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  • Kinetics  (72)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (72)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd
  • Oxford University Press
  • 2020-2023
  • 1995-1999
  • 1990-1994  (38)
  • 1980-1984  (34)
  • 1993  (38)
  • 1981  (34)
Sammlung
Schlagwörter
Verlag/Herausgeber
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (72)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd
  • Oxford University Press
  • Springer  (13)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (7)
Erscheinungszeitraum
  • 2020-2023
  • 1995-1999
  • 1990-1994  (38)
  • 1980-1984  (34)
Jahr
  • 1
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    Role of intracellular calcium in NI-35-evoked collapse of neuronal growth cones (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1993-01-01
    Beschreibung: A myelin-associated protein from the central nervous system, the neurite growth inhibitor NI-35, inhibits regeneration of lesioned neuronal fiber tracts in vivo and growth of neurites in vitro. Growth cones of cultured rat dorsal root ganglion neurons arrested their growth and collapsed when exposed to liposomes containing NI-35. Before morphological changes, the concentration of free intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) showed a rapid and large increase in growth cones exposed to liposomes containing NI-35. Neither an increase in [Ca2+]i nor collapse of growth cones was detected in the presence of antibodies to NI-35. Dantrolene, an inhibitor of calcium release from caffeine-sensitive intracellular calcium stores, protected growth cones from collapse evoked by NI-35. Depletion of these caffeine-sensitive intracellular calcium stores prevented the increase in [Ca2+]i evoked by NI-35. The NI-35-evoked cascade of intracellular messengers that mediates collapse of growth cones includes the crucial step of calcium release from intracellular stores.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bandtlow, C E -- Schmidt, M F -- Hassinger, T D -- Schwab, M E -- Kater, S B -- NS24683/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS28323/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jan 1;259(5091):80-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Brain Research Institute, University of Zurich, Switzerland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8418499" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Caffeine/pharmacology ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Drug Carriers ; Fura-2 ; Ganglia, Spinal/*physiology ; Growth Inhibitors/*pharmacology ; Kinetics ; Liposomes ; Nerve Fibers/drug effects/*physiology/ultrastructure ; Neurons/drug effects/*physiology/ultrastructure ; Rats
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Rate and mechanism of nonhomologous recombination during a single cycle of retroviral replication (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1993-01-08
    Beschreibung: Oncogenes discovered in retroviruses such as Rous sarcoma virus were generated by transduction of cellular proto-oncogenes into the viral genome. Several different kinds of junctions between the viral and proto-oncogene sequences have been found in different viruses. A system of retrovirus vectors and a protocol that mimicked this transduction during a single cycle of retrovirus replication was developed. The transduction involved the formation of a chimeric viral-cellular RNA, strand switching of the reverse transcription growing point from an infectious retrovirus to the chimeric RNA, and often a subsequent deletion during the rest of viral DNA synthesis. A short region of sequence identity was frequently used for the strand switching. The rate of this process was about 0.1 to 1 percent of the rate of homologous retroviral recombination.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zhang, J -- Temin, H M -- CA-07175/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA-22443/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jan 8;259(5092):234-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison 53706.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8421784" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Base Sequence ; *Cinnamates ; *DNA Replication ; DNA, Viral/chemistry/genetics ; Drug Resistance/genetics ; Genes, Viral ; Genetic Vectors ; Hygromycin B/analogs & derivatives ; Kinetics ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Moloney murine leukemia virus/genetics ; Neomycin ; Plasmids ; *Proto-Oncogenes ; RNA, Viral/analysis/genetics ; *Recombination, Genetic ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Retroviridae/*genetics/physiology ; Transfection ; *Virus Replication
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
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    Expression cloning and signaling properties of the rat glucagon receptor (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1993-03-12
    Beschreibung: Glucagon and the glucagon receptor are a primary source of control over blood glucose concentrations and are especially important to studies of diabetes in which the loss of control over blood glucose concentrations clinically defines the disease. A complementary DNA clone for the glucagon receptor was isolated by an expression cloning strategy, and the receptor protein was expressed in several kidney cell lines. The cloned receptor bound glucagon and caused an increase in the intracellular concentration of adenosine 3', 5'-monophosphate (cAMP). The cloned glucagon receptor also transduced a signal that led to an increased concentration of intracellular calcium. The glucagon receptor is similar to the calcitonin and parathyroid hormone receptors. It can transduce signals leading to the accumulation of two different second messengers, cAMP and calcium.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jelinek, L J -- Lok, S -- Rosenberg, G B -- Smith, R A -- Grant, F J -- Biggs, S -- Bensch, P A -- Kuijper, J L -- Sheppard, P O -- Sprecher, C A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Mar 12;259(5101):1614-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉ZymoGenetics Inc., Seattle, WA 98105.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8384375" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Calcium/pharmacology ; Cell Line ; Cloning, Molecular ; Cricetinae ; Cyclic AMP/metabolism ; Glucagon/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Kidney ; Kinetics ; Liver/*metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Rats ; Receptors, Gastrointestinal Hormone/genetics/metabolism/*physiology ; Receptors, Glucagon ; *Signal Transduction ; Transfection
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Formation of a molten globule intermediate early in the kinetic folding pathway of apomyoglobin (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1993-11-05
    Beschreibung: Hydrogen exchange pulse labeling and stopped-flow circular dichroism were used to establish that the structure of the earliest detectable intermediate formed during refolding of apomyoglobin corresponds closely to that of a previously characterized equilibrium molten globule. This compact, cooperatively folded intermediate was formed in less than 5 milliseconds and contained stable, hydrogen-bonded secondary structure localized in the A, G, and H helices and part of the B helix. The remainder of the B helix folded on a much slower time scale, followed by the C and E helices and the CD loop. The data indicate that a molten globule intermediate was formed on the kinetic folding pathway.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jennings, P A -- Wright, P E -- DK-34909/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- GM14541/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- RR04953/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Nov 5;262(5135):892-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8235610" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Apoproteins/*chemistry ; Circular Dichroism ; Hydrogen/chemistry ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Kinetics ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Models, Molecular ; Myoglobin/*chemistry ; *Protein Conformation ; *Protein Folding ; Protein Structure, Secondary
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Isolation of new ribozymes from a large pool of random sequences [see comment] (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1993-09-10
    Beschreibung: An iterative in vitro selection procedure was used to isolate a new class of catalytic RNAs (ribozymes) from a large pool of random-sequence RNA molecules. These ribozymes ligate two RNA molecules that are aligned on a template by catalyzing the attack of a 3'-hydroxyl on an adjacent 5'-triphosphate--a reaction similar to that employed by the familiar protein enzymes that synthesize RNA. The corresponding uncatalyzed reaction also yields a 3',5'-phosphodiester bond. In vitro evolution of the population of new ribozymes led to improvement of the average ligation activity and the emergence of ribozymes with reaction rates 7 million times faster than the uncatalyzed reaction rate.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bartel, D P -- Szostak, J W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Sep 10;261(5127):1411-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston 02114.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7690155" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Base Sequence ; Biological Evolution ; Catalysis ; Kinetics ; Magnesium/metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Oligoribonucleotides/metabolism ; RNA/*metabolism ; RNA Ligase (ATP)/chemistry/isolation & purification/metabolism ; RNA, Catalytic/chemistry/*isolation & purification/metabolism ; Temperature ; Templates, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    Modal shifts in acetylcholine receptor channel gating confer subunit-dependent desensitization (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1993-06-18
    Beschreibung: During the transition from embryonic to adult skeletal muscle, a decreased mean channel open time and accelerated desensitization of nicotinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptors result from the substitution of an epsilon subunit for gamma. A single ACh receptor channel of the embryonic type, expressed in Xenopus oocytes, interconverts between gating modes of short and long open time, whereas the adult receptor channel resides almost exclusively in the gating mode with short open time. Differences in the fraction of time spent in either gating mode account for the subunit dependence of both receptor open time and desensitization. Therefore, developmental changes in the kinetics of muscle ACh receptors may be imparted through subunit-dependent stabilization of intrinsic gating modes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Naranjo, D -- Brehm, P -- NS18205/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jun 18;260(5115):1811-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, State University of New York, Stony Brook 11794.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8511590" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Acetylcholine/*pharmacology ; Animals ; Embryo, Nonmammalian ; *Ion Channel Gating ; Kinetics ; Oocytes ; Receptors, Cholinergic/*metabolism ; Xenopus
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    Requirement for a GTPase-activating protein in vesicle budding from the endoplasmic reticulum (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1993-03-05
    Beschreibung: The binding and hydrolysis of guanosine triphosphate (GTP) by the small GTP-binding protein Sar1p is required to form transport vesicles from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Experiments revealed that an interaction between Sar1p and the Sec23p subunit of an oligomeric protein is also required for vesicle budding. The isolated Sec23p subunit and the oligomeric complex stimulated guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) activity of Sar1p 10- to 15-fold but did not activate two other small GTP-binding proteins involved in vesicle traffic (Ypt1p and ARF). Activation of GTPase was inhibited by an antibody to Sec23p but not by an antibody that inhibits the budding activity of the other subunit of the Sec23p complex. Also, activation was thermolabile in pure samples of Sec23p that were isolated from two independent sec23 mutant strains. It appears that Sec23p represents a new class of GTPase-activating protein because its sequence shows no similarity to any known member of this family.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yoshihisa, T -- Barlowe, C -- Schekman, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Mar 5;259(5100):1466-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley 94720.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8451644" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): COP-Coated Vesicles ; Cloning, Molecular ; Endoplasmic Reticulum/*metabolism/ultrastructure ; Fungal Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; GTP-Binding Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; GTPase-Activating Proteins ; Genes, Fungal ; Kinetics ; Macromolecular Substances ; *Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins ; Mutagenesis ; Proteins/*metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics/*metabolism ; *Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins ; Spheroplasts/metabolism ; Vesicular Transport Proteins
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 8
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    Probing the mechanism of staphylococcal nuclease with unnatural amino acids: kinetic and structural studies (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1993-09-17
    Beschreibung: Staphylococcal nuclease is an enzyme with enormous catalytic power, accelerating phosphodiester bond hydrolysis by a factor of 10(16) over the spontaneous rate. The mechanistic basis for this rate acceleration was investigated by substitution of the active site residues Glu43, Arg35, and Arg87 with unnatural amino acid analogs. Two Glu43 mutants, one containing the nitro analog of glutamate and the other containing homoglutamate, retained high catalytic activity at pH 9.9, but were less active than the wild-type enzyme at lower pH values. The x-ray crystal structure of the homoglutamate mutant revealed that the carboxylate side chain of this residue occupies a position and orientation similar to that of Glu43 in the wild-type enzyme. The increase in steric bulk is accommodated by a backbone shift and altered torsion angles. The nitro and the homoglutamate mutants display similar pH versus rate profiles, which differ from that of the wild-type enzyme. Taken together, these studies suggest that Glu43 may not act as a general base, as previously thought, but may play a more complex structural role during catalysis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Judice, J K -- Gamble, T R -- Murphy, E C -- de Vos, A M -- Schultz, P G -- GM 14012-02S1/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM49220/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- T32GM-08388/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Sep 17;261(5128):1578-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley 94720.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8103944" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): 2-Aminoadipic Acid/chemistry ; Amino Acids/chemistry ; Aminobutyrates/chemistry ; Arginine/*chemistry ; Binding Sites ; Catalysis ; Glutamates/*chemistry ; Glutamic Acid ; Homocysteine/analogs & derivatives/chemistry ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Kinetics ; Micrococcal Nuclease/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Mutation ; Plasmids ; X-Ray Diffraction
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 9
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    Mechanism-based inactivation of prostatic acid phosphatase (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1993-11-26
    Beschreibung: Protein phosphatases play important roles in the regulation of cell growth and metabolism, yet little is known about their enzymatic mechanism. By extrapolation from data on inhibitors of other types of hydrolases, an inhibitor of prostatic acid phosphatase was designed that is likely to function as a mechanism-based phosphotyrosine phosphatase inactivator. This molecule, 4-(fluoromethyl)phenyl phosphate, represents a useful paradigm for the design of potent and specific phosphatase inhibitors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Myers, J K -- Widlanski, T S -- R01 GM47918-01/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Nov 26;262(5138):1451-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington 47405.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8248785" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Acid Phosphatase/*antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Alkylation ; Binding Sites ; Drug Design ; Humans ; Hydrolysis ; Kinetics ; Male ; Organophosphorus Compounds/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Prostate/*enzymology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 10
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    Antagonism of catecholamine receptor signaling by expression of cytoplasmic domains of the receptors (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1993-03-05
    Beschreibung: The actions of many hormones and neurotransmitters are mediated by the members of a superfamily of receptors coupled to heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins). These receptors are characterized by a highly conserved topographical arrangement in which seven transmembrane domains are connected by intracellular and extracellular loops. The interaction between these receptors and G proteins is mediated in large part by the third intracellular loop of the receptor. Coexpression of the third intracellular loop of the alpha 1B-adrenergic receptor with its parent receptor inhibited receptor-mediated activation of phospholipase C. The inhibition extended to the closely related alpha 1C-adrenergic receptor subtype, but not the phospholipase C-coupled M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor nor the adenylate cyclase-coupled D1A dopamine receptor. These results suggest that the receptor-G protein interface may represent a target for receptor antagonist drugs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Luttrell, L M -- Ostrowski, J -- Cotecchia, S -- Kendall, H -- Lefkowitz, R J -- HL16037/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Mar 5;259(5100):1453-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8383880" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Cloning, Molecular ; Cyclic AMP/metabolism ; Cytoplasm/metabolism ; GTP-Binding Proteins/*metabolism ; Globins/genetics ; Glutathione Transferase/genetics/metabolism ; Humans ; Inositol Phosphates/metabolism ; Kinetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Muscarinic Antagonists ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides ; Plasmids ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha/genetics/*metabolism ; Receptors, Dopamine D1/antagonists & inhibitors/genetics/*metabolism ; Receptors, Muscarinic/genetics/*metabolism ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; *Signal Transduction ; Transfection ; Type C Phospholipases/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 11
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    Converting tissue plasminogen activator to a zymogen: a regulatory triad of Asp-His-Ser (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1993-10-15
    Beschreibung: Unlike most serine proteases of the chymotrypsin family, tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) is secreted from cells as an active, single-chain enzyme with a catalytic efficiency only slightly lower than that of the proteolytically cleaved form. A zymogenic mutant of tPA has been engineered that displays a reduction in catalytic efficiency by a factor of 141 in the single-chain form while retaining full activity in the cleaved form. The residues introduced in the mutant, serine 292 and histidine 305, are proposed to form a hydrogen-bonded network with aspartate 477, similar to the aspartate 194-histidine 40-serine 32 network found to stabilize the zymogen chymotrypsinogen.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Madison, E L -- Kobe, A -- Gething, M J -- Sambrook, J F -- Goldsmith, E J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Oct 15;262(5132):419-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8211162" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Aspartic Acid/chemistry ; Base Sequence ; Catalysis ; Chymotrypsin/chemistry/metabolism ; Enzyme Precursors/chemistry/*metabolism ; Histidine/chemistry ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Kinetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed ; Mutation ; Plasminogen/metabolism ; Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1/metabolism ; Serine/chemistry ; Tissue Plasminogen Activator/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 12
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    Separate GTP binding and GTPase activating domains of a G alpha subunit (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1993-12-17
    Beschreibung: Most members of the guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) superfamily hydrolyze guanosine triphosphate (GTP) quite slowly unless stimulated by a GTPase activating protein or GAP. The alpha subunits (G alpha) of the heterotrimeric G proteins hydrolyze GTP much more rapidly and contain an approximately 120-residue insert not found in other GTPases. Interactions between a G alpha insert domain and a G alpha GTP-binding core domain, both expressed as recombinant proteins, show that the insert acts biochemically as a GAP. The results suggest a general mechanism for GAP-dependent hydrolysis of GTP by other GTPases.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Markby, D W -- Onrust, R -- Bourne, H R -- 5F32-GM13918/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- CA54427/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- GM27800/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Dec 17;262(5141):1895-901.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pharmcology, University of California, San Francisco 94143.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8266082" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adenylyl Cyclases/metabolism ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Cell Line ; Colforsin/pharmacology ; Cyclic AMP/metabolism ; GTP Phosphohydrolases/*metabolism ; GTP-Binding Proteins/chemistry/*metabolism ; Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate)/metabolism/pharmacology ; Guanosine Triphosphate/*metabolism ; Hydrolysis ; Kinetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Protein Conformation
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 13
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    Kinetics of folding of the all-beta sheet protein interleukin-1 beta (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1993-05-21
    Beschreibung: The folding of the all-beta sheet protein, interleukin-1 beta, was studied with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, circular dichroism, and fluorescence. Ninety percent of the beta structure present in the native protein, as monitored by far-ultraviolet circular dichroism, was attained within 25 milliseconds, correlating with the first kinetic phase determined by tryptophan and 1-anilinonaphthalene-8-sulfonate fluorescence. In contrast, formation of stable native secondary structure, as measured by quenched-flow deuterium-hydrogen exchange experiments, began after only 1 second. Results from the NMR experiments indicated the formation of at least two intermediates with half-lives of 0.7 to 1.5 and 15 to 25 seconds. The final stabilization of the secondary structure, however, occurs on a time scale much greater than 25 seconds. These results differ from previous results on mixed alpha helix-beta sheet proteins in which both the alpha helices and beta sheets were stabilized very rapidly (less than 10 to 20 milliseconds).〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Varley, P -- Gronenborn, A M -- Christensen, H -- Wingfield, P T -- Pain, R H -- Clore, G M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 May 21;260(5111):1110-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Chemical Physics, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8493553" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Circular Dichroism ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Interleukin-1/*chemistry ; Kinetics ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Folding ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Spectrometry, Fluorescence
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 14
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    Arrestin function in inactivation of G protein-coupled receptor rhodopsin in vivo (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1993-06-25
    Beschreibung: Arrestins have been implicated in the regulation of many G protein-coupled receptor signaling cascades. Mutations in two Drosophila photoreceptor-specific arrestin genes, arrestin 1 and arrestin 2, were generated. Analysis of the light response in these mutants shows that the Arr1 and Arr2 proteins are mediators of rhodopsin inactivation and are essential for the termination of the phototransduction cascade in vivo. The saturation of arrestin function by an excess of activated rhodopsin is responsible for a continuously activated state of the photoreceptors known as the prolonged depolarized afterpotential. In the absence of arrestins, photoreceptors undergo light-dependent retinal degeneration as a result of the continued activity of the phototransduction cascade. These results demonstrate the fundamental requirement for members of the arrestin protein family in the regulation of G protein-coupled receptors and signaling cascades in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dolph, P J -- Ranganathan, R -- Colley, N J -- Hardy, R W -- Socolich, M -- Zuker, C S -- R01 EY008768/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jun 25;260(5116):1910-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, La Jolla, CA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8316831" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Animals, Genetically Modified ; *Arrestins ; Drosophila ; Drosophila Proteins ; Eye Proteins/genetics/*physiology ; Female ; GTP-Binding Proteins/*metabolism ; Genes, Insect ; Kinetics ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Phosphoproteins/genetics/*physiology ; Photic Stimulation ; Photoreceptor Cells/cytology/*physiology ; Rhodopsin/analogs & derivatives/*metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 15
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    Antibody catalysis of a disfavored chemical transformation (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1993-01-22
    Beschreibung: Organic reactions are often limited by stereoelectronic constrains that appear along the reaction coordinate. An antibody has been generated that overcomes these constraints and catalyzes a highly disfavored chemical transformation. The antibody facilitates the difficult 6-endo-tet ring closure of an epoxy-alcohol to form a tetrahydropyran. The catalyzed process is in formal violation of what has become known as Baldwin's rules for ring-closure reactions. In addition to controlling the regiochemistry of the disfavored cyclization reaction, these catalytic antibodies resolve enantiomeric substrates to afford a stereochemically pure product. The principles demonstrated in this study may be applicable to other disfavored chemical processes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Janda, K D -- Shevlin, C G -- Lerner, R A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jan 22;259(5094):490-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8424171" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Antibodies/*metabolism ; Catalysis ; Enzymes/metabolism ; Heterocyclic Compounds/*chemistry ; Indicators and Reagents ; Isomerism ; Kinetics
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 16
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    Catalysis: design versus selection (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1993-09-10
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Benner, S A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Sep 10;261(5127):1402-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory for Organic Chemistry, Eidgenossisiche Technische Hochschule Zentrum, Zurich, Switzerland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8367723" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Catalysis ; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases/metabolism ; Kinetics ; RNA Ligase (ATP)/chemistry/metabolism ; RNA, Catalytic/chemistry/*metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 17
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    CNTF protection of oligodendrocytes against natural and tumor necrosis factor-induced death (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1993-01-29
    Beschreibung: A proportion of developing oligodendrocytes undergo natural cell death by apoptosis, and mature oligodendrocytes die, either by apoptosis or necrosis, in response to injurious signals such as cytotoxic cytokines and complement. Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), a trophic factor found in astrocytes in the central nervous system (CNS), promoted the survival and maturation of cultured oligodendrocytes. This trophic factor also protected oligodendrocytes from death induced by tumor necrosis factors (apoptosis) but not against complement (necrosis). These results suggest that CNTF functions in the survival of oligodendrocytes during development and may lead to therapeutic approaches for degenerative diseases of the CNS that involve oligodendrocyte destruction.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Louis, J C -- Magal, E -- Takayama, S -- Varon, S -- NS16349/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jan 29;259(5095):689-92.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8430320" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Astrocytes/physiology ; Cell Death/*drug effects ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Central Nervous System/physiology ; Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Lymphotoxin-alpha/*pharmacology ; Nerve Growth Factors/*pharmacology ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/*pharmacology ; Oligodendroglia/cytology/drug effects/*physiology ; Recombinant Proteins/pharmacology ; Time Factors ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/*pharmacology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 18
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    Protein enhancement of hammerhead ribozyme catalysis (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1993-10-01
    Beschreibung: When the recognition sequence of a ribozyme is extended beyond a certain length, turnover is slowed and specificity is decreased. Here, it is shown that a protein can help a ribozyme overcome these general limitations on ribozyme activity. Cleavage of an RNA oligonucleotide by a hammerhead ribozyme is enhanced 10- to 20-fold upon addition of a protein derived from the p7 nucleocapsid (NC) protein of human immunodeficiency virus-type 1. The NC protein also enhances the ability of the ribozyme to discriminate between cleavage of RNA oligonucleotides with differing sequences. These catalytic improvements can be attributed to the strand exchange activity of this RNA binding protein. It is conceivable that endogenous or added proteins may provide analogous increases in ribozyme activity and specificity in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tsuchihashi, Z -- Khosla, M -- Herschlag, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Oct 1;262(5130):99-102.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, CA 94305.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7692597" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Base Sequence ; *Capsid Proteins ; Catalysis ; DNA, Single-Stranded/metabolism ; Gene Products, gag/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oligoribonucleotides/*metabolism ; RNA/*metabolism ; RNA, Catalytic/chemistry/*metabolism ; Substrate Specificity ; *Viral Proteins ; Zinc Fingers ; gag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 19
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    Role of the acylated amino terminus of recoverin in Ca(2+)-dependent membrane interaction (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1993-02-05
    Beschreibung: Recoverin, a calcium ion (Ca2+)-binding protein of vertebrate photoreceptors, binds to photoreceptor membranes when the Ca2+ concentration is greater than 1 micromolar. This interaction requires a fatty acyl residue covalently linked to the recoverin amino (NH2)-terminus. Removal of the acyl residue, either by proteolytic cleavage of the NH2-terminus or by production of nonacylated recoverin, prevented recoverin from binding to membranes. The acylated recoverin NH2-terminus could be cleaved by trypsin only when Ca2+ was bound to recoverin. These results suggest that the hydrophobic NH2-terminus is constrained in Ca(2+)-free recoverin and liberated by Ca2+ binding. The hydrophobic acyl moiety of recoverin may interact with the membrane only when recoverin binds Ca2+.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dizhoor, A M -- Chen, C K -- Olshevskaya, E -- Sinelnikova, V V -- Phillipov, P -- Hurley, J B -- EYO6641/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Feb 5;259(5096):829-32.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle 98195.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8430337" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): 1,2-Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine ; Acylation ; Animals ; Antigens, Neoplasm/isolation & purification/*metabolism ; Calcium/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Calcium-Binding Proteins/isolation & purification/*metabolism ; Cattle ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Egtazic Acid/pharmacology ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; *Eye Proteins ; Hippocalcin ; Kinetics ; *Lipoproteins ; Liposomes ; Membrane Proteins/isolation & purification/*metabolism ; Molecular Weight ; Myristic Acid ; Myristic Acids/*metabolism ; *Nerve Tissue Proteins ; Peptide Fragments/isolation & purification ; Phosphatidylserines ; Protein Binding ; Recoverin ; Rod Cell Outer Segment/*metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 20
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    Synthesis and degradation of cyclic ADP-ribose by NAD glycohydrolases (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1993-09-03
    Beschreibung: Cyclic adenosine diphosphoribose (cADPR), a recently discovered metabolite of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), is a potent calcium-releasing agent postulated to be a new second messenger. An enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of cADPR from NAD and the hydrolysis of cADPR to ADP-ribose (ADPR) was purified to homogeneity from canine spleen microsomes. The net conversion of NAD to ADPR categorizes this enzyme as an NAD glycohydrolase. NAD glycohydrolases are ubiquitous membrane-bound enzymes that have been known for many years but whose function has not been identified. The results presented here suggest that these enzymes may function in the regulation of calcium homeostasis by the ability to synthesize and degrade cADPR.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kim, H -- Jacobson, E L -- Jacobson, M K -- CA43894/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Sep 3;261(5126):1330-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth 76107.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8395705" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose/*analogs & derivatives/biosynthesis/metabolism ; Animals ; Calcium/metabolism ; Cyclic ADP-Ribose ; Dogs ; Hydrolysis ; Kinetics ; NAD/metabolism ; NAD+ Nucleosidase/isolation & purification/*metabolism ; Spleen/enzymology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 21
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    Activation of the sphingomyelin signaling pathway in intact EL4 cells and in a cell-free system by IL-1 beta (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1993-01-22
    Beschreibung: The mechanism of interleukin-1 (IL-1) signaling is unknown. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha uses a signal transduction pathway that involves sphingomyelin hydrolysis to ceramide and stimulation of a ceramide-activated protein kinase. In intact EL4 thymoma cells, IL-1 beta similarly stimulated a rapid decrease of sphingomyelin and an elevation of ceramide, and enhanced ceramide-activated protein kinase activity. This cascade was also activated by IL-1 beta in a cell-free system, demonstrating tight coupling to the receptor. Exogenous sphingomyelinase, but not phospholipases A2, C, or D, in combination with phorbol ester replaced IL-1 beta to stimulate IL-2 secretion. Thus, IL-1 beta signals through the sphingomyelin pathway.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mathias, S -- Younes, A -- Kan, C C -- Orlow, I -- Joseph, C -- Kolesnick, R N -- R0-1-CA-42385/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jan 22;259(5094):519-22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Sloan-Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8424175" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Cell-Free System ; Ceramides/*metabolism ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Interleukin-1/*pharmacology ; Interleukin-2/biosynthesis ; Kinetics ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Signal Transduction/*drug effects ; Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase/pharmacology ; Sphingomyelins/*metabolism ; Substrate Specificity ; Thymoma ; Thymus Neoplasms ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; Type C Phospholipases/pharmacology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 22
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    Phosphorylation and modulation of a kainate receptor (GluR6) by cAMP-dependent protein kinase (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1993-02-19
    Beschreibung: Ligand-gated ion channels gated by glutamate constitute the major excitatory neurotransmitter system in the mammalian brain. The functional modulation of GluR6, a kainate-activated glutamate receptor, by adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) was examined with receptors expressed in human embryonic kidney cells. Kainate-evoked currents underwent a rapid desensitization that was blocked by lectins. Kainate currents were potentiated by intracellular perfusion of PKA, and this potentiation was blocked by co-application of an inhibitory peptide. Site-directed mutagenesis was used to identify the site or sites of phosphorylation on GluR6. Although mutagenesis of two serine residues, Ser684 and Ser666, was required for complete abolition of the PKA-induced potentiation, Ser684 may be the preferred site of phosphorylation in native GluR6 receptor complexes. These results indicate that glutamate receptor function can be directly modulated by protein phosphorylation and suggest that a dynamic regulation of excitatory receptors could be associated with some forms of learning and memory in the mammalian brain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wang, L Y -- Taverna, F A -- Huang, X P -- MacDonald, J F -- Hampson, D R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Feb 19;259(5098):1173-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8382377" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Binding Sites ; Brain/*physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Concanavalin A/pharmacology ; Evoked Potentials/drug effects ; Humans ; Kainic Acid/*pharmacology ; Kidney ; Kinetics ; Membrane Potentials/drug effects ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides ; Protein Kinases/*metabolism ; Receptors, Glutamate/drug effects/genetics/*physiology ; Receptors, Kainic Acid ; Serine ; Wheat Germ Agglutinins/pharmacology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 23
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    Substrate phage: selection of protease substrates by monovalent phage display (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1993-05-21
    Beschreibung: A method is described here for identifying good protease substrates among approximately 10(7) possible sequences. A library of fusion proteins was constructed containing an amino-terminal domain used to bind to an affinity support, followed by a randomized protease substrate sequence and the carboxyl-terminal domain of M13 gene III. Each fusion protein was displayed as a single copy on filamentous phagemid particles (substrate phage). Phage were then bound to an affinity support and treated with the protease of interest. Phage with good protease substrates were released, whereas phage with substrates that resisted proteolysis remained bound. After several rounds of binding, proteolysis, and phagemid propagation, sensitive and resistant substrate sequences were identified for two different proteases, a variant of subtilisin and factor Xa. The technique may also be useful for studying the sequence specificity of a variety of posttranslational modifications.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Matthews, D J -- Wells, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 May 21;260(5111):1113-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Protein Engineering, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8493554" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Bacteriophages/*genetics ; Base Sequence ; Computer Simulation ; Factor Xa/chemistry/*metabolism ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed ; Oligopeptides/chemistry/*metabolism ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/chemistry/metabolism ; Substrate Specificity ; Subtilisins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 24
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    Colicin E1 binding to membranes: time-resolved studies of spin-labeled mutants (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1993-02-12
    Beschreibung: To investigate the mechanism of interaction of the toxin colicin E1 with membranes, three cysteine substitution mutants and the wild type of the channel-forming fragment were spin labeled at the unique thiol. Time-resolved interaction of these labeled proteins with phospholipid vesicles was investigated with stopped-flow electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. The fragment interacts with neutral bilayers at low pH, indicating that the interaction is hydrophobic rather than electrostatic. The interaction occurs in at least two distinct steps: (i) rapid adsorption to the surface; and (ii) slow, rate-limiting insertion of the hydrophobic central helices into the membrane interior.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shin, Y K -- Levinthal, C -- Levinthal, F -- Hubbell, W L -- EY05216/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Feb 12;259(5097):960-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Jules Stein Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles 90024.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8382373" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adsorption ; Binding Sites ; Cell Membrane/*metabolism ; Colicins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Cysteine/genetics ; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Kinetics ; Lipid Bilayers/metabolism ; *Mutagenesis ; Peptide Fragments/metabolism ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; *Spin Labels
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 25
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    Altered prevalence of gating modes in neurotransmitter inhibition of N-type calcium channels (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1993-02-12
    Beschreibung: G protein-mediated inhibition of voltage-activated calcium channels by neurotransmitters has important consequences for the control of synaptic strength. Single-channel recordings of N-type calcium channels in frog sympathetic neurons reveal at least three distinct patterns of gating, designated low-Po, medium-Po, and high-Po modes according to their probability of being open (Po) at -10 millivolts. The high-Po mode is responsible for the bulk of divalent cation entry in the absence of neurotransmitter. Norepinephrine greatly decreased the prevalence of high-Po gating and increased the proportion of time a channel exhibited low-Po behavior or no activity at all, which thereby reduced the overall current. Directly observed patterns of transition between the various modes suggest that activated G protein alters the balance between modal behaviors that freely interconvert even in the absence of modulatory signaling.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Delcour, A H -- Tsien, R W -- HL13156/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- NS24607/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Feb 12;259(5097):980-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Beckman Center, Stanford University Medical Center, CA 94305.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8094902" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Anura ; Calcium Channels/*drug effects/*physiology ; Cations, Divalent ; Electric Stimulation ; Electrophysiology ; GTP-Binding Proteins/physiology ; Ion Channel Gating/*physiology ; Kinetics ; Neurons/physiology ; Neurotransmitter Agents/*pharmacology ; Norepinephrine/pharmacology ; Sympathetic Nervous System/cytology/physiology ; Synapses/physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 26
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    Betacellulin: a mitogen from pancreatic beta cell tumors (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1993-03-12
    Beschreibung: Betacellulin, a member of the epidermal growth factor family, has been identified in the conditioned medium of cell lines derived from mouse pancreatic beta cell tumors. Betacellulin is a 32-kilodalton glycoprotein that appears to be processed from a larger transmembrane precursor by proteolytic cleavage. The carboxyl-terminal domain of betacellulin has 50 percent sequence similarity with that of rat transforming growth factor alpha. Betacellulin is a potent mitogen for retinal pigment epithelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shing, Y -- Christofori, G -- Hanahan, D -- Ono, Y -- Sasada, R -- Igarashi, K -- Folkman, J -- CA 70118/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Mar 12;259(5101):1604-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8456283" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): 3T3 Cells ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Betacellulin ; Cell Division/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA Replication/drug effects ; Endothelium, Vascular/cytology/drug effects ; Epidermal Growth Factor/pharmacology ; Growth Substances/*genetics/isolation & purification/pharmacology ; Humans ; *Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Islets of Langerhans/physiopathology ; Kinetics ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology/drug effects ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/*physiopathology ; Pigment Epithelium of Eye/cytology/drug effects ; Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods ; Protein Precursors/genetics ; Rats ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor/metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins/pharmacology ; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid ; Thymidine/metabolism ; Transforming Growth Factor alpha/genetics
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 27
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    Phosphorodithioate DNA as a potential therapeutic drug (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1993-03-12
    Beschreibung: This article summarizes methods for the synthesis of phosphorodithioate-linked deoxyoligonucleotides and details an analysis of one of the distinctive properties of phosphorodithioate DNA oligomers, their ability to strongly inhibit human immunodeficiency virus type-1 reverse transcriptase (HIV-1 RT). Mechanistic studies indicate that oligomers of this type interfere with enzyme function by binding tightly to the active site for primer-template, which results in low or subnanomolar inhibitory constants. Although many of these studies have used deoxyoligocytidine analogs, a rationally designed approach has led to the discovery of a very active phosphorodithioate deoxyoligonucleotide inhibitor. This type of inhibitor, which binds strongly to the primer-template active site of HIV-1 RT, provides another type of potential therapeutic agent against HIV-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, W S -- Caruthers, M H -- GM21120/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM25680/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Mar 12;259(5101):1564-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder 80309.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7681216" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Antiviral Agents/*chemical synthesis/pharmacology ; Base Sequence ; HIV Reverse Transcriptase ; HIV-1/drug effects/*enzymology ; Kinetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides/*chemical synthesis/pharmacology ; Organothiophosphates/*chemical synthesis/pharmacology ; *Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 28
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    Multiple RNA polymerase conformations and GreA: control of the fidelity of transcription (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1993-11-05
    Beschreibung: Pre-steady state kinetics of misincorporation were used to investigate the addition of single nucleotides to nascent RNA by Escherichia coli RNA polymerase during transcription elongation. The results were fit with a branched kinetic mechanism that permits conformational switching, at each template position, between an activated and an unactivated enzyme complex, both of which can bind nucleotide triphosphates (NTPs) from solution. The complex exists most often in the long-lived activated state, and only becomes unactivated when transcription is slowed. This model permits multiple levels of nucleotide discrimination in transcription, since the complex can be "kinetically trapped" in the unactivated state in the absence of the correct NTP or if the 3' terminal residue is incorrectly matched. The transcription cleavage factor GreA (or an activity enhanced by GreA) increased the fidelity of transcription by preferential cleavage of transcripts containing misincorporated residues in the unactivated state of the elongation complex. This cleavage mechanism by GreA may prevent the formation of "dead-end" transcription complexes in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Erie, D A -- Hajiseyedjavadi, O -- Young, M C -- von Hippel, P H -- GM-12915/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM-15792/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM-29158/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Nov 5;262(5135):867-73.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene 97403.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8235608" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Base Sequence ; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases/*chemistry/metabolism ; Endoribonucleases/metabolism ; Escherichia coli/enzymology ; *Escherichia coli Proteins ; Kinetics ; Models, Genetic ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nucleotides/metabolism ; Peptide Elongation Factors/*metabolism ; Protein Conformation ; RNA, Messenger/*biosynthesis/metabolism ; Templates, Genetic ; Transcription Factors/*metabolism ; *Transcription, Genetic ; Uridine Triphosphate/metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 29
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    SH2-containing phosphotyrosine phosphatase as a target of protein-tyrosine kinases (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1993-03-12
    Beschreibung: A mouse phosphotyrosine phosphatase containing two Src homology 2 (SH2) domains, Syp, was identified. Syp bound to autophosphorylated epidermal growth factor (EGF) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptors through its SH2 domains and was rapidly phosphorylated on tyrosine in PDGF- and EGF-stimulated cells. Furthermore, Syp was constitutively phosphorylated on tyrosine in cells transformed by v-src. This mammalian phosphatase is most closely related, especially in its SH2 domains, to the corkscrew (csw) gene product of Drosophila, which is required for signal transduction downstream of the Torso receptor tyrosine kinase. The Syp gene is widely expressed throughout embryonic mouse development and in adult tissues. Thus, Syp may function in mammalian embryonic development and as a common target of both receptor and nonreceptor tyrosine kinases.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Feng, G S -- Hui, C C -- Pawson, T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Mar 12;259(5101):1607-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8096088" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line, Transformed ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Embryo, Mammalian ; Embryonic and Fetal Development ; Epidermal Growth Factor/pharmacology ; *Genes, src ; Humans ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Kinetics ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides ; Phosphorylation ; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/pharmacology ; Poly A/isolation & purification/metabolism ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11 ; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6 ; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases/genetics/*metabolism ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/*metabolism ; RNA, Messenger/isolation & purification/metabolism ; Rats ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor/metabolism ; Receptors, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/genetics/metabolism ; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid ; Transfection
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 30
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    A functional role for GTP-binding proteins in synaptic vesicle cycling (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1993-02-19
    Beschreibung: The squid giant synapse was used to test the hypothesis that guanosine-5'-triphosphate (GTP)-binding proteins regulate the local distribution of synaptic vesicles within nerve terminals. Presynaptic injection of the nonhydrolyzable GTP analog GTP gamma S irreversibly inhibited neurotransmitter release without changing either the size of the calcium signals produced by presynaptic action potentials or the number of synaptic vesicles docked at presynaptic active zones. Neurotransmitter release was also inhibited by injection of the nonhydrolyzable guanosine diphosphate (GDP) analog GDP beta S but not by injection of AIF4-. These results suggest that a small molecular weight GTP-binding protein directs the docking of synaptic vesicles that occurs before calcium-dependent neurotransmitter release. Depletion of undocked synaptic vesicles by GTP gamma S indicates that additional GTP-binding proteins function in the terminal at other steps responsible for synaptic vesicle replenishment.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hess, S D -- Doroshenko, P A -- Augustine, G J -- NS-21624/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Feb 19;259(5098):1169-72.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8438167" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Aluminum/pharmacology ; *Aluminum Compounds ; Animals ; Calcium/metabolism ; Decapodiformes ; *Fluorides ; Fluorine/pharmacology ; GTP-Binding Proteins/*physiology ; Ganglia/physiology ; Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate)/pharmacology ; Guanosine Diphosphate/analogs & derivatives/metabolism/pharmacology ; Guanosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; In Vitro Techniques ; Kinetics ; Models, Neurological ; Nerve Endings/physiology/ultrastructure ; Signal Transduction/drug effects ; Synaptic Vesicles/drug effects/*physiology/ultrastructure ; Thionucleotides/pharmacology ; Time Factors
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 31
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    An inhibitor of p34CDC28 protein kinase activity from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1993-01-08
    Beschreibung: The p34CDC28 protein from Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a homolog of the p34cdc2 protein kinase, a fundamental regulator of cell division in all eukaryotic cells. Once activated it initiates the visible events of mitosis (chromosome condensation, nuclear envelope breakdown, and spindle formation). The p34CDC28 protein also has a critical role in the initiation of DNA synthesis. The protein kinase activity is regulated by cycles of phosphorylation and dephosphorylation and by periodic association with cyclins. An endogenous 40-kilodalton protein (p40) originally identified as a substrate of the p34CDC28 protein kinase was purified. The p40 protein bound tightly to p34CDC28 and inhibited the activity of the kinase. The p40 protein may provide another mechanism to regulate p34CDC28 protein kinase activity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mendenhall, M D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jan 8;259(5092):216-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40536.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8421781" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): CDC28 Protein Kinase, S cerevisiae ; Cyclins/metabolism ; Histones/metabolism ; Kinetics ; Molecular Weight ; Phosphorylation ; Phosphothreonine/metabolism ; *Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/*enzymology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 32
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    Identification of a ten-amino acid proline-rich SH3 binding site (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1993-02-19
    Beschreibung: The Src homology 3 (SH3) region is a small protein domain present in a very large group of proteins, including cytoskeletal elements and signaling proteins. It is believed that SH3 domains serve as modules that mediate protein-protein associations and, along with Src homology 2 (SH2) domains, regulate cytoplasmic signaling. The SH3 binding sites of two SH3 binding proteins were localized to a nine- or ten-amino acid stretch very rich in proline residues. Similar SH3 binding motifs exist in the formins, proteins that function in pattern formation in embryonic limbs of the mouse, and one subtype of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor. Identification of the SH3 binding site provides a basis for understanding the interaction between the SH3 domains and their targets.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ren, R -- Mayer, B J -- Cicchetti, P -- Baltimore, D -- CA 08875/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 09673/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 51462/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Feb 19;259(5098):1157-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8438166" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Binding Sites ; Cytoskeletal Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; DNA/genetics/metabolism ; Genes, abl ; Glutathione Transferase/genetics/metabolism ; Kinetics ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; *Proline ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-abl/genetics/*metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Muscarinic/metabolism ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid ; Signal Transduction
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 33
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    NF-kappa B controls expression of inhibitor I kappa B alpha: evidence for an inducible autoregulatory pathway (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1993-03-26
    Beschreibung: The eukaryotic transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) participates in many parts of the genetic program mediating T lymphocyte activation and growth. Nuclear expression of NF-kappa B occurs after its induced dissociation from its cytoplasmic inhibitor I kappa B alpha. Phorbol ester and tumor necrosis factor-alpha induction of nuclear NF-kappa B is associated with both the degradation of performed I kappa B alpha and the activation of I kappa B alpha gene expression. Transfection studies indicate that the I kappa B alpha gene is specifically induced by the 65-kilodalton transactivating subunit of NF-kappa B. Association of the newly synthesized I kappa B alpha with p65 restores intracellular inhibition of NF-kappa B DNA binding activity and prolongs the survival of this labile inhibitor. Together, these results show that NF-kappa B controls the expression of I kappa B alpha by means of an inducible autoregulatory pathway.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sun, S C -- Ganchi, P A -- Ballard, D W -- Greene, W C -- 5T32CA09111/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Mar 26;259(5103):1912-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8096091" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Cycloheximide/pharmacology ; Cytoplasm/metabolism ; DNA/metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*genetics ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; *I-kappa B Proteins ; Immunoblotting ; Kinetics ; Molecular Weight ; Mutagenesis ; NF-kappa B/*antagonists & inhibitors/genetics/*physiology ; RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis ; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/pharmacology ; Trans-Activators/pharmacology ; Transfection ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/pharmacology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 34
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    The effect of posttranslational modifications on the interaction of Ras2 with adenylyl cyclase (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1993-01-29
    Beschreibung: Ras proteins undergo a series of posttranslational modifications that are critical for their cellular function. These modifications are necessary to anchor Ras proteins to the membrane. Yeast Ras2 proteins were purified with various degrees of modification and examined for their ability to activate their effector, adenylyl cyclase. The farnesylated intermediate form of Ras2 had more than 100 times higher affinity for adenylyl cyclase than for the unprocessed form. The subsequent palmitoylation reaction had little effect. In contrast, palmitoylation was required for efficient membrane localization of the Ras2 protein. These results indicate the importance of farnesylation in the interaction of Ras2 with its effector.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kuroda, Y -- Suzuki, N -- Kataoka, T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jan 29;259(5095):683-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physiology, Kobe University School of Medicine, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8430318" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adenylyl Cyclases/genetics/isolation & purification/*metabolism ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Cell Membrane/enzymology ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Enzyme Activation ; Fungal Proteins/genetics/isolation & purification/*metabolism ; GTP-Binding Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Genes, Fungal ; Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate)/metabolism ; Insects ; Kinetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Molecular Weight ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides ; Palmitic Acid ; Palmitic Acids/metabolism ; Protein Binding ; *Protein Processing, Post-Translational ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/isolation & purification/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics/*metabolism ; *Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins ; Transfection ; *ras Proteins
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 35
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    Inhibition of neural crest cell attachment by integrin antisense oligonucleotides (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1993-01-29
    Beschreibung: Neural crest cell interactions with extracellular matrix molecules were analyzed with the use of antisense oligonucleotides to block synthesis of integrin subunits. When added to the culture medium of quail neural crest cells, selected antisense phosphorothiol oligonucleotides reduced the amounts of cell surface alpha 1 or beta 1 integrin subunits by up to 95 percent and inhibited neural crest cell attachment to laminin or fibronectin substrata. Differential effects on specific alpha integrins were noted after treatment with alpha-specific oligonucleotides. Cells recovered the ability to bind to substrata 8 to 16 hours after treatment with inhibitory oligonucleotides. The operation of at least three distinct alpha integrin subunits is indicated by substratum-selective inhibition of cell attachment.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lallier, T -- Bronner-Fraser, M -- 15527/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jan 29;259(5095):692-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Developmental Biology Center, University of California, Irvine 92717.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8430321" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Adhesion/*drug effects ; Chickens ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Humans ; Integrins/biosynthesis/*genetics/isolation & purification ; Kinetics ; Macromolecular Substances ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Neural Crest/cytology/drug effects/*physiology ; Oligonucleotides, Antisense/*pharmacology ; Rats ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 36
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    Detection of transient protein folding populations by mass spectrometry (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1993-11-05
    Beschreibung: Hydrogen-deuterium exchange measurements are becoming increasingly important in studies of the dynamics of protein molecules and, particularly, of their folding behavior. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) has been used to obtain the distribution of masses within a population of protein molecules that had undergone hydrogen exchange in solution. This information is complementary to that from nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) experiments, which measure the average occupancy of individual sites over the distribution of protein molecules. In experiments with hen lysozyme, a combination of ESI-MS and NMR was used to distinguish between alternative mechanisms of hydrogen exchange, providing insight into the nature and populations of transient folding intermediates. These results have helped to detail the pathways available to a protein during refolding.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Miranker, A -- Robinson, C V -- Radford, S E -- Aplin, R T -- Dobson, C M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Nov 5;262(5135):896-900.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Oxford Centre for Molecular Sciences, Oxford University, United Kingdom.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8235611" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Hydrogen/chemistry ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Kinetics ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Mass Spectrometry ; Models, Chemical ; Muramidase/*chemistry ; *Protein Folding ; Temperature
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 37
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    Tyrosine phosphorylation of actin in Dictyostelium associated with cell-shape changes (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1993-01-08
    Beschreibung: When Dictyostelium cells that have initiated their developmental program upon starvation are returned to growth medium, there is a rapid and transient de novo tyrosine phosphorylation of a 43-kilodalton protein. This protein was found to be actin. Most of the phosphorylation occurred in a single, minor acidic isoform of actin. Developing cells that had been returned to growth medium lost their pseudopod extensions, became round, and had reduced adhesion to the substratum. These effects occurred with kinetics that matched the increase in tyrosine phosphorylation of actin. In mutant cell lines in which the gene for the phosphotyrosine phosphatase PTP1 had been disrupted, tyrosine phosphorylation of actin was rapid and more prolonged. These cells responded with proportionally accelerated kinetics of cell rounding. Cell lines overexpressing PTP1 had diminished amplitude and duration of actin tyrosine phosphorylation and exhibited diminished cell-shape change and an accelerated return to the extended cell-shape morphology seen in starved cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Howard, P K -- Sefton, B M -- Firtel, R A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jan 8;259(5092):241-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7678470" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Actins/*metabolism ; Animals ; Cell Adhesion ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Dictyostelium/*cytology/growth & development/*metabolism ; Immunoblotting ; Immunosorbent Techniques ; Kinetics ; Phosphotyrosine ; Tyrosine/*analogs & derivatives/metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 38
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    Controlling chemical reactivity with antibodies (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1993-04-16
    Beschreibung: The remarkable specificity of an antibody molecule has been used to accomplish highly selective functional group transformations not attainable by current chemical methods. An antibody raised against an amine-oxide hapten catalyzes the reduction of a diketone to a hydroxyketone with greater than 75:1 regioselectivity for one of two nearly equivalent ketone moieties. The antibody-catalyzed reaction is highly stereoselective, affording the hydroxyketone in high enantiomeric excess. Similarly, the reduction of ketones containing branched and aryl substituents, including the highly symmetrical 1-nitrophenyl-3-phenyl-2-propanone, was enantioselective. The simple strategy presented herein may find general applicability to the regio- and stereoselective reduction of a broad range of compounds.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hsieh, L C -- Yonkovich, S -- Kochersperger, L -- Schultz, P G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Apr 16;260(5106):337-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley 94720.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10049109" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Antibodies, Catalytic/*chemistry ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/chemistry ; Haptens ; Ketones/*chemistry ; Kinetics ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Propiophenones/chemistry ; Stereoisomerism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 39
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    Benzodiazepine inhibition of the calcium-calmodulin protein kinase system in brain membrane (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1981-07-31
    Beschreibung: Benzodiazepines inhibit Ca2+-calmodulin-stimulated membrane protein phosphorylation. The effects of the benzodiazepines on protein phosphorylation are stereospecific and produced by membrane-bound benzodiazepine. The potency of benzodiazepine kinase inhibition is correlated with the ability of the benzodiazepines to inhibit electric shock-induced convulsions. These findings provide evidence that some of the anticonvulsant and neuronal stabilizing effects of benzodiazepines may be modulated by the Ca2+-calmodulin protein kinase system and indicate that this calmodulin-kinase system represents an identifiable benzodiazepine receptor in brain that is distinquishable by several criteria from the previously described high affinity benzodiazepine receptor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉DeLorenzo, R J -- Burdette, S -- Holderness, J -- NS 1352/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NSI-EA-1-K04-NS245/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 31;213(4507):546-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6264605" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Benzodiazepines/metabolism ; Brain/*enzymology ; Calcium/*pharmacology ; Calcium-Binding Proteins/*pharmacology ; Calmodulin/*pharmacology ; Cell Membrane/enzymology ; Chlordiazepoxide/*pharmacology ; Diazepam/*pharmacology ; Enzyme Activation ; Kinetics ; Molecular Weight ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Kinases/*metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Drug/metabolism ; Receptors, GABA-A
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 40
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    Isolation of biological materials by use of erbium (III)--induced magnetic susceptibilities (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1981-08-07
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Evans, C H -- Tew, W P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Aug 7;213(4508):653-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7256262" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Binding Sites ; Cations ; *Erbium ; Kinetics ; *Magnetics
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 41
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    Vagotomy abolishes cues of satiety produced by gastric distension (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1981-06-12
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gonzalez, M F -- Deutsch, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 12;212(4500):1283-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233218" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Feeding Behavior ; Kinetics ; Male ; Rats ; *Satiation ; *Satiety Response ; Stomach/*physiology ; *Vagotomy
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 42
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    Plasmid-assisted molecular breeding: new technique for enhanced biodegradation of persistent toxic chemicals (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1981-12-04
    Beschreibung: The persistence of synthetic herbicides such as 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T) and its release in massive amounts as a herbicide (Agent Orange) have created toxicological problems in many countries. In nature, 2,4,5-T is slowly degraded by cooxidation and is not utilized as a sole source of carbon and energy. The technique of plasmid-assisted molecular breeding has led to the development of bacterial strains capable of totally degrading 2,4,5-T by using it as their sole source of carbon at high concentrations (greater than 1 mg/ml). Spectrophotometry and gas chromatography reveal various intermediates during growth of the culture with 2,4,5-T.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kellogg, S T -- Chatterjee, D K -- Chakrabarty, A M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 4;214(4525):1133-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7302584" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid/*metabolism ; Bacteria/*genetics/metabolism ; Biotransformation ; Cell Division ; Kinetics ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; *Plasmids
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 43
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    Divalent cation ionophores stimulate resorption and inhibit DNA synthesis in cultured fetal rat bone (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1981-06-05
    Beschreibung: Two divalent cation ionophores, A23187 and Ionomycin, which are selective for calcium, stimulated the resorption of fetal rat long bones in organ culture at 0.1 to 1 micromolar but not at higher concentrations. Both agents inhibited DNA synthesis at concentrations that stimulated resorption. These results might explain the differences in ionophore effects on bone previously reported, and they imply that cell replication is not required for osteoclast formation in fetal rat long bone cultures.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lorenzo, J A -- Raisz, L G -- AM 07290/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM 18063/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 5;212(4499):1157-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6785885" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/*pharmacology ; Bone Resorption/*drug effects ; Bone and Bones/drug effects/*metabolism ; Calcimycin/*pharmacology ; Calcium/metabolism ; Calcium Radioisotopes ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA/*biosynthesis ; DNA Replication/*drug effects ; Ethers/pharmacology ; Fetus ; Ionomycin ; Ionophores/pharmacology ; Kinetics ; Mice ; Parathyroid Hormone/pharmacology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 44
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    The AF64a-treated mouse: possible model for central cholinergic hypofunction (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1981-07-31
    Beschreibung: A loss in the number of functional, sodium ion-dependent, high-affinity choline transport sites was observed in the cortex and hippocampus of mice given an intracerebroventricular injection of 65 nanomoles of AF64A (ethylcholine mustard aziridinium ion) 3 days earlier. Such an effect was not observed in the striatum. This effect of AF64A represents a long-term neurochemical deficit at cholinergic nerve terminals in some brain regions which can lead to a persistent deficiency in central cholinergic transmission. The AF64A-treated animal may thus be a model for certain psychiatric or neurological disorders that appear to involve central cholinergic hypofunction.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mantione, C R -- Fisher, A -- Hanin, I -- MH 26320/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH/AG 34893/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 31;213(4507):579-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6894649" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Aziridines/*pharmacology ; Azirines/*pharmacology ; Biological Transport/drug effects ; Brain/drug effects/*metabolism ; Cerebral Cortex/metabolism ; Choline/*analogs & derivatives/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Corpus Striatum/metabolism ; Hippocampus/metabolism ; Kinetics ; Mice ; Sodium/pharmacology ; Synaptosomes/drug effects/*metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 45
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    Early removal of one eye reduces normally occurring cell death in the remaining eye (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1981-07-31
    Beschreibung: During normal development of the hamster eye, there is a substantial loss of cells from the retinal ganglion cell layer in the first two postnatal weeks. If one eye is lost at birth, this cell death is reduced in the remaining eye. This may account for the increased ipsilateral projection from this eye to the thalamus and midbrain observed in these animals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sengelaub, D R -- Finlay, B L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 31;213(4507):573-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7244655" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Cell Survival ; Cricetinae ; Kinetics ; Neurons/*physiology ; Rats ; Retina/cytology/*physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 46
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    Bee venom enhances guanylate cyclase activity (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1981-07-17
    Beschreibung: Bee venom and phospholipase A2 extracted from bee venom enhanced guanylate cyclase (E.C. 4.6.1.2) activity two- to threefold in rat liver, lung, heart, kidney, ileum, and cerebellum. Dose-response relationships revealed that bee venom at concentrations as low as 1 microgram per milliliter and phospholipase A2 at 1 microunit per milliliter caused a maximal enhancement of guanylate cyclase.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vesely, D L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 17;213(4505):359-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6113689" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Bee Venoms/*pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Enzyme Activation ; Guanylate Cyclase/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Organ Specificity ; Phospholipases/*pharmacology ; Phospholipases A/*pharmacology ; Phospholipases A2 ; Rats
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 47
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    Biopterin cofactor biosynthesis: independent regulation of GTP cyclohydrolase in adrenal medulla and cortex (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1981-07-17
    Beschreibung: Guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase, the enzyme that is apparently rate-limiting in biopterin biosynthesis, is increased in adrenal cortex and medulla of rats treated with insulin or reserpine. Denervation and hypophysectomy block the increase in medullary and cortical enzyme activity, respectively, whereas cycloheximide presents the increase in both tissues. These results provide evidence for induction and regulation of guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Viveros, O H -- Lee, C L -- Abou-Donia, M M -- Nixon, J C -- Nichol, C A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 17;213(4505):349-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7017928" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adrenal Cortex/drug effects/*enzymology ; Adrenal Glands/innervation ; Adrenal Medulla/drug effects/*enzymology ; Aminohydrolases/*metabolism ; Animals ; Biopterin/*biosynthesis ; Cycloheximide/pharmacology ; Denervation ; GTP Cyclohydrolase/*metabolism ; Hypophysectomy ; Insulin/pharmacology ; Kinetics ; Male ; Organ Specificity ; Pteridines/*biosynthesis ; Rats ; Reserpine/pharmacology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 48
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    Receptor for albumin on the liver cell surface may mediate uptake of fatty acids and other albumin-bound substances (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1981-03-06
    Beschreibung: Kinetic analysis of the uptake of carbon-14-labeled oleate in a single-pass perfusion of rat liver and saturable and specific binding of iodine-125-labeled albumin to hepatocytes in suspension suggest the existence of a receptor for albumin on the liver cell surface. The putative receptor appears to mediate uptake of albumin-bound fatty acids by the cell and may account for the efficient hepatic extraction of many other substances tightly bound to albumin.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weisiger, R -- Gollan, J -- Ockner, R -- AM-07007/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM-13328/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM-21899/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Mar 6;211(4486):1048-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6258226" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Biological Transport ; Fatty Acids/*metabolism ; Female ; Kinetics ; Liver/*metabolism ; Oleic Acids/metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Rats ; Receptors, Albumin ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*metabolism ; Serum Albumin/*metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 49
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    Nalidixic acid, oxolinic acid, and novobiocin inhibit yeast glycyl- and leucyl-transfer RNA synthetases (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1981-07-24
    Beschreibung: Nalidixic acid and novobiocin inhibit the aminoacylation and pyrophosphate exchange activities of glycyl- and leucyl-transfer RNA synthetases from bakers' yeast. Similar types of inhibition are observed for both enzymes, suggesting similar mechanisms. The potency of these inhibitors is comparable to that observed for their inhibition of in vivo DNA synthesis in eukaryotic cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wright, H T -- Nurse, K C -- Goldstein, D J -- GM 07654/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM 23598/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 24;213(4506):455-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7017932" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Glycine-tRNA Ligase/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Kinetics ; Leucine-tRNA Ligase/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Nalidixic Acid/*pharmacology ; Novobiocin/*pharmacology ; Oxolinic Acid/*pharmacology ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/*enzymology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 50
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    Mesenchymal cells from the human embryonic palate are highly responsive to epidermal growth factor (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1981-07-31
    Beschreibung: An established line of mesenchymal cells from the human embryonic palate is highly sensitive to the stimulatory effect of epidermal growth factor on growth, labeled thymidine incorporation, and ornithine decarboxylase activity. The results suggest that epidermal growth factor may play a key role in development of various human embryonic and fetal tissues.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yoneda, T -- Pratt, R M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 31;213(4507):563-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7017936" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Cell Division/drug effects ; Cell Line ; DNA Replication/drug effects ; Embryo, Mammalian ; Epidermal Growth Factor/*pharmacology ; Female ; Humans ; Insulin/pharmacology ; Kinetics ; Organ Specificity ; Ornithine Decarboxylase/metabolism ; Palate/drug effects/*physiology ; Peptides/*pharmacology ; Pregnancy
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Transport of energy in muscle: the phosphorylcreatine shuttle (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1981-01-30
    Beschreibung: In order to explain the insulin-like effect of exercise, it was proposed in 1951 that contracting muscle fibers liberate creatine, which acts to produce an acceptor effect--later called respiratory control--on the muscle mitochondria. The development of this notion paralleled the controversy between biochemists and physiologists over the delivery of energy for muscle contraction. With the demonstration of functional compartmentation of creatine kinase on the mitochondrion, it became clear that the actual form of energy transport in the muscle fiber is phosphorylcreatine. The finding of an isoenzyme of creatine phosphokinase attached to the M-line region of the myofibril revealed the peripheral receptor for the mitochondrially generated phosphorylcreatine. This established a molecular basis for a phosphorylcreatine-creatine shuttle for energy transport in heart and skeletal muscle and provided an explanation for the inability to demonstrate experimentally a direct relation between muscle activity and the concentrations of adenosine triphosphate and adenosine diphosphate.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bessman, S P -- Geiger, P J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 30;211(4481):448-52.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6450446" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adenosine Triphosphatases/metabolism ; Adenosine Triphosphate/*metabolism ; Animals ; Creatine/metabolism ; Creatine Kinase/metabolism ; *Energy Metabolism ; Kinetics ; Mitochondria, Heart/metabolism ; *Muscle Contraction ; Muscles/*metabolism ; Myosins/metabolism ; Phosphocreatine/*metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 52
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    Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol increase plasma testosterone concentrations in mice (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1981-07-31
    Beschreibung: Oral administration of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol had a biphasic effect on plasma testosterone concentrations in male mice, causing rapid sustained increases at low doses and subsequent decreases at higher doses. In hypophysectomized and intact mice receiving gonadotropins (human chorionic gonadotropin), treatment with delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol maintained higher plasma testosterone concentrations. Thus, this cannabinoid may interact with gonadotropin and directly influence testicular steroidogenesis in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dalterio, S -- Bartke, A -- Mayfield, D -- 1R01 DA 02/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- P 30 HD 10202/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 31;213(4507):581-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6264607" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Chorionic Gonadotropin/pharmacology ; Dronabinol/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Hypophysectomy ; Kinetics ; Luteinizing Hormone/*blood ; Male ; Mice ; Testosterone/*blood
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 53
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    Blood-brain glucose transfer: repression in chronic hyperglycemia (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1981-10-23
    Beschreibung: Diabetic patients with increased plasma glucose concentrations may develop cerebral symptoms of hypoglycemia when their plasma glucose is rapidly lowered to normal concentrations. The symptoms may indicate insufficient transport of glucose from blood to brain. In rats with chronic hyperglycemia the maximum glucose transport capacity of the blood-brain barrier decreased from 400 to 290 micromoles per 100 grams per minute. When plasma glucose was lowered to normal values, the glucose transport rate into brain was 20 percent below normal. This suggests that repressive changes of the glucose transport mechanism occur in brain endothelial cells in response to increased plasma glucose.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gjedde, A -- Crone, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Oct 23;214(4519):456-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7027439" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Biological Transport ; *Blood-Brain Barrier ; Brain/blood supply ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism ; Glucose/*metabolism ; Hyperglycemia/*metabolism ; Insulin/physiology ; Kinetics ; Rats ; Regional Blood Flow
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 54
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    Retinal chromophore of rhodopsin photoisomerizes within picoseconds (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1981-02-27
    Beschreibung: A new picosecond resonance Raman technique shows that resonance Raman lines characteristic of a distorted all-trans retinal appear within 30 picoseconds after photolysis of rhodopsin or isorhodopsin. This finding suggests that isomerization is nearly complete within picoseconds of the absorption of a photon.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hayward, G -- Carlsen, W -- Siegman, A -- Stryer, L -- EY-02387/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Feb 27;211(4485):942-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7466366" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Cattle ; In Vitro Techniques ; Isomerism ; Kinetics ; Light ; Retinal Pigments/*radiation effects ; *Retinaldehyde/radiation effects ; Rhodopsin/*radiation effects ; Spectrum Analysis, Raman ; *Vision, Ocular ; *Vitamin A/analogs & derivatives
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 55
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    Serum albumin beads: an injectable, biodegradable system for the sustained release of drugs (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1981-07-10
    Beschreibung: Biologically active compounds were entrapped in cross-linked serum albumin microbeads. Injection of these drug-impregnated beads into rabbits produced no adverse immunological reactions. Sustained release (20 days) of progesterone was demonstrated in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lee, T K -- Sokoloski, T D -- Royer, G P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 10;213(4504):233-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6787705" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; Glutaral ; Injections, Intramuscular ; Injections, Subcutaneous ; Kinetics ; Male ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Norgestrel/administration & dosage ; Progesterone/*administration & dosage/blood ; Rabbits ; Serum Albumin, Bovine/*administration & dosage
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 56
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    Pancreatic islet-acinar cell interaction: amylase messenger RNA levels ar determined by insulin (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1981-07-17
    Beschreibung: Pancreatic amylase messenger RNA progressively decreases in rats rendered diabetic with streptozotocin. Insulin reverses this effect, inducing a selective decrease in amylase messenger RNA in the pancreas. Parotid amylase messenger RNA is not significantly affected by either diabetes or insulin.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Korc, M -- Owerbach, D -- Quinto, C -- Rutter, W J -- AM 21344/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 17;213(4505):351-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6166044" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amylases/*genetics ; Animals ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/*enzymology ; Insulin/pharmacology/*physiology ; Islets of Langerhans/*physiology ; Kinetics ; Male ; Pancreas/drug effects/*enzymology ; Pancreatic Elastase/genetics ; Protein Biosynthesis/drug effects ; RNA, Messenger/*genetics ; Rats ; Transcription, Genetic/drug effects ; Trypsinogen/genetics
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 57
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    Dopamine receptor binding is increased in diabetic rats (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1981-11-27
    Beschreibung: The binding of [3H]spiperone, a dopamine receptor ligand, to striatal membranes was increased 30 to 35 percent in rats made diabetic with alloxan or streptozotocin. Binding of [3H]spiperone was normal in rats made diabetic with alloxan but treated with insulin. Thus the number of dopamine receptors and central dopaminergic transmission may be altered in diabetes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lozovsky, D -- Saller, C F -- Kopin, I J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Nov 27;214(4524):1031-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6458088" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Alloxan/pharmacology ; Animals ; Blood Glucose/metabolism ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Corpus Striatum/*metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy/*metabolism ; Insulin/therapeutic use ; Kinetics ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Receptors, Dopamine/drug effects/*metabolism ; Spiperone/metabolism ; Streptozocin/pharmacology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 58
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    Regulation of leucine metabolism in man: a stable isotope study (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1981-12-04
    Beschreibung: Leucine catabolism is regulated by either of the first two degradative steps: (reversible) transamination to the keto acid or subsequent decarboxylation. A method is described to measure rates of leucine transamination, reamination, and keto acid oxidation. The method is applied directly to humans by infusing the nonradioactive tracer, L-[15N,1-13C]leucine. Leucine transamination was found to be operating several times faster than the keto acid decarboxylation and to be of equal magnitude in adult human males under two different dietary conditions, postabsorptive and fed. These results indicate that decarboxylation, not transamination, is the rate-limiting step in normal human leucine metabolism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Matthews, D E -- Bier, D M -- Rennie, M J -- Edwards, R H -- Halliday, D -- Millward, D J -- Clugston, G A -- AM-25994/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- HD-10667/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- RR-00954/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 4;214(4525):1129-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7302583" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Carbon Isotopes ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Leucine/*metabolism ; Male ; Models, Biological ; Nitrogen Isotopes ; Oxidation-Reduction
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 59
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    Somatomedin-C mediates growth hormone negative feedback by effects on both the hypothalamus and the pituitary (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1981-06-12
    Beschreibung: Somatomedin-C stimulates somatostatin release to a maximum of 390 percent of basal release during short-term (20-minute) incubation of rat hypothalamus. It has no effect on basal or stimulated growth hormone release from primary cultures of rat adenohypophyseal cells during a 4-hour incubation, but inhibits stimulated release by more that 90 percent after 24 hours. These findings suggest that somatomedin-C participates in the growth hormone negative feedback loop with an immediate effect on hypothalamic somatostatin and a delayed effect on the anterior pituitary.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Berelowitz, M -- Szabo, M -- Frohman, L A -- Firestone, S -- Chu, L -- Hintz, R L -- AM 18722/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM 24085/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 12;212(4500):1279-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6262917" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Bucladesine/pharmacology ; Cells, Cultured ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Feedback ; Growth Hormone/pharmacology/*secretion ; Hypothalamus/drug effects/*physiology ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; Kinetics ; Pituitary Gland, Anterior/drug effects/*secretion ; Rats ; Somatomedins/*pharmacology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 60
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    Neuroleptic drug-induced dopamine receptor supersensitivity: antagonism by L-prolyl-L-leucyl-glycinamide (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1981-12-11
    Beschreibung: An animal model of tardive dyskinesia was used to evaluate the potential antidyskinetic properties of the neuropeptide L-prolyl-L-leucyl-glycinamide (PLG). In rats, PLG administered concurrently with the neuroleptic drug haloperidol or chlorpromazine antagonized the enhancement of specific [3H]spiroperidol binding in the striatum that is associated with long-term neuroleptic treatment. The results are discussed in relation to a possible functional coupling of the putative PLG receptor with neuroleptic-dopamine receptor complex and clinical implications for tardive dyskinesia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chiu, S -- Paulose, C S -- Mishra, R K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 11;214(4526):1261-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6117947" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Butyrophenones/*metabolism ; Chlorpromazine/*pharmacology ; Corpus Striatum/*metabolism ; Haloperidol/*pharmacology ; Kinetics ; MSH Release-Inhibiting Hormone/*pharmacology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Receptors, Dopamine/drug effects/*metabolism ; Spiperone/*metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 61
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    Long-term potentiation in the hippocampal slice: evidence for stimulated secretion of newly synthesized proteins (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1981-06-05
    Beschreibung: Long-term potentiation of the hippocampal slice preparation results in an increase in the incorporation of labeled valine into the proteins destined for secretion into the extracellular medium. Double-labeling methods established that the increased secretion of the labeled proteins was limited to the potentiated region of a slice; incorporation of labeled valine was increased in the hippocampus if potentiation was through the Schaffer collaterals and in the dentate if potentiation was through the perforant path. Controls for nonspecific stimulation showed no changes. There appears to be a link between long-term potentiation and the metabolic processes that lead to protein synthesis in the hippocampal slice system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Duffy, C -- Teyler, T J -- Shashoua, V E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 5;212(4499):1148-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233208" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Carbon Radioisotopes ; Electric Stimulation ; Hippocampus/*metabolism/physiology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Kinetics ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/*biosynthesis/secretion ; Rats ; Tritium ; Valine
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 62
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    Dye coupling and possible electrotonic coupling in the guinea pig neocortical slice (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1981-01-02
    Beschreibung: Iontophoretic injection of the fluorescent dye Lucifer Yellow CH into single neurons of guinea pig neocortical slices resulted in the staining of more than one cell. Dye-coupled neuronal aggregates were found only in the superficial cortical layers and were often organized in vertical columns. Antidromic stimuli evoked all-or-none, subthreshold depolarizations in some superficial cells. These potentials were not eliminated by manganese and did not collide with spikes originating in the soma, suggesting that they arose from electrotonic interaction between superficial cortical neurons.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gutnick, M J -- Prince, D A -- NS 06477/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS 12151/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 2;211(4477):67-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7444449" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Action Potentials/drug effects ; Animals ; Cell Communication ; Cerebral Cortex/*cytology/physiology ; Evoked Potentials ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Guinea Pigs ; In Vitro Techniques ; Intercellular Junctions/physiology ; Kinetics ; Manganese/pharmacology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 63
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    Inhibition of purine nucleoside phosphorylase by 8-aminoguanosine: selective toxicity for T lymphoblasts (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1981-12-04
    Beschreibung: The guanosine analog 8-aminoguanosine is an effective inhibitor of the purine degradative enzyme purine nucleoside phosphorylase, both in vitro and in intact lymphoid cells. In a human lymphoblast tissue culture system, 8-aminoguanosine, in combination with low concentrations of 2'-deoxyguanosine, causes toxicity toward T cells but not B cells. The selective T cell toxicity correlates with increased accumulation of deoxyguanosine triphosphate in the treated T lymphoblasts.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kazmers, I S -- Mitchell, B S -- Dadonna, P E -- Wotring, L L -- Townsend, L B -- Kelley, W N -- AM 19045/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- CA 26032/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 26284/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 4;214(4525):1137-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6795718" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): B-Lymphocytes/enzymology ; Cell Line ; Deoxyguanosine/pharmacology ; Guanosine/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Pentosyltransferases/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Purine-Nucleoside Phosphorylase/*antagonists & inhibitors ; T-Lymphocytes/drug effects/*enzymology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 64
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    Binding and mobility of the cell surface receptors for 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1981-01-02
    Beschreibung: A fluorescent derivative of the thyroid hormone 3,3'-triiodo-L-thyronine binds to cultured mouse fibroblasts; such binding is saturable. Video intensification fluorescence microscopy indicates that binding occurs at the plasma membrane. Diffusion coefficients, obtained by fluorescence photobleaching recovery, are consistent with binding to a protein receptor on the cell surface.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maxfield, F R -- Willingham, M C -- Pastan, I -- Dragsten, P -- Cheng, S Y -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 2;211(4477):63-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6255563" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Carrier Proteins/*metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytoplasmic Granules/metabolism ; Diffusion ; Endocytosis ; Kinetics ; Membrane Fluidity ; Membrane Proteins/metabolism ; Mice ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*metabolism ; Receptors, Thyroid Hormone ; Triiodothyronine/*metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 65
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    Pineal N-acetyltransferase is inactivated by disulfide-containing peptides: insulin is the most potent (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1981-07-31
    Beschreibung: Pineal N-acetyltransferase can be inactivated in broken cell preparations by cystamine through a mechanism of thiol-disulfide exchange. Some, but not all, disulfide-containing peptides can inactivate this enzyme; the most potent inactivator is insulin. These findings suggest that a disulfide-containing peptide with high reactivity toward N-acetyltransferase may participate in the intracellular regulation of this enzyme.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Namboodiri, M A -- Favilla, J T -- Klein, D C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 31;213(4507):571-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7017937" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Acetyltransferases/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Animals ; Disulfides/pharmacology ; Dithiothreitol/pharmacology ; Hormones/pharmacology ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Insulin/*pharmacology ; Kinetics ; Male ; Peptides/*pharmacology ; Pineal Gland/*enzymology ; Rats ; Structure-Activity Relationship
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 66
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    Corticosterone increases the amount of protein 1, a neuron-specific phosphoprotein, in rat hippocampus (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1981-06-05
    Beschreibung: Corticosterone increased the amount of the neuron-specific phosphoprotein protein 1 in the hippocampus, a brain region rich in corticosterone receptors, but not in several brain regions that contain relatively few corticosterone receptors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nestler, E J -- Rainbow, T C -- McEwen, B S -- Greengard, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 5;212(4499):1162-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6785886" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Brain/drug effects/*metabolism ; Corticosterone/*pharmacology ; Estradiol/pharmacology ; Female ; Hippocampus/drug effects/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/*biosynthesis ; Organ Specificity ; Rats ; Receptors, Steroid/metabolism ; Synapsins
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 67
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    Quantitative autoradiography of [3H]muscimol binding in rat brain (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1981-11-27
    Beschreibung: A simple quantitative autoradiographic technique for the study of neurotransmitter receptors that includes the use of a tritium-sensitive film permits saturation, kinetic, and competition studies of brain samples as small as 0.01 cubic millimeter. This technique was used to study [3H]muscimol binding in rat brain. Unilateral gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor supersensitivity was observed in the substantia nigra pars reticulata after production of localized lesions of the ipsilateral corpus striatum.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Penney, J B Jr -- Pan, H S -- Young, A B -- Frey, K A -- Dauth, G W -- NS00420-02/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS00464-02/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS15140-02/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Nov 27;214(4524):1036-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6272394" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Autoradiography ; Brain/drug effects/*metabolism ; Kainic Acid/pharmacology ; Kinetics ; Muscimol/*metabolism ; Oxazoles/*metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Drug/*metabolism ; Receptors, GABA-A ; Tritium
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 68
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    Vertebrate cell cycle modulates infection by protozoan parasites (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1981-11-27
    Beschreibung: Synchronized HeLa cell populations were exposed to Trypanosoma cruzi or Toxoplasma gondii, obligate intracellular protozoan parasites that cause Chagas' disease and toxoplasmosis, respectively, in humans. The ability of the two parasites to infect HeLa cells increased as the HeLa cells proceeded from the G1 phase to the S phase of their growth cycle and decreased as the cells entered G2-M. Characterization of the S-phase cell surface components responsible for this phenomenon could be beneficial in the development of vaccines against these parasitic diseases.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dvorak, J A -- Crane, M S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Nov 27;214(4524):1034-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7029713" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; *Cell Cycle ; HeLa Cells/physiology ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Toxoplasma/pathogenicity/*physiology ; Trypanosoma cruzi/pathogenicity/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 69
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    Metkephamid, a systemically active analog of methionine enkephalin with potent opioid alpha-receptor activity (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1981-02-06
    Beschreibung: Metkephamid is an analog of methionine enkephalin that retains high affinity for the delta receptor and is a systemically active analgesic. Since it is at least 100 times more potent than morphine as an analgesic when placed directly into the lateral ventricles, and is 30 to 100 times more potent on the delta receptor and yet is roughly equipotent on the mu receptor in vitro, it is concluded that it probably produces analgesia by action on delta receptors as well as, or rather than, on mu receptors. It has less tendency to produce respiratory depression, tolerance, and physical dependence than standard analgesics, and it is presently undergoing clinical trial.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Frederickson, R C -- Smithwick, E L -- Shuman, R -- Bemis, K G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Feb 6;211(4482):603-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6256856" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Analgesics ; Animals ; Brain/*drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Endorphins/*pharmacology ; *Enkephalin, Methionine/*analogs & derivatives ; Enkephalins/*pharmacology ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Male ; Mice ; Rats ; Receptors, Opioid/*drug effects ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Substance-Related Disorders/etiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 70
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    Optical recording of calcium action potentials from growth cones of cultured neurons with a laser microbeam (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1981-06-05
    Beschreibung: Simultaneous recordings of calcium action potentials directly from growth cones and from somata of neuroblastoma cells indicated that they could be generated in the neurites at or near growth cones. Growth cone responses were measured with a fluorescent voltage-sensitive dye and a 5-milliwatt helium-neon laser microbeam as a monitoring light source.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Grinvald, A -- Farber, I C -- NS14716/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 5;212(4499):1164-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233210" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Action Potentials/drug effects ; Animals ; Calcium/*pharmacology ; Cells, Cultured ; Chickens ; Evoked Potentials/drug effects ; Kinetics ; Lasers ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Neurons/drug effects/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 71
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    Two distinct central serotonin receptors with different physiological functions (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1981-05-15
    Beschreibung: Two distinct serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) receptors designated serotonin 1 and serotonin 2 bind tritium-labeled serotonin and tritium-labeled spiroperidol, respectively. Drug potencies at serotonin 2 sites, but not at serotonin 1 sites, predict their effects on the "serotonin behavioral syndrome," indicating that serotonin 2 sites mediate these behaviors. The limited correlation of drug effects with regulation by guanine nucleotides suggests that serotonin 1 sites might be linked to adenylate cyclase. Drug specificities of serotonin-elicited synaptic inhibition and excitation may reflect serotonin 1 and serotonin 2 receptor interactions, respectively.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Peroutka, S J -- Lebovitz, R M -- Snyder, S H -- DA-00074/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 15;212(4496):827-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7221567" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adenylyl Cyclases/metabolism ; Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Brain/*physiology ; Guanine Nucleotides/physiology ; Kinetics ; Male ; Rats ; Receptors, Serotonin/*physiology ; Serotonin/metabolism ; Spiperone/metabolism ; Structure-Activity Relationship
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 72
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    Intestinal diffusion barrier: unstirred water layer or membrane surface mucous coat? (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1981-12-11
    Beschreibung: The dimensions of the small intestinal diffusion barrier interposed between luminal nutrients and their membrane receptors were determined from kinetic analysis of substrate hydrolysis by integral surface membrane enzymes. The calculated equivalent thickness of the unstirred water layer was too large to be compatible with the known dimensions of rat intestine. The discrepancy could be reconciled by consideration of the mucous coat overlying the intestinal surface membrane. Integral surface membrane proteins could not be labeled by an iodine-125 probe unless the surface coat was first removed. The mucoprotein surface coat appears to constitute an important diffusion barrier for nutrients seeking their digestive and transport sites on the outer intestinal membrane.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smithson, K W -- Millar, D B -- Jacobs, L R -- Gray, G M -- AM 05418/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM 11270/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM 15802/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 11;214(4526):1241-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7302593" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Cell Membrane/*metabolism ; Diffusion ; Disaccharides/metabolism ; *Intestinal Absorption ; Jejunum/*metabolism/ultrastructure ; Kinetics ; Male ; Microscopy, Electron ; Microvilli/*metabolism/ultrastructure ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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