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  • 1
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    Search for massive neutrinos in the decay π→eν (2011)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-09-07
    Description: Author(s): M. Aoki, M. Blecher, D. A. Bryman, S. Chen, M. Ding, L. Doria, P. Gumplinger, C. Hurst, A. Hussein, Y. Igarashi, N. Ito, S. H. Kettell, L. Kurchaninov, L. Littenberg, C. Malbrunot, T. Numao, R. Poutissou, A. Sher, T. Sullivan, D. Vavilov, K. Yamada, and M. Yoshida (PIENU Collaboration) Evidence of massive neutrinos in the π + → e + ν decay spectrum was sought with the background π + → μ + → e + decay chain highly suppressed. Upper limits (90% C.L.) on the neutrino mixing matrix element | U e i | 2 in the neutrino mass region 60–129  MeV/ c 2 were set at the level of 10 -8 . [Phys. Rev. D 84, 052002] Published Tue Sep 06, 2011
    Keywords: Experiment
    Print ISSN: 0556-2821
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-4918
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 2
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    Requirement for Tec kinases Rlk and Itk in T cell receptor signaling and immunity (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-04-24
    Description: T cell receptor (TCR) signaling requires activation of Zap-70 and Src family tyrosine kinases, but requirements for other tyrosine kinases are less clear. Combined deletion in mice of two Tec kinases, Rlk and Itk, caused marked defects in TCR responses including proliferation, cytokine production, and apoptosis in vitro and adaptive immune responses to Toxoplasma gondii in vivo. Molecular events immediately downstream from the TCR were intact in rlk-/-itk-/- cells, but intermediate events including inositol trisphosphate production, calcium mobilization, and mitogen-activated protein kinase activation were impaired, establishing Tec kinases as critical regulators of TCR signaling required for phospholipase C-gamma activation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schaeffer, E M -- Debnath, J -- Yap, G -- McVicar, D -- Liao, X C -- Littman, D R -- Sher, A -- Varmus, H E -- Lenardo, M J -- Schwartzberg, P L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Apr 23;284(5414):638-41.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉National Human Genome Research Institute, National Cancer Institute, National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10213685" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Apoptosis ; CD4-CD8 Ratio ; Calcium Signaling ; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Diglycerides/metabolism ; Gene Targeting ; Inositol Phosphates/metabolism ; Interferon-gamma/biosynthesis ; Interleukin-2/biosynthesis/pharmacology ; Isoenzymes/metabolism ; Killer Cells, Natural/immunology ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Mice ; Mutation ; Phospholipase C gamma ; Phosphorylation ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/genetics/*metabolism ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/*metabolism ; *Signal Transduction ; T-Lymphocytes/*enzymology/*immunology ; Toxoplasmosis, Animal/immunology ; Type C Phospholipases/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    A critical role for IL-21 in regulating immunoglobulin production (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-11-26
    Description: The cytokine interleukin-21 (IL-21) is closely related to IL-2 and IL-15, and their receptors all share the common cytokine receptor gamma chain, gammac, which is mutated in humans with X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency disease (XSCID). We demonstrate that, although mice deficient in the receptor for IL-21 (IL-21R) have normal lymphoid development, after immunization, these animals have higher production of the immunoglobulin IgE, but lower IgG1, than wild-type animals. Mice lacking both IL-4 and IL-21R exhibited a significantly more pronounced phenotype, with dysgammaglobulinemia, characterized primarily by a severely impaired IgG response. Thus, IL-21 has a significant influence on the regulation of B cell function in vivo and cooperates with IL-4. This suggests that these gammac-dependent cytokines may be those whose inactivation is primarily responsible for the B cell defect in humans with XSCID.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ozaki, Katsutoshi -- Spolski, Rosanne -- Feng, Carl G -- Qi, Chen-Feng -- Cheng, Jun -- Sher, Alan -- Morse, Herbert C 3rd -- Liu, Chengyu -- Schwartzberg, Pamela L -- Leonard, Warren J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Nov 22;298(5598):1630-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1674, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12446913" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibody-Producing Cells/immunology ; B-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Cells, Cultured ; Gene Targeting ; Genetic Diseases, X-Linked/immunology ; Humans ; Immunization ; Immunoglobulin E/*biosynthesis ; Immunoglobulin G/*biosynthesis ; Immunoglobulins/biosynthesis ; Immunologic Memory ; Interferon-gamma/biosynthesis ; Interleukin-21 Receptor alpha Subunit ; Interleukin-4/biosynthesis/physiology ; Interleukins/*physiology ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Receptors, Interleukin/genetics/metabolism ; Receptors, Interleukin-21 ; Severe Combined Immunodeficiency/immunology ; Signal Transduction ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Toxoplasmosis, Animal/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Functional connectivity in the retina at the resolution of photoreceptors (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2010-10-12
    Description: To understand a neural circuit requires knowledge of its connectivity. Here we report measurements of functional connectivity between the input and ouput layers of the macaque retina at single-cell resolution and the implications of these for colour vision. Multi-electrode technology was used to record simultaneously from complete populations of the retinal ganglion cell types (midget, parasol and small bistratified) that transmit high-resolution visual signals to the brain. Fine-grained visual stimulation was used to identify the location, type and strength of the functional input of each cone photoreceptor to each ganglion cell. The populations of ON and OFF midget and parasol cells each sampled the complete population of long- and middle-wavelength-sensitive cones. However, only OFF midget cells frequently received strong input from short-wavelength-sensitive cones. ON and OFF midget cells showed a small non-random tendency to selectively sample from either long- or middle-wavelength-sensitive cones to a degree not explained by clumping in the cone mosaic. These measurements reveal computations in a neural circuit at the elementary resolution of individual neurons.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2953734/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2953734/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Field, Greg D -- Gauthier, Jeffrey L -- Sher, Alexander -- Greschner, Martin -- Machado, Timothy A -- Jepson, Lauren H -- Shlens, Jonathon -- Gunning, Deborah E -- Mathieson, Keith -- Dabrowski, Wladyslaw -- Paninski, Liam -- Litke, Alan M -- Chichilnisky, E J -- EY13150/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- F31 NS054519-01/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS054519-01/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 EY013150/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01 EY013150-05/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- T32 HD007430/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 Oct 7;467(7316):673-7. doi: 10.1038/nature09424.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Systems Neurobiology Laboratories, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20930838" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Color ; Color Perception/*physiology ; Color Vision/*physiology ; Light ; Macaca/*physiology ; Macaca fascicularis/physiology ; Macaca mulatta/physiology ; Models, Neurological ; Neural Pathways/*physiology ; Photic Stimulation ; Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells/*cytology/*physiology ; Retinal Ganglion Cells/cytology/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 5
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    Spatio-temporal correlations and visual signalling in a complete neuronal population (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2008-07-25
    Description: Statistical dependencies in the responses of sensory neurons govern both the amount of stimulus information conveyed and the means by which downstream neurons can extract it. Although a variety of measurements indicate the existence of such dependencies, their origin and importance for neural coding are poorly understood. Here we analyse the functional significance of correlated firing in a complete population of macaque parasol retinal ganglion cells using a model of multi-neuron spike responses. The model, with parameters fit directly to physiological data, simultaneously captures both the stimulus dependence and detailed spatio-temporal correlations in population responses, and provides two insights into the structure of the neural code. First, neural encoding at the population level is less noisy than one would expect from the variability of individual neurons: spike times are more precise, and can be predicted more accurately when the spiking of neighbouring neurons is taken into account. Second, correlations provide additional sensory information: optimal, model-based decoding that exploits the response correlation structure extracts 20% more information about the visual scene than decoding under the assumption of independence, and preserves 40% more visual information than optimal linear decoding. This model-based approach reveals the role of correlated activity in the retinal coding of visual stimuli, and provides a general framework for understanding the importance of correlated activity in populations of neurons.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2684455/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2684455/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pillow, Jonathan W -- Shlens, Jonathon -- Paninski, Liam -- Sher, Alexander -- Litke, Alan M -- Chichilnisky, E J -- Simoncelli, Eero P -- EY018003/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01 EY018003/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01 EY018003-01/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01 EY018003-02/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01 EY018003-03/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Aug 21;454(7207):995-9. doi: 10.1038/nature07140. Epub 2008 Jul 23.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Gatsby Computational Neuroscience Unit, UCL, 17 Queen Square, London WC1N 3AR, UK. pillow@gatsby.ucl.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18650810" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Macaca mulatta/*physiology ; *Models, Neurological ; Photic Stimulation ; Retinal Ganglion Cells/*physiology ; Time Factors ; Vision, Ocular/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Sequencing the nuclear genome of the extinct woolly mammoth (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2008-11-21
    Description: In 1994, two independent groups extracted DNA from several Pleistocene epoch mammoths and noted differences among individual specimens. Subsequently, DNA sequences have been published for a number of extinct species. However, such ancient DNA is often fragmented and damaged, and studies to date have typically focused on short mitochondrial sequences, never yielding more than a fraction of a per cent of any nuclear genome. Here we describe 4.17 billion bases (Gb) of sequence from several mammoth specimens, 3.3 billion (80%) of which are from the woolly mammoth (Mammuthus primigenius) genome and thus comprise an extensive set of genome-wide sequence from an extinct species. Our data support earlier reports that elephantid genomes exceed 4 Gb. The estimated divergence rate between mammoth and African elephant is half of that between human and chimpanzee. The observed number of nucleotide differences between two particular mammoths was approximately one-eighth of that between one of them and the African elephant, corresponding to a separation between the mammoths of 1.5-2.0 Myr. The estimated probability that orthologous elephant and mammoth amino acids differ is 0.002, corresponding to about one residue per protein. Differences were discovered between mammoth and African elephant in amino-acid positions that are otherwise invariant over several billion years of combined mammalian evolution. This study shows that nuclear genome sequencing of extinct species can reveal population differences not evident from the fossil record, and perhaps even discover genetic factors that affect extinction.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Miller, Webb -- Drautz, Daniela I -- Ratan, Aakrosh -- Pusey, Barbara -- Qi, Ji -- Lesk, Arthur M -- Tomsho, Lynn P -- Packard, Michael D -- Zhao, Fangqing -- Sher, Andrei -- Tikhonov, Alexei -- Raney, Brian -- Patterson, Nick -- Lindblad-Toh, Kerstin -- Lander, Eric S -- Knight, James R -- Irzyk, Gerard P -- Fredrikson, Karin M -- Harkins, Timothy T -- Sheridan, Sharon -- Pringle, Tom -- Schuster, Stephan C -- HG002238/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Nov 20;456(7220):387-90. doi: 10.1038/nature07446.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Pennsylvania State University, Center for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics, 310 Wartik Building, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA. webb@bx.psu.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19020620" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Africa ; Animals ; Cell Nucleus/*genetics ; Conserved Sequence/genetics ; Elephants/anatomy & histology/*genetics ; *Evolution, Molecular ; *Extinction, Biological ; Female ; *Fossils ; Genome/*genetics ; *Genomics ; Hair/metabolism ; Humans ; India ; Male ; Phylogeny ; Sequence Analysis, DNA/*methods
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Whole-genome shotgun sequencing of mitochondria from ancient hair shafts (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-09-29
    Description: Although the application of sequencing-by-synthesis techniques to DNA extracted from bones has revolutionized the study of ancient DNA, it has been plagued by large fractions of contaminating environmental DNA. The genetic analyses of hair shafts could be a solution: We present 10 previously unexamined Siberian mammoth (Mammuthus primigenius) mitochondrial genomes, sequenced with up to 48-fold coverage. The observed levels of damage-derived sequencing errors were lower than those observed in previously published frozen bone samples, even though one of the specimens was 〉50,000 14C years old and another had been stored for 200 years at room temperature. The method therefore sets the stage for molecular-genetic analysis of museum collections.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gilbert, M Thomas P -- Tomsho, Lynn P -- Rendulic, Snjezana -- Packard, Michael -- Drautz, Daniela I -- Sher, Andrei -- Tikhonov, Alexei -- Dalen, Love -- Kuznetsova, Tatyana -- Kosintsev, Pavel -- Campos, Paula F -- Higham, Thomas -- Collins, Matthew J -- Wilson, Andrew S -- Shidlovskiy, Fyodor -- Buigues, Bernard -- Ericson, Per G P -- Germonpre, Mietje -- Gotherstrom, Anders -- Iacumin, Paola -- Nikolaev, Vladimir -- Nowak-Kemp, Malgosia -- Willerslev, Eske -- Knight, James R -- Irzyk, Gerard P -- Perbost, Clotilde S -- Fredrikson, Karin M -- Harkins, Timothy T -- Sheridan, Sharon -- Miller, Webb -- Schuster, Stephan C -- HG002238/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Sep 28;317(5846):1927-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Centre for Ancient Genetics, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17901335" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bone and Bones/chemistry ; DNA Damage ; DNA, Mitochondrial/chemistry/genetics/*history ; Elephants/*genetics ; Genes, Mitochondrial ; *Genome ; *Hair/chemistry/ultrastructure ; History, Ancient ; Mitochondria/*genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Preservation, Biological ; *Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Siberia ; Temperature
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    TLR11 activation of dendritic cells by a protozoan profilin-like protein (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-04-30
    Description: Mammalian Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an important role in the innate recognition of pathogens by dendritic cells (DCs). Although TLRs are clearly involved in the detection of bacteria and viruses, relatively little is known about their function in the innate response to eukaryotic microorganisms. Here we identify a profilin-like molecule from the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii that generates a potent interleukin-12 (IL-12) response in murine DCs that is dependent on myeloid differentiation factor 88. T. gondii profilin activates DCs through TLR11 and is the first chemically defined ligand for this TLR. Moreover, TLR11 is required in vivo for parasite-induced IL-12 production and optimal resistance to infection, thereby establishing a role for the receptor in host recognition of protozoan pathogens.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yarovinsky, Felix -- Zhang, Dekai -- Andersen, John F -- Bannenberg, Gerard L -- Serhan, Charles N -- Hayden, Matthew S -- Hieny, Sara -- Sutterwala, Fayyaz S -- Flavell, Richard A -- Ghosh, Sankar -- Sher, Alan -- 1R01AI045806-01A1/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI05093/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01-AI59440/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01-GM38765/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Intramural NIH HHS/ -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jun 10;308(5728):1626-9. Epub 2005 Apr 28.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. fyarovinsky@niaid.nih.gov〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15860593" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; Amino Acid Motifs ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antigens, Differentiation/genetics/metabolism ; Contractile Proteins/chemistry/*immunology/isolation & purification/metabolism ; Dendritic Cells/*immunology ; Genes, Protozoan ; Immunity, Innate ; Interleukin-12/biosynthesis/blood ; Ligands ; Membrane Glycoproteins/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Microfilament Proteins/chemistry/*immunology/isolation & purification/metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88 ; NF-kappa B/metabolism ; Profilins ; Protozoan Proteins/chemistry/*immunology/isolation & purification/metabolism ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*metabolism ; Receptors, Immunologic/genetics/metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins/immunology ; Signal Transduction ; Toll-Like Receptors ; Toxoplasma/genetics/*immunology ; Toxoplasmosis, Animal/*immunology ; Transfection
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Species-specific responses of Late Quaternary megafauna to climate and humans (2011)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2011-11-04
    Description: Despite decades of research, the roles of climate and humans in driving the dramatic extinctions of large-bodied mammals during the Late Quaternary period remain contentious. Here we use ancient DNA, species distribution models and the human fossil record to elucidate how climate and humans shaped the demographic history of woolly rhinoceros, woolly mammoth, wild horse, reindeer, bison and musk ox. We show that climate has been a major driver of population change over the past 50,000 years. However, each species responds differently to the effects of climatic shifts, habitat redistribution and human encroachment. Although climate change alone can explain the extinction of some species, such as Eurasian musk ox and woolly rhinoceros, a combination of climatic and anthropogenic effects appears to be responsible for the extinction of others, including Eurasian steppe bison and wild horse. We find no genetic signature or any distinctive range dynamics distinguishing extinct from surviving species, emphasizing the challenges associated with predicting future responses of extant mammals to climate and human-mediated habitat change.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4070744/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4070744/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lorenzen, Eline D -- Nogues-Bravo, David -- Orlando, Ludovic -- Weinstock, Jaco -- Binladen, Jonas -- Marske, Katharine A -- Ugan, Andrew -- Borregaard, Michael K -- Gilbert, M Thomas P -- Nielsen, Rasmus -- Ho, Simon Y W -- Goebel, Ted -- Graf, Kelly E -- Byers, David -- Stenderup, Jesper T -- Rasmussen, Morten -- Campos, Paula F -- Leonard, Jennifer A -- Koepfli, Klaus-Peter -- Froese, Duane -- Zazula, Grant -- Stafford, Thomas W Jr -- Aaris-Sorensen, Kim -- Batra, Persaram -- Haywood, Alan M -- Singarayer, Joy S -- Valdes, Paul J -- Boeskorov, Gennady -- Burns, James A -- Davydov, Sergey P -- Haile, James -- Jenkins, Dennis L -- Kosintsev, Pavel -- Kuznetsova, Tatyana -- Lai, Xulong -- Martin, Larry D -- McDonald, H Gregory -- Mol, Dick -- Meldgaard, Morten -- Munch, Kasper -- Stephan, Elisabeth -- Sablin, Mikhail -- Sommer, Robert S -- Sipko, Taras -- Scott, Eric -- Suchard, Marc A -- Tikhonov, Alexei -- Willerslev, Rane -- Wayne, Robert K -- Cooper, Alan -- Hofreiter, Michael -- Sher, Andrei -- Shapiro, Beth -- Rahbek, Carsten -- Willerslev, Eske -- R01 HG003229/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2011 Nov 2;479(7373):359-64. doi: 10.1038/nature10574.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Centre for GeoGenetics, University of Copenhagen, Oster Voldgade 5-7, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22048313" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bayes Theorem ; *Biota ; Bison ; Climate Change/*history ; DNA, Mitochondrial/analysis/genetics ; Europe ; *Extinction, Biological ; Fossils ; Genetic Variation ; Geography ; History, Ancient ; Horses ; Human Activities/*history ; Humans ; Mammals/genetics/*physiology ; Mammoths ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Population Dynamics ; Reindeer ; Siberia ; Species Specificity ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    The translational landscape of mTOR signalling steers cancer initiation and metastasis (2012)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-03-01
    Description: The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase is a master regulator of protein synthesis that couples nutrient sensing to cell growth and cancer. However, the downstream translationally regulated nodes of gene expression that may direct cancer development are poorly characterized. Using ribosome profiling, we uncover specialized translation of the prostate cancer genome by oncogenic mTOR signalling, revealing a remarkably specific repertoire of genes involved in cell proliferation, metabolism and invasion. We extend these findings by functionally characterizing a class of translationally controlled pro-invasion messenger RNAs that we show direct prostate cancer invasion and metastasis downstream of oncogenic mTOR signalling. Furthermore, we develop a clinically relevant ATP site inhibitor of mTOR, INK128, which reprograms this gene expression signature with therapeutic benefit for prostate cancer metastasis, for which there is presently no cure. Together, these findings extend our understanding of how the 'cancerous' translation machinery steers specific cancer cell behaviours, including metastasis, and may be therapeutically targeted.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3663483/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3663483/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hsieh, Andrew C -- Liu, Yi -- Edlind, Merritt P -- Ingolia, Nicholas T -- Janes, Matthew R -- Sher, Annie -- Shi, Evan Y -- Stumpf, Craig R -- Christensen, Carly -- Bonham, Michael J -- Wang, Shunyou -- Ren, Pingda -- Martin, Michael -- Jessen, Katti -- Feldman, Morris E -- Weissman, Jonathan S -- Shokat, Kevan M -- Rommel, Christian -- Ruggero, Davide -- R01 CA140456/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA154916/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2012 Feb 22;485(7396):55-61. doi: 10.1038/nature10912.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Medicine and Department of Urology, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California 94158, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22367541" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism ; Animals ; Benzoxazoles/pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Movement/drug effects/genetics ; Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4E/metabolism ; Eukaryotic Initiation Factors/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects/genetics ; Genome/genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Neoplasm Invasiveness/genetics ; *Neoplasm Metastasis/drug therapy/genetics ; Phosphoproteins/metabolism ; Prostatic Neoplasms/drug therapy/genetics/*pathology ; *Protein Biosynthesis ; Pyrimidines/pharmacology ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; Repressor Proteins/metabolism ; *Signal Transduction ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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