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  • 1
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    A functional role for GTP-binding proteins in synaptic vesicle cycling (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-02-19
    Description: The squid giant synapse was used to test the hypothesis that guanosine-5'-triphosphate (GTP)-binding proteins regulate the local distribution of synaptic vesicles within nerve terminals. Presynaptic injection of the nonhydrolyzable GTP analog GTP gamma S irreversibly inhibited neurotransmitter release without changing either the size of the calcium signals produced by presynaptic action potentials or the number of synaptic vesicles docked at presynaptic active zones. Neurotransmitter release was also inhibited by injection of the nonhydrolyzable guanosine diphosphate (GDP) analog GDP beta S but not by injection of AIF4-. These results suggest that a small molecular weight GTP-binding protein directs the docking of synaptic vesicles that occurs before calcium-dependent neurotransmitter release. Depletion of undocked synaptic vesicles by GTP gamma S indicates that additional GTP-binding proteins function in the terminal at other steps responsible for synaptic vesicle replenishment.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hess, S D -- Doroshenko, P A -- Augustine, G J -- NS-21624/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Feb 19;259(5098):1169-72.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8438167" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aluminum/pharmacology ; *Aluminum Compounds ; Animals ; Calcium/metabolism ; Decapodiformes ; *Fluorides ; Fluorine/pharmacology ; GTP-Binding Proteins/*physiology ; Ganglia/physiology ; Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate)/pharmacology ; Guanosine Diphosphate/analogs & derivatives/metabolism/pharmacology ; Guanosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; In Vitro Techniques ; Kinetics ; Models, Neurological ; Nerve Endings/physiology/ultrastructure ; Signal Transduction/drug effects ; Synaptic Vesicles/drug effects/*physiology/ultrastructure ; Thionucleotides/pharmacology ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Determining the operating diameters of an expanding tool (1976)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1976-07-01
    Print ISSN: 0009-2355
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-8329
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Published by Springer
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  • 3
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    A Functional Role for GTP-Binding Proteins in Synaptic Vesicle Cycling (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-02-19
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface charges on the outer side of mollusc neuron membrane (1982)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 70 (1982), S. 171-179 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: surface potential ; Stern's theory ; mollusc neurons
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The shifts of current-voltage characteristics of sodium and calcium inward currents produced by changes in the concentration of divalent cations (Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+) and in pH of the extracellular solution have been measured on isolated neurons of the molluscHelix pomatia intracellularly perfused with potassium-free solutions. On the basis of these shifts and using Stern's theory (O. Stern, 1924.Z. Electrochem. 30∶508–516), the binding constants for the ions to charged groups of the outer side of the somatic membrane and the density of the surface charges produced by these groups have been calculated. For groups located in the vicinity of sodium channels we obtainedK Ca=90±10,K Sr=60±10,K Ba=25±5 andK Mg=16±5m −1 at pH=7.7 and for groups located in the vicinity of calcium channelsK Ca=67±10,K Sr=20±5 andK Ba=19±5m −1 at pH=7.0. The same groups bind H+ ions with apparent pK=6.2±0.2 that corresponds toK H=1.6×106 m −1. The density of fixed charges near the sodium channels is 0.17±0.05 e/nm2 (pH=7.7) and near the calcium channels is 0.23±0.05 electrons/nm2 (pH=7.0). From the comparison of the obtained values with the data about binding constants of the same ions to different negatively charged phospholipids, a suggestion is made that just the phophatidylserine is responsible for the surface potential of the outer side of the somatic membrane. It was also shown that the presence of this potential results in a change in the concentration of carrier ions near the membrane which affects the maximal values of the corresponding transmembrane currents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01870560
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Energy profile of the calcium channel in the membrane of mollusc neurons (1982)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 70 (1982), S. 181-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: energy profile ; calcium channel ; mollusc neurons
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The current-voltage characteristics of the inward calcium and barium currents at different concentrations of these ions in the extracellular solution have been measured on isolated neurons of the snailHelix pomatia intracellularly perfused with potassium-free solution containing 10mm EDTA. On the basis of these characteristics the energy profile of the calcium channel has been calculated using a model based on the absolute reaction rate theory developed by Eyring. The effect of changes of the near-membrane concentration of the penetrating ions due to the existence of fixed charges on the outer side of the membrane has been taken into account. A satisfactory description of the concentration-and potential-dependence of the calcium inward currents has been obtained based on a three-barrier model for the energy profile of the calcium channel. Calculated dissociation constants for the complexes of Ca2+ ions with the binding sites of the calcium channel have the following values:K out=10mm andK in=2.5mm; and for the complexes of Ba2+ ions,K out=91mm andK in=1.5mm. The outer binding site corresponds to the acidic group with pK=5.8. Comparison between these data and the values of pK for divalent cation complexes with different anionic groups of amino acids allowed us to suggest that the outer binding site contains only one carboxylic group. It was shown that the strength of cation binding to this group determines the conductance of the calcium channel.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01870561
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Abstracts (1974)
    Springer
    Journal of applied spectroscopy 20 (1974), S. 560-564 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8647
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00941460
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determining the operating diameters of an expanding tool (1976)
    Springer
    Chemical and petroleum engineering 12 (1976), S. 620-623 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8329
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01260483
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Separation of potassium and calcium channels in the nerve cell soma membranes (1981)
    Springer
    Neuroscience and behavioral physiology 11 (1981), S. 305-312 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-899X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Investigation of isolated neurons ofHelix pomatia during intracellular dialysis revealed differences in the sensitivity of the channels for the outward potassium and inward calcium currents to changes in pH of the external medium. As a result of this difference, considerable separation of the regions of activation of the currents was obtained along the potential axis in solutions with low pH and the characteristics of the inward and outward currents could be studied during their minimal application. Channels for the outward current were shown to have some permeability for tris ions (PTris: pK = 0.05), which is the reason why it is impossible to block this current completely by replacing the intracellular potassium by Tris. Channels for the inward calcium current are characterized by slow inactivation, with a first-order kinetics; their momentary voltage-current characteristic curve reveals significant Goldman's rectification. The selectivity of the calcium channels for other bivalent cations is: Ba:Sr:Ca:Mg = 2.8:2.6:1.0:0.2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01184427
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