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  • 1
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    Wnt/{beta}-catenin signaling is differentially regulated by G{alpha} proteins and contributes to fibrous dysplasia [Medical Sciences] (2011)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-12-14
    Description: Skeletal dysplasias are common disabling disorders characterized by aberrant growth of bone and cartilage leading to abnormal skeletal structures and functions, often attributable to defects in skeletal progenitor cells. The underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms of most skeletal dysplasias remain elusive. Although the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is required for skeletal progenitor cells to differentiate along the osteoblastic lineage, inappropriately elevated levels of signaling can also inhibit bone formation by suppressing osteoblast maturation. Here, we investigate interactions of the four major Gα protein families (Gαs, Gαi/o, Gαq/11, and Gα12/13) with the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and identify a causative role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in fibrous dysplasia (FD) of bone, a disease that exhibits abnormal differentiation of skeletal progenitor cells. The activating Gαs mutations that cause FD potentiated Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and removal of Gαs led to reduced Wnt/β-catenin signaling and decreased bone formation. We further show that activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in osteoblast progenitors results in an FD-like phenotype and reduction of β-catenin levels rescued differentiation defects of FD patient-derived stromal cells. Gα proteins may act at the level of β-catenin destruction complex assembly by binding Axin. Our results indicate that activated Gα proteins differentially regulate Wnt/β-catenin signaling but, importantly, are not required core components of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Our data suggest that activated Gα proteins are playing physiologically significant roles during both skeletal development and disease by modulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling strength.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 2
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    An endocrine approach to the control of epidermal growth: serum-free cultivation of human keratinocytes (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-03-27
    Description: Human keratinocytes, derived from the skin of newborns and of adults, were grown in the complete absence of serum, in a hormone-supplemented medium on fibronectin-coated cell culture dishes at low seed density. The cell culture medium consisted of Medium 199 containing epidermal growth factor, triiodothyronine, hydrocortisone, Cohn fraction IV, insulin, transferrin, bovine brain extract, and trace elements. Removal of the brain extract from the hormone supplement had a greater negative impact on proliferation of the keratinocyte cultures than did the removal of epidermal growth factor, hydrocortisone, and triiodothyronine or Cohn fraction IV. The growth of keratinocytes in this hormone-supplemented medium suggests that control of keratinocyte growth depends in large part on endocrine stimulation by other body organs, including the brain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maciag, T -- Nemore, R E -- Weinstein, R -- Gilchrest, B A -- AG 0599/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- HO 07374/HO/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Mar 27;211(4489):1452-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6970413" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Brain Chemistry ; Culture Media ; Culture Techniques/*methods ; Epidermal Growth Factor/*pharmacology ; Face ; Fibronectins ; Hormones/*pharmacology ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mitogens/pharmacology ; Penis ; Peptides/*pharmacology ; Skin/*cytology/drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Hormonal requirements for growth of arterial smooth muscle cells in vitro: and endocrine approach to atherosclerosis (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-05-15
    Description: In this study the hormonal requirements for the growth of arterial smooth muscle cells in vitro were determined. A serum-free, biochemically defined medium, supplemented with the relevant hormones, permitted proliferation and propagation of normal diploid mammalian arterial smooth muscle cells. Serum-free, hormone-supplemented cultures spontaneously formed atherosclerotic plaque-like nodules. Thus atherosclerosis may be mediated by a complex endocrine system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weinstein, R -- Stemerman, M B -- Maciag, T -- AM 07026/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- HL 06197/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL 07374/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 15;212(4496):818-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7013068" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aorta, Abdominal/cytology ; Cell Division/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Culture Media ; Growth Substances/pharmacology ; Hormones/*pharmacology ; Insulin/pharmacology ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/*cytology ; Rats ; Transferrin/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Development of a robust classifier for quality control of reverse-phase protein arrays (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-03-18
    Description: Motivation: High-throughput reverse-phase protein array (RPPA) technology allows for the parallel measurement of protein expression levels in approximately 1000 samples. However, the many steps required in the complex protocol (sample lysate preparation, slide printing, hybridization, washing and amplified detection) may create substantial variability in data quality. We are not aware of any other quality control algorithm that is tuned to the special characteristics of RPPAs. Results: We have developed a novel classifier for quality control of RPPA experiments using a generalized linear model and logistic function. The outcome of the classifier, ranging from 0 to 1, is defined as the probability that a slide is of good quality. After training, we tested the classifier using two independent validation datasets. We conclude that the classifier can distinguish RPPA slides of good quality from those of poor quality sufficiently well such that normalization schemes, protein expression patterns and advanced biological analyses will not be drastically impacted by erroneous measurements or systematic variations. Availability and implementation: The classifier, implemented in the "SuperCurve" R package, can be freely downloaded at http://bioinformatics.mdanderson.org/main/OOMPA:Overview or http://r-forge.r-project.org/projects/supercurve/ . The data used to develop and validate the classifier are available at http://bioinformatics.mdanderson.org/MOAR . Contact: Kevin.Coombes@osumc.edu Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
    Print ISSN: 1367-4803
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2059
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphology of glutaraldehyde-fixed preserved red blood cells and 24-hr post-transfusion survival
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Cryobiology 20 (1983), S. 30-35 
    Details
    ISSN: 0011-2240
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0011-2240(83)90056-1
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Trapped magnetic field and critical current density in melt-textured Y-Ba-Cu-O superconductors
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Physica C: Superconductivity and its applications 185-189 (1991), S. 2437-2438 
    Details
    ISSN: 0921-4534
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0921-4534(91)91343-3
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Permanent magnets of high-Tc superconductors : 37th Annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 6533-6535 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Advances on permanent high-Tc superconducting magnets are reported. Materials are tested in the form of small tiles. An accurate phenomenological model of the currents in a magnetized tile predicts that the maximum trapped field BT,max∝Jcf(d), where Jc is the critical current density, d is the diameter of the single-grain tile, and f(d) is a function which increases monotonically with d. Results are reported of increasing Jc via chemical additives, and via bombardment by high-energy light ions and fission fragments. Increases in d via chemical and temperature gradients are also reported. Methods, data, and most recent results are presented. Present values are d=2 cm, and Jc=85 kA/cm2, at 77 K. A six tile minimagnet, 1.2×1.2×1.5 cm3, fabricated from earlier tiles with d∼1 cm, Jc∼45 kA/cm2, retains 1.52 T at 77 K. It is calculated that the more recent values of Jc and d will result in fields of 3 T at 77 K. BT,max also increases rapidly with T−1, and approximately doubles at 60 K.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.352553
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quasi permanent superconducting magnet of very high field (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 74 (1993), S. 718-719 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report on persistent field in a quasipermanent magnet made of high temperature superconductor. The material has an average of 40% molar excess of Y, relative to Y1Ba2Cu3O7 and has been irradiated with high energy light ions at 200 MeV. The magnet, which traps 1.52 T at 77.3 K, traps nearly 4 T at 64.5 K. No evidence of giant flux jump or sample cracking was observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.355237
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enhanced levitation forces with field cooled YBa2Cu3O7−δ (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 72 (1998), S. 3059-3061 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have examined levitation forces of field cooled (2.3 T) and zero field cooled YBa2Cu3O7−δ superconductors opposed by a SmCo magnet. We have achieved unusually large levitation forces (140 N) and pressures (44.6 N/cm2) in field cooled measurements. 5–10 subsequent cycles, of approach and retreat of the magnet, result in a 10–20% decrease in force, which then stabilizes. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.121540
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Persistent magnetic fields trapped in high Tc superconductor (1990)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 56 (1990), S. 1475-1477 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A study of field trapping by the incomplete Meissner effect was performed on YBa2Cu3O7−x at 77 K on both sintered and oriented grain samples. Fields of up to BT=1280 G have been trapped in small, oriented grain, planar samples. Circulating persistent current densities of up to 4800 A/cm2 are calculated. Based on these values hollow cylinders of 2 cm i.d. will trap fields of 6000 G. Initial creep is about 10%/week for both types of samples. Creep rate varies as (BT/BT,max)2. BT, due to an external field B0, is BT∝(1−e−cB0/BT,max). Lamination and mosaic assembly steps for producing practical magnets have been performed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.103207
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