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  • 1
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    APOE allele-dependent synapse pruning by astrocytes [Neuroscience] (2016)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-09-07
    Description: The strongest genetic risk factor influencing susceptibility to late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype. APOE has three common isoforms in humans, E2, E3, and E4. The presence of two copies of the E4 allele increases risk by ∼12-fold whereas E2 allele is associated with an ∼twofold decreased...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 2
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    Cognitive interaction after staged callosal section: evidence for transfer of semantic activation (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-04-17
    Description: Sensory and cognitive functions were assessed in a right-handed male before and after partial and complete callosal commissurotomy. After the initial posterior section was made, there was no evidence of interhemispheric sensory transfer, although the left hemisphere did have access to stimulus-related semantic and episodic information from the right hemisphere. After the callosum was completely sectioned, this exchange was no longer observed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sidtis, J J -- Volpe, B T -- Holtzman, J D -- Wilson, D H -- Gazzaniga, M S -- 2 R01 NS15053-02/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- RR001-02/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Apr 17;212(4492):344-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6782673" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Cognition/*physiology ; Cognition Disorders/*physiopathology ; Corpus Callosum/*physiology/surgery ; Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic/surgery ; Humans ; Language Disorders/*physiopathology ; Male ; Methods ; Perception/physiology ; Perceptual Disorders/*physiopathology ; Postoperative Complications/physiopathology ; Sensation/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Dual task interactions due exclusively to limits in processing resources (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-12-24
    Description: Information presented to each hemisphere of the commissurotomy patient is available only to the stimulated hemisphere. Despite this, the hemispheres have access to a common pool of processing resources, which, under conditions of demanding bilateral stimulation, is distributed between the hemispheres.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holtzman, J D -- Gazzaniga, M S -- R01 NS 15053/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS 17936/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 24;218(4579):1325-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7146915" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Brain/*physiology ; Functional Laterality ; Humans ; Latency Period (Psychology) ; *Task Performance and Analysis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Comparing the ancient star formation histories of the Magellanic Clouds (2013)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-04-03
    Description: We present preliminary results from a new Hubble Space Telescope ( HST ) archival program aimed at tightly constraining the ancient (〉4 Gyr ago) star formation histories (SFHs) of the field populations of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) and Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). We demonstrate the quality of the archival data by constructing HST /Wide Field Planetary Camera 2-based colour–magnitude diagrams (CMDs; M F 555 W  ~ +8) for seven spatially diverse fields in the SMC and eight fields in the LMC. The HST -based CMDs are 〉2 mag deeper than any from ground-based observations, and are particularly superior in high surface brightness regions, e.g. the LMC bar, which contain a significant fraction of star formation and are crowding limited from ground-based observations. To minimize systematic uncertainties, we derive the SFH of each field using an identical maximum likelihood CMD fitting technique. We then compute an approximate mass weighted average SFH for each galaxy. From the average SFHs, we find that both galaxies lack a dominant burst of early star formation, which suggests either a suppression or an underfuelling of ancient star formation in the Magellanic Clouds (MCs). From 10 to 12 Gyr ago, we find that the LMC experienced a period of enhanced stellar mass growth relative to the SMC. Similar to some previous studies, we find two notable peaks in the SFH of the SMC at ~4.5 and 9 Gyr ago, which could be due to repeated close passages with the LMC, implying an interaction history that has persisted for at least 9 Gyr. We find little evidence for strong periodic behaviour in the lifetime SFHs of both MCs, suggesting that repeated encounters with the Milky Way are unlikely. Beginning ~3.5 Gyr ago, both galaxies show sharp increases in their SFHs, in agreement with previous studies. Subsequently, the SFHs track either remarkably well. Spatial variations in the SFH of the SMC are consistent with a picture where gas was driven into the centre of the SMC ~3.5 Gyr ago, which simultaneously shut down star formation in the outer regions while dramatically increasing the star formation rate in the centre. In contrast, the LMC shows little spatial variation in its ancient SFH. The planned additional analysis of HST pointings at larger galactocentric radii will allow us to make more confident statements about spatial variations in the SFHs of the SMC and LMC.
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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