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  • 1
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    SLC24A5, a putative cation exchanger, affects pigmentation in zebrafish and humans (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-12-17
    Description: Lighter variations of pigmentation in humans are associated with diminished number, size, and density of melanosomes, the pigmented organelles of melanocytes. Here we show that zebrafish golden mutants share these melanosomal changes and that golden encodes a putative cation exchanger slc24a5 (nckx5) that localizes to an intracellular membrane, likely the melanosome or its precursor. The human ortholog is highly similar in sequence and functional in zebrafish. The evolutionarily conserved ancestral allele of a human coding polymorphism predominates in African and East Asian populations. In contrast, the variant allele is nearly fixed in European populations, is associated with a substantial reduction in regional heterozygosity, and correlates with lighter skin pigmentation in admixed populations, suggesting a key role for the SLC24A5 gene in human pigmentation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lamason, Rebecca L -- Mohideen, Manzoor-Ali P K -- Mest, Jason R -- Wong, Andrew C -- Norton, Heather L -- Aros, Michele C -- Jurynec, Michael J -- Mao, Xianyun -- Humphreville, Vanessa R -- Humbert, Jasper E -- Sinha, Soniya -- Moore, Jessica L -- Jagadeeswaran, Pudur -- Zhao, Wei -- Ning, Gang -- Makalowska, Izabela -- McKeigue, Paul M -- O'donnell, David -- Kittles, Rick -- Parra, Esteban J -- Mangini, Nancy J -- Grunwald, David J -- Shriver, Mark D -- Canfield, Victor A -- Cheng, Keith C -- CA73935/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- EY11308/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- HD37572/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HD40179/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HG002154/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- HL077910/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- RR017441/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Dec 16;310(5755):1782-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Jake Gittlen Cancer Research Foundation, Department of Pathology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16357253" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: African Americans/genetics ; African Continental Ancestry Group/genetics ; Alanine/genetics ; Alleles ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antiporters/chemistry/*genetics/physiology ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group/genetics ; Biological Evolution ; Calcium/metabolism ; European Continental Ancestry Group/genetics ; Gene Frequency ; Genes ; Genetic Variation ; Haplotypes ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Ion Transport ; Melanins/analysis ; Melanosomes/chemistry/ultrastructure ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Multifactorial Inheritance ; Mutation ; Pigment Epithelium of Eye/chemistry/ultrastructure ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Selection, Genetic ; Skin Pigmentation/*genetics ; Threonine/genetics ; Zebrafish/embryology/*genetics/metabolism ; Zebrafish Proteins/chemistry/*genetics/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Ebola virus entry requires the cholesterol transporter Niemann-Pick C1 (2011)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-26
    Description: Infections by the Ebola and Marburg filoviruses cause a rapidly fatal haemorrhagic fever in humans for which no approved antivirals are available. Filovirus entry is mediated by the viral spike glycoprotein (GP), which attaches viral particles to the cell surface, delivers them to endosomes and catalyses fusion between viral and endosomal membranes. Additional host factors in the endosomal compartment are probably required for viral membrane fusion; however, despite considerable efforts, these critical host factors have defied molecular identification. Here we describe a genome-wide haploid genetic screen in human cells to identify host factors required for Ebola virus entry. Our screen uncovered 67 mutations disrupting all six members of the homotypic fusion and vacuole protein-sorting (HOPS) multisubunit tethering complex, which is involved in the fusion of endosomes to lysosomes, and 39 independent mutations that disrupt the endo/lysosomal cholesterol transporter protein Niemann-Pick C1 (NPC1). Cells defective for the HOPS complex or NPC1 function, including primary fibroblasts derived from human Niemann-Pick type C1 disease patients, are resistant to infection by Ebola virus and Marburg virus, but remain fully susceptible to a suite of unrelated viruses. We show that membrane fusion mediated by filovirus glycoproteins and viral escape from the vesicular compartment require the NPC1 protein, independent of its known function in cholesterol transport. Our findings uncover unique features of the entry pathway used by filoviruses and indicate potential antiviral strategies to combat these deadly agents.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3175325/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3175325/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carette, Jan E -- Raaben, Matthijs -- Wong, Anthony C -- Herbert, Andrew S -- Obernosterer, Gregor -- Mulherkar, Nirupama -- Kuehne, Ana I -- Kranzusch, Philip J -- Griffin, April M -- Ruthel, Gordon -- Dal Cin, Paola -- Dye, John M -- Whelan, Sean P -- Chandran, Kartik -- Brummelkamp, Thijn R -- AI081842/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI081842/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI081842-03/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI088027/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI088027-03/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R21 HG004938/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R21 HG004938-01/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- T32 AI070117/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM007288/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- U54 AI057159/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U54 AI057159-09/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2011 Aug 24;477(7364):340-3. doi: 10.1038/nature10348.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Nine Cambridge Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21866103" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Transport ; Carrier Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cholesterol/*metabolism ; Ebolavirus/*physiology ; Endosomes/metabolism ; Fibroblasts/metabolism/pathology/virology ; Genome, Human/genetics ; Glycoproteins/metabolism ; Haploidy ; Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola/drug therapy/metabolism ; Host-Pathogen Interactions/genetics ; Humans ; Lysosomes/metabolism ; Marburg Virus Disease/drug therapy/metabolism ; Marburgvirus/physiology ; Membrane Fusion/genetics/physiology ; Membrane Glycoproteins/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Multiprotein Complexes/chemistry/deficiency/genetics/metabolism ; Mutation/genetics ; Niemann-Pick Diseases/pathology/virology ; Receptors, Virus/metabolism ; Viral Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; *Virus Internalization
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nuclear magnetic resonance study of norbornene end-capped polyimides. 2. Solution and solid-state carbon-13 study of 2NE/MDA and PMR polymerization (1981)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 14 (1981), S. 832-836 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma50004a070
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nuclear magnetic resonance study of norbornene end-capped polyimides. 1. Polymerization of N-phenylnadimide (1981)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 14 (1981), S. 825-831 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma50004a069
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Restriction fragment length polymorphisms associated with factor VIII: C gene in Chinese (1988)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 79 (1988), S. 128-131 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Twenty-six unrelated hemophilia A and 70 unrelated normal chromosomes in 184 subjects were studied to determine the frequencies of intragenic and intergenic restriction fragment length polymorphisms associated with the factor VIII:C gene. The incidences for positive BclI and BglI polymorphic sites in the Chinese were 82% and 100%, respectively. Both were higher than in other ethnic groups, while the incidence for XbaI polymorphism was 57%, which is similar to that reported in Caucasians. Using the St 14.1 probe, two polymorphic TaqI allelic systems in the DXS52 region were detectable, with heterozygous rates of 0.712 (for system I, alleles 1 to 8) and 0.495 (for system II, α and β alleles), respectively. Thus, using a combination of four polymorphisms, it would be possible to offer carrier detection or prenatal diagnosis in 96% of Chinese females at risk.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00280550
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cold Plasma Synthesis of Poly(ethylene glycol)-like Layers on Stainless-Steel Surfaces to Reduce Attachment and Biofilm Formation by Listeria monocytogenes (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 68 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-like structures were generated on stainless steel under di(ethylene glycol) vinyl ether (DiEGVE) radio frequency-plasma environments. Electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicated a PEG-like deposition, which was stable to cleaning, sanitizing, and storage for up to 2 mo. Atomic force microscopy and water contact angle analysis indicated that the modified stainless-steel surfaces were less rough and more hydrophilic than the unmodified surfaces. Listeria monocytogenes attachment and biofilm formation on modified surfaces decreased more than 90% compared with the unmodified stainless steel (P 〈 0.01). DiEGVE cold plasma was demonstrated to be a promising technique to reduce bacterial contamination on surfaces encountered in food-processing environments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2003.tb05803.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solid transportation in the feeding zone of intermeshing co-rotating twin-screw extruders (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of polymer research 7 (2000), S. 135-147 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8935
    Keywords: Twin-screw ; Extrusion ; Solid conveying ; Polymer processing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A mathematical model was proposed for the characteristics of solid transportation in the feeding zone of an intermeshing co-rotating twin screw extruder. The model was based on the observations made from a “transparent” extruder. The analysis considered optimal solid conveyed with maximum throughput rate, i.e., when the upper and lower intermeshing zones, and the two sides of the screws were all partially filled with solid resin to an extent that a slight increase in the solid filling would immediately cause blocking of the solid transportation. Because of these starve-fed characteristics, the conventional approach for analysing solid feeding used in single-screw extruders was inadequate for twin-screw extruders. This paper also suggests a solution for the mathematical expressions describing the stress and velocity fields in the solid feeding zone of a twin-screw extruder. Finally, the predicted values are compared with our experimental findings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10965-006-0113-0
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of temperature and load on the melt index of LDPE/LLDPE blends of different blend ratios (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 30 (1995), S. 5672-5680 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The temperature, load and blend ratio effects on the melt index of low density polyethylene (LDPE) /linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) blends were studied. The experimental results suggested that the correlation between overall melt index and blend ratio of LDPE/LLDPE blends was governed by a log-linear relationship. This relationship, in turn, offered a simple method for the estimation of the melt index of LDPE/LLDPE blends with minimum experimental work. The results of the temperature effect indicated that if blending was for improving processability, the sensitivity of the melt index of LDPE should then be less than that of LLDPE; whereas, the reverse sensitivity of melt index to temperature was for improving properties of end products. It was shown that melt index increased with increasing applied load. The compressibility characteristics of the polymer melt was thought to account for the susceptibility of melt index to the applied load. Two distinct melting peaks were obtained from the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermograms. This suggested that compatibility was not responsible for the effects shown by the factors studied in this work.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00356704
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Air transmission rate of blended polyethylene (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 14 (1995), S. 526-528 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00665923
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  • 10
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    Mutation of the ATP-gated P2X2 receptor leads to progressive hearing loss and increased susceptibility to noise (2013)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-01-23
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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