor Cells/physiology ; Cricetinae/*physiology ; Efferent Pathways/physiology ; Male ; Nasal Septum/innervation/*physiology ; Nose/innervation/*physiology ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/drug effects/*physiology ; Zinc/pharmacology
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  • 20
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    Osmolality and potassium ion: their roles in initiation of sperm motility in teleosts (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-12-05
    Description: Spermatozoa that are quiescent in electrolyte and nonelectrolyte solutions isotonic to seminal plasma show motility when the semen is diluted with hypotonic solution in freshwater teleosts (four species tested) and with hypertonic solution in marine teleosts (five species tested). Decrease or increase, respectively, in osmolality of the environment may be the factor initiating sperm motility in these species. The motility of chum salmon spermatozoa in a sodium chloride solution isotonic to seminal plasma is completely suppressed by approximately 10 millimoles of potassium per kilogram; topminnow spermatozoa, however, were immotile in a nonelectrolyte solution, and motility was induced by electrolytes, especially potassium. Thus ions, rather than osmolality, may be an essential determinant of sperm motility in salmonid and viviparous teleosts.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Morisawa, M -- Suzuki, K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Dec 5;210(4474):1145-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7444445" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Fishes/*physiology ; Fresh Water ; Ions ; Male ; Osmolar Concentration ; Seawater ; Semen/physiology ; *Sperm Motility ; Spermatozoa/*physiology
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    Stress-induced eating is mediated through endogenous opiates (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-09-12
    Description: The interaction of endogenous opiates and stress-induced eating in rats was evaluated by pharmacological manipulation. Eating induced by the tail-pinch method was inhibited by the opitate antagonist naloxone; after being repeatedly stressed over a 10-day period and then given nalozone, the rats behaved in a manner indistinguishable from the "wet-dog" shakes of opiate withdrawal. Thus endogenous opiates may have a role in the control of stress-related eating, a finding that may have therapeutic implications for humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Morley, J E -- Levine, A S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Sep 12;209(4462):1259-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6250222" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/drug effects ; Cholecystokinin/pharmacology ; Diazepam/pharmacology ; Eating/*drug effects ; Endorphins/antagonists & inhibitors/*physiology ; Male ; Naloxone/*pharmacology ; Rats ; Receptors, Opioid/drug effects ; Stress, Physiological/*physiopathology
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  • 22
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    Mild cold exposure increases survival in rats with medial preoptic lesions (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-04-18
    Description: High mortality rate in rats with large medial preoptic lesions discourage their use in studies of brain function. However, virtually all such animals (six out of seven) survived indefinitely if kept at an ambient temperature of 15 degrees C for 2 hours before and 10 to 12 hours after the lesions were made. Although these rats appeared otherwise healthy, they could not maintain normal both temperatures in short-term cold tests. In contrast, five of the nine rats kept at 25 degrees C died within 10 hours after the operation, and three more died within 5 days. Rats kept at 25 degrees C had a much higher incidence of cardiac arrhythmias than did rats kept at 15 degrees C, which may be responsible for their higher moratlity rates.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nagel, J A -- Satinoff, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Apr 18;208(4441):301-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7367860" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Body Temperature Regulation ; Brain/physiology ; *Cold Temperature ; Female ; Heart Rate ; Hypothalamus/*physiology ; Male ; Motor Activity/physiology ; Oxygen Consumption ; Preoptic Area/*physiology/surgery ; Rats ; Vasoconstriction
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    Asymmetry in facial expression (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-08-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nelson, C A -- Horowitz, F D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 15;209(4458):834.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7403852" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anthropometry ; Emotions ; *Facial Expression ; Female ; *Functional Laterality ; Humans ; Male
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  • 24
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    Social environment as a factor in diet-induced atherosclerosis (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-06-27
    Description: Rabbits on a 2 percent cholesterol diet were individually petted, held, talked to, and played with on a regular basis. Measurements of aortic affinity for a Sudan stain, serum cholesterol levels, heart rate, and blood pressure were made at the end of the experimental period. Compared to control groups, which were given the same diet and normal laboratory animal care, the experimental groups showed more than a 60 percent reduction in the percentage of aortic surface area exhibiting sudanophilic lesions, even though serum cholesterol levels, heart rate, and blood pressure were comparable.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nerem, R M -- Levesque, M J -- Cornhill, J F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jun 27;208(4451):1475-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7384790" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aorta/pathology ; Arteriosclerosis/*etiology/physiopathology/psychology ; Blood Pressure ; Cholesterol/blood ; *Diet, Atherogenic ; Heart Rate ; Male ; Rabbits ; *Social Environment
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  • 25
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    Ethanol specifically potentiates GABA-mediated neurotransmission in feline cerebral cortex (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-08-08
    Description: Ethanol (ethyl alcohol) potentiates the inhibition of cortical neurons by gamma-aminobutyric acid. This effect is specific, since ethanol does not potentiate inhibiton by glycine, serotonin, or dopamine. These results have implications for alcoholism because (i) gamma-aminobutyric acid mediates anxiolytic mechanisms, and (ii) anxiety is implicated in the etiology of alcoholism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nestoros, J N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 8;209(4457):708-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7394531" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Cerebral Cortex/drug effects/*physiology ; Drug Synergism ; Electric Conductivity ; Electric Stimulation ; Ethanol/*pharmacology ; Female ; Male ; Neurons/drug effects/*physiology ; Serotonin/pharmacology ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/*pharmacology
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  • 26
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    Kindling induces long-lasting alterations in response of hippocampal neurons to elevated potassium levels in vitro (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-06-13
    Description: The cellular basis of kindling was studied electrophysiologically with slices of guinea pig hippocampus. Normally, epileptiform activity can be induced in the slices only by combined exposure to elevated potassium levels and a chemical convulsant such as penicillin. In hippocampal slices from pentylenetetrazole-kindled animals, however, elevated potassium alone can induce seizures. These data suggest that kindling elicits long-term changes in neuronal excitability that may involve ionic mechanisms.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Oliver, A P -- Hoffer, B J -- Wyatt, R J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jun 13;208(4449):1264-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7375936" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Epilepsy/chemically induced/*physiopathology ; Guinea Pigs ; Hippocampus/drug effects/*physiology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Male ; Neurons/drug effects/physiology ; Pentylenetetrazole/administration & dosage/pharmacology ; Potassium/*pharmacology
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    Flavor-illness aversions: the peculiar roles of odor and taste in memory for poison (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-05-16
    Description: When either taste or odor alone was followed by poison, rats acquired a strong aversion for the taste but not for odor, especially if poison was delayed. When odor-taste combinations were poisoned, however, odor aversions were potentiated, as if odor could gain the enduring memorial property of taste by associative contiguity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Palmerino, C C -- Rusiniak, K W -- Garcia, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 16;208(4445):753-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7367891" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Avoidance Learning/*physiology ; Conditioning (Psychology)/physiology ; Lithium/poisoning ; Male ; Rats ; Smell/*physiology ; Taste/*physiology ; Time Factors
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    Bladder-surface glycosaminoglycans: an efficient mechanism of environmental adaptation (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-05-09
    Description: The transitional epithelium of the urinary bladder secretes and binds to its surface a glycosaminoglycan than inhibits the adherence of bacteria. Synthetic sulfonated glycosaminoglycans instilled intraluminally into bladders whose natural mucin layer has been removed are as effective as the natural mucin in preventing bacterial adherence. It also appears that adherence of calcium and protein is reduced in the presence of both the natural mucin layer and the synthetic sulfonated glycosaminoglycan sodium pentosanpolysulfate, suggesting that the antiadherence activity of both natural and synthetic surface glycosaminoglycans in the bladder extends to the molecular and ionic levels.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Parsons, C L -- Stauffer, C -- Schmidt, J D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 9;208(4444):605-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6154316" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adsorption ; Animals ; Calcium/metabolism ; Cell Adhesion ; Environmental Exposure ; Epithelium/physiology ; Glycosaminoglycans/*physiology ; Male ; Mucins/pharmacology ; Pentosan Sulfuric Polyester/pharmacology ; Protein Binding/drug effects ; Proteins/metabolism ; Rabbits ; Urinary Bladder/microbiology/*physiology
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  • 29
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    Long-term antidepressant treatment decreases spiroperidol-labeled serotonin receptor binding (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-10-03
    Description: Antidepressants compete at several neurotransmitter receptor binding site, but drug affinities do not correlate with clinical efficacy. Long-term, but not short-term, antidepressant treatment decreases the numbers of both serotonin and beta-adrenergic receptors. The decrease in the number of receptor sites is most marked for [3H]spiroperidol-labeled serotonin receptors and is characteristic for antidepressants of several classes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Peroutka, S J -- Snyder, S H -- 5T32GM0309/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- DA00266/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- MH18501/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Oct 3;210(4465):88-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6251550" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antidepressive Agents/administration & dosage/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Frontal Lobe/drug effects ; Male ; Rats ; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha/metabolism ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta/drug effects/metabolism ; Receptors, Dopamine/metabolism ; Receptors, Histamine H1/metabolism ; Receptors, Muscarinic/metabolism ; Receptors, Serotonin/*drug effects/metabolism ; Spiperone/metabolism ; Time Factors
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  • 30
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    Sperm-egg interaction: evidence for boar sperm plasma membrane receptors for porcine zona pellucida (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-01-04
    Description: Freshly ejaculated, noncapacitated boar sperm bind rapidly and in large numbers to pig egg zona pellucida in vitro. In the present study, the number of sperm bound decreased sharply when sperm motility was lowered by energy poisons or by reducing the temperature. Highly motile sperm from humans, guinea pigs, and rats, added at concentrations ten times higher than control sperm, did not bind to the porcine zona. At the same high concentration, a small number of hamster and bull sperm bound to the zona. Binding of boar sperm to the zona pellucida was blocked almost completely by diluted whole antiserum to sperm plasma membranes and by univalent (Fab) antibody to these membranes. When antibody to sperm plasma membrane was first absorbed with plasma membrane vesicles, sperm binding was not inhibited. These results provide direct evidence for the existence of sperm plasma membrane receptors for the zona pellucida of the pig.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Peterson, R N -- Russell, L -- Bundman, D -- Freund, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jan 4;207(4426):73-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7188647" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cattle ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Female ; *Fertilization ; Guinea Pigs ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments ; Male ; Ovum/*metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Drug/metabolism ; Species Specificity ; *Sperm-Ovum Interactions ; Spermatozoa/*metabolism ; Swine ; Zona Pellucida/*metabolism
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    Hormone binding alters the conformation of the insulin receptor (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-12-05
    Description: Fat cells or fat cell membranes were briefly subjected to mild proteolysis under conditions where insulin receptors were either free or bound to (125)I-labeled insulin. When receptors were then affinity-labeled to visualize the effects of this treatment, it was observed that receptors that had been occupied by ligand during proteolysis exhibited greater rates of degradation than unoccupied receptors. These results demonstrate that insulin-receptor interaction induces a change in receptor structure that may be related to signal transmission.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pilch, P F -- Czech, M P -- AM 06069/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM 17893/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- HD 11343/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Dec 5;210(4474):1152-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7003712" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adipose Tissue/metabolism ; Animals ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Insulin/*metabolism ; Male ; Peptide Fragments/analysis ; Protein Binding ; Protein Conformation ; Rats ; Receptor, Insulin/*metabolism ; Trypsin/metabolism
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  • 32
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    Blood lead concentrations in a remote Himalayan population (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-12-05
    Description: The lead content in the air at the foothills of the Himalayas in Nepal was found to be negligible. The concentration of lead in the blood of 103 children and adults living in this region was found to average 3.4 micrograms per deciliter, a level substantially lower than that found in industrialized populations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Piomelli, S -- Corash, L -- Corash, M B -- Seaman, C -- Mushak, P -- Glover, B -- Padgett, R -- ES-01104/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- ES-26437/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Dec 5;210(4474):1135-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7444442" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Air Pollutants/*analysis ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Environment ; Female ; Humans ; *Industry ; Lead/*blood ; Male ; Nepal
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    Entry of opioid peptides into the central nervous system (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-01-04
    Description: Cerebrovascular permeability of four modified opioid peptides--[D-Ala2]methionine enkephalin amide, beta-[D-Ala62,14C-Homoarg69]lipotropin 61 -69, alpha-[D-Ala2,14C-Homoarg9]endorphin, and beta-[D-Ala2,14C-Homoarg]endorphin--ranged from 1.4 to 3.9 X 10(-6) centimeters per second in brain regions of the conscous rat. These significant permeabilities should allow the peptides to fill the extracellular brain space with a half time of 3 to 11 minutes, as a result of a step increase in plasma concentration of unbound peptide.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rapoport, S I -- Klee, W A -- Pettigrew, K D -- Ohno, K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jan 4;207(4426):84-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7350645" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Blood-Brain Barrier ; Brain/*metabolism ; Capillary Permeability ; Endorphins/*metabolism ; Enkephalins/metabolism ; Extracellular Space/metabolism ; Male ; Rats ; Solubility ; beta-Lipotropin/*metabolism
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    Food dyes impair performance of hyperactive children on a laboratory learning test (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-03-28
    Description: Forty children were given a diet free of artificial food dyes and other additives for 5 days. Twenty of the children had been classified as hyperactive by scores on the Conners Rating Scale and were reported to have favorable responses to stimulant medication. A diagnosis of hyperactivity had been rejected in the other 20 children. Oral challenges with large doses (100 or 150 milligrams) of a blend of FD & C approved food dyes or placebo were administered on days 4 and 5 of the experiment. The performance of the hyperactive children on paired-associate learning tests on the day they received the dye blend was impaired relative to their performance after they received the placebo, but the performance of the nonhyperactive group was not affected by the challenge with the food dye blend.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Swanson, J M -- Kinsbourne, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 28;207(4438):1485-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7361102" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Child ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Food Coloring Agents/*pharmacology ; Humans ; Hyperkinesis/*physiopathology ; Learning/*drug effects ; Male ; Time Factors
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    Making interferon: gains come slowly (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-11-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sun, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Nov 7;210(4470):618.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6159683" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cells, Cultured ; Drug Industry ; Fibroblasts/metabolism ; Humans ; Interferons/*biosynthesis ; Male ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Research Support as Topic ; United States
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    Regional assignment of genes for human esterase D and retinoblastoma to chromosome band 13q14 (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-05-30
    Description: The expression of human esterase D was evaluated quantitatively and qualitatively in five persons with partial deletions or duplications of chromosome 13. The results showed that the locus of this enzyme is at band 13q14. Deletion of this same band in other subjects has been found previously to indicate a predisposition to the development of retinoblastoma, which was present in the four individuals in this study who had partial deletions of chromosome 13. Because of this close synteny, esterase D evaluation should aid in the diagnosis and genetic counseling of retinoblastoma.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sparkes, R S -- Sparkes, M C -- Wilson, M G -- Towner, J W -- Benedict, W -- Murphree, A L -- Yunis, J J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 30;208(4447):1042-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7375916" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosome Mapping ; *Chromosomes, Human, 13-15 ; Esterases/*genetics ; Female ; Genes ; Humans ; Intellectual Disability/enzymology/genetics ; Male ; Retinoblastoma/enzymology/*genetics
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    Stereospecific nicotine receptors on rat brain membranes (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-11-07
    Description: A stereospecific binding site for nicotine has been detected on rat brain membranes. Competition studies with cholinergic agonists suggest that this site is a nicotinic cholinergic receptor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Romano, C -- Goldstein, A -- DA-1938/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- DA-7063/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Nov 7;210(4470):647-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7433991" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Binding, Competitive ; Brain/*metabolism ; Ligands ; Male ; Nicotine/metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Cholinergic/*metabolism ; Receptors, Nicotinic/*metabolism ; Stereoisomerism ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Synaptic Membranes/metabolism
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  • 38
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    Methylphenidate and hyperactivity: effects on teacher behaviors (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-06-13
    Description: Teacher interactions with hyperactive and comparison boys were observed during classroom activities. A double-blind, methylphenidate-placebo cross-over design was used within the hyperactive group. With no knowledge of any child's diagnosis or drug status, the teacher was more intense and controlling toward hyperactive boys taking placebo than toward either medicated hyperactive boys or comparison boys; her behavior did not differ toward the latter two groups. Discussion focused on the need to consider the broad social ramifications of pharmacologic treatment programs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Whalen, C K -- Henker, B -- Dotemoto, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jun 13;208(4449):1280-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7375940" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Behavior/drug effects ; Child ; Humans ; Hyperkinesis/*drug therapy ; *Interpersonal Relations ; Male ; Methylphenidate/pharmacology/*therapeutic use ; *Teaching
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  • 39
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    Glucan-induced modification of murine viral hepatitis (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-04-04
    Description: Glucan, a macrophage stimulant, was evaluated for its ability to alter survival and phagocytic dysfunction in mice challenged with mouse hepatitis virus strain MHV-A59. Administration of glucan before the mice were challenged with the virus significantly prolonged median survival time but did not modify overall mortality compared with control mice given dextrose. Maximal effectiveness was achieved when glucan was administered both before and after the viral challenge. In contrast to the marked hepatic parenchymal cell necrosis observed in the control mice, glucan-treated mice exhibited reduced pathology. Intraperitoneal administration of MHV-A59 resulted in a significant depression of phagocytic activity compared with controls that were not exposed to the virus. The enhancement in phagocytic function in glucan-treated control mice was unaltered in virus-challenged, glucan-treated mice. Thus glucan is capable of increasing survival, inhibiting hepatic necrosis, and maintaining an activated state of phagocytic activity in mice challenged with MHV-A59. Macrophage stimulants may have a significant role in the modification of virally induced hepatic lesions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Williams, D L -- Di Luzio, N R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Apr 4;208(4439):67-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7361108" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Glucans/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Hepatitis, Viral, Animal/drug therapy/*immunology/mortality ; Liver/pathology ; Macrophages/drug effects ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Phagocytosis/*drug effects
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  • 40
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    Multiple daily amphetamine administration: behavioral and neurochemical alterations (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-02-15
    Description: In rats, multiple daily amphetamine injections (2.5 milligrams per kilogram of body weight, injected subcutaneously every 4 hours for 5 days) resulted in a progressive augmentation in response, characterized by a more rapid onset and an increased magnitude of stereotypy. By contrast, offset times of both the stereotypy and the poststereotypy hyperactivity periods were markedly shortened. When the animals were retested with the same dose of amphetamine 8 days after the long-term treatment was discontinued, the time of offset of the stereotypy and hyperactivity phases had recovered to values found with short-term amphetamine treatment, whereas the more rapid onset of stereotypy persisted. Brain monoamine and amphetamine concentrations and tyrosine hydroxylase activity were determined in comparably treated rats at times corresponding to the behavioral observations. The behavioral data indicate that enhanced responsiveness to amphetamine following its repeated administration may contribute to the development of amphetamine psychosis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Segal, D S -- Weinberger, S B -- Cahill, J -- McCunney, S J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 15;207(4433):905-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7188815" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior/*drug effects ; Behavior, Animal/*drug effects ; Brain/metabolism ; Brain Chemistry/drug effects ; Dextroamphetamine/administration & dosage/*pharmacology ; Dopamine/metabolism ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Humans ; Male ; Motor Activity/drug effects ; Norepinephrine/metabolism ; Rats ; Serotonin/metabolism ; Stereotyped Behavior/*drug effects ; Time Factors
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    Rate of acoustic change may underlie hemispheric specialization for speech perception (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-03-21
    Description: Phonemically similar syllables, differing only by temporal acoustic cues, were presented dichotically to investigate temporal processing mechanisms in hemispheric specialization for speech. Reducing the rate of acoustic change within syllables while keeping their phonemic characteristics constant significantly decreased the characteristic asymmetry in processing speech.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schwartz, J -- Tallal, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 21;207(4437):1380-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7355297" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Auditory Pathways/physiology ; Auditory Perception/*physiology ; Brain/*physiology ; Female ; *Functional Laterality ; Humans ; Linguistics ; Male ; Speech Perception/*physiology ; Time Factors
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  • 42
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    Testosterone: a major determinant of extragenital sexual dimorphism (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-03-20
    Description: Sexual dimorphism in selected extragenital tissues is described with emphasis on the molecular basis of the differences. Testosterone rather than 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone appears to be the major intracellular androgen in organs other than skin and reproductive tract, but other steroid metabolites and their receptors are required to produce the diverse tissue differences observed in males and females. There is also evidence that multiple hormones from several endocrine glands are required to act in concert with androgens to produce and maintain their effects. Although many of the consequences of sexual dimorphism, such as body size and strength, have been evident for centuries, other differences between males and females such as disease incidence, response to drugs and toxins, and the metabolism and assimilation of dietary constituents have only recently been discovered.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bardin, C W -- Catterall, J F -- HD-13541/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Mar 20;211(4488):1285-94.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7010603" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome/metabolism ; Androgens/metabolism/physiology ; Animals ; Erythropoiesis ; Estradiol/physiology ; Humans ; Kidney/metabolism ; Liver/metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Muscles/metabolism ; Progestins/physiology ; Proteins/secretion ; Rats ; Receptors, Androgen/metabolism ; *Sex Differentiation ; Testosterone/metabolism/*physiology ; Transcription, Genetic
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    Saliva as a chemical cue in the development of social behavior (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-03-06
    Description: Throughout development, Mongolian gerbils engage in conspicuous naso-oral investigations of their social partners' mouth areas. The behavioral contribution of saliva-related stimuli in regulating oral-directed responses was studied during several important phases of the gerbil's social life. Weanlings were preferentially attracted to their mother's saliva, subadults at puberty preferred saliva of littermates to that of nonlittermates, and sexually experienced males preferred the saliva of estrous females to that of nonestrous females. The use of saliva as a discriminative cue during various developmental periods suggests that oral chemostimuli have a perennial role in regulating social interchanges.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Block, M L -- Volpe, L C -- Hayes, M J -- R03MH 27346/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Mar 6;211(4486):1062-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7466378" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Suckling/physiology ; Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Female ; Gerbillinae/*physiology ; Male ; Maternal Behavior ; Saliva/*physiology ; *Social Behavior
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    Living tissue formed in vitro and accepted as skin-equivalent tissue of full thickness (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-03-06
    Description: Living skin-equivalent grafts consisting of fibroblasts cast in collagen lattices and seeded with epidermal cells were successfully grafted onto the donors of the cells. The grafts were vascularized, did not evoke a homograft reaction, inhibited wound contraction, filled the wound space, and persisted.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bell, E -- Ehrlich, H P -- Buttle, D J -- Nakatsuji, T -- GN25561/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Mar 6;211(4486):1052-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7008197" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biocompatible Materials ; *Collagen ; Epidermis/cytology ; Extracellular Space ; Fibroblasts/*transplantation ; Graft Rejection ; Male ; Rats ; *Skin Transplantation ; Wound Healing
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  • 45
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    Chemical triggering of reproduction in Microtus montanus (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-10-02
    Description: In a replicated experiment, nonbreeding winter populations of Microtus montanus were given supplements of rolled oats coated with 6-methoxybenzoxazolinone, a naturally occurring plant derivative. After 3 weeks of this feeding regime, samples from the populations demonstrated a high incidence of pregnancy in females and testicular hypertrophy in males. Control populations receiving rolled oats coated only with the solvent showed no reproductive activity. These results demonstrate that the presence of 6-methoxybenzoxazolinone in the plant food resource acts as the ultimate cue to trigger reproductive effort in Microtus montanus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Berger, P J -- Negus, N C -- Sanders, E H -- Gardner, P D -- RR-07092/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Oct 2;214(4516):69-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7025210" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arvicolinae/*physiology ; Benzoxazoles/*pharmacology ; Diet ; Environment ; Female ; Male ; Plants ; Reproduction/*drug effects ; Seasons
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    Genetic studies of an acardiac monster: evidence of polar body twinning in man (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-08-14
    Description: Two maternally derived chromosome sets and both maternal histocompatibility antigen haplotypes were identified in the tissues of a malformed triploid acardiac twin that developed within the same chorion as its normal twin. These findings indicate that the twins arose as a result of independent fertilizations, by two different spermatozoa, of a normal haploid ovum and its diploid first-meiotic-division polar body.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bieber, F R -- Nance, W E -- Morton, C C -- Brown, J A -- Redwine, F O -- Jordan, R L -- Mohanakumar, T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Aug 14;213(4509):775-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7196086" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abnormalities, Severe Teratoid/*genetics ; Female ; Fertilization ; HLA Antigens/genetics ; Heart Defects, Congenital/*genetics ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Karyotyping ; Male ; Meiosis ; Polyploidy ; Pregnancy ; *Twins
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    Familial studies of intelligence: a review (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-05-29
    Description: A summary of 111 studies identified in a survey of the world literature on familial resemblances in measured intelligence reveals a profile of average correlations consistent with a polygenic mode of inheritance. There is, however, a marked degree of heterogeneity of the correlations within familial groupings, which is not moderated by sex of familial pairing or by type of intelligence test used.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bouchard, T J Jr -- McGue, M -- 5 T32 MH14647/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 29;212(4498):1055-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7195071" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Family ; Female ; *Genetics, Medical ; Humans ; *Intelligence ; Intelligence Tests ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Sex Factors ; Twins
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  • 48
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    Morphiceptin (NH4-tyr-pro-phe-pro-COHN2): a potent and specific agonist for morphine (mu) receptors (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-04-03
    Description: The synthetic peptide NH2-Tyr-Pro-Phe-Pro-CONH2 (morphiceptin), which is the amide of a fragment of the milk protein beta-casein, has morphinelike activities and is highly specific for morphine (mu) receptors but not for enkephalin (delta) receptors. It is as active as morphine in the guinea pig ileum but much less active in the mouse and rat vas deferens. The discovery of this specific morphine receptor ligand substantiates the hypothesis of multiple opiate receptors. The ligand, which may be of physiological significance since a very similar, or identical, activity can be detected in enzymatic digests of beta-casein, may prove useful for further investigation of the functions of opiate receptor subtypes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chang, K J -- Lillian, A -- Hazum, E -- Cuatrecasas, P -- Chang, J K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Apr 3;212(4490):75-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6259732" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Binding, Competitive ; Caseins/pharmacology ; Dihydromorphine/metabolism ; Endorphins/*pharmacology ; Enkephalins/metabolism ; Guanosine Triphosphate/pharmacology ; Guinea Pigs ; Ileum/drug effects ; Male ; Mice ; Naloxone/metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Opioid/*drug effects ; Sodium/pharmacology ; Vas Deferens/drug effects
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  • 49
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    Lactose facilitates the intestinal absorption of lead in weanling rats (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-01-02
    Description: The milk sugar lactose is known to facilitate calcium absorption and has been shown to enhance the uptake of essential trace metals from the intestines as well. Its physiological role as the major carbohydrate source for suckling mammals is thus complemented by its ability to facilitate the absorption of necessary minerals. The studies reported here show that the intestinal absorption of lead and its uptake into blood, liver, kidney, and bone are also increased by lactose in young weanling rats. These data extend the known range of lactose facilitation of mineral absorption to a nonessential, toxic element, confirming the nonspecificity of its action on the gut. In addition, they suggest an explanation for some of the conflicting evidence regarding the prophylactic efficacy of milk in lead poisoning.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bushnell, P J -- DeLuca, H F -- ES-05147/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 2;211(4477):61-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7444448" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Animals ; Disaccharides/pharmacology ; Hexoses/metabolism ; Intestinal Absorption/*drug effects ; Lactose/*pharmacology ; Lead/*metabolism ; Lead Poisoning/metabolism ; Male ; Milk/metabolism ; Rats ; Stimulation, Chemical ; Tissue Distribution
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  • 50
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    Entorhinal and septal inputs differentially control sensory-evoked responses in the rat dentate gyrus (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-03-13
    Description: Averaged sensory-evoked potentials were recorded from the outer molecular layer of the dentate gyrus in naive rats and in rats conditioned to respond in the presence of an auditory stimulus. Two components (negative peaks) of the potentials were functionally distinguished in terms of responsiveness to unique or conditioned auditory stimuli. Each component was independently generated by a separate input pathway to the dentate gyrus: The perforant path provided an "insignificance" or "unexpected" feature of the sensory stimulus when appropriate, and the septum controlled the development of a second component as a function of the behavioral significance of the stimulus during the acquisition of auditory discrimination behavior. A reciprocal relationship between the peak amplitudes of both components of the average evoked potentials dependent on the relative behavioral significance of the sensory stimulus was observed in all animals during extinction and reconditioning of the sensory discrimination task. The findings indicate that the entorhinal and septal projections to the dentate granule cells are activated differentially by sensory stimuli as a function of their acquired behavioral significance to the animal.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Deadwyler, S A -- West, M O -- Robinson, J H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Mar 13;211(4487):1181-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7466392" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Auditory Perception/physiology ; Discrimination Learning/*physiology ; Evoked Potentials ; Hippocampus/cytology/*physiology ; Male ; Neural Pathways/physiology ; Rats ; Septal Nuclei/cytology/*physiology
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    Electrical potentials in human brain during cognition: new method reveals dynamic patterns of correlation (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-08-21
    Description: A new technique has been developed for identifying, in humans, dynamic spatiotemporal electrical patterns of the brain during purposive behaviors. In this method, single-trial time-series correlations between brain macropotentials recorded from different scalp sites are analyzed by distribution-independent mathematical pattern recognition. Dynamic patterns of correlation clearly distinguished two brief visuomotor tasks differing only in type of mental judgement required (spatial or numeric). These complex patterns shifted in the anterior-posterior and left-right axes between successive 175-millisecond intervals, indicating that many areas in both cerebral hemispheres were involved even in these simple judgements. These patterns were not obtainable by conventional analysis of averaged evoked potentials or by linear analysis of correlations, suggesting that the new technique will advance the study of human brain activity related to cognition and goal-directed behaviors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gevins, A S -- Doyle, J C -- Cutillo, B A -- Schaffer, R E -- Tannehill, R S -- Ghannam, J H -- Gilcrease, V A -- Yeager, C L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Aug 21;213(4510):918-22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7256287" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Brain/*physiology ; *Cognition ; Electroencephalography ; *Evoked Potentials ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Pattern Recognition, Visual/physiology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Effects of prenatal sex hormones on gender-related behavior (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-03-20
    Description: Gender identity depends largely on postnatal environmental influences, while sex-dimorphic behavior and temperamental sex differences appear to be modified by prenatal sex hormones. A role of the prenatal endocrine milieu in the development of erotic partner preference, as in hetero-, homo-, or bisexual orientation, or of cognitive sex differences has not been conclusively demonstrated.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ehrhardt, A A -- Meyer-Bahlburg, H F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Mar 20;211(4488):1312-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7209510" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital/metabolism/psychology ; Adult ; Androgens/pharmacology ; Behavior/drug effects ; Child ; Cognition/drug effects ; Embryo, Mammalian/drug effects ; Estrogens/pharmacology ; Female ; *Gender Identity ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones/*pharmacology ; Humans ; *Identification (Psychology) ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications/drug therapy ; Progestins/pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Sexual Behavior/*drug effects
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Retrograde amnesia: possible role of mesencephalic reticular activation in long-term memory (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-09-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goldberg, E -- Antin, S P -- Bilder, R M Jr -- Gerstman, L J -- Hughes, J E -- Mattis, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Sep 18;213(4514):1392-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7268442" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Amnesia/etiology/*physiopathology ; Amnesia, Retrograde/physiopathology ; Humans ; Male ; Memory/*physiology ; Mesencephalon/injuries/*physiopathology ; Skull Fractures/complications
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    Increased intracranial self-stimulation in rats after long-term administration of desipramine (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-11-06
    Description: The effects of long- and short-term administration of the tricyclic antidepressant desipramine on intracranial self-stimulation in rats were studied with electrodes in the A10 region of the dopamine-containing cell bodies of the ventromedial tegmentum. Long-term desipramine administration resulted in a significant shift to the left in the ascending portion of the rate--current intensity function, indicating that the activity of the mesolimbic dopamine system was enhanced. These findings point to a possible dopaminergic mechanism of action of antidepressants and support speculations concerning the role of dopamine-containing neurons in the pathophysiology of depression.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fibiger, H C -- Phillips, A G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Nov 6;214(4521):683-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7197394" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Depression/physiopathology ; Desipramine/*administration & dosage ; Dopamine/*physiology ; Humans ; Limbic System/*physiology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Self Stimulation/*drug effects ; Time Factors
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    Female sex pheromone in the skin and circulation of a garter snake (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-11-06
    Description: Serums and extracts of tissues from the female garter snake (Thamnophis sirtalis parietalis) each act as a pheromone and elicit male courtship behavior when applied to the back of another male. Since pheromonal activity is present in yolk and liver tissue of untreated females and can be induced with estrogen treatment in the serums and livers of males, the pheromone may be associated with the circulating yolk lipoprotein, vitellogenin.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Garstka, W R -- Crews, D -- 1 KOZ MH 00135/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- HD 12709/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Nov 6;214(4521):681-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7292007" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Female ; Lipids/physiology ; Liver/physiology ; Male ; Pheromones/*metabolism ; Sex Attractants/blood/*metabolism ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/physiology ; Skin/metabolism ; Snakes/*physiology ; Vitellogenins/physiology
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    Vagotomy abolishes cues of satiety produced by gastric distension (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-06-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gonzalez, M F -- Deutsch, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 12;212(4500):1283-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233218" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Feeding Behavior ; Kinetics ; Male ; Rats ; *Satiation ; *Satiety Response ; Stomach/*physiology ; *Vagotomy
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    Rapid massive assembly of tight junction strands (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-07-31
    Description: Incubation at 37 degrees C of excised rat prostate tissue results in massive proliferative assembly of new tight junction strands along the entire lengths of the lateral plasma membranes of the columnar epithelial cells. The new tight junction elements are assembled within 5 minutes and have an average length six times that of those present in the apical tight junction band. Massive assembly occurs in the presence of protein synthesis inhibitors (cycloheximide) or of metabolic uncouplers (dinitrophenol). Thus, proliferative assembly of tight junction strands involves molecular reorganization from a pool of preexisting, probably membrane-associated, components. The fascia occludens and some examples of experimentally induced tight junction proliferation may reflect the massive emergence of tight junction strands when tissue is subjected to diverse stressful conditions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kachar, B -- Pinto da Silva, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 31;213(4507):541-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7244652" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cycloheximide/pharmacology ; Dinitrophenols/pharmacology ; Intercellular Junctions/drug effects/*physiology/ultrastructure ; Male ; Prostate/physiology/ultrastructure ; Rats
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    An endocrine approach to the control of epidermal growth: serum-free cultivation of human keratinocytes (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-03-27
    Description: Human keratinocytes, derived from the skin of newborns and of adults, were grown in the complete absence of serum, in a hormone-supplemented medium on fibronectin-coated cell culture dishes at low seed density. The cell culture medium consisted of Medium 199 containing epidermal growth factor, triiodothyronine, hydrocortisone, Cohn fraction IV, insulin, transferrin, bovine brain extract, and trace elements. Removal of the brain extract from the hormone supplement had a greater negative impact on proliferation of the keratinocyte cultures than did the removal of epidermal growth factor, hydrocortisone, and triiodothyronine or Cohn fraction IV. The growth of keratinocytes in this hormone-supplemented medium suggests that control of keratinocyte growth depends in large part on endocrine stimulation by other body organs, including the brain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maciag, T -- Nemore, R E -- Weinstein, R -- Gilchrest, B A -- AG 0599/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- HO 07374/HO/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Mar 27;211(4489):1452-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6970413" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Brain Chemistry ; Culture Media ; Culture Techniques/*methods ; Epidermal Growth Factor/*pharmacology ; Face ; Fibronectins ; Hormones/*pharmacology ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mitogens/pharmacology ; Penis ; Peptides/*pharmacology ; Skin/*cytology/drug effects
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    Hibernation and longevity in the Turkish hamster Mesocricetus brandti (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-05-08
    Description: A positive correlation was found between the length of life of 288 Turkish hamsters and the amount of time spent in hibernation, suggesting that the process of aging is slowed during hibernation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lyman, C P -- O'Brien, R C -- Greene, G C -- Papafrangos, E D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 8;212(4495):668-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7221552" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aging ; Animals ; Cricetinae/*physiology ; Female ; *Hibernation ; *Longevity ; Male ; Mesocricetus/*physiology ; Sex Factors ; Stress, Physiological/physiopathology ; Temperature
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    Sexual differentiation of the central nervous system (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-03-20
    Description: Sexual differentiation of reproductive and behavior patterns is largely effected by hormones produced by the gonads. In many higher vertebrates, an integral part of this process is the induction of permanent and essentially irreversible sex differences in central nervous function, in response to gonadal hormones secreted early in development.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉MacLusky, N J -- Naftolin, F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Mar 20;211(4488):1294-302.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6163211" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Androgens/metabolism/physiology ; Animals ; Birds/physiology ; Brain/metabolism ; Central Nervous System/*embryology/physiology ; Estrogens/physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mammals/physiology ; Morphogenesis ; Ovary/secretion ; Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism ; Receptors, Steroid/metabolism ; Sex Characteristics ; Sex Determination Analysis ; *Sex Differentiation ; Testis/secretion ; Time Factors ; alpha-Fetoproteins/physiology
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    Modulation of parallel fiber excitability by postsynaptically mediated changes in extracellular potassium (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-10-16
    Description: Field potentials and extracellular potassium concentration ([K+]o) were simultaneously monitored in the molecular layer of the rat cerebellar cortex during stimulation of the parallel fibers. The synaptic field potential elicited by stimulation was reduced by several methods. Reduction of synaptic field potentials was accompanied by a marked increase in the excitability of the parallel fibers. This change in excitability was related to the degree of extracellular K+ accumulation associated with parallel fiber stimulation. These findings support the proposal that increases in [K+]o associated with activity in postsynaptic elements can modulate the excitability of presynaptic afferent fibers.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Malenka, R C -- Kocsis, J D -- Ransom, B R -- Waxman, S G -- NS 15589/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS-00473/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Oct 16;214(4518):339-41.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7280695" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Afferent Pathways/*physiology ; Animals ; Calcium/physiology ; Cerebellar Cortex/*physiology ; Evoked Potentials ; Extracellular Space/physiology ; Male ; Manganese/pharmacology ; Membrane Potentials ; Potassium/*physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Synapses/*physiology
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    Intrathecal interferon reduces exacerbations of multiple sclerosis (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-11-27
    Description: Ten patients with multiple sclerosis who were treated with human fibroblast interferon (IFN-B) for 6 months showed a significant reduction in their exacerbation rates compared with their rates before treatment (P 〈 .01). The IFN-B was administered intrathecally by serial lumbar punctures. There was no significant change in the exacerbation rates of ten multiple sclerosis control patients before and during the period of observation. The IFN-B recipients have now been on the study a mean of 1.5 years, the controls, 1.2 years. The clinical condition of five of the IFN-B recipients and one of the control patients has improved, whereas the condition of five of the controls and one of the IFN-B recipients has deteriorated (P 〈 .036). These findings warrant cautious optimism about the efficacy of intrathecal IFN-B in altering the course of multiple sclerosis and support concepts of a viral or dysimmune etiology of the disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jacobs, L -- O'Malley, J -- Freeman, A -- Ekes, R -- CA-18533/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Nov 27;214(4524):1026-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6171035" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Female ; Fibroblasts ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Interferons/*therapeutic use ; Male ; Multiple Sclerosis/*drug therapy
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    Cancer incidence in the Love Canal area (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-06-19
    Description: Data from the New York Cancer Registry show no evidence for higher cancer rates associated with residence near the Love Canal toxic waste burial site in comparison with the entire state outside of New York City. Rates of liver cancer, lymphoma, and leukemia, which were selected for special attention, were not consistently elevated. Among the other cancers studied, a higher rate was noted only for respiratory cancer, but it was not consistent across age groups and appeared to be related to a high rate for the entire city of Niagara Falls. There was no evidence that the lung cancer rate was associated with the toxic wastes buried at the dump site.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Janerich, D T -- Burnett, W S -- Feck, G -- Hoff, M -- Nasca, P -- Polednak, A P -- Greenwald, P -- Vianna, N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 19;212(4501):1404-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233229" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Carcinogens ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia/epidemiology ; Liver Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Lymphoma/epidemiology ; Male ; Neoplasms/*epidemiology ; New York ; Registries ; Soil Pollutants/*adverse effects
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    Electroconvulsive shock increases tyrosine hydroxylase activity in the brain and adrenal gland of the rat (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-11-06
    Description: A single application of electroconvulsive shock produced a rapid but short-lasting increase in tyrosine hydroxylase activity above control values in the rat adrenal medulla and striatum. After repeated electroconvulsive shock treatment (once per day for 7 days), tyrosine hydroxylase activity increased significantly in the locus ceruleus, nucleus of the tractus solitarius, hippocampus, cerebellum, and frontal cortex and remained elevated for 4 to 8 days. Adrenal tyrosine hydroxylase activity increased 1 day after the termination of repeated electroconvulsive shock treatments and remained elevated for at least 24 days, possibly reflecting the establishment of a new and higher steady-state level of catecholamine biosynthesis in the adrenal. These findings suggest that the persistent changes in tyrosine hydroxylase activity produced by repeated electroconvulsive shock may be a factor contributing to the long-lasting antidepressant effects of this treatment.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Masserano, J M -- Takimoto, G S -- Weiner, N -- NS 07927/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS 09199/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Nov 6;214(4521):662-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6117127" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenal Glands/*enzymology ; Animals ; Brain/*enzymology ; Corpus Striatum/enzymology ; *Electroshock ; Enzyme Induction ; Locus Coeruleus/enzymology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Time Factors ; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase/*metabolism
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    Carcinogenicity in mice of mutagenic compounds from a tryptophan pyrolyzate (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-07-17
    Description: The compounds 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole and 3-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole, which are potent mutagens in a tryptophan pyrolyzate, ar hepatic carcinogens when given orally to mice at concentrations of 200 parts per million in a pellet diet. Female mice showed higher susceptibilities to both compounds than male mice.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Matsukura, N -- Kawachi, T -- Morino, K -- Ohgaki, H -- Sugimura, T -- Takayama, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 17;213(4505):346-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7244619" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Carbolines/*pharmacology ; *Carcinogens ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; Female ; Indoles/*pharmacology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Mutagens/*pharmacology ; Neoplasms, Experimental/chemically induced ; Sex Factors
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    Stimulation of intestinal calcium transport and bone calcium mobilization by prolactin in vitamin D-deficient rats (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-11-27
    Description: In vitamin D-deficient rats intestinal calcium transport increased significantly 4 hours after an injection of prolactin, reached a maximum after 8 hours, and declined to preinjection levels after 24 hours. Similarly, in vitamin D-deficient rats fed a diet low in calcium or phosphorus prolactin stimulated an increase in serum calcium in both groups and an increase in serum phosphorus in the rats fed the diet low in phosphorus. Thus it appears that prolactin affects organs involved in calcium regulation in a manner that is independent of the vitamin D endocrine system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pahuja, D N -- DeLuca, H F -- AM-14881/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Nov 27;214(4524):1038-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7302575" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bone and Bones/drug effects/*metabolism ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Intestinal Absorption/*drug effects ; Intestine, Small/drug effects/*metabolism ; Male ; Prolactin/*pharmacology ; Rats ; Vitamin D Deficiency/*metabolism
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    Immunohistochemical demonstration of a testicular substance related to luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-09-11
    Description: A substance related to luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone was demonstrated, by immunohistochemical procedures, in the cytoplasm of interstitial cells within the rat testes. In many seminiferous tubules, nuclei of spermatogonial cells were also immunopositive. Both cytoplasmic and nuclear fractions of testicular homogenates contain immunoreactive compounds, and this report identifies which cell types contain this substance. The localization of a peptide hormone within the nucleus of a target cell population may indicate its mode of action.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Paull, W K -- Turkelson, C M -- Thomas, C R -- Arimura, A -- HD14761/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Sep 11;213(4513):1263-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7022653" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibody Specificity ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Cytoplasm/metabolism ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/immunology/*metabolism ; Humans ; Immunologic Techniques ; Leydig Cells/metabolism ; Male ; Rats ; Spermatogonia/metabolism ; Testis/*metabolism
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Brain tumors in children and occupational exposure of parents (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-07-10
    Description: Ninety-two cases of brain tumor in children less than 10 years old were compared with 92 matched controls for parental occupational history. Cases were more likely than controls to show material occupations involving chemical exposure, paternal occupations involving solvents, and employment of father in the aircraft industry. These three factors were not affected by adjustment for the potential confounding variables examined in this study.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Peters, F M -- Preston-Martin, S -- Yu, M C -- P01CA17054/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01CA20571/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 10;213(4504):235-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7244631" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Air Pollutants/*adverse effects ; Air Pollutants, Occupational/*adverse effects ; Brain Neoplasms/*chemically induced ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; *Maternal-Fetal Exchange ; Pregnancy ; Respiration ; Risk ; Skin Absorption ; Solvents
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    Auditory intensity discrimination after selective loss of cochlear outer hair cells (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-06-12
    Description: The contributions of the inner and outer hair cells of the mammalian cochlea to auditory intensity discrimination were evaluated in a combined behavioral-anatomical study of the guinea pig. Intensity difference thresholds were unchanged from baseline values after selective destruction of outer hair cells, suggesting that those cells are unnecessary for normal intensity discrimination.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Prosen, C A -- Moody, D B -- Stebbins, W C -- Hawkins, J E Jr -- NS 05065/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS 05785/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS 15108/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 12;212(4500):1286-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233219" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acoustic Stimulation ; Animals ; *Auditory Threshold/drug effects ; Guinea Pigs ; Hair Cells, Auditory/*physiology ; Hair Cells, Auditory, Inner/drug effects/physiology ; *Hearing/drug effects ; Kanamycin/pharmacology ; Male
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    Copper deficiency suppresses the immune response of mice (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-07-31
    Description: Mice fed a purified diet low in copper display anemia, hypoceruloplasminemia, depressed concentrations of liver copper, and elevated concentrations of liver iron. An impaired humoral-mediated immune response (decreased numbers of antibody-producing cells) is observed in mice with severe as well as marginal copper deficiency. The magnitude of this impairment is highly correlated with the degree of functional copper deficiency (hypoceruloplasminemia).〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Prohaska, J R -- Lukasewycz, O A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 31;213(4507):559-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7244654" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibody Formation/*drug effects ; Body Weight/drug effects ; Ceruloplasmin/metabolism ; Copper/*deficiency/pharmacology ; Female ; Hemoglobins/metabolism ; Iron/metabolism ; Liver/metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Organ Size/drug effects ; Sex Factors ; Spleen/drug effects
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    Medical therapies for mood disorders alter the blood-brain barrier (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-07-24
    Description: The effects of amitriptyline, lithium, and electroconvulsive shock on cerebral permeability and blood flow were tested. These three treatments share in common (i) the ability to influence the functional activity of central adrenergic neurons by way of effects on the release, reuptake, or metabolism of norepinephrine and (ii) therapeutic efficacy in mood disturbances. Under control conditions, cerebral permeability increases linealy with increasing arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide and hence cerebral blood flow. All three treatments altered this relationship in a manner consistent with their adrenergic effects. Amitriptyline potentiated this increase in cerebral permeability whereas lithium and electroconvulsive shock blunted this phenomenon. These results support the hypothesis that one function of central adrenergic neurons is regulation of the blood-brain barrier and raise the possibility that a related effect may underlie the clinical usefulness of such treatment.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Preskorn, S H -- Irwin, G H -- Simpson, S -- Friesen, D -- Rinne, J -- Jerkovich, G -- GM15956/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- MH-00272/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- NS17252/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 24;213(4506):469-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7244645" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amitriptyline/*pharmacology ; Animals ; Blood-Brain Barrier/*drug effects ; Brain/drug effects/*metabolism ; Electroshock ; Lithium/*pharmacology ; Male ; Rats ; Regional Blood Flow/drug effects
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  • 72
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    Vitamin D--dependent calcium binding protein: immunocytochemical localization in chick kidney (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-10-09
    Description: A vitamin D--dependent calcium binding protein in the chick kidney that was detected by immunocytochemical techniques was localized exclusively in the distal convoluted tubule, the initial collecting tubule, and the early part of the collecting tubule. The intercalated (mitochondria-rich) cells in these tubular segments were negative for the calcium binding protein. Subcellularly, the protein was found in the cytosol and the nucleus of the tubular cells. The results suggest a role for vitamin D--dependent calcium binding protein in intracellular calcium metabolism rather than a direct involvement in membrane-mediated calcium reabsorption in the avian kidney.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Roth, J -- Thorens, B -- Hunziker, W -- Norman, A W -- Orci, L -- AM-09012/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM-14, 750/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Oct 9;214(4517):197-200.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7025212" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Calcium-Binding Proteins/*metabolism ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Chickens ; Cytoplasm/metabolism ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Kidney/*metabolism/ultrastructure ; Kidney Tubules/metabolism ; Male ; S100 Calcium Binding Protein G/immunology/*metabolism
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    Cognitive interaction after staged callosal section: evidence for transfer of semantic activation (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-04-17
    Description: Sensory and cognitive functions were assessed in a right-handed male before and after partial and complete callosal commissurotomy. After the initial posterior section was made, there was no evidence of interhemispheric sensory transfer, although the left hemisphere did have access to stimulus-related semantic and episodic information from the right hemisphere. After the callosum was completely sectioned, this exchange was no longer observed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sidtis, J J -- Volpe, B T -- Holtzman, J D -- Wilson, D H -- Gazzaniga, M S -- 2 R01 NS15053-02/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- RR001-02/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Apr 17;212(4492):344-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6782673" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Cognition/*physiology ; Cognition Disorders/*physiopathology ; Corpus Callosum/*physiology/surgery ; Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic/surgery ; Humans ; Language Disorders/*physiopathology ; Male ; Methods ; Perception/physiology ; Perceptual Disorders/*physiopathology ; Postoperative Complications/physiopathology ; Sensation/*physiology
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    Pentobarbital: dual actions to increase brain benzodiazepine receptor affinity (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-03-27
    Description: The binding of [3H]diazepam to benzodiazepine receptors was studied in extensively washed membranes of rat cerebral cortex in the presence of the depressant barbiturate, pentobarbital. Pentobarbital, like the endogenous neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), increased the basal binding and also potentiated the GABA-enhanced binding of [3H]diazepam to benzodiazepine receptors by increasing the apparent affinity of [3H]diazepam for the benzodiazepine receptor. The concentrations of pentobarbital necessary to elicit these effects in vitro are the same as those observed after treatment with pharmacologically relevant doses, suggesting that a common neurochemical association may exist between these types of compounds.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Skolnick, P -- Moncada, V -- Barker, J L -- Paul, S M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Mar 27;211(4489):1448-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6258230" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cerebral Cortex/drug effects ; Chlorides/metabolism ; Diazepam/metabolism ; Male ; Pentobarbital/*pharmacology ; Rats ; Receptors, Drug/*drug effects/metabolism ; Receptors, GABA-A ; Stimulation, Chemical ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/pharmacology
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    Studies in histocompatibility (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-07-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Snell, G D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 10;213(4504):172-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7017931" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Animals ; Antigens, Neoplasm/genetics ; Antigens, Viral/genetics ; Antigens, Viral, Tumor ; Female ; Genetic Linkage ; Genotype ; H-2 Antigens/genetics ; Heterozygote ; *Major Histocompatibility Complex ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics/*immunology ; Pedigree ; Rats ; Species Specificity
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  • 76
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    Biopterin cofactor biosynthesis: independent regulation of GTP cyclohydrolase in adrenal medulla and cortex (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-07-17
    Description: Guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase, the enzyme that is apparently rate-limiting in biopterin biosynthesis, is increased in adrenal cortex and medulla of rats treated with insulin or reserpine. Denervation and hypophysectomy block the increase in medullary and cortical enzyme activity, respectively, whereas cycloheximide presents the increase in both tissues. These results provide evidence for induction and regulation of guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Viveros, O H -- Lee, C L -- Abou-Donia, M M -- Nixon, J C -- Nichol, C A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 17;213(4505):349-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7017928" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenal Cortex/drug effects/*enzymology ; Adrenal Glands/innervation ; Adrenal Medulla/drug effects/*enzymology ; Aminohydrolases/*metabolism ; Animals ; Biopterin/*biosynthesis ; Cycloheximide/pharmacology ; Denervation ; GTP Cyclohydrolase/*metabolism ; Hypophysectomy ; Insulin/pharmacology ; Kinetics ; Male ; Organ Specificity ; Pteridines/*biosynthesis ; Rats ; Reserpine/pharmacology
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    Meprobamate reduces accuracy of physiological detection of deception (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-04-03
    Description: Normal male subjects attempted to deceive an experimenter recording electrodermal, respiratory, an cardiovascular activity. Those who had ingested a placebo or nothing were detected with statistically significant frequency on the basis of their phasic electrodermal responses, which clearly distinguished them from truthful suspects. That was not the case with deceptive subjects who had ingested 400 milligrams of meprobamate, nor did the examiner detect which subjects had received the drug.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Waid, W M -- Orne, E C -- Cook, M R -- Orne, M T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Apr 3;212(4490):71-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7209522" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Blood Pressure/drug effects ; Double-Blind Method ; Galvanic Skin Response/drug effects ; Humans ; *Lie Detection ; Male ; Meprobamate/*pharmacology ; Overlearning ; Respiration/drug effects ; Stress, Psychological/physiology
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    Vitellogenesis and the vitellogenin gene family (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-04-17
    Description: Vitellogenin is synthesized under estrogen control in the liver, extensively modified, transported to the ovary, and there processed to the yolk proteins lipovitellin and phosvitin. In the frog Xenopus laevis there are at least four distinct but related vitellogenin genes. The two genes A1 and A2 have a 95 percent sequence homology in their messenger RNA coding regions, and contain 33 introns that interrupt the coding region (exons) at homologous positions. Sequences and lengths of analogous introns differ, and many introns contain repetitive DNA elements. The introns in these two genes that have apparently arisen by duplication have diverged extensively by events that include deletions, insertions, and probably duplications. Rapid evolutionary change involving rearrangements and the presence of repeated DNA suggests that the bulk of the sequences within introns may not have any specific function.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wahli, W -- Dawid, I B -- Ryffel, G U -- Weber, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Apr 17;212(4492):298-304.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7209528" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; Estrogens/physiology ; Female ; *Genes ; Lipoproteins/*genetics ; Liver/secretion ; Male ; Oocytes/metabolism ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Vitellogenins/biosynthesis/*genetics ; Xenopus laevis/*genetics/metabolism
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    Effects of vasopressin on human memory functions (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-02-06
    Description: Arginine vasopressin and a number of its synthetic analogs augment memory functions in experimental animals. One of these analogs, 1-desamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin (DDAVP), influences human learning and memory. Cognitively unimpaired, as well as cognitively impaired adults, treated with DDAVP for a period of several days, learn information more effectively, as measured by the completeness, organization, and consistency (reliability) of recall. DDAVP also appears to reverse partially the retrograde amnesia that follows electroconvulsive treatment.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weingartner, H -- Gold, P -- Ballenger, J C -- Smallberg, S A -- Summers, R -- Rubinow, D R -- Post, R M -- Goodwin, F K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Feb 6;211(4482):601-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7455701" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Arginine Vasopressin/*pharmacology ; Cognition/drug effects ; Deamino Arginine Vasopressin/pharmacology ; Depression/physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Learning/*drug effects ; Male ; Memory/*drug effects ; Middle Aged
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  • 80
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    The hormonal control of sexual development (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-03-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wilson, J D -- George, F W -- Griffin, J E -- AM03892/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Mar 20;211(4488):1278-84.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7010602" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anti-Mullerian Hormone ; Estradiol/metabolism/*physiology ; Female ; *Glycoproteins ; Gonadotropins/physiology ; *Growth Inhibitors ; Humans ; Male ; Morphogenesis ; Mullerian Ducts ; Ovary/embryology ; Rabbits ; Receptors, Androgen/metabolism ; *Sex Differentiation ; Testicular Hormones/*physiology ; Testis/embryology/secretion ; Testosterone/metabolism/*physiology ; Time Factors ; Urogenital System/embryology ; Wolffian Ducts
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  • 81
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    Genetically determined deficiency of the third component of complement in the dog (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-06-05
    Description: A genetically determined deficiency of the third component of complement (C3) has been identified in a colony of Brittany spaniels. Immunochemical methods show no detectable C3 in the serum of the affected dogs, and there is no evidence of an inhibitor of C3 in the serum. The C3 deficiency appears to be transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Winkelstein, J A -- Cork, L C -- Griffin, D E -- Griffin, J W -- Adams, R J -- Price, D L -- AI-11637/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- NS-10580/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- RR-00130/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 5;212(4499):1169-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233211" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Complement C3/deficiency/*genetics ; Dog Diseases/genetics ; Dogs ; Female ; Genes, Recessive ; Heterozygote Detection ; Homozygote ; Male ; Muscular Atrophy/genetics/veterinary ; Pedigree
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  • 82
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    Gene for neuraminidase activity on mouse chromosome 17 near h-2: pleiotropic effects on multiple hydrolases (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-04-03
    Description: The low activity of liver neuraminidase that is characteristic of mouse strain SM/J is inherited as a single gene on chromosome 17, near the major histocompatibility complex. This gene, neuraminidase-1 (Neu-1), is represented by the low activity allele Neu-1s in SM/J and the high activity allele Neu-1b in C57BL/6J and most other strains. Previously described variations in the posttranslational processing of acid phosphatase, alpha-mannosidase, arylsulfatase-B, and alpha-glucosidase are attributed to pleiotropic effects of this gene.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Womack, J E -- Yan, D L -- Potier, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Apr 3;212(4490):63-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7209520" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Animals ; Chromosome Mapping ; Female ; H-2 Antigens/genetics ; Hydrolases/*metabolism ; Liver/enzymology ; Major Histocompatibility Complex ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains/*genetics/metabolism ; Neuraminidase/*genetics ; Protein Precursors/*metabolism ; Recombination, Genetic ; Sialic Acids/metabolism
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  • 83
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    Stress-induced analgesia in humans: endogenous opioids and naloxone-reversible depression of pain reflexes (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-05-08
    Description: The cumulative effects of a repetitive stress induced by anticipation of pain (noxious foot shock) were studied on the threshold of a nociceptive flexion reflex of the lower limb. The threshold of the nociceptive reflex progressively increased with the repetition of the stress. This effect was reversed by naloxone, which even produced hyperalgesia, since a rapid and significant decrease in this threshold, below the initial values, was noted. Tha data provide evidence for involvement of endogenous opioids in the phenomenon of stress-induced analgesia in normal man.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Willer, J C -- Dehen, H -- Cambier, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 8;212(4495):689-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6261330" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Naloxone/pharmacology ; Pain/*physiopathology ; Receptors, Opioid/*physiology ; Reflex/drug effects ; Stress, Psychological/*physiopathology
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  • 84
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    Electroencephalographic tolerance and abstinence phenomena during repeated alcohol ingestion by nonalcoholics (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-06-05
    Description: Certain measures of the auditory average evoked response are sensitive to alcohol and provide evidence for abstinence and tolerance during and after 10 days of alcohol consumption by nonalcoholics. Electroencephalographic techniques provide a single sensitive measure for the study of the etiology of tolerance and abstinence with particular reference to a new area of investigation with nonaddicted humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zilm, D H -- Kaplan, H L -- Capell, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 5;212(4499):1175-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233213" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acoustic Stimulation ; *Alcohol Drinking ; Alcoholism/*physiopathology ; Ethanol/pharmacology ; Evoked Potentials/drug effects ; Eye Movements/drug effects ; Heart Rate/drug effects ; Humans ; Male ; Memory/drug effects ; Posture/drug effects ; *Substance Withdrawal Syndrome
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  • 85
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    Induced hearing deficit generates experimental paranoia (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-06-26
    Description: The development of paranoid reactions was investigated in normal people experiencing a temporary loss of hearing. In a social setting, subjects made partially deaf by hypnotic suggestion, but kept unaware of the source of their deafness, became more paranoid as indicated on a variety of assessment measures. The results support a hypothesizes cognitive-social mechanism for the clinically observed relationship between paranoia and deafness in the elderly.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zimbardo, P G -- Andersen, S M -- Kabat, L G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 26;212(4502):1529-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233242" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Hearing Loss/*psychology ; Hearing Loss, Functional/*psychology ; Humans ; Hypnosis ; Male ; Paranoid Disorders/*etiology ; Personality Tests
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  • 86
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    Drug discrimination learning in lead-exposed rats (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-05-01
    Description: Lead acetate (0.02 or 0.5 percent) was administered to dams throughout the lactation period with half of the litters continuing on lead after weaning. Drug thresholds for d-amphetamine were determined by using the drug-discrimination learning paradigm. All the offspring that had been exposed to lead were less sensitive to the stimulus properties of d-amphetamine irrespective of whether or not they had continued on lead after weaning.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zenick, H -- Goldsmith, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 1;212(4494):569-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7209554" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/drug effects ; Dextroamphetamine/*pharmacology ; Discrimination Learning/*physiology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Fetus/drug effects ; Lead Poisoning/*physiopathology ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Rats
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  • 87
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    Reexamination of acoustic evidence in the Kennedy assassination. Committee on Ballistic Acoustics, National Research Council (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-10-08
    Description: Sounds recorded in Dallas at the time of the assassination of John F. Kennedy were analyzed by two research groups, whose reports formed the basis for the opinion that two gunmen fired at President Kennedy. These reports and the acoustic evidence have been studied by the Committee on Ballistic Acoustics, and further acoustic analyses, including sound spectrograms, have been performed. The committee finds that the acoustic data do not support a conclusion that a second gunman was involved in the assassination.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 8;218(4568):127-33.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6750789" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acoustics ; *Famous Persons ; *Forensic Medicine ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Male ; Texas ; *Wounds, Gunshot
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  • 88
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    Prenatal and neonatal exposure to cimetidine results in gonadal and sexual dysfunction in adult males (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-10-29
    Description: Exposure of rats to cimetidine during intrauterine life and the immediate neonatal period results in hypoandrogenization in adult life with decreased weights of androgen-dependent tissues and decreased concentrations of testosterone. Moreover, sexual behavior patterns in adult life are disturbed as shown by a lack of sexual motivation and decreased performance.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Anand, S -- Van Thiel, D H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 29;218(4571):493-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123252" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced/*etiology ; Animals ; Animals, Suckling ; Cimetidine/metabolism/*toxicity ; Female ; Guanidines/*toxicity ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Animal/drug effects ; Rats ; Sex Differentiation/*drug effects ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/drug effects
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  • 89
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    Stereoisomers of N-allylnormetazocine: phencyclidine-like behavioral effects in squirrel monkeys and rats (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-01-08
    Description: (+/-)-N-Allylnormetazocine is a benzomorphan opioid with psychotomimetic effects. The pure stereoisomers of this compound, as well as the racemic mixture, were compared to phencyclidine for their behavioral effects on squirrel monkeys and rats trained to discriminate phencyclidine from saline. Dose-response determinations were made for responses to phencyclidine, to a racemic mixture of N-allylnormetazocine, and to the pure levo and dextro isomers of N-allylnormetazocine. In both rats and monkeys, the dextro isomer and the racemic mixture produced dose-dependent responses appropriate for phencyclidine; the levo isomer did not produce the responses appropriate for phencyclidine at any of the doses tested. In both species, the levo isomer was more potent than the dextro isomer in decreasing the rate of responding. Thus racemic N-allylnormetazocine is a mixture of compounds that produce different behavioral effects.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brady, K T -- Balster, R L -- May, E L -- DA-00490/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- DA-01442/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 8;215(4529):178-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6274022" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*drug effects ; Male ; Naloxone/pharmacology ; Phenazocine/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Phencyclidine/pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Receptors, Opioid/drug effects ; Saimiri ; Stereoisomerism ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 90
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    Ethanol in low doses augments calcium-mediated mechanisms measured intracellularly in hippocampal neurons (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-01-15
    Description: The electrophysiological effects of ethanol in low doses (5 to 20 millimoles per liter or 23 to 92 milligrams per 100 milliliters) were examined intracellularly in CA1 cells of rat hippocampus in vitro. Inhibitory and excitatory postsynaptic potentials were increased when ethanol was applied to the respective synaptic terminal regions. Postsynaptically, ethanol caused a moderate hyperpolarization with increased membrane conductance, even when synaptic transmission was blocked. Ethanol augmented the hyperpolarization that followed repetitive firing or that followed the eliciting of calcium spikes in the presence of tetrodotoxin, but not the rapid afterhyperpolarization in calcium-free medium. Ethanol appears to augment calcium-mediated mechanisms both pre- and postsynaptically.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carlen, P L -- Gurevich, N -- Durand, D -- R01 NS16660-01/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 15;215(4530):306-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7053581" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Calcium/physiology ; Electric Conductivity ; Ethanol/*pharmacology ; Hippocampus/*drug effects/physiology ; Male ; Membrane Potentials/drug effects ; Potassium/physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Synaptic Membranes/drug effects ; Tetrodotoxin/pharmacology
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  • 91
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    Theory and observation in cultural transmission (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-10-01
    Description: Cultural phenomena may show considerable stability over time and space. Transmission mechanisms responsible for their maintenance are worthy of theoretical and empirical inquiry; they are complex and each possible pathway has different effects on evolutionary stability of traits, as can be shown theoretically. A survey designed to evaluate the importance of some components of cultural transmission on a variety of traits showed that religion and politics are mostly determined in the family, a mode of transmission which guarantees high evolutionary stability and maintenance of high variation between and within groups.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cavalli-Sforza, L L -- Feldman, M W -- Chen, K H -- Dornbusch, S M -- 10452/PHS HHS/ -- 20467/PHS HHS/ -- 20816/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 1;218(4567):19-27.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123211" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Attitude ; Child ; Cultural Characteristics ; *Culture ; Family ; Female ; Humans ; *Interpersonal Relations ; Male ; Marriage ; Models, Psychological ; *Parent-Child Relations
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  • 92
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    Substantia nigra: site of anticonvulsant activity mediated by gamma-aminobutyric acid (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-12-17
    Description: Localization of the anatomic substrate for anticonvulsant activity mediated by gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) was examined using intracerebral injections of GABA agonists. Blockade of tonic hindlimb extension in the maximal electroshock test and blockade of tonic and clonic seizures produced by pentylenetetrazole and bicuculline were obtained by elevating GABA in the ventral midbrain tegmentum. Elevation of GABA in forebrain and hindbrain areas had no effect on convulsant activity. Blockade of tonic and clonic seizures was also obtained after microinjections of the direct GABA receptor agonist, muscimol, into the midbrain. The substantia nigra was identified as the critical midbrain site for GABA-mediated anticonvulsant activity. Local injection of GABA agonists into the midbrain provided seizure protection without a widespread augmentation of GABA-mediated activity throughout the brain and without impairing either alertness or motor function. Synapses in the substantia nigra appear to represent an important control mechanism for inhibiting the propagation of generalized convulsions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Iadarola, M J -- Gale, K -- DA 02206/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- MH32359/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 17;218(4578):1237-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7146907" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bicuculline/pharmacology ; Brain Mapping ; GABA Antagonists ; Male ; Muscimol/pharmacology ; Pentylenetetrazole/pharmacology ; Rats ; Seizures/*physiopathology ; Substantia Nigra/*physiology ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/*physiology
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  • 93
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    Growth hormone stimulates longitudinal bone growth directly (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-06-11
    Description: Local administration of human growth hormone in vivo to the cartilage growth plate of the proximal tibia of hypophysectomized rats resulted in accelerated longitudinal bone growth. This finding suggests that growth hormone directly stimulates the cells in the growth plate, and does not support the theory that the increase in the plasma concentration of somatomedin that follows growth hormone administration is the cause of this stimulation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Isaksson, O G -- Jansson, J O -- Gause, I A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 11;216(4551):1237-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7079756" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bone Development/*drug effects ; Bone and Bones/*drug effects ; Growth Hormone/*pharmacology ; Male ; Prolactin/pharmacology ; Rats ; Somatomedins/pharmacology ; Stimulation, Chemical
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  • 94
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    Serial position curve in rats: role of the dorsal hippocampus (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-10-08
    Description: In an eight-arm radial maze, normal rats demonstrated good immediate retention for the order of first items (primacy component of serial position curve) and last items (recency component of serial position curve) of an eight-item (arm) list. In contrast, rats with dorsal hippocampal lesions displayed, on an immediate retention test, disruption of the primacy but not the recency component of the serial position curve. Furthermore, imposing a 10-minute delay before the retention test impaired all components of the serial position curve. These results support correspondence in mnemonic function of the hippocampus in animals and humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kesner, R P -- Novak, J M -- RR07092-12/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 8;218(4568):173-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123228" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Hippocampus/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Male ; Memory/drug effects ; Rats ; *Serial Learning
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  • 95
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    Velocity signals related to hand movements recorded from red nucleus neurons in monkeys (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-08-27
    Description: Neural activity of the red nucleus was studied in monkeys trained to operate devices requiring shoulder, elbow, wrist, hand, or finger movements. Single cell activity was more closely related to movements of the hand and fingers than to movements of the other joints. Discharge consistently preceded movements by a constant time interval; duration of discharge was highly correlated with the duration of movement; and discharge rate was highly correlated with movement velocity. These data suggest a role for the rubrospinal pathway in the initiation and control of hand movements.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kohlerman, N J -- Gibson, A R -- Houk, J C -- 5-R01-NS14703/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 27;217(4562):857-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7100930" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Electromyography ; Hand/*physiology ; Macaca fascicularis ; Macaca mulatta ; Male ; Movement ; Neural Conduction ; Neurons/physiology ; Red Nucleus/*physiology
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  • 96
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    Modulation of striatal dopaminergic function by local injection of 5'-N-ethylcarboxamide adenosine (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-10-01
    Description: Rats rotated to the left when 5'-N-ethylcarboxamide adenosine (NECA) was injected into the left caudate nucleus and apomorphine was administered subcutaneously. The combination of NECA and apomorphine was more potent than L-(phenylisopropyl)adenosine and apomorphine in eliciting rotation, suggesting the involvement of adenosine receptors of the Ra type. The response was reduced when 2',5'-dideoxyadenosine was injected along with NECA into the caudate nucleus or when theorphylline was given intraperitoneally. Higher doses of apomorphine elicited a self-mutilatory response after the injection of NECA into the caudate nucleus. These results suggest that adenosine may be involved in the modulation of dopaminergic function in the striatum.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Green, R D -- Proudfit, H K -- Yeung, S M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 1;218(4567):58-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123218" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine/administration & dosage/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Adenosine-5'-(N-ethylcarboxamide) ; Animals ; Apomorphine/pharmacology ; Caudate Nucleus/*physiology ; Corpus Striatum/*physiology ; Dopamine/*physiology ; Injections ; Kinetics ; Male ; Motor Activity/drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Rotation ; Vasodilator Agents/*pharmacology
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  • 97
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    Fetal hemoglobin genes turned on in adults (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-12-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 24;218(4579):1295-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6183747" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Anemia, Sickle Cell/therapy ; Azacitidine/therapeutic use ; Fetal Hemoglobin/biosynthesis/*genetics ; Hemoglobin, Sickle/biosynthesis ; Humans ; Male ; Thalassemia/therapy
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  • 98
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    Purinergic regulation of food intake (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-07-02
    Description: Inosine peripherally administered to rats markedly suppressed spontaneous food intake and food intake induced by diazepam, muscimol, insulin, and food deprivation. The purines 2-deoxyguanosine and 2-deoxyinosine also suppressed food deprivation-induced feeding, whereas 7-methylinosine, which does not bind to the benzodiazepine binding site in vitro, had no effect on food intake when compared with controls. These results suggest that purines may represent endogenous substances that regulate food intake through interactions with the benzodiazepine receptor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Levine, A S -- Morley, J E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 2;217(4554):77-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7046046" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Appetite/*drug effects ; Deoxyguanosine/pharmacology ; Diazepam/pharmacology ; Eating/*drug effects ; Food Deprivation ; Inosine/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Insulin/pharmacology ; Male ; Muscimol/pharmacology ; Purines/*pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 99
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    Autocidal control of screwworms in North America (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-01-22
    Description: The larva of the blowfly Cochliomyia hominivorax, also known as the screwworm, eats the living flesh of cattle and sheep and other warm-blooded animals. A program to eradicate the screwworm in the United States was initiated in the 1950's. The program was very effective until 1968, but severe screwworm outbreaks occurred in 1972 to 1976 and in 1978. Although the program has again been effective since 1979, the possibility of outbreaks recurring in the future has highlighted the need for a broader understanding of the pest. Studies of screwworm populations in the United Stated and Mexico indicate that much of the genetic diversity of this insect is distributed among sympatric non-interbreeding populations. A new approach may be required to retain the effectiveness of the control program and to prevent a serious outbreak from threatening the economic viability of the U.S. livestock industry.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Richardson, R H -- Ellison, J R -- Averhoff, W W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 22;215(4531):361-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7199204" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cattle ; Cattle Diseases/*prevention & control ; Diptera/classification/*physiology ; Ecology ; Infertility, Male ; Insect Control/methods ; Karyotyping ; Male ; Myiasis/*prevention & control ; North America ; Pest Control, Biological/*methods ; Reproduction ; Screw Worm Infection/*prevention & control
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 100
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    Benzodiazepine receptor-mediated experimental "anxiety" in primates (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-12-24
    Description: The ethyl ester of beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid has a high affinity for benzodiazepine receptors in the brain. In the rhesus monkey this substance produces an acute behavioral syndrome characterized by dramatic elevations in heart rate, blood pressure, plasma cortisol, and catecholamines. The effects are blocked by benzodiazepines and the specific benzodiazepine receptor antagonist Ro 15-1788. The benzodiazepine receptor may consist of several subsites or functional domains that independently recognize agonist, antagonists, or "active" antagonists such as beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester. These results suggest that the benzodiazepine receptor is involved in both the affective and physiological manifestations of anxiety, and that the administration of beta-carboxylic acid ethyl ester to monkeys may provide a reliable and reproducible animal model of human anxiety.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ninan, P T -- Insel, T M -- Cohen, R M -- Cook, J M -- Skolnick, P -- Paul, S M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 24;218(4579):1332-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6293059" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anxiety/*etiology ; Benzodiazepinones ; Blood Pressure/drug effects ; Carbolines/pharmacology ; *Disease Models, Animal ; Epinephrine/pharmacology ; Flumazenil ; Heart Rate/*drug effects ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone/blood ; Macaca mulatta ; Male ; Norepinephrine/pharmacology ; Receptors, Drug/*physiology ; Receptors, GABA-A
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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