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  • 1
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    A clonogenic bone marrow progenitor specific for macrophages and dendritic cells (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-12-03
    Beschreibung: Macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) are crucial for immune and inflammatory responses and belong to a network of cells that has been termed the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS). However, the origin and lineage of these cells remain poorly understood. Here, we describe the isolation and clonal analysis of a mouse bone marrow progenitor that is specific for monocytes, several macrophage subsets, and resident spleen DCs in vivo. It was also possible to recapitulate this differentiation in vitro by using treatment with the cytokines macrophage colony-stimulating factor and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Thus, macrophages and DCs appear to renew from a common progenitor, providing a cellular and molecular basis for the concept of the MPS.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fogg, Darin K -- Sibon, Claire -- Miled, Chaouki -- Jung, Steffen -- Aucouturier, Pierre -- Littman, Dan R -- Cumano, Ana -- Geissmann, Frederic -- A133856/PHS HHS/ -- G0900867/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Jan 6;311(5757):83-7. Epub 2005 Dec 1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉INSERM, Laboratory of Mononuclear Phagocyte Biology, Avenir Team, Necker Enfants Malades Institute, 75015 Paris, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16322423" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Lineage ; Cell Separation ; Clone Cells ; Colony-Stimulating Factors/pharmacology ; Dendritic Cells/*cytology ; Flow Cytometry ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor/pharmacology ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor/pharmacology ; Macrophages/*cytology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Myeloid Progenitor Cells/*cytology/immunology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit/analysis ; Receptors, Cytokine/analysis ; Receptors, HIV/analysis ; Recombinant Proteins ; Spleen/cytology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Representation of action-specific reward values in the striatum (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-29
    Beschreibung: The estimation of the reward an action will yield is critical in decision-making. To elucidate the role of the basal ganglia in this process, we recorded striatal neurons of monkeys who chose between left and right handle turns, based on the estimated reward probabilities of the actions. During a delay period before the choices, the activity of more than one-third of striatal projection neurons was selective to the values of one of the two actions. Fewer neurons were tuned to relative values or action choice. These results suggest representation of action values in the striatum, which can guide action selection in the basal ganglia circuit.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Samejima, Kazuyuki -- Ueda, Yasumasa -- Doya, Kenji -- Kimura, Minoru -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Nov 25;310(5752):1337-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Computational Neurobiology, ATR Computational Neuroscience Laboratories, 619-0288 Kyoto, Japan. samejima@lab.tamagawa.ac.jp〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16311337" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Action Potentials ; Animals ; Brain Mapping ; Caudate Nucleus/*physiology ; *Choice Behavior ; Corpus Striatum/*physiology ; Female ; Macaca ; Male ; Neurons/*physiology ; Probability ; Putamen/*physiology ; Regression Analysis ; Reinforcement (Psychology) ; *Reward
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Inferences of competence from faces predict election outcomes (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-06-11
    Beschreibung: We show that inferences of competence based solely on facial appearance predicted the outcomes of U.S. congressional elections better than chance (e.g., 68.8% of the Senate races in 2004) and also were linearly related to the margin of victory. These inferences were specific to competence and occurred within a 1-second exposure to the faces of the candidates. The findings suggest that rapid, unreflective trait inferences can contribute to voting choices, which are widely assumed to be based primarily on rational and deliberative considerations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Todorov, Alexander -- Mandisodza, Anesu N -- Goren, Amir -- Hall, Crystal C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jun 10;308(5728):1623-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. atodorov@princeton.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15947187" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Aging ; Character ; Decision Making ; *Face/anatomy & histology ; Federal Government ; Female ; Forecasting ; Humans ; Intelligence ; Judgment ; Leadership ; Male ; *Mental Competency ; *Politics ; *Social Perception ; Stereotyping ; Trust ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Neurodegeneration. Huntington's research points to possible new therapies (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-10-08
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, Jean -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Oct 7;310(5745):43-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16210515" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Autophagy ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Corpus Striatum/pathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Huntington Disease/*drug therapy/genetics/pathology/*physiopathology ; Mice ; Mitochondria/metabolism ; Mutation ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/chemistry/*genetics/metabolism/*physiology ; Neurons/*physiology ; Nuclear Proteins/chemistry/*genetics/metabolism/*physiology ; Peptides ; Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Micropylar pollen tube guidance by egg apparatus 1 of maize (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-02-01
    Beschreibung: Pollen tube guidance precedes the double fertilization of flowering plants. Here, we report the identification of a small maize protein of 94 amino acids involved in short-range signaling required for pollen tube attraction by the female gametophyte. ZmEA1 is exclusively expressed in the egg apparatus, consisting of the egg cell and two synergids. Chimeric ZmEA1 fused to green fluorescent protein (ZmEA1:GFP) was first visible within the filiform apparatus and later was localized to nucellar cell walls below the micropylar opening of the ovule. Transgenic down-regulation of the ZmEA1 gene led to ovule sterility caused by loss of close-range pollen tube guidance to the micropyle.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marton, Mihaela L -- Cordts, Simone -- Broadhvest, Jean -- Dresselhaus, Thomas -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jan 28;307(5709):573-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Biocenter Klein Flottbek, Developmental Biology and Biotechnology, University of Hamburg, Ohnhorststrasse 18, D-22609 Hamburg, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15681383" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Antisense Elements (Genetics) ; Crosses, Genetic ; DNA, Complementary ; Flowers/growth & development/*physiology ; Genes, Plant ; Green Fluorescent Proteins/metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Plant Proteins/chemistry/*genetics/*physiology ; Plants, Genetically Modified ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; RNA Interference ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; Reproduction ; Seeds/physiology ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Signal Transduction ; Zea mays/*genetics/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    Neuroscience. Preventing Alzheimer's: a lifelong commitment? (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-08-06
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, Jean -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Aug 5;309(5736):864-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16081709" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Aging/physiology ; Alzheimer Disease/epidemiology/*prevention & control ; Animals ; Brain/physiology ; Education ; *Exercise ; Female ; Humans ; Life Style ; Male ; *Mental Processes
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    Recurrent fusion of TMPRSS2 and ETS transcription factor genes in prostate cancer (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-10-29
    Beschreibung: Recurrent chromosomal rearrangements have not been well characterized in common carcinomas. We used a bioinformatics approach to discover candidate oncogenic chromosomal aberrations on the basis of outlier gene expression. Two ETS transcription factors, ERG and ETV1, were identified as outliers in prostate cancer. We identified recurrent gene fusions of the 5' untranslated region of TMPRSS2 to ERG or ETV1 in prostate cancer tissues with outlier expression. By using fluorescence in situ hybridization, we demonstrated that 23 of 29 prostate cancer samples harbor rearrangements in ERG or ETV1. Cell line experiments suggest that the androgen-responsive promoter elements of TMPRSS2 mediate the overexpression of ETS family members in prostate cancer. These results have implications in the development of carcinomas and the molecular diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tomlins, Scott A -- Rhodes, Daniel R -- Perner, Sven -- Dhanasekaran, Saravana M -- Mehra, Rohit -- Sun, Xiao-Wei -- Varambally, Sooryanarayana -- Cao, Xuhong -- Tchinda, Joelle -- Kuefer, Rainer -- Lee, Charles -- Montie, James E -- Shah, Rajal B -- Pienta, Kenneth J -- Rubin, Mark A -- Chinnaiyan, Arul M -- 5P30 CA46592/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P50CA69568/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA97063/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01AG21404/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- UO1 CA111275-01/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Oct 28;310(5748):644-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0602, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16254181" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Androgens/metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Gene Rearrangement ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Male ; Membrane Proteins/*genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Neoplasm Proteins/*genetics ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/*genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prostatic Neoplasms/*genetics ; Serine Endopeptidases/*genetics ; Trans-Activators/*genetics ; Transcription Factors/*genetics ; Translocation, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 8
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    The functional genomics of noncoding RNA (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-09-06
    Beschreibung: Large numbers of noncoding RNA transcripts (ncRNAs) are being revealed by complementary DNA cloning and genome tiling array studies in animals. The big and as yet largely unanswered question is whether these transcripts are relevant. A paper by Willingham et al. shows the way forward by developing a strategy for large-scale functional screening of ncRNAs, involving small interfering RNA knockdowns in cell-based screens, which identified a previously unidentified ncRNA repressor of the transcription factor NFAT. It appears likely that ncRNAs constitute a critical hidden layer of gene regulation in complex organisms, the understanding of which requires new approaches in functional genomics.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mattick, John S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Sep 2;309(5740):1527-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Australian Research Council Special Research Centre for Functional and Applied Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia. j.mattick@imb.uq.edu.au〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16141063" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Base Sequence ; Conserved Sequence ; DNA-Binding Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors ; *Genomics ; Humans ; Mice ; NFATC Transcription Factors ; Nuclear Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors ; *RNA Interference ; RNA, Untranslated/antagonists & inhibitors/genetics/*physiology ; Transcription Factors/antagonists & inhibitors ; beta Karyopherins/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 9
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    Ecological change, group territoriality, and population dynamics in Serengeti lions (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-01-22
    Beschreibung: Territorial behavior is expected to buffer populations against short-term environmental perturbations, but we have found that group living in African lions causes a complex response to long-term ecological change. Despite numerous gradual changes in prey availability and vegetative cover, regional populations of Serengeti lions remained stable for 10- to 20-year periods and only shifted to new equilibria in sudden leaps. Although gradually improving environmental conditions provided sufficient resources to permit the subdivision of preexisting territories, regional lion populations did not expand until short-term conditions supplied enough prey to generate large cohorts of surviving young. The results of a simulation model show that the observed pattern of "saltatory equilibria" results from the lions' grouping behavior.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Packer, Craig -- Hilborn, Ray -- Mosser, Anna -- Kissui, Bernard -- Borner, Markus -- Hopcraft, Grant -- Wilmshurst, John -- Mduma, Simon -- Sinclair, Anthony R E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jan 21;307(5708):390-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, 1987 Upper Buford Circle, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA. packer@cbs.umn.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15662005" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Algorithms ; Animals ; Antelopes ; *Behavior, Animal ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; Female ; *Lions/physiology ; Male ; Models, Biological ; Plants ; Population Density ; Population Dynamics ; Predatory Behavior ; Reproduction ; Seasons ; Social Behavior ; Stochastic Processes ; Tanzania ; *Territoriality
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 10
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    Ant nestmate and non-nestmate discrimination by a chemosensory sensillum (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-06-11
    Beschreibung: In animal societies, chemical communication plays an important role in conflict and cooperation. For ants, cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) blends produced by non-nestmates elicit overt aggression. We describe a sensory sensillum on the antennae of the carpenter ant Camponotus japonicus that functions in nestmate discrimination. This sensillum is multiporous and responds only to non-nestmate CHC blends. This suggests a role for a peripheral recognition mechanism in detecting colony-specific chemical signals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ozaki, Mamiko -- Wada-Katsumata, Ayako -- Fujikawa, Kazuyo -- Iwasaki, Masayuki -- Yokohari, Fumio -- Satoji, Yuji -- Nisimura, Tomoyosi -- Yamaoka, Ryohei -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jul 8;309(5732):311-4. Epub 2005 Jun 9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Applied Biology, Faculty of Textile Science, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan. mamiko@kit.ac.jp〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15947139" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Aggression ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Ants/*physiology ; Base Sequence ; *Behavior, Animal ; Carrier Proteins/chemistry/isolation & purification/metabolism ; Chemoreceptor Cells/*physiology ; Cues ; Electrophysiology ; *Hydrocarbons ; Insect Proteins/chemistry/isolation & purification/metabolism ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Neurons, Afferent/*physiology ; Sense Organs/physiology ; Social Behavior
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 11
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    Ubiquitin-binding domains in Y-family polymerases regulate translesion synthesis (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-12-17
    Beschreibung: Translesion synthesis (TLS) is the major pathway by which mammalian cells replicate across DNA lesions. Upon DNA damage, ubiquitination of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) induces bypass of the lesion by directing the replication machinery into the TLS pathway. Yet, how this modification is recognized and interpreted in the cell remains unclear. Here we describe the identification of two ubiquitin (Ub)-binding domains (UBM and UBZ), which are evolutionarily conserved in all Y-family TLS polymerases (pols). These domains are required for binding of poleta and poliota to ubiquitin, their accumulation in replication factories, and their interaction with monoubiquitinated PCNA. Moreover, the UBZ domain of poleta is essential to efficiently restore a normal response to ultraviolet irradiation in xeroderma pigmentosum variant (XP-V) fibroblasts. Our results indicate that Ub-binding domains of Y-family polymerases play crucial regulatory roles in TLS.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bienko, Marzena -- Green, Catherine M -- Crosetto, Nicola -- Rudolf, Fabian -- Zapart, Grzegorz -- Coull, Barry -- Kannouche, Patricia -- Wider, Gerhard -- Peter, Matthias -- Lehmann, Alan R -- Hofmann, Kay -- Dikic, Ivan -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Dec 16;310(5755):1821-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute for Biochemistry II, Goethe University Medical School, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16357261" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Motifs ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Cell Line ; Computational Biology ; DNA/*biosynthesis ; *DNA Damage ; DNA Repair ; DNA Replication ; DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/*chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Humans ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular ; Point Mutation ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen/metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Interaction Mapping ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; Transfection ; Ubiquitin/*metabolism ; Xeroderma Pigmentosum/genetics ; Zinc Fingers
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 12
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    Obesity and metabolic syndrome in circadian Clock mutant mice (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-04-23
    Beschreibung: The CLOCK transcription factor is a key component of the molecular circadian clock within pacemaker neurons of the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus. We found that homozygous Clock mutant mice have a greatly attenuated diurnal feeding rhythm, are hyperphagic and obese, and develop a metabolic syndrome of hyperleptinemia, hyperlipidemia, hepatic steatosis, hyperglycemia, and hypoinsulinemia. Expression of transcripts encoding selected hypothalamic peptides associated with energy balance was attenuated in the Clock mutant mice. These results suggest that the circadian clock gene network plays an important role in mammalian energy balance.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3764501/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3764501/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Turek, Fred W -- Joshu, Corinne -- Kohsaka, Akira -- Lin, Emily -- Ivanova, Ganka -- McDearmon, Erin -- Laposky, Aaron -- Losee-Olson, Sue -- Easton, Amy -- Jensen, Dalan R -- Eckel, Robert H -- Takahashi, Joseph S -- Bass, Joseph -- AG11412/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- AG18200/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- DK02675/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK26356/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- HL59598/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL75029/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- K08 DK002675/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P01 AG011412/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG018200/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK026356/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL059598/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL075029/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 May 13;308(5724):1043-5. Epub 2005 Apr 21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15845877" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adipocytes/pathology ; Animals ; Body Weight ; Brain/metabolism ; CLOCK Proteins ; *Circadian Rhythm ; Dietary Fats/administration & dosage ; Energy Intake ; *Energy Metabolism ; *Feeding Behavior ; Hepatocytes/pathology ; Hyperglycemia ; Hyperlipidemias ; Insulin/blood ; Leptin/blood ; Metabolic Syndrome X/genetics/*physiopathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Motor Activity ; Mutation ; Neuropeptides/genetics/metabolism ; Obesity/genetics/*physiopathology ; Trans-Activators/*genetics/*physiology ; Weight Gain
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 13
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    Experience-driven plasticity of visual cortex limited by myelin and Nogo receptor (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-10-01
    Beschreibung: Monocular deprivation normally alters ocular dominance in the visual cortex only during a postnatal critical period (20 to 32 days postnatal in mice). We find that mutations in the Nogo-66 receptor (NgR) affect cessation of ocular dominance plasticity. In NgR-/- mice, plasticity during the critical period is normal, but it continues abnormally such that ocular dominance at 45 or 120 days postnatal is subject to the same plasticity as at juvenile ages. Thus, physiological NgR signaling from myelin-derived Nogo, MAG, and OMgp consolidates the neural circuitry established during experience-dependent plasticity. After pathological trauma, similar NgR signaling limits functional recovery and axonal regeneration.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2856689/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2856689/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McGee, Aaron W -- Yang, Yupeng -- Fischer, Quentin S -- Daw, Nigel W -- Strittmatter, Stephen M -- R01 NS039962/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS039962-10/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS042304/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS042304-08/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS056485/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS056485-04/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R37 NS033020/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R37 NS033020-15/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Sep 30;309(5744):2222-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16195464" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans/metabolism ; Darkness ; Dominance, Ocular/*physiology ; Electrophysiology ; GPI-Linked Proteins ; Gene Targeting ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mutation ; Myelin Basic Protein/metabolism ; Myelin Proteins/genetics/metabolism/*physiology ; Myelin Sheath/*physiology ; Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein/metabolism ; Neurites/physiology ; Neuronal Plasticity/*physiology ; Neurons/*physiology ; Photic Stimulation ; Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics/*physiology ; Signal Transduction ; Visual Cortex/cytology/growth & development/*physiology ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 14
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    Nod2-dependent regulation of innate and adaptive immunity in the intestinal tract (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-02-05
    Beschreibung: The gene encoding the Nod2 protein is frequently mutated in Crohn's disease (CD) patients, although the physiological function of Nod2 in the intestine remains elusive. Here we show that protective immunity mediated by Nod2 recognition of bacterial muramyl dipeptide is abolished in Nod2-deficient mice. These animals are susceptible to bacterial infection via the oral route but not through intravenous or peritoneal delivery. Nod2 is required for the expression of a subgroup of intestinal anti-microbial peptides, known as cryptdins. The Nod2 protein is thus a critical regulator of bacterial immunity within the intestine, providing a possible mechanism for Nod2 mutations in CD.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kobayashi, Koichi S -- Chamaillard, Mathias -- Ogura, Yasunori -- Henegariu, Octavian -- Inohara, Naohiro -- Nunez, Gabriel -- Flavell, Richard A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Feb 4;307(5710):731-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Section of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15692051" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine/*immunology ; Animals ; *Antibody Formation ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Gene Targeting ; Ileum/*immunology/microbiology ; *Immunity, Innate ; Immunity, Mucosal ; Immunoglobulins/biosynthesis ; Interleukins/biosynthesis ; Intestinal Diseases/immunology/microbiology ; Intestinal Mucosa/immunology/microbiology ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/*physiology ; Ligands ; Lipopolysaccharides/toxicity ; Listeria monocytogenes/growth & development/immunology/isolation & purification ; Listeriosis/*immunology/microbiology ; Liver/microbiology ; Macrophages/immunology ; Male ; Membrane Glycoproteins/physiology ; Mice ; Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Protein Precursors/biosynthesis/genetics ; Receptors, Cell Surface/physiology ; Serum Albumin/immunology ; Signal Transduction ; Spleen/microbiology ; Toll-Like Receptors ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/biosynthesis ; alpha-Defensins/*biosynthesis/genetics
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 15
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    An entomopathogenic fungus for control of adult African malaria mosquitoes (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-06-11
    Beschreibung: Biological control of malaria mosquitoes in Africa has rarely been used in vector control programs. Recent developments in this field show that certain fungi are virulent to adult Anopheles mosquitoes. Practical delivery of an entomopathogenic fungus that infected and killed adult Anopheles gambiae, Africa's main malaria vector, was achieved in rural African village houses. An entomological inoculation rate model suggests that implementation of this vector control method, even at the observed moderate coverage during a field study in Tanzania, would significantly reduce malaria transmission intensity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Scholte, Ernst-Jan -- Ng'habi, Kija -- Kihonda, Japheth -- Takken, Willem -- Paaijmans, Krijn -- Abdulla, Salim -- Killeen, Gerry F -- Knols, Bart G J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jun 10;308(5728):1641-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Post Office Box 8031, 6700 EH Wageningen, Netherlands.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15947190" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Anopheles/*microbiology/parasitology/physiology ; Culex/microbiology/physiology ; Female ; Housing ; *Hypocreales/pathogenicity/physiology ; Insect Vectors/*microbiology/parasitology/physiology ; Longevity ; Malaria/prevention & control/transmission ; Male ; *Mitosporic Fungi/pathogenicity/physiology ; Models, Biological ; *Pest Control, Biological ; Plasmodium ; Spores, Fungal ; Tanzania
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 16
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    Physiology. Boosting gene extends mouse life span (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-08-27
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Couzin, Jennifer -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Aug 26;309(5739):1310-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16123271" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Aging/*genetics ; Animals ; Blood Glucose/analysis ; Female ; Glucuronidase ; Insulin/blood/metabolism ; Insulin Resistance ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/metabolism ; Longevity/*genetics ; Male ; Membrane Proteins/blood/*genetics/*physiology ; Mice ; Mutation ; Signal Transduction
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 17
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    Gender-specific reproductive tissue in ratites and Tyrannosaurus rex (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-06-04
    Beschreibung: Unambiguous indicators of gender in dinosaurs are usually lost during fossilization, along with other aspects of soft tissue anatomy. We report the presence of endosteally derived bone tissues lining the interior marrow cavities of portions of Tyrannosaurus rex (Museum of the Rockies specimen number 1125) hindlimb elements, and we hypothesize that these tissues are homologous to specialized avian tissues known as medullary bone. Because medullary bone is unique to female birds, its discovery in extinct dinosaurs solidifies the link between dinosaurs and birds, suggests similar reproductive strategies, and provides an objective means of gender differentiation in dinosaurs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schweitzer, Mary H -- Wittmeyer, Jennifer L -- Horner, John R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jun 3;308(5727):1456-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Marine, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA. schweitzer@ncsu.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15933198" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Bone and Bones/*anatomy & histology/ultrastructure ; Chickens/anatomy & histology ; Dinosaurs/*anatomy & histology ; Dromaiidae/anatomy & histology ; Female ; Femur/anatomy & histology ; Male ; Palaeognathae/*anatomy & histology ; Reproduction ; *Sex Characteristics ; Sex Determination Analysis ; Struthioniformes/anatomy & histology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 18
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    High-risk research. Six women among 13 NIH 'Pioneers' (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-10-01
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mervis, Jeffrey -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Sep 30;309(5744):2149.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16195437" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Awards and Prizes ; *Biomedical Research ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Research Personnel ; United States ; *Women
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 19
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    Achieving stability of lipopolysaccharide-induced NF-kappaB activation (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-09-17
    Beschreibung: The activation dynamics of the transcription factor NF-kappaB exhibit damped oscillatory behavior when cells are stimulated by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) but stable behavior when stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). LPS binding to Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) causes activation of NF-kappaB that requires two downstream pathways, each of which when isolated exhibits damped oscillatory behavior. Computational modeling of the two TLR4-dependent signaling pathways suggests that one pathway requires a time delay to establish early anti-phase activation of NF-kappaB by the two pathways. The MyD88-independent pathway required Inferon regulatory factor 3-dependent expression of TNFalpha to activate NF-kappaB, and the time required for TNFalpha synthesis established the delay.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Covert, Markus W -- Leung, Thomas H -- Gaston, Jahlionais E -- Baltimore, David -- GM039458-21/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Sep 16;309(5742):1854-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16166516" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport/deficiency/physiology ; Animals ; Antigens, Differentiation/physiology ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Computer Simulation ; Cycloheximide/pharmacology ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/physiology ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation ; I-kappa B Kinase ; I-kappa B Proteins/biosynthesis/genetics/metabolism ; Interferon Regulatory Factor-3 ; Kinetics ; Lipopolysaccharides/*immunology/metabolism ; Mice ; Models, Biological ; Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88 ; NF-kappa B/*metabolism ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Protein Synthesis Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism ; Receptors, Immunologic/deficiency/metabolism/physiology ; Signal Transduction ; Time Factors ; Toll-Like Receptor 4 ; Transcription Factors/genetics/physiology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/biosynthesis/metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 20
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    Mitochondrial DNA mutations, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in mammalian aging (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-07-16
    Beschreibung: Mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) accumulate in tissues of mammalian species and have been hypothesized to contribute to aging. We show that mice expressing a proofreading-deficient version of the mitochondrial DNA polymerase g (POLG) accumulate mtDNA mutations and display features of accelerated aging. Accumulation of mtDNA mutations was not associated with increased markers of oxidative stress or a defect in cellular proliferation, but was correlated with the induction of apoptotic markers, particularly in tissues characterized by rapid cellular turnover. The levels of apoptotic markers were also found to increase during aging in normal mice. Thus, accumulation of mtDNA mutations that promote apoptosis may be a central mechanism driving mammalian aging.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kujoth, G C -- Hiona, A -- Pugh, T D -- Someya, S -- Panzer, K -- Wohlgemuth, S E -- Hofer, T -- Seo, A Y -- Sullivan, R -- Jobling, W A -- Morrow, J D -- Van Remmen, H -- Sedivy, J M -- Yamasoba, T -- Tanokura, M -- Weindruch, R -- Leeuwenburgh, C -- Prolla, T A -- AG021905/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- AG16694/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- AG17994/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- AG18922/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- AG21042/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- DK48831/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- RR00095/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- T32 AG00213/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM07601/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jul 15;309(5733):481-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Departments of Genetics and Medical Genetics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16020738" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Aging/*physiology ; Amino Acid Substitution ; Animals ; *Apoptosis ; Caspase 3 ; Caspases/metabolism ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA Damage ; DNA Fragmentation ; DNA, Mitochondrial/*genetics ; DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/genetics ; Gene Targeting ; Humans ; Hydrogen Peroxide/metabolism ; Lipid Peroxidation ; Liver/metabolism ; Mice ; Mitochondria, Heart/metabolism ; Mitochondria, Liver/metabolism ; Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism ; *Mutation ; Myocardium/metabolism ; *Oxidative Stress ; Phenotype ; Presbycusis/etiology ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 21
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    The last great apes? (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-09-06
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jolly, Alison -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Sep 2;309(5740):1457.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16141032" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Behavior, Animal ; *Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Hominidae/psychology ; Male
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 22
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    Animal behavior. Strong personalities can pose problems in the mating game (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-07-30
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pennisi, Elizabeth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jul 29;309(5735):694-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16051767" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Aggression ; Animals ; *Arthropods/physiology ; *Behavior, Animal ; *Birds/physiology ; Female ; Heteroptera/physiology ; Male ; Paternal Behavior ; Predatory Behavior ; Reproduction ; *Sexual Behavior, Animal ; *Smegmamorpha/physiology ; Spiders/physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 23
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    Transoceanic migration, spatial dynamics, and population linkages of white sharks (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-10-08
    Beschreibung: The large-scale spatial dynamics and population structure of marine top predators are poorly known. We present electronic tag and photographic identification data showing a complex suite of behavioral patterns in white sharks. These include coastal return migrations and the fastest known transoceanic return migration among swimming fauna, which provide direct evidence of a link between widely separated populations in South Africa and Australia. Transoceanic return migration involved a return to the original capture location, dives to depths of 980 meters, and the tolerance of water temperatures as low as 3.4 degrees C. These findings contradict previous ideas that female white sharks do not make transoceanic migrations, and they suggest natal homing behavior.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bonfil, Ramon -- Meyer, Michael -- Scholl, Michael C -- Johnson, Ryan -- O'Brien, Shannon -- Oosthuizen, Herman -- Swanson, Stephan -- Kotze, Deon -- Paterson, Michael -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Oct 7;310(5745):100-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Wildlife Conservation Society, 2300 Southern Boulevard, Bronx, NY 10460, USA. rbonfil@wcs.org〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16210537" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animal Identification Systems ; *Animal Migration ; Animals ; Australia ; Behavior, Animal ; Cues ; Female ; Homing Behavior ; Indian Ocean ; Male ; Population Dynamics ; Satellite Communications ; Sex Characteristics ; Sharks/*physiology ; South Africa ; Swimming ; Temperature
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 24
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    Global circumnavigations: tracking year-round ranges of nonbreeding albatrosses (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-01-18
    Beschreibung: Although albatrosses are paradigms of oceanic specialization, their foraging areas and migration routes when not breeding remain essentially unknown. Our continuous remote tracking of 22 adult gray-headed albatrosses for over 30 bird-years reveals three distinct strategies: (i) Stay in breeding home range; (ii) make return migrations to a specific area of the southwest Indian Ocean; and (iii) make one or more global circumnavigations (the fastest in just 46 days). The consistencies in patterns, routes, and timings offer the first hope of identifying areas of critical habitat for nonbreeding albatrosses, wherein appropriate management of longline fisheries might alleviate the plight of the world's most threatened family of birds.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Croxall, John P -- Silk, Janet R D -- Phillips, Richard A -- Afanasyev, Vsevolod -- Briggs, Dirk R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jan 14;307(5707):249-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ET, UK. jpcr@bas.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15653503" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Animal Migration ; Animals ; Birds/*physiology ; Breeding ; Environment ; Female ; *Homing Behavior ; Male ; Reproduction ; Seasons ; Sex Characteristics
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    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Ecology. North Atlantic right whales in crisis (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-07-26
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kraus, Scott D -- Brown, Moira W -- Caswell, Hal -- Clark, Christopher W -- Fujiwara, Masami -- Hamilton, Philip K -- Kenney, Robert D -- Knowlton, Amy R -- Landry, Scott -- Mayo, Charles A -- McLellan, William A -- Moore, Michael J -- Nowacek, Douglas P -- Pabst, D Ann -- Read, Andrew J -- Rolland, Rosalind M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jul 22;309(5734):561-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Edgerton Research Laboratory, New England Aquarium, Boston, MA 02110-3399, USA. skraus@neaq.org〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16040692" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Atlantic Ocean ; Ecology ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; Female ; Fisheries ; Male ; Mortality ; Population Dynamics ; Population Growth ; Public Policy ; Reproduction ; Ships ; *Whales/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 26
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    Toll-like receptor 8-mediated reversal of CD4+ regulatory T cell function (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-08-27
    Beschreibung: CD4+ regulatory T (Treg) cells have a profound ability to suppress host immune responses, yet little is understood about how these cells are regulated. We describe a mechanism linking Toll-like receptor (TLR) 8 signaling to the control of Treg cell function, in which synthetic and natural ligands for human TLR8 can reverse Treg cell function. This effect was independent of dendritic cells but required functional TLR8-MyD88-IRAK4 signaling in Treg cells. Adoptive transfer of TLR8 ligand-stimulated Treg cells into tumor-bearing mice enhanced anti-tumor immunity. These results suggest that TLR8 signaling could play a critical role in controlling immune responses to cancer and other diseases.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Peng, Guangyong -- Guo, Zhong -- Kiniwa, Yukiko -- Voo, Kui Shin -- Peng, Weiyi -- Fu, Tihui -- Wang, Daniel Y -- Li, Yanchun -- Wang, Helen Y -- Wang, Rong-Fu -- P01CA94237/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P50 CA093459/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P50CA58204/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01CA101795/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01CA90327/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Aug 26;309(5739):1380-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Cell and Gene Therapy and Department of Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16123302" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; Adoptive Transfer ; Animals ; Antigens, Differentiation/genetics/physiology ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Cell Line ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Humans ; Immune Tolerance ; Interleukin-1 Receptor-Associated Kinases ; Killer Cells, Natural/immunology ; Ligands ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics/*physiology ; Mice ; Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88 ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Neoplasms, Experimental/immunology/pathology ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides/immunology ; Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor)/genetics/physiology ; Poly G/immunology ; RNA Interference ; Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics/*physiology ; Receptors, Immunologic/genetics/physiology ; *Signal Transduction ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets/*immunology ; Toll-Like Receptor 8 ; Toll-Like Receptors
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 27
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    Reproductive biology. A powerful first KiSS-1 (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-07-26
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vogel, Gretchen -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jul 22;309(5734):551-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16040685" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Brain/cytology/physiology ; Circadian Rhythm ; Female ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/physiology/secretion ; Humans ; Hypogonadism/genetics ; Kisspeptins ; Leptin/genetics/physiology ; Male ; Mutation ; Neurons/physiology ; Proteins/genetics/*physiology ; Puberty/*physiology ; Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics/metabolism ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled ; Receptors, Leptin ; Receptors, Neuropeptide/genetics/*physiology ; Reproduction ; Signal Transduction ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 28
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    A selective inhibitor of eIF2alpha dephosphorylation protects cells from ER stress (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-02-12
    Beschreibung: Most protein phosphatases have little intrinsic substrate specificity, making selective pharmacological inhibition of specific dephosphorylation reactions a challenging problem. In a screen for small molecules that protect cells from endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, we identified salubrinal, a selective inhibitor of cellular complexes that dephosphorylate eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha (eIF2alpha). Salubrinal also blocks eIF2alpha dephosphorylation mediated by a herpes simplex virus protein and inhibits viral replication. These results suggest that selective chemical inhibitors of eIF2alpha dephosphorylation may be useful in diseases involving ER stress or viral infection. More broadly, salubrinal demonstrates the feasibility of selective pharmacological targeting of cellular dephosphorylation events.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Boyce, Michael -- Bryant, Kevin F -- Jousse, Celine -- Long, Kai -- Harding, Heather P -- Scheuner, Donalyn -- Kaufman, Randal J -- Ma, Dawei -- Coen, Donald M -- Ron, David -- Yuan, Junying -- AI19838/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI26077/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- DDK42394/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK47119/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- ES08681/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- GM64703/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- NS35138/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R37-AG012859/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Feb 11;307(5711):935-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15705855" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Antigens, Differentiation ; Apoptosis/*drug effects ; Cell Cycle Proteins ; Cell Line ; Cinnamates/*pharmacology/toxicity ; *Cytoprotection ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Endoplasmic Reticulum/*metabolism ; Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-2/*metabolism ; Genes, Reporter ; Herpesvirus 1, Human/drug effects/physiology ; Keratitis, Herpetic/drug therapy/virology ; Male ; Mice ; Oxazoles/pharmacology/toxicity ; PC12 Cells ; Phosphoprotein Phosphatases/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Folding ; Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Protein Phosphatase 1 ; Proteins/metabolism ; Rats ; Thiourea/*analogs & derivatives/*pharmacology/toxicity ; Tunicamycin/pharmacology ; Viral Proteins/metabolism ; Virus Replication/drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 29
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    Environmental epigenomics meeting. Supplements restore gene function via methylation (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-12-17
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pennisi, Elizabeth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Dec 16;310(5755):1761.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16357241" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Axin Protein ; Body Patterning/drug effects/genetics ; *DNA Methylation ; DNA Transposable Elements ; *Dietary Supplements ; Embryonic Development/drug effects/*genetics ; *Epigenesis, Genetic ; Female ; Folic Acid/*administration & dosage/pharmacology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental/*drug effects ; Mice ; Pregnancy ; Repressor Proteins/genetics ; Tail/embryology ; Vitamin B Complex/*administration & dosage/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 30
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    Genetics. In voles, a little extra DNA makes for faithful mates (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-06-11
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pennisi, Elizabeth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jun 10;308(5728):1533.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15947148" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Arvicolinae/*genetics/physiology/psychology ; *Behavior, Animal ; Female ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Male ; *Microsatellite Repeats ; Pair Bond ; Paternal Behavior ; Receptors, Vasopressin/*genetics/metabolism ; *Social Behavior
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 31
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    Neuroscience. Does brain cell growth drive weight loss? (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-10-29
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vogel, Gretchen -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Oct 28;310(5748):602.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16254156" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Cell Proliferation/*drug effects ; Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor/*pharmacology ; Humans ; Hypothalamus/cytology/*drug effects ; Mice ; Neurons/cytology/*drug effects ; Weight Loss/*drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 32
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    Clonal dominance of hematopoietic stem cells triggered by retroviral gene marking (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-05-21
    Beschreibung: Gene marking with replication-defective retroviral vectors has been used for more than 20 years to track the in vivo fate of cell clones. We demonstrate that retroviral integrations themselves may trigger nonmalignant clonal expansion in murine long-term hematopoiesis. All 29 insertions recovered from clones dominating in serially transplanted recipients affected loci with an established or potential role in the self-renewal or survival of hematopoietic stem cells. Transcriptional dysregulation occurred in all 12 insertion sites analyzed. These findings have major implications for diagnostic gene marking and the discovery of genes regulating stem cell turnover.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kustikova, Olga -- Fehse, Boris -- Modlich, Ute -- Yang, Min -- Dullmann, Jochen -- Kamino, Kenji -- von Neuhoff, Nils -- Schlegelberger, Brigitte -- Li, Zhixiong -- Baum, Christopher -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 May 20;308(5725):1171-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Bone Marrow Transplantation, University Hospital Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20251 Hamburg, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15905401" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Antigens, CD34/genetics ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics ; Down-Regulation ; *Genetic Vectors ; *Hematopoiesis ; *Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/*physiology ; Humans ; Ligase Chain Reaction ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; *Mutagenesis, Insertional ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Proto-Oncogenes/genetics ; Retroviridae/*genetics ; Transcription Factors/genetics ; Transcription, Genetic ; Transgenes ; Up-Regulation ; *Virus Integration
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 33
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    Stem cells. Deriving 'controversy-free' ES cells is controversial (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-10-22
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vogel, Gretchen -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Oct 21;310(5747):416-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16239442" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Blastocyst/cytology ; *Cell Line ; Embryo Implantation ; Embryo Research/economics/*ethics ; Embryo, Mammalian/*cytology ; Female ; Financing, Government ; Humans ; Mice ; Nuclear Transfer Techniques ; *Pluripotent Stem Cells ; Research Support as Topic ; *Stem Cells ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 34
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    Neandertals revisited meeting. The question of sex (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-02-12
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Culotta, Elizabeth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Feb 11;307(5711):841.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15705826" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; DNA, Mitochondrial/analysis ; Female ; Fossils ; Hominidae/classification/*genetics ; Humans ; *Hybridization, Genetic ; Male ; *Sexual Behavior
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    DISC1 and PDE4B are interacting genetic factors in schizophrenia that regulate cAMP signaling (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-19
    Beschreibung: The disrupted in schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) gene is a candidate susceptibility factor for schizophrenia, but its mechanistic role in the disorder is unknown. Here we report that the gene encoding phosphodiesterase 4B (PDE4B) is disrupted by a balanced translocation in a subject diagnosed with schizophrenia and a relative with chronic psychiatric illness. The PDEs inactivate adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP), a second messenger implicated in learning, memory, and mood. We show that DISC1 interacts with the UCR2 domain of PDE4B and that elevation of cellular cAMP leads to dissociation of PDE4B from DISC1 and an increase in PDE4B activity. We propose a mechanistic model whereby DISC1 sequesters PDE4B in resting cells and releases it in an activated state in response to elevated cAMP.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Millar, J Kirsty -- Pickard, Benjamin S -- Mackie, Shaun -- James, Rachel -- Christie, Sheila -- Buchanan, Sebastienne R -- Malloy, M Pat -- Chubb, Jennifer E -- Huston, Elaine -- Baillie, George S -- Thomson, Pippa A -- Hill, Elaine V -- Brandon, Nicholas J -- Rain, Jean-Christophe -- Camargo, L Miguel -- Whiting, Paul J -- Houslay, Miles D -- Blackwood, Douglas H R -- Muir, Walter J -- Porteous, David J -- G8604010/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Nov 18;310(5751):1187-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Medical Genetics Section, Molecular Medicine Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK. Kirsty.Millar@ed.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16293762" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): 3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases/*genetics/metabolism ; Adult ; Affective Disorders, Psychotic/genetics/metabolism ; Animals ; Cadherins/genetics ; Cell Line ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1 ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16 ; Cyclic AMP/*metabolism ; Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 4 ; Enzyme Activation ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Male ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/*genetics/metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Rats ; Schizophrenia/enzymology/*genetics/metabolism ; *Signal Transduction ; Translocation, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 36
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    SLC24A5, a putative cation exchanger, affects pigmentation in zebrafish and humans (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-12-17
    Beschreibung: Lighter variations of pigmentation in humans are associated with diminished number, size, and density of melanosomes, the pigmented organelles of melanocytes. Here we show that zebrafish golden mutants share these melanosomal changes and that golden encodes a putative cation exchanger slc24a5 (nckx5) that localizes to an intracellular membrane, likely the melanosome or its precursor. The human ortholog is highly similar in sequence and functional in zebrafish. The evolutionarily conserved ancestral allele of a human coding polymorphism predominates in African and East Asian populations. In contrast, the variant allele is nearly fixed in European populations, is associated with a substantial reduction in regional heterozygosity, and correlates with lighter skin pigmentation in admixed populations, suggesting a key role for the SLC24A5 gene in human pigmentation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lamason, Rebecca L -- Mohideen, Manzoor-Ali P K -- Mest, Jason R -- Wong, Andrew C -- Norton, Heather L -- Aros, Michele C -- Jurynec, Michael J -- Mao, Xianyun -- Humphreville, Vanessa R -- Humbert, Jasper E -- Sinha, Soniya -- Moore, Jessica L -- Jagadeeswaran, Pudur -- Zhao, Wei -- Ning, Gang -- Makalowska, Izabela -- McKeigue, Paul M -- O'donnell, David -- Kittles, Rick -- Parra, Esteban J -- Mangini, Nancy J -- Grunwald, David J -- Shriver, Mark D -- Canfield, Victor A -- Cheng, Keith C -- CA73935/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- EY11308/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- HD37572/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HD40179/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HG002154/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- HL077910/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- RR017441/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Dec 16;310(5755):1782-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Jake Gittlen Cancer Research Foundation, Department of Pathology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16357253" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): African Americans/genetics ; African Continental Ancestry Group/genetics ; Alanine/genetics ; Alleles ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antiporters/chemistry/*genetics/physiology ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group/genetics ; Biological Evolution ; Calcium/metabolism ; European Continental Ancestry Group/genetics ; Gene Frequency ; Genes ; Genetic Variation ; Haplotypes ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Ion Transport ; Melanins/analysis ; Melanosomes/chemistry/ultrastructure ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Multifactorial Inheritance ; Mutation ; Pigment Epithelium of Eye/chemistry/ultrastructure ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Selection, Genetic ; Skin Pigmentation/*genetics ; Threonine/genetics ; Zebrafish/embryology/*genetics/metabolism ; Zebrafish Proteins/chemistry/*genetics/physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Virology. Resurrected influenza virus yields secrets of deadly 1918 pandemic (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-10-08
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Oct 7;310(5745):28-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16210501" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Advisory Committees ; Animals ; Bioterrorism ; Chick Embryo/virology ; Containment of Biohazards ; Disease Outbreaks/history ; Editorial Policies ; *Genes, Viral ; Genome, Viral ; Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/chemistry/*metabolism ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Influenza A virus/*genetics/*pathogenicity/physiology ; Influenza, Human/epidemiology/history/*virology ; Mice ; Neuraminidase/genetics/metabolism ; Publishing ; RNA Replicase/genetics/metabolism ; United States ; Virulence ; Virus Replication
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 38
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    Toward high-resolution de novo structure prediction for small proteins (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-09-17
    Beschreibung: The prediction of protein structure from amino acid sequence is a grand challenge of computational molecular biology. By using a combination of improved low- and high-resolution conformational sampling methods, improved atomically detailed potential functions that capture the jigsaw puzzle-like packing of protein cores, and high-performance computing, high-resolution structure prediction (〈1.5 angstroms) can be achieved for small protein domains (〈85 residues). The primary bottleneck to consistent high-resolution prediction appears to be conformational sampling.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bradley, Philip -- Misura, Kira M S -- Baker, David -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Sep 16;309(5742):1868-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉University of Washington, Department of Biochemistry, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Box 357350, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16166519" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Chemistry, Physical ; *Computational Biology ; Computer Simulation ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Models, Molecular ; Monte Carlo Method ; Physicochemical Phenomena ; *Protein Conformation ; Protein Folding ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Proteins/*chemistry ; Sequence Alignment ; Thermodynamics
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 39
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    Developmental biology. Bird wings really are like dinosaurs' hands (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-01-18
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pennisi, Elizabeth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jan 14;307(5707):194.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15653478" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Birds/anatomy & histology/*embryology/metabolism ; Chick Embryo ; Dinosaurs/*anatomy & histology ; Forelimb/*anatomy & histology ; Homeodomain Proteins/metabolism ; Mice ; Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Wings, Animal/anatomy & histology/*embryology/metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 40
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    PERIOD1-associated proteins modulate the negative limb of the mammalian circadian oscillator (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-04-30
    Beschreibung: The clock proteins PERIOD1 (PER1) and PERIOD2 (PER2) play essential roles in a negative transcriptional feedback loop that generates circadian rhythms in mammalian cells. We identified two PER1-associated factors, NONO and WDR5, that modulate PER activity. The reduction of NONO expression by RNA interference (RNAi) attenuated circadian rhythms in mammalian cells, and fruit flies carrying a hypomorphic allele were nearly arrhythmic. WDR5, a subunit of histone methyltransferase complexes, augmented PER-mediated transcriptional repression, and its reduction by RNAi diminished circadian histone methylations at the promoter of a clock gene.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brown, Steven A -- Ripperger, Juergen -- Kadener, Sebastian -- Fleury-Olela, Fabienne -- Vilbois, Francis -- Rosbash, Michael -- Schibler, Ueli -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Apr 29;308(5722):693-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Biology and National Centres of Competence in Research (NCCR) Frontiers in Genetics, Sciences III, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva-4, Switzerland. steven.brown@molbio.unige.ch〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15860628" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): 3T3 Cells ; Animals ; Carrier Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Cell Cycle Proteins ; Cell Line ; *Circadian Rhythm ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Drosophila/genetics/physiology ; Drosophila Proteins/genetics/physiology ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Histones/metabolism ; Immunoprecipitation ; Male ; Methylation ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Nuclear Proteins/genetics/*metabolism/physiology ; Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group D, Member 1 ; Period Circadian Proteins ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; RNA Interference ; Rats ; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/genetics/metabolism ; Transcription Factors ; Transcription, Genetic ; Transfection
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 41
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    Genetics. Spliced gene determines objects of flies' desire (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-06-04
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Miller, Greg -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jun 3;308(5727):1392.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15933167" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Brain ; *Courtship ; Drosophila Proteins/*genetics/physiology ; Drosophila melanogaster ; Female ; Ganglia, Invertebrate ; Male ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/*genetics/physiology ; *RNA Splicing ; Sex Characteristics ; Sexual Behavior, Animal ; Transcription Factors/*genetics/physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 42
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    Developmental biology. Endocrine disrupters trigger fertility problems in multiple generations (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-06-04
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jun 3;308(5727):1391-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15933166" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Androgen Antagonists/*toxicity ; Animals ; Endocrine Glands/*drug effects ; Environmental Pollutants/toxicity ; Epigenesis, Genetic/drug effects ; Female ; Fertility/*drug effects/genetics ; Humans ; Infertility, Male/chemically induced/genetics ; Inheritance Patterns ; Insecticides/*toxicity ; Male ; Methoxychlor/*toxicity ; Oxazoles/*toxicity ; Pregnancy
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 43
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    Aggressive, or just looking for a good mate? (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-09-06
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Aisenberg, Anita D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Sep 2;309(5740):1491.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16141049" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Aggression ; Animals ; Female ; Male ; *Sexual Behavior, Animal ; Spiders/*physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 44
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    Medicine. Treating neurodegenerative diseases with antibiotics (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-01-22
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Miller, Timothy M -- Cleveland, Don W -- R37 NS027036/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jan 21;307(5708):361-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research and the Department of Medicine and Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15661995" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/*drug therapy ; Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology/*therapeutic use ; Brain/metabolism ; Ceftriaxone/pharmacology/*therapeutic use ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2/genetics/metabolism ; Glutamic Acid/metabolism ; Humans ; Mice ; Motor Neurons/physiology ; Neurodegenerative Diseases/*drug therapy ; Spinal Cord/metabolism ; Synapses/physiology ; Synaptic Transmission ; beta-Lactams/pharmacology/*therapeutic use
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 45
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    Dependence of self-tolerance on TRAF6-directed development of thymic stroma (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-02-12
    Beschreibung: The microenvironments of the thymus are generated by thymic epithelial cells (TECs) and are essential for inducing immune self-tolerance or developing T cells. However, the molecular mechanisms that underlie the differentiation of TECs and thymic compartmentalization are not fully understood. Here we show that deficiency in the tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor (TRAF) 6 results in disorganized distribution of medullary TECs (mTECs) and the absence of mature mTECs. Engraftment of thymic stroma of TRAF6(-/-) embryos into athymic nude mice induced autoimmunity. Thus, TRAF6 directs the development of thymic stroma and represents a critical point of regulation for self-tolerance and autoimmunity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Akiyama, Taishin -- Maeda, Shiori -- Yamane, Sayaka -- Ogino, Kaori -- Kasai, Michiyuki -- Kajiura, Fumiko -- Matsumoto, Mitsuru -- Inoue, Jun-ichiro -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Apr 8;308(5719):248-51. Epub 2005 Feb 10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15705807" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Autoimmunity ; Cell Line ; Epithelial Cells/immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Nude ; Organ Culture Techniques ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/physiology ; *Self Tolerance ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 6/immunology/*physiology ; Thymus Gland/cytology/embryology/*immunology ; Transcription Factor RelB ; Transcription Factors/physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 46
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    Chromosome alignment and segregation regulated by ubiquitination of survivin (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-12-03
    Beschreibung: Proper chromosome segregation requires the attachment of sister kinetochores to microtubules from opposite spindle poles to form bi-oriented chromosomes on the metaphase spindle. The chromosome passenger complex containing Survivin and the kinase Aurora B regulates this process from the centromeres. We report that a de-ubiquitinating enzyme, hFAM, regulates chromosome alignment and segregation by controlling both the dynamic association of Survivin with centromeres and the proper targeting of Survivin and Aurora B to centromeres. Survivin is ubiquitinated in mitosis through both Lys(48) and Lys(63) ubiquitin linkages. Lys(63) de-ubiquitination mediated by hFAM is required for the dissociation of Survivin from centromeres, whereas Lys(63) ubiquitination mediated by the ubiquitin binding protein Ufd1 is required for the association of Survivin with centromeres. Thus, ubiquitinaton regulates dynamic protein-protein interactions and chromosome segregation independently of protein degradation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vong, Queenie P -- Cao, Kan -- Li, Hoi Y -- Iglesias, Pablo A -- Zheng, Yixian -- GM56312/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Dec 2;310(5753):1499-504.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Embryology, Carnegie Institution of Washington and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 3520 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16322459" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Aurora Kinase B ; Aurora Kinases ; Centromere/*metabolism ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/metabolism ; Chromosome Segregation/*physiology ; Egg Proteins/metabolism ; Endopeptidases/metabolism ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins ; Lysine/metabolism ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins/metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism ; Ubiquitin/*metabolism ; Ubiquitin Thiolesterase ; Xenopus ; Xenopus Proteins/*metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 47
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    Gene therapy. Panel urges limits on X-SCID trials (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-03-12
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Mar 11;307(5715):1544-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15761128" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Advisory Committees ; Animals ; *Clinical Trials as Topic ; Genetic Diseases, X-Linked/*therapy ; *Genetic Therapy/adverse effects ; Genetic Vectors ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Infant ; Leukemia, T-Cell/etiology ; Mice ; Oncogenes ; Retroviridae/genetics ; Severe Combined Immunodeficiency/*therapy ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 48
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    Bacterial immunity traded for sperm viability in male crickets (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-09-24
    Beschreibung: The notion that a trade-off exists between immunity and reproduction is now a central concept in theories of sexual selection. However, whether such a trade-off exists between immunity and gamete viability has not been established. Here we show that genetic variance for high levels of an immune response required to fight bacterial infections is associated with genetic variance for low sperm viability. These data have implications for our understanding of sexual selection mechanisms and of reproductive costs in male longevity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Simmons, Leigh W -- Roberts, Benjamin -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Sep 23;309(5743):2031.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Evolutionary Biology Research Group, School of Animal Biology (M092), University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. lsimmons@cyllene.uwa.edu.au〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16179472" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Cell Survival ; Female ; Genetic Variation ; Gryllidae/genetics/*immunology/*physiology ; Hemocytes/immunology ; Immunity, Cellular ; Male ; Micrococcus/*immunology ; Muramidase/metabolism ; Phenotype ; Reproduction ; Spermatozoa/*physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 49
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    Ancient DNA from the first European farmers in 7500-year-old Neolithic sites (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-15
    Beschreibung: The ancestry of modern Europeans is a subject of debate among geneticists, archaeologists, and anthropologists. A crucial question is the extent to which Europeans are descended from the first European farmers in the Neolithic Age 7500 years ago or from Paleolithic hunter-gatherers who were present in Europe since 40,000 years ago. Here we present an analysis of ancient DNA from early European farmers. We successfully extracted and sequenced intact stretches of maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from 24 out of 57 Neolithic skeletons from various locations in Germany, Austria, and Hungary. We found that 25% of the Neolithic farmers had one characteristic mtDNA type and that this type formerly was widespread among Neolithic farmers in Central Europe. Europeans today have a 150-times lower frequency (0.2%) of this mtDNA type, revealing that these first Neolithic farmers did not have a strong genetic influence on modern European female lineages. Our finding lends weight to a proposed Paleolithic ancestry for modern Europeans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Haak, Wolfgang -- Forster, Peter -- Bramanti, Barbara -- Matsumura, Shuichi -- Brandt, Guido -- Tanzer, Marc -- Villems, Richard -- Renfrew, Colin -- Gronenborn, Detlef -- Alt, Kurt Werner -- Burger, Joachim -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Nov 11;310(5750):1016-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institut fur Anthropologie, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, Saarstrasse 21, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. haakw@uni-mainz.de〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16284177" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Agriculture/*history ; Austria ; Base Sequence ; Computer Simulation ; Cultural Evolution ; DNA, Mitochondrial/chemistry/classification/*genetics/history ; Emigration and Immigration ; Europe ; European Continental Ancestry Group/*genetics/history ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Drift ; Genetics, Population ; Germany ; Haplotypes ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; Hungary ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Population Dynamics
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 50
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    Crystal structure of the malaria vaccine candidate apical membrane antigen 1 (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-02-26
    Beschreibung: Apical membrane antigen 1 from Plasmodium is a leading malaria vaccine candidate. The protein is essential for host-cell invasion, but its molecular function is unknown. The crystal structure of the three domains comprising the ectoplasmic region of the antigen from P. vivax, solved at 1.8 angstrom resolution, shows that domains I and II belong to the PAN motif, which defines a superfamily of protein folds implicated in receptor binding. We also mapped the epitope of an invasion-inhibitory monoclonal antibody specific for the P. falciparum ortholog and modeled this to the structure. The location of the epitope and current knowledge on structure-function correlations for PAN domains together suggest a receptor-binding role during invasion in which domain II plays a critical part. These results are likely to aid vaccine and drug design.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pizarro, Juan Carlos -- Vulliez-Le Normand, Brigitte -- Chesne-Seck, Marie-Laure -- Collins, Christine R -- Withers-Martinez, Chrislaine -- Hackett, Fiona -- Blackman, Michael J -- Faber, Bart W -- Remarque, Edmond J -- Kocken, Clemens H M -- Thomas, Alan W -- Bentley, Graham A -- MC_U117532063/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Apr 15;308(5720):408-11. Epub 2005 Feb 24.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Unite d'Immunologie Structurale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, URA 2185, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15731407" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Motifs ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology ; Antigens, Protozoan/*chemistry/immunology ; Binding Sites ; Crystallization ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Epitope Mapping ; Epitopes ; Heparin/metabolism ; Malaria Vaccines ; Membrane Proteins/*chemistry/immunology ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Plasmodium falciparum/chemistry/immunology ; Plasmodium vivax/chemistry/*immunology ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Folding ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Protozoan Proteins/*chemistry/immunology ; Recombinant Proteins/chemistry ; Sequence Alignment
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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    Diversity. Summers's comments draw attention to gender, racial gaps (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-02-01
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lawler, Andrew -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jan 28;307(5709):492-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15681345" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Career Choice ; Career Mobility ; *Engineering ; Female ; Genes ; Humans ; Male ; *Prejudice ; *Science ; *Sex Characteristics
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    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Genetics. Harvesting medical information from the human family tree (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-02-19
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Altshuler, David -- Clark, Andrew G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Feb 18;307(5712):1052-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA. altshuler@molbio.mgh.harvard.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15718454" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): African Americans/*genetics ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group/*genetics ; Chromosome Mapping ; Databases, Genetic ; European Continental Ancestry Group/*genetics ; Evolution, Molecular ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Markers ; *Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genetic Variation ; *Genome, Human ; Genotype ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; Male ; *Multifactorial Inheritance ; Mutation ; *Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Recombination, Genetic ; Risk Factors ; Selection, Genetic
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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    Wanted: women in clinical trials (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-06-11
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Simon, Viviana -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jun 10;308(5728):1517.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15947140" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Clinical Trials as Topic ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Research Design ; Research Support as Topic ; *Sex Characteristics ; United States ; *Women ; Women's Health
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 54
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    Nodulation signaling in legumes requires NSP2, a member of the GRAS family of transcriptional regulators (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-06-18
    Beschreibung: Rhizobial bacteria enter a symbiotic interaction with legumes, activating diverse responses in roots through the lipochito oligosaccharide signaling molecule Nod factor. Here, we show that NSP2 from Medicago truncatula encodes a GRAS protein essential for Nod-factor signaling. NSP2 functions downstream of Nod-factor-induced calcium spiking and a calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase. We show that NSP2-GFP expressed from a constitutive promoter is localized to the endoplasmic reticulum/nuclear envelope and relocalizes to the nucleus after Nod-factor elicitation. This work provides evidence that a GRAS protein transduces calcium signals in plants and provides a possible regulator of Nod-factor-inducible gene expression.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kalo, Peter -- Gleason, Cynthia -- Edwards, Anne -- Marsh, John -- Mitra, Raka M -- Hirsch, Sibylle -- Jakab, Julia -- Sims, Sarah -- Long, Sharon R -- Rogers, Jane -- Kiss, Gyorgy B -- Downie, J Allan -- Oldroyd, Giles E D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jun 17;308(5729):1786-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Departments of Disease and Stress Biology and Molecular Microbiology, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15961668" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Motifs ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Calcium/metabolism ; Calcium Signaling ; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases/genetics/metabolism ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Cloning, Molecular ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Genes, Plant ; Lipopolysaccharides/*metabolism ; Medicago/genetics/*metabolism/*microbiology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Peas/genetics/metabolism ; Plant Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; *Signal Transduction ; Sinorhizobium meliloti/*physiology ; Symbiosis ; Transcription Factors/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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    Circadian clock control by SUMOylation of BMAL1 (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-08-20
    Beschreibung: The molecular machinery that governs circadian rhythmicity is based on clock proteins organized in regulatory feedback loops. Although posttranslational modification of clock proteins is likely to finely control their circadian functions, only limited information is available to date. Here, we show that BMAL1, an essential transcription factor component of the clock mechanism, is SUMOylated on a highly conserved lysine residue (Lys259) in vivo. BMAL1 shows a circadian pattern of SUMOylation that parallels its activation in the mouse liver. SUMOylation of BMAL1 requires and is induced by CLOCK, the heterodimerization partner of BMAL1. Ectopic expression of a SUMO-deficient BMAL1 demonstrates that SUMOylation plays an important role in BMAL1 circadian expression and clock rhythmicity. This reveals an additional level of regulation within the core mechanism of the circadian clock.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cardone, Luca -- Hirayama, Jun -- Giordano, Francesca -- Tamaru, Teruya -- Palvimo, Jorma J -- Sassone-Corsi, Paolo -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Aug 26;309(5739):1390-4. Epub 2005 Aug 18.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institut de Genetique et de Biologie Moleculaire et Cellulaire, 1 rue Laurent Fries, 67404 Illkirch, Strasbourg, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16109848" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): ARNTL Transcription Factors ; Animals ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors ; CLOCK Proteins ; COS Cells ; Cell Cycle Proteins ; Cell Line ; *Circadian Rhythm ; Dimerization ; Ethylmaleimide/pharmacology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Liver/metabolism ; Lysine/metabolism ; Mice ; Mutation ; Nuclear Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Period Circadian Proteins ; Phosphorylation ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; SUMO-1 Protein/*metabolism ; Trans-Activators/genetics/metabolism ; Transcription Factors/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 56
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    Regulation of mammalian tooth cusp patterning by ectodin (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-09-24
    Beschreibung: Mammalian tooth crowns have precise functional requirements but cannot be substantially remodeled after eruption. In developing teeth, epithelial signaling centers, the enamel knots, form at future cusp positions and are the first signs of cusp patterns that distinguish species. We report that ectodin, a secreted bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) inhibitor, is expressed as a "negative" image of mouse enamel knots. Furthermore, we show that ectodin-deficient mice have enlarged enamel knots, highly altered cusp patterns, and extra teeth. Unlike in normal teeth, excess BMP accelerates patterning in ectodin-deficient teeth. We propose that ectodin is critical for robust spatial delineation of enamel knots and cusps.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kassai, Yoshiaki -- Munne, Pauliina -- Hotta, Yuhei -- Penttila, Enni -- Kavanagh, Kathryn -- Ohbayashi, Norihiko -- Takada, Shinji -- Thesleff, Irma -- Jernvall, Jukka -- Itoh, Nobuyuki -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Sep 23;309(5743):2067-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Genetic Biochemistry, Kyoto University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16179481" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; *Body Patterning ; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 ; Bone Morphogenetic ; Proteins/biosynthesis/genetics/metabolism/pharmacology/*physiology ; Cell Cycle Proteins/biosynthesis/genetics/physiology ; Chimera ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 ; Dental Enamel/embryology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Hedgehog Proteins ; Heterozygote ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Molar/embryology/metabolism ; Mutation ; *Odontogenesis ; Organ Culture Techniques ; Tooth Crown/*embryology ; Trans-Activators/biosynthesis/genetics
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Tryptophan 7-halogenase (PrnA) structure suggests a mechanism for regioselective chlorination (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-10-01
    Beschreibung: Chlorinated natural products include vancomycin and cryptophycin A. Their biosynthesis involves regioselective chlorination by flavin-dependent halogenases. We report the structural characterization of tryptophan 7-halogenase (PrnA), which regioselectively chlorinates tryptophan. Tryptophan and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) are separated by a 10 angstrom-long tunnel and bound by distinct enzyme modules. The FAD module is conserved in halogenases and is related to flavin-dependent monooxygenases. On the basis of biochemical studies, crystal structures, and by analogy with monooxygenases, we predict that FADH2 reacts with O2 to make peroxyflavin, which is decomposed by Cl-. The resulting HOCl is guided through the tunnel to tryptophan, where it is activated to participate in electrophilic aromatic substitution.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3315827/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3315827/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dong, Changjiang -- Flecks, Silvana -- Unversucht, Susanne -- Haupt, Caroline -- van Pee, Karl-Heinz -- Naismith, James H -- BB/C000080/1/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- BBS/B/14426/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Sep 30;309(5744):2216-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, EaStchem, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews KY16 9ST, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16195462" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Binding Sites ; Chlorides/*metabolism ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Dimerization ; Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide/analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Hypochlorous Acid/metabolism ; Indoles/metabolism ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxidoreductases/*chemistry/isolation & purification/metabolism ; Oxygen/metabolism ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Pseudomonas fluorescens/*enzymology ; Tryptophan/analogs & derivatives/metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Stimulus specificity of gene expression programs determined by temporal control of IKK activity (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-09-17
    Beschreibung: A small number of mammalian signaling pathways mediate a myriad of distinct physiological responses to diverse cellular stimuli. Temporal control of the signaling module that contains IkappaB kinase (IKK), its substrate inhibitor of NF-kappaB (IkappaB), and the key inflammatory transcription factor NF-kappaB can allow for selective gene activation. We have demonstrated that different inflammatory stimuli induce distinct IKK profiles, and we examined the underlying molecular mechanisms. Although tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha)-induced IKK activity was rapidly attenuated by negative feedback, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) signaling and LPS-specific gene expression programs were dependent on a cytokine-mediated positive feedback mechanism. Thus, the distinct biological responses to LPS and TNFalpha depend on signaling pathway-specific mechanisms that regulate the temporal profile of IKK activity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Werner, Shannon L -- Barken, Derren -- Hoffmann, Alexander -- GM071573/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM72024/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Sep 16;309(5742):1857-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Signaling Systems Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mailcode 0375, La Jolla, CA 92093-0375, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16166517" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Algorithms ; Animals ; Autocrine Communication ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Computer Simulation ; Cytokines/genetics ; Feedback, Physiological ; Gene Expression Profiling ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; I-kappa B Kinase ; I-kappa B Proteins/metabolism ; Lipopolysaccharides/immunology/metabolism/pharmacology ; Mice ; Models, Biological ; NF-kappa B/deficiency/metabolism ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/*metabolism ; Receptors, Immunologic/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Toll-Like Receptor 4 ; Transcriptional Activation ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/deficiency/immunology/metabolism/pharmacology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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    Nicotinic acid limitation regulates silencing of Candida adhesins during UTI (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-03-19
    Beschreibung: The adherence of Candida glabrata to host cells is mediated, at least in part, by the EPA genes, a family of adhesins encoded at subtelomeric loci, where they are subject to transcriptional silencing. We show that normally silent EPA genes are expressed during murine urinary tract infection (UTI) and that the inducing signal is the limitation of nicotinic acid (NA), a precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). C. glabrata is an NA auxotroph, and NA-induced EPA expression is likely the result of a reduction in NAD+ availability for the NAD+-dependent histone deacetylase Sir2p. The adaptation of C. glabrata to the host, therefore, involves a loss of metabolic capacity and exploitation of the resulting auxotrophy to signal a particular host environment.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Domergue, Renee -- Castano, Irene -- De Las Penas, Alejandro -- Zupancic, Margaret -- Lockatell, Virginia -- Hebel, J Richard -- Johnson, David -- Cormack, Brendan P -- 2PO1DK49720/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01AI46223/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 May 6;308(5723):866-70. Epub 2005 Mar 17.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15774723" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Candida glabrata/*genetics/growth & development/*pathogenicity/physiology ; Candidiasis/*microbiology ; Cell Adhesion ; Culture Media ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal ; *Gene Silencing ; Genes, Fungal ; Histone Deacetylases/genetics/metabolism ; Lectins/*genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred CBA ; NAD/metabolism ; Niacin/administration & dosage/*metabolism/pharmacology/urine ; Niacinamide/pharmacology/urine ; Sirtuins/genetics/metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic ; Urinary Bladder/microbiology ; Urinary Tract Infections/*microbiology ; Urine/microbiology ; Urothelium/microbiology ; Virulence
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Bacterial injectisomes: needle length does matter (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-02-26
    Beschreibung: Many pathogenic bacteria use a type III secretion nanomachine (an injectisome) to deliver virulence proteins into the cytosol of their eukaryotic host cells. Most injectisomes possess a stiff needlelike structure of a genetically defined length. We found that a minimal needle length was required for efficient functioning of the Yersinia enterocolitica injectisome. This minimal needle length correlated with the length of the major adhesin at the bacterial surface. The needle may be required for triggering type III secretion, and its length may have evolved to match specific structures at the bacterial and host cell surfaces.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mota, Luis Jaime -- Journet, Laure -- Sorg, Isabel -- Agrain, Celine -- Cornelis, Guy R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Feb 25;307(5713):1278.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Biozentrum, Universitat Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15731447" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adhesins, Bacterial/chemistry/*metabolism ; Animals ; Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins/metabolism ; Bacterial Proteins/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Cell Line ; Macrophages/metabolism/microbiology ; Mice ; Plasmids ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism ; Virulence ; Virulence Factors/metabolism ; Yersinia enterocolitica/genetics/*metabolism/*pathogenicity
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    fgf20 is essential for initiating zebrafish fin regeneration (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-12-24
    Beschreibung: Epimorphic regeneration requires the presence or creation of pluripotent cells capable of reproducing lost organs. Zebrafish fin regeneration is mediated by the creation of blastema cells. Here, we characterize the devoid of blastema (dob) mutant that fails fin regeneration during initial steps, forms abnormal regeneration epithelium, and does not form blastema. This mutation has no impact on embryonic survival. Dob results from an fgf20a null mutation, Y148S. Fgf20a is expressed during initiation of fin regeneration at the epithelial-mesenchymal boundary and later overlaps with the blastema marker msxb. Thus, fgf20a has a regeneration-specific requirement, initiating fin regeneration, and controlling blastema formation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Whitehead, Geoffrey G -- Makino, Shinji -- Lien, Ching-Ling -- Keating, Mark T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Dec 23;310(5756):1957-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16373575" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Extremities ; Fibroblast Growth Factors/*physiology ; Homeodomain Proteins/biosynthesis ; Male ; Mesoderm ; Mutation ; Regeneration/genetics/*physiology ; Temperature ; Wound Healing ; Zebrafish ; Zebrafish Proteins/biosynthesis/*physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 62
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    Genetics. Motivating hotspots (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-10-15
    Beschreibung: Only recently have we begun to characterize fine-scale recombination rates in mammals. In her Perspective, Przeworski discusses the work by Myers et al. in which linkage disequilibrium data have been used to produce a high-resolution recombination map for most of the human genome. More than 25,000 putative hotspots have been identified, as well as the first motifs that appear to influence their intensity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Przeworski, Molly -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Oct 14;310(5746):247-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, 920 East 57th Street, 507F CLSC, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. mfp@uchicago.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16224010" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Base Sequence ; Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes, Human, X ; Female ; *Genome, Human ; Humans ; Male ; Recombination, Genetic/*genetics
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Microsatellite instability generates diversity in brain and sociobehavioral traits (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-06-11
    Beschreibung: Repetitive microsatellites mutate at relatively high rates and may contribute to the rapid evolution of species-typical traits. We show that individual alleles of a repetitive polymorphic microsatellite in the 5' region of the prairie vole vasopressin 1a receptor (avpr1a) gene modify gene expression in vitro. In vivo, we observe that this regulatory polymorphism predicts both individual differences in receptor distribution patterns and socio-behavioral traits. These data suggest that individual differences in gene expression patterns may be conferred via polymorphic microsatellites in the cis-regulatory regions of genes and may contribute to normal variation in behavioral traits.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hammock, Elizabeth A D -- Young, Larry J -- MH56897/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH64692/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH67397/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- RR00165/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jun 10;308(5728):1630-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15947188" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Alleles ; Animals ; Anxiety ; Arvicolinae/*genetics/physiology/psychology ; Base Sequence ; *Behavior, Animal ; Brain/metabolism ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes, Reporter ; Genetic Variation ; Genotype ; Grooming ; Male ; *Microsatellite Repeats ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Odors ; Pair Bond ; Paternal Behavior ; Receptors, Vasopressin/*genetics/metabolism ; *Social Behavior
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    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Uncharged tRNA and sensing of amino acid deficiency in mammalian piriform cortex (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-03-19
    Beschreibung: Recognizing a deficiency of indispensable amino acids (IAAs) for protein synthesis is vital for dietary selection in metazoans, including humans. Cells in the brain's anterior piriform cortex (APC) are sensitive to IAA deficiency, signaling diet rejection and foraging for complementary IAA sources, but the mechanism is unknown. Here we report that the mechanism for recognizing IAA-deficient foods follows the conserved general control (GC) system, wherein uncharged transfer RNA induces phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2) via the GC nonderepressing 2 (GCN2) kinase. Thus, a basic mechanism of nutritional stress management functions in mammalian brain to guide food selection for survival.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hao, Shuzhen -- Sharp, James W -- Ross-Inta, Catherine M -- McDaniel, Brent J -- Anthony, Tracy G -- Wek, Ronald C -- Cavener, Douglas R -- McGrath, Barbara C -- Rudell, John B -- Koehnle, Thomas J -- Gietzen, Dorothy W -- GM49164/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- NS043231/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS33347/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Mar 18;307(5716):1776-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15774759" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Acylation ; Amino Acids, Essential/*administration & dosage/analysis/*deficiency ; Animals ; Diet ; Eating ; Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-2/*metabolism ; *Food ; Food Preferences ; Leucine/administration & dosage/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Olfactory Pathways/*metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Kinases/*metabolism ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases ; RNA, Transfer/*metabolism ; Rats ; Stereoisomerism ; Threonine/administration & dosage ; eIF-2 Kinase/metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 65
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    Contact-dependent inhibition of growth in Escherichia coli (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-08-20
    Beschreibung: Bacteria have developed mechanisms to communicate and compete with each other for limited environmental resources. We found that certain Escherichia coli, including uropathogenic strains, contained a bacterial growth-inhibition system that uses direct cell-to-cell contact. Inhibition was conditional, dependent upon the growth state of the inhibitory cell and the pili expression state of the target cell. Both a large cell-surface protein designated Contact-dependent inhibitor A (CdiA) and two-partner secretion family member CdiB were required for growth inhibition. The CdiAB system may function to regulate the growth of specific cells within a differentiated bacterial population.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Aoki, Stephanie K -- Pamma, Rupinderjit -- Hernday, Aaron D -- Bickham, Jessica E -- Braaten, Bruce A -- Low, David A -- AI23348/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Aug 19;309(5738):1245-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California-Santa Barbara (UCSB), Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16109881" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Computational Biology ; Contact Inhibition ; Culture Media, Conditioned ; Escherichia coli/genetics/*growth & development/pathogenicity/physiology ; Escherichia coli K12/genetics/*growth & development/physiology ; Escherichia coli Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*physiology ; Fimbriae, Bacterial/metabolism ; Genes, Bacterial ; Genetic Complementation Test ; Genomic Islands ; Membrane Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*physiology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Open Reading Frames ; Virulence
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 66
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    Structure of SARS coronavirus spike receptor-binding domain complexed with receptor (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-09-17
    Beschreibung: The spike protein (S) of SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) attaches the virus to its cellular receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). A defined receptor-binding domain (RBD) on S mediates this interaction. The crystal structure at 2.9 angstrom resolution of the RBD bound with the peptidase domain of human ACE2 shows that the RBD presents a gently concave surface, which cradles the N-terminal lobe of the peptidase. The atomic details at the interface between the two proteins clarify the importance of residue changes that facilitate efficient cross-species infection and human-to-human transmission. The structure of the RBD suggests ways to make truncated disulfide-stabilized RBD variants for use in the design of coronavirus vaccines.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Li, Fang -- Li, Wenhui -- Farzan, Michael -- Harrison, Stephen C -- AI061601/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- CA13202/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Sep 16;309(5742):1864-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School and Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, 320 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16166518" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Amino Acid Substitution ; Animals ; Antibodies, Viral/immunology ; Binding Sites ; Carboxypeptidases/*chemistry/metabolism ; Cell Line ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Disease Outbreaks ; Epitopes ; Glycosylation ; Humans ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; Membrane Glycoproteins/*chemistry/genetics/immunology/*metabolism ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Receptors, Virus/*chemistry/metabolism ; SARS Virus/*chemistry/genetics/physiology ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome/transmission/*virology ; Species Specificity ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; Viral Envelope Proteins/*chemistry/genetics/immunology/*metabolism ; Viral Vaccines ; Viverridae/virology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 67
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    Interindividual variation in posture allocation: possible role in human obesity (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-02-01
    Beschreibung: Obesity occurs when energy intake exceeds energy expenditure. Humans expend energy through purposeful exercise and through changes in posture and movement that are associated with the routines of daily life [called nonexercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT)]. To examine NEAT's role in obesity, we recruited 10 lean and 10 mildly obese sedentary volunteers and measured their body postures and movements every half-second for 10 days. Obese individuals were seated, on average, 2 hours longer per day than lean individuals. Posture allocation did not change when the obese individuals lost weight or when lean individuals gained weight, suggesting that it is biologically determined. If obese individuals adopted the NEAT-enhanced behaviors of their lean counterparts, they might expend an additional 350 calories (kcal) per day.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Levine, James A -- Lanningham-Foster, Lorraine M -- McCrady, Shelly K -- Krizan, Alisa C -- Olson, Leslie R -- Kane, Paul H -- Jensen, Michael D -- Clark, Matthew M -- DK56650/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK63226/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK66270/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- M01 RR00585/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jan 28;307(5709):584-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Endocrine Research Unit, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. Jim@Mayo.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15681386" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Activities of Daily Living ; Adult ; *Body Weight ; Energy Intake ; *Energy Metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Locomotion ; Male ; Middle Aged ; *Motor Activity ; *Movement ; Obesity/*physiopathology ; Overnutrition ; Pilot Projects ; *Posture ; *Thermogenesis ; Weight Gain ; Weight Loss
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    The science of social diseases (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-01-18
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dye, Christopher -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jan 14;307(5707):181.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15653468" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/epidemiology/prevention & control ; Baltic States/epidemiology ; *Delivery of Health Care ; Health Services Research ; *Health Status ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Russia/epidemiology ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Tuberculosis/*epidemiology/prevention & control
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Endosomal proteolysis of the Ebola virus glycoprotein is necessary for infection (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-04-16
    Beschreibung: Ebola virus (EboV) causes rapidly fatal hemorrhagic fever in humans and there is currently no effective treatment. We found that the infection of African green monkey kidney (Vero) cells by vesicular stomatitis viruses bearing the EboV glycoprotein (GP) requires the activity of endosomal cysteine proteases. Using selective protease inhibitors and protease-deficient cell lines, we identified an essential role for cathepsin B (CatB) and an accessory role for cathepsin L (CatL) in EboV GP-dependent entry. Biochemical studies demonstrate that CatB and CatL mediate entry by carrying out proteolysis of the EboV GP subunit GP1 and support a multistep mechanism that explains the relative contributions of these enzymes to infection. CatB and CatB/CatL inhibitors diminish the multiplication of infectious EboV-Zaire in cultured cells and may merit investigation as anti-EboV drugs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chandran, Kartik -- Sullivan, Nancy J -- Felbor, Ute -- Whelan, Sean P -- Cunningham, James M -- R01 AI059371/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI059371-01A1/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jun 10;308(5728):1643-5. Epub 2005 Apr 14.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15831716" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Cathepsin B/antagonists & inhibitors/*metabolism ; Cathepsin L ; Cathepsins/antagonists & inhibitors/*metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Cercopithecus aethiops ; Cysteine Endopeptidases/*metabolism ; Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Ebolavirus/metabolism/*physiology ; Endosomes/*metabolism ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Mice ; Vero Cells ; Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus/genetics/physiology ; Viral Envelope Proteins/*metabolism ; Virion/physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    The beta-glucuronidase klotho hydrolyzes and activates the TRPV5 channel (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-10-22
    Beschreibung: Blood calcium concentration is maintained within a narrow range despite large variations in dietary input and body demand. The Transient Receptor Potential ion channel TRPV5 has been implicated in this process. We report here that TRPV5 is stimulated by the mammalian hormone klotho. Klotho, a beta-glucuronidase, hydrolyzes extracellular sugar residues on TRPV5, entrapping the channel in the plasma membrane. This maintains durable calcium channel activity and membrane calcium permeability in kidney. Thus, klotho activates a cell surface channel by hydrolysis of its extracellular N-linked oligosaccharides.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chang, Q -- Hoefs, S -- van der Kemp, A W -- Topala, C N -- Bindels, R J -- Hoenderop, J G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Oct 21;310(5747):490-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physiology, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, Netherlands.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16239475" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Calcium/metabolism ; Calcium Channels/genetics/*metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Glucuronidase/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Glycosylation ; Humans ; Hydrolysis ; Kidney/cytology/metabolism ; Membrane Proteins/*metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mutation ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Protein Transport ; Rabbits ; Sodium/metabolism ; TRPV Cation Channels/genetics/*metabolism ; Transfection
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Structural insights into the activity of enhancer-binding proteins (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-03-26
    Beschreibung: Activators of bacterial sigma54-RNA polymerase holoenzyme are mechanochemical proteins that use adenosine triphosphate (ATP) hydrolysis to activate transcription. We have determined by cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) a 20 angstrom resolution structure of an activator, phage shock protein F [PspF(1-275)], which is bound to an ATP transition state analog in complex with its basal factor, sigma54. By fitting the crystal structure of PspF(1-275) at 1.75 angstroms into the EM map, we identified two loops involved in binding sigma54. Comparing enhancer-binding structures in different nucleotide states and mutational analysis led us to propose nucleotide-dependent conformational changes that free the loops for association with sigma54.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2756573/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2756573/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rappas, Mathieu -- Schumacher, Jorg -- Beuron, Fabienne -- Niwa, Hajime -- Bordes, Patricia -- Wigneshweraraj, Sivaramesh -- Keetch, Catherine A -- Robinson, Carol V -- Buck, Martin -- Zhang, Xiaodong -- B17129/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Mar 25;307(5717):1972-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biological Sciences, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15790859" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Amino Acid Motifs ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Bacterial Proteins/chemistry/metabolism ; Binding Sites ; Cryoelectron Microscopy ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; DNA-Binding Proteins/chemistry/metabolism ; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases/chemistry/metabolism ; Escherichia coli Proteins/*chemistry/*metabolism ; Hydrolysis ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; PII Nitrogen Regulatory Proteins ; *Protein Conformation ; Protein Folding ; Protein Structure, Quaternary ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; RNA Polymerase Sigma 54 ; Sigma Factor/chemistry/metabolism ; Trans-Activators/*chemistry/*metabolism ; Transcription Factors/chemistry/metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    A strategy for probing the function of noncoding RNAs finds a repressor of NFAT (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-09-06
    Beschreibung: Noncoding RNA molecules (ncRNAs) have been implicated in numerous biological processes including transcriptional regulation and the modulation of protein function. Yet, in spite of the apparent abundance of ncRNA, little is known about the biological role of the projected thousands of ncRNA genes present in the human genome. To facilitate functional analysis of these RNAs, we have created an arrayed library of short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) directed against 512 evolutionarily conserved putative ncRNAs and, via cell-based assays, we have begun to determine their roles in cellular pathways. Using this system, we have identified an ncRNA repressor of the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT), which interacts with multiple proteins including members of the importin-beta superfamily and likely functions as a specific regulator of NFAT nuclear trafficking.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Willingham, A T -- Orth, A P -- Batalov, S -- Peters, E C -- Wen, B G -- Aza-Blanc, P -- Hogenesch, J B -- Schultz, P G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Sep 2;309(5740):1570-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16141075" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Cell Line ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Humans ; Mice ; NFATC Transcription Factors ; Nuclear Proteins/*antagonists & inhibitors ; *RNA Interference ; RNA, Long Noncoding ; RNA, Untranslated/antagonists & inhibitors/genetics/*physiology ; Transcription Factors/*antagonists & inhibitors ; beta Karyopherins/metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    A fluoroquinolone resistance protein from Mycobacterium tuberculosis that mimics DNA (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-06-04
    Beschreibung: Fluoroquinolones are gaining increasing importance in the treatment of tuberculosis. The expression of MfpA, a member of the pentapeptide repeat family of proteins from Mycobacterium tuberculosis, causes resistance to ciprofloxacin and sparfloxacin. This protein binds to DNA gyrase and inhibits its activity. Its three-dimensional structure reveals a fold, which we have named the right-handed quadrilateral beta helix, that exhibits size, shape, and electrostatic similarity to B-form DNA. This represents a form of DNA mimicry and explains both its inhibitory effect on DNA gyrase and fluoroquinolone resistance resulting from the protein's expression in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hegde, Subray S -- Vetting, Matthew W -- Roderick, Steven L -- Mitchenall, Lesley A -- Maxwell, Anthony -- Takiff, Howard E -- Blanchard, John S -- AI33696/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI60899/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- T32 AI007501/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- T32 AI07501/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jun 3;308(5727):1480-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15933203" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Antitubercular Agents/chemistry/*pharmacology ; Bacterial Proteins/chemistry/*physiology ; Ciprofloxacin/pharmacology ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; DNA Gyrase/metabolism ; DNA, Bacterial/*chemistry ; DNA, Superhelical/chemistry ; *Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Drug Resistance, Microbial/*physiology ; Enzyme Inhibitors/chemistry ; Escherichia coli/enzymology ; Fluoroquinolones/antagonists & inhibitors/chemistry/*pharmacology ; Models, Molecular ; *Molecular Mimicry ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/drug effects/*physiology ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Folding ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Topoisomerase II Inhibitors
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Spongiform diseases. Waiting for the final experiment (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-12-17
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Enserink, Martin -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Dec 16;310(5755):1758.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16357238" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Cricetinae ; Humans ; Mice ; PrPC Proteins/*chemistry ; PrPSc Proteins/*chemistry/*pathogenicity ; Prion Diseases/*etiology ; Protein Folding
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    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Increase in activity during calorie restriction requires Sirt1 (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-12-13
    Beschreibung: Sir2 (silent information regulator 2) is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent deacetylase required for longevity due to calorie restriction in yeast and Drosophila. In mammals, calorie restriction induces a complex pattern of physiological and behavioral changes. Here we report that the mammalian Sir2 ortholog, Sirt1, is required for the induction of a phenotype by calorie restriction in mice.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chen, Danica -- Steele, Andrew D -- Lindquist, Susan -- Guarente, Leonard -- AG11119/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Dec 9;310(5754):1641.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16339438" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; *Caloric Restriction ; Eating ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; *Motor Activity ; Movement ; Sirtuin 1 ; Sirtuins/genetics/*physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 76
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    Observing others: multiple action representation in the frontal lobe (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-10-15
    Beschreibung: Observation of actions performed by others activates monkey ventral premotor cortex, where action meaning, but not object identity, is coded. In a functional MRI (fMRI) study, we investigated whether other monkey frontal areas respond to actions performed by others. Observation of a hand grasping objects activated four frontal areas: rostral F5 and areas 45B, 45A, and 46. Observation of an individual grasping an object also activated caudal F5, which indicates different degrees of action abstraction in F5. Observation of shapes activated area 45, but not premotor F5. Convergence of object and action information in area 45 may be important for full comprehension of actions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nelissen, Koen -- Luppino, Giuseppe -- Vanduffel, Wim -- Rizzolatti, Giacomo -- Orban, Guy A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Oct 14;310(5746):332-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratorium voor Neuro-en Psychofysiologie, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Medical School, Leuven, Belgium.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16224029" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Frontal Lobe/*physiology ; Humans ; *Interpersonal Relations ; Macaca mulatta ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Motion Perception/*physiology ; Motor Activity ; Neurons/physiology ; Videotape Recording
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 77
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    Bone quality fills holes in fracture risk (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-06-11
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stokstad, Erik -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jun 10;308(5728):1580.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15947173" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Absorptiometry, Photon ; Aging ; Biomarkers/analysis ; Bone Density ; Bone Remodeling ; Bone and Bones/*cytology/pathology/*physiology ; Female ; Finite Element Analysis ; Fractures, Bone/*etiology ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Osteoblasts/physiology ; Osteoclasts/physiology ; Osteoporosis/pathology/*physiopathology ; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal/pathology/*physiopathology ; Risk Assessment ; Sex Characteristics ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 78
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    CX3CR1-mediated dendritic cell access to the intestinal lumen and bacterial clearance (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-01-18
    Beschreibung: Dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages are critical to innate and adaptive immunity to the intestinal bacterial microbiota. Here, we identify a myeloid-derived mucosal DC in mice, which populates the entire lamina propria of the small intestine. Lamina propria DCs were found to depend on the chemokine receptor CX3CR1 to form transepithelial dendrites, which enable the cells to directly sample luminal antigens. CX3CR1 was also found to control the clearance of entero-invasive pathogens by DCs. Thus, CX3CR1-dependent processes, which control host interactions of specialized DCs with commensal and pathogenic bacteria, may regulate immunological tolerance and inflammation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Niess, Jan Hendrik -- Brand, Stephan -- Gu, Xiubin -- Landsman, Limor -- Jung, Steffen -- McCormick, Beth A -- Vyas, Jatin M -- Boes, Marianne -- Ploegh, Hidde L -- Fox, James G -- Littman, Dan R -- Reinecker, Hans-Christian -- AI33856/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- DK33506/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK54427/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jan 14;307(5707):254-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Gastrointestinal Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15653504" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Chemokine CX3CL1 ; Chemokines, CX3C/metabolism ; Dendritic Cells/cytology/*immunology/microbiology ; Escherichia coli/*immunology/isolation & purification ; Gene Deletion ; Green Fluorescent Proteins/metabolism ; Ileum/cytology/immunology ; *Immunity, Mucosal ; Intestinal Mucosa/*immunology/microbiology ; Intestine, Small/immunology/microbiology ; Lymphoid Tissue/cytology/immunology ; Membrane Proteins/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Peyer's Patches/immunology/microbiology ; Phagocytosis ; Receptors, Chemokine/genetics/metabolism/*physiology ; Salmonella Infections, Animal/*immunology/microbiology ; Salmonella typhimurium/*immunology/isolation & purification
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 79
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    Wolbachia establishment and invasion in an Aedes aegypti laboratory population (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-10-15
    Beschreibung: A proposed strategy to aid in controlling the growing burden of vector-borne disease is population replacement, in which a natural vector population is replaced by a population with a reduced capacity for disease transmission. An important component of such a strategy is the drive system, which serves to spread a desired genotype into the targeted field population. Endosymbiotic Wolbachia bacteria are potential transgene drivers, but infections do not naturally occur in some important mosquito vectors, notably Aedes aegypti. In this work, stable infections of wAlbB Wolbachia were established in A. aegypti and caused high rates of cytoplasmic incompatibility (that is, elimination of egg hatch). Laboratory cage tests demonstrated the ability of wAlbB to spread into an A. aegypti population after seeding of an uninfected population with infected females, reaching infection fixation within seven generations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Xi, Zhiyong -- Khoo, Cynthia C H -- Dobson, Stephen L -- AI-51533/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Oct 14;310(5746):326-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16224027" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Aedes/*microbiology ; Animals ; Crosses, Genetic ; Cytoplasm ; Female ; Insect Vectors/microbiology ; Male ; Pest Control, Biological ; Reproduction ; Wolbachia/*physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 80
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    RNA polymerase IV directs silencing of endogenous DNA (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-02-05
    Beschreibung: Plants encode subunits for a fourth RNA polymerase (Pol IV) in addition to the well-known DNA-dependent RNA polymerases I, II, and III. By mutation of the two largest subunits (NRPD1a and NRPD2), we show that Pol IV silences certain transposons and repetitive DNA in a short interfering RNA pathway involving RNA-dependent RNA polymerase 2 and Dicer-like 3. The existence of this distinct silencing polymerase may explain the paradoxical involvement of an RNA silencing pathway in maintenance of transcriptional silencing.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Herr, A J -- Jensen, M B -- Dalmay, T -- Baulcombe, D C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Apr 1;308(5718):118-20. Epub 2005 Feb 3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Sainsbury Laboratory, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15692015" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Arabidopsis/*enzymology/genetics ; Arabidopsis Proteins/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Base Sequence ; Chromatin/metabolism ; DNA Methylation ; DNA Transposable Elements ; DNA, Plant/*genetics/metabolism ; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; *Gene Silencing ; Genes, Plant ; Genetic Complementation Test ; Green Fluorescent Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Oryza/enzymology/genetics ; Plants, Genetically Modified ; Protein Subunits/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; RNA Interference ; RNA Polymerase II/metabolism ; RNA, Plant/metabolism ; RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Transgenes
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 81
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    Whole-genome patterns of common DNA variation in three human populations (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-02-19
    Beschreibung: Individual differences in DNA sequence are the genetic basis of human variability. We have characterized whole-genome patterns of common human DNA variation by genotyping 1,586,383 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 71 Americans of European, African, and Asian ancestry. Our results indicate that these SNPs capture most common genetic variation as a result of linkage disequilibrium, the correlation among common SNP alleles. We observe a strong correlation between extended regions of linkage disequilibrium and functional genomic elements. Our data provide a tool for exploring many questions that remain regarding the causal role of common human DNA variation in complex human traits and for investigating the nature of genetic variation within and between human populations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hinds, David A -- Stuve, Laura L -- Nilsen, Geoffrey B -- Halperin, Eran -- Eskin, Eleazar -- Ballinger, Dennis G -- Frazer, Kelly A -- Cox, David R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Feb 18;307(5712):1072-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Perlegen Sciences Inc., 2021 Stierlin Court, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15718463" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): African Americans/*genetics ; Algorithms ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group/*genetics ; Case-Control Studies ; Chromosome Mapping ; Databases, Genetic ; European Continental Ancestry Group/*genetics ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Markers ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; *Genetic Variation ; *Genome, Human ; Genotype ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; Male ; Multifactorial Inheritance ; *Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Recombination, Genetic ; Risk Factors ; Selection, Genetic
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 82
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    Cyberinfrastructure for e-Science (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-05-10
    Beschreibung: Here we describe the requirements of an e-Infrastructure to enable faster, better, and different scientific research capabilities. We use two application exemplars taken from the United Kingdom's e-Science Programme to illustrate these requirements and make the case for a service-oriented infrastructure. We provide a brief overview of the UK "plug-and-play composable services" vision and the role of semantics in such an e-Infrastructure.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hey, Tony -- Trefethen, Anne E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 May 6;308(5723):817-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, Polaris House, North Star Avenue, Swindon SN2 1ET, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15879209" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; Combinatorial Chemistry Techniques ; *Computational Biology ; *Computer Communication Networks ; *Computing Methodologies ; Databases as Topic ; Graves Disease/genetics ; *Internet ; *Research ; *Software ; Williams Syndrome/genetics
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 83
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    Resting microglial cells are highly dynamic surveillants of brain parenchyma in vivo (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-04-16
    Beschreibung: Microglial cells represent the immune system of the mammalian brain and therefore are critically involved in various injuries and diseases. Little is known about their role in the healthy brain and their immediate reaction to brain damage. By using in vivo two-photon imaging in neocortex, we found that microglial cells are highly active in their presumed resting state, continually surveying their microenvironment with extremely motile processes and protrusions. Furthermore, blood-brain barrier disruption provoked immediate and focal activation of microglia, switching their behavior from patroling to shielding of the injured site. Microglia thus are busy and vigilant housekeepers in the adult brain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nimmerjahn, Axel -- Kirchhoff, Frank -- Helmchen, Fritjof -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 May 27;308(5726):1314-8. Epub 2005 Apr 14.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Abteilung Zellphysiologie, Max Planck Institut fur Medizinische Forschung, Jahnstrasse 29, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15831717" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Astrocytes/physiology/ultrastructure ; Bicuculline/pharmacology ; Blood-Brain Barrier ; Brain Injuries/physiopathology ; Capillaries/injuries ; Cell Movement ; Cell Surface Extensions/*physiology/ultrastructure ; GABA Antagonists/pharmacology ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; Lasers ; Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Microglia/cytology/*physiology/*ultrastructure ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Neocortex/*cytology/*physiology ; Pseudopodia/physiology ; Sodium Channel Blockers/pharmacology ; Tetrodotoxin/pharmacology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 84
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    Expanded repeat in canine epilepsy (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-01-08
    Beschreibung: Epilepsy afflicts 1% of humans and 5% of dogs. We report a canine epilepsy mutation and evidence for the existence of repeat-expansion disease outside humans. A canid-specific unstable dodecamer repeat in the Epm2b (Nhlrc1) gene recurrently expands, causing a fatal epilepsy and contributing to the high incidence of canine epilepsy. Tracing the repeat origins revealed two successive events, starting 50 million years ago, unique to canid evolution. A genetic test, presented here, will allow carrier and presymptomatic diagnosis and disease eradication. Clinicopathologic characterization establishes affected animals as a model for Lafora disease, the most severe teenage-onset human epilepsy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lohi, Hannes -- Young, Edwin J -- Fitzmaurice, Susan N -- Rusbridge, Clare -- Chan, Elayne M -- Vervoort, Mike -- Turnbull, Julie -- Zhao, Xiao-Chu -- Ianzano, Leonarda -- Paterson, Andrew D -- Sutter, Nathan B -- Ostrander, Elaine A -- Andre, Catherine -- Shelton, G Diane -- Ackerley, Cameron A -- Scherer, Stephen W -- Minassian, Berge A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jan 7;307(5706):81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15637270" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Alleles ; Animals ; Chromosome Mapping ; Cloning, Molecular ; *DNA Repeat Expansion ; Dog Diseases/*genetics ; Dogs/*genetics ; Female ; Lafora Disease/genetics/*veterinary ; Male ; Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism ; Pedigree ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; Sequence Analysis, DNA
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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    Disulfide isomerization after membrane release of its SAR domain activates P1 lysozyme (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-01-08
    Beschreibung: The P1 lysozyme Lyz is secreted to the periplasm of Escherichia coli and accumulates in an inactive membrane-tethered form. Genetic and biochemical experiments show that, when released from the bilayer, Lyz is activated by an intramolecular thiol-disulfide isomerization, which requires a cysteine in its N-terminal SAR (signal-arrest-release) domain. Crystal structures confirm the alternative disulfide linkages in the two forms of Lyz and reveal dramatic conformational differences in the catalytic domain. Thus, the exported P1 endolysin is kept inactive by three levels of control-topological, conformational, and covalent-until its release from the membrane is triggered by the P1 holin.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Xu, Min -- Arulandu, Arockiasamy -- Struck, Douglas K -- Swanson, Stephanie -- Sacchettini, James C -- Young, Ry -- GM27099/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM62410/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jan 7;307(5706):113-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2128, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15637279" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Bacteriophage P1/*enzymology ; Binding Sites ; Catalytic Domain ; Cell Membrane/enzymology ; Chemistry, Physical ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Cysteine/chemistry ; Enzyme Activation ; Escherichia coli/enzymology/virology ; Isomerism ; Lipid Bilayers ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Muramidase/*chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Mutation ; Physicochemical Phenomena ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Sorting Signals ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/chemistry/metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 86
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    Identification of the sex pheromone of the German cockroach, Blattella germanica (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-02-19
    Beschreibung: The sex pheromone of the German cockroach, Blattella germanica, has been characterized as gentisyl quinone isovalerate. This cockroach is a major cause of allergic disease and serves as a mechanical vector of pathogens, making it one of the most important residential and food-associated pests worldwide. The sex pheromone-producing gland in adult females was identified in 1993, but thermal instability of the pheromone made characterization difficult. Now, using a new preparative gas chromatography approach coupled with electroantennographic detection, we have isolated and characterized the pheromone, which we term blattellaquinone, and confirmed the identification by chemical synthesis. The synthetic pheromone was active in behavioral assays and highly effective in field trapping tests, which suggest that it may provide a new tool in cockroach population detection, monitoring, and control.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nojima, Satoshi -- Schal, Coby -- Webster, Francis X -- Santangelo, Richard G -- Roelofs, Wendell L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Feb 18;307(5712):1104-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Entomology, New York Agricultural Experiment Station, Cornell University, Geneva, NY 14456, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15718472" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Behavior, Animal/drug effects ; Blattellidae/*chemistry/physiology ; Chromatography, Gas ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Electrodes ; Female ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Male ; Mass Spectrometry ; Molecular Structure ; Molecular Weight ; Quinones/chemical synthesis/*chemistry/*isolation & purification/pharmacology ; Sense Organs/drug effects/physiology ; Sex Attractants/chemical synthesis/*chemistry/*isolation & ; purification/pharmacology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Reciprocal interference between specific CJD and scrapie agents in neural cell cultures (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-10-22
    Beschreibung: Infection of mice with an attenuated Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease agent (SY-CJD) interferes with superinfection by a more virulent human-derived CJD agent (FU-CJD) and does not require pathological prion protein (PrPres). Using a rapid coculture system, we found that a neural cell line free of immune system cells similarly supported substantial CJD agent interference without PrPres. In addition, SY-CJD prevented superinfection by sheep-derived Chandler (Ch) and 22L scrapie agents. However, only 22L and not Ch prevented FU-CJD infection, even though both scrapie strains provoked abundant PrPres. This relationship between particular strains of sheep- and human-derived agents is likely to affect their prevalence and epidemic spread.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nishida, Noriuki -- Katamine, Shigeru -- Manuelidis, Laura -- NS12674/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Oct 21;310(5747):493-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Yale Medical School, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16239476" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Cell Line ; Coculture Techniques ; *Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome ; Humans ; Mice ; Neurons/metabolism/*physiology ; PrPSc Proteins/metabolism/*pathogenicity ; Prions/metabolism/*pathogenicity/*physiology ; Scrapie ; Sheep ; Species Specificity ; Virulence
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 88
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    Small CTD phosphatases function in silencing neuronal gene expression (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-02-01
    Beschreibung: Neuronal gene transcription is repressed in non-neuronal cells by the repressor element 1 (RE-1)-silencing transcription factor/neuron-restrictive silencer factor (REST/NRSF) complex. To understand how this silencing is achieved, we examined a family of class-C RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) carboxyl-terminal domain (CTD) phosphatases [small CTD phosphatases (SCPs) 1 to 3], whose expression is restricted to non-neuronal tissues. We show that REST/NRSF recruits SCPs to neuronal genes that contain RE-1 elements, leading to neuronal gene silencing in non-neuronal cells. Phosphatase-inactive forms of SCP interfere with REST/NRSF function and promote neuronal differentiation of P19 stem cells. Likewise, small interfering RNA directed to the single Drosophila SCP unmasks neuronal gene expression in S2 cells. Thus, SCP activity is an evolutionarily conserved transcriptional regulator that acts globally to silence neuronal genes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yeo, Michele -- Lee, Soo-Kyung -- Lee, Bora -- Ruiz, Esmeralda C -- Pfaff, Samuel L -- Gill, Gordon N -- DK13149/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- NS37116/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jan 28;307(5709):596-600.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15681389" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Line ; Chromatin Immunoprecipitation ; DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Down-Regulation ; Drosophila/genetics/metabolism ; Drosophila Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation ; *Gene Silencing ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization ; Mice ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/metabolism ; Neurons/cytology/*physiology ; Nuclear Proteins ; Phosphoprotein Phosphatases/genetics/*metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; RNA Interference ; Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Repressor Proteins/*metabolism ; TCF Transcription Factors ; Transcription Factor 7-Like 1 Protein ; Transcription Factors/*metabolism ; Tretinoin/pharmacology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 89
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    NPY/AgRP neurons are essential for feeding in adult mice but can be ablated in neonates (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-10-29
    Beschreibung: Hypothalamic neurons that express neuropeptide Y (NPY) and agouti-related protein (AgRP) are thought to be critical regulators of feeding behavior and body weight. To determine whether NPY/AgRP neurons are essential in mice, we targeted the human diphtheria toxin receptor to the Agrp locus, which allows temporally controlled ablation of NPY/AgRP neurons to occur after an injection of diphtheria toxin. Neonatal ablation of NPY/AgRP neurons had minimal effects on feeding, whereas their ablation in adults caused rapid starvation. These results suggest that network-based compensatory mechanisms can develop after the ablation of NPY/AgRP neurons in neonates but do not readily occur when these neurons become essential in adults.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Luquet, Serge -- Perez, Francisco A -- Hnasko, Thomas S -- Palmiter, Richard D -- K01 DA026504/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Oct 28;310(5748):683-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Box 357370, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16254186" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Aging/physiology ; Agouti-Related Protein ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus/cytology ; Body Weight/physiology ; Diphtheria Toxin ; Feeding Behavior/*physiology ; Heparin-binding EGF-like Growth Factor ; Humans ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Mice ; Neurons/metabolism/*physiology ; Neuropeptide Y/*metabolism ; Proteins/*metabolism ; Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 90
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    TLR11 activation of dendritic cells by a protozoan profilin-like protein (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-04-30
    Beschreibung: Mammalian Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an important role in the innate recognition of pathogens by dendritic cells (DCs). Although TLRs are clearly involved in the detection of bacteria and viruses, relatively little is known about their function in the innate response to eukaryotic microorganisms. Here we identify a profilin-like molecule from the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii that generates a potent interleukin-12 (IL-12) response in murine DCs that is dependent on myeloid differentiation factor 88. T. gondii profilin activates DCs through TLR11 and is the first chemically defined ligand for this TLR. Moreover, TLR11 is required in vivo for parasite-induced IL-12 production and optimal resistance to infection, thereby establishing a role for the receptor in host recognition of protozoan pathogens.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yarovinsky, Felix -- Zhang, Dekai -- Andersen, John F -- Bannenberg, Gerard L -- Serhan, Charles N -- Hayden, Matthew S -- Hieny, Sara -- Sutterwala, Fayyaz S -- Flavell, Richard A -- Ghosh, Sankar -- Sher, Alan -- 1R01AI045806-01A1/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI05093/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01-AI59440/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01-GM38765/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Intramural NIH HHS/ -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jun 10;308(5728):1626-9. Epub 2005 Apr 28.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. fyarovinsky@niaid.nih.gov〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15860593" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; Amino Acid Motifs ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antigens, Differentiation/genetics/metabolism ; Contractile Proteins/chemistry/*immunology/isolation & purification/metabolism ; Dendritic Cells/*immunology ; Genes, Protozoan ; Immunity, Innate ; Interleukin-12/biosynthesis/blood ; Ligands ; Membrane Glycoproteins/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Microfilament Proteins/chemistry/*immunology/isolation & purification/metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88 ; NF-kappa B/metabolism ; Profilins ; Protozoan Proteins/chemistry/*immunology/isolation & purification/metabolism ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*metabolism ; Receptors, Immunologic/genetics/metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins/immunology ; Signal Transduction ; Toll-Like Receptors ; Toxoplasma/genetics/*immunology ; Toxoplasmosis, Animal/*immunology ; Transfection
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 91
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    Cancer. An anchor for tumor cell invasion (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-03-19
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yuspa, Stuart H -- Epstein, Ervin H Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Mar 18;307(5716):1727-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Cellular Carcinogenesis and Tumor Promotion, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. sy12j@nih.gov〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15774745" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/etiology/genetics/pathology/*physiopathology ; Cell Adhesion Molecules/metabolism ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Collagen Type VII/chemistry/*genetics/*physiology ; Disease Susceptibility ; Epidermolysis Bullosa Dystrophica/complications/*genetics/metabolism/pathology ; Genes, ras ; Humans ; I-kappa B Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Keratinocytes/*metabolism/pathology ; Mice ; Mutation ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Skin Neoplasms/etiology/genetics/pathology/*physiopathology ; Transduction, Genetic ; Transforming Growth Factor beta/metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 92
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    Crystal structure of human toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) ectodomain (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-06-18
    Beschreibung: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play key roles in activating immune responses during infection. The human TLR3 ectodomain structure at 2.1 angstroms reveals a large horseshoe-shaped solenoid assembled from 23 leucine-rich repeats (LRRs). Asparagines conserved in the 24-residue LRR motif contribute extensive hydrogen-bonding networks for solenoid stabilization. TLR3 is largely masked by carbohydrate, but one face is glycosylation-free, which suggests its potential role in ligand binding and oligomerization. Highly conserved surface residues and a TLR3-specific LRR insertion form a homodimer interface in the crystal, whereas two patches of positively charged residues and a second insertion would provide an appropriate binding site for double-stranded RNA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Choe, Jungwoo -- Kelker, Matthew S -- Wilson, Ian A -- AI-42266/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- CA-58896/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- T32 AI077606/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jul 22;309(5734):581-5. Epub 2005 Jun 16.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Biology and Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, Scripps Research Institute (TSRI), 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15961631" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Motifs ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Binding Sites ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Dimerization ; Glycosylation ; Humans ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Leucine/chemistry ; Ligands ; Membrane Glycoproteins/*chemistry/metabolism ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; RNA, Double-Stranded/metabolism ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*chemistry/metabolism ; Repetitive Sequences, Amino Acid ; Signal Transduction ; Static Electricity ; Surface Properties ; Toll-Like Receptor 3 ; Toll-Like Receptors
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 93
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    Functional interaction between beta-catenin and FOXO in oxidative stress signaling (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-05-21
    Beschreibung: beta-Catenin is a multifunctional protein that mediates Wnt signaling by binding to members of the T cell factor (TCF) family of transcription factors. Here, we report an evolutionarily conserved interaction of beta-catenin with FOXO transcription factors, which are regulated by insulin and oxidative stress signaling. beta-Catenin binds directly to FOXO and enhances FOXO transcriptional activity in mammalian cells. In Caenorhabditis elegans, loss of the beta-catenin BAR-1 reduces the activity of the FOXO ortholog DAF-16 in dauer formation and life span. Association of beta-catenin with FOXO was enhanced in cells exposed to oxidative stress. Furthermore, BAR-1 was required for the oxidative stress-induced expression of the DAF-16 target gene sod-3 and for resistance to oxidative damage. These results demonstrate a role for beta-catenin in regulating FOXO function that is particularly important under conditions of oxidative stress.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Essers, Marieke A G -- de Vries-Smits, Lydia M M -- Barker, Nick -- Polderman, Paulien E -- Burgering, Boudewijn M T -- Korswagen, Hendrik C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 May 20;308(5725):1181-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physiological Chemistry and Center for Biomedical Genetics, University Medical Center, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG Utrecht, Netherlands.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15905404" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Animals, Genetically Modified ; Caenorhabditis elegans/genetics/*metabolism/physiology ; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Carrier Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Line ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27 ; Cytoskeletal Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Forkhead Transcription Factors ; Humans ; Hydrogen Peroxide/pharmacology ; Immunoprecipitation ; Insulin/pharmacology ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Lithium Chloride/pharmacology ; Longevity ; Mice ; Mutation ; *Oxidative Stress ; Receptor, Insulin/genetics/metabolism ; *Signal Transduction ; Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism ; Trans-Activators/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Transcription Factors/*metabolism ; Transfection ; beta Catenin
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 94
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    The floral regulator LEAFY evolves by substitutions in the DNA binding domain (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-04-12
    Beschreibung: The plant-specific transcription factor LEAFY controls general aspects of the life cycle in a basal plant, the moss Physcomitrella patens. In contrast, LEAFY has more specialized functions in angiosperms, where it specifically induces floral fate during the reproductive phase. This raises the question of a concomitant change in the biochemical function of LEAFY during the evolution of land plants. We report that the DNA binding domain of LEAFY, although largely conserved, has diverged in activity. On the contrary, other, more rapidly evolving portions of the protein have few effects on LEAFY activity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maizel, Alexis -- Busch, Maximilian A -- Tanahashi, Takako -- Perkovic, Josip -- Kato, Masahiro -- Hasebe, Mitsuyasu -- Weigel, Detlef -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Apr 8;308(5719):260-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15821093" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Binding Sites ; DNA, Plant/metabolism ; *Evolution, Molecular ; Flowers/*growth & development ; Phylogeny ; Plant Proteins/*genetics/metabolism ; Plants/genetics ; Transcription Factors/*genetics/metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 95
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    Avian flu. First human case in Cambodia highlights surveillance shortcomings (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-02-19
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Normile, Dennis -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Feb 18;307(5712):1027.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15718437" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Animals ; Asia, Southeastern/epidemiology ; Cambodia/epidemiology ; Disease Outbreaks/veterinary ; Female ; Humans ; *Influenza A virus ; Influenza in Birds/*epidemiology ; Influenza, Human/*epidemiology/transmission/*virology ; Male ; *Population Surveillance ; Poultry
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 96
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    Neuroscience. Synaptic membranes bend to the will of a neurotoxin (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-12-13
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zimmerberg, Joshua -- Chernomordik, Leonid V -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Dec 9;310(5754):1626-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biophysics, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1855, USA. joshz@helix.nih.gov〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16339436" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Exocytosis ; Fatty Acids/*metabolism ; Hydrolysis ; Lipid Bilayers ; Lysophospholipids/*metabolism ; Membrane Fusion ; Membrane Lipids/analysis/metabolism ; Mice ; Micelles ; Neuromuscular Junction/drug effects/physiology ; Neurotoxins/metabolism/toxicity ; Neurotransmitter Agents/metabolism ; Phospholipases A/*metabolism/toxicity ; Synaptic Membranes/chemistry/*physiology ; Synaptic Vesicles/physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 97
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    Marine fish egg hydration is aquaporin-mediated (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-02-01
    Beschreibung: The positive buoyancy of marine fish eggs in sea water, allowed by hydration of the oocyte, is critical for their survival and dispersion in the ocean. We isolated an aquaporin, SaAQP1o, that belongs to a unique subfamily of aquaporin-1-like channels specifically evolved in teleosts and mainly expressed in the ovary. We further show that hormone-induced fish oocyte hydration is a highly controlled process based on the interplay between protein hydrolysis and the translocation of SaAQP1o to the plasma membrane, indicating a specialized physiological role for this aquaporin.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fabra, Mercedes -- Raldua, Demetrio -- Power, Deborah M -- Deen, Peter M T -- Cerda, Joan -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jan 28;307(5709):545.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center of Aquaculture-Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaries, Tarragona, Spain, and Reference Center in Aquaculture, Barcelona, Spain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15681377" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Aquaporin 1 ; Aquaporins/chemistry/classification/genetics/*physiology ; Biological Evolution ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Cytoplasm/metabolism ; DNA, Complementary ; Female ; Fishes/genetics/physiology ; Mercuric Chloride/pharmacology ; Microvilli/metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oocytes/*physiology ; Ovary ; Permeability ; Phylogeny ; Recombinant Proteins/metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sea Bream/genetics/*physiology ; Water/*metabolism ; Xenopus laevis/genetics
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 98
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    TAZ, a transcriptional modulator of mesenchymal stem cell differentiation (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-08-16
    Beschreibung: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a pluripotent cell type that can differentiate into several distinct lineages. Two key transcription factors, Runx2 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma), drive MSCs to differentiate into either osteoblasts or adipocytes, respectively. How these two transcription factors are regulated in order to specify these alternate cell fates remains a pivotal question. Here we report that a 14-3-3-binding protein, TAZ (transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif), coactivates Runx2-dependent gene transcription while repressing PPARgamma-dependent gene transcription. By modulating TAZ expression in model cell lines, mouse embryonic fibroblasts, and primary MSCs in culture and in zebrafish in vivo, we observed alterations in osteogenic versus adipogenic potential. These results indicate that TAZ functions as a molecular rheostat that modulates MSC differentiation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hong, Jeong-Ho -- Hwang, Eun Sook -- McManus, Michael T -- Amsterdam, Adam -- Tian, Yu -- Kalmukova, Ralitsa -- Mueller, Elisabetta -- Benjamin, Thomas -- Spiegelman, Bruce M -- Sharp, Phillip A -- Hopkins, Nancy -- Yaffe, Michael B -- CA042063/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- GM60594/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM68762/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Aug 12;309(5737):1074-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Cancer Research, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, E18-580, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16099986" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adipocytes/*cytology ; Animals ; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ; Bone Morphogenetic Proteins/pharmacology ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Line ; Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Humans ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/*cytology/physiology ; Mice ; Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism ; Oligonucleotides, Antisense ; Osteoblasts/*cytology ; Osteocalcin/genetics ; Osteogenesis ; PPAR gamma/metabolism ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*physiology ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Transcription Factors/chemistry/genetics/metabolism/*physiology ; Transcriptional Activation ; Transfection ; Transforming Growth Factor beta/pharmacology ; Zebrafish ; Zebrafish Proteins/genetics/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    Public health. Provocative study says obesity may reduce U.S. life expectancy (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-03-19
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mann, Charles C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Mar 18;307(5716):1716-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15774742" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Body Mass Index ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Life Expectancy/*trends ; Male ; Mortality ; Obesity/complications/*epidemiology ; Public Health ; United States/epidemiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    Neural systems responding to degrees of uncertainty in human decision-making (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-12-13
    Beschreibung: Much is known about how people make decisions under varying levels of probability (risk). Less is known about the neural basis of decision-making when probabilities are uncertain because of missing information (ambiguity). In decision theory, ambiguity about probabilities should not affect choices. Using functional brain imaging, we show that the level of ambiguity in choices correlates positively with activation in the amygdala and orbitofrontal cortex, and negatively with a striatal system. Moreover, striatal activity correlates positively with expected reward. Neurological subjects with orbitofrontal lesions were insensitive to the level of ambiguity and risk in behavioral choices. These data suggest a general neural circuit responding to degrees of uncertainty, contrary to decision theory.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hsu, Ming -- Bhatt, Meghana -- Adolphs, Ralph -- Tranel, Daniel -- Camerer, Colin F -- P01 NS19632/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH067681/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Dec 9;310(5754):1680-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Humanities and Social Sciences, 228-77, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16339445" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Amygdala/physiology ; Brain/*physiology ; Brain Diseases/physiopathology/psychology ; Brain Mapping ; Confidence Intervals ; Corpus Striatum/physiology ; *Decision Making ; Decision Theory ; Female ; Frontal Lobe/physiology ; Games, Experimental ; Humans ; Likelihood Functions ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; *Mental Processes ; Probability ; Reward ; Risk ; *Uncertainty
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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