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  • Organic Chemistry  (1,351)
  • 1980-1984  (1,351)
  • 1945-1949
  • 1925-1929
  • 1983  (682)
  • 1980  (669)
Collection
Publisher
Years
  • 1980-1984  (1,351)
  • 1945-1949
  • 1925-1929
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 535-556 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Cyclitol Reactions, VIII. - Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure (+)-Lycoricidine from D-GlucoseThe synthesis of enantiomerically pure (+)-lycoricidine (1) from D-glucose is described. The key reaction step is the addition of the aromatic anion 31 to the nitroolefin sugar 18 which gives the branched-chain sugars 32 and 33. After liberation of the aldehyde function of 32 and intramolecular aldol addition, 32 yields the lacton 35, a branched-chain nitroinositol with muco configuration. Reduction of the nitro group yields the amine 38 and rearrangement the lactam 40. Selective benzoylation to 43 followed by dehydration gives 47 which allows deblocking to (+)-lycoricidine (1). (+)-Lycoricidine (1) and its triacetate 49 are identical with the natural product.
    Notes: Die Synthese von enantiomerenreinem (+)-Lycoricidin (1) aus D-Glucose wird beschrieben. Der Schlüsselschritt der Reaktionsfolge ist die Addition des aromatischen Anions 31 an den Nitroolefin-Zucker 18, der zu den verzweigten Nitrozuckern 32 und 33 führt. Durch intramolekulare Aldolreaktion ist nach Freisetzung der Aldehydgruppe in 32 über 34 das Lacton 35 erhältlich, das einen verzweigten Nitroinosit der muco-Konfiguration enthält. Die Reduktion der Nitrogruppe in 35 führt zur Aminoverbindung 38, deren Lactongruppierung in das Lactam 40 umgelagert werden kann. Das aus 40 durch selektive Benzoylierung erhältliche Tribenzoat 43 ergibt durch Eliminierung von Wasser das Derivat 47, aus dem freies (+)-Lycoricidin (1) gewonnen werden kann. (+)-Lycoricidin (1) und dessen Triacetat 49 sind mit dem Naturprodukt identisch.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 575-584 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Aminonucleosides, XI. - Bis(trimethy ammonio) Derivatives of AdenosineA five-step reaction starting from the aminonucleosides 1a or 1b yields the bis(trimethylammonio) derivatives 3′-trimethylammonio-6-[3-(trimethylammonio)propylamino]-3′-deoxyadenosine (8a) and 5′-trimethylammonio-6-[2-(trimethylammonio)ethylamino]-5′-deoxyadenosine (8b), respectively. The new compounds are biologically active and have muscle relaxing properties.
    Notes: Ausgehend von den Aminonucleosiden 1a und 1b wird in einer Fünf-Stufen-Reaktion die Synthese der Bis(trimethylammonio)-Derivate 3′-Trimethylammonio-6-[-3-(trimethylammonio)propylamino]-3′-desoxyadenosin (8a) und 5′-Trimethylammonio-6-[2-(trimethylammonio)ethylamino]-5′-desoxy-adenosin (8b) beschrieben. Die neuen Verbindungen sind biologisch aktiv und besitzen muskel-relaxierende Eigenschaften.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Reaction of Acylaminobromomalonates and Acylaminobromoacetates with Trialkylphosphites - A Simple Synthesis of Ethyl 2-Amino-2-(diethoxyphosphoryl)acetateDepending on the reaction conditions acylaminobromomalonates 1 and trialkylphosphites yield either 5-alkoxyoxazoles 7, 2-[acyl(dialkoxyphosphoryl)amino]malonates 8, or 2-acylamino-2-(dialkoxyphosphoryl)malonates 2. N-Acylglycin esters 9 can be converted into the corresponding α-bromo derivatives 10 by treatment with bromine or N-bromosuccinimide. Treatment of 10 with trialkylphosphites yields 2-acylamino-2-(dialkoxyphosphoryl)acetates 12. Removal of the protecting groups from the Boc or trichloroethoxycarbonyl derivatives 12g and 12h, respectively, leads to ethyl 2-amino-2-(diethoxyphosphoryl)acetate (11). Reaction of 10a with triphenylphosphane yields the phosphonium salt 14a which is converted into the 2,3-bis(benzoylamino)fumarate 18 by action of base.
    Notes: In Abhängigkeit von den Reaktionsbedingungen liefern Acylaminobrommalonester 1 mit Trialkylphosphiten entweder 5-Alkoxyoxazole 7, 2-[Acyl(dialkoxyphosphoryl)amino]malonester 8 oder 2-Acylamino-2-(dialkoxyphosphoryl)malonester 2. N-Acylglycinester 9 können mit Brom oder N-Bromsuccinimid in die α-Bromderivate 10 übergeführt werden, die mit Trialkylphosphiten glatt die 2-Acylamino-2-(dialkoxyphosphoryl)essigester 12 ergeben. Durch Entfernen der Schutzgruppen aus den Boc- und Trichlorethoxycarbonyl-Derivaten 12g und 12h ist 2-Amino-2-(diethoxyphosphoryl)essigsäure-ethylester (11) zugänglich. Das durch Umsetzung von 10a mit Triphenylphosphan erhältliche Phosphoniumsalz 14a erleidet bei Baseneinwirkung eine Dimerisierung zum 2,3-(Bisbenzoylamino)fumarat 18.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Organic Peroxides, XXV. - The Reactivity of Benzylic Methyl Groups at the Barton Type Cyclization of Organic HydroperoxidesOn the earlier reported cyclization conditions [lead(IV) acetate, n-pentane, cyclization apparatus] the hydroperoxides 1a-d yield the 2,3-dioxabenzocyclooctenes 3a, 3b and 2,3-dioxabenzocyclononenes 3c, 3d as well as the 1,2-dioxolanes 4a, 4b and 1,2-dioxanes 4c, 4d, respectively. Starting from the hydroperoxide 2 the 1,2-dioxolane 7 is the only cyclic peroxide obtained. The symmetric and the unsymmetric dialkyl peroxides 5, 6, 8, and 9 are obtained in all cases. - On the reaction of the hydroperoxides 1a, 1c, and 1d in acetic acid the cyclization is reduced to a very small extent. the symmetric dialkyl peroxides 5a, 5c, and 5d and the alkyl methyl peroxides 10a, 10c, and 10d are obtained in low yields. - The relatively high yields of the peroxides 3 are discussed on the basis of stereo-electronic effects.
    Notes: Unter den früher angegebenen Cyclisierungsbedingungen [Blei(IV)-acetat, n-Pentan, Cyclisierungsapparatur] ergeben die Hydroperoxide 1a - d die 2,3-Dioxobenzocyclooctene 3a, 3b und 2,3-Dioxabenzocyclononene 3c, 3d sowie die 1,2-Dioxotane 4a, 4b und 1,2-Dioxane 4c, 4d. Das Hydroperoxid 2 ergibt als cyclisches Peroxid ausschließlich das 1,2-Dioxolan 7. Daneben werden symmetrische sowie unsymmetrische Dialkylperoxide (5, 6, 8, 9) erhalten. - Bei der Reaktion der Hydroperoxide 1a, 1c und 1d in Essigsäure wird die Cyclisierung fast vollständig zurückgedrängt; in geringen Mengen werden die symmetrischen Dialkylperoxide (5a, 5c, 5d) sowie auch (Alkyl)(methyl)peroxide (10a, 10c, 10d) nachgewiesen bzw. isoliert. - Die relativ hohen Ausbeuten an den Peroxiden 3 werden diskutiert und durch stereo-elektronische Effekte erklärt.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Multistep, Reversible Redox Systems, XXXIII. - Reversible Transformation of a [4]Radialene into a Cyclobutadiene by Electron Transfer in Four StepsTetrapyridylcyclobutane 1 forms with chloroformate after deprotonation the red [4]radialene derivative 2aREDc which is oxidized by AgBF4 to the blue “squaric acid” derivative 2aOXc ≡ REDa, possessing cyanine type structure. The radialene 2aREDc constitutes the lowest oxidation level of a four-step, reversible redox system which allows for the first time to carry out electrochemically the reversible transformation [4]radialene ⇄ cyclobutadiene (here: 2aOXa). The redox properties of the system 2a (〉N-CO2Et) are compared with that of 2b (〉N-Me). The influence of the pyridinium substituents on the redox potentials is estimated by comparison with the model compounds 5a and 5b. From the conversion 2aSEMa → 2aOXa + e an antiaromatization energy of ca. 12 kcal/mol = 50 kJ/mol is derived. This value and the method employed is compared with those in the literature. Finally, the redox properties of the related [4]radialenes 2a, 2b, 9, and 10 are discussed, covering a 3.50 V range of potentials.
    Notes: Aus Tetrapyridylcyclobutan 1 und Chlorameisensäureester entsteht unter Deprotonierung das rote [4]Radialenderivat 2aREDc, das sich mit AgBF4, zum blauen, cyaninartigen “Quadratsäure”. Derivat 2aOXc ≡ REDa oxidieren läßt. 2aREDc ist das Endglied eines vierstufigen, reversiblen Redoxsystems, mit dem erstmals die Umwandlung [4]Radialen ⇄ Cyclobutadien (hier 2aOXa) elektrochemisch möglich ist. Das Redoxverhalten des Systems 2a (〉N-CO2Et) wird mit dem von 2b (〉N-Me) verglichen. Durch Abschätzung des Einflusses der Pyridinium-Substituenten auf die Potentiallage anhand der Modelle 5a und 5b wird aus dem Übergang 2aSEMa → 2aOXa + e die Antiaromatisierungsenergie dieses Cyclobutadiens zu ca. 12 kcal/mol = 50 kJ/mol abgeschätzt. Dieser Wert und die angewandte Methode werden mit Literaturergebnissen verglichen. Schließlich wird das Redoxverhalten der verwandten Radialene 2a, 2b, 9 und 10 diskutiert, das einen Potentialbereich von 3.50 V umfaßt.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 687-694 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Conjugation in Macrocyclic Systems, XXXI. - Isomeric Naphtho[14]annulenes with 1,2- and 2,3-AnnellationFor the syntheses of naphtho[1,2-α][14]annulene (1) and naphtho[2,3-α][14]annulene (2) the 1,2- and 2,3-di(1-hexen-5-ynyl)naphthalenes 4 and 8, respectively, were prepared. Cyclisation of 4 and 8 by oxidative coupling yielded 5 and 9, respectively, the prototropic isomerisation of which led to 1 and 2, respectively. - On the basis of 1H NMR spectra structure 1B was assigned to 1 whereas the different annellation type 2A was proven for 2. 1B shows fairly strong diatropicity in the [14]annulene system; no evidence for diatropicity was found, however, for the 2,3-annellated isomer 2A.
    Notes: Zur Synthese von Naphtho[1,2-α][14]annulen (1) und Naphtho[2,3-α][14]annulene (2) wurden die 1,2- und 2,3-Di(1-hexen-5-inyl)naphthaline 4 und 8 dargestellt. Cyclisierung von 4 und 8 durch oxidative Kupplung ergab 5 bzw. 9, deren prototrope Isomerisierung zu 1 bzw. 2 dagegen die symmetrische Struktur 2A. 1B zeigt mäßig starke Diatropie im [14]Annulen-System, während für 2A keine Diatropie nachzuweisen ist.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Reactions of Trialkylsilyl Trifluoromethanesulfonates, II. - Synthesis of O-Alkyl-O-(trialkylsily1)ketene Acetals and 2-(Trialkylsilyl)carboxylatesAlkyl carboxylates 2 are silylated by trialkylsilyl triflates 1 in the presence of triethylamine (3) to yield ketene acetals 4. In reactions of the esters 6 mixtures of ketene acetals 7 and at the α-carbon silylated esters 8 are obtained. Ethanoic acid esters and lactones are doubly silylated to give the products 11, 12, and 15, respectively. Under suitable conditions silylation of the esters 10 gives rise to the 2-trimethylsilylethanoic acid esters 13. The thermodynamically more stable products are obtained. Product distributions depend on the structure of the esters and the silylating agents 1.
    Notes: Durch Silylierung mit Trialkylsilyltriflaten 1 in Gegenwart von Triethylamin (3) erhält man aus Carbonsäureestern 2 die Ketenacetale 4, die Ester 6 ergeben Gemische aus Ketenacetalen 7 und am α-Kohlenstoffatom silylierten Estern 8. Ethansäureester 10 und Lactone 14 werden durch 1/3 zweifach zu den Produkten 11, 12 bzw. 15 silyliert. Unter geeigneten Bedingungen können 2-(Trimethylsilyl)ethansäureester 13 aus den Estern 10 gewonnen werden. Es resultieren die thermodynamisch stabilen Produkte. Die Abhängigkeit der Produktverteilung von der Struktur der Reaktionspartner wird diskutiert.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 1020-1030 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Dimeric Naphthoquinones, VII. - Synthesis of Rotundiquinone and 2,3′-Bijuglone via Halogenated BinaphthyldiquinonesAn improved synthesis of the unsymmetric quinoid-quinoid cross-linked [2,3′-binaphthyl]diquinones rotundiquinone (3a) and 2,3′-bijuglone (3c) was achieved by demethylation followed by hydrogenolytic dehalogenation starting from the monobromo derivatives 14a and 14c. Synthesis and properties of some more halogenated bijuglones are described.
    Notes: Eine verbesserte Synthese der unsymmetrisch über die chinoiden Ringe verknüpften [2,3′-Binaphthyl]dichinone Rotundichinon (3a) und 2,3′-Bijuglon (3c) geht von den leicht zugänglichen Monobromderivaten 14a und 14c aus, die sich glatt entmethylieren und anschließend hydrogenolytisch enthalogenieren lassen. Synthesen und Eigenschaften weiterer halogenierter Bijuglone werden beschrieben.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 1043-1046 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Attempts on N-Amination of AlkaloidsSpiro[cyclohexane-1,3′-oxaziridine] (1) and ephedrine (4) react with N-N-bond formation to give the cyclic hydrazine derivative 6. Compound 1 also reacts with the hydroxytetrahydropapaverine 9a with N-N-bond formation; the reaction product undergoes C-C-cleavage under the action of acid and forms the hydrazonium salt 10.
    Notes: Spiro[cyclohexan-1,3′-oxaziridin] (1) reagiert mit Ephedrin (4) unter N-N-Knüpfung zu dem cyclischen Hydrazinderivat 6. Das Hydroxytetrahydropapaverin 9a reagiert mit 1 ebenfalls glatt unter N-N-Knüpfung; das Reaktionsprodukt erleidet durch Säure unter C-C-Spaltung Umlagerung zum Hydrazoniumsalz 10.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 1047-1072 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Building Units of Oligosaccharides, XLVII. - Synthesis of Tri- and Tetrasaccharide Sequences of N-Glycoproteins Including a β-D-Mannosidic LinkageThe trisaccharides α-D-Man-p-(1 → 6)-β-D-Man-p-(1 → 4)-D-GlcNAc (37) and α-D-Man-p-(1 → 3)-β-D-Man-p-(1 → 4)-D-GlcNAc (43) as well as the key tetrasaccharide α-D-Man-p-(1 → 3)-[α-Man-p-(1 → 6)]-β-D-Man-p-(1 → 4)-D-GlcNAc (51), which are parts of the carbohydrate chain of N-glycoproteins, have been synthesized. In this case the most important reaction is the direct synthesis of a β-mannoside linkage of D-mannos with 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose. This problem has been solved by coupling of the halide 10 with the hydroxy component 14 in the presence of silver silicate which leads to the disaccharide 17. The product 17 is the fundamental compound for building up more complexed oligosaccharides.
    Notes: Die im Kohlenhydrat-Teil von N-Glycoproteinen enthaltenen Trisaccharide α-D-Man-p-(1 → 6)-β-D-Man-p-(1 → 4)-D-GlcNAc (37) und α-D-Man-p-(1 → 3)-β-D-Man-p-(1 → 4)-D-GlcNAc (43) und das Schlüsseltetrasaccharid α-D-Man-p-(1 → 3)-[α-D-Man-p-(1 → 6)]-β-D-Man-p-(1 → 4)-D-GlcNAc (51) wurden synthetisiert. Die wichtigste Reaktion ist hierbei die direkte Herstellung der β-D-mannosidischen Verknüpfung zwischen D-Mannose und 2-Acetamido-2-desoxy-D-glucose. Die Verknüpfung gelingt durch Umsetzung des Halogenids 10 und der Hydroxylkomponente 14 mit Hilfe des Silbersilicat-Verfahrens zum Disaccharid 17. Das Produkt 17 ist die Schlüsselsubstanz für alle weiteren Aufbaureaktionen zu höheren Oligosacchariden.
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  • 11
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Antibiotics from Gliding bacteria, XV. - Myxalamides A, B, C, and D, a Group o Homologous Antibiotics from Myxococcus xanthus Mx x12 (Myxobacterales)A new antibiotic complex, called myxalamides, was isolated from the cells of Myxococcus xanthus Mx x12 (GBF). After preliminary purification using florisil the myxalamides were separated by reversed-phase chromatography to give four components. The spectroscopic investigation of the main component, myxalamide B (1), revealed the structure of an alaninol amide with a highly unsaturated, branched fatty acid. The xyxalamides A (3), C(4) D(5) are amides of homologous fatty acids and alaninol.
    Notes: Aus den Zellen von Myxococcus xanthus Mx x12 (GBF) wurde ein neuer Antibiotika-Komplex, genannt Myxalamide, isoliert. Nach Vorreinigung an Florisil wurden die myxalamide durch chromatographie an einer Umkehrphase in vier Komponenten aufgetrennt. Die spektroskopische Untersuchung der Hauptkomponente, Myxalamid B (1), ergibt die Struktur eines Alaninolamids mit einer verzweigten, hohungesättigten Fettsäure. Die Myxalamide A (3), C(4) und D(5) sind Amide aus homologen Fettsäuren und Alaninol.
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  • 12
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Syntheses with Nitriles, LXVIII. - 4-Dicyanomethylene-1,4-Dihydropyrimidines and Pyrido [4,3-d]pyrimidine-8-carbonitriles from EnaminonitrilesReaction of “dimeric malononitrile” (1a) or 3-amino-2-cyano-crotononitrile (1b) with dimethyl-formamide dimethyl acetal gives the biscondensation products 2. Subsequent treatment of 2a with ammonia and 2b with primary aliphatic amines leads to 4-dicyanomethylene-1,4-dihydropyrimidines 3. There are several possible structures for the reaction products obtained from 2a and primary aliphatic and aromatic amines. The structure of the product from 2a and propylamine is confirmed by X-ray structure analysis as 5,6-dihydro-5-imino-6-propyl-4-(propylamino)pyrido[4,3-d] pyrimidine-8-carbonitrile (4c). Hydrolysis of 4 in acidic medium leads to the 5-oxo derivatives 5.
    Notes: Reaktion von “dimerem Malononitril” (1a) oder 3-Amino-2-cyancrotonsäurenitril (1b) mit Dimethylformamid-dimethylacetal ergibt die Biskondensationsprodukte 2. Die Umsetzung von 2a mit Ammoniak oder 2b mit primären aliphatischen Aminen führt zu 4-Dicyanmethylen-1,4-dihydropyrimidinen 3. Für die Reaktionsprodukte aus 2a mit primären aliphatischen und aromatischen Aminen sind mehrere isomere Strukturen möglich. Die Röntgenstrukturanalyse des Produktes von 2a mit Propylamin sichert die Struktur eines 5,6-Dihydro-5-imino-6-propyl-4-(propylamino)pyrido[4,3-d]pyrimidin-8-carbonitrils (4c). Saure Hydrolyse von 4 liefert die 5-Oxo-Derivate 5.
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 1116-1132 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: α-Oxo- and α-Thioxothioamides from Methyl KetonesMixtures of α-(chloro)sulfenyl chlorides 5 and trisulfides 6 are obtained from the reaction of thionyl chloride with methyl ketones in the presence of pyridine. From these mixtures as well as from the pure trisulfides 6, with amines the α-oxothioamides 1-4 are formed with good yields. Thionation of the thioamides 1 and 2 yields the deeply coloured α-thioxothioamides 16 and 17, the structure of which has been especially characterized by X-ray structure analyses.
    Notes: Bei der Reaktion von Methylketonen mit Thionylchlorid in Gegenwart von Pyridin entstehen Gemische aus α-(Chlor)sulfenylchloriden 5 und Trisulfiden 6, die - ebenso wie die reinen Trisulfide 6 - mit Aminen hohe Ausbeuten an α-Oxothioamiden 1-4 liefern. - Schwefelung der Thioamide 1 und 2 ergibt die tieffarbigen α-Thioxothioamide 16 und 17, deren Struktur insbesondere durch Röntgenstrukturanalysen charakterisiert wird.
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  • 14
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Asymmetric Syntheses via Heterocyclic Intermediates, XVIII. - On the Enantioselective Synthesis of (2R)-Serines Starting with The Bis(lactim) Ether of Cyclo-(-L-Val-Gly)The lithiated bis(lactim) ether 8a furnishes with aldehydes and ketones in good yields the addition products 11 with (3R) configuration. The asymmetric inductions at C-3 of 11 (d.e. values) amount to more than 95% with ketones, with aldehydes they are somewhat smaller. With unsymmetrical ketones or aldehydes C-3′ also becomes a chiral center. For the (3R)-major diastereomers the „second induction“ at C-3′ varies from about 4 to about 87% (for benzaldehyde or isobutyraldehyde, respectively), preferably the (3R,3′S) epimers are formed. - Acid hydrolysis of 11 yields (besides methyl L-valinate) the (2R)-serine methyl esters 26. Their e.e. values correspond with the d.e. values of 11. - Dehydratation of 11 furnishes the „Hofmann olefins“ 32 and/or the „Saytzeff olefins“ 33 which can be transformed in various ways into optically active amino acids.
    Notes: Der lithiierte Bislactimether 8a liefert mit Aldehyden oder Ketonen in guten Ausbeuten die Produkte 11 mit (3R)-Konfiguration. Die asymmetrischen Induktionen an C-3 (d.-e.-Werte von 11) betragen bei Ketonen mehr als 95%, bei Aldehyden sind sie etwas geringer (Tabelle 1). Bei unsymmetrischen Ketonen oder Aldehyden wird auch C-3′ zu einem Chiralitätszentrum. Bei den (3R)-Hauptdiastereomeren betragen die „Zweitinduktionen“ an C-3′ ca.4 bis ca. 87% (z. B. Benzaldehyd oder Isobutyraldehyd); vorzugsweise entstehen die (3R,3′S)-Epimeren (Tabelle 1). - Bei der sauren Hydrolyse der Addukte 11 erhält man (neben Methyl-L-valinat) die (2R)-Serin-methyl-ester 26, deren e.-e.-Werte an C-2 der asymmetrischen Induktion an C-3 von 11 entsprechen. - Die Dehydratisierung von 11 führt zu den „Hofmann-Olefinen“ 32 und/oder den „Saytzeff-Olefinen“ 33, die verschiedenartig zu optisch aktiven Aminosäuren abwandelbar sind.
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 1162-1168 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Stereochemistry of Dehydration and Halogenation of αR* and αS* Isomeric 3-(α-Hydroxybenzyl)-1,4-diphenyl-2-azetidinonesDehydration with p-tosyl chloride in pyridine starting with the αR* isomers of the title compounds 3 results in formation of (E)-3-arylmethylene-β-lactams 4. (Z)-4 is obtained by starting with αS* isomeric 3. Halogenation of αS*-3 with thionyl chloride in chloroform yields αR* halogeno compounds 6 by inversion at C-α, and dehydrohalogenation of 6 by amines results in the specific formation of (E)-4.
    Notes: Die Dehydratisierung mit p-Tosylchlorid in Pyridin ergibt aus den αR*-Isomeren der Titelverbindungen 3 nur die (E)-3-Arylmethylen-β-lactame 4 und ausgehend von den αS*-Isomeren von 3 nur die (Z)-Isomeren 4. Aus αS*-3 werden durch Halogenierung mit Thionylchlorid in Chloroform unter Inversion an C-α die αR*-Halogenverbindungen 6 erhalten, deren Dehydrochlorierung spezifisch zu (E)-4 führt.
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  • 16
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    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 1345-1353 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Methyl 2,5:3,6-Dianhydro-D-mannofuranosidesMonotosylation of methyl 3,6-anhydro-β-D-glucofuranoside gives as minor reaction product 1 which yields by treatment with sodium ethanolate methyl 2,5 : 3,6-dianhydro-β-D-mannofuranoside (2). The α-anomer 6 is equally prepared from 3 which is obtained by selective monotosylation of methyl 3,6-anhydro-β-L-gulofuranoside. Reaction of methyl 3,6-anhydro-2,5-di-O-tosyl-α-D-glucofuranoside (5) gives only small amounts of 6 accompanied by the monotosylate 4. Mass and NMR spectra (2D-1H and 13C) of the new dianhydrides 2 and 6 are described.
    Notes: Monotosylierung von Methyl-3,6-anhydro-bT-D-glucofuranosid ergibt als Nebenprodukt 1, dessen Behandlung mit Natrium-ethanolat zum Methyl-2,5 : 3,6-dianhydro-β-D-mannofuranosid (2) führt. Das entsprechende α-Anomere 6 kann analog aus 3, dem Produkt der selektiven Monotosylierung des Methyl-3,6-anhydro-β-L-gulofuranosids erhalten werden. Hingegen liefert die Umsetzung des Methyl-3,6-anhydro-2,5-di-O-tosyl-α-D-glucofuranosids (5) nur geringe Mengen 6 neben Monotosylat 4. Die NMR-Spektren (2D-1H und 13C) sowie der massenspektrometrische Zerfall der neuen Dianhydride 2 und 6 werden beschrieben.
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  • 17
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    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 1393-1408 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Methylketene: Synthesis by Pyrolysis of Butanone and Reaction with Imines Yielding Methylated AzetidinonesDuring the pyrolysis of acetone with a ketene lamp trace amounts of butanone and methylketene are produced. These compounds result from break-off reactions of radical reaction chains of acetone. Pyrolysis of butanone leads to a mixture of ketene (70%) and methylketene (30%). The latter reacts with imines to give methylated β-lactams. The rate of these cycloaddition reactions is several powers of ten greater than the one observed with ketene. The 8-methyl-5-azanonamdienes 7, 10, 26, and 31 are obtained in good yields when the corresponding diazepines are reacted with the pyrolysis gas of butanone. Similar experimental conditions lead to the methylated azetidinones 13, 15, 16, and 18 in moderate yields whereas the known thiazolines 19, 20, and 21 do not react at all. The action of 26 and 30 against several pathogenic bacterial strains was tested; however, no antibacterial properties could be detected.
    Notes: Die Bildung sehr kleiner Mengen von Butanon und Methylketen während der Pyrolyse von Aceton mit einer Ketenlampe wird als Ergebnis einer radikalischen Kettenreaktion nachgewiesen. Die Pyrolyse von Butanon unter den gleichen Bedingungen führt zu einem Gemisch von Keten (70%) und Methylketen (30%). Letzteres reagiert mit Iminoderivaten um einige Zehnerpotenzen schneller als Keten selbst, wobei methylierte β-Lactame entstehen. Auf diese Weise werden in guten Ausbeuten die trans-8-Methyl-5-aza-1,3-nonamdienderivate 7, 10, 26, 29 und 31 sowie in mäßigen Ausbeuten die monocyclischen methylierten Azetidinone 13, 15, 16 und 18 erhalten. Die bekannten Thiazolinderivate 19, 20 und 21 reagieren jedoch nicht mit dem pyrolytisch erzeugten Methylketen. Das 5-Azanonamdien-5-carboxamid 26 sowie die 5-Azanonamdien-1-carbonsäure 30 zeigen kein antibiotisches Verhalten gegenüber verschiedenen pathogenen Bakterienstämmen.
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 1194-1201 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Polyacetylenic compounds, 268. - further Unsaturated Amides From achillea SpeciesThe roots of Achillea ageratifolia afforded in addition to a known C16-acetylenic carbonic acid amides five new ones, the N-isobutylamide 1, the 2,3-didehydropyrrolidides 4-6, and the pyrrolidide 3. Furthermore, the C10-acetylenic carbonic acid coniferyl esters 13 and 14 were isolated. The roots of Achillea falcata contain four known unsaturated C10-carbonic acid amides and two new ones, the piperidide 7 and the 4-hydroxy-2,3-didehydropiperidide 10. The structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. The chemotaxonomic significance of the amides is briefly discussed.
    Notes: Wurzeln von Achillea ageratifolia ergeben neben einem bekannten C16-Acetylencarbonsäureamid fünf neue, das N-Isobutylamid 1, die 2,3-Didehydropyrrolidide 4-6 und das Pyrrolidid 3. Außerdem isoliert man die C10-Acetylencarbonsäureconiferylester 13 und 14. Wurzeln von Achillea falcata enthalten vier bekannte ungesättigte C10-Carbonsäureamide und zwei neue, das Piperidid 7 und das 4-Hydroxy-2,3-didehydropiperidid 10. Die Strukturen wurden durch spektroskopische Methoden geklärt. Die chemotaxonomische Bedeutung der Amide wird kurz diskutiert.
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  • 19
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    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 1237-1248 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Meerwein Saponification of Alkyl 3-Oxoalkanoates in the Gas ChromatographAlkyl 3-oxoalkanoates decompose by unevitable traces of water in the gas chromatograph to yield the corresponding methyl ketones and alcohols (Meerwein saponification1)). Decomposition occurs in the hot injector (T = 270°C) of the gas chromatograph and also on glass capillary columns (T ≥ 160°C). Decomposition in routine work can be avoided by preparing the corresponding 3-trimethylsilyl enol ethers.
    Notes: 3-Oxoalkansäure-alkylester werden durch Wasserspuren, die sich in der Praxis nicht ausschließen lassen, im Gaschromatographen (GC) zu entsprechenden Methylketonen und alkoholen zersetzt (Meerwein-Verseifung1)). Die Zersetzung erfolgt sowohl im heißen Injektorsystem (T = 270°C) des Gaschromatographen als auch auf Glaskapillarsäulen (T ≥ 160°C). Sie läßt sich durch Überführung in die entsprechenden 3-Trimethylsilylenolether vermeiden.
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  • 20
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Diastereoselective Thermal or Acid-catalyzed Rearrangement of N,N′-Dibenzylidene-1,2-cyclopropanediamines to cis-2,3-Diaryl-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,4-diazepinesThe trans-N,N′-dibenzylidene-1,2-cyclopropanediamines t1a-g and t6a,b are obtained in the reaction of the trans-1,2-cyclopropanediamines t4 and t5, respectively, with aromatic aldehydes. In contrast, only the cis-N,N′-disalicylidene-1,2-cyclopropanediamines c1b and c6b can be isolated when the aromatic aldehydes are allowed to react with the cis-1,2-cyclopropanediamines c4 and c5, respectively. In the other cases, the intermediate cis-bisimines isomerize in situ to yield the cis-2,3-diaryl-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,4-diazepines c3a-d and 7a, respectively. In [D5]bromobenzene solution, the isolated bisimines t1a, c-e, g and c6b, t6a rearrange above 90°C to give the corresponding dihydrodiazepines c3a, c-e, g and 7a, b, in the neat, molten state above 120°C. Surprisingly, in acetate-buffered methanol solution the dihydrodiazepines c3a, d, are also formed in the reaction of trans-1,2-cyclopropanediammonium bromide (t4 · 2 HBr) with aldehydes at temperatures as low as 20°C. The diastereoselective step of these isomerizations, i. e. the Cope rearrangement of the cis-bisimines c1 and c6, is fast even at 20°C. The cis-bisimines c1 and c6 arise via a thermal or acid-catalyzed trans cis diastereomerization when the sequence starts from trans-1,2-cyclopropanediamine derivatives. All 2,3-diaryl-2,3-dihydrodiazepines which were obtained through rearrangement possess exclusively the cis configuration as shown by comparision with the authentic pair of diastereomers c3a, t3a and by 1H NMR spectroscopy. The 1H NMR spectra of the cis-2,3-dihydrodiazepinium cations c3 · H⊕ in trifuoroacetic acid indicate slow ring inversion up to 20-25°C. The free enthalpies of activation for the diastereotopomerization of 2-H and 3-H of the cis- 1,4,6-D3]-2,3-dihydrodiazepinium cations in [D]trifluoroacetic acid range from Δ G≠361≈ 60 (for c3b) to Δ G≠361 = 75.5 kJ/mol (for c3g). Besides slow ring inversion, teh free base c3g as well as the cation c3g · H⊕ exhibit slow rotation of the 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl groups at C3 and C3.
    Notes: Aus den trans-1,2-Cyclopropandiaminen t4 und t5 und aromatischen Aldehyden erhält man die trans-N,N′-Dibenzyliden-1,2-cyclopropandiamine t1a-g bzw. 16a,b. Dagegen lassen sich bei der Umsetzung aromatischer Aldehyde mit den cis-1,2-Cyclopropandiaminen c4 und c5 nur die cis-N,N′-Disalicyliden-1,2-cyclopropandiamine c1b bzw. c6b isolieren. In den anderen Fällen isomerisieren sich die intermediären cis-Bisimine in situ zu den cis-2,3-Diaryl-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,4-diazepinen c3a-d bzw. 7a. Die isolierten Bisimine t1a,c-e,g und c6b, t6a lassen sich in [D5]Brombenzol erst bei 90°C, in der Schmelze oberhalb 120°C, in die entsprechenden Dihydrodiazepine c3a,c-e,g bzw. 7a,b umlagern. Überraschenderweise entstehen in Acetat-gepuffertem Methanol die Dihydrodiazepine c3a, d auch aus dem trans-1,2-Cyclopropandiammoniumbromid (t4 · 2HBr) und Aldehyd, und zwar schon bei 20°C. Der diastereoselektive Schritt dieser Isomerisierungen ist eine schon bei 20°C rasche Cope-Umlagerung der cis-Bisimine c1 und c6. Diese entstehen durch thermische oder bei 20°C säurekatalysierte trans → cis-Diastereomerisierung, wenn man von trans-1,2-Cyclopropandiamin-Derivaten ausgeht. Alle durch Umlagerung erhaltenen 2,3-Diaryl-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,4-diazepine besitzen cis-Konfiguration, was durch Vergleich mit dem authentischen Diastereomerenpaar c3a, t3a und 1H-NMR-spektroskopisch bewiesen wurde. Die 1H-NMR-Spektren der cis-2,3-Dihydrodiazepinium-Kationen c3·H⊕ in Trifluoressigsäure zeigen noch bei 20-25°C langsame Ringinversion an. Die Freien Aktivierungsenthalpien der Diastereotopomerisierung von 2-H und 3-H der cis-[1,4,6-D3]-2,3-Dihydrodiazepiniumkationen in [D]Trifluoressigsäure betragen ΔG313≠ ≈ 60 (c3b bis ΔG≠361 = 75.5 kJ/mol (c3g). Die freie Base c3g und das Kation c3g · H⊕ zeigen neben langsamer Ringinversion auch noch langsame Rotation der beiden 2,4,6-Trimethylphenylgruppen an C2 und C3.
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  • 21
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 1598-1607 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Sulfur Compounds in Crude Oil, III. - Dihydrodiindeno[b,d]thiophenesSyntheses to the dihydrodiindeno[b,d]thiophenes 1-3 have been studied. 1-3 were prepared by thermolysis of 8H-indeno[1,2-d]-1,2,3-thiadiazole (10) or 4H-indeno[2,1-d]-1,2,3-thiadiazole (13) or by reduction of the corresponding diketones 17, 19, and 21 which were obtained by thermolysis of indeno[1,2-d]-1,2,3-thiadiazol-8-one (16) or from 2,3-dichloroinden-1-one (23) with Na2S. Mechanisms with analogous intermediates explain the formation of the indenothiphenes. - Another synthesis of diindeno[1,2-b:2′,1′-d]thiophene-10,11-dione (21) starts from 2,5-diphenyl-3,4-thiophenedicarboxylic acid (29). - 10,11-Dihydrodiindeno[1,2-b:2′,1′-d]thiophene (3) is the known sulfurization product of hydrindene, the structure of 3 is corrected.
    Notes: Synthesen zu den Dihydrodiindeno[b,d]thiophenen 1-3 wurden untersucht. 1-3 entstehen bei der Thermolyse des 8H-Indeno[1,2-d]1,2,3-thiadiazols (10) oder 4H-Indeno[2,1-d]1,2,3-thiadiazols (13) oder durch Reduktion der zugehörigen Diketoverbindungen 17, 19 und 21, die zugänglich sind durch Thermolyse des Indeno[1,2-d]-1,2,3-thiadiazol-8-ons (16) oder aus 2,3-Dichlorinden-1-on (23) mit Na2S. Mechanismen mit analogen Intermediaten erklären die Bildung der Indenothiophene. - Eine weitere Synthese des Diindeno[1,2-b:2′,1′-d]thiophen-10,11-dions (21) geht von der 2,5-Diphenyl-3,4-thiophendicarbonsäure (29) aus. - 10,11-Dihydrodiindeno-[1,2-b:2′,1′-d]thiophen (3) ist das bekannte Schwefelungsprodukt des Indans; die Struktur von 3 wird richtiggestellt.
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  • 22
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 1638-1639 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Conversion of Phenolic α-Amino Acids into α-Keto acidsA one-pot conversion of tyrosine (1a) and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) (1b) into 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvic acid (2a) and 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)pyruvic acid (2b), respectively, via 2-trifluoromethyl-3-oxazolin-5-ones 5 is described.
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  • 23
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Antibiotics from gliding Bacteria, XVII. - Myxopyronin A and B - Two Novel Antibiotics from Myxococcus fulvus Strain Mx f50From the gliding bacterium Myxococcus fulvus strain Mx f50 two antibiotics, named myxopyronin A and B, have been isolated and shown to possess the structures 9a and 9b. The two new compounds are 3-acyl-4-hydroxy-α-pyrones with an N-alkenylcarbamate function uncommon to natural products.
    Notes: Aus dem Kulturüberstand des Gleitenden Bakteriums Myxococcus fulvus Stamm Mx f50 (Myxobacterales) wurden zwei Myxopyronin A und B genannte Antibiotika isoliert und konstitutionell aufgeklärt. Es handelt sich um die Verbindungen 9a, b mit einer 3-Acyl-4-hydroxy-α-pyron-Struktur und einer für Naturstoffe ungewöhnlichen N-Alkenyl-Carbamat-Funktion.
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  • 24
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Asymmetric Synthesis of Both Enantiomers of (E)-4,6-Dimethyl-6-octen-3-one- Defensive Substance of “Daddy Longlegs” Leiobunum vittatum and L. calcar (Opiliones)The acyclic enone (E)-4,6-dimethyl-6-octen-3-one (1) is the major component of the defensive secretion of “daddy longlegs” Leiobunum vittatum and L. calcar (Opiliones). Both antiomers [(S)-1 and (R)-1] as well as racemic 1 are conveniently synthesized from diethyl ketone 2 and the bromide 3 by employing the hydrazone method. It is shown by LIS-NMR technique that the acyclic ketone alkylation occurs with virtually complete asymmetric induction ≥ 97%).
    Notes: Das acyclische Enon (E)-4,6-Dimethyl-6-octen-3-on (1) ist die Hauptkomponente Abwehrsekrets der Weberknechte Leiobunum vittatum und L. calcar (Opiliones). Beide Enantiomere [(S)-1 und (R)-1] sowie racemisches 1 werden bequem aus Diethylketon 2 und dem Bromid 3 unter Verwendung der Hydrazon-Methode synthetisiert. Durch LIS-NMR-Technik gezeigt, daß die acyclische Ketonalkylierung mit praktisch vollständiger asymmetrische? On erfolgt (ee ≥ 97%).
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  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983) 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 26
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 1455-1458 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A New Type of Sesquiterpene Lactones from Lychnophora sallicifoliaFrom the polar fractions of Lychnophora salicifolia two new sesquiterpene lactones were isolated, the structures of which have been elucidated by high field 1H-NMR spectroscopy and by partial synthesis of one of the epimeric lactones which are derived from caryophyllene.
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  • 27
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Heterocyclen-Synthese mit α,β-ungesättigten Nitrilen: Die Reaktion von β-(2-furanyl)- und β-(2-Thienyl)acrylonitrilen mit CH-acide MethylenverbindungenReaktionen von β-(2-Furanyl)- und β-(2-Thienyl)acrylonitilen mit verschiedenen CH-aciden Methylenverbindungen werden beschrieben. Die Untersuchungen erschließen einige neue Pyran- und Pyranodiazo-Derivate.
    Notes: The reactions of β-(2-furanyl)- and β-(2-thienyl)acrylonitrile with a variety of active methylene reagents are described. The investigations make several new pyran and pyranodiazle derivatives accessible.
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  • 28
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 1504-1509 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: 3-Pyrrolin-2-ones from Alcohol and Amine Adducts of TrichloroallenecarboxamidesOn treatment of the tetrachloro-substituted amide 1 with methoxide (1:10) in methanol the chlorine-free pyrrolinone 5 is formed. This reaction is interpreted via the allene 2 and its methanol adduct 3. According to the same principle the allene amine adducts 4 yield with methoxide at room temperature the intermediates 6 and in boiling methanol the chlorine-free pyrrolinone 8. Hydrolysis of 6 to 10 requires strong hydrochloric acid. Analogous ring closure of 4 occurs with amines to 9. Elimination of the last chlorine atom with methoxide leads from 9b to the pyrrolinonimine 13c.
    Notes: Bei der Behandlung des tetrachlorsubstituierten Amids 1 mit Methylat (1:10) in Methanol entsteht das chlorfreie Pyrrolinon 5. Die Reaktion verläuft über das Allen 2 und das Methanol-addukt 3. Nach dem gleichen Prinzip liefern die Allen-Aminaddukte 4 mit Methylat bei Raumtemperatur die Zwischenprodukte 6 und in siedendem Methanol die chlorfreien Pyrrolinone 8. Die Hydrolyse von 6 zu 10 erfordert starke Salzsäure. Ein analoger Ringschluß von 4 mit Aminen liefert 9. Die Eliminierung des letzten Chloratoms mit Methylat führt von 9b zu dem Pyrrolinonimin 13c.
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  • 29
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    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 1510-1523 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: 4-(1-Azi-2,2,2-trifluorethyl)benzoesäure, eine hoch lichtempfindliche carben-bildende, leicht an biochemische Wirkstoffe anknüpfbare VerbindungDie Titelverbindung wird ausgehend von (4-Brombenzyl)(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)ether (5b) oder von (4-Brombenzyl)(tert-butyl)ether (5c) oder, am einfachsten, von 4-Bromtoluol (5a) synthetisiert. Hierzu wird Br mit Hilfe von n-Butyllithium durch Li ersetzt und durch Reaktion der metallorganischen Verbindung mit N-Trifluoracetylpiperidin das entsprechende Trifluoracetophenon erhalten. Die Herstellung der Azigruppe (Diazirin) erfolgt über die Oxime 7a-c, deren O-Tosylverbindungen 8a-c, die mit Ammoniak die Diaziridine 9a-c bilden, welche dann mit Ag2O zu den Diazirinen oxidiert werden. Oxidation mit Permangant - bei den Etherverbindungen nach Etherspaltung mit Säure - ergibt die Titelverbindung 12. Bei Bestrahlung mit Licht (λ 〉 300 nm) spaltet 12 mit einer Halbwertszeit von 22 s N2 ab unter Carbenbildung. Gleichzeitig entsteht aus 12 zu etwa 20% die gelbe isomere 4-(1-Diazo-2,2,2-trifluorethyl)benzoesäure (20), die zum selben Carben wie 12 photolysiert wird. Die Synthese von 20 ausgehend von 4-Brombenzaldehyd wird beschrieben. Das Diazirin 12 kann als N-Hydroxysuccinimidester oder mit anderen Methoden der Amidsynthese sehr einfach an Aminogruppen biochemisch interessanter Substanzen geknüpft und zur Photoaffinitätsmarkierung eingesetzt werden.
    Notes: The title compound is synthesized starting from either 4-bromobenzyl tert-butyldimethylsilyyl ether (5b) or 4-bromobenzyl tert-butyl ether (5c) or - most simply - from 4-bromotoluene (5a). In the first step Br was replaced by Li using n-butyllithium, then the organometallic compounds were converted into the respective trifluoroacetophenones 6a-c with N-trifluoroacetylpiperidine. The azi moiety (diazirine) was prepared from the oximes 7a-c viaO-tosyloximes 8a-c plus ammonia yielding the diaziridines 9a-c and oxidation of the latter with Ag2O. Oxidation by permanganate - of the ethers after acidic cleavage - yields the title compound 12. On irradiation (λ 〉 300 nm) 12 by elimination of N2 with a half-life period of 22 s generates the corresponding carbene. At the same time from 12 with ca. 20% the yellow isomeric 4-(1-diazo-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)benzoic acid (20) is formed which is photolyzed generating the same carbene as 12. The synthesis of 20 is described starting from 4-bromobenzaldehyde. - The diazirine 12 as its N-hydroxysuccinimide ester 13, or using other methods of amide synthesis, can readily be coupled to amino functions of biochemically interesting agents thus forming photoaffinity labels.
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  • 30
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Antamanide, XXXV. - Synthesis of [6-(L-2,6-Diamino-4-hexynoic acid)]antamanide as Precursor of a 3H-labelled [6-Lysine]antamanide for Photoaffinity LabellingL-2,6-Diamino-4-hexynoic acid, protected at its 2-amino group be 1-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-methylethoxycarbonyl (Ddz) and at its 6-amino group by tert-butyloxycarbonyl (Boc), is coupled to the nonapeptide ester H-Pro-Pro-Phe-Phe-Val-Pro-Pro-Ala-Phe-OMe (3-OMe). The decapeptide 5 so obtained, after deprotection of its terminals is cyclisized by N,N′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide/N-hydroxysuccinimide to yield the ∊-Boc-protected 6-analogue Boc-2 of antamanide. This, by catalytical hydrogenation yields [∊-Boc-Lys6]antamanide (Boc-1) thus offering the possibility to introduce tritium into an antiphallotoxic active molecule. Acylation of the ∊-amino group of [Lys6]antamanide (1) by the previously4) described 4-(1-azi-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)benzoic acid yields a derivative suitable for photoaffinity labelling.
    Notes: L-2,6-Diamino-4-hexinsäure, geschützt an der 2-Aminogruppe durch den 1-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-1-methylethoxycarbonylrest (Ddz), an der 6-Aminogruppe durch den tert-Butyloxycarbonylrest (Boc), wird mit dem Nonapeptidester H-Pro-Pro-Phe-Phe-Val-Pro-Pro-Ala-Phe-OMe (3-OMe) verknüpft und das erhaltene Decapeptid 5 nach Deblockierung der Enden mit N.N′- Dicyclohexylcarbodiimed/N-Hydroxysuccinimid zum ∊-Boc-Derivat Boc-2 des im Titel genannten Antamanid-Analogen cyclisiert. Dieses läßt sich katalytische zu [∊-Boc-Lys6]Antamanid (Boc-1) hydrieren, womit die Möglichkeit der Einführung von Tritium in das antiphallotoxinwirksame Molekül gegeben wird. Durch Acylierung der ∊-Aminogruppe des [Lys6]Antaminids (1) mit der bereits beschriebenen4) 4-(1-Azi-2,2,2-trifluorethyl)benzoesäure wird ein zur Photoaffinitätsmarkierung geeignetes Präparat erhalten.
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  • 31
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 1937-1949 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Ring-Chain Isomerism of N-(3-Hydroxyalkyl)nitrones, I. - C-Aryl-N-(3-hydroxypropyl)nitronesN-(3-Hydroxypropyl) nitrones 5 are prepared from 3-(hydroxyamino) propanol 3 and aromatic aldehydes. The isomerism between the open-chain nitrone form 5 and the cyclic perhydro-1,3-oxazine form 6 is proved by formation of diphenylboron chelates 4 and N-acyloxy-perhydro-1,3-oxazines 10, respectively.
    Notes: Aus 3-(Hydroxyamino)propanol 3 und aromatischen Aldehyden werden N-(3-Hydroxypropyl)-nitrone 5 dargestellt. Die Isomerie zwischen offenkettiger Nitron-Form 5 und cyclischer Perhydro-1,3-oxazin-Form 6 wird durch Bildung von Diphenylborchelaten 4 bzw. N-Acyloxy-perhydro-1,3-oxazinen 10 nachgewiesen.
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  • 32
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Microbiological Formation of 2-(4-Bromophenyl)-2-ethoxyoxirane and Crystal Structure Determination of the Dimerization Product meso-2,5-Bis(4-bromophenyl)-2,5-diethoxy-1,4-dioxanep-Bromo-2-hydroxyacetophenone (3) is metabolized by baker's yeast to give the optically active epoxy ether 1a which is stable in crystalline form. The structural assignment is based mainly on the NMR spectra. - The stereochemical course of the dimerization to the 1,4-dioxane derivative 2a is discussed on the basis of the X-ray structure of the dimer.
    Notes: p-Brom-2-hydroxyacetophenon (3) wird durch Bäckerhefe zum optisch aktiven Epoxyether 1a metabolisiert, der im kristallinen Zustand stabil bleibt. Die Strukturzuordnung erfolgt im wesentlichen durch NMR-Spektren. - Der stereochemische Verlauf der Dimerisierung zum 1,4-Dioxan-derivat 2a wird auf der Basis der Röntgenstruktur des Dimeren diskutiert.
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  • 33
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 1996-1999 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Radical-induced Reduction of α,β-Unsaturated Steroid Ketones with Tributyltin HydrideConjugated steroid ketones are reduced stereoselectively with tributyltin hydride in the presence of azobisisobutyronitrile as radical initiator to give the corresponding saturated ketones in high yields.
    Notes: Konjugierte Steroidketone werden mit Tributylzinnhydrid in Gegenwart des Radikalbildners Azobisisobutyronitril stereoselektiv und in hohen Ausbeuten zu den gesättigten Ketonen reduziert.
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  • 34
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 2008-2020 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Clerodane Derivatives and Novel Diterpenes From Conyza scabrida DCThe careful separation of the extract of the aerial parts of Conyza scabrida afforded in addition to known compounds 12 new clerodane derivatives and 9 diterpenes with unusal carbon skeletons which most likely were formed in part by electrocyclic transformations of the clerodanes. The structures were elucidated by NMR studies. The chemotaxonomic situation is discussed briefly.
    Notes: Die sorgfältige Trennung des Extraktes der oberirdischen Teile von Conyza scabrida ergibt neben bereits bekannten Verbindungen 12 neue Clerodan-Derivate und 9 Diterpene mit ungewöhnlichen Kohlenstoffgerüsten, die wahrscheinlich teilweise durch elektrocyclische Umwandlungen der Clerodane gebildet werden. Die Strukturen werden durch NMR-Untersuchungen geklärt. Die chemotaxonomische Situation wird kurz diskutiert.
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  • 35
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Synthesis of rac-4′-O-Methylglabridin, an Antimicrobial Prenylated Isoflavan from Glycyrrhiza glabra L.A synthesis of racemic -4′-O-methylglabridin (1) is described. The key steps are the transformation of the isoflavan-4-one 4 into a dithioacetal 5 followed by desulfuration with Raney nickel.
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  • 36
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 2038-2041 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The Chemistry of Amino Oximes, XVII. - 1,8-Dioxa-2,5,9,12-tetraazacyclotetradeca-2,9-diene-6,13-diones from (E)-α-Aminoacetophenone Oxime DerivativesThe (E)-α-(Chloroacetylamino)acetophenone oximes 2a-c were cyclodimerised by alkali to give the title compounds 6a-c.
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  • 37
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    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 2049-2051 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Synthesis of P1-(7-Methyl-5′-guanosyl_-P2-(5′-adenosyl) DiphosphateP1-(7-Methyl-5′-guanosyl)-P2-(5′-adenosyl)diphosphate (3), an analogue of the “cap” structure at the 5′-terminus of eukaryotic messenger RNA, was chemically synthesized and enzymatically identified. The synthesis, based upon the imidazolidate method1), was performed on a nanomolar scale.
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  • 38
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983) 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 39
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    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 2052-2054 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Enzymatische Trennung von L - Leucin und L,/-IsoleucinDie in ihren chemischen und physikalischen Eigenschaften sehr ähnlichen Aminosäuren L-Leucin und L-Isoleucin können getrennt werden, indem ein Gemisch dieser beiden Substanzen zu einer Mischung aus N-Acetyl-L-leucin und N-Acetyl-L-isoleucin acetyliert wird und diese Mischung bei neutralem pH-Wert einer substratselektiven Hydrolyse unter Einfluß von Nierenacylase unter-worfen wird. Dieses Verfahren erlaubt die Herstellung von hochreinem L-Leucin. Aus der Mutterlauge wird unverändertes N-Acetyl-L-isoleucin in einer Reinheit von 90-93% gewonnen. Hydrolyse mit Salzsäure und fraktionierende Kristallisation als Hydrochloridsalz erlaubt die Herstellung von reinem L-Isoleucin.
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  • 40
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Biologisch aktive Glycoside aus Asteroidea, V. - Steroid-Oligoglycoside aus dem Seestern Asterias amurensis [cf.] versicolor Sladen, 1. - Strukturermittlung eines neuen OligoglycosidsulfatsNeben den bereits bekannten Steroiden 3β,6α-Dihydroxy-5α-pregn-9(11)-en-20-on (1), 3β,6α,20ξ-Trihydroxy-5α-cholest-9(11)-en-23-on (2), 3β,6α,20ξ-Trihydroxy-24ξ-methyl-5α-cholest-9(11)-en-23-on (3) [isoliert in Form ihrer Acetate 1′, 2′ und 3′ aus dem enzymatischen Hydrolysat des Oligoglycosidgemischs] und Thornasterosid A (8) wurde ein neues, mit Versicosid A bezeichnetes genuines Oligoglycosidsulfat isoliert und dessen Struktur auf Grund chemischer und spektroskopischer Befunde als Mononatriumsalz von 6α-[(O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→3)-O-β-D-fucopyranosyl-(1→2)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-[β-D-chinovopyranosyl-(1→2)]-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-chinovopyranosyl)oxy]-20ξ-hydroxy-3β-(sulfooxy)-5α-cholest-9(11)-en-23-on (4) ermittelt.
    Notes: In addition to the already known 3β,6α-dihydroxy-5α-pregn-9(11)-en-20-one (1), 3β,6α,20ξ-trihydroxy-5α-cholest-9(11)-en-23-one (2), 3β,6α,20ξ-trihydroxy-24ξ-methyl-5α-cholest-9(11)-en-23-one (3) [isolated in the form of the diacetates 1′, 2′, and 3′ from the enzymatic hydrolyzate of an oligoglycoside mixture], and thornasteroside A (8) a new genuine oligoglycoside sulfate named versicoside A has been isolated and structurally elucidated by chemical and spectroscopic evidences as the monosodium salt of 6α-[(O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→3)-O-β-D-fucopyranosyl-(1→2)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-[β-D-quinovopyranosyl-(1→2)]-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-quinovopyranosyl)oxy]-20ξ-hydroxy-3β-(sulfooxy)-5α-cholest-9(11)-en-23-one (4).
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 41
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    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 2114-2126 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Enantiomerically Pure Building Blocks for Syntheses from Branched MalatesIsocitric acid lactone (13) and the chiral building blocks (2S,3R)-4-bromo-1,2-epoxy-3-methylbutane (21), cis- and trans-2,3-epoxy-2-methylsuccinates (23, 24), and the singly protected (2R)-2-methyl-, -2-allyl- and -2-benzyl-1,3-propanediols (32a, b, c) are readily accessible in diastereomerically and enantiomerically pure forms from malates (8, 16, 25a, b, c) which are alkylated in position 3.
    Notes: Ausgehend von in 3-Stellung alkylierten, enantiomerenreinen Äpfelsäureestern (8, 16, 25a-c) wurden (+)-Isocitronensäurelacton (13) sowie die Synthesebausteine (2S,3R)-4-Brom-1,2-epoxy-3-methylbutan (21), cis- und trans-2,3-Epoxy-2-methylbernsteinsäureester (23, 24) und die einfach geschützten (2R)-2-Methyl-, -2-Allyl- und -2-Benzyl-1,3-propandiole (32a, b, c) diastereomeren- und enantiomerenrein hergestellt.
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  • 42
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Metal Complexes with Tetrapyrrole Ligands, XXXII. - Improved Procedure for Insertion of Osmium into Porphyrins, Carbonylosmium(II) Complexes of Mesoporphyrin IXAn improved procedure for the insertion of osmium into porphyrins is tested with mesotetra-(p-tolyl)porphyrin. Potassium hexachloroosmate, K2OsCl6, in diethyleneglycol monomethyl ether serves as metal carrier. The procedure allows the preparation of carbonyl(mesoporphyrinato-IX)pyridineosmium(II) which is now available for reconstitution experiments.
    Notes: Ein verbessertes Verfahren zum Einbau von Osmium in Porphyrine wird an Mesotetra(p-tolyl)-porphyrin erprobt. Als Metallspender dient Kaliumhexachloroosmat(IV), K2OsCl6, in Diethylenglycolmonomethylether. Das Verfahren ermöglicht die Darstellung von Carbonyl(mesoporphyrinato-IX)pyridinosmium(II), das nunmehr für Rekonstitutionsexperimente zur Verfügung steht.
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  • 43
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    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 1689-1693 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis of VerboccidentafuranStarting with the Diels-Alder adduct of 1-ethoxyisoprene and methoxyquinone the racemate of the furanocadinene derivative verboccidentafuran (15) from Verbesina occidentalis has been synthesized and with that its stereochemistry established.
    Notes: Ausgehend vom Diels-Alder-Addukt aus 1-Ethoxyisopren und Methoxychinon wurde das Racemat des Furanocadinen-Derivats Verboccidentafuran (15) aus Verbesina occidentalis synthetisiert und damit dessen Stereochemie gesichert.
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  • 44
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    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 1668-1688 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Asymmetrische Synthese von α-substituierten Aminosäuren und Aminen durch Kohlenstoff - Kohlenstoff-Verknüpfung in α-Stellung zum StickstoffBeschrieben wird die asymmetrische Synthese von α-substituierten α-Aminosäuren und Propargylaminen. Als chiralen Hilfsstoff benutzen wir (S)-(-)-1-Dimethoxymethyl-2-methoxymethyl-pyrrolidin (SDMP, 1). Die Aminosäuren und Amine werden mit SDMP 1 in die entsprechenden Amidine C übergeführt. Metallierung und Alkylierung ergibt die Produkte D, welche zu den gewünschten α-substituierten Aminosäuren 20 und Propargylaminen 22 hydrolysiert werden. Die Methode erlaubt die enantioselektive Alkylierung von Aminosäuren und Propargylaminen mit zufriedenstellenden chemischen Ausbeuten und genügender bis guter Enantioselektivität. Der chirale Hilfsstoff SDMP 1 wird aus (S)-Prolin in 4 Stufen hergestellt.
    Notes: The asymmetric synthesis of α-substituted α-amino acids and propargylamines is described. As chiral auxiliary we used (S)-(-)-1-dimethoxymethyl-2-methoxymethylpyrrolidine (SDMP, 1). Treatment of the amino acids or amines with SDMP 1 afforded the corresponding amidines C, which can be metalated and alkylated to yield the products D, which were hydrolyzed to give the desired α-substituted α-amino acids 20 and propargylamines 22. The method allows the enantioselective alkylation of amino acids and propargylamines in satisfactory chemical yields and fair to good enantioselectivity. The chiral auxiliary SDMP 1 is prepared from (S)-proline in 4 steps.
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  • 45
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    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 1739-1743 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: α-Oxosulfones, 5. - reactions of a Cyclic α-Ketosulfone5,5-Dioxo-6H-dibenzo[b,d]thiopyran-6-one (4) as the first „real α-ketosulfone“ was isolated, and some of its reactions were studied. Apparently, 4 represents formally a border case between a thioester S,S-dioxide and an „α-ketosulfone“.
    Notes: Als erstes „wirkliches α-Ketosulfon“ wurde 5,5-Dioxo-6H-dibenzo[b,d]-thiopyran-6-on (4) isoliert. Beim Studium einiger seiner Reaktionen zeigte sich, daß 4 formal einen Grenzfall zwischen einem Carbonsäurethioester-S,S-dioxid und einem „α-Ketosulfon“ darstellt.
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  • 46
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    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 1760-1797 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Constituents of Cneoraceae, VIII. - Pentanortriterpenes of the B- and C-Series, Olefins (I)The constitution and configuration of the fundamental cneorins B (2) and C (3) is elucidated by their chemical and spectroscopic properties and X-ray diffraction analysis. The acid-catalysed rearrangements of B (2) and C (3) to the cneorins BI (4),II (31), BIII (6) and CI (5), CII (32), CIII (7), respectively, is described.
    Notes: Die Konstitution und Konfiguration der grundlegenden Cneorine B (2) und C (3) wird durch chemischen Abbau, Auswertung der Spektren und Röntgenstrukturanalysen ermittelt. Die Säurekatalysierte Umlagerung von B (2) und C (3) zu den Cneorinen BI (4), BII (31), BIII (6), bzw. CI (5), CII (32), CIII (7) wird beschrieben.
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  • 47
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    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 1818-1838 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthetic Anthracyclinones, XXII. - Rhodmycinones of Type A with methyl, ethyl, and n-Propyl Side ChainThe anthraquinone derivatives 7, 8, 37, 39, and 40 are prepared by addition of dichloromethyllithium to the corresponding ketones 4, 5, 32b, 34b, and 36b. They can be hydrolized to intermediate aldehydes, which cyclize after reduction to anthracyclinones of Type A with methyl group (11, 12a, 13a, 45, 46a, 47a), ethyl group (15a, 16a, 48, 49, 50a), and n-propyl side chain (51a, 52a). The cis/trans ratio of the 7,8-Diols is approximately 1 : 3. The hydroxy groups at C-10 are introduced stereoselectively to the 8,10-cis-diols 20b, 24, 25a, 53, 54, and 55 via bromination and hydrolysis of the bromides.
    Notes: Die Anthrachinonderivate 7, 8, 37, 39 und 40 werden durch Addition von Dichlormethyllithium an die entsprechenden Ketone 4, 5, 32b, 34b und 36b hergestellt. Sie lassen sich zu intermediären Aldehyden hydrolysieren, die nach Reduktion zu Anthracyclinonen vom Typ A mit Methylgruppe (11, 12a, 13a, 45, 46a, 47a), Ethylgruppe (15a, 16a, 48, 49, 50a) und n-Propylseitenkette (51a, 52a) cyclisieren. Das cis/trans-Verhältnis der 7,8-Diole beträgt etwa 1:3. Die Hydroxygruppen an C-10 werden stereoselektiv zu den 8,10-cis-Diolen 20b, 24, 25a, 53, 54 und 55 über Bromierung und Hydrolyse der Bromide eingeführt.
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  • 48
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Applications of Phase Transfer catalysis, 26. - Thioureas by Three-Component Reactions of Amines, Carbon Tetrachloride, and Sulfide IonsThe title reactions proceed exothermically in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst. Thiophosgene is an intermediate in this conversion, and its phase transfer catalytic transformation into carbon disulfide and trithiocarbonate can be demonstrated. Perchloromethanethiol/sodium sulfide and a PT catalyst yield thiophosgene too. Activated vicinal dibromides were debrominated by Na2S/catalyst.
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  • 49
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    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 1859-1885 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Glycopeptide Synthesis: Selective C-Terminal Deblocking and Peptide Chain elongation of Glucosylserine DerivativesBenzyloxycarbonyl-(Z-)serine 2-bromoethyl ester (3b) reacts with 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzoyl-α-D-glucopyranosyl bromide (14) to give the glucosylserine ester 15. After conversion into the corresponding 2-iodoethyl ester 23 the carboxylic group is deblocked selectively by reductive elimination using zinc. In this procedure the Z and the carbohydrate protective functions as well as the sensitive O-glycoside bond remain unaffected. The glycosylserine 24 is condensed with amino acid 2-bromoethyl esters 2 to form protected glycodipeptide 2-bromoethyl esters 18 which are extended to give glycotripeptide esters 25 after selective carboxyl deblocking. Whereas protected serine dipeptides 5 are glycosylated with 14 to form the conjugates 18, the glycosylation of the serine tripeptides 10 was not successful.
    Notes: Benzyloxycarbonyl-(Z-)serin-2-bromethylester (3b) wird mit 2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-benzoyl-α-D-gluco-pyranosylbromid (14) zum Glucosylserinester 15 verknüpft. Nach Umwandlung in den entsprechenden 2-Iodethylester 23 wird die Carboxygruppe durch Eliminierung mit Zink selektiv deblockiert. Dabei bleiben die Z- und die Kohlenhydrat-Schutzgruppen sowie die empfindliche O-glycosidische Bindung unverändert erhalten. Das Glycosyl-Z-serin 24 reagiert mit Aminosäure-2-bromethylestern 2 zu geschützten Glycodipeptid-2-bromethylestern 18, die nach selektiver Carboxydeblockierung zu Glycotripeptidestern 25 C-terminal verlängert werden. Während geschützte Serin-Dipeptide 5 mit 14 zu Konjugaten 18 glycosyliert werden können, gelingt die Glycosylierung von Serin-Tripeptiden 10 nicht.
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  • 50
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    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 1910-1919 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: α-Glucosidases Inhibitors, 2. - Synthesis of Modified MaltotriosesTwo pathways were developed for the synthesis of the 4″-amino-4″,6″-didesoxymaltotriose derivative 5, the O-protected terminal trisaccharide unit of acarbose. Glycosidation of the 4′-unprotected maltose derivative 3 with the trichloroacetimidate 2 of 4-azido-4,6-dideoxyglucose 1 led to the α- and β-connected trisaccharides 4 and 9. They were transformed into the O-protected amino sugars 5 and 10. In addition, from phenyl maltotrioside 15 the 4″,6″-unprotected derivative 19 was obtained; selective deoxygenation and azide introduction also led to compound 4 and 5.
    Notes: Für die Herstellung des 4″-Amino-4″,6″-didesoxymaltotriosederivats 5, der O-geschützten terminalen Trisaccharideinheit der Acarbose, wurden zwei Synthesewege entwickelt. Glycosidierung des 4′-ungeschützten Maltosederivats 3 mit dem Trichloracetimidat 2 der 4-Azido-4,6-didesoxyglucose 1 lieferte die α- bzw. β-verknüpften Trisaccharide 4 und 9, die in die O-geschützten Aminozucker 5 und 10 übergeführt werden. Außerdem wurde aus dem Phenylmaltotriosid 15 über das 4″,6″-ungeschützte Derivat 19 durch selektive Desoxygenierung und Azideinführung 4 und 5 daraus erhalten.
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  • 51
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 2045-2048 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A Further Germacranolide with a β-Lactone Ring from Grazielia serrataThe reinvestigation of the aerial parts of Grazielia serrata afforded in addition to compounds isolated previously two germacranolides, 8β-angeloyloxy-9β-hydroxycostunolide and a further germacranolide with a β-lactone ring. The structure - 8β-tiglioyloxygrazielolide (1) - was elucidated by spectroscopic methods and by chemical transformation into the trans,trans-cyclodecadiene derivative 3.
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  • 52
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 2073-2078 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Resolution of DL-CysteineThe diastereomeric 4-thiazolidinecarboxylic acids 3 and 4, obtained by condensation of DL-cysteine (DL-1) with D-(+)-galactose (2), can be separated by crystallization. Ring cleavage of 3 or 4 gives L-cysteine (L-1) or D-cysteine (D-1), respectively. Instead of D-(+)-galactose other chiral aldoses can be employed as resolution agents.
    Notes: Die bei der Kondensation von DL-Cystein (DL-1) mit D-(+)-Galactose (2) entstehenden zueinander diastereomeren 4-Thiazolidincarbonsäuren 3 und 4 lassen sich durch Kristallisation trennen. Bei der Ringspaltung von 3 bzw. 4 entstehen L-Cystein(L-1) bzw. D-Cystein (D-1). Statt D-(+)-Galactose kann man auch andere chirale Aldosen einsetzen.
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  • 53
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 2066-2072 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Phosphorpentoxid in der Organischen Synthese, VII. - Synthese von 3-Aryl-3,7-dihydro-4H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-iminenDurch Umsetzung von 2-(Acetylamino)-3-pyrrolcarbonitrilen 1 mit einer Mischung von Phosphorpentoxid, N,N-Dimethylcyclohexanamin und einem geeigneten Arylamin-hydrochlorid bei 150-180 °C werden die Titelverbindungen 2 erhalten. Das verwendete Arylamin-hydrochlorid muß absolut wasserfrei sein, da anderenfalls 4-(Arylamino)pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine 4 als Nebenprodukte entstehen können. - Die Ergebnisse der Prüfung auf Pestizid- und Antikrebs-Wirksamkeit werden mitgeteilt.
    Notes: The title compounds 2 were prepared by treating 2-(acetylamino)-3-pyrrolecarbonitriles 1 with a mixture of phosphorus pentoxide, N,N-dimethylcyclohexanamine, and an appropriate arylamine hydrochloride at 150-180°C. The importance of using absolutely anhydrous arylamine hydrochlorides is stressed because failing this, 4-(arylamino)pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines 4 can be formed as by-products. - The results from pesticide and anticancer screenings are reported.
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  • 54
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 2055-2065 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Transformations with N-Acetylneuraminic Acid, 2From methyl 5-acetylamino-3,5-dideoxy-β-D-glycero-D-galacto-2-nonulopyranosidonic acid methyl ester (1) the 8,9-O-isopropylidene derivative 2 was obtained, which was transformed with pyridinium chlorochromate (PCC) or pyridinium fluorochromate (PFC) into the 4-keto derivative 3 (Scheme 1). Treatment of 2 with triphenylphosphane/diethyl azodicarboxylate and hydrazoic acid yields the oxazoline derivative 4. Compound 4 can be converted with hydrochloric acid in methanol to give the methyl 4-O-acetyl-5-acetylamino-3,5-dideoxy-β-D-glycero-D-talo-2-nonulopyranosidonic acid methyl ester (5a) and the derivatives 5b - d. methyl 5-acetylamino-7,8-anhydro-4,9-bis-O-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-3,5-dideoxy-α-L-glycero-2-nonulopyranosidonic acid methyl ester (6) and the analogous 7,8-anhydro-β-D-glycero-L-altro derivative 8 were transformed with chlorotrimethylsilane and sodium iodide into the corresponding 8-iodo-8-deoxy-β-D-glycero-d-galacto- or the 8-iodo-8-deoxy-α-L-glycero-L-altro-2-nonulopyranosidonic acid methyl ester derivatives 7b-d or 9b, respectively (Scheme 2). Treatment of 10 with N,N-dimethylformamide dimethyl acetal yields - via the intermediates 11 and 12 - either with acetic anhydride the epoxides 6 and 8 or with methyl iodide the methyl 5-acetylamino-4,9-bis-O-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-3,5,8-trideoxy-7-O-formyl-8-iodo-α-L-glycero-D-galacto-2-nonulopyranosidonic acid methyl ester (13) and the 7-deoxy-7-iodo-β-D-glycero-L-altro derivatives 14 and 14a. Reaction of 13, 14, or 14a with sodium methoxide yields the 7,8-anhydro-β-D_glycero-D-galacto-2-Nonulopyranosidonic acid methyl ester derivative 15, the 9-O_(tert-butyldimethylsilyl) group can be selectively removed with tetrabutylammonium fluoride to give 15a (Scheme 3). Structure elucidation was achieved by 1H NMR spectra of the corresponding acetates.
    Notes: Methyl-5-acetylamino-3,5-didesoxy-β-D-glycero-D-galacto-2-nonulopyranosidonsäure-methylester (1) wurde über das 8,9-O-Isopropylidenderivat 2 mit Pyridiniumchlorochromat (PCC) oder Pyridiniumfluorochromat (PFC) in das 4-Ketoderivat 3 übergeführt (Schema 1). Mit Triphenyl-phosphan/Azodicarbonsäure-diethylester und Stickstoffwassersäure ergibt 2 das Oxazolinderivat 4, das mit Salzsäure in Methanol in den Methyl-4-O-acetyl-5-acetylamino-3,5-didesoxy-β-D-glycero-D-talo-2-nonulopyranosidonsäure-methylester (5a) und die Derivate 5b-d umgewandelt wird. Der Methyl-5-acetylamino-7,8-anhydro-4,9-bis-O-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-3,5-didesoxy-α-L-glycero-D-galacto-2-nonulopyranosidonsäure-methylester (6) und das analoge 7,8-Anhydro-β-D-glycero-L-altro-Derivat 8 wurden mit Chlortrimethylsilan und Natriumiodid zu den entsprechenden 8-Iod-8-desoxy-β-D-glycero-D-galacto- bzw. 8-Iod-8-desoxy-α-L-glycero-L-altro-2-nonulopyranosidonsäure-methylester-Derivaten 7b-d bzw. 9b geöffnet (Schema 2). 10 liefert mit N,N-Dimethylformamid-dimethylacetal über die Zwischenstufen 11 und 12 mit Acetanhydrid die Epoxide 6 und 8 oder mit Methyliodid den Methyl-5-acetylamino-4,9-bis-O-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-3,5,8-tridesoxy-7-O-form yl-8-iod-α-L-glycero-D-galacto-2-nonulopyranosidonsäure-methylester (13) und die 7-Desoxy-7-iod-β-D-glycero-L-altro-Derivate 14 und 14a. 13, 14 und 14a können mit Natriummethanolat in das 7,8-Anhydro-β-D-glycero-D-galacto-2-nonulopyranosidonsäure-methylester-Derivat 15 übergeführt werden, dessen 9-O-(tert-Butyldimethylsilyl)-Gruppe selektiv mit Tetrabutylammoniumfluorid unter Bildung von 15a entfernt werden kann (Schema 3).
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  • 55
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 2127-2134 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: New Ladbane Derivatives from Aristeguietia pseudoarboreaThe investigation of the aerial parts of Aristeguietia pseudoarborea afforded in addition to widespread compounds five new labdane derivatives the structures of which have been elucidated by spectroscopic methods and a few chemical transformations. The absolute configuration could be deduced from the positive Cotton effect of a ketone which was obtained by partial acetylation and oxidation of the main constituent.
    Notes: Die Untersuchung der oberirdischen Teile von Aristeguietia pseudoarborea ergab neben weitverbreiteten Verbindungen fünf neue Labdan-Derivate, deren Strukturen durch spektroskopische Methoden und einige chemische Umwandlungen geklärt wurden. Die absolute konfiguration wurde aus dem positiven Cotton-Effekt eines Ketons abgeleitet, das durch partielle Acetylierung und Oxidation der Hauptverbindung erhalten wurde.
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  • 56
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    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 2135-2140 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: High Pressure Experiments, XII. - Application of High Pressure on Wittig Reactions with Resonance Stabilized YlidesAt pressures of about 10 kbar the reaction of aldehydes with resonance stabilized ylides gets strongly accelerated. The yield of the trans-olefin is increased.
    Notes: Unter Druck von etwa 10 kbar wird die Reaktion von Aldehyden mit resonanzstabilisierten Yliden stark beschleunigt. Dabei wird der Anteil des trans-Olefins erhöht.
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  • 57
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    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 2151-2163 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthetic Anthracyclinones, XXIII. - Synthesis and Configuration of the Stereoisomeric AklavinonesThe keto ester 19 is obtained via Arndt-Eistert homologisation of the anthraquinone carboxylic acid 17a. Base treatment of 19 leads to the epimeric cyclisation products 21 and 24. The methyl ethers 21 and 24 can be split to give the bisphenols 3 and 25. The hydroxy groups at C-4 are introduced via homolytic bromination and solvolysis with aqueous tetrahydrofuran. The products of natural configuration 3 and 21 mainly give the cis-2,4-diols 1a and 22 (cis/trans ≈ 10: 1) whereas the epimers 24 and 25 yield the trans-2,4-diols 27 and 6 as the main products (cis/trans ≈ 1:4).
    Notes: Der Ketoester 19 wird durch Arndt-Eistert-Homologisierung aus der Anthrachinoncarbonsäure 17a erhalten. Basenbehandlung von 19 führt zu den epimeren Cyclisierungsprodukten 21 und 24. Die Methylether 21 und 24 können mit Aluminiumchlorid zu den Bisphenolen 3 und 25 gespalten werden. Die Hydroxygruppen an C-4 werden durch homolytische Bromierung und Solvolyse mit wäßrigem Tetrahydrofuran eingeführt. Die Produkte natürlicher Konfiguration 3 und 21 liefern hauptsächlich die cis-2,4-Diole 1a und 22 (cis/trans ≈ 10: 1), während bei den Epimeren 24 und 25 die trans-2,4-Diole 27 und 6 überwiegen (cis/trans ≈ 1: 4).
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  • 58
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    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 2173-2184 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis of the Tetrose Building Unit of the Chromomycinone Side Chain from D-GalactoseApplication of the reaction sequence isopropylidenation, benzylation, and acetal cleavage to ethyl β-D-galactofuranoside (1) leads to the diol 4. The fucose derivative 15 is prepared from 4 by different routes and further transformed into its methyl ether 17. Following hydrogenolysis to 18 this compound is oxidatively cleaved using periodic acid, and acetal formation yields the D-threose synthon 20 of the chromomycinone side chain.
    Notes: Aus Ethyl-β-D-galactofuranosid (1) wird nach Isopropylidenierung, Benzylierung und saurer Acetalspaltung das Diol 4 erhalten. Auf verschiedenen Wegen läßt sich daraus das Fucosederivat 15 darstellen und zum Methylether 17 umsetzen. Nach Hydrogenolyse zu 18 ist durch Periodatspaltung und saure Acetalisierung das D-Threose-Synthon 20 der Chromomycinon-Seitenkette zu gewinnen.
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  • 59
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 2197-2214 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Chemistry and Stereochemistry of Iridoids, III. - About the Synthesis of 12-epi-ProstaglandinsA general applicable synthetic route to 12-epi-prostaglandins, which are difficult to prepare by known syntheses, is described. As examples the 12-epi-PGF2β (11) and its 15R epimer are synthesized. By alteration of the synthesis the already known PGF2β (11a) and its 15 R epimer can be prepared. The configurations of the obtained prostaglandins are established chemically and spectroscopically.
    Notes: Es wird ein allgemein anwendbarer Syntheseweg zu 12-epi-Prostaglandinen beschrieben, die nach den bekannten Synthesen nur schwer herstellbar sind. Als Beispiel wird das 12-epi-PGF2ß (11) und sein 15R-Epimeres synthetisiert. Durch Abwandlung der Synthese kann auch das schon bekannte PGF2β (11a) und sein 15R-Epimeres hergestellt werden. Die Konfigurationen der erhaltenen Prostaglandine werden chemisch und spektroskopisch bewiesen.
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  • 60
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Cycloarene, eine neue Klasse aromatischer Verbindungen, III. - Studien zur Synthese des Cyclo[d,e,d,e,e,d,e,d,e,e]decakisbenzensVersuche zur Synthese des Cycloarens 2 aus Benzo[c]phenanthren-Bausteinen werden mitgeteilt: Aus 3, über dessen Darstellung auf verschiedenen Wegen berichtet wird, wurden die Bis(brommethyl)- und Bis(mercaptomethyl)-Verbindungen 4 bzw. 5 erhalten. Cyclisierung von 4 und 5 ergab 12, aus dem durch Schwefel-Extrusion das carbocyclische System 14 dargestellt wurde. Stevens-Umlagerung von 12 und nachfolgende Eliminierung lieferten 17. Scholl-Reaktion von 14 führte durch nur einseitige Cyclisierung zur Bildung von 18. Ähnlich ergab die Photo-Cyclodehydrierung von 17 nicht 2, sondern 19. - Das neue helicale aromatische System, das in 18 und 19 vorliegt, wird auf der Grundlage spektroskopischer Ergebnisse diskutiert.
    Notes: Attempts to synthesize the cycloarene 2 starting from benzo[c]phenanthrene building blocks are reported: From 3, the preparation of which along different routes is dealt with, bis(bromomethyl) and bis(mercaptomethyl) derivatives 4 and 5, respectively, were obtained. Cyclisation of 4 and 5 yielded 12 from which by sulfur extrusion the carbocyclic system 14 was prepared. Stevens rearrangement of 12 and subsequent elimination yielded 17. Scholl reaction of 14 resulted in the formation of 18 by only one-sided cyclisation. Similarly, photo-cyclodehydrogenation of 17 did not yield 2 but 19. - The new helical aromatic systems present in 18 and 19 are discussed on the basis of spectroscopic results.
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  • 61
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    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983) 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 62
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    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 8-12 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis of 2 Substituted 2-PyrrolidonesThe preparation of the 2-pyrrolidone derivatives 6a, b via β-formyldicarboxylates 4a, b _ starting from 1a, b and 2a, b _ is described; reaction of 4a and 4b in ethanol in the presence of ammonium carbonate gave 5a and 6a, b, respectively. 6a was separated by chromatography into the isomers 7 and 8, 5a is also obtained by reaction of 4a in ethanol in the presence of p-toluenesulfonic acid; 5a in ethanol in the presence of ammonium carbonate at room temperature remained unchanged after 3 days.
    Notes: Die Darstellung der 2-Pyrrolidonderivate 6a, b über die β-Formyldicarbonsäure-diester 4a, b wird beschrieben _ ausgehend von 1a bzw. 1b und 2a bzw. 2b; mehrtägiges Stehenlassen von 4a oder 4b führt in Ethanol in Gegenwart von Ammoniumcarbonat zu 5a sowie zu 6a, b, wobei 5b nicht isoliert worden ist. 6a kann in die Isomeren 7 und 8 getrennt werden. 5a entsteht auch bei der Reaktion von 4a mit Ethanol in Gegenwart von p-Toluolsulfonsäure, welches sich nach 3tägigem Stehenlassen bei Raumtemperatur in Ethanol in Anwesenheit von Ammoniumcarbonat nicht verändert.
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  • 63
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    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 18-23 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Reactions of 3,4,4-Trichloro-3-butennitrile with Thiolates and AminesThe reactions of the title compound 2 with thiolates and amines start with a prototropic rearrangement to 4, followed by nucleophilic substitutions of chlorine to give the Z compounds 5 and 8, respectively, which completely or partly rearrange to yield the more stable E isomers 6 and 9, respectively. In the case of pentachlorothiophenolate, however, the Z isomer 5b is stable, probably due to steric reasons.
    Notes: Die Reaktionen der Titelverbindung 2 mit Thiolaten und Aminen beginnen mit der prototropen Umlagerung zu 4. Durch nucleophile Substitution von Chlor entstehen daraus die Z-Verbindungen 5 bzw. 8, die sich im weiteren Verlauf vollständig oder teilweise in die stabilen E-Isomeren 6 bzw. 9 umlagern. Das mit Pentachlorthiophenolat erhaltene Z-Isomere 5b ist wahrscheinlich aus sterischen Gründen stabil.
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  • 64
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    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 107-111 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The Chemistry of the Amino Oximes, XVI. The Properties of 2-Pyrimidone N-Oxide DerivativesBy reaction of anti-β-amino ketoximes 1a-d with phosgene, 2-pyrimidone N-oxide derivatives 2a-d are formed as intermediates which react in different ways. By tautomerisation of 2a the 3,6-dihydro-3-hydroxy-2(1H-pyrimidinone derivative 3a and by addition of water to 2b the 3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-3,4-dihydroxy-2(1H)-pyrimidinone 3b is formed. 1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition of the 2-pyrimidone N-oxide 2c to the tautomeric ene-hydroxylamine 3c yields the spiro compound 4. By [3 + 3] cycloaddition of the N-oxide 2d the pentacyclic ring system 6 is formed
    Notes: Aus den anti-β-Amino-ketoximen 1a-d entstehen mit Phosgen intermediär die 2-Pyrimidon-N-oxid-Derivate 2a-d, die unterschiedlich weiterreagieren. Durch Tautomerie bildet sich aus 2a das 3,6-Dihydro-3-hydroxy-2(1H)-pyrimidinon 3a, durch Addition von Wasser an 2b das 3,4,5,6-Tetrahydro-3,4-dihydroxy-2(1H)-pyrimidinon 3b. Aus dem 2-Pyrimidon-N-oxid 2c und seinem tautomeren En-hydroxylamin 3c entsteht durch [3+2]-Cycloaddition die Spiroverbindung 4 und aus dem N-Oxid 2d durch [3+3]-Cycloaddition das pentacyclische System 6.
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  • 65
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis, characterization and stereochemistry of Bridged Intramolecularly alkylated Cobaloximes; monomeric and Dimeric complexes of different configurationLigands have been synthesized containing two vicinaldioxime functions joined by a carbon chain to which is attached in the centre a bromomethyl or chloromethyl group (20, 22, 25). These ligands, upon reaction with cobalt(II) chloride in the presence of pyridine and sodium borohydride afforded bridged intramolecularly alkylated cobaloximes. When the vicinal dioxime functions are separated by a chain of nine carbon atoms mainly dimeric complexes are formed. Two of these, 26, and 27, were isolated and characterized by spectroscopic methods and their structures were established by X-ray crystallography. Ligands containing eleven or thirteen carbon atoms between the dioxime functions afforded mainly monomeric cobaloximes with cis configuration, e. g. 28. The trans-monomeric complex 30 was produced along with the cis isomer when the number of carbon atoms in the bridge was raised to fifteen.
    Notes: Liganden werden synthetisiert, in denen zwei vicinale Dioximfunktionen durch eine Kohlenwasserstoffkette, die in der Mitte eine Brommethyl-oder Chlormethylgruppe trägt, verbunden sind (20, 22, 25). Umsetzung dieser Liganden mit Cobalt(II)-chlorid in Gegenwart von Pyridin und Natriumboranat ergibt überbrückte, intramolekular alkylierte Cobaloxime. Wenn die Dioxim-funktionen durch neun C-Atome getrennt sind, entstehen hauptsächlich dimere Produkte, von denen zwei Diastereomere, 26 und 27, isoliert und sowohl spektroskopisch als auch durch Röntgenstrukturanalyse charakterisiert wurden. Bei elf oder dreizehn C-Atomen zwischen den Dioximfunktionen entstehen hauptsächlich monomere Cobaloxime mit cis-Konfiguration, wie 28 Das trans-Monomere 30 entsteht (neben dem cis-Monomeren) erst, wenn die Anzahl der C-Atome in der Brücke af fünfzehn erhöht wird.
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  • 66
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Wasserstoffentwicklung aus Viologen-Radikalen und aus photochemisch reduzierten Zinn(IV) Porphyrinen in Gegenwart von Kolloidalem PlatinDie Stöchiometrie der platinkatalysierten Reaktion von zwei Methylviologen-Radikalkationen mit zwei Protonen zu zwei Methylviologen-Dikationen und einem Molekül Wasserstoff wird belegt. - Wasserlösliche Zinn(IV)-Porphyrine werden mittels EDTA und sichtbarem Licht über Chlorine zu Isobakteriochlorinen reduziert. In Gegenwart von kolloidalem Platin bleibt die Isobakteriochlorin-Bildung aus, und molekularer Wasserstoff wird gebildet. Der Umsatz beträgt etwa 25 Mol Wasserstoff pro Mol Porphyrin und Stunde. Isobakteriochlorine werden in Gegenwart von Platin unter Luft oder Argon zu Chlorinen dehydriert
    Notes: The stoichiometry of the platinum-catalyzed reaction of two methylviologen radical cations and two protons yielding two methylviologen dications and one molecule of hydrogen is demonstrated. -Watersoluble tin(IV) porphyrins are reduced by EDTA and visible light, first to give chlorins, then isobacteriochlorins. No isobacteriochlorin is formed in the presence of colloidal platinum, but hydrogen is produced. The conversion is about 25 moles of hydrogen per mole of porphyrin and hour. Isobacteriochlorins are dehydrogenated to give chlorins in the presence of colloidal platinum. The reaction takes place either in the air or under argon.
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  • 67
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    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 274-278 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthese von N-Cyandithiocarbimidic acid Acid DerivativesThe nucleophilic dithiocarbonimidic acid derivatives 2a _ e and the isothiourea 2f react with the α-D-glucopyranosyl bromide 1 to yield the corresponding esters 3a _ f (cf. Scheme 1). 2a gives with the 3-hexenopyranos-2-ulosyl chloride 4 the ester 5b. Bis(bromomethyl)quinoxaline (8) yields with 2a _ c the esters 10a _ c (cf. Scheme 2). The reaction of the dipotassium salt 6 with 4 provides di-O-benzoylkojic acid (7), and with 8 the cyclic N-cyanodithiocarbonimidate 9 is obtained
    Notes: Die nucleophilen Dithiocarbimidsäure-Derivate 2a _ e sowie der Isothioharnstoff-Abkömmling 2f reagieren gemäß Schema 1 mit dem α-D-Glucopyranosylbromid 1 zu den Estern 3a _ f. Verbindung 2a liefert mit dem 3-Hexenopyranos-2-ulosylchlorid 4 den Ester 5b. Bis(brommethyl)chinoxalin (8) ergibt mit 2a _ c gemäß Schema 2 die Ester 10a _ c. Das Dikaliumsalz 6 liefert mit 4 Di-O-benzoylkojisäure (7) und mit 8 den cyclischen N-Cyandithiocarbimidsäure-diester 9.
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  • 68
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 220-225 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis of the Lycopodium-Alkaloids rac-α-Obscurin through 1,3-Anullation of an EnimineAcid catalysed 1,3-annulation of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6-methyl-2-oxopyridine (1) to the enimine 3, followed by methylation, provides a new regio and stereoselective route to rac-α-obscurine (5). Reduction of rac-N-demethyl-α-obscurine with LiAlH4 yields rac-lycodine (11) and rac-deacetyl-flabellidine (9). A new pathway for the biogenesis of the β-amino-imine 9 is suggested.
    Notes: Die säurekatalysierte 1,3-Anellierung von 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-6-methyl-2-oxopyridin (1) an das Enimin 3 liefert nach anschließender Methylierung regio- und stereoselektiv rac-α-Obscurin (5). Reduktion von rac-N-Desmethyl-α-obscurin (4) mit Lithiumaluminiumhydrid führt zur Bildung von rac-Lycodin (11) und rac-Desacetylflabellidin (9). Für das β-Amino-Imin 9 wird ein neuer Biogeneseweg vorgeschlagen.
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  • 69
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 261-266 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Substituent Dependence in the synthesis of 2-Oxazolidinones from Phenyloxiranes, 2In the reaction with urea, the trans configurated glycidic esters 4a _ d yield the predominantly new 5-aryl-2-oxooxazolidin-4-carboxylates 5 and 4-aryl-2-oxooxazolidin-5-carboxylates 6. 4,5-cis5b, 4,5-cis 6b, 4,5-cis 6c, and 4,5-trans 6d have been isolated in pure form, the other compounds a _ c paired as mixtures. The structures and the configurations of the components are deduced from the 1H NMR spectra. In general, the carboxylate group influences the formation of the oxazolidinones much more than the phenyl substitent
    Notes: Die trans-konfigurierten Glycidester 4a-d ergeben bei der Reaktion mit Harnstoff in Dimethyl-formamid die zum größten Teil neuen 5-Aryl-2-oxooxazolidin-4-carbonsäureester 5 und 4-Aryl-2-oxooxazolidin-5-carbonsäureester 6.4,5-cis-5b4,5-cis-6b und 4,5-cis-6c Sowie 4,5-trans-6d werden in reiner Form, die restlichen Verbindungen a-c paarig als Gemische isoliert. Die Strukturen und die Konfigurationen der Komponenten werden aus den 1H-NMR-Spektren abgeleitet. Allgemein beeinflußt die Carbonsäureestergruppe die Oxazolidinonbildung stärker als der Phenylrest.
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  • 70
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    Liebigs Annalen 1980 (1980), S. 394-402 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Self-condensation of (β-Alkoxycarbonylalkylidene)ammonium SaltsIminium chlorides or trifluoroacetates of type 2, formed by protonation of β-(alkoxycarbonyl)-enamines 1, have been proved to undergo condensation to give derivatives of 4-alkyl-2-amino-6-hydroxybenzoic acid 6 via elimination of ammonium salt and alcohol. The structures of 6 had been established by spectroscopic data as well as by further reactions. The range of application of this condensation reaction has been studied and the mechanism is discussed. In the primary step presumably a nucleophilic attack on the alkoxycarbonyl group of the iminium salt 2 takes place by the enamine 1 present in the equilibrium. Analogous reactions are also found for homologues of the enamine 1 (e.g. 11, 13 and 17) to give the condensation products 12, 14, 15, and 20.
    Notes: Durch Protonierung von β-(Alkoxycarbonyl)enaminen 1 gebildete Iminiumchloride oder -trifluoracetate 2 kondensieren unter Abspaltung von Ammoniumsalz und Alkohol zu Derivaten der 4-Alkyl-2-amino-6-hydroxybenzoesäure 6, deren Strukturen spektroskopisch und durch Umsetzungen gesichert werden. Die Anwendungsbreite der Reaktion wird ermittelt und ihr Mechanismus diskutiert. Vermutlich wird primär das Iminiumsalz 2 von dem mit ihm im Gleichgewicht vorliegenden Enamin 1 nucleophil an der Alkoxycarbonylgruppe angegriffen. Analog reagieren auch homologe Enamine von 1, beispielsweise 11, 13 und 17 zu den Kondensationsprodukten 12, 14, 15 und 20.
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  • 71
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    Liebigs Annalen 1980 (1980), S. 409-415 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Thermolysis of ortho-Chloro-Substituted 1,2-DiarylethylenediaminesOn heating bis(2,6-dichlorophenyl)ethylenediamines 1a - d give indoles and  -  in the case of the racemates 1b and d  -  tetrahydroindoloindoles. The d,1-form of the corresponding 2,4-dichloro compound 1f leads to a 2,4,5-triarylimidazolidine, the meso-form 1e to an aziridine, whose formation via a 2,cis-4,5-triarylimidazolidine appears likely from mechanistic considerations.
    Notes: Die Bis(2,6-dichlorphenyl)ethylendiamine 1a - d reagieren bei der Thermolyse zu Indolen und im Falle der Racemate 1b und d auch zu Tetrahydroindoloindolen. Die d,1-Form der entsprechenden 2,4-Dichlorverbindung 1f führt zu einem 2,4,5-Triarylimidazolidin, die meso-Form 1e zu einem Aziridin, dessen Bildung über ein 2,cis-4,5-Triarylimidazolidin durch mechanistische Betrachtungen wahrscheinlich gemacht werden konnte.
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  • 72
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1980 (1980), S. 512-517 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Ligand Structure and Complexation, LIII1).  -  Non-cyclic Neutral Ligands with Two Central Pyridine Units and Rigid Donor End GroupsThe synthesis and properties of the title compounds, which are rendered comparatively rigid by the two pyridine rings, are described. Their complexation with alkali, alkaline earth and transition metal ions is examined. The crystalline complexes often contain stoichiometric amounts of water. 1H-NMR spectra show that helical ligand conformations are present in solutions of the complexes.  -  Neutral molecules like urea and thiourea are also shown to form stoichiometric complexes with the new ligands.
    Notes: Synthese und Eigenschaften der durch zwei Pyridinringe versteiften Titelverbindungen werden beschrieben. Ihre Komplexierung mit Alkali-, Erdalkali- und übergangsmetallionen wird unter-sucht. Die kristallinen Komplexe enthalten häufig stöchiometrische Mengen Wasser. Die 1H-NMR-Spektren zeigen, daß in Lösungen der Komplexe helikal gewundene Ligandkonformationen vorliegen.  -  Mit Neutralmolekülen wie Harnstoff und Thioharnstoff wurden gleichfalls stöchiometrische Komplexe isoliert.
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  • 73
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Biologically Active Glycosides from Asteroidea, I1).  -  Structures of a New Cerebroside Mixture and of Two Nucleosides from the Starfish Acanthaster planciFrom the starfish Acanthaster planci the new cerebroside mixture 1 (11.7 mg per individual of average weight 150 g) and the two nucleosides 2 (2.4 mg per individual) and 3 (1.1 mg per individual) have been isolated. Acid catalyzed methanolysis of 1 afforded the methyl esters of four α-hydroxy fatty acids [tetracosanoate (major component), tricosanoate, docosanoate, and nonadecanoate], two 2-amino-1,3,4-alkanetriols [heptadecanetriol (major component) and octadecanetriol], and methyl glucoside. The nucleosides 2 and 3 have been identified as thymine deoxyribonucleoside and uracil deoxyribonucleoside, respectively. Apart from conventional analytical methods, field desorption mass spectrometry (FD-MS) was successfully used for the first time for the determination and confirmation of the structures of naturally occurring glycolipids and nucleosides.
    Notes: Aus dem Seestern Acanthaster planci wurden das neue Cerebrosidgemisch 1 (11.7 mg pro Individuum bei einem mittleren Körpergewicht von 150 g) sowie die beiden Nucleoside 2 (2.4 mg pro Individuum) und 3 (1.1 mg pro Individuum) isoliert. Die säurekatalysierte Methanolyse von 1 ergab die Methylester von vier α-Hydroxyfettsäuren [Tetracosanoat (Hauptbestandteil), Tricosanoat, Docosanoat und Nonadecanoat] zwei 2-Amino-1,3,4-alkantriole [Heptadecantriol (Hauptbestandteil) und Octadecantriol] sowie Methylglucosid. Die Nucleoside 2 und 3 wurden als Thymindesoxyribonucleosid bzw. Uracildesoxyribonucleosid identifiziert. Neben den konventionellen analytischen Methoden wurde erstmals die Felddesorption-Massenspektrometrie (FD-MS) für die Bestimmung und Absicherung der Struktur natürlich vorkommender Glykolipide und Nucleoside erfolgreich eingesetzt.
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  • 74
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    Liebigs Annalen 1980 (1980), S. 686-692 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Cycloaddition Reactions of α-Chloroalkylideneamine Oxides with Hetero-enes, I; Carbonyl CompoundsCycloaddition reaction of N-(2-chloroethylidene)cyclohexylamine oxide (2) with the hetero-enes 1a - 1f at 10°C in the presence of AgBF4 in 1,2-dichloroethane as solvent furnishes the reactive, dipolar intermediate iminium salts 3a - 3f. Subsequent reduction of 3a - 3f in water by NaBH4 yields the substituted 1,3-dioxa-4-azacyclohexanes 4a - 4f. From the bicyclic “hetero-ene” camphor (5) and from cholestanone (8) the spirocyclic compounds 7 and 9 have been obtained in an analogous way.  -  On the other hand, reaction of the hetero-enes 1c, 1e, 1f, and cyclododecanone (11) with 2 in the presence of AgBF4 give the iminium salts 3c, 3e, 3f and 12 which, in aquous 10% KCN solution, yield the nitriles 10a - 10c and 13 as mixtures of their isomers.
    Notes: Durch Cycloaddition des aus N-(2-Chlorethyliden)cyclohexylamin-oxid (2) in Gegenwart von AgBF4 in 1,2-Dichlorethan bei -10°C entstehenden reaktiven dipolaren Zwischenprodukts an die Hetero-ene 1a - 1f sowie anschließende reduktive Behandlung der Iminiumsalze 3a - 3f mit NaBH4 in Wasser entstehen die substituierten 1,3-Dioxa-4-azacyclohexane 4a - 4f; aus dem bi-cyclischen “Hetero-en” Campher (5) und aus Cholestanon (8) werden in analoger Weise die spiro-cyclischen Verbindungen 7 bzw. 9 erhalten.  -  Andererseits werden aus 1c, 1e, 1f sowie aus Cyclododecanon (11) mit 2 in Gegenwart von AgBF4 und anschließender Reaktion der Iminiumsalze 3c, 3e, 3f bzw. 12 mit 10proz. wäßriger KCN-Lösung die Nitrile 10a - 10c sowie 13 als Isomerengemische synthetisiert.
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  • 75
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    Liebigs Annalen 1980 (1980), S. 693-698 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis of Heteroaromatic Substituted Ureas and ChloroformamidinesCurtius degradation of heteroaromatic carbonyl azides leads to isocyanates, which react with amines to give the trisubstituted ureas 1. Some of these can be converted into the corresponding chloroformamidines 2 by chlorination with CCl4/(C6H5)3P.
    Notes: Der Curtius-Abbau heteroaromatischer Carbonsäureazide führt zu Isocyanaten, die mit sekundären Aminen zu den trisubstituierten Harnstoffen 1 reagieren. Einige dieser Harnstoffe können durch Chlorierung mit CCl4/(C6H5)3P in die entsprechenden Chlorformamidine 2 übergeführt werden.
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  • 76
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Preparation of Bi- and Tricyclic PyrrolesHerrn Prof. Dr. Dr. h. c. R. Huisgen in freundschaftlicher Verbundenheit zum 60. Geburtstag gewidmet.Phthalimidoalkane-1,4-diones smoothly react with aromatic and aliphatic amines to give the substituted (phthalimidoalkyl)pyrroles 1 - 16. Hydrazinolysis of these compounds yields tricyclic 4H-pyrrolo[1,2-a][1,4]benzodiazepines 17 - 23 and bicyclic pyrrolo[1,2-c]imidazoles 24, 25, pyrrolo[1,2-c]pyrimidines 26, 27, pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines 28 - 30, and pyrrolo[2,1-d][1,4]diazepines 31, 32, respectively.
    Notes: Phthalimidoalkan-1,4-dione lassen sich leicht mit aromatischen und aliphatischen Aminen zu substituierten (Phthalimidoalkyl)pyrrolen 1 - 16 umsetzen; die anschließende Hydrazinolyse der Produkte liefert die tricyclischen 4H-Pyrrolo[1,2-a][1,4]benzodiazepine 17 - 23 bzw. die bicyclischen Pyrrolo[1,2-c]imidazole 24, 25, Pyrrolo[1,2-c]pyrimidine 26, 27, Pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine 28 - 30 und Pyrrolo[2,1-d][1,4]diazepine 31, 32.
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  • 77
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Addition of Organozinc Compounds to C = C-Bonds, III1).  -  Addition of Bis(2-methylallyl)zinc to para- and meta-Substituted StyrenesA Hammett correlation between the ratio of M → Cprim/M → Csec addition and the substituent constants s̰+ has been found for the addition of bis(2-methylallyl)zinc (1) to p- and m-substituted styrenes 2 - 8. Electron donating substituents favour M → Cprim addition, electron withdrawing substituents M → Csec addition.
    Notes: Für die Addition von Bis(2-methylallyl)zink (1) an p- und m-substituierte Styrole 2 - 8 wurde eine Hammett-Beziehung zwischen dem Verhältnis von M → Cprim/M → Csek-Addition und den Substituentenkonstanten s̰+ gefunden. Elektronenabgebende Substituenten begünstigen die M → Cprim-Addition, elektronenanziehende Substituenten die M → Csek-Addition.
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  • 78
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Reactions of Nickelocene with Organomagnesium Halides and Preparation of η3-Allyl-η5-cyclopentadienylnickel ComplexesNickelocene (1) reacts in ether/THF (ca. 5:1) with the 2-alkenylmagnesium compounds 2 - 5 and 11 in a molar ratio Ni/Mg - R = 1 to give the η3-allyl-η5-cyclopentadienylnickel complexes 6 - 9 and 12. Analogous compounds 14 - 19 are formed by the reaction of isopropyl- or isobutylmagnesium halide and 1,3-dienes with 1. Mixtures of isomeric allyl complexes are formed in the reaction of unsymmetrically substituted 1,3-dienes. The mixtures of syn-anti isomers equilibrate at 90°C. At 120°C an equilibration between the allylic isomers occurs.
    Notes: Nickelocen (1) reagiert in Ether/THF (ca. 5:1) mit den 2-Alkenylmagnesiumverbindungen 2 - 5 und 11 im Molverhältnis Ni/Mg - R = 1 glatt zu den η3-Allyl-η5-cyclopentadienylnickel-Komplexen 6 - 9 und 12. Analoge Verbindungen 14 - 19 entstehen bei gleichzeitiger Einwirkung von Isopropyl- oder Isobutylmagnesiumhalogeniden und 1,3-Dien auf 1. Mit unsymmetrisch substituierten 1,3-Dienen entstehen Mischungen isomerer Allylkomplexe, die beim Erhitzen auf 90°C in Gleichgewichtsgemische der syn-anti-Isomeren und bei 120°C in solche der Allyl-Isomeren übergehen.
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  • 79
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    Liebigs Annalen 1980 (1980), S. 779-785 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: 1,2-Naphthochinon-Derivate from Cultures of the Mycosymbiont from the Lichen Trypethelium eluteriae (Trypetheliaceae)From cultures of the mycosymbiont of the tropical cortical lichen Trypethelium eluteriae Sprengel the antibiotically active 1,2-naphthoquinones trypethelone (2), trypethelone methyl ether (3), 8-methoxytrypethelone methyl ether (5), and 4′-hydroxy-8-methoxytrypethelone methyl ether (6) have been isolated. The substitution pattern of these new derivatives of (+)-dunnione (1) is in accord with a polyketide biogenesis of the quinone system.
    Notes: Aus Kulturen des Mycosymbionten der tropischen Rindenflechte Trypethelium eluteriae Sprengel wurden die antibiotisch aktiven 1,2-Naphthochinone Trypethelon (2), Trypethelon-methylether (3), 8-Methoxytrypethelon-methylether (5) und 4′-Hydroxy-8-methoxytrypethelon-methylether (6) isoliert. Es handelt sich um Derivate des (+)-Dunnions (1), deren Substituentenanordnung mit einer Polyketidbiogenese des Chinonsystems im Einklang ist.
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    Liebigs Annalen 1980 (1980), S. 786-790 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthese isomerer N-Benzylderivate des 1,2-PropandiaminsBenzaldehyd reagiert mit der 1-Aminogruppe des 1,2-Propandiamins viel leichter zur Schiffschen Base als mit der 2-Aminofunktion. Dieser Unterschied ermöglicht die Synthese aller isomeren Mono-sowie Dibenzylderivate von racemischem und chiralem 1,2-Propandiamin (Schema 1, Tabelle 1).
    Notes: Benzaldehyde reacts with the 1-amino group of 1,2-propanediamine (1) to give a Schiff base much more readily than with the 2-amino group. This difference permits synthesis of all the isomeric mono- and dibenzyl derivatives of racemic and chiral 1,2-propanediamine (Table 1, Scheme 1).
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  • 81
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    Liebigs Annalen 1980 (1980), S. 1283-1295 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Oxidative Rearrangement of α-Benzylideneketones with Thallium(III) Nitrate in MethanolSterically unhindered arylidene- and diarylideneacetones 1 or 2 having electron releasing aryl groups yielded with thallium(III) nitrate in methanol β-ketoacetals 3, 4 and 5, respectively. Electronegatively substituted 1f and sterically hindered 1g and 1h gave the 4-arylcrotonic esters 7 and by-products, while 1,3-dibenzylidenacetone (2a) yielded besides the expected products also the branched acetal esters 13a and 13b. Formation of the anomalous products 7 and 13 can be rationalized assuming a common cyclopropanone type intermediate.
    Notes: Sterisch unbehinderte Aryliden- und Diarylidenacetone 1 bzw. 2 mit elektronenspendenden Aryl-gruppen liefern mit Thallium(III)-nitrat in Methanol die β-Ketoacetale 3, 4 bzw. 5. Das elektronegativ substituierte 1f sowie die sterisch gehinderten Acetonderivate 1g und 1h ergeben die 4-Arylcrotonsäureester 7 und Nebenprodukte, während aus 1,3-Dibenzylidenaceton (2a) neben den erwarteten Produkten auch die verzweigten Acetalester 13a und 13b entstehen. Für die Bildung der anomalen Produkte 7 und 13 wird als gemeinsames Zwischenprodukt ein Cyclopropanonderivat vorgeschlagen.
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  • 82
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    Liebigs Annalen 1980 (1980) 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 83
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    Liebigs Annalen 1980 (1980), S. 1321-1347 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Dimeric Naphthoquinones, IV1).  -  Synthesis of Biramentaceone, Mamegakinone and RotundiquinoneMamegakinone (8a), biramentaceone (12a), 3,3′-bijuglone (8b), 2,2′-bijuglone (12b) and their methyl ethers were prepared by oxidative coupling of substituted 4-methoxy-1-naphthols; indigoids like 24 are intermediates. Cooxidation of the isomeric dimethoxy-1-naphthols 4a, 9a and 4b, 9b yields rotundiquinone dimethyl ether (29c) and 2,3-bijuglone dimethyl ether (29d) in the same manner.  -  Characters and spectra of the compounds are discussed.
    Notes: Mamegakinon (8a), Biramentaceon (12a), 3,3′-Bijuglon (8b) und 2,2′-Bijuglon (12b) sowie deren Methylether wurden durch Phenoloxidation geeignet substituierter 4-Methoxy-1-naphthole über indigoide Zwischenstufen vom Typ 24 synthetisiert. Die Cooxidation der isomeren Dimethoxy-1-naphthole 4a, 9a bzw. 4b, 9b lieferte analog Rotundichinon-dimethylether (29c) und 2,3-Bijuglon-dimethylether (29d).  -  Eigenschaften und Spektren der Verbindungen werden diskutiert.
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    Liebigs Annalen 1980 (1980), S. 1361-1370 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: (Cycloalkylmethyl)bis(η5-cyclopentadienyl)titanium(III) ComplexesReaction of bis(cyclopentadienyl)titanium dichloride (1) and isopropylmagnesium bromide (2) with the methylenecycloalkanes 3-8 (cyclopropane), 35 (cyclobutane), and 37 (cyclopentane) leads to the (cycloalkylmethyl)bis(cyclopentadienyl)titanium(III) compounds 9-14, 36, and 38. The cyclopropylmethyl complexes 12-14, which have at least two geminal methyl substituents, are stable. Compounds 9-11, 36, and 38, in which appropriate substituents are lacking, rearrange by ring opening followed by C = C bond isomerization to give the (η3-allyl)bis(η5-cyclopentadienyl)titanium complexes 23-26 and 40.
    Notes: Bei der Reaktion von Bis(cyclopentadienyl)titandichlorid (1) und Isopropylmagnesiumbromid (2) mit den Methylencycloalkanen 3-8 (Cyclopropan), 35 (Cyclobutan) und 37 (Cyclopentan) entstehen die (Cycloalkylmethyl)bis(cyclopentadienyl)titan(III)-Verbindungen 9-14, 36 und 38. Bei mindestens einer geminalen Dimethylsubstitution sind die Cyclopropylmethyl-Komplexe 12-14 stabil. Bei fehlender oder ungeeigneter Substitution lagern sich die Verbindungen 9-11, 36 und 38 durch Ringöffnung und anschließende C = C-Bindungsisomerisierung in die (η3-Allyl)bis(η5-cyclopentadienyl)titan-Komplexe 23-26 und 40 um.
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  • 85
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    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1980 (1980), S. 28-36 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Syntheses with α-Metalated Isocyanides, XLIII1).  -  Experiments with Lithiated α,ω-Alkylene Diisocyanides1,2-Ethylene diisocyanide (4a) reacts with two equivalents of butyllithium (- 100°C) to give 1,1-dilithio-1,2-ethylene diisocyanide (7) which with ketones yields the oxazines 11. - 1,3-Propylene diisocyanide (4b) reacts with one equivalent butyllithium (- 70°C) to furnish 1-lithio-1,3-propylene diisocyanide (12) which cyclizes to afford 3-lithio-1-pyrrolin-3-yl isocyanide (14). With ketones, chlorotrimethylsilane, and epoxides 14 furnishes the compounds 17-19 and 21. -1,4-Butylene diisocyanide (4c) reacts (- 100°C) with one equivalent butyllithium to give 1-lithio-1,4-butylene diisocyanide (23), and with two equivalents to give 1,4-dilithio-1, 4-butylene diisocyanide (28). Both compounds are thermolabile, but can be trapped by electrophils which react below -60°C.
    Notes: 1,2-Ethylendiisocyanid (4a) reagiert mit zwei Äquivalenten Butyllithium (-100°C) zum 1,1-Dilithio-1,2-ethylendiisocyanid (7), das mit zwei Äquivalenten eines Ketons die Oxazine 11 liefert.  -  1,3-Propylendiisocyanid (4b) liefert mit einem Äquivalent Butyllithium ( - 70°C) 1-Lithio-1,3-propylendiisocyanid (12), das zum 3-Lithio-1-pyrrolin-3-ylisocyanid (14) cyclisiert, welches mit Ketonen, Chlortrimethylsilan und Epoxiden die Verbindungen 17-19 und 21 liefert.  -  1,4-Butylendiisocyanid (4c) ergibt mit einem Äquivalent Butyllithium 1-Lithio-1,4-butylendiisocyanid (23), mit zwei Åquivalenten 1,4-Dilithio-1,4-butylendiisocyanid (28) (- 100°C). Beide Lithiumverbindungen sind thermolabil, können aber mit solchen Elektrophilen abgefangen werden, die bereits unterhalb -60°C reagieren.
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  • 86
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Nucleotides, XI1).  -  Synthesis and Properties of Dinucleoside Monophosphates with Thymidine and 1-(2′-Deoxy-β-D-ribofuranosyl)lumazines as Building BlocksHerrn Prof. Dr. H. Bredereck in Verehrung zum 75. Geburtstag gewidmet.The synthesis of various dinucleoside monophosphates (6a-e) with thymidine (3a) and 1-(2′-deoxy-β-D-ribofuranosyl)lumazines (3b-d) as building blocks via the phosphotriester approach is described. The completely protected phosphotriesters (4a -e) as well as the partially deblocked intermediates (5a-e) have been isolated and characterized by physical methods. Intramolecular interactions in the free dinucleoside monophosphates 6a-e have been detected by the determination of the hypochromicities and measurement of CD spectra, revealing a small base-stacking effect. Enzymatic hydrolysis of the dinucleoside monophosphates with snake venom and spleen phospodiesterase strongly depends on various structural features and is greatly retarded in presence of the 6,7-diphenyllumazine moiety as an aglycone.
    Notes: Die Synthese verschiedener Dinucleosidmonophosphate (6a-e) mit Thymidin (3a) und 1-(2′-Desoxy-β-D-ribofuranosyl)lumazinen (3b-d) als Bausteine wird mit Hilfe der Phosphotriester-Methode realisiert. Die voll- (4a - e) und partiell-geschützten Phosphotriester (5a - e) werden isoliert und durch physikalische Daten charakterisiert. Intramolekulare Wechselwirkungen in den freien Dinucleosidmonophosphaten 6a-e werden durch Bestimmung der Hypochromizitäten und Aufnahme von CD-Spektren nachgewiesen und deuten auf eine schwache Basen-Stapelung hin. Enzymatische Hydrolysen dieser Dinucleosidmonophosphate mit Milz- und Schlangengift-Phosphodiesterase zeigen eine starke Strukturabhängigkeit und sind bei Gegenwart des 6,7-Diphenyllumazins als Aglykon stark verlangsamt.
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  • 87
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1980 (1980), S. 80-100 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Syntheses via Isoxazolines, 41).  -  Base-initiated Ring Opening of 2-Isoxazolines; Synthesis of α-Enoximes and -Enones from Alkenes2,3)The 2-Isoxazolines 2a - e and 5 undergo ring cleavage on treatment with lithium diisopropylamide (LDA) at -78 → 0°C to afford sterically homogeneous α-enoximes 3a-e and 6. 1H- and 13C-NMR data establish that these compounds have retained the C = N-configuration of the starting isoxazoline. Subsequent deoximation by acidic TiCl3 solution in DMF yields the α-enones 4a-e and the tetrahydropyran 7, respectively. This constitutes a new, regioselective sequence (1 → 4) for the acylation of alkenes, which avoids cationic intermediates. Studies to determine the mechanistic course and the scope of the ring cleavage reaction show that endo and/or exo anions are formed first, depending on the substitution pattern. The former may isomerize (≥ -78°C) to produce enoximates; both offer the possibility to prepare new 4- or 3α-substituted isoxazolines by the reaction with electrophiles as demonstrated by two examples (2f, 2h).
    Notes: Die 2-Isoxazoline 2a -e und 5 erleiden unter der Einwirkung von Lithiumdiisopropylamid (LDA) bei - 78 → 0°C Ringöffnung zu den sterisch einheitlichen α-Enoximen 3a - e bzw. 6. Diese weisen nach 1H- und 13C-NMR-Daten die im Edukt vorgegebene C = N-Konfiguration auf. Die anschließende Desoximierung mittels saurer TiCl3-Lösung in DMF liefert die α-Enone 4a-e bzw. das Tetrahydropyran 7. Es liegt somit eine neue regioselektive Alken-Acylierungsfolge (1 → 4) vor, die unter Vermeidung kationischer Zwischenstufen verläuft. Untersuchungen zum Mechanismus und Anwendungsbereich der Ringöffnung zeigen, daß je nach Substitutionsmuster endo-und/oder exo-Isoxazolin-Anionen 10 bzw. 11 gebildet werden. Erstere können zu Enoximaten isomerisieren (≥ -78°C); beide bieten durch Umsetzung mit Elektrophilen die Möglichkeit, neue 4- oder 3α-substituierte Isoxazoline herzustellen, was an zwei Beispielen (2f, 2h) gezeigt wird.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
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  • 88
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1980 (1980), S. 140-157 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Dimeric Naphthoquinones, II1) - Simple and Regioselective Synthesis of Naphthoquinol Monoalkyl Ethers via 2,3-DihydronaphthoquinonesOn catalysis of hydrogen chloride or thionyl chloride, 1,4-naphthalenediole (2 a) reacts with primary or secundary alcohols via the tautomeric 2,3-dihydronaphthoquinone (9) to give naphthoquinol monoalkyl ethers 2b - n in high yields. The influence of the substitution pattern on the regioselectivity of the reaction has been investigated.
    Notes: Naphthohydrochinon (2a) reagiert unter Katalyse von Chlorwasserstoff oder Thionylchlorid über das tautomere 2,3-Dihydronaphthochinon (9) mit primären und sekundären Alkoholen in hoher Ausbeute zu den Naphthohydrochinon-monoalkylethern 2b-n. Der Einfluß von Substituenten auf die Regioselektivität der Reaktion wird untersucht.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 89
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Syntheses via Isoxazolines, 61). - Asymmetric Induction in the Reduction of 2-Isoxazolines to Yield γ-Amino Alcohols with Two or Three Vicinal Stereocentres2,3)The substituted 3-aminopropanols 3 and 5 with two or three adjacent chiral centres are prepared from alkenes and nitrile oxides via LiAlH4 reduction of intermediate isoxazolines 2 and 4, respectively, in a regio- and stereoselective mode. 4-Alkyl groups give rise to β-3 in ca. 40-70% stereo-selectivity. cis-4,5-Disubstitution leads to an excess of 80 - 90% of β-5, in the case of the trans-compound 4b to an excess of 45% of β-5. 1,3-Asymmetric induction here exceeds 1,2-induction, which points to Li…O complexation during the hydride-transferring step. LiAlH4 reduction of 4,5-dimethylisoxazolines 4a and 4b shows approximate additivity of substituent effects (ΔΔG
    Notes: Die substituierten 3-Aminopropanole 3 und 5 mit zwei oder drei benachbarten Chiralitätszentren werden regio- und stereoselektiv aus Alkenen und Nitriloxiden durch LiAlH4-Reduktion der Isoxazolin-Zwischenprodukte 2 bzw. 4 erhalten. 4-Alkylgruppen bewirken bei der Reduktion zu β-3 ca. 40- bis 70proz. Stereoselektivität, bei cis-4,5-Disubstitution wird ein überschuß von 80-90%, bei trans-Stellung (4b) ein solcher von ca. 45% an β-5 erhalten. Die 1,3-asymmetrische Induktion übertrifft dabei die 1,2-Induktion, was mit Li…O-Komplexierung beim Hydrid-Additionsschritt gedeutet wird. Bei der LiAlH4-Reduktion der 4,5-Dimethylisoxazoline 4a und 4b wird näherungsweise Additivität der Substituenteneffekte (ΔΔG
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 90
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Contributions to the Knowledge of the Corrin Chromophore, VIi).  -  Note on the Partial Ozonolytic Ring Cleavage of Dicyano-10-bromocobinamideReaction of dicyano-10-bromocobinamide (1) with 1.2 equivalents of ozone at - 60°C in methanol followed by reductive work-up yields the 5,6-monoseco derivative 2.
    Notes: Die Umsetzung von Dicbano-10-bromcobinamid (1) mit 1.2 Åquivalenten Ozon bei -60°C in Methanol führt nach reduktiver Aufarbeitung zum 5,6-Monoseco-Derivat 2.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 91
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1980 (1980), S. 171-173 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Hydride Eliminations, VIII1).  -  Note on Site-Specific Hydride Abstraction from CarbanionsReaction of lithium and magnesium alkyl compounds at - 20 to 0°C with ethylene in the presence of nickel chloride leads under β-hydride abstraction to completely site-specific olefin formation. In stereochemically relevant cases the formation of the thermodynamically less stable Hofmann product is slightly preferred.
    Notes: Lithium- und Magnesiumalkylverbindungen reagieren bei - 20 bis 0°C mit Ethylen in Gegenwart von Nickelchlorid unter β-Hydridabstraktion in streng positionsspezifischer Bildung zu Olefinen. In stereochemisch relevanten Füllen wird die Bildung des thermodynamisch weniger stabilen Hofmann-Produkts geringfügig bevorzugt.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 92
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Contributions to the Knowledge of the Corrin Chromophore, VII1).  -  Note on the Reaction of Methyl Diazoacetate with Lactams; a Model Reaction for the Cyclisation of 5,6-DioxomonosecocorrinsThe copper-catalyzed reaction of methyl diazoacetate with the lactam 1 or the thiolactams 3 and 4 yields the O and S-alkylated products. In the case of lactam 2 the N-alkyl compound 10 is obtained.
    Notes: Die Umsetzung von Diazoessigsäure-methylester mit dem Lactam 1 oder den Thiolactamen 3 und 4 führt unter Kupferkatalyse zu O- bzw. S-alkylierten Produkten, im Falle des Lactams 2 zur N-Alkylverbindung 10.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 93
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1980 (1980), S. 185-191 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis of Naturally Occurring p-Hydroxyacetophenone Derivatives, III Synthese natürlich vorkommender p-Hydroxyacetophenon-Derivate, IIIHerrn Prof. Dr. M. Seefelder zum 60. Geburtstag gewidmet.Starting with different p-hydroxyacetophenone derivatives ten naturally occurring compounds have been synthesized. The synthesis of the vinyl chromene 18 gave unexpected difficulties as the dehydration of the corresponding alcohol was not successful. However, the tosylhydrazone 17 afforded the desired vinyl compound.
    Notes: Ausgehend von p-Hydrogxyacetophenon-Derivaten wurden zehn natürlich vorkommende Verbindungen dargestellt. Die Synthese des Vinylchromens 18 machte unerwartete Schwierigkeiten, da die Wasserabspaltung bei dem entsprechenden Alkohol nicht gelang. Jedoch liefert das Tosylhydrazon 17 die gewünschte Vinylverbindung.
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  • 94
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Studies on β-Lactam Synthesis, VI.  -  Exchange of Tritylthio and Methylthio Groups in N-Protected Alkyl 2-(trans-4-Alkylthio-3-amino-2-oxo-1-azetidinyl)acrylatesReaction of trans-3-azido- and trans-3-phthalimido-4-tritylthio-2-azetidinones 5a and 5b with silver nitrate in methanol according to the method of Lattrell yielded the silver thiolates 6a and 6b, respectively, whereas the trans-4-acylamino derivative 9a was solvolyzed to give trans-4-methyl ether 10a [presumably via oxazolineazetidinone (azetooxazolone) 30a].  -  Oxidative detritylation of 11 with iodine provided the azetidinone-4-disulfide 14. A one pot reaction of iodine/sodium p-toluenesulfinate with trityl thioethers 11 and 9a afforded the trans-4-(p-toluenesulfonylthio)-2-azetidinones 13 and 18.  -  Cleavage of methyl thioethers 20 and 27 by sulfuryl chloride and of sulfoxides 21 and 28 by thionyl chloride yielded predominantly trans-chlorides 23 and 29. The trans-3-acylamino-4-chloro-2-azetidinones 29 were cyclized to give cis-fused 4-oxa-2,6-diazabicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2-en-7-ones (azeto[3,2-d]oxazolones) 30, which react with methanol (catalyzed by tin(II) chloride) to yield trans-3-acylamino-4-methoxy-2-azetidinones 10.
    Notes: Die trans-3-Azido- und trans-3-Phthalimido-4-tritylthio-2-azetidinone 5a und 5b ergaben nach der Methode von Lattrell mit Silbernitrat in Methanol die Silberthiolate 6a und 6b, während das trans-3-Acylamino-Derivat 9a [vermutlich über das Oxazolinazetidinon (Acetooxazolon) 30a] zum trans-4-Methylether 10a solvolysierte.  -  Die oxidative Detritylierung von 11 mit Iod führte zum Azetidinon-4-disulfid 14. Mit Iod/Natrium-p-toluolsulfinat erhielt man aus den Tritylthioethern 11 und 9a im “Eintopf”-Verfahren die trans-4-(p-Toluolsulfonylthio)-2-azetidinone 13 und 18.  -  Die Spaltung der Methylthioether 20 und 27 mit Sulfurylchlorid oder der Sulfoxide 21 und 28 mit Thionylchlorid ergab überwiegend die trans-Chloride 23 bzw. 29. Die trans-3-Acyl-amino-4-chlor-2-azetidinone 29 wurden zu den cis-verknüpften 4-Oxa-2,6-diazabicyclo[3.2.0]-hept-2-en-7-onen (Azeto[3,2-d]oxazolonen) 30 cyclisiert und mit Methanol unter Zinn(II)-chlorid-Katalyse zu den trans-4-Methoxy-2-azetidinonen 10 geöffnet.
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  • 95
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Cyano Elpasolites AI2BIMIII(CN)6 with AI = Tetramethylammonium and the Fluoride [N(CH3)4]2CsFeF6Professor Karl Dimroth zum 70. Geburtstage am 18. August 1980 gewidmet.The cubic compounds [N(CH3)4]2CsM(CN)6 (MIII = Cr, Fe, Co) and the tetragonal product of fluorination, [N(CH3)4]2CsFeF6, are characterized by their X-ray powder and IR-spectroscopic data.
    Notes: Die kubischen Verbindungen [N(CH3)4]2CsM(CN)6 (MIII = Cr, Fe, Co) und das tetragonale Fluorierungsprodukt [N(CH3)4]2CsFeF6 werden röntgenographisch und IR-spektroskopisch charakterisiert.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 96
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1980 (1980), S. 1573-1582 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Seven-Membered Rings by 1,5-Cycloadditions, VI1). - 7-Aminoperhydro-1,4-oxazepines and -diazepines3-Alkyl-1,3-oxazolidines 2 react with enamines 1 in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid to give 7-dialkylaminoperhydro-1,4-oxazepines 3. 1,3-Dimethyl-1,3-imidazolidine (2d) reacts with 4-(2-methyl-1-propenyl)morpholine (1a) to give 1,4,6,6-tetramethyl-7-morpholino-2,3,4,5,6,7-hexa-hydro-1 H-1,4-diazepine (3m)
    Notes: 3-Alkyl-1,3-oxazolidine 2 geben mit den Enaminen 1 in Gegenwart von Trifluoressigsäure die 7-Dialkylaminoperhydro-1,4-oxazepine 3. 1,3-Dimethyl-1,3-imidazolidin (2d) reagiert mit 4-(2-Methyl-1-propenyl)morpholin (1a) zum 1,4,6,6-Tetramethyl-7-morpholino-2,3,4,5,6,7-hexahydro-1 H-1,4-diazepin (3m).
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  • 97
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1980 (1980), S. 1620-1622 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: 3H-Selenolo[2,3-d]-1,2-thiol-3-one and 8H-Diselenolo[3,2-b: 2′,3′-e]thiopyran-8-one, Two New Ring SystemsThe two title compounds 1 and 3a are described. They each contain a new heterocyclic ring system. The thiopyran 3a is obtained by refluxing 1 with copper powder in xylene.
    Notes: Die Titelverbindungen 1 und 3a werden beschrieben. Sie enthalten beide ein bisher unbekanntes heterocyclisches Ringsystem. Das Thiopyran 3a entsteht durch Kochen von 1 mit Kupferpulver in Xylol.
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  • 98
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1980 (1980), S. 1630-1631 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Note on the Reaction of Oxepin with Nitroso CompoundsOxepin (2) and p-chloronitrosobenzene (1) react to give the nitrone 3.
    Notes: Oxepin (2) gibt mit p-Chlornitrosobenzol (1) das Nitron 3.
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  • 99
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1980 (1980) 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 100
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1980 (1980), S. 1651-1658 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis and NMR Spectra of Diazadiphosphetidines, II1,3,2λ5,4λ5-Diazadiphosphetidines are synthesized from PCl5 and aniline derivatives. They are partially or fully dissociated in solution to give substituted (phenylimido)phosphoric trichlorides. The dependence of the dissociation on the solvent, the temperature, and the concentration has been investigated. The reaction products of anilines and C6H5PCl4 or (C6H5)2PCl3 are exclusively monomers, i. e. they are substituted phenyl(phenylimido)phosphonic dichlorides 3 or diphenyl-(phenylimido)phosphinic chlorides 4, respectively.
    Notes: 1,3,2λ5,4λ5-Diazadiphosphetidine 1 werden aus PCl5 und Anilinderivaten synthetisiert. Sie liegen in Lösung teilweise oder ganz dissoziiert als substituierte (Phenylimido)phosphorsäuretrichloride 2 vor. Es wurde die Abhängigkeit der Dissoziation vom Lösungsmittel, der Temperatur und der Konzentration untersucht. Die Reaktionsprodukte aus Anilinen und C6H5PCl4 oder (C6H5)2PCl3 sind ausschließlich monomer, d. h. es handelt sich um substituierte Phenyl(phenylimido)phosphonsäuredichloride 3 bzw. Diphenyl(phenylimido)phosphinsäurechloride 4.
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