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  • Chemical Engineering  (638)
  • Engineering General  (629)
  • Humans  (536)
  • Animals  (466)
  • 1990-1994  (2,100)
  • 1993  (2,100)
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  • 1990-1994  (2,100)
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  • 1
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    Human growth hormone. French scientists may face charges over CJD outbreak (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-07-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Balter, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jul 30;261(5121):543.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8342013" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Child ; Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome/epidemiology/*transmission ; *Disease Outbreaks ; *Drug Contamination ; Dwarfism, Pituitary/drug therapy ; France/epidemiology ; Growth Hormone/*adverse effects ; History, 20th Century ; Humans
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Sea urchin egg receptor for sperm: sequence similarity of binding domain and hsp70 (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-03-05
    Description: Fertilization depends on cell surface recognition proteins that interact and thereby mediate binding and subsequent fusion of the sperm and egg. Overlapping complementary DNA's encoding the egg plasma membrane receptor for sperm from the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus were cloned and sequenced. Analysis of the deduced primary structure suggests that the receptor is a transmembrane protein with a short cytoplasmic domain. This domain showed no sequence similarity to known protein sequences. In contrast, the extracellular, sperm binding domain of the receptor did show sequence similarity to the heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) family of proteins. Recombinant protein representing this portion of the receptor bound to the sperm protein, binding, and also inhibited fertilization in a species-specific manner; beads coated with the protein became specifically bound to acrosome-reacted sperm. These data provide a basis for detailed investigations of molecular interactions that occur in gamete recognition and egg activation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Foltz, K R -- Partin, J S -- Lennarz, W J -- HD18590/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Mar 5;259(5100):1421-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biological Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara 93106.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8383878" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Cloning, Molecular ; Female ; Fertilization ; Heat-Shock Proteins/*genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Ovum/physiology ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*genetics/metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins/metabolism ; Restriction Mapping ; Sea Urchins ; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid ; Sperm-Ovum Interactions ; Spermatozoa/cytology/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Eastern Europe. Joining forces to probe environment-health links (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-07-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Balter, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jul 2;261(5117):24-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8316853" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Environmental Health ; *Environmental Pollution ; Europe, Eastern ; Humans ; *International Cooperation ; United States ; United States Environmental Protection Agency
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Role of intracellular calcium in NI-35-evoked collapse of neuronal growth cones (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-01-01
    Description: A myelin-associated protein from the central nervous system, the neurite growth inhibitor NI-35, inhibits regeneration of lesioned neuronal fiber tracts in vivo and growth of neurites in vitro. Growth cones of cultured rat dorsal root ganglion neurons arrested their growth and collapsed when exposed to liposomes containing NI-35. Before morphological changes, the concentration of free intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) showed a rapid and large increase in growth cones exposed to liposomes containing NI-35. Neither an increase in [Ca2+]i nor collapse of growth cones was detected in the presence of antibodies to NI-35. Dantrolene, an inhibitor of calcium release from caffeine-sensitive intracellular calcium stores, protected growth cones from collapse evoked by NI-35. Depletion of these caffeine-sensitive intracellular calcium stores prevented the increase in [Ca2+]i evoked by NI-35. The NI-35-evoked cascade of intracellular messengers that mediates collapse of growth cones includes the crucial step of calcium release from intracellular stores.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bandtlow, C E -- Schmidt, M F -- Hassinger, T D -- Schwab, M E -- Kater, S B -- NS24683/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS28323/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jan 1;259(5091):80-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Brain Research Institute, University of Zurich, Switzerland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8418499" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Caffeine/pharmacology ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Drug Carriers ; Fura-2 ; Ganglia, Spinal/*physiology ; Growth Inhibitors/*pharmacology ; Kinetics ; Liposomes ; Nerve Fibers/drug effects/*physiology/ultrastructure ; Neurons/drug effects/*physiology/ultrastructure ; Rats
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    IOM issues vaccine report (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-07-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jul 9;261(5118):156.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8327886" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Clinical Trials as Topic ; Drug Industry ; Humans ; Patents as Topic ; Research ; United States ; *Vaccines
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Gene therapy approval process (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-03-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Royston, I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Mar 19;259(5102):1678-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8456290" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Genetic Therapy/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Transcription factor TFIIB sites important for interaction with promoter-bound TFIID (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-07-23
    Description: Transcription initiation factor TFIIB recruits RNA polymerase II to the promoter subsequent to interaction with a preformed TFIID-promoter complex. The domains of TFIIB required for binding to the TFIID-promoter complex and for transcription initiation have been determined. The carboxyl-terminal two-thirds of TFIIB, which contains two direct repeats and two basic residue repeats, is sufficient for interaction with the TFIID-promoter complex. An extra 84-residue amino-terminal region, with no obvious known structural motifs, is required for basal transcription activity. Basic residues within the second basic repeat of TFIIB are necessary for stable interaction with the TFIID-promoter complex, whereas the basic character of the first basic repeat is not. Functional roles of other potential structural motifs are discussed in light of the present study.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yamashita, S -- Hisatake, K -- Kokubo, T -- Doi, K -- Roeder, R G -- Horikoshi, M -- Nakatani, Y -- AI27397/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- CA42567/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- GM45258/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jul 23;261(5120):463-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8332911" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Binding Sites ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*metabolism ; Drosophila ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; *Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Protein Binding ; Transcription Factor TFIIB ; Transcription Factor TFIID ; Transcription Factors/*chemistry/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Somber news from the AIDS front (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-06-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jun 18;260(5115):1712-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8390093" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: AIDS Vaccines/therapeutic use ; *Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/drug therapy/immunology/prevention & control ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Female ; Humans ; Immunity, Cellular ; Male ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases/prevention & control ; Zalcitabine/therapeutic use ; Zidovudine/therapeutic use
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Sex, violence, and sociobiology (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-10-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barash, D P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Oct 22;262(5133):491.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8211168" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Child ; Child Abuse ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; *Sexual Behavior ; Sexual Behavior, Animal ; Sociology ; *Violence
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Life history variables preserved in dental cementum microstructure (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-08-27
    Description: The age and season of death of mammals, as well as other aspects of their life history, can be estimated from seasonal bands in dental cementum that result from variations in microstructure. Scanning electron micrographs of goats fed controlled diets demonstrate that cementum bands preserve variations in the relative orientation of collagen fibers that reflect changes in the magnitude and frequency of occlusal forces from chewing different quality diets. Changes in the rate of tissue growth are also reflected in cementum bands as variations in the degree of mineralization.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lieberman, D E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Aug 27;261(5125):1162-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Anthropology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8356448" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Collagen/*analysis ; Dental Cementum/chemistry/*ultrastructure ; *Diet ; Goats/*physiology ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Seasons
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 11
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    Cue-invariant shape selectivity of macaque inferior temporal neurons (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-05-14
    Description: The perception of shape is independent of the size and position of the shape and also of the visual cue that defines it. The same shape can be recognized whether defined by a difference in luminance, by motion, or by texture. Experiments showed that the shape selectivity of individual cells in the macaque inferior temporal cortex did not vary with the size and position of a shape and also did not vary with the visual cue used to define the shape. This cue invariance was true for static luminance and texture cues as well as for relative motion cues--that is, for cues that are processed in ventral and dorsal visual pathways. The properties of these inferior temporal cells meet the demands of cue-invariant shape coding.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sary, G -- Vogels, R -- Orban, G A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 May 14;260(5110):995-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratorium voor Neuro- en Psychofysiologie, Faculteit der Geneeskunde, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8493538" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Form Perception ; Light ; Macaca mulatta ; Male ; Movement ; Neurons/*physiology ; Temporal Lobe/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 12
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    Rate and mechanism of nonhomologous recombination during a single cycle of retroviral replication (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-01-08
    Description: Oncogenes discovered in retroviruses such as Rous sarcoma virus were generated by transduction of cellular proto-oncogenes into the viral genome. Several different kinds of junctions between the viral and proto-oncogene sequences have been found in different viruses. A system of retrovirus vectors and a protocol that mimicked this transduction during a single cycle of retrovirus replication was developed. The transduction involved the formation of a chimeric viral-cellular RNA, strand switching of the reverse transcription growing point from an infectious retrovirus to the chimeric RNA, and often a subsequent deletion during the rest of viral DNA synthesis. A short region of sequence identity was frequently used for the strand switching. The rate of this process was about 0.1 to 1 percent of the rate of homologous retroviral recombination.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zhang, J -- Temin, H M -- CA-07175/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA-22443/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jan 8;259(5092):234-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison 53706.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8421784" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; *Cinnamates ; *DNA Replication ; DNA, Viral/chemistry/genetics ; Drug Resistance/genetics ; Genes, Viral ; Genetic Vectors ; Hygromycin B/analogs & derivatives ; Kinetics ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Moloney murine leukemia virus/genetics ; Neomycin ; Plasmids ; *Proto-Oncogenes ; RNA, Viral/analysis/genetics ; *Recombination, Genetic ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Retroviridae/*genetics/physiology ; Transfection ; *Virus Replication
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 13
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    Mutations in the glucose-6-phosphatase gene that cause glycogen storage disease type 1a (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-10-22
    Description: Glycogen storage disease (GSD) type 1a is caused by the deficiency of D-glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase), the key enzyme in glucose homeostasis. Despite both a high incidence and morbidity, the molecular mechanisms underlying this deficiency have eluded characterization. In the present study, the molecular and biochemical characterization of the human G6Pase complementary DNA, its gene, and the expressed protein, which is indistinguishable from human microsomal G6Pase, are reported. Several mutations in the G6Pase gene of affected individuals that completely inactivate the enzyme have been identified. These results establish the molecular basis of this disease and open the way for future gene therapy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lei, K J -- Shelly, L L -- Pan, C J -- Sidbury, J B -- Chou, J Y -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Oct 22;262(5133):580-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Human Genetics Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8211187" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; DNA, Complementary/genetics ; Exons ; Glucose-6-Phosphatase/*genetics/metabolism ; Glycogen Storage Disease Type I/enzymology/*genetics ; Glycosylation ; Humans ; Liver/enzymology ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; *Mutation ; Protein Conformation ; Transfection
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 14
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    The human cornucopia (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-05-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jasny, B R -- Miller, L J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 May 14;260(5110):875.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8493511" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biotechnology ; Humans ; *Therapeutics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 15
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    Multidrug resistance-associated protein: sequence correction (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-05-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cole, S P -- Deeley, R G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 May 14;260(5110):879.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8098549" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Carrier Proteins/*chemistry ; Humans ; Membrane Glycoproteins/*chemistry ; Molecular Sequence Data ; P-Glycoprotein
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 16
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    Dioxin exposure (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-12-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Collins, J J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Dec 3;262(5139):1498.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8248790" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Carcinogens, Environmental/*adverse effects ; Dioxins/*adverse effects ; Humans ; Italy ; Neoplasms/*chemically induced
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 17
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    Tropical poison frogs (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-11-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Myers, C W -- Daly, J W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Nov 19;262(5137):1193.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8235639" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Amphibian Venoms ; Animals ; *Animals, Poisonous ; *Anura ; Humans ; Indians, South American
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 18
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    Deletion of the paired alpha 5(IV) and alpha 6(IV) collagen genes in inherited smooth muscle tumors (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-08-27
    Description: The gene encoding alpha 6(IV) collagen, COL4A6, was identified on the human X chromosome in a head-to-head arrangement and within 452 base pairs of the alpha 5(IV) collagen gene, COL4A5. In earlier studies, intragenic deletions of COL4A5 were detected in a subset of patients with Alport syndrome (AS), a hereditary defect of basement membranes. In some families, AS cosegregates with diffuse leiomyomatosis (DL), a benign smooth muscle tumor diathesis. Here it is shown that patients with AS-DL harbor deletions that disrupt both COL4A5 and COL4A6. Thus, type IV collagen may regulate smooth muscle differentiation and morphogenesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zhou, J -- Mochizuki, T -- Smeets, H -- Antignac, C -- Laurila, P -- de Paepe, A -- Tryggvason, K -- Reeders, S T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Aug 27;261(5125):1167-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06536-0812.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8356449" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Cell Differentiation ; Collagen/chemistry/*genetics ; Exons ; Female ; Fetus/metabolism ; *Gene Deletion ; Genetic Linkage ; Humans ; Leiomyoma/*genetics ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Morphogenesis ; Muscle, Smooth/cytology ; Mutation ; Nephritis, Hereditary/*genetics ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism
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    Expression cloning and signaling properties of the rat glucagon receptor (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-03-12
    Description: Glucagon and the glucagon receptor are a primary source of control over blood glucose concentrations and are especially important to studies of diabetes in which the loss of control over blood glucose concentrations clinically defines the disease. A complementary DNA clone for the glucagon receptor was isolated by an expression cloning strategy, and the receptor protein was expressed in several kidney cell lines. The cloned receptor bound glucagon and caused an increase in the intracellular concentration of adenosine 3', 5'-monophosphate (cAMP). The cloned glucagon receptor also transduced a signal that led to an increased concentration of intracellular calcium. The glucagon receptor is similar to the calcitonin and parathyroid hormone receptors. It can transduce signals leading to the accumulation of two different second messengers, cAMP and calcium.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jelinek, L J -- Lok, S -- Rosenberg, G B -- Smith, R A -- Grant, F J -- Biggs, S -- Bensch, P A -- Kuijper, J L -- Sheppard, P O -- Sprecher, C A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Mar 12;259(5101):1614-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉ZymoGenetics Inc., Seattle, WA 98105.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8384375" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Calcium/pharmacology ; Cell Line ; Cloning, Molecular ; Cricetinae ; Cyclic AMP/metabolism ; Glucagon/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Kidney ; Kinetics ; Liver/*metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Rats ; Receptors, Gastrointestinal Hormone/genetics/metabolism/*physiology ; Receptors, Glucagon ; *Signal Transduction ; Transfection
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    DNA repair helicase: a component of BTF2 (TFIIH) basic transcription factor (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-04-02
    Description: The human BTF2 basic transcription factor (also called TFIIH), which is similar to the delta factor in rat and factor b in yeast, is required for class II gene transcription. A strand displacement assay was used to show that highly purified preparation of BTF2 had an adenosine triphosphate-dependent DNA helicase activity, in addition to the previously characterized carboxyl-terminal domain kinase activity. Amino acid sequence analysis of the tryptic digest generated from the 89-kilodalton subunit of BTF2 indicated that this polypeptide corresponded to the ERCC-3 gene product, a presumed helicase implicated in the human DNA excision repair disorders xeroderma pigmentosum and Cockayne's syndrome. These findings suggest that transcription and nucleotide excision repair may share common factors and hence may be considered to be functionally related.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schaeffer, L -- Roy, R -- Humbert, S -- Moncollin, V -- Vermeulen, W -- Hoeijmakers, J H -- Chambon, P -- Egly, J M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Apr 2;260(5104):58-63.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉UPR 6520 (CNRS), Unite 184 (INSERM), Faculte de Medecine, Strasbourg, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8465201" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Triphosphate/pharmacology ; Binding Sites ; Cockayne Syndrome/enzymology/genetics ; DNA/metabolism ; DNA Helicases/metabolism ; *DNA Repair ; Humans ; Immunoblotting ; Peptide Fragments ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Protein Kinases/metabolism ; RNA Polymerase II/metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins/metabolism ; Sequence Analysis ; Transcription Factor TFIIH ; Transcription Factors/*metabolism ; *Transcription Factors, TFII ; Transcription, Genetic ; Trypsin/metabolism ; Xeroderma Pigmentosum/enzymology/genetics
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  • 21
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    A heavy ion accelerator gears up to fight cancer (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-09-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Myers, F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Sep 3;261(5126):1270.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8362241" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Combined Modality Therapy ; Humans ; Japan ; Neoplasms/*therapy ; *Synchrotrons
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    A processing stream in mammalian visual cortex neurons for non-Fourier responses (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-07-02
    Description: Mammalian striate and circumstriate cortical neurons have long been understood as coding spatially localized retinal luminance variations, providing a basis for computing motion, stereopsis, and contours from the retinal image. However, such perceptual attributes do not always correspond to the retinal luminance variations in natural vision. Recordings from area 17 and 18 neurons of the cat revealed a specialized nonlinear processing stream that responds to stimulus attributes that have no corresponding luminance variations. This nonlinear stream acts in parallel to the conventional luminance processing of single cortical neurons. The two streams were consistent in their preference for orientation and direction of motion but distinct in processing spatial variations of the stimulus attributes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zhou, Y X -- Baker, C L Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jul 2;261(5117):98-101.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8316862" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Fourier Analysis ; Neurons/*physiology ; Photic Stimulation ; Visual Cortex/cytology/*physiology ; *Visual Perception
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    The development of biological therapies for breast cancer (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-01-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lippman, M E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jan 29;259(5095):631-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Vincent T. Lombardi Cancer Research Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20007.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8430312" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biological Factors/*therapeutic use ; Breast Neoplasms/*therapy ; Female ; Growth Substances/*therapeutic use ; Humans ; Prognosis
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 24
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    The secretory granule matrix: a fast-acting smart polymer (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1993-02-12
    Description: The secretory granule matrix is a miniature biopolymer that consists of a charged polymer network that traps peptides and transmitters when it condenses and releases them on exocytotic decondensation. Models of exocytotic fusion have treated this matrix as a short circuit and have neglected its electrical contributions. This matrix responded to negative voltages by swelling, which was accompanied by a large increase in conductance, and to positive voltages by condensing. Thus, the matrix resembled a diode. The swollen matrix exerted large pressures on the order of 12 bar. The responses took place within milliseconds of the application of the electric field. These findings suggest that matrix decondensation, and therefore product release, is controlled by potential gradients.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nanavati, C -- Fernandez, J M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Feb 12;259(5097):963-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8438154" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cytoplasmic Granules/*chemistry/physiology ; Electric Conductivity ; Electrochemistry ; Exocytosis ; Mast Cells/*ultrastructure ; Membrane Potentials ; Mice ; Polymers/*chemistry
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    Toxic terror; phantom risks (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-07-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abelson, P H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jul 23;261(5120):407.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8305008" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Carcinogens, Environmental/*adverse effects ; Hazardous Substances/*adverse effects ; Humans ; Jurisprudence ; *Public Opinion ; Risk
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  • 26
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    Inhibition by cAMP of Ras-dependent activation of Raf (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-11-12
    Description: Activation of the Raf and extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) (or mitogen-activated protein kinases) are key events in mitogenic signalling, but little is known about interactions with other signaling pathways. Agents that raise levels of intracellular cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) blocked DNA synthesis and signal transduction in Rat1 cells exposed to epidermal growth factor (EGF) or lysophosphatidic acid. In the case of EGF, receptor tyrosine kinase activity and association with the signaling molecules Grb2 and Shc were unaffected by cAMP. Likewise, EGF-dependent accumulation of the guanosine 5'-triphosphate-bound form of Ras was unaffected. In contrast, activation of Raf-1 and ERK kinases was inhibited. Thus, cAMP appears to inhibit signal transmission from Ras by preventing Ras-dependent activation of Raf-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cook, S J -- McCormick, F -- UO1 CA51992-03/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Nov 12;262(5136):1069-72.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Onyx Pharmaceuticals, Richmond, CA 94806.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7694367" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine/pharmacology ; Animals ; Bucladesine/pharmacology ; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases/*metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cholera Toxin/pharmacology ; Cyclic AMP/*pharmacology ; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Enzyme Activation ; Epidermal Growth Factor/pharmacology ; Interphase ; Lysophospholipids/pharmacology ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 ; *Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; Phosphorylation ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/*metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/*metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)/*metabolism ; Rats ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor/metabolism ; *Signal Transduction
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  • 27
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    Inhibition of Rev-mediated HIV-1 expression by an RNA binding protein encoded by the interferon-inducible 9-27 gene (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-02-26
    Description: Interferon inhibits expression of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) through unknown mechanisms. A gene inducible by interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) was isolated by screening of a human complementary DNA library for proteins binding to the Rev-responsive element (RRE) of HIV-1. The product of this gene, RBP9-27, was shown to bind RNA in vitro and to inhibit HIV-1 expression after transfection into human cells. RBP9-27 primarily inhibited Rev-dependent posttranscriptional steps of viral gene expression. Thus, RBP9-27 is a cellular factor that antagonizes Rev function. These results suggest an interferon-induced antiviral mechanism operating through the induction of RNA binding proteins such as RBP9-27. Elucidation of RBP9-27 function may lead to a better understanding of the mechanism of interferon action during HIV-1 infection.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Constantoulakis, P -- Campbell, M -- Felber, B K -- Nasioulas, G -- Afonina, E -- Pavlakis, G N -- N0-CO-74101/CO/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Feb 26;259(5099):1314-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Human Retrovirus Section, National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, MD 21702.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7680491" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; *Gene Expression Regulation, Viral ; Genes, env ; *Genes, rev ; HIV-1/*genetics ; Humans ; Interferons/pharmacology ; *Membrane Proteins ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides/chemistry ; RNA-Binding Proteins/*genetics ; Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid
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    Present status and future prospects for HIV therapies (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1993-05-28
    Description: Since the discovery of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in 1983, significant progress has been made toward the discovery, development, and licensing of anti-HIV drugs. In vitro screens against whole virus are now being complemented by screens against specific viral targets, resulting in the development of clinical candidates acting at several critical stages of the viral life cycle. Despite these advances, clinical therapy remains largely palliative. In addition, it has recently been recognized that HIV resistance to most drugs may pose even greater obstacles. Moreover, emerging data on immunopathogenesis raise the possibility that even if virus was eliminated from an infected individual, the patient's immune system might not be capable of restoration to normal function. In the face of such obstacles, deeper insights into the pathogenic mechanisms of disease, aggressive exploitation of those mechanisms for therapeutic gain, and continued commitment of both public and private sectors to support and collaborate in this research are needed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Johnston, M I -- Hoth, D F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 May 28;260(5112):1286-93.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Basic Research and Development Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7684163" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: AIDS Vaccines/therapeutic use ; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/drug therapy/*therapy ; Antiviral Agents/*therapeutic use ; Drug Resistance, Microbial ; Gene Products, tat/antagonists & inhibitors ; Genetic Therapy ; HIV/drug effects ; HIV Infections/drug therapy/*therapy ; HIV Protease Inhibitors/pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Immunotherapy ; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors ; Treatment Failure ; tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
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  • 29
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    Disappearance of the lymphoid system in Bcl-2 homozygous mutant chimeric mice (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-09-17
    Description: The bcl-2 proto-oncogene can prevent the death of many cell types. Mice were generated that were chimeric for the homozygous inactivation of bcl-2. Lymphocytes without Bcl-2 differentiated into phenotypically mature cells. However, in vitro, the mature T cells that lacked Bcl-2 had shorter life-spans and increased sensitivity to glucocorticoids and gamma-irradiation. In contrast, stimulation of CD3 inhibited the death of these cells. T and B cells with no Bcl-2 disappeared from the bone marrow, thymus, and periphery by 4 weeks of age. Thus, Bcl-2 was dispensable for lymphocyte maturation, but was required for a stable immune system after birth.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nakayama, K -- Negishi, I -- Kuida, K -- Shinkai, Y -- Louie, M C -- Fields, L E -- Lucas, P J -- Stewart, V -- Alt, F W -- AI 15322/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Sep 17;261(5128):1584-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8372353" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens, CD3/immunology ; Apoptosis ; B-Lymphocytes/cytology/*immunology ; Base Sequence ; Bone Marrow/immunology ; Bone Marrow Cells ; Cell Line ; Chimera ; Homozygote ; Humans ; Lymphoid Tissue/cytology/immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics/*physiology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; Proto-Oncogenes ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes/cytology/*immunology
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    Microsatellite instability in cancer of the proximal colon (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1993-05-07
    Description: Colorectal tumor DNA was examined for somatic instability at (CA)n repeats on human chromosomes 5q, 15q, 17p, and 18q. Differences between tumor and normal DNA were detected in 25 of the 90 (28 percent) tumors examined. This instability appeared as either a substantial change in repeat length (often heterogeneous in nature) or a minor change (typically two base pairs). Microsatellite instability was significantly correlated with the tumor's location in the proximal colon (P = 0.003), with increased patient survival (P = 0.02), and, inversely, with loss of heterozygosity for chromosomes 5q, 17p, and 18q. These data suggest that some colorectal cancers may arise through a mechanism that does not necessarily involve loss of heterozygosity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Thibodeau, S N -- Bren, G -- Schaid, D -- CA-15083-18E8.1/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 May 7;260(5109):816-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8484122" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15 ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17 ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18 ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5 ; Colonic Neoplasms/*genetics ; Colorectal Neoplasms/*genetics ; DNA, Neoplasm/*genetics ; DNA, Satellite/*genetics ; Female ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; *Mutation ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid
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    HHS fumbles ball on AIDS vaccine trial (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1993-07-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jul 9;261(5118):151.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8327883" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: AIDS Vaccines/*therapeutic use ; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*therapy ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Financing, Government ; Government Agencies ; Humans ; Recombinant Proteins/therapeutic use ; United States ; United States Dept. of Health and Human Services ; Vaccines, Synthetic/therapeutic use
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    A 'Manhattan project' for AIDS? (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1993-02-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Feb 19;259(5098):1112-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8438161" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/economics ; *Hiv ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Research ; Research Support as Topic ; United States
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    Induction of G alpha i2-specific antisense RNA in vivo inhibits neonatal growth (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-05-14
    Description: Guanosine triphosphate-binding regulatory proteins (G proteins) are key elements in transmembrane signaling and have been implicated as regulators of more complex biological processes such as differentiation and development. The G protein G alpha i2 is capable of mediating the inhibitory control of adenylylcyclase and regulates stem cell differentiation to primitive endoderm. Here an antisense RNA to G alpha i2 was expressed in a hybrid RNA construct whose expression was both tissue-specific and induced at birth. Transgenic mice in which the antisense construct was expressed displayed a lack of normal development in targeted organs that correlated with the absence of G alpha i2. The loss of G alpha i2 expression in adipose tissue of the transgenic mice was correlated with a rise in basal levels of adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) and the loss of receptor-mediated inhibition of adenylylcyclase. These data expand our understanding of G protein function in vivo and demonstrate the necessity for G alpha i2 in the development of liver and fat.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Moxham, C M -- Hod, Y -- Malbon, C C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 May 14;260(5110):991-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Pharmacology, State University of New York (SUNY)/Stony Brook 11794-8651.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8493537" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adipose Tissue/*growth & development/metabolism ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn/growth & development ; Base Sequence ; Body Weight ; GTP-Binding Proteins/biosynthesis/genetics/*physiology ; Growth/drug effects/*physiology ; Kidney/growth & development/metabolism ; Liver/*growth & development/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (GTP)/genetics ; RNA, Antisense/*genetics ; Transfection
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Genome maps IV 1993. Wall chart (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-10-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Copeland, N G -- Gilbert, D J -- Jenkins, N A -- Nadeau, J H -- Eppig, J T -- Maltais, L J -- Miller, J C -- Dietrich, W F -- Steen, R G -- Lincoln, S E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Oct 1;262(5130):67-82.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉National Cancer Institute, Frederick MD.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8211131" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Chromosome Mapping ; Genetic Markers ; *Genome ; Genome, Human ; Humans ; Mice/*genetics ; Mice, Inbred Strains/genetics ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
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    New technique offers a window on bacteria's secret weapons (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-01-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barinaga, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jan 29;259(5095):595.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8430305" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; DNA, Bacterial/genetics/isolation & purification ; *Genes, Bacterial ; Mice ; Salmonella typhimurium/genetics/*pathogenicity ; Virulence/genetics
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    New Alzheimer's therapy suggested (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-06-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schnabel, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jun 18;260(5115):1719-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8323582" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alzheimer Disease/*drug therapy/etiology/pathology ; Amyloid/biosynthesis ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/*therapeutic use ; Brain/pathology ; Humans ; Indomethacin/*therapeutic use ; Inflammation ; Neuroglia/physiology ; Pilot Projects
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    Carbon monoxide: killer to brain messenger in one step (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-01-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barinaga, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jan 15;259(5093):309.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8093563" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Brain/*physiology ; Carbon Monoxide/*metabolism ; Cyclic GMP/metabolism ; Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing)/metabolism ; Humans ; Neurotransmitter Agents/*metabolism
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 38
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    Potentiation by the beta subunit of the ratio of the ionic current to the charge movement in the cardiac calcium channel (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-10-22
    Description: The voltage-activated rabbit cardiac calcium channel alpha 1 subunit was expressed in Xenopus oocytes. The charge movement of its voltage sensor was measured and related to the opening of the ion-conducting pore. The half-activation potential for charge movement was 35 millivolts more negative than that for pore opening. Coexpression of the cardiac calcium channel beta subunit reduced this difference without affecting charge movement. Thus, intramolecular coupling between the voltage sensor and the channel pore opening can be facilitated by a regulatory subunit.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Neely, A -- Wei, X -- Olcese, R -- Birnbaumer, L -- Stefani, E -- AR38970/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- HL37044/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Oct 22;262(5133):575-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8211185" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Barium/metabolism ; Calcium Channels/*metabolism ; Electric Conductivity ; *Ion Channel Gating ; Membrane Potentials ; Myocardium/*metabolism ; Oocytes/metabolism ; Rabbits ; Xenopus
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    A genetic linkage map of the mouse: current applications and future prospects (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-10-01
    Description: Technological advances have made possible the development of high-resolution genetic linkage maps for the mouse. These maps in turn offer exciting prospects for understanding mammalian genome evolution through comparative mapping, for developing mouse models of human disease, and for identifying the function of all genes in the organism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Copeland, N G -- Jenkins, N A -- Gilbert, D J -- Eppig, J T -- Maltais, L J -- Miller, J C -- Dietrich, W F -- Weaver, A -- Lincoln, S E -- Steen, R G -- HG00198/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- N01-CO-74101/CO/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Oct 1;262(5130):57-66.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉ABL-Basic Research Program, National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, MD 21702.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8211130" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Evolution ; *Chromosome Mapping ; Cloning, Molecular ; Crosses, Genetic ; Female ; Genetic Markers ; *Genome ; Human Genome Project ; Humans ; Male ; Mice/*genetics ; Multigene Family ; Muridae/*genetics ; Mutation ; Neoplasms/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 40
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    Shutdown of class switch recombination by deletion of a switch region control element (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-02-12
    Description: Upon activation, B lymphocytes can change the class of the antibody they express by immunoglobulin class switch recombination. Cytokines can direct this recombination to distinct classes by the specific activation of repetitive recombinogenic DNA sequences, the switch regions. Recombination to a particular switch region (s gamma 1) was abolished in mice that were altered to lack sequences that are 5' to the s gamma 1 region. This result directly implicates the functional importance of 5' switch region flanking sequences in the control of class switch recombination. Mutant mice exhibit a selective agammaglobulinemia and may be useful in the assessment of the biological importance of immunoglobulin G1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jung, S -- Rajewsky, K -- Radbruch, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Feb 12;259(5097):984-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8438159" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; B-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Chimera ; Drug Resistance/genetics ; Embryo, Mammalian ; *Gene Deletion ; Immunoglobulin G/genetics ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/genetics ; Immunoglobulin Switch Region/*genetics ; Interleukin-4/pharmacology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutagenesis ; Neomycin ; *Recombination, Genetic ; Stem Cells
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Agencies spar over vaccine trial (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-02-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Feb 5;259(5096):752-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8430324" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: AIDS Vaccines/economics/*therapeutic use ; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/economics/immunology/*therapy ; Antigens, CD4/analysis ; Government Agencies ; HIV Infections/economics/immunology/*therapy ; Humans ; Military Medicine ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Research Support as Topic ; United States ; United States Food and Drug Administration
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    Uncovering of functional alternative CTLA-4 counter-receptor in B7-deficient mice (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-11-05
    Description: B7 delivers a costimulatory signal through CD28, resulting in interleukin-2 secretion and T cell proliferation. Blockade of this pathway results in T cell anergy. The in vivo role of B7 was evaluated with B7-deficient mice. These mice had a 70 percent decrease in costimulation of the response to alloantigen. Despite lacking B7 expression, activated B cells from these mice bound CTLA-4 and GL1 monoclonal antibody, demonstrating that alternative CTLA-4 ligand or ligands exist. These receptors are functionally important because the residual allogenic mixed lymphocyte responses were blocked by CTLA4Ig. Characterization of these CTLA-4 ligands should lead to strategies for manipulating the immune response.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Freeman, G J -- Borriello, F -- Hodes, R J -- Reiser, H -- Hathcock, K S -- Laszlo, G -- McKnight, A J -- Kim, J -- Du, L -- Lombard, D B -- CA 40216/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Nov 5;262(5135):907-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Hematologic Malignancies, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7694362" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abatacept ; Animals ; Antigens, CD ; Antigens, CD80/genetics/*immunology/metabolism ; Antigens, Differentiation/immunology/*metabolism ; B-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Base Sequence ; CTLA-4 Antigen ; Cell Line ; *Immunoconjugates ; Interleukin-2/secretion ; Isoantigens/immunology ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Transfection
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Cloning of B7-2: a CTLA-4 counter-receptor that costimulates human T cell proliferation (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-11-05
    Description: Although presentation of antigen to the T cell receptor is necessary for the initiation of an immune response, additional molecules expressed on antigen-presenting cells deliver essential costimulatory signals. T cell activation, in the absence of costimulation, results in T cell anergy. The B7-1 protein is a costimulator molecule that regulates interleukin-2 (IL-2) secretion by signaling through the pathway that uses CD28 and CTLA-4 (hereafter referred to as the CD28 pathway). We have cloned a counter-receptor of CD28 and CTLA-4, termed B7-2. Although only 26 percent identical to B7-1, B7-2 also costimulates IL-2 production and T cell proliferation. Unlike B7-1, B7-2 messenger RNA is constitutively expressed in unstimulated B cells. It is likely that B7-2 provides a critical early costimulatory signal determining if the T cell will contribute to an immune response or become anergic.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Freeman, G J -- Gribben, J G -- Boussiotis, V A -- Ng, J W -- Restivo, V A Jr -- Lombard, L A -- Gray, G S -- Nadler, L M -- CA 40216/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Nov 5;262(5135):909-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Hematologic Malignancies, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7694363" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abatacept ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; *Antigens, CD ; Antigens, CD28/metabolism ; Antigens, CD80/chemistry/genetics/*immunology/metabolism ; Antigens, CD86 ; Antigens, Differentiation/*metabolism ; B-Lymphocytes/*immunology/metabolism ; CTLA-4 Antigen ; Cell Line ; *Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Complementary/genetics ; Humans ; *Immunoconjugates ; *Lymphocyte Activation ; *Membrane Glycoproteins ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Sequence Alignment ; Signal Transduction ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology
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    New AIDS drug leaps over the counter (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-07-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jul 23;261(5120):422-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8332905" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aspirin/*therapeutic use ; HIV Infections/*drug therapy ; Humans
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  • 45
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    Convergent regulation of sodium channels by protein kinase C and cAMP-dependent protein kinase (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-09-10
    Description: The function of voltage-gated sodium channels that are responsible for action potential generation in mammalian brain neurons is modulated by phosphorylation by adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent protein kinase (cA-PK) and by protein kinase C (PKC). Reduction of peak sodium currents by cA-PK in intact cells required concurrent activation of PKC and was prevented by blocking phosphorylation of serine 1506, a site in the inactivation gate of the channel that is phosphorylated by PKC but not by cA-PK. Replacement of serine 1506 with negatively charged amino acids mimicked the effect of phosphorylation. Conversion of the consensus sequence surrounding serine 1506 to one more favorable for cA-PK enhanced modulation of sodium currents by cA-PK. Convergent modulation of sodium channels required phosphorylation of serine 1506 by PKC accompanied by phosphorylation of additional sites by cA-PK. This regulatory mechanism may serve to integrate neuronal signals mediated through these parallel signaling pathways.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Li, M -- West, J W -- Numann, R -- Murphy, B J -- Scheuer, T -- Catterall, W A -- R01-NS15751/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- T32-GM07270/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Sep 10;261(5127):1439-42.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle 98195.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8396273" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; CHO Cells ; Consensus Sequence ; Cricetinae ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Kinase C/*metabolism ; Protein Kinases/*metabolism ; Sodium/metabolism ; Sodium Channels/*metabolism
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    Fruit fly aging and mortality (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-06-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gavrilov, L A -- Gavrilova, N S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jun 11;260(5114):1565; author reply 1567-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8502999" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging/*physiology ; Animals ; Diptera/*physiology ; Drosophila melanogaster/*physiology ; *Longevity ; Models, Biological ; Mortality
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    HHS: Gallo guilty of misconduct (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-01-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jan 8;259(5092):168-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8380653" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*microbiology ; *Biomedical Research ; Federal Government ; *Government Regulation ; *HIV/growth & development/isolation & purification ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; *Scientific Misconduct ; United States ; United States Office of Research Integrity ; Virus Cultivation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    AIDS 1993: unanswered questions (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-05-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jasny, B R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 May 28;260(5112):1219.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8493558" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: AIDS Vaccines ; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/drug therapy ; *Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/immunology/microbiology/therapy ; Antiviral Agents/pharmacology/therapeutic use ; HIV/drug effects/physiology ; Humans
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    Neuroscience. The remembrance of blinks past (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-05-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barinaga, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 May 14;260(5110):894.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8493520" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cerebellum/drug effects/*physiology ; *Memory/drug effects ; Muscimol/pharmacology ; Rabbits ; Red Nucleus/drug effects/physiology
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  • 50
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    The role of TH1 and TH2 cells in a rodent malaria infection (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-06-25
    Description: CD4+ T cells play a major role in protective immunity against the blood stage of malaria, but the mechanism of protection is unclear. By adoptive transfer of cloned T cell lines, direct evidence is provided that both TH1 and TH2 subsets of CD4+ T cells can protect mice against Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi infection. TH1 cells protect by a nitric oxide-dependent mechanism, whereas TH2 cells protect by the enhancement and accelerated production of specific immunoglobulin G1 antibody.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Taylor-Robinson, A W -- Phillips, R S -- Severn, A -- Moncada, S -- Liew, F Y -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jun 25;260(5116):1931-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Wellcome Laboratories for Experimental Parasitology, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8100366" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Protozoan/biosynthesis ; Arginine/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Cell Line ; Female ; Immunoglobulin G/*biosynthesis ; Lymphocyte Depletion ; Malaria/*immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Nitrates/blood ; Nitric Oxide/*metabolism ; Plasmodium chabaudi/*immunology ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets/*immunology ; omega-N-Methylarginine
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    Blood-brain barrier penetration and in vivo activity of an NGF conjugate (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-01-15
    Description: Nerve growth factor (NGF) is essential for the survival of both peripheral ganglion cells and central cholinergic neurons of the basal forebrain. The accelerated loss of central cholinergic neurons during Alzheimer's disease may be a determinant of dementia in these patients and may therefore suggest a therapeutic role for NGF. However, NGF does not significantly penetrate the blood-brain barrier, which makes its clinical utility dependent on invasive neurosurgical procedures. When conjugated to an antibody to the transferrin receptor, however, NGF crossed the blood-brain barrier after peripheral injection. This conjugated NGF increased the survival of both cholinergic and noncholinergic neurons of the medial septal nucleus that had been transplanted into the anterior chamber of the rat eye. This approach may prove useful for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and other neurological disorders that are amenable to treatment by proteins that do not readily cross the blood-brain barrier.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Friden, P M -- Walus, L R -- Watson, P -- Doctrow, S R -- Kozarich, J W -- Backman, C -- Bergman, H -- Hoffer, B -- Bloom, F -- Granholm, A C -- NS29601-01/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jan 15;259(5093):373-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Alkermes, Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8420006" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anterior Chamber/metabolism ; Antibodies/*metabolism ; *Blood-Brain Barrier ; Brain/blood supply/metabolism ; Capillaries ; Cell Line ; Cross-Linking Reagents ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Carriers ; Immunohistochemistry ; Nerve Growth Factors/administration & dosage/*pharmacokinetics/pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Transferrin/*immunology
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    The basic science of gene therapy (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-05-14
    Description: The development over the past decade of methods for delivering genes to mammalian cells has stimulated great interest in the possibility of treating human disease by gene-based therapies. However, despite substantial progress, a number of key technical issues need to be resolved before gene therapy can be safely and effectively applied in the clinic. Future technological developments, particularly in the areas of gene delivery and cell transplantation, will be critical for the successful practice of gene therapy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mulligan, R C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 May 14;260(5110):926-32.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02142.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8493530" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenoviridae/genetics ; Animals ; *Genetic Therapy ; Genetic Vectors ; Hematologic Diseases/therapy ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; Humans ; Liver Diseases/therapy ; Lung Diseases/therapy ; Neoplasms/therapy ; Retroviridae/genetics ; Tissue Transplantation ; *Transfection ; Viruses/genetics
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    National Institutes of Health. Gene therapists jump ship (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-01-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Thompson, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jan 15;259(5093):303.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8419999" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Genetic Therapy/history ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/history ; *Research/history ; United States
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    AI helps researchers find meaning in molecules (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-08-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Freedman, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Aug 13;261(5123):844-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8346437" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; *Artificial Intelligence ; Base Sequence ; Collagen/chemistry/genetics/physiology ; DNA/chemistry/genetics ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; *Protein Structure, Secondary ; *Protein Structure, Tertiary ; *Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Software
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    Human genome program. Healy and Collins strike a deal (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-01-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Thompson, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jan 1;259(5091):22-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8418490" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Government Agencies ; Human Genome Project/*organization & administration ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; United States
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    A detailed genetic map for the X chromosome of the malaria vector, Anopheles gambiae (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-07-30
    Description: Anopheles gambiae, the primary vector of human malaria in Africa, is responsible for approximately a million deaths per year, mostly of children. Despite its significance in disease transmission, this mosquito has not been studied extensively by genetic or molecular techniques. To facilitate studies on this vector, a genetic map has been developed that covers the X chromosome at an average resolution of 2 centimorgans. This map has been integrated with the chromosome banding pattern and used to localize a recessive, sex-linked mutation (white eye) to within 1 centimorgan of flanking markers.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zheng, L -- Collins, F H -- Kumar, V -- Kafatos, F C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jul 30;261(5121):605-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cellular and Developmental Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8342025" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Animals ; Anopheles/*genetics ; Base Sequence ; Chromosome Banding ; *Chromosome Mapping ; Crosses, Genetic ; DNA, Satellite/genetics ; Female ; *Genes, Insect ; Genes, Recessive ; Genetic Markers ; Insect Vectors/*genetics ; Malaria/transmission ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Recombination, Genetic ; *X Chromosome
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    A new five-year plan for the U.S. Human Genome Project (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-10-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Collins, F -- Galas, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Oct 1;262(5130):43-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉National Center for Human Genome Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8211127" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biomedical Research ; Chromosome Mapping ; Ethics, Medical ; Federal Government ; Financing, Government ; Genetic Diseases, Inborn ; Genetic Markers ; Genetic Techniques ; Government Agencies ; *Human Genome Project/economics/legislation & jurisprudence ; Humans ; Industry ; International Cooperation ; Internationality ; Mice ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Research ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; United States
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    Generation of allospecific natural killer cells by stimulation across a polymorphism of HLA-C (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-05-21
    Description: The cytotoxicity of human natural killer (NK) cells is modulated by the major histocompatibility complex human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-C molecules on the surface of the target cell. Alloreactive NK cells specific for the NK-1 alloantigen could be reproducibly generated from individuals that were homozygous for HLA-C with asparagine at residue 77 and lysine at residue 80 [HLA-C(Asn77,Lys80)] by stimulation with target cells that were homozygous for HLA-C(Ser77,Asn80); the reciprocal stimulation yielded NK cells specific for the NK-2 alloantigen. However, neither homozygous target cell stimulated the generation of alloreactive NK cells from heterozygous individuals. Thus, these data reveal an unanticipated difference between human NK alloreactivity defined by this system and murine "hybrid resistance."〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Colonna, M -- Brooks, E G -- Falco, M -- Ferrara, G B -- Strominger, J L -- CA 47554/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- KO8 AI01064/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 May 21;260(5111):1121-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8493555" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; *Cytotoxicity, Immunologic ; Genotype ; HLA-C Antigens/genetics/*immunology ; Heterozygote ; Homozygote ; Humans ; Isoantigens/*immunology ; Killer Cells, Natural/*immunology ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides ; Polymorphism, Genetic
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    Systemic gene expression after intravenous DNA delivery into adult mice (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-07-09
    Description: Direct gene transfer into adult animals resulting in generalized or tissue-specific expression would facilitate rapid analysis of transgene effects and allow precise in vivo manipulation of biologic processes at the molecular level. A single intravenous injection of expression plasmid:cationic liposome complexes into adult mice efficiently transfected virtually all tissues. In addition to vascular endothelial cells, most of the extravascular parenchymal cells present in many tissues including the lung, spleen, lymph nodes, and bone marrow expressed the transgene without any apparent treatment-related toxicity. The transgene was still expressed in large numbers of cells in multiple tissues for at least 9 weeks after a single injection. Expression could be targeted to specific tissues and cell types, depending on the promoter element used.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zhu, N -- Liggitt, D -- Liu, Y -- Debs, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jul 9;261(5118):209-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Cancer Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0128.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7687073" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Bone Marrow/metabolism ; Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase/genetics ; Cystic Fibrosis/genetics ; Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator ; Cytomegalovirus/genetics ; Female ; *Gene Expression ; Injections, Intravenous ; Liposomes ; Liver/metabolism ; Lung/metabolism ; Lung Neoplasms/genetics ; Lymphoid Tissue/metabolism ; Membrane Proteins/genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Mice, Transgenic ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Myocardium/metabolism ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides ; Phosphatidylethanolamines/chemistry ; Plasmids ; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds ; *Transfection
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    Altered fluid transport across airway epithelium in cystic fibrosis (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1993-10-15
    Description: In cystic fibrosis (CF), absence or dysfunction of a phosphorylation-regulated chloride channel [CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR)] leads to the loss or reduction of chloride secretion into the airways. Active sodium absorption is also increased in CF, and both of these ion transport changes could alter fluid transport across the airways. Under baseline conditions, cultured human airway epithelia from normal individuals absorbed fluid, and this absorption was increased in epithelia from patients with CF. In normal and CF epithelial cultures fluid absorption was inhibited by amiloride. Adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate stimulated fluid secretion in normal epithelial cultures but not in cultures from individuals with CF. In contrast, fluid secretion induced by nucleotide triphosphates (uridine triphosphate or adenosine triphosphate) was unaltered in cultures of epithelia from patients with CF, suggesting an approach to the treatment of CF.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jiang, C -- Finkbeiner, W E -- Widdicombe, J H -- McCray, P B Jr -- Miller, S S -- HL 42368/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Oct 15;262(5132):424-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley 94720.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8211164" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Absorption ; Adenosine Triphosphate/pharmacology ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Amiloride/pharmacology ; Body Fluids/*metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Cyclic AMP/pharmacology ; Cystic Fibrosis/*metabolism ; Epithelial Cells ; Epithelium/metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Mucosa/cytology/*metabolism ; Sodium/metabolism ; Sodium Channels/metabolism ; Trachea/cytology/*metabolism ; Uridine Triphosphate/pharmacology
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    Mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, receptors and response elements (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-02-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Funder, J W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Feb 19;259(5098):1132-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Baker Medical Research Institute, Prahran, Victoria, Australia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8382375" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Binding Sites ; DNA/*metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Glucocorticoids/*physiology ; Mineralocorticoids/*physiology ; Models, Biological ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Receptors, Glucocorticoid/*metabolism ; Receptors, Mineralocorticoid ; Receptors, Steroid/*metabolism ; *Transcription, Genetic
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    Binding of L-selectin to the vascular sialomucin CD34 (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1993-10-15
    Description: The adhesive interactions between leukocyte L-selectin and the endothelium are involved in the migration of lymphocytes through peripheral lymph nodes and of neutrophils to sites of inflammation. A recombinant L-selectin stains high endothelial venules (HEVs) in lymph nodes and recognizes sulfated carbohydrates found on two endothelial glycoproteins, Sgp50 and Sgp90. Amino acid sequencing of purified Sgp90 revealed a protein core identical to that CD34, a sialomucin expressed on hematopoietic stem cells and endothelium. A polyclonal antiserum to recombinant murine CD34 stains peripheral lymph node endothelium and recognizes Sgp90 that is functionally bound by L-selectin. Thus, an HEV glycoform of CD34 can function as a ligand for L-selectin.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Baumheter, S -- Singer, M S -- Henzel, W -- Hemmerich, S -- Renz, M -- Rosen, S D -- Lasky, L A -- GM 23547/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Oct 15;262(5132):436-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Immunology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7692600" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 3T3 Cells ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antigens, CD/*metabolism ; Antigens, CD34 ; Cell Adhesion Molecules/*metabolism ; Clusterin ; Endothelium, Vascular/*metabolism ; Glycoproteins/*metabolism ; L-Selectin ; Lymph Nodes/*blood supply ; Mice ; *Molecular Chaperones ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mucins/*metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins/metabolism ; Sialomucins
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    Modal shifts in acetylcholine receptor channel gating confer subunit-dependent desensitization (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1993-06-18
    Description: During the transition from embryonic to adult skeletal muscle, a decreased mean channel open time and accelerated desensitization of nicotinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptors result from the substitution of an epsilon subunit for gamma. A single ACh receptor channel of the embryonic type, expressed in Xenopus oocytes, interconverts between gating modes of short and long open time, whereas the adult receptor channel resides almost exclusively in the gating mode with short open time. Differences in the fraction of time spent in either gating mode account for the subunit dependence of both receptor open time and desensitization. Therefore, developmental changes in the kinetics of muscle ACh receptors may be imparted through subunit-dependent stabilization of intrinsic gating modes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Naranjo, D -- Brehm, P -- NS18205/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jun 18;260(5115):1811-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, State University of New York, Stony Brook 11794.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8511590" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylcholine/*pharmacology ; Animals ; Embryo, Nonmammalian ; *Ion Channel Gating ; Kinetics ; Oocytes ; Receptors, Cholinergic/*metabolism ; Xenopus
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    Immunology. Interfering with interferon (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1993-03-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barinaga, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Mar 19;259(5102):1693-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8456294" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Gene Deletion ; Interferon-gamma/genetics/*immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Mutant Strains ; Receptors, Interferon/genetics ; Virus Diseases/immunology
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    Linearity of summation of synaptic potentials underlying direction selectivity in simple cells of the cat visual cortex (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-12-17
    Description: Intracellular recordings from simple cells of the cat visual cortex were used to test linear models for the generation of selectivity for the direction of visual motion. Direction selectivity has been thought to arise in part from nonlinear processes, as suggested by previous experiments that were based on extracellular recordings of action potentials. In intracellular recordings, however, the fluctuations in membrane potential evoked by moving stimuli were accurately predicted by the linear summation of responses to stationary stimuli. Nonlinear mechanisms were not required.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jagadeesh, B -- Wheat, H S -- Ferster, D -- R01 EY04726/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Dec 17;262(5141):1901-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurobiology and Physiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8266083" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Female ; Mathematics ; Membrane Potentials ; *Motion Perception ; Neurons/physiology ; *Synaptic Transmission ; Visual Cortex/*physiology
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    Distinct functions of SR proteins in alternative pre-mRNA splicing (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-04-09
    Description: Alternative splicing of precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs) is a common mechanism of regulating gene expression. SR proteins are a family of pre-mRNA splicing factors that are structurally related and evolutionarily conserved. Any member of the SR family can complement a splicing-deficient extract that lacks the entire family of SR proteins. Here it is demonstrated that particular SR proteins have distinct functions in alternative pre-mRNA splicing in vitro. In addition, SR proteins are differentially expressed in a variety of tissues. These results suggest a fundamental role for SR proteins in the regulation of alternative splicing.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zahler, A M -- Neugebauer, K M -- Lane, W S -- Roth, M B -- 42786-02/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Apr 9;260(5105):219-22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98104.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8385799" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Alternative Splicing ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Cell Extracts ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; RNA Precursors/*genetics ; RNA Splicing ; RNA, Viral/genetics ; RNA-Binding Proteins/*physiology ; Simian virus 40/genetics
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    Mutation of glycine receptor subunit creates beta-alanine receptor responsive to GABA (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-10-08
    Description: The amino acid at position 160 of the ligand-binding subunit, alpha 1, is an important determinant of agonist and antagonist binding to the glycine receptor. Exchange of the neighboring residues, phenylalanine at position 159 and tyrosine at position 161, increased the efficacy of amino acid agonists. Whereas wild-type alpha 1 channels expressed in Xenopus oocytes required 0.7 millimolar beta-alanine for a half-maximal response, the doubly mutated (F159Y,Y161F) alpha 1 subunit had an affinity for beta-alanine (which was more potent than glycine) that was 110-fold that of the wild type. Also, gamma-aminobutyric acid and D-serine, amino acids that do not activate wild-type alpha 1 receptors, efficiently gated the mutant channel. Thus, aromatic hydroxyl groups are crucial for ligand discrimination at inhibitory amino acid receptors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schmieden, V -- Kuhse, J -- Betz, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Oct 8;262(5131):256-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, Frankfurt, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8211147" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Female ; Glycine/metabolism ; Ion Channel Gating/drug effects ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed ; Oocytes ; Receptors, GABA/chemistry/metabolism ; Receptors, Glycine/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Serine/pharmacology ; Taurine/pharmacology ; Xenopus ; beta-Alanine/*metabolism/pharmacology ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/*metabolism/pharmacology
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    Selective and ATP-dependent translocation of peptides by the MHC-encoded transporter (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-08-06
    Description: Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules present peptides derived from nuclear and cytosolic proteins to CD8+ T cells. These peptides are translocated into the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to associate with class I molecules. Two MHC-encoded putative transporter proteins, TAP1 and TAP2, are required for efficient assembly of class I molecules and presentation of endogenous peptides. Expression of TAP1 and TAP2 in a mutant cell line resulted in the delivery of an 11-amino acid oligomer model peptide to the ER. Peptide translocation depended on the sequence of the peptide, was adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-dependent, required ATP hydrolysis, and was inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Neefjes, J J -- Momburg, F -- Hammerling, G J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Aug 6;261(5122):769-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8342042" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters ; Adenosine Triphosphate/*metabolism ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Biological Transport ; Carrier Proteins/*metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cell Membrane Permeability ; Endoplasmic Reticulum/metabolism ; Glycosylation ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class II/*metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oligopeptides/*metabolism ; Rats ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/*metabolism ; Transfection
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    HTLV-1 provirus and mycosis fungoides (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-03-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bazarbachi, A -- Saal, F -- Laroche, L -- Flageul, B -- Peries, J -- de The, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Mar 5;259(5100):1470-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8451646" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Genes, Viral ; Genetic Markers ; Human T-lymphotropic virus 1/genetics/*isolation & purification ; Humans ; Mycosis Fungoides/*microbiology ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides ; Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods ; Sezary Syndrome/*microbiology ; Skin Neoplasms/*microbiology
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    Bioinorganic chemistry: a maturing frontier (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-08-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lippard, S J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Aug 6;261(5122):699-700.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8342037" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Chemistry, Bioinorganic ; Enzymes/metabolism ; Humans ; Indicators and Reagents ; *Metalloproteins/physiology ; *Metals/metabolism ; Oxidation-Reduction ; RNA, Catalytic/metabolism
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    Cloning the differences between two complex genomes (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-02-12
    Description: The analysis of the differences between two complex genomes holds promise for the discovery of infectious agents and probes useful for genetic studies. A system was developed in which subtractive and kinetic enrichment was used to purify restriction endonuclease fragments present in one population of DNA fragments but not in another. Application of this method to DNA populations of reduced complexity ("representations") resulted in the isolation of probes to viral genomes present as single copies in human DNA, and probes that detect polymorphisms between two individuals. In principle, this system, called representational difference analysis (RDA), may also be used for isolating probes linked to sites of genomic rearrangements, whether occurring spontaneously and resulting in genetic disorders or cancer, or programmed during differentiation and development.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lisitsyn, N -- Wigler, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Feb 12;259(5097):946-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, NY 11724.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8438152" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenoviridae/genetics ; Bacteriophage lambda/genetics ; Base Sequence ; *Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/*chemistry ; DNA Probes ; DNA, Viral ; Female ; Gene Deletion ; Genetic Diseases, Inborn/genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Neoplasms/genetics ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization/methods ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
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    White House wins an AIDS czarina (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-07-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jul 9;261(5118):158.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8327888" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; *Health Policy ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Research ; United States
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    Cyclic ADP-ribose: a new way to control calcium (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-01-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Galione, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jan 15;259(5093):325-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉University Department of Pharmacology, Oxford, United Kingdom.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8380506" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose/*analogs & derivatives/physiology ; Animals ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Calcium Channels/physiology ; Cyclic ADP-Ribose ; Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors ; Inositol Phosphates/metabolism ; Ovum/*metabolism ; Receptors, Cell Surface/physiology ; Receptors, Cholinergic/physiology ; *Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear ; Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel ; Sea Urchins ; *Second Messenger Systems
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    Resistance of MHC class I-deficient mice to experimental systemic lupus erythematosus (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-07-02
    Description: Experimental systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) can be induced in mice by immunization with a human monoclonal antibody to DNA that bears a common idiotype (16/6Id). These mice generate antibodies to 16/6Id, antibodies to DNA, and antibodies directed against nuclear antigens. Subsequently, manifestations of SLE develop, including leukopenia, proteinuria, and immune complex deposits in the kidney. In contrast, after immunization with 16/6Id, mice lacking major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules generated antibodies to 16/6Id but did not generate antibodies to DNA or to nuclear antigen. Furthermore, they did not develop any of the above clinical manifestations. These results reveal an unexpected function of MHC class I in the induction of autoimmune SLE.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mozes, E -- Kohn, L D -- Hakim, F -- Singer, D S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jul 2;261(5117):91-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8316860" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Antinuclear/immunology ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/*immunology ; Immunity, Innate ; Immunization ; Immunoglobulin Idiotypes/immunology ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/*immunology ; Mice
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    AIDS research. Reorganization plan draws fire at NIH (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-02-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Feb 5;259(5096):753-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8430325" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/economics ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Politics ; *Research ; Research Support as Topic ; United States ; United States Dept. of Health and Human Services
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    Fusion between transcription factor CBF beta/PEBP2 beta and a myosin heavy chain in acute myeloid leukemia (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-08-20
    Description: The pericentric inversion of chromosome 16 [inv(16)(p13q22)] is a characteristic karyotypic abnormality associated with acute myeloid leukemia, most commonly of the M4Eo subtype. The 16p and 16q breakpoints were pinpointed by yeast artificial chromosome and cosmid cloning, and the two genes involved in this inversion were identified. On 16q the inversion occurred near the end of the coding region for CBF beta, also known as PEBP2 beta, a subunit of a heterodimeric transcription factor regulating genes expressed in T cells; on 16p a smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (SMMHC) gene (MYH11) was interrupted. In six of six inv(16) patient samples tested, an in-frame fusion messenger RNA was demonstrated that connected the first 165 amino acids of CBF beta with the tail region of SMMHC. The repeated coiled coil of SMMHC may result in dimerization of the CBF beta fusion protein, which in turn would lead to alterations in transcriptional regulation and contribute to leukemic transformation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Liu, P -- Tarle, S A -- Hajra, A -- Claxton, D F -- Marlton, P -- Freedman, M -- Siciliano, M J -- Collins, F S -- CA55164/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Aug 20;261(5124):1041-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor 48109.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8351518" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; *Chromosome Inversion ; *Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16 ; Cloning, Molecular ; Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit ; Core Binding Factor beta Subunit ; Core Binding Factors ; Cosmids ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*genetics ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Acute/*genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Muscle, Smooth/chemistry ; Myosins/*genetics ; *Neoplasm Proteins ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Protein Multimerization ; Restriction Mapping ; Transcription Factor AP-2 ; Transcription Factors/*genetics
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    Benzodiazepine peptidomimetics: potent inhibitors of Ras farnesylation in animal cells (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-06-25
    Description: Oncogenic Ras proteins transform animal cells to a malignant phenotype only when modified by farnesyl residues attached to cysteines near their carboxyl termini. The farnesyltransferase that catalyzes this reaction recognizes tetrapeptides of the sequence CAAX, where C is cysteine, A is an aliphatic amino acid, and X is a carboxyl-terminal methionine or serine. Replacement of the two aliphatic residues with a benzodiazepine-based mimic of a peptide turn generated potent inhibitors of farnesyltransferase [50 percent inhibitory concentration (IC50) 〈 1 nM]. Unlike tetrapeptides, the benzodiazepine peptidomimetics enter cells and block attachment of farnesyl to Ras, nuclear lamins, and several other proteins. At micromolar concentrations, these inhibitors restored a normal growth pattern to Ras-transformed cells. The benzodiazepine peptidomimetics may be useful in the design of treatments for tumors in which oncogenic Ras proteins contribute to abnormal growth, such as that of the colon, lung, and pancreas.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉James, G L -- Goldstein, J L -- Brown, M S -- Rawson, T E -- Somers, T C -- McDowell, R S -- Crowley, C W -- Lucas, B K -- Levinson, A D -- Marsters, J C Jr -- HL 20948/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jun 25;260(5116):1937-42.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8316834" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Alkyl and Aryl Transferases ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry/*pharmacology ; Benzodiazepinones/chemistry/*pharmacology ; CHO Cells ; Cell Division/drug effects ; Cell Line, Transformed ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/drug effects ; Cricetinae ; Drug Design ; Farnesyltranstransferase ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oligopeptides/pharmacology ; Oncogene Proteins/*metabolism ; Protein Prenylation/*drug effects ; Transferases/*antagonists & inhibitors
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    A wingless-dependent polar coordinate system in Drosophila imaginal discs (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-01-22
    Description: The patterning of the imaginal discs in Drosophila melanogaster is a progressive process that, like the patterning of the larval epidermis during embryogenesis, requires the activity of segment polarity genes. One segment polarity gene, wingless, encodes a homolog of the mouse proto-oncogene Wnt-1 and plays a prominent role in the patterning of the larval epidermis and the imaginal discs. However, whereas the function of wingless in the embryo is initially associated with a pattern of stripes along the anteroposterior axis that are part of a Cartesian coordinate system, it is shown here that during imaginal development wingless is associated with a pattern of sectors that provide references for a polar coordinate system homologous to that postulated in a well-known model for the regeneration of insect and vertebrate limbs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Couso, J P -- Bate, M -- Martinez-Arias, A -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jan 22;259(5094):484-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8424170" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Drosophila melanogaster/embryology/*genetics/growth & development ; Embryo, Nonmammalian/cytology/physiology ; Gene Expression ; Larva ; Mice ; Phenotype ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/genetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics ; Proto-Oncogenes ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Wings, Animal ; Wnt Proteins ; Wnt1 Protein ; *Zebrafish Proteins ; beta-Galactosidase/genetics
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    Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase encoded by yeast VPS34 gene essential for protein sorting (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-04-02
    Description: The VPS34 gene product (Vps34p) is required for protein sorting to the lysosome-like vacuole of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Vps34p shares significant sequence similarity with the catalytic subunit of bovine phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase [the 110-kilodalton (p110) subunit of PI 3-kinase], which is known to interact with activated cell surface receptor tyrosine kinases. Yeast strains deleted for the VPS34 gene or carrying vps34 point mutations lacked detectable PI 3-kinase activity and exhibited severe defects in vacuolar protein sorting. Overexpression of Vps34p resulted in an increase in PI 3-kinase activity, and this activity was specifically precipitated with antisera to Vps34p. VPS34 encodes a yeast PI 3-kinase, and this enzyme appears to regulate intracellular protein trafficking decisions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schu, P V -- Takegawa, K -- Fry, M J -- Stack, J H -- Waterfield, M D -- Emr, S D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Apr 2;260(5104):88-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8385367" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Brain/enzymology ; Cattle ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Fungal Proteins/*metabolism ; Gene Deletion ; Gene Expression ; *Genes, Fungal ; Lysosomes/metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases ; Phosphotransferases/chemistry/*genetics/metabolism ; Point Mutation ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/enzymology/*genetics ; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid ; Signal Transduction ; Vacuoles/metabolism
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    T cell receptor specificity and diabetes in nonobese diabetic mice (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-12-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bendelac, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Dec 3;262(5139):1582-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8248809" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/*immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred NOD ; Mice, Transgenic ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/*genetics
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    Genetic identification of a hantavirus associated with an outbreak of acute respiratory illness (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-11-05
    Description: A mysterious respiratory illness with high mortality was recently reported in the southwestern United States. Serologic studies implicated the hantaviruses, rodent-borne RNA viruses usually associated elsewhere in the world with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. A genetic detection assay amplified hantavirus-specific DNA fragments from RNA extracted from the tissues of patients and deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) caught at or near patient residences. Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed the associated virus to be a new hantavirus and provided a direct genetic link between infection in patients and rodents.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nichol, S T -- Spiropoulou, C F -- Morzunov, S -- Rollin, P E -- Ksiazek, T G -- Feldmann, H -- Sanchez, A -- Childs, J -- Zaki, S -- Peters, C J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Nov 5;262(5135):914-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8235615" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Bunyaviridae Infections/epidemiology/*microbiology/veterinary ; DNA Primers ; *Disease Outbreaks ; *Disease Reservoirs ; *Genome, Viral ; Hantavirus/classification/*genetics/isolation & purification ; Humans ; Lung Diseases/epidemiology/*microbiology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Peromyscus/*microbiology ; Phylogeny ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Rodent Diseases/epidemiology/microbiology ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Southwestern United States/epidemiology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 82
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    Boning up with organoapatites (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-12-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Travis, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Dec 10;262(5140):1646-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8259509" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biocompatible Materials ; *Bone and Bones ; Crystallization ; Hydroxyapatites/*chemistry ; Osteogenesis ; Polymers/*chemistry
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  • 83
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    Higher level organization of individual gene transcription and RNA splicing (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-02-26
    Description: Visualization of fibronectin and neurotensin messenger RNAs within mammalian interphase nuclei was achieved by fluorescence hybridization with genomic, complementary DNA, and intron-specific probes. Unspliced transcripts accumulated in one or two sites per nucleus. Fibronectin RNA frequently accumulated in elongated tracks that overlapped and extended well beyond the site of transcription. Splicing appears to occur directly within this RNA track, as evidenced by an unambiguous spatial separation of intron-containing and spliced transcripts. Excised introns for neurotensin RNA appear free to diffuse. The transcription and processing site of the fibronectin gene localized to the nuclear interior and was associated with larger transcript domains in over 88 percent of the cells. These results support a view of nuclear function closely integrated with structure.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Xing, Y -- Johnson, C V -- Dobner, P R -- Lawrence, J B -- R01 HG00251/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL33307/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Feb 26;259(5099):1326-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cell Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester 01655.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8446901" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism/*ultrastructure ; Fibronectins/genetics ; Gene Expression ; In Vitro Techniques ; Introns ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Neurotensin/genetics ; PC12 Cells ; Poly A/metabolism ; *RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional ; RNA Splicing ; RNA, Messenger/*metabolism ; Rats ; Spliceosomes/metabolism ; *Transcription, Genetic
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  • 84
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    New chemicals seek to outwit insect pests (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-07-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Moffat, A S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jul 30;261(5121):550-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8393587" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; GABA Antagonists ; *Imidazoles/chemistry/toxicity ; *Insecticides/chemistry/toxicity ; Insects/drug effects/metabolism ; Neurons/drug effects/metabolism ; Nitro Compounds ; *Pyrazoles/chemistry/toxicity ; *Pyrroles/chemistry/toxicity ; Receptors, Cholinergic/drug effects ; Receptors, GABA-A/drug effects
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 85
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    Identification of the von Hippel-Lindau disease tumor suppressor gene (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-05-28
    Description: A gene discovered by positional cloning has been identified as the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease tumor suppressor gene. A restriction fragment encompassing the gene showed rearrangements in 28 of 221 VHL kindreds. Eighteen of these rearrangements were due to deletions in the candidate gene, including three large nonoverlapping deletions. Intragenic mutations were detected in cell lines derived from VHL patients and from sporadic renal cell carcinomas. The VHL gene is evolutionarily conserved and encodes two widely expressed transcripts of approximately 6 and 6.5 kilobases. The partial sequence of the inferred gene product shows no homology to other proteins, except for an acidic repeat domain found in the procyclic surface membrane glycoprotein of Trypanosoma brucei.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Latif, F -- Tory, K -- Gnarra, J -- Yao, M -- Duh, F M -- Orcutt, M L -- Stackhouse, T -- Kuzmin, I -- Modi, W -- Geil, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 May 28;260(5112):1317-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Immunobiology, National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center (NCI-FCRDC), Frederick, MD 21702-1201.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8493574" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell/genetics ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3 ; Cloning, Molecular ; Gene Deletion ; *Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms/genetics ; Membrane Glycoproteins/chemistry/*genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Open Reading Frames ; Pedigree ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; von Hippel-Lindau Disease/*genetics
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 86
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    Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome: an emerging infectious disease (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-11-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hughes, J M -- Peters, C J -- Cohen, M L -- Mahy, B W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Nov 5;262(5135):850-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉National Center for Infectious Diseases, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, GA 30333.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8235607" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bunyaviridae Infections/*epidemiology/microbiology/therapy ; *Disease Outbreaks ; Disease Reservoirs ; Hantavirus/*isolation & purification ; Humans ; Lung Diseases/*epidemiology/microbiology/therapy ; Peromyscus/*microbiology ; Pulmonary Edema ; Southwestern United States/epidemiology ; United States/epidemiology
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  • 87
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    A mechanism for virilization of female spotted hyenas in utero (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-06-25
    Description: Female spotted hyenas exhibit male-like genitalia and dominance over males. Hyena ovarian tissues incubated in vitro produced large quantities of the steroid hormone precursor androstenedione. The activity of aromatase, which converts androstenedione to estrogen, was one-twentieth as great in hyena versus human placental homogenates. In comparison, the activity of 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, which converts androstenedione to testosterone, was equal in the two homogenates. The limited aromatase activity may allow the hyena placenta to convert high circulating concentrations of androstenedione to testosterone, which results in virilization of the fetal external genitalia and possibly destruction of fetal ovarian follicles. Androstenedione production by residual ovarian stromal cells during reproductive life accounts for the epigenetic transmission of virilization in female spotted hyenas.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yalcinkaya, T M -- Siiteri, P K -- Vigne, J L -- Licht, P -- Pavgi, S -- Frank, L G -- Glickman, S E -- CA-39825/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- MH-39917/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jun 25;260(5116):1929-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, University of California School of Medicine, San Francisco 94143.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8391165" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 17-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases/metabolism ; Animals ; Aromatase/*metabolism ; Carnivora/embryology/*metabolism ; Corpus Luteum/metabolism ; Estradiol/biosynthesis ; Female ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Luteinizing Hormone/pharmacology ; Male ; Ovary/*metabolism ; Placenta/enzymology/*metabolism ; Pregnancy ; Progesterone/biosynthesis ; *Sex Differentiation ; Testosterone/*biosynthesis
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  • 88
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    A Manhattan Project by any other name (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-08-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Aug 13;261(5123):827.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8346433" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; Humans ; *Research ; United States
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  • 89
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    AIDS the unanswered questions: four European researchers (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-05-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 May 28;260(5112):1263-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8493569" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *AIDS Vaccines ; *Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/immunology/microbiology ; HIV/genetics/immunology ; Humans ; *Research
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  • 90
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    Army to test only MicroGeneSys vaccine (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-08-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Aug 13;261(5123):819.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8346429" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: AIDS Vaccines/*therapeutic use ; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/therapy ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Financing, Government ; Government Agencies ; HIV/immunology ; Humans ; *Military Medicine ; Recombinant Proteins/therapeutic use ; United States ; United States Dept. of Health and Human Services ; Vaccines, Synthetic/therapeutic use
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  • 91
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    Association of the APC gene product with beta-catenin (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1993-12-10
    Description: Mutations in the human APC gene are linked to familial adenomatous polyposis and to the progression of sporadic colorectal and gastric tumors. To gain insight into APC function, APC-associated proteins were identified by immunoprecipitation experiments. Antibodies to APC precipitated a 95-kilodalton protein that was purified and identified by sequencing as beta-catenin, a protein that binds to the cell adhesion molecule E-cadherin. An antibody specific to beta-catenin also recognized the 95-kilodalton protein in the immunoprecipitates. These results suggest that APC is involved in cell adhesion.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rubinfeld, B -- Souza, B -- Albert, I -- Muller, O -- Chamberlain, S H -- Masiarz, F R -- Munemitsu, S -- Polakis, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Dec 10;262(5140):1731-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Onyx Pharmaceuticals, Richmond, CA 94806.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8259518" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenomatous Polyposis Coli Protein ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Antibodies ; Cadherins/*metabolism ; Cell Adhesion ; Cell Line ; Colonic Neoplasms/genetics/*metabolism ; Cytoskeletal Proteins/chemistry/isolation & purification/*metabolism ; *Genes, APC ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Neoplasm Proteins/genetics/immunology/*metabolism ; Precipitin Tests ; *Trans-Activators ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; beta Catenin
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  • 92
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    Recoverin's role: conclusion withdrawn (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-05-07
    Description: In the chart accompanying Christopher Anderson's News & Comment article "Clinton asks for a greener DOE" (9 Apr., p. 153), the budget figures for Basic Energy Science were incorrect. The correct figures are $861 million for the 1993 appropriation and $802 million for the 1994 request.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hurley, J B -- Dizhoor, A M -- Ray, S -- Stryer, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 May 7;260(5109):740.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8097896" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens, Neoplasm/pharmacology/*physiology ; Calcium/metabolism/pharmacology ; Calcium-Binding Proteins/pharmacology/*physiology ; Cattle ; Enzyme Activation ; *Eye Proteins ; Guanylate Cyclase/*metabolism ; Hippocalcin ; *Lipoproteins ; *Nerve Tissue Proteins ; Photoreceptor Cells/*metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins ; Recoverin ; Retina/chemistry
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  • 93
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    Crystal structure of the repetitive segments of spectrin (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1993-12-24
    Description: The elongated proteins of the spectrin family (dystrophin, alpha-actinin, and spectrin) contain tandemly repeated segments and form resilient cellular meshworks by cross-linking actin filaments. The structure of one of the repetitive segments of alpha-spectrin was determined at a 1.8 angstrom resolution. A segment consists of a three-helix bundle. A model of the interface between two tandem segments suggests that hydrophobic interactions between segments may constrain intersegment flexibility. The helix side chain interactions explain how mutations that are known to produce hemolytic anemias disrupt spectrin associations that sustain the integrity of the erythrocyte membrane.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yan, Y -- Winograd, E -- Viel, A -- Cronin, T -- Harrison, S C -- Branton, D -- CA 13202/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- HL 17411/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Dec 24;262(5142):2027-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8266097" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Crystallization ; Drosophila ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Protein Conformation ; Spectrin/*chemistry
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  • 94
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    Alterations of a zinc finger-encoding gene, BCL-6, in diffuse large-cell lymphoma (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-10-29
    Description: The molecular pathogenesis of diffuse large-cell lymphoma (DLCL), the most frequent and clinically relevant type of lymphoma, is unknown. A gene was cloned from chromosomal translocations affecting band 3q27, which are common in DLCL. This gene, BCL-6, codes for a 79-kilodalton protein that is homologous with zinc finger-transcription factors. In 33 percent (13 of 39) of DLCL samples, but not in other types of lymphoid malignancies, the BCL-6 gene is truncated within its 5' noncoding sequences, suggesting that its expression is deregulated. Thus, BCL-6 may be a proto-oncogene specifically involved in the pathogenesis of DLCL.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ye, B H -- Lista, F -- Lo Coco, F -- Knowles, D M -- Offit, K -- Chaganti, R S -- Dalla-Favera, R -- CA 44029/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 48236/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- EY 06337/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Oct 29;262(5134):747-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pathology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8235596" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Cell Line ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3 ; DNA, Complementary ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics ; Exons ; Gene Rearrangement ; Humans ; Introns ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/*genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-6 ; Proto-Oncogenes/*genetics ; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid ; Transcription Factors/genetics ; Translocation, Genetic ; Zinc Fingers/*genetics
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  • 95
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    AIDS conference in Berlin offers plenty of hidden gems (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-05-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 May 28;260(5112):1262-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8493568" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: AIDS Vaccines ; *Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/immunology/microbiology ; Animals ; Berlin ; HIV/physiology ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate
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  • 96
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    Induction by EGF and interferon-gamma of tyrosine phosphorylated DNA binding proteins in mouse liver nuclei (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-09-24
    Description: Intraperitoneal injection of epidermal growth factor (EGF) into mice resulted in the appearance in liver nuclei of three tyrosine phosphorylated proteins (84, 91, and 92 kilodaltons) within minutes after administration of EGF. Administration of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) resulted in the appearance in liver nuclei of two tyrosine phosphorylated proteins (84 and 91 kilodaltons). The 84- and 91-kilodalton proteins detected after either EGF or IFN-gamma administration were identified as the IFN-gamma activation factors (GAF). Furthermore, gel shift analysis revealed that these GAF proteins, detected after either EGF or IFN-gamma administration, specifically bound to the sis-inducible element of the c-fos promoter. Thus, GAF proteins participate in nuclear signaling in both IFN-gamma and EGF pathways.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ruff-Jamison, S -- Chen, K -- Cohen, S -- HD-00700/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Sep 24;261(5129):1733-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8378774" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Nucleus/drug effects/*metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*metabolism ; Epidermal Growth Factor/*pharmacology ; Genes, fos ; Interferon-Stimulated Gene Factor 3 ; Interferon-gamma/*pharmacology ; Liver/drug effects/metabolism ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phosphorylation ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; STAT1 Transcription Factor ; *Trans-Activators ; Transcription Factors/*metabolism ; Tyrosine/*metabolism
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 97
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    What HIV parts should be the basis of a vaccine? How should they be presented to the immune system? (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-05-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 May 28;260(5112):1261.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8493567" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: AIDS Vaccines/*immunology ; Animals ; Genetic Engineering ; HIV/genetics/immunology ; HIV Antibodies/biosynthesis ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Killer Cells, Natural/immunology ; Vaccines, Attenuated/immunology ; Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 98
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    An adenovirus vector for gene transfer into neurons and glia in the brain (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-02-12
    Description: The efficient introduction of genetic material into quiescent nerve cells is important in the study of brain function and for gene therapy of neurological disorders. A replication-deficient adenoviral vector that contained a reporter gene encoding beta-galactosidase infected rat nerve cells in vitro and in vivo. beta-Galactosidase was expressed in almost all sympathetic neurons and astrocytes in culture. After stereotactic inoculations into the rat hippocampus and the substantia nigra, beta-galactosidase activity was detected for 2 months. Infected cells were identified as microglial cells, astrocytes, or neurons with anatomical, morphological, and immunohistochemical criteria. No obvious cytopathic effect was observed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Le Gal La Salle, G -- Robert, J J -- Berrard, S -- Ridoux, V -- Stratford-Perricaudet, L D -- Perricaudet, M -- Mallet, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Feb 12;259(5097):988-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institut Alfred Fessard, Unite Propre de Recherche 2212, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Gif sur Yvette, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8382374" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenoviridae/*genetics ; Animals ; Astrocytes/metabolism/microbiology ; Avian Sarcoma Viruses/genetics ; Brain/*cytology ; DNA/genetics ; Gene Expression ; *Genetic Vectors ; Hippocampus/cytology/metabolism ; Neuroglia/*metabolism/microbiology ; Neurons/*metabolism/microbiology ; Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics ; Rats ; Substantia Nigra/cytology/metabolism ; *Transfection ; beta-Galactosidase/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 99
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    How can viral variation be overcome? (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-05-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 May 28;260(5112):1260.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8493566" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *AIDS Vaccines ; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/microbiology ; *Genetic Variation ; Giant Cells ; HIV/classification/*genetics/immunology ; Humans ; Phenotype
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 100
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    Calcium mobilization by dual receptors during fertilization of sea urchin eggs (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-07-16
    Description: Fertilization is accompanied by a transient increase in the concentration of intracellular Ca2+, which serves as a signal for initiating development. Some of the Ca2+ appears to be released from intracellular stores by the binding of inositol trisphosphate (IP3) to its receptor. However, in sea urchin eggs, other mechanisms appear to participate. Cyclic adenosine diphosphate--ribose (cADPR), a naturally occurring metabolite of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, is as potent as IP3 in mobilizing Ca2+ in sea urchin eggs. Experiments with antagonists of the cADPR and IP3 receptors revealed that both Ca2+ mobilizing systems were activated during fertilization. Blockage of either of the systems alone was not sufficient to prevent the sperm-induced Ca2+ transient. This study provides direct evidence for a physiological role of cADPR in the Ca2+ signaling process.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lee, H C -- Aarhus, R -- Walseth, T F -- HD17484/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jul 16;261(5119):352-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8392749" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Animals ; Calcium/*metabolism ; *Calcium Channels ; Cyclic ADP-Ribose ; Cyclic AMP/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Female ; *Fertilization ; Heparin/pharmacology ; Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate/pharmacology ; Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors ; Ovum/*metabolism ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*physiology ; *Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear ; Sea Urchins ; Signal Transduction
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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