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  • 1
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    The contribution of noise to contrast invariance of orientation tuning in cat visual cortex (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-12-09
    Description: Feedforward models of visual cortex appear to be inconsistent with a well-known property of cortical cells: contrast invariance of orientation tuning. The models' fixed threshold broadens orientation tuning as contrast increases, whereas in real cells tuning width is invariant with contrast. We have compared the orientation tuning of spike and membrane potential responses in single cells. Both are contrast invariant, yet a threshold-linear relation applied to the membrane potential accurately predicts the orientation tuning of spike responses. The key to this apparent paradox lies in the noisiness of the membrane potential. Responses that are subthreshold on average are still capable of generating spikes on individual trials. Unlike the iceberg effect, contrast invariance remains intact even as threshold narrows orientation selectivity. Noise may, by extension, smooth the average relation between membrane potential and spike rate throughout the brain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Anderson, J S -- Lampl, I -- Gillespie, D C -- Ferster, D -- R01 EY04726/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Dec 8;290(5498):1968-72.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurobiology and Physiology, Northwestern University, 2153 North Campus Drive, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11110664" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Cats ; *Contrast Sensitivity ; Membrane Potentials ; Microelectrodes ; Models, Neurological ; Nerve Net/physiology ; Neurons/*physiology ; *Orientation ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Photic Stimulation ; Visual Cortex/cytology/*physiology ; *Visual Perception
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Neuroscience: Each synapse to its own (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-04-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Priebe, Nicholas J -- Ferster, David -- England -- Nature. 2010 Apr 29;464(7293):1290-1. doi: 10.1038/4641290b.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20428159" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Calcium Signaling ; Cats ; Dendrites/physiology ; Mice ; Models, Neurological ; Sensory Receptor Cells/cytology/*metabolism ; Synapses/*metabolism ; Visual Cortex/*cytology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 3
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    Visually evoked oscillations of membrane potential in cells of cat visual cortex (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-07-24
    Description: In response to visual stimulation, cells of the cat visual cortex fire rhythmically at frequencies between 30 and 60 hertz. This rhythmic firing can be synchronized among cells in widespread areas of the visual cortex. The visual stimulus conditions under which this process occurs suggest that the synchronization may contribute to the integration of information across broadly displaced parts of the visual field. An intricate mechanism must control the regularity of firing and its synchronization. In vivo whole-cell patch recordings from cells in area 17 have now shown that robust oscillations of membrane potential underlie the regularity of firing seen extracellularly. In the cells studied, the characteristics of the oscillations of membrane potential suggest that such oscillations are produced by rhythmic activity in synaptic inputs. These rhythmic synaptic inputs form the most likely mechanism for the synchronization of activity in neighboring cortical cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jagadeesh, B -- Gray, C M -- Ferster, D -- R01 EY04726/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R29 EY08686/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jul 24;257(5069):552-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurobiology and Physiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1636094" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; *Evoked Potentials, Visual ; Membrane Potentials ; Photic Stimulation ; Time Factors ; Visual Cortex/*physiology ; Visual Fields
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    A tonic hyperpolarization underlying contrast adaptation in cat visual cortex (1997)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-05-09
    Description: The firing rate responses of neurons in the primary visual cortex grow with stimulus contrast, the variation in the luminance of an image relative to the mean luminance. These responses, however, are reduced after a cell is exposed for prolonged periods to high-contrast visual stimuli. This phenomenon, known as contrast adaptation, occurs in the cortex and is not present at earlier stages of visual processing. To investigate the cellular mechanisms underlying cortical adaptation, intracellular recordings were performed in the visual cortex of cats, and the effects of prolonged visual stimulation were studied. Surprisingly, contrast adaptation barely affected the stimulus-driven modulations in the membrane potential of cortical cells. Moreover, it did not produce sizable changes in membrane resistance. The major effect of adaptation, evident both in the presence and in the absence of a visual stimulus, was a tonic hyperpolarization. Adaptation affects a class of synaptic inputs, most likely excitatory in nature, that exert a tonic influence on cortical cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carandini, M -- Ferster, D -- EY04726/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1997 May 9;276(5314):949-52.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurobiology and Physiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9139658" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptation, Physiological ; Animals ; Cats ; Contrast Sensitivity/*physiology ; Evoked Potentials, Visual ; Membrane Potentials ; Neurons/*physiology ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Photic Stimulation ; Visual Cortex/cytology/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Neuroscience. Blocking plasticity in the visual cortex (2004)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-03-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ferster, David -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Mar 12;303(5664):1619-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurobiology and Physiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208-3520, USA. ferster@northwestern.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15016985" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Carbolines/pharmacology ; Cats ; Cues ; Diazepam/pharmacology ; Dominance, Ocular/*physiology ; Interneurons/physiology ; Mice ; Models, Neurological ; Mutation ; Neural Inhibition ; *Neuronal Plasticity ; Neurons/*physiology ; Protein Subunits ; Receptors, GABA-A/genetics/*physiology ; Synaptic Transmission ; Thalamus/growth & development/physiology ; Vision, Ocular ; Visual Cortex/anatomy & histology/*growth & development/*physiology ; Visual Pathways ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Synfire chains and cortical songs: temporal modules of cortical activity (2004)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-04-24
    Description: How can neural activity propagate through cortical networks built with weak, stochastic synapses? We find precise repetitions of spontaneous patterns of synaptic inputs in neocortical neurons in vivo and in vitro. These patterns repeat after minutes, maintaining millisecond accuracy. Calcium imaging of slices reveals reactivation of sequences of cells during the occurrence of repeated intracellular synaptic patterns. The spontaneous activity drifts with time, engaging different cells. Sequences of active neurons have distinct spatial structures and are repeated in the same order over tens of seconds, revealing modular temporal dynamics. Higher order sequences are replayed with compressed timing.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ikegaya, Yuji -- Aaron, Gloster -- Cossart, Rosa -- Aronov, Dmitriy -- Lampl, Ilan -- Ferster, David -- Yuste, Rafael -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Apr 23;304(5670):559-64.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15105494" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine/pharmacology ; 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate/pharmacology ; Action Potentials ; Animals ; Benzazepines/pharmacology ; Calcium/metabolism ; Cats ; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials ; In Vitro Techniques ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Nerve Net/physiology ; Neurons/*physiology ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Prefrontal Cortex/cytology/*physiology ; Pyramidal Cells/physiology ; Receptors, Dopamine D1/physiology ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/physiology ; Synapses/physiology ; *Synaptic Transmission ; Time Factors ; Visual Cortex/cytology/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Linearity of summation of synaptic potentials underlying direction selectivity in simple cells of the cat visual cortex (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-12-17
    Description: Intracellular recordings from simple cells of the cat visual cortex were used to test linear models for the generation of selectivity for the direction of visual motion. Direction selectivity has been thought to arise in part from nonlinear processes, as suggested by previous experiments that were based on extracellular recordings of action potentials. In intracellular recordings, however, the fluctuations in membrane potential evoked by moving stimuli were accurately predicted by the linear summation of responses to stationary stimuli. Nonlinear mechanisms were not required.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jagadeesh, B -- Wheat, H S -- Ferster, D -- R01 EY04726/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Dec 17;262(5141):1901-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurobiology and Physiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8266083" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Female ; Mathematics ; Membrane Potentials ; *Motion Perception ; Neurons/physiology ; *Synaptic Transmission ; Visual Cortex/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 8
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    Cracking the neuronal code (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-11-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ferster, D -- Spruston, N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Nov 3;270(5237):756-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurobiology and Physiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7481761" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Auditory Cortex/cytology/physiology ; Brain/cytology/*physiology ; Electric Conductivity ; Hippocampus/cytology/physiology ; Kinetics ; *Models, Neurological ; Nerve Net/*physiology ; Neurons/*physiology ; Neurons, Afferent/physiology ; *Synaptic Transmission ; Visual Cortex/cytology/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 9
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    Is neural noise just a nuisance? (1996)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1996-09-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ferster, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1996 Sep 27;273(5283):1812.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurobiology and Physiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA. ferster@nwu.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8815544" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; *Evoked Potentials, Visual ; Neurons/*physiology ; Photic Stimulation ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Visual Cortex/*physiology ; Visual Pathways
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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