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  • Articles  (472)
  • *Biological Evolution  (472)
  • 2010-2014  (472)
  • 1950-1954
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  • 1
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    Palaeontology: Muddy tetrapod origins (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2010-01-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Janvier, Philippe -- Clement, Gael -- England -- Nature. 2010 Jan 7;463(7277):40-1. doi: 10.1038/463040a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20054387" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Chordata/anatomy & histology/classification/*physiology ; Extremities/anatomy & histology/physiology ; Fishes/anatomy & histology/physiology ; *Fossils ; Gait/physiology ; History, Ancient ; Models, Biological ; Phylogeny ; Poland
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    Antagonistic coevolution accelerates molecular evolution (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2010-02-26
    Description: The Red Queen hypothesis proposes that coevolution of interacting species (such as hosts and parasites) should drive molecular evolution through continual natural selection for adaptation and counter-adaptation. Although the divergence observed at some host-resistance and parasite-infectivity genes is consistent with this, the long time periods typically required to study coevolution have so far prevented any direct empirical test. Here we show, using experimental populations of the bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25 and its viral parasite, phage Phi2 (refs 10, 11), that the rate of molecular evolution in the phage was far higher when both bacterium and phage coevolved with each other than when phage evolved against a constant host genotype. Coevolution also resulted in far greater genetic divergence between replicate populations, which was correlated with the range of hosts that coevolved phage were able to infect. Consistent with this, the most rapidly evolving phage genes under coevolution were those involved in host infection. These results demonstrate, at both the genomic and phenotypic level, that antagonistic coevolution is a cause of rapid and divergent evolution, and is likely to be a major driver of evolutionary change within species.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3717453/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3717453/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Paterson, Steve -- Vogwill, Tom -- Buckling, Angus -- Benmayor, Rebecca -- Spiers, Andrew J -- Thomson, Nicholas R -- Quail, Mike -- Smith, Frances -- Walker, Danielle -- Libberton, Ben -- Fenton, Andrew -- Hall, Neil -- Brockhurst, Michael A -- 079643/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 098051/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- England -- Nature. 2010 Mar 11;464(7286):275-8. doi: 10.1038/nature08798. Epub 2010 Feb 24.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Biological Sciences, Biosciences Building, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20182425" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bacteriophages/genetics/*physiology ; *Biological Evolution ; *Evolution, Molecular ; Genetic Variation ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phenotype ; Pseudomonas fluorescens/*genetics/*virology ; Selection, Genetic/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Evolutionary biology: Oh sibling, who art thou? (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2010-08-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cockburn, Andrew -- England -- Nature. 2010 Aug 19;466(7309):930-1. doi: 10.1038/466930a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20725030" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Birds/classification/genetics/*physiology ; *Cooperative Behavior ; Fathers ; Female ; Male ; Models, Biological ; Mothers ; Phylogeny ; Reproduction/genetics/physiology ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; *Siblings
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Higher rates of sex evolve in spatially heterogeneous environments (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2010-10-15
    Description: The evolution and maintenance of sexual reproduction has puzzled biologists for decades. Although this field is rich in hypotheses, experimental evidence is scarce. Some important experiments have demonstrated differences in evolutionary rates between sexual and asexual populations; other experiments have documented evolutionary changes in phenomena related to genetic mixing, such as recombination and selfing. However, direct experiments of the evolution of sex within populations are extremely rare (but see ref. 12). Here we use the rotifer, Brachionus calyciflorus, which is capable of both sexual and asexual reproduction, to test recent theory predicting that there is more opportunity for sex to evolve in spatially heterogeneous environments. Replicated experimental populations of rotifers were maintained in homogeneous environments, composed of either high- or low-quality food habitats, or in heterogeneous environments that consisted of a mix of the two habitats. For populations maintained in either type of homogeneous environment, the rate of sex evolves rapidly towards zero. In contrast, higher rates of sex evolve in populations experiencing spatially heterogeneous environments. The data indicate that the higher level of sex observed under heterogeneity is not due to sex being less costly or selection against sex being less efficient; rather sex is sufficiently advantageous in heterogeneous environments to overwhelm its inherent costs. Counter to some alternative theories for the evolution of sex, there is no evidence that genetic drift plays any part in the evolution of sex in these populations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Becks, Lutz -- Agrawal, Aneil F -- England -- Nature. 2010 Nov 4;468(7320):89-92. doi: 10.1038/nature09449. Epub 2010 Oct 13.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3B2, Canada. lutz.becks@utoronto.ca〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20944628" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animal Migration/physiology ; Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Diet/veterinary ; *Ecosystem ; Female ; *Food ; Genetic Drift ; Male ; Meiosis/genetics ; Models, Biological ; Ovum/physiology ; Population Density ; Reproduction/physiology ; Reproduction, Asexual/physiology ; Rotifera/cytology/genetics/*physiology ; Selection, Genetic ; *Sex
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Oceanography: Death and rebirth in the deep (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2010-05-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Qiu, Jane -- England -- Nature. 2010 May 20;465(7296):284-6. doi: 10.1038/465284a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20485410" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animal Migration ; Animals ; *Biodiversity ; *Biological Evolution ; Geography ; Hot Springs/microbiology ; Larva/genetics/physiology ; *Marine Biology ; Mexico ; Oceanography ; Oceans and Seas ; Population Dynamics ; *Volcanic Eruptions/adverse effects ; Water Movements
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    The evolution of eusociality (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2010-08-27
    Description: Eusociality, in which some individuals reduce their own lifetime reproductive potential to raise the offspring of others, underlies the most advanced forms of social organization and the ecologically dominant role of social insects and humans. For the past four decades kin selection theory, based on the concept of inclusive fitness, has been the major theoretical attempt to explain the evolution of eusociality. Here we show the limitations of this approach. We argue that standard natural selection theory in the context of precise models of population structure represents a simpler and superior approach, allows the evaluation of multiple competing hypotheses, and provides an exact framework for interpreting empirical observations.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3279739/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3279739/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nowak, Martin A -- Tarnita, Corina E -- Wilson, Edward O -- R01 GM078986/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM078986-04/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01GM078986/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 Aug 26;466(7310):1057-62. doi: 10.1038/nature09205.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Program for Evolutionary Dynamics, Department of Mathematics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA. martin_nowak@harvard.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20740005" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; *Biological Evolution ; Female ; Humans ; Insects/physiology ; Male ; Models, Biological ; Selection, Genetic ; *Social Behavior
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Evolution of self-compatibility in Arabidopsis by a mutation in the male specificity gene (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2010-04-20
    Description: Ever since Darwin's pioneering research, the evolution of self-fertilisation (selfing) has been regarded as one of the most prevalent evolutionary transitions in flowering plants. A major mechanism to prevent selfing is the self-incompatibility (SI) recognition system, which consists of male and female specificity genes at the S-locus and SI modifier genes. Under conditions that favour selfing, mutations disabling the male recognition component are predicted to enjoy a relative advantage over those disabling the female component, because male mutations would increase through both pollen and seeds whereas female mutations would increase only through seeds. Despite many studies on the genetic basis of loss of SI in the predominantly selfing plant Arabidopsis thaliana, it remains unknown whether selfing arose through mutations in the female specificity gene (S-receptor kinase, SRK), male specificity gene (S-locus cysteine-rich protein, SCR; also known as S-locus protein 11, SP11) or modifier genes, and whether any of them rose to high frequency across large geographic regions. Here we report that a disruptive 213-base-pair (bp) inversion in the SCR gene (or its derivative haplotypes with deletions encompassing the entire SCR-A and a large portion of SRK-A) is found in 95% of European accessions, which contrasts with the genome-wide pattern of polymorphism in European A. thaliana. Importantly, interspecific crossings using Arabidopsis halleri as a pollen donor reveal that some A. thaliana accessions, including Wei-1, retain the female SI reaction, suggesting that all female components including SRK are still functional. Moreover, when the 213-bp inversion in SCR was inverted and expressed in transgenic Wei-1 plants, the functional SCR restored the SI reaction. The inversion within SCR is the first mutation disrupting SI shown to be nearly fixed in geographically wide samples, and its prevalence is consistent with theoretical predictions regarding the evolutionary advantage of mutations in male components.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tsuchimatsu, Takashi -- Suwabe, Keita -- Shimizu-Inatsugi, Rie -- Isokawa, Sachiyo -- Pavlidis, Pavlos -- Stadler, Thomas -- Suzuki, Go -- Takayama, Seiji -- Watanabe, Masao -- Shimizu, Kentaro K -- England -- Nature. 2010 Apr 29;464(7293):1342-6. doi: 10.1038/nature08927. Epub 2010 Apr 18.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Plant Biology, University Research Priority Program in Systems Biology/Functional Genomics & Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH-8008 Zurich, Switzerland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20400945" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Arabidopsis/chemistry/classification/*genetics/*physiology ; *Biological Evolution ; Crosses, Genetic ; Genes, Plant/*genetics ; Haplotypes/genetics ; Hybridization, Genetic/genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation/*genetics ; Pollen/physiology ; Pollination ; Reproduction/genetics/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Co-option of the hormone-signalling module dafachronic acid-DAF-12 in nematode evolution (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2010-07-02
    Description: Morphological novelties are lineage-specific traits that serve new functions. Developmental polyphenisms have been proposed to be facilitators of phenotypic evolution, but little is known about the interplay between the associated genetic and environmental factors. Here, we study two alternative morphologies in the mouth of the nematode Pristionchus pacificus and the formation of teeth-like structures that are associated with bacteriovorous feeding and predatory behaviour on fungi and other worms. These teeth-like denticles represent an evolutionary novelty, which is restricted to some members of the nematode family Diplogastridae but is absent from Caenorhabditis elegans and related nematodes. We show that the mouth dimorphism is a polyphenism that is controlled by starvation and the co-option of an endocrine switch mechanism. Mutations in the nuclear hormone receptor DAF-12 and application of its ligand, the sterol hormone dafachronic acid, strongly influence this switch mechanism. The dafachronic acid-DAF-12 module has been shown to control the formation of arrested dauer larvae in both C. elegans and P. pacificus, as well as related life-history decisions in distantly related nematodes. The comparison of dauer formation and mouth morphology switch reveals that different thresholds of dafachronic acid signalling provide specificity. This study shows how hormonal signalling acts by coupling environmental change and genetic regulation and identifies dafachronic acid as a key hormone in nematode evolution.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bento, Gilberto -- Ogawa, Akira -- Sommer, Ralf J -- England -- Nature. 2010 Jul 22;466(7305):494-7. doi: 10.1038/nature09164. Epub 2010 Jun 30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department for Evolutionary Biology, Max-Planck-Institute for Developmental Biology, Spemannstrasse 37; D-72076 Tubingen, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20592728" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Cholestenes/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Environment ; Food Deprivation ; Mouth/anatomy & histology/drug effects/metabolism ; Nematoda/*anatomy & histology/classification/drug effects/genetics/*metabolism ; Phenotype ; Pheromones/metabolism/pharmacology ; Predatory Behavior ; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/genetics/*metabolism ; *Signal Transduction/drug effects ; Tooth/anatomy & histology/drug effects/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Evolutionary biology: New take on the Red Queen (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2010-01-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Benton, Michael J -- England -- Nature. 2010 Jan 21;463(7279):306-7. doi: 10.1038/463306a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20090743" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptation, Physiological ; Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Competitive Behavior ; Genetic Speciation ; *Models, Biological ; Predatory Behavior ; Selection, Genetic ; Stochastic Processes
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    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    A bizarre, humped Carcharodontosauria (Theropoda) from the lower cretaceous of Spain (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2010-09-11
    Description: Carcharodontosaurs were the largest predatory dinosaurs, and their early evolutionary history seems to be more intricate than was previously thought. Until recently, carcharodontosaurs were restricted to a group of large theropods inhabiting the Late Cretaceous Gondwanan land masses, but in the last few years Laurasian evidence has been causing a reevaluation of their initial diversification. Here we describe an almost complete and exquisitely preserved skeleton of a medium-sized (roughly six metres long) theropod from the Lower Cretaceous series (Barremian stage) Konservat-Lagerstatte of Las Hoyas in Cuenca, Spain. Cladistic analysis supports the idea that the new taxon Concavenator corcovatus is a primitive member of Carcharodontosauria, exhibiting two unusual features: elongation of the neurapophyses of two presacral vertebrae forming a pointed, hump-like structure and a series of small bumps on the ulna. We think that these bumps are homologous to quill knobs present on some modern birds; the knobs are related to the insertion area of follicular ligaments that anchor the roots of the flight feathers (remiges) to the arm. We propose that Concavenator has integumentary follicular structures inserted on the ulna, as in modern birds. Because scales do not have follicles, we consider the structures anchored to the Concavenator arms to be non-scale skin appendages homologous to the feathers of modern birds. If this is true, then the phylogenetic bracket for the presence of non-scale skin structures homologous to feathers in theropod dinosaurs would be extended to the Neotetanurae, enlarging the scope for explaining the origin of feathers in theropods.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ortega, Francisco -- Escaso, Fernando -- Sanz, Jose L -- England -- Nature. 2010 Sep 9;467(7312):203-6. doi: 10.1038/nature09181.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Grupo de Biologia, Departamento de Fisica Matematica y de Fluidos, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Educacion a Distancia, Paseo Senda del Rey 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain. fortega@ccia.uned.es〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20829793" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Dinosaurs/*anatomy & histology/*classification ; *Fossils ; Spain
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  • 11
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    The Ectocarpus genome and the independent evolution of multicellularity in brown algae (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2010-06-04
    Description: Brown algae (Phaeophyceae) are complex photosynthetic organisms with a very different evolutionary history to green plants, to which they are only distantly related. These seaweeds are the dominant species in rocky coastal ecosystems and they exhibit many interesting adaptations to these, often harsh, environments. Brown algae are also one of only a small number of eukaryotic lineages that have evolved complex multicellularity (Fig. 1). We report the 214 million base pair (Mbp) genome sequence of the filamentous seaweed Ectocarpus siliculosus (Dillwyn) Lyngbye, a model organism for brown algae, closely related to the kelps (Fig. 1). Genome features such as the presence of an extended set of light-harvesting and pigment biosynthesis genes and new metabolic processes such as halide metabolism help explain the ability of this organism to cope with the highly variable tidal environment. The evolution of multicellularity in this lineage is correlated with the presence of a rich array of signal transduction genes. Of particular interest is the presence of a family of receptor kinases, as the independent evolution of related molecules has been linked with the emergence of multicellularity in both the animal and green plant lineages. The Ectocarpus genome sequence represents an important step towards developing this organism as a model species, providing the possibility to combine genomic and genetic approaches to explore these and other aspects of brown algal biology further.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cock, J Mark -- Sterck, Lieven -- Rouze, Pierre -- Scornet, Delphine -- Allen, Andrew E -- Amoutzias, Grigoris -- Anthouard, Veronique -- Artiguenave, Francois -- Aury, Jean-Marc -- Badger, Jonathan H -- Beszteri, Bank -- Billiau, Kenny -- Bonnet, Eric -- Bothwell, John H -- Bowler, Chris -- Boyen, Catherine -- Brownlee, Colin -- Carrano, Carl J -- Charrier, Benedicte -- Cho, Ga Youn -- Coelho, Susana M -- Collen, Jonas -- Corre, Erwan -- Da Silva, Corinne -- Delage, Ludovic -- Delaroque, Nicolas -- Dittami, Simon M -- Doulbeau, Sylvie -- Elias, Marek -- Farnham, Garry -- Gachon, Claire M M -- Gschloessl, Bernhard -- Heesch, Svenja -- Jabbari, Kamel -- Jubin, Claire -- Kawai, Hiroshi -- Kimura, Kei -- Kloareg, Bernard -- Kupper, Frithjof C -- Lang, Daniel -- Le Bail, Aude -- Leblanc, Catherine -- Lerouge, Patrice -- Lohr, Martin -- Lopez, Pascal J -- Martens, Cindy -- Maumus, Florian -- Michel, Gurvan -- Miranda-Saavedra, Diego -- Morales, Julia -- Moreau, Herve -- Motomura, Taizo -- Nagasato, Chikako -- Napoli, Carolyn A -- Nelson, David R -- Nyvall-Collen, Pi -- Peters, Akira F -- Pommier, Cyril -- Potin, Philippe -- Poulain, Julie -- Quesneville, Hadi -- Read, Betsy -- Rensing, Stefan A -- Ritter, Andres -- Rousvoal, Sylvie -- Samanta, Manoj -- Samson, Gaelle -- Schroeder, Declan C -- Segurens, Beatrice -- Strittmatter, Martina -- Tonon, Thierry -- Tregear, James W -- Valentin, Klaus -- von Dassow, Peter -- Yamagishi, Takahiro -- Van de Peer, Yves -- Wincker, Patrick -- England -- Nature. 2010 Jun 3;465(7298):617-21. doi: 10.1038/nature09016.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉UPMC Universite Paris 6, The Marine Plants and Biomolecules Laboratory, UMR 7139, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, BP74, 29682 Roscoff Cedex, France. cock@sb-roscoff.fr〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20520714" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Algal Proteins/*genetics ; Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Eukaryota ; Evolution, Molecular ; Genome/*genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phaeophyta/*cytology/*genetics/metabolism ; Phylogeny ; Pigments, Biological/biosynthesis ; Signal Transduction/genetics
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  • 12
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    The evolution of mammal-like crocodyliforms in the Cretaceous Period of Gondwana (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2010-08-06
    Description: Fossil crocodyliforms discovered in recent years have revealed a level of morphological and ecological diversity not exhibited by extant members of the group. This diversity is particularly notable among taxa of the Cretaceous Period (144-65 million years ago) recovered from former Gondwanan landmasses. Here we report the discovery of a new species of Cretaceous notosuchian crocodyliform from the Rukwa Rift Basin of southwestern Tanzania. This small-bodied form deviates significantly from more typical crocodyliform craniodental morphologies, having a short, broad skull, robust lower jaw, and a dentition with relatively few teeth that nonetheless show marked heterodonty. The presence of morphologically complex, complementary upper and lower molariform teeth suggests a degree of crown-crown contact during jaw adduction that is unmatched among known crocodyliforms, paralleling the level of occlusal complexity seen in mammals and their extinct relatives. The presence of another small-bodied mammal-like crocodyliform in the Cretaceous of Gondwana indicates that notosuchians probably filled niches and inhabited ecomorphospace that were otherwise occupied by mammals on northern continents.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉O'Connor, Patrick M -- Sertich, Joseph J W -- Stevens, Nancy J -- Roberts, Eric M -- Gottfried, Michael D -- Hieronymus, Tobin L -- Jinnah, Zubair A -- Ridgely, Ryan -- Ngasala, Sifa E -- Temba, Jesuit -- England -- Nature. 2010 Aug 5;466(7307):748-51. doi: 10.1038/nature09061.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University College of Osteopathic Medicine, 228 Irvine Hall, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA. oconnorp@ohio.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20686573" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Dentition ; *Fossils ; History, Ancient ; Mammals/*anatomy & histology/*classification/physiology ; Phylogeny ; Tanzania ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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    Ancient animal microRNAs and the evolution of tissue identity (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2010-02-02
    Description: The spectacular escalation in complexity in early bilaterian evolution correlates with a strong increase in the number of microRNAs. To explore the link between the birth of ancient microRNAs and body plan evolution, we set out to determine the ancient sites of activity of conserved bilaterian microRNA families in a comparative approach. We reason that any specific localization shared between protostomes and deuterostomes (the two major superphyla of bilaterian animals) should probably reflect an ancient specificity of that microRNA in their last common ancestor. Here, we investigate the expression of conserved bilaterian microRNAs in Platynereis dumerilii, a protostome retaining ancestral bilaterian features, in Capitella, another marine annelid, in the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus, a deuterostome, and in sea anemone Nematostella, representing an outgroup to the bilaterians. Our comparative data indicate that the oldest known animal microRNA, miR-100, and the related miR-125 and let-7 were initially active in neurosecretory cells located around the mouth. Other sets of ancient microRNAs were first present in locomotor ciliated cells, specific brain centres, or, more broadly, one of four major organ systems: central nervous system, sensory tissue, musculature and gut. These findings reveal that microRNA evolution and the establishment of tissue identities were closely coupled in bilaterian evolution. Also, they outline a minimum set of cell types and tissues that existed in the protostome-deuterostome ancestor.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2981144/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2981144/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Christodoulou, Foteini -- Raible, Florian -- Tomer, Raju -- Simakov, Oleg -- Trachana, Kalliopi -- Klaus, Sebastian -- Snyman, Heidi -- Hannon, Gregory J -- Bork, Peer -- Arendt, Detlev -- P01 CA013106/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P01 CA013106-38/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P01 CA013106-39/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 Feb 25;463(7284):1084-8. doi: 10.1038/nature08744. Epub 2010 Jan 31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Developmental Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20118916" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Annelida/anatomy & histology/cytology/genetics ; *Biological Evolution ; Brain/metabolism ; Cilia/physiology ; Conserved Sequence/genetics ; Digestive System/cytology/metabolism ; In Situ Hybridization ; MicroRNAs/*analysis/*genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; *Organ Specificity ; Phylogeny ; Polychaeta/*anatomy & histology/cytology/*genetics ; Sea Anemones/anatomy & histology/cytology/genetics ; Sea Urchins/anatomy & histology/cytology/genetics
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    The evolution of the marine phosphate reservoir (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2010-10-29
    Description: Phosphorus is a biolimiting nutrient that has an important role in regulating the burial of organic matter and the redox state of the ocean-atmosphere system. The ratio of phosphorus to iron in iron-oxide-rich sedimentary rocks can be used to track dissolved phosphate concentrations if the dissolved silica concentration of sea water is estimated. Here we present iron and phosphorus concentration ratios from distal hydrothermal sediments and iron formations through time to study the evolution of the marine phosphate reservoir. The data suggest that phosphate concentrations have been relatively constant over the Phanerozoic eon, the past 542 million years (Myr) of Earth's history. In contrast, phosphate concentrations seem to have been elevated in Precambrian oceans. Specifically, there is a peak in phosphorus-to-iron ratios in Neoproterozoic iron formations dating from approximately 750 to approximately 635 Myr ago, indicating unusually high dissolved phosphate concentrations in the aftermath of widespread, low-latitude 'snowball Earth' glaciations. An enhanced postglacial phosphate flux would have caused high rates of primary productivity and organic carbon burial and a transition to more oxidizing conditions in the ocean and atmosphere. The snowball Earth glaciations and Neoproterozoic oxidation are both suggested as triggers for the evolution and radiation of metazoans. We propose that these two factors are intimately linked; a glacially induced nutrient surplus could have led to an increase in atmospheric oxygen, paving the way for the rise of metazoan life.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Planavsky, Noah J -- Rouxel, Olivier J -- Bekker, Andrey -- Lalonde, Stefan V -- Konhauser, Kurt O -- Reinhard, Christopher T -- Lyons, Timothy W -- England -- Nature. 2010 Oct 28;467(7319):1088-90. doi: 10.1038/nature09485.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Earth Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20981096" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aquatic Organisms/*metabolism ; Atmosphere/chemistry ; *Biological Evolution ; Ferric Compounds/analysis/metabolism ; Geologic Sediments/chemistry ; History, Ancient ; Ice Cover ; Iron/analysis/metabolism ; Marine Biology ; Oceans and Seas ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxygen/analysis/metabolism ; Phosphates/analysis/*metabolism ; Phosphorus/analysis/metabolism ; Seawater/chemistry ; Silicon Dioxide/analysis/metabolism
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    Evolutionary biology: pregnant fathers in charge (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2010-03-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Berglund, Anders -- England -- Nature. 2010 Mar 18;464(7287):364-5. doi: 10.1038/464364a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20237558" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abortion, Eugenic/veterinary ; Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Body Size/physiology ; *Conflict (Psychology) ; Embryo, Nonmammalian/embryology/physiology ; Embryonic Development/*physiology ; Female ; Male ; Mating Preference, Animal/*physiology ; Paternal Behavior ; Selection, Genetic ; *Sex ; Sex Characteristics ; Smegmamorpha/anatomy & histology/embryology/*physiology ; Survival Rate
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Promiscuity and the evolutionary transition to complex societies (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2010-08-21
    Description: Theory predicts that the evolution of cooperative behaviour is favoured by low levels of promiscuity leading to high within-group relatedness. However, in vertebrates, cooperation often occurs between non-relatives and promiscuity rates are among the highest recorded. Here we resolve this apparent inconsistency with a phylogenetic analysis of 267 bird species, demonstrating that cooperative breeding is associated with low promiscuity; that in cooperative species, helping is more common when promiscuity is low; and that intermediate levels of promiscuity favour kin discrimination. Overall, these results suggest that promiscuity is a unifying feature across taxa in explaining transitions to and from cooperative societies.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cornwallis, Charlie K -- West, Stuart A -- Davis, Katie E -- Griffin, Ashleigh S -- England -- Nature. 2010 Aug 19;466(7309):969-72. doi: 10.1038/nature09335.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Edward Grey Institute, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20725039" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Birds/classification/genetics/*physiology ; *Cooperative Behavior ; Fathers ; Female ; Male ; Models, Biological ; Mothers ; Phylogeny ; Reproduction/genetics/physiology ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; *Siblings
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    Mutational robustness can facilitate adaptation (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2010-01-22
    Description: Robustness seems to be the opposite of evolvability. If phenotypes are robust against mutation, we might expect that a population will have difficulty adapting to an environmental change, as several studies have suggested. However, other studies contend that robust organisms are more adaptable. A quantitative understanding of the relationship between robustness and evolvability will help resolve these conflicting reports and will clarify outstanding problems in molecular and experimental evolution, evolutionary developmental biology and protein engineering. Here we demonstrate, using a general population genetics model, that mutational robustness can either impede or facilitate adaptation, depending on the population size, the mutation rate and the structure of the fitness landscape. In particular, neutral diversity in a robust population can accelerate adaptation as long as the number of phenotypes accessible to an individual by mutation is smaller than the total number of phenotypes in the fitness landscape. These results provide a quantitative resolution to a significant ambiguity in evolutionary theory.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3071712/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3071712/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Draghi, Jeremy A -- Parsons, Todd L -- Wagner, Gunter P -- Plotkin, Joshua B -- 2U54AI057168/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U54 AI057168/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U54 AI057168-06S1/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 Jan 21;463(7279):353-5. doi: 10.1038/nature08694.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20090752" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptation, Physiological/*genetics ; *Biological Evolution ; Genetic Fitness/genetics ; Genetic Variation/genetics ; Genetics, Population ; Genotype ; Models, Genetic ; Mutagenesis/*genetics ; Mutation/*genetics ; Phenotype ; Population Density ; Time Factors
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    Evolutionary biology: A flourishing of fish forms (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2010-04-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Alfaro, Michael -- Santini, Francesco -- England -- Nature. 2010 Apr 8;464(7290):840-2. doi: 10.1038/464840a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20376139" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biodiversity ; *Biological Evolution ; Body Size ; Extinction, Biological ; Fishes/*anatomy & histology ; Fossils
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    Evolution: The first supper (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2010-12-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Eisenstein, Michael -- England -- Nature. 2010 Dec 23;468(7327):S8-9. doi: 10.1038/468S8a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21179084" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; *Diet ; Hominidae ; Humans ; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; Selection, Genetic
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    Experimentally assessing the relative importance of predation and competition as agents of selection (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2010-05-11
    Description: Field experiments that measure natural selection in response to manipulations of the selective regime are extremely rare, even in systems where the ecological basis of adaptation has been studied extensively. The adaptive radiation of Caribbean Anolis lizards has been studied for decades, leading to precise predictions about the influence of alternative agents of selection in the wild. Here we present experimental evidence for the relative importance of two putative agents of selection in shaping the adaptive landscape for a classic island radiation. We manipulated whole-island populations of the brown anole lizard, Anolis sagrei, to measure the relative importance of predation versus competition as agents of natural selection. We excluded or included bird and snake predators across six islands that ranged from low to high population densities of lizards, then measured subsequent differences in behaviour and natural selection in each population. Predators altered the lizards' perching behaviour and increased mortality, but predation treatments did not alter selection on phenotypic traits. By contrast, experimentally increasing population density dramatically increased the strength of viability selection favouring large body size, long relative limb length and high running stamina. Our results from A. sagrei are consistent with the hypothesis that intraspecific competition is more important than predation in shaping the selective landscape for traits central to the adaptive radiation of Anolis ecomorphs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Calsbeek, Ryan -- Cox, Robert M -- England -- Nature. 2010 Jun 3;465(7298):613-6. doi: 10.1038/nature09020. Epub 2010 May 9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, USA. ryan.calsbeek@dartmouth.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20453837" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bahamas ; Behavior, Animal/physiology ; *Biological Evolution ; Birds/physiology ; Body Size/physiology ; Competitive Behavior/*physiology ; Extremities/anatomy & histology ; Geography ; Lizards/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Models, Biological ; Organ Size/physiology ; Phenotype ; Population Density ; Predatory Behavior/*physiology ; Running/physiology ; Selection, Genetic/*physiology ; Snakes/physiology ; Survival Rate
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    Loss of fish actinotrichia proteins and the fin-to-limb transition (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2010-06-25
    Description: The early development of teleost paired fins is strikingly similar to that of tetrapod limb buds and is controlled by similar mechanisms. One early morphological divergence between pectoral fins and limbs is in the fate of the apical ectodermal ridge (AER), the distal epidermis that rims the bud. Whereas the AER of tetrapods regresses after specification of the skeletal progenitors, the AER of teleost fishes forms a fold that elongates. Formation of the fin fold is accompanied by the synthesis of two rows of rigid, unmineralized fibrils called actinotrichia, which keep the fold straight and guide the migration of mesenchymal cells within the fold. The actinotrichia are made of elastoidin, the components of which, apart from collagen, are unknown. Here we show that two zebrafish proteins, which we name actinodin 1 and 2 (And1 and And2), are essential structural components of elastoidin. The presence of actinodin sequences in several teleost fishes and in the elephant shark (Callorhinchus milii, which occupies a basal phylogenetic position), but not in tetrapods, suggests that these genes have been lost during tetrapod species evolution. Double gene knockdown of and1 and and2 in zebrafish embryos results in the absence of actinotrichia and impaired fin folds. Gene expression profiles in embryos lacking and1 and and2 function are consistent with pectoral fin truncation and may offer a potential explanation for the polydactyly observed in early tetrapod fossils. We propose that the loss of both actinodins and actinotrichia during evolution may have led to the loss of lepidotrichia and may have contributed to the fin-to-limb transition.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zhang, Jing -- Wagh, Purva -- Guay, Danielle -- Sanchez-Pulido, Luis -- Padhi, Bhaja K -- Korzh, Vladimir -- Andrade-Navarro, Miguel A -- Akimenko, Marie-Andree -- MC_U137761446/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada -- England -- Nature. 2010 Jul 8;466(7303):234-7. doi: 10.1038/nature09137. Epub 2010 Jun 23.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉CAREG, Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20574421" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animal Structures/*anatomy & histology/embryology/*physiology ; Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Collagen/chemistry/metabolism ; Ectoderm/embryology/metabolism ; Embryo, Nonmammalian/anatomy & histology/embryology/metabolism ; Evolution, Molecular ; Extremities/anatomy & histology/embryology/*physiology ; Fish Proteins/*deficiency/genetics/metabolism ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Gene Knockdown Techniques ; Limb Buds/anatomy & histology/embryology/metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Phylogeny ; Zebrafish/*anatomy & histology/embryology/genetics/*metabolism ; Zebrafish Proteins/deficiency/genetics/metabolism
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    Ground truth is the test that counts (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2010-10-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nonacs, Peter -- England -- Nature. 2010 Oct 7;467(7316):661. doi: 10.1038/467661c.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20930828" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Altruism ; Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Cooperative Behavior ; Female ; Male ; Mathematics ; *Models, Biological ; Selection, Genetic
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    Biogeochemistry: Phosphorus and the gust of fresh air (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2010-10-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Filippelli, Gabriel M -- England -- Nature. 2010 Oct 28;467(7319):1052-3. doi: 10.1038/4671052a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20981087" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aquatic Organisms/*metabolism ; Atmosphere/chemistry ; *Biological Evolution ; Ferric Compounds/analysis/metabolism ; Geologic Sediments/chemistry ; History, Ancient ; Ice Cover ; Iron/analysis/metabolism ; Oceans and Seas ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxygen/analysis/metabolism ; Phosphates/*metabolism ; Phosphorus/analysis/metabolism ; Seawater/chemistry
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    Post-copulatory sexual selection and sexual conflict in the evolution of male pregnancy (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2010-03-20
    Description: Male pregnancy in seahorses, pipefishes and sea dragons (family Syngnathidae) represents a striking reproductive adaptation that has shaped the evolution of behaviour and morphology in this group of fishes. In many syngnathid species, males brood their offspring in a specialized pouch, which presumably evolved to facilitate male parental care. However, an unexplored possibility is that brood pouch evolution was partly shaped by parent-offspring or sexual conflict, processes that would result in trade-offs between current and future pregnancies. Here we report a controlled breeding experiment using the sexually dimorphic Gulf pipefish, Syngnathus scovelli, to test for post-copulatory sexual selection within broods and for trade-offs between successive male pregnancies as functions of female attractiveness. Offspring survivorship within a pregnancy was affected by the size of a male's mate, the number of eggs transferred and the male's sexual responsiveness. Significantly, we also found that embryo survivorship in a current pregnancy was negatively related to survivorship in the prior pregnancy, clearly demonstrating fitness trade-offs between broods. Overall, our data indicate that post-copulatory sexual selection and sexual conflict occur in Gulf pipefishes. The conflict seems to be mediated by a strategy of cryptic choice in which males increase rates of offspring abortion in pregnancies from unattractive mothers to retain resources for future reproductive opportunities. Hence, the male brood pouch of syngnathid fishes, which nurtures offspring, also seems to have an important role as an arbiter of conflict between the sexes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Paczolt, Kimberly A -- Jones, Adam G -- England -- Nature. 2010 Mar 18;464(7287):401-4. doi: 10.1038/nature08861.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, 3258 TAMU, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77845, USA. kpaczolt@mail.bio.tamu.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20237568" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abortion, Eugenic/veterinary ; Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Body Size/physiology ; *Conflict (Psychology) ; *Copulation ; Embryo, Nonmammalian/embryology/physiology ; Embryonic Development/*physiology ; Female ; Male ; Mating Preference, Animal/*physiology ; Paternal Behavior ; Selection, Genetic ; *Sex ; Sex Characteristics ; Smegmamorpha/anatomy & histology/embryology/*physiology ; Survival Rate ; Texas
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    George C. Williams (1926-2010) (2010)
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    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-10-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Meyer, Axel -- England -- Nature. 2010 Oct 14;467(7317):790. doi: 10.1038/467790a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology at the University of Konstanz, D78457 Konstanz, Germany. axel.meyer@uni-konstanz.de〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20944730" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging/physiology ; *Biological Evolution ; History, 20th Century ; Models, Biological ; Reproduction/genetics/physiology ; *Selection, Genetic ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Evolution of language. Animal communication helps reveal roots of language (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-05-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Balter, Michael -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 May 21;328(5981):969-71. doi: 10.1126/science.328.5981.969.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20489002" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Animal Communication ; Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Brain/anatomy & histology/physiology ; Child, Preschool ; Dominance, Cerebral ; *Gestures ; Hominidae/anatomy & histology/physiology ; Humans ; Infant ; *Language ; Language Development ; Sign Language ; Songbirds/anatomy & histology/physiology ; *Speech ; Vocalization, Animal
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Geochemistry. Ocean chemistry and early animals (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-04-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Narbonne, Guy M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Apr 2;328(5974):53-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1188688.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Geological Sciences and Geological Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. narbonne@geol.queensu.ca〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20360098" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Carbon/analysis ; China ; Evolution, Chemical ; *Fossils ; Geologic Sediments/*chemistry ; Hydrogen Sulfide/analysis ; Iron/analysis ; Oceans and Seas ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxygen/analysis ; Seawater/*chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Fossil evidence for evolution of the shape and color of penguin feathers (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-10-12
    Description: Penguin feathers are highly modified in form and function, but there have been no fossils to inform their evolution. A giant penguin with feathers was recovered from the late Eocene (~36 million years ago) of Peru. The fossil reveals that key feathering features, including undifferentiated primary wing feathers and broad body contour feather shafts, evolved early in the penguin lineage. Analyses of fossilized color-imparting melanosomes reveal that their dimensions were similar to those of non-penguin avian taxa and that the feathering may have been predominantly gray and reddish-brown. In contrast, the dark black-brown color of extant penguin feathers is generated by large, ellipsoidal melanosomes previously unknown for birds. The nanostructure of penguin feathers was thus modified after earlier macrostructural modifications of feather shape linked to aquatic flight.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Clarke, Julia A -- Ksepka, Daniel T -- Salas-Gismondi, Rodolfo -- Altamirano, Ali J -- Shawkey, Matthew D -- D'Alba, Liliana -- Vinther, Jakob -- DeVries, Thomas J -- Baby, Patrice -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Nov 12;330(6006):954-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1193604. Epub 2010 Sep 30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Geological Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA. julia_clarke@jsg.utexas.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20929737" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Bone and Bones/anatomy & histology ; Feathers/*anatomy & histology/ultrastructure ; *Fossils ; Melanosomes/ultrastructure ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Peru ; Phylogeny ; *Pigmentation ; Spheniscidae/*anatomy & histology/classification ; Wings, Animal/anatomy & histology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    SPORE series winner. Science 101: building the foundations for real understanding (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-12-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Thanukos, Anastasia -- Scotchmoor, Judith G -- Caldwell, Roy -- Lindberg, David R -- 51003439/Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Dec 24;330(6012):1764-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1186994. Epub 2010 Dec 2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉University of California Museum of Paleontology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-4780, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21127217" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Awards and Prizes ; *Biological Evolution ; Biology/*education ; *Internet ; Science/*education ; Teaching ; *Teaching Materials
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    A stratified redox model for the Ediacaran ocean (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-02-13
    Description: The Ediacaran Period (635 to 542 million years ago) was a time of fundamental environmental and evolutionary change, culminating in the first appearance of macroscopic animals. Here, we present a detailed spatial and temporal record of Ediacaran ocean chemistry for the Doushantuo Formation in the Nanhua Basin, South China. We find evidence for a metastable zone of euxinic (anoxic and sulfidic) waters impinging on the continental shelf and sandwiched within ferruginous [Fe(II)-enriched] deep waters. A stratified ocean with coeval oxic, sulfidic, and ferruginous zones, favored by overall low oceanic sulfate concentrations, was maintained dynamically throughout the Ediacaran Period. Our model reconciles seemingly conflicting geochemical redox conditions proposed previously for Ediacaran deep oceans and helps to explain the patchy temporal record of early metazoan fossils.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Li, Chao -- Love, Gordon D -- Lyons, Timothy W -- Fike, David A -- Sessions, Alex L -- Chu, Xuelei -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Apr 2;328(5974):80-3. doi: 10.1126/science.1182369. Epub 2010 Feb 11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Earth Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA. chaoli@ucr.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20150442" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Carbonates/analysis ; China ; Ferrous Compounds/analysis ; *Fossils ; Geologic Sediments/*chemistry ; Hydrogen Sulfide ; Iron ; Oceans and Seas ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxygen/*analysis ; Seawater/*chemistry ; Sulfates/analysis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Chimpanzee research today. Cutting to the bone of human origins (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-04-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, Jon -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Apr 2;328(5974):43. doi: 10.1126/science.328.5974.43.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20360089" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Bone and Bones/*anatomy & histology/radiography ; California ; Databases as Topic ; Humans ; Pan troglodytes/*anatomy & histology ; Skull/anatomy & histology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Universities
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Comment on the paleobiology and classification of Ardipithecus ramidus (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-05-29
    Description: White and colleagues (Research Articles, 2 October 2009, pp. 64-106 and www.sciencemag.org/ardipithecus) reported Ardipithecus ramidus as an exclusive member of the human lineage post-African ape divergence. However, their analysis of shared-derived characters provides insufficient evidence of an ancestor-descendant relationship and exclusivity to the hominid lineage. Molecular and anatomical studies rather suggest that Ar. ramidus predates the human/African ape divergence.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sarmiento, Esteban E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 May 28;328(5982):1105; author reply 1105. doi: 10.1126/science.1184148.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Human Evolution Foundation, East Brunswick, NJ 08816, USA. este444@yahoo.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20508113" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Bone and Bones/anatomy & histology ; *Fossils ; Hominidae/*anatomy & histology/*classification/physiology ; Humans ; Locomotion ; Paleodontology ; Time
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Science education. Court to weigh university's decision not to hire astronomer (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-01-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Couzin-Frankel, Jennifer -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Dec 24;330(6012):1731. doi: 10.1126/science.330.6012.1731.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21205643" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Astronomy/*education ; *Biological Evolution ; Employment/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Kentucky ; *Religion and Science ; United States ; Universities/*legislation & jurisprudence
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    A test of the snowball theory for the rate of evolution of hybrid incompatibilities (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-09-18
    Description: Hybrids between species are often sterile or inviable because the long-diverged genomes of their parents cause developmental problems when they come together in a single individual. According to the Dobzhansky-Muller (DM) model, the number of genes involved in these "intrinsic postzygotic incompatibilities" should increase faster than linearly with the divergence time between species. This straightforward prediction of the DM model has remained contentious owing to a lack of explicit tests. Examining two pairs of Drosophila species, we show that the number of genes involved in postzygotic isolation increases at least as fast as the square of the number of substitutions (an index of divergence time) between species. This observation verifies a key prediction of the DM model.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Matute, Daniel R -- Butler, Ian A -- Turissini, David A -- Coyne, Jerry A -- R01GM058260/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Sep 17;329(5998):1518-21. doi: 10.1126/science.1193440.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Ecology and Evolution, The University of Chicago, 1101 East 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. dmatute@uchicago.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20847270" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Crosses, Genetic ; Drosophila/*genetics/physiology ; Drosophila melanogaster/genetics/physiology ; Epistasis, Genetic ; Female ; *Genes, Insect ; *Genetic Speciation ; *Hybridization, Genetic ; Infertility ; Male ; Models, Genetic ; Reproduction ; Species Specificity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Retrospective. Rossiter H. Crozier (1943-2009) (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-01-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Boomsma, Jacobus J -- Pamilo, Pekka -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Jan 1;327(5961):45. doi: 10.1126/science.1185061.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. jjboomsma@bio.ku.dk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20044566" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Australia ; Behavior, Animal ; *Biological Evolution ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; *Insects/genetics/physiology ; Social Behavior
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Reefs as cradles of evolution and sources of biodiversity in the Phanerozoic (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-01-09
    Description: Large-scale biodiversity gradients among environments and habitats are usually attributed to a complex array of ecological and evolutionary factors. We tested the evolutionary component of such gradients by compiling the environments of the geologically oldest occurrences of marine genera and using sampling standardization to assess if originations tended to be clustered in particular environments. Shallow, tropical environments and carbonate substrates all tend to have harbored high origination rates. Diversity within these environments tended to be preferentially generated in reefs, probably because of their habitat complexity. Reefs were also prolific at exporting diversity to other environments, which might be a consequence of low-diversity habitats being more susceptible to invasions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kiessling, Wolfgang -- Simpson, Carl -- Foote, Michael -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Jan 8;327(5962):196-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1182241.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Museum fur Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Research on Evolution and Biodiversity at the Humboldt University Berlin, 10115 Berlin, Germany. wolfgang.kiessling@mfn-berlin.de〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20056888" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Anthozoa ; *Biodiversity ; *Biological Evolution ; Calcium Carbonate ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; Fishes ; *Fossils ; Geography ; *Invertebrates/classification
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    The evolution of maximum body size of terrestrial mammals (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-11-27
    Description: The extinction of dinosaurs at the Cretaceous/Paleogene (K/Pg) boundary was the seminal event that opened the door for the subsequent diversification of terrestrial mammals. Our compilation of maximum body size at the ordinal level by sub-epoch shows a near-exponential increase after the K/Pg. On each continent, the maximum size of mammals leveled off after 40 million years ago and thereafter remained approximately constant. There was remarkable congruence in the rate, trajectory, and upper limit across continents, orders, and trophic guilds, despite differences in geological and climatic history, turnover of lineages, and ecological variation. Our analysis suggests that although the primary driver for the evolution of giant mammals was diversification to fill ecological niches, environmental temperature and land area may have ultimately constrained the maximum size achieved.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, Felisa A -- Boyer, Alison G -- Brown, James H -- Costa, Daniel P -- Dayan, Tamar -- Ernest, S K Morgan -- Evans, Alistair R -- Fortelius, Mikael -- Gittleman, John L -- Hamilton, Marcus J -- Harding, Larisa E -- Lintulaakso, Kari -- Lyons, S Kathleen -- McCain, Christy -- Okie, Jordan G -- Saarinen, Juha J -- Sibly, Richard M -- Stephens, Patrick R -- Theodor, Jessica -- Uhen, Mark D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Nov 26;330(6008):1216-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1194830.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, MSC03 2020, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA. fasmith@unm.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21109666" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Atmosphere ; *Biological Evolution ; *Body Size ; Ecosystem ; Environment ; Extinction, Biological ; Fossils ; Geography ; Mammals/*anatomy & histology/classification/growth & development ; Models, Biological ; Oxygen ; Phylogeny ; Temperature
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Functional and evolutionary insights from the genomes of three parasitoid Nasonia species (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2010-01-16
    Description: We report here genome sequences and comparative analyses of three closely related parasitoid wasps: Nasonia vitripennis, N. giraulti, and N. longicornis. Parasitoids are important regulators of arthropod populations, including major agricultural pests and disease vectors, and Nasonia is an emerging genetic model, particularly for evolutionary and developmental genetics. Key findings include the identification of a functional DNA methylation tool kit; hymenopteran-specific genes including diverse venoms; lateral gene transfers among Pox viruses, Wolbachia, and Nasonia; and the rapid evolution of genes involved in nuclear-mitochondrial interactions that are implicated in speciation. Newly developed genome resources advance Nasonia for genetic research, accelerate mapping and cloning of quantitative trait loci, and will ultimately provide tools and knowledge for further increasing the utility of parasitoids as pest insect-control agents.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2849982/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2849982/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Werren, John H -- Richards, Stephen -- Desjardins, Christopher A -- Niehuis, Oliver -- Gadau, Jurgen -- Colbourne, John K -- Nasonia Genome Working Group -- Beukeboom, Leo W -- Desplan, Claude -- Elsik, Christine G -- Grimmelikhuijzen, Cornelis J P -- Kitts, Paul -- Lynch, Jeremy A -- Murphy, Terence -- Oliveira, Deodoro C S G -- Smith, Christopher D -- van de Zande, Louis -- Worley, Kim C -- Zdobnov, Evgeny M -- Aerts, Maarten -- Albert, Stefan -- Anaya, Victor H -- Anzola, Juan M -- Barchuk, Angel R -- Behura, Susanta K -- Bera, Agata N -- Berenbaum, May R -- Bertossa, Rinaldo C -- Bitondi, Marcia M G -- Bordenstein, Seth R -- Bork, Peer -- Bornberg-Bauer, Erich -- Brunain, Marleen -- Cazzamali, Giuseppe -- Chaboub, Lesley -- Chacko, Joseph -- Chavez, Dean -- Childers, Christopher P -- Choi, Jeong-Hyeon -- Clark, Michael E -- Claudianos, Charles -- Clinton, Rochelle A -- Cree, Andrew G -- Cristino, Alexandre S -- Dang, Phat M -- Darby, Alistair C -- de Graaf, Dirk C -- Devreese, Bart -- Dinh, Huyen H -- Edwards, Rachel -- Elango, Navin -- Elhaik, Eran -- Ermolaeva, Olga -- Evans, Jay D -- Foret, Sylvain -- Fowler, Gerald R -- Gerlach, Daniel -- Gibson, Joshua D -- Gilbert, Donald G -- Graur, Dan -- Grunder, Stefan -- Hagen, Darren E -- Han, Yi -- Hauser, Frank -- Hultmark, Da -- Hunter, Henry C 4th -- Hurst, Gregory D D -- Jhangian, Shalini N -- Jiang, Huaiyang -- Johnson, Reed M -- Jones, Andrew K -- Junier, Thomas -- Kadowaki, Tatsuhiko -- Kamping, Albert -- Kapustin, Yuri -- Kechavarzi, Bobak -- Kim, Jaebum -- Kim, Jay -- Kiryutin, Boris -- Koevoets, Tosca -- Kovar, Christie L -- Kriventseva, Evgenia V -- Kucharski, Robert -- Lee, Heewook -- Lee, Sandra L -- Lees, Kristin -- Lewis, Lora R -- Loehlin, David W -- Logsdon, John M Jr -- Lopez, Jacqueline A -- Lozado, Ryan J -- Maglott, Donna -- Maleszka, Ryszard -- Mayampurath, Anoop -- Mazur, Danielle J -- McClure, Marcella A -- Moore, Andrew D -- Morgan, Margaret B -- Muller, Jean -- Munoz-Torres, Monica C -- Muzny, Donna M -- Nazareth, Lynne V -- Neupert, Susanne -- Nguyen, Ngoc B -- Nunes, Francis M F -- Oakeshott, John G -- Okwuonu, Geoffrey O -- Pannebakker, Bart A -- Pejaver, Vikas R -- Peng, Zuogang -- Pratt, Stephen C -- Predel, Reinhard -- Pu, Ling-Ling -- Ranson, Hilary -- Raychoudhury, Rhitoban -- Rechtsteiner, Andreas -- Reese, Justin T -- Reid, Jeffrey G -- Riddle, Megan -- Robertson, Hugh M -- Romero-Severson, Jeanne -- Rosenberg, Miriam -- Sackton, Timothy B -- Sattelle, David B -- Schluns, Helge -- Schmitt, Thomas -- Schneider, Martina -- Schuler, Andreas -- Schurko, Andrew M -- Shuker, David M -- Simoes, Zila L P -- Sinha, Saurabh -- Smith, Zachary -- Solovyev, Victor -- Souvorov, Alexandre -- Springauf, Andreas -- Stafflinger, Elisabeth -- Stage, Deborah E -- Stanke, Mario -- Tanaka, Yoshiaki -- Telschow, Arndt -- Trent, Carol -- Vattathil, Selina -- Verhulst, Eveline C -- Viljakainen, Lumi -- Wanner, Kevin W -- Waterhouse, Robert M -- Whitfield, James B -- Wilkes, Timothy E -- Williamson, Michael -- Willis, Judith H -- Wolschin, Florian -- Wyder, Stefan -- Yamada, Takuji -- Yi, Soojin V -- Zecher, Courtney N -- Zhang, Lan -- Gibbs, Richard A -- 5R01GM070026-04/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- 5R01HG000747-14/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- 5R24GM084917-02/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- AI028309-13A2/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI055624/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM064864/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM064864-04/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM064864-05A2/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM070026/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM070026-04S1/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM079484/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM085163/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM085163-01/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM085233/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG000747/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG000747-14/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01GM064864/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R24 GM084917/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R24 GM084917-01/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R24 GM084917-02/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG003273/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG003273-03/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- Intramural NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Jan 15;327(5963):343-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1178028.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20075255" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arthropods/parasitology ; *Biological Evolution ; DNA Methylation ; DNA Transposable Elements ; Female ; Gene Transfer, Horizontal ; Genes, Insect ; Genetic Speciation ; Genetic Variation ; *Genome, Insect ; Host-Parasite Interactions ; Insect Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Insect Viruses/genetics ; Insects/genetics ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Quantitative Trait Loci ; Recombination, Genetic ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Wasp Venoms/chemistry/toxicity ; Wasps/*genetics/physiology ; Wolbachia/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Studying extant species to model our past (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-01-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Whiten, Andrew -- McGrew, William C -- Aiello, Leslie C -- Boesch, Christophe -- Boyd, Robert -- Byrne, Richard W -- Dunbar, Robin I M -- Matsuzawa, Tetsuro -- Silk, Joan B -- Tomasello, Michael -- van Schaik, Carel P -- Wrangham, Richard -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Jan 22;327(5964):410; author reply 410-1. doi: 10.1126/science.327.5964.410-a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20093456" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior ; Behavior, Animal ; *Biological Evolution ; Cognition ; Female ; *Hominidae/classification ; Humans ; Male ; *Pan troglodytes/classification
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Evolution. In the deep blue sea (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-01-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pennisi, Elizabeth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Jan 29;327(5965):519. doi: 10.1126/science.327.5965.519.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20110481" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Anthozoa/classification/genetics ; Biodiversity ; *Biological Evolution ; Cnidaria/classification/genetics ; *Ecosystem ; Genes ; Genetic Speciation ; Geologic Sediments ; Phylogeny ; *Seawater
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Evolution. 'Toadness' a key feature for global spread of these amphibians (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-02-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pennisi, Elizabeth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Feb 5;327(5966):633. doi: 10.1126/science.327.5966.633-a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20133547" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptation, Biological ; Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; *Bufonidae/anatomy & histology/classification/physiology ; Genetic Speciation ; Population Dynamics ; South America
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    Anthropology. Apes among the tangled branches of human origins (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-01-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Harrison, Terry -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Jan 29;327(5965):532-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1184703.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for the Study of Human Origins, Department of Anthropology, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA. terry.harrison@nyu.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20110491" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Africa ; Animals ; Asia ; *Biological Evolution ; Cercopithecidae/classification ; Climate ; Europe ; Extinction, Biological ; Fossils ; *Hominidae/classification ; Humans ; Paleontology ; Pan troglodytes ; Phylogeny ; Seasons ; Time
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    Plasticity of animal genome architecture unmasked by rapid evolution of a pelagic tunicate (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-11-26
    Description: Genomes of animals as different as sponges and humans show conservation of global architecture. Here we show that multiple genomic features including transposon diversity, developmental gene repertoire, physical gene order, and intron-exon organization are shattered in the tunicate Oikopleura, belonging to the sister group of vertebrates and retaining chordate morphology. Ancestral architecture of animal genomes can be deeply modified and may therefore be largely nonadaptive. This rapidly evolving animal lineage thus offers unique perspectives on the level of genome plasticity. It also illuminates issues as fundamental as the mechanisms of intron gain.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3760481/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3760481/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Denoeud, France -- Henriet, Simon -- Mungpakdee, Sutada -- Aury, Jean-Marc -- Da Silva, Corinne -- Brinkmann, Henner -- Mikhaleva, Jana -- Olsen, Lisbeth Charlotte -- Jubin, Claire -- Canestro, Cristian -- Bouquet, Jean-Marie -- Danks, Gemma -- Poulain, Julie -- Campsteijn, Coen -- Adamski, Marcin -- Cross, Ismael -- Yadetie, Fekadu -- Muffato, Matthieu -- Louis, Alexandra -- Butcher, Stephen -- Tsagkogeorga, Georgia -- Konrad, Anke -- Singh, Sarabdeep -- Jensen, Marit Flo -- Huynh Cong, Evelyne -- Eikeseth-Otteraa, Helen -- Noel, Benjamin -- Anthouard, Veronique -- Porcel, Betina M -- Kachouri-Lafond, Rym -- Nishino, Atsuo -- Ugolini, Matteo -- Chourrout, Pascal -- Nishida, Hiroki -- Aasland, Rein -- Huzurbazar, Snehalata -- Westhof, Eric -- Delsuc, Frederic -- Lehrach, Hans -- Reinhardt, Richard -- Weissenbach, Jean -- Roy, Scott W -- Artiguenave, Francois -- Postlethwait, John H -- Manak, J Robert -- Thompson, Eric M -- Jaillon, Olivier -- Du Pasquier, Louis -- Boudinot, Pierre -- Liberles, David A -- Volff, Jean-Nicolas -- Philippe, Herve -- Lenhard, Boris -- Roest Crollius, Hugues -- Wincker, Patrick -- Chourrout, Daniel -- Z01 LM000073-12/Intramural NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Dec 3;330(6009):1381-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1194167. Epub 2010 Nov 18.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique, Institut de Genomique, Genoscope, Evry, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21097902" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; DNA Transposable Elements ; DNA, Intergenic ; Exons ; Gene Order ; Genes, Duplicate ; Genes, Homeobox ; *Genome ; Introns ; Invertebrates/classification/genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Recombination, Genetic ; Spliceosomes/metabolism ; Synteny ; Urochordata/anatomy & histology/classification/*genetics/immunology ; Vertebrates/classification/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Comment on "Climate, critters, and cetaceans: Cenozoic drivers of the evolution of modern whales" (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-10-12
    Description: Marx and Uhen (Reports, 19 February 2010, p. 993) suggested that correlated diversity changes in the fossil record of whales and diatoms reflects secular evolutionary signals of underlying ecological drivers. We question the meaning of this association and outline avenues for more complete testing of correlations between productivity and marine consumers through geologic time.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pyenson, Nicholas D -- Irmis, Randall B -- Lipps, Jere H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Oct 8;330(6001):178; author reply 178. doi: 10.1126/science.1189866.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Zoology, 6270 University Boulevard, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. pyensonn@si.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20929760" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biodiversity ; *Biological Evolution ; Climate ; *Diatoms ; *Ecosystem ; Food Chain ; *Fossils ; Geologic Sediments ; Oceans and Seas ; *Whales
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    Evolution. Tinkering inside the organelle (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-02-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Alcock, Felicity -- Clements, Abigail -- Webb, Chaille -- Lithgow, Trevor -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Feb 5;327(5966):649-50. doi: 10.1126/science.1182129.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Melbourne 3800, Australia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20133559" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alphaproteobacteria/genetics/*metabolism ; Amino Acid Transport Systems/chemistry/metabolism ; Bacterial Proteins/chemistry/metabolism ; *Biological Evolution ; *Eukaryotic Cells/metabolism/ultrastructure ; Evolution, Molecular ; *Mitochondria/metabolism ; Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins/chemistry/*metabolism ; *Protein Transport ; *Symbiosis
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    Has the microbiota played a critical role in the evolution of the adaptive immune system? (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-01-06
    Description: Although microbes have been classically viewed as pathogens, it is now well established that the majority of host-bacterial interactions are symbiotic. During development and into adulthood, gut bacteria shape the tissues, cells, and molecular profile of our gastrointestinal immune system. This partnership, forged over many millennia of coevolution, is based on a molecular exchange involving bacterial signals that are recognized by host receptors to mediate beneficial outcomes for both microbes and humans. We explore how specific aspects of the adaptive immune system are influenced by intestinal commensal bacteria. Understanding the molecular mechanisms that mediate symbiosis between commensal bacteria and humans may redefine how we view the evolution of adaptive immunity and consequently how we approach the treatment of numerous immunologic disorders.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3159383/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3159383/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lee, Yun Kyung -- Mazmanian, Sarkis K -- AI088626/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- DK078938/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK083633/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK078938/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK078938-01A2/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK078938-02/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK078938-03/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK078938-04/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R21 AI088626/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R21 AI088626-01/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R21 AI088626-02/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R21 DK083633/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R21 DK083633-01A1/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R21 DK083633-02/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Dec 24;330(6012):1768-73. doi: 10.1126/science.1195568.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21205662" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Adaptive Immunity ; Animals ; Autoimmune Diseases/immunology ; Bacteria/immunology ; *Bacterial Physiological Phenomena ; *Biological Evolution ; Cell Differentiation ; Humans ; Immune Tolerance ; Immunity, Innate ; Immunity, Mucosal ; Intestinal Mucosa/immunology/microbiology ; Intestines/immunology/*microbiology ; Metagenome/immunology/*physiology ; Symbiosis ; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/cytology/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/cytology/immunology
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    Genomics. A genome for the environment (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-02-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ebert, Dieter -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Feb 4;331(6017):539-40. doi: 10.1126/science.1202092.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Universitat Basel, Zoological Institute, Vesalgasse 1, 4059 Basel, Switzerland. dieter.ebert@unibas.ch〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21292957" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptation, Physiological ; Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Daphnia/*genetics/physiology ; *Ecosystem ; *Environment ; Evolution, Molecular ; *Gene Duplication ; *Genome ; Phenotype
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Comment on "Positive selection of tyrosine loss in metazoan evolution" (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-05-21
    Description: Tan et al. (Reports, 25 September 2009, p. 1686) argued that loss of tyrosine residues from proteins in metazoans was driven by positive selection to remove potentially deleterious phosphorylation sites. We challenge this hypothesis, providing evidence that the high guanine-cytosine (GC) content of metazoan genomes was the primary driver in the loss of tyrosine residues.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Su, Zhixi -- Huang, Wei -- Gu, Xun -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 May 20;332(6032):917; author reply 917. doi: 10.1126/science.1187374.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology and Center for Evolutionary Biology, School of Life Sciences, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21596977" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Base Composition ; *Biological Evolution ; Choanoflagellata/chemistry/genetics ; Evolution, Molecular ; Fungal Proteins/chemistry ; *Genome ; Phosphorylation ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism ; Proteins/*chemistry ; Protozoan Proteins/chemistry ; Saccharomycetales/chemistry/genetics ; *Selection, Genetic ; Tyrosine/*chemistry
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Evolution. How great wings can look alike (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carroll, Sean B -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Aug 26;333(6046):1100-1. doi: 10.1126/science.1211025.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 201 Bock Laboratories, Madison, WI 53706, USA. sbcarrol@facstaff.wisc.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21868661" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptation, Biological ; Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Butterflies/anatomy & histology/*genetics ; *Genes, Insect ; Genetic Variation ; Mutation ; Phenotype ; Pigmentation/*genetics ; Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Selection, Genetic ; Wings, Animal/*anatomy & histology
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    Evolution. Living fossil younger than thought (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-11-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Renner, Susanne S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Nov 11;334(6057):766-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1214649.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Biology Department, University of Munich, 80638 Munich, Germany. renner@lrz.uni-muenchen.de〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22076366" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biological Evolution ; *Cycadophyta ; *Fossils ; *Genetic Speciation
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Justifiable changes to Indicators survey (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-10-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Toumey, Chris -- Guterbock, Tom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Oct 7;334(6052):38-9. doi: 10.1126/science.334.6052.38-b.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21980094" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biological Evolution ; *Culture ; *Evolution, Planetary ; Humans ; *Knowledge ; *Religion and Science
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Genome-sequencing anniversary. The landscape of human evolution (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-02-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sabeti, Pardis -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Feb 11;331(6018):690. doi: 10.1126/science.1202570.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21310997" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biological Evolution ; *Evolution, Molecular ; *Genome, Human ; Humans
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    Evolution. The plant-fungal marketplace (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Selosse, Marc-Andre -- Rousset, Francois -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Aug 12;333(6044):828-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1210722.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE-CNRS), Montpellier, France. marc-andre.selosse@cefe.cnrs.fr〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21836002" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biological Evolution ; Glomeromycota/growth & development/*physiology ; Mycorrhizae/growth & development/*physiology ; Plant Physiological Phenomena ; Plant Roots/*microbiology/physiology ; Plants/*microbiology ; *Symbiosis
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    Diminishing returns epistasis among beneficial mutations decelerates adaptation (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-06-04
    Description: Epistasis has substantial impacts on evolution, in particular, the rate of adaptation. We generated combinations of beneficial mutations that arose in a lineage during rapid adaptation of a bacterium whose growth depended on a newly introduced metabolic pathway. The proportional selective benefit for three of the four loci consistently decreased when they were introduced onto more fit backgrounds. These three alleles all reduced morphological defects caused by expression of the foreign pathway. A simple theoretical model segregating the apparent contribution of individual alleles to benefits and costs effectively predicted the interactions between them. These results provide the first evidence that patterns of epistasis may differ for within- and between-gene interactions during adaptation and that diminishing returns epistasis contributes to the consistent observation of decelerating fitness gains during adaptation.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3244271/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3244271/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chou, Hsin-Hung -- Chiu, Hsuan-Chao -- Delaney, Nigel F -- Segre, Daniel -- Marx, Christopher J -- R01 GM078209/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM078209-05/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Jun 3;332(6034):1190-2. doi: 10.1126/science.1203799.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21636771" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Adaptation, Physiological ; Alleles ; *Biological Evolution ; *Epistasis, Genetic ; Evolution, Molecular ; *Genes, Bacterial ; *Genetic Fitness ; Genome, Bacterial ; Glutathione/metabolism ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways/genetics ; Methylobacterium extorquens/cytology/*genetics/metabolism/physiology ; Models, Genetic ; *Mutation ; Selection, Genetic
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    Evolution. Altruistic wasps? (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gadagkar, Raghavendra -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Aug 12;333(6044):833-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1210420.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012 India. ragh@ces.iisc.ernet.in〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21836006" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Altruism ; Animals ; *Behavior, Animal ; *Biological Evolution ; Female ; Genetic Fitness ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Nesting Behavior ; Reproduction ; Selection, Genetic ; *Social Behavior ; Wasps/genetics/*physiology
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    Three periods of regulatory innovation during vertebrate evolution (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-20
    Description: The gain, loss, and modification of gene regulatory elements may underlie a substantial proportion of phenotypic changes on animal lineages. To investigate the gain of regulatory elements throughout vertebrate evolution, we identified genome-wide sets of putative regulatory regions for five vertebrates, including humans. These putative regulatory regions are conserved nonexonic elements (CNEEs), which are evolutionarily conserved yet do not overlap any coding or noncoding mature transcript. We then inferred the branch on which each CNEE came under selective constraint. Our analysis identified three extended periods in the evolution of gene regulatory elements. Early vertebrate evolution was characterized by regulatory gains near transcription factors and developmental genes, but this trend was replaced by innovations near extracellular signaling genes, and then innovations near posttranslational protein modifiers.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3511857/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3511857/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lowe, Craig B -- Kellis, Manolis -- Siepel, Adam -- Raney, Brian J -- Clamp, Michele -- Salama, Sofie R -- Kingsley, David M -- Lindblad-Toh, Kerstin -- Haussler, David -- 1U01-HG004695/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- 5P41-HG002371/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- P41 HG002371/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- P50 HG002568/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- P50-HG02568/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG004037/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01-HG004037/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U01 HG004695/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG003067/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54-HG003067/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Aug 19;333(6045):1019-24. doi: 10.1126/science.1202702.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21852499" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Cattle ; *Conserved Sequence ; DNA, Intergenic/genetics ; *Evolution, Molecular ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes, Developmental ; Genome ; Humans ; Markov Chains ; Mice ; Oryzias/genetics ; Phylogeny ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational/genetics ; *Regulatory Elements, Transcriptional ; *Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Selection, Genetic ; Sequence Alignment ; Smegmamorpha/genetics ; Transcription Factors/genetics ; Vertebrates/*genetics
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    Paleontology. Evolving large and complex brains (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-05-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Northcutt, R Glenn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 May 20;332(6032):926-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1206915.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Comparative Neurobiology, Scripps Institution of Oceanography and Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. rgnorthcutt@ucsd.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21596983" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Brain/*anatomy & histology ; Cerebellum/anatomy & histology ; Cerebrum/anatomy & histology ; *Fossils ; Hair ; Mammals/*anatomy & histology ; Olfactory Bulb/anatomy & histology ; Olfactory Mucosa/anatomy & histology ; Organ Size ; Skull/anatomy & histology/radiography ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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    The diets of early hominins (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-10-15
    Description: Diet changes are considered key events in human evolution. Most studies of early hominin diets focused on tooth size, shape, and craniomandibular morphology, as well as stone tools and butchered animal bones. However, in recent years, dental microwear and stable isotope analyses have hinted at unexpected diversity and complexity in early hominin diets. Some traditional ideas have held; others, such as an increasing reliance on hard-object feeding and a dichotomy between Australopithecus and Paranthropus, have been challenged. The first known evidence of C(4) plant (tropical grasses and sedges) and hard-object (e.g., seeds and nuts) consumption dates to millions of years after the appearance of the earliest probable hominins, and there are no consistent trends in diet change among these species through time.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ungar, Peter S -- Sponheimer, Matt -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Oct 14;334(6053):190-3. doi: 10.1126/science.1207701.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Anthropology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA. pungar@uark.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21998380" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Carbon Isotopes/analysis ; Dental Enamel/chemistry ; Dentition ; *Diet ; Ecosystem ; Food ; *Fossils ; *Hominidae ; Jaw/anatomy & histology ; Skull/anatomy & histology ; Tooth/anatomy & histology ; Tooth Wear
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    A simple type of wood in two Early Devonian plants (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-13
    Description: The advent of wood (secondary xylem) is a major event of the Paleozoic Era, facilitating the evolution of large perennial plants. The first steps of wood evolution are unknown. We describe two small Early Devonian (407 to 397 million years ago) plants with secondary xylem including simple rays. Their wood currently represents the earliest evidence of secondary growth in plants. The small size of the plants and the presence of thick-walled cortical cells confirm that wood early evolution was driven by hydraulic constraints rather than by the necessity of mechanical support for increasing height. The plants described here are most probably precursors of lignophytes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gerrienne, Philippe -- Gensel, Patricia G -- Strullu-Derrien, Christine -- Lardeux, Hubert -- Steemans, Philippe -- Prestianni, Cyrille -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Aug 12;333(6044):837. doi: 10.1126/science.1208882.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Departement de Geologie, Universite de Liege (U.Lg), B18 Sart Tilman, B-4000 Liege 1, Belgium. P.Gerrienne@ulg.ac.be〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21836008" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biological Evolution ; Cambium/*anatomy & histology/cytology ; Canada ; Cell Wall/ultrastructure ; Fossils ; France ; Plant Cells ; Plants/*anatomy & histology ; Wood/*anatomy & histology/cytology ; Xylem/anatomy & histology/cytology
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    Human evolution. African data bolster new view of modern human origins (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-10-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gibbons, Ann -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Oct 14;334(6053):167. doi: 10.1126/science.334.6053.167.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21998361" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Africa South of the Sahara ; African Continental Ancestry Group/*genetics ; Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; *Fossils ; Genome ; Genome, Human ; Hominidae/*genetics ; Humans ; Radiometric Dating ; Skull/anatomy & histology
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    Anthropology. A new view of the birth of Homo sapiens (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-01-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gibbons, Ann -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Jan 28;331(6016):392-4. doi: 10.1126/science.331.6016.392.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21273464" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Africa ; Animals ; *Anthropology ; *Biological Evolution ; Breeding ; *Genome ; *Genome, Human ; *Hominidae/genetics ; Humans ; *Hybridization, Genetic ; Models, Biological
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    Bottom-up synthetic biology: engineering in a tinkerer's world (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2011-09-03
    Description: How synthetic can "synthetic biology" be? A literal interpretation of the name of this new life science discipline invokes expectations of the systematic construction of biological systems with cells being built module by module--from the bottom up. But can this possibly be achieved, taking into account the enormous complexity and redundancy of living systems, which distinguish them quite remarkably from design features that characterize human inventions? There are several recent developments in biology, in tight conjunction with quantitative disciplines, that may bring this literal perspective into the realm of the possible. However, such bottom-up engineering requires tools that were originally designed by nature's greatest tinkerer: evolution.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schwille, Petra -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Sep 2;333(6047):1252-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1211701.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Biophysics/BIOTEC, Technische Universitat (TU) Dresden, Tatzberg 47-51, D-01307 Dresden, Germany. schwille@biotec.tu-dresden.de〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21885774" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biological Evolution ; Biotechnology ; Gene Regulatory Networks ; *Genetic Engineering ; Interdisciplinary Communication ; *Synthetic Biology
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    Literary criticism. Red in tooth and claw among the literati (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-05-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kean, Sam -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 May 6;332(6030):654-6. doi: 10.1126/science.332.6030.654.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21551042" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biological Evolution ; *Cultural Evolution ; Humans ; *Literature ; *Psychology
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    Profile: Zenobia Jacobs and Richard Roberts. Dating duo illuminates modern humans' journey (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-05-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Balter, Michael -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 May 6;332(6030):658-61. doi: 10.1126/science.332.6030.658-a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21551045" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Archaeology/history/*methods ; Australia ; *Biological Evolution ; England ; *Geologic Sediments ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Light ; *Luminescent Measurements ; Radiometric Dating ; Silicon Dioxide ; South Africa
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    Was North Africa the launch pad for modern human migrations? (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2011-01-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Balter, Michael -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Jan 7;331(6013):20-3. doi: 10.1126/science.331.6013.20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21212332" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Africa South of the Sahara ; Africa, Northern ; Anthropology ; *Biological Evolution ; *Emigration and Immigration ; *Fossils ; Humans ; Paleodontology ; Skull/anatomy & histology ; Time ; Tooth/anatomy & histology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    The Selaginella genome identifies genetic changes associated with the evolution of vascular plants (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-05-10
    Description: Vascular plants appeared ~410 million years ago, then diverged into several lineages of which only two survive: the euphyllophytes (ferns and seed plants) and the lycophytes. We report here the genome sequence of the lycophyte Selaginella moellendorffii (Selaginella), the first nonseed vascular plant genome reported. By comparing gene content in evolutionarily diverse taxa, we found that the transition from a gametophyte- to a sporophyte-dominated life cycle required far fewer new genes than the transition from a nonseed vascular to a flowering plant, whereas secondary metabolic genes expanded extensively and in parallel in the lycophyte and angiosperm lineages. Selaginella differs in posttranscriptional gene regulation, including small RNA regulation of repetitive elements, an absence of the trans-acting small interfering RNA pathway, and extensive RNA editing of organellar genes.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3166216/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3166216/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Banks, Jo Ann -- Nishiyama, Tomoaki -- Hasebe, Mitsuyasu -- Bowman, John L -- Gribskov, Michael -- dePamphilis, Claude -- Albert, Victor A -- Aono, Naoki -- Aoyama, Tsuyoshi -- Ambrose, Barbara A -- Ashton, Neil W -- Axtell, Michael J -- Barker, Elizabeth -- Barker, Michael S -- Bennetzen, Jeffrey L -- Bonawitz, Nicholas D -- Chapple, Clint -- Cheng, Chaoyang -- Correa, Luiz Gustavo Guedes -- Dacre, Michael -- DeBarry, Jeremy -- Dreyer, Ingo -- Elias, Marek -- Engstrom, Eric M -- Estelle, Mark -- Feng, Liang -- Finet, Cedric -- Floyd, Sandra K -- Frommer, Wolf B -- Fujita, Tomomichi -- Gramzow, Lydia -- Gutensohn, Michael -- Harholt, Jesper -- Hattori, Mitsuru -- Heyl, Alexander -- Hirai, Tadayoshi -- Hiwatashi, Yuji -- Ishikawa, Masaki -- Iwata, Mineko -- Karol, Kenneth G -- Koehler, Barbara -- Kolukisaoglu, Uener -- Kubo, Minoru -- Kurata, Tetsuya -- Lalonde, Sylvie -- Li, Kejie -- Li, Ying -- Litt, Amy -- Lyons, Eric -- Manning, Gerard -- Maruyama, Takeshi -- Michael, Todd P -- Mikami, Koji -- Miyazaki, Saori -- Morinaga, Shin-ichi -- Murata, Takashi -- Mueller-Roeber, Bernd -- Nelson, David R -- Obara, Mari -- Oguri, Yasuko -- Olmstead, Richard G -- Onodera, Naoko -- Petersen, Bent Larsen -- Pils, Birgit -- Prigge, Michael -- Rensing, Stefan A -- Riano-Pachon, Diego Mauricio -- Roberts, Alison W -- Sato, Yoshikatsu -- Scheller, Henrik Vibe -- Schulz, Burkhard -- Schulz, Christian -- Shakirov, Eugene V -- Shibagaki, Nakako -- Shinohara, Naoki -- Shippen, Dorothy E -- Sorensen, Iben -- Sotooka, Ryo -- Sugimoto, Nagisa -- Sugita, Mamoru -- Sumikawa, Naomi -- Tanurdzic, Milos -- Theissen, Gunter -- Ulvskov, Peter -- Wakazuki, Sachiko -- Weng, Jing-Ke -- Willats, William W G T -- Wipf, Daniel -- Wolf, Paul G -- Yang, Lixing -- Zimmer, Andreas D -- Zhu, Qihui -- Mitros, Therese -- Hellsten, Uffe -- Loque, Dominique -- Otillar, Robert -- Salamov, Asaf -- Schmutz, Jeremy -- Shapiro, Harris -- Lindquist, Erika -- Lucas, Susan -- Rokhsar, Daniel -- Grigoriev, Igor V -- GM065383/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM84051/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HG004164/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM043644/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM084051/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM084051-01A1/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG004164/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG004164-02/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG004164-03/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG004164-04/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM007757/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- T32-HG00035/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 May 20;332(6032):960-3. doi: 10.1126/science.1203810. Epub 2011 May 5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA. banksj@purdue.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21551031" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Angiosperms/chemistry/genetics ; *Biological Evolution ; Bryopsida/genetics ; Chlamydomonas/chemistry/genetics ; DNA Transposable Elements ; Evolution, Molecular ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Genes, Plant ; *Genome, Plant ; MicroRNAs/genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Plant Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Proteome/analysis ; RNA Editing ; RNA, Plant/genetics ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Selaginellaceae/*genetics/growth & development/metabolism ; Sequence Analysis, DNA
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    European Society for Evolutionary Biology meeting. Mothering beetles suppress microbes to protect food for their young (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-09-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pennisi, Elizabeth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Sep 16;333(6049):1562. doi: 10.1126/science.333.6049.1562-a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21921170" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/*metabolism ; Beetles/*physiology ; *Biological Evolution ; Feeding Behavior ; Female ; Larva/physiology ; Muramidase/*metabolism ; Selection, Genetic
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Recently formed polyploid plants diversify at lower rates (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-20
    Description: Polyploidy, the doubling of genomic content, is a widespread feature, especially among plants, yet its macroevolutionary impacts are contentious. Traditionally, polyploidy has been considered an evolutionary dead end, whereas recent genomic studies suggest that polyploidy has been a key driver of macroevolutionary success. We examined the consequences of polyploidy on the time scale of genera across a diverse set of vascular plants, encompassing hundreds of inferred polyploidization events. Likelihood-based analyses indicate that polyploids generally exhibit lower speciation rates and higher extinction rates than diploids, providing the first quantitative corroboration of the dead-end hypothesis. The increased speciation rates of diploids can, in part, be ascribed to their capacity to speciate via polyploidy. Only particularly fit lineages of polyploids may persist to enjoy longer-term evolutionary success.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mayrose, Itay -- Zhan, Shing H -- Rothfels, Carl J -- Magnuson-Ford, Karen -- Barker, Michael S -- Rieseberg, Loren H -- Otto, Sarah P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Sep 2;333(6047):1257. doi: 10.1126/science.1207205. Epub 2011 Aug 18.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. itaymay@post.tau.ac.il〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21852456" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Angiosperms/*genetics ; *Biological Evolution ; Diploidy ; *Extinction, Biological ; Ferns/*genetics ; *Genetic Speciation ; Genome, Plant ; *Polyploidy
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    Negative epistasis between beneficial mutations in an evolving bacterial population (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-06-04
    Description: Epistatic interactions between mutations play a prominent role in evolutionary theories. Many studies have found that epistasis is widespread, but they have rarely considered beneficial mutations. We analyzed the effects of epistasis on fitness for the first five mutations to fix in an experimental population of Escherichia coli. Epistasis depended on the effects of the combined mutations--the larger the expected benefit, the more negative the epistatic effect. Epistasis thus tended to produce diminishing returns with genotype fitness, although interactions involving one particular mutation had the opposite effect. These data support models in which negative epistasis contributes to declining rates of adaptation over time. Sign epistasis was rare in this genome-wide study, in contrast to its prevalence in an earlier study of mutations in a single gene.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Khan, Aisha I -- Dinh, Duy M -- Schneider, Dominique -- Lenski, Richard E -- Cooper, Tim F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Jun 3;332(6034):1193-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1203801.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21636772" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Adaptation, Physiological ; *Biological Evolution ; *Epistasis, Genetic ; Escherichia coli/*genetics/physiology ; Evolution, Molecular ; Genes, Bacterial ; *Genetic Fitness ; Genome, Bacterial ; Genotype ; Models, Genetic ; *Mutation ; Selection, Genetic
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    Human genome 10th anniversary. Using DNA to reveal a mosquito's history (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-02-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pennisi, Elizabeth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Feb 25;331(6020):1006-7. doi: 10.1126/science.331.6020.1006.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21350143" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Culicidae/*classification/*genetics ; *DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic ; Human Genome Project ; Humans ; Phylogeography ; *Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; *Sequence Analysis, DNA
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    Human genome 10th anniversary. Tracing the tree of life (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-02-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pennisi, Elizabeth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Feb 25;331(6020):1005-6. doi: 10.1126/science.331.6020.1005-b.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21350141" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Human Genome Project ; Humans ; Invertebrates/*classification/*genetics ; Phylogeny ; *Sequence Analysis, DNA
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    Scientific literacy. New NSF survey tries to separate knowledge and belief (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-07-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bhattacharjee, Yudhijit -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Jul 22;333(6041):394. doi: 10.1126/science.333.6041.394.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21778371" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biological Evolution ; *Culture ; *Evolution, Planetary ; Humans ; *Knowledge ; *Religion and Science ; Science ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; United States ; United States Government Agencies
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    A diverse assemblage of Late Cretaceous dinosaur and bird feathers from Canadian amber (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-09-17
    Description: The fossil record of early feathers has relied on carbonized compressions that lack fine structural detail. Specimens in amber are preserved in greater detail, but they are rare. Late Cretaceous coal-rich strata from western Canada provide the richest and most diverse Mesozoic feather assemblage yet reported from amber. The fossils include primitive structures closely matching the protofeathers of nonavian dinosaurs, offering new insights into their structure and function. Additional derived morphologies confirm that plumage specialized for flight and underwater diving had evolved in Late Cretaceous birds. Because amber preserves feather structure and pigmentation in unmatched detail, these fossils provide novel insights regarding feather evolution.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McKellar, Ryan C -- Chatterton, Brian D E -- Wolfe, Alexander P -- Currie, Philip J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Sep 16;333(6049):1619-22. doi: 10.1126/science.1203344.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E3, Canada. rcm1@ualberta.ca〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21921196" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amber ; Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Birds/*anatomy & histology ; Canada ; Dinosaurs/*anatomy & histology ; Feathers/*anatomy & histology ; *Fossils ; *Pigmentation
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    Evolution in the schools. Tennessee House bill opens door to challenges to evolution, climate change (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-04-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mervis, Jeffrey -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Apr 15;332(6027):295. doi: 10.1126/science.332.6027.295.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21493834" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biological Evolution ; Biological Science Disciplines/*education ; *Climate Change ; Education/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Religion and Science ; Teaching/legislation & jurisprudence ; Tennessee
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    Australopithecus sediba hand demonstrates mosaic evolution of locomotor and manipulative abilities (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-09-10
    Description: Hand bones from a single individual with a clear taxonomic affiliation are scarce in the hominin fossil record, which has hampered understanding the evolution of manipulative abilities in hominins. Here we describe and analyze a nearly complete wrist and hand of an adult female [Malapa Hominin 2 (MH2)] Australopithecus sediba from Malapa, South Africa (1.977 million years ago). The hand presents a suite of Australopithecus-like features, such as a strong flexor apparatus associated with arboreal locomotion, and Homo-like features, such as a long thumb and short fingers associated with precision gripping and possibly stone tool production. Comparisons to other fossil hominins suggest that there were at least two distinct hand morphotypes around the Plio-Pleistocene transition. The MH2 fossils suggest that Au. sediba may represent a basal condition associated with early stone tool use and production.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kivell, Tracy L -- Kibii, Job M -- Churchill, Steven E -- Schmid, Peter -- Berger, Lee R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Sep 9;333(6048):1411-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1202625. Epub 2011 Sep 8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, Leipzig 04103, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21903806" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Carpal Bones/anatomy & histology ; Female ; Finger Phalanges/anatomy & histology ; *Fossils ; Hand/*anatomy & histology/physiology ; Hand Bones/*anatomy & histology ; Hominidae/*anatomy & histology/classification/physiology ; Humans ; Locomotion ; Metacarpal Bones/anatomy & histology ; Motor Activity ; South Africa ; Thumb/anatomy & histology ; Tool Use Behavior
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    A 100,000-year-old ochre-processing workshop at Blombos Cave, South Africa (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2011-10-15
    Description: The conceptual ability to source, combine, and store substances that enhance technology or social practices represents a benchmark in the evolution of complex human cognition. Excavations in 2008 at Blombos Cave, South Africa, revealed a processing workshop where a liquefied ochre-rich mixture was produced and stored in two Haliotis midae (abalone) shells 100,000 years ago. Ochre, bone, charcoal, grindstones, and hammerstones form a composite part of this production toolkit. The application of the mixture is unknown, but possibilities include decoration and skin protection.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Henshilwood, Christopher S -- d'Errico, Francesco -- van Niekerk, Karen L -- Coquinot, Yvan -- Jacobs, Zenobia -- Lauritzen, Stein-Erik -- Menu, Michel -- Garcia-Moreno, Renata -- 249587/European Research Council/International -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Oct 14;334(6053):219-22. doi: 10.1126/science.1211535.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute for Archaeology, History, Culture and Religion, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. christopher.henshilwood@ahkr.uib.no〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21998386" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biological Evolution ; *Cognition ; Coloring Agents/*history ; *Geologic Sediments ; Geological Phenomena ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; South Africa
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    Primitive ladder-of-life thinking has evolved (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2011-12-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kutschera, U -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Dec 9;334(6061):1347; author reply 1347-8. doi: 10.1126/science.334.6061.1347-a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22158803" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; *Energy Metabolism ; *Predatory Behavior ; Scyphozoa/*anatomy & histology/*physiology
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    Evolution. CNCing is believing (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wray, Gregory A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Aug 19;333(6045):946-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1210771.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology and Institute for Genome Sciences & Policy, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA. gwray@duke.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21852480" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; *Conserved Sequence ; DNA, Intergenic/genetics ; Enhancer Elements, Genetic ; *Evolution, Molecular ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes, Developmental ; Genome ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational ; Proteins/genetics ; *Regulatory Elements, Transcriptional ; *Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Selection, Genetic ; Transcription Factors/genetics ; Vertebrates/*genetics
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    Anthropology. Climate and human evolution (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2011-02-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉deMenocal, Peter B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Feb 4;331(6017):540-2. doi: 10.1126/science.1190683.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10964, USA. peter@ldeo.columbia.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21292958" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptation, Biological ; Africa ; Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; *Climate Change ; Ecosystem ; Environment ; Extinction, Biological ; Fossils ; Genetic Speciation ; *Hominidae ; Humans ; Ruminants ; Time
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    Evolution. Sex, death, and the Red Queen (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-07-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brockhurst, Michael A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Jul 8;333(6039):166-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1209420.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. michael.brockhurst@liv.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21737728" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptation, Biological ; Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Caenorhabditis elegans/*genetics/*microbiology/physiology ; Extinction, Biological ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Hermaphroditic Organisms ; *Host-Pathogen Interactions ; Male ; Models, Animal ; *Reproduction ; *Selection, Genetic ; Self-Fertilization ; Serratia marcescens/genetics/*physiology ; *Sex
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    Dietary change and evolution of horses in North America (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-03-10
    Description: The evolution of high-crowned molars among horses (Family Equidae) is thought to be an adaptation for abrasive diets associated with the spread of grasslands. The sharpness and relief of the worn cusp apices of teeth (mesowear) are a measure of dietary abrasion. We collected mesowear data for North American Equidae for the past 55.5 million years to test the association of molar height and dietary abrasion. Mesowear trends in horses are reflective of global cooling and associated vegetation changes. There is a strong correlation between mesowear and crown height in horses; however, most horse paleopopulations had highly variable amounts of dietary abrasion, suggesting that selective pressures for crown height may have been weak much of the time. However, instances of higher abrasion were observed in some paleopopulations, suggesting intervals of stronger selection for the evolution of dentitions, including the early Miocene shortly before the first appearance of Equinae, the horse subfamily in which high-crowned dentitions evolved.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mihlbachler, Matthew C -- Rivals, Florent -- Solounias, Nikos -- Semprebon, Gina M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Mar 4;331(6021):1178-81. doi: 10.1126/science.1196166.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Anatomy, New York College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA. mmihlbac@nyit.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21385712" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Climate ; *Dentition ; *Diet ; *Equidae/anatomy & histology/classification ; *Fossils ; Horses/anatomy & histology/classification ; Molar/*anatomy & histology ; North America ; Paleodontology ; Phylogeny ; Poaceae ; Tooth Crown/*anatomy & histology ; Tooth Wear
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Passive origins of stomatal control in vascular plants (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-12-18
    Description: Carbon and water flow between plants and the atmosphere is regulated by the opening and closing of minute stomatal pores in surfaces of leaves. By changing the aperture of stomata, plants regulate water loss and photosynthetic carbon gain in response to many environmental stimuli, but stomatal movements cannot yet be reliably predicted. We found that the complexity that characterizes stomatal control in seed plants is absent in early-diverging vascular plant lineages. Lycophyte and fern stomata are shown to lack key responses to abscisic acid and epidermal cell turgor, making their behavior highly predictable. These results indicate that a fundamental transition from passive to active metabolic control of plant water balance occurred after the divergence of ferns about 360 million years ago.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brodribb, Tim J -- McAdam, Scott A M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Feb 4;331(6017):582-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1197985. Epub 2010 Dec 16.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Plant Science, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 55, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia. timothyb@utas.edu.au〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21163966" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abscisic Acid/metabolism/pharmacology ; Angiosperms/metabolism/*physiology ; *Biological Evolution ; Ferns/metabolism/*physiology ; Gymnosperms/metabolism/*physiology ; Light ; Lycopodiaceae/metabolism/*physiology ; Plant Epidermis/metabolism ; Plant Leaves/*metabolism ; Plant Stomata/cytology/*physiology ; Plant Transpiration ; Vapor Pressure ; Water/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Ancestral developmental potential facilitates parallel evolution in ants (2012)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-01-10
    Description: Complex worker caste systems have contributed to the evolutionary success of advanced ant societies; however, little is known about the developmental processes underlying their origin and evolution. We combined hormonal manipulation, gene expression, and phylogenetic analyses with field observations to understand how novel worker subcastes evolve. We uncovered an ancestral developmental potential to produce a "supersoldier" subcaste that has been actualized at least two times independently in the hyperdiverse ant genus Pheidole. This potential has been retained and can be environmentally induced throughout the genus. Therefore, the retention and induction of this potential have facilitated the parallel evolution of supersoldiers through a process known as genetic accommodation. The recurrent induction of ancestral developmental potential may facilitate the adaptive and parallel evolution of phenotypes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rajakumar, Rajendhran -- San Mauro, Diego -- Dijkstra, Michiel B -- Huang, Ming H -- Wheeler, Diana E -- Hiou-Tim, Francois -- Khila, Abderrahman -- Cournoyea, Michael -- Abouheif, Ehab -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Jan 6;335(6064):79-82. doi: 10.1126/science.1211451.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, McGill University, 1205 Avenue Dr. Penfield, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3A 1B1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22223805" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Ants/*genetics/growth & development/physiology ; *Biological Evolution ; Environment ; Female ; Genes, Insect ; Larva/growth & development ; Male ; Methoprene/pharmacology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phenotype ; Phylogeny ; Selection, Genetic ; Social Behavior ; Wings, Animal/growth & development
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    Evolution's misleading language (2012)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2012-11-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Burdett, Alfred Nigel -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Nov 9;338(6108):741-2. doi: 10.1126/science.338.6108.741.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23139313" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biological Evolution ; *Language
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    Comment on "A diverse assemblage of Late Cretaceous dinosaur and bird feathers from Canadian amber" (2012)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-02-22
    Description: McKellar et al. (Reports, 16 September 2011, p. 1619) analyzed Late Cretaceous amber specimens from Canada and identified some filaments as dinosaurian protofeathers. We argue that their analysis and data do not provide sufficient evidence to conclude that such filaments are feather-like structures. Further investigation, including destructive sampling, must be carried out for more convincing conclusions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dove, Carla J -- Straker, Lorian C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Feb 17;335(6070):796; author reply 796. doi: 10.1126/science.1216208.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Division of Birds, Washington, DC 20013-7012, USA. dovec@si.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22344430" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Birds/*anatomy & histology ; Dinosaurs/*anatomy & histology ; Feathers/*anatomy & histology ; *Fossils ; *Pigmentation
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    Paleontology. Old and groovy (2012)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2012-06-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Droser, Mary L -- Gehling, James G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Jun 29;336(6089):1646-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1223848.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Earth Sciences, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA. mary.droser@ucr.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22745409" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; *Fossils
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    Anthropology. Did australopiths climb trees? (2012)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-11-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Larson, Susan -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Oct 26;338(6106):478-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1230128.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA. susan.larson@stonybrook.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23112319" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Adaptation, Physiological ; Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Hominidae/*anatomy & histology ; Humans ; *Locomotion ; Scapula/*anatomy & histology
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    Global correlations in tropical tree species richness and abundance reject neutrality (2012)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-01-28
    Description: Patterns of species richness and relative abundance at some scales cannot be distinguished from predictions of null models, including zero-sum neutral models of population change and random speciation-extinction models of evolutionary diversification. Both models predict that species richness or population abundance produced by independent iterations of the same processes in different regions should be uncorrelated. We find instead that the number of species and individuals in families of trees in forest plots are strongly correlated across Southeast Asia, Africa, and tropical America. These correlations imply that deterministic processes influenced by evolutionarily conservative family-level traits constrain the number of confamilial tree species and individuals that can be supported in regional species pools and local assemblages in humid tropical forests.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ricklefs, Robert E -- Renner, Susanne S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Jan 27;335(6067):464-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1215182.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, University of Missouri-St. Louis, MO 63121-4499, USA. ricklefs@umsl.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22282811" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Africa, Western ; Asia, Southeastern ; *Biodiversity ; *Biological Evolution ; *Ecosystem ; Extinction, Biological ; Genetic Speciation ; Geography ; South America ; *Trees ; Tropical Climate
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    Ecological context influences epidemic size and parasite-driven evolution (2012)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2012-03-31
    Description: The occurrence and magnitude of disease outbreaks can strongly influence host evolution. In particular, when hosts face a resistance-fecundity trade-off, they might evolve increased resistance to infection during larger epidemics but increased susceptibility during smaller ones. We tested this theoretical prediction by using a zooplankton-yeast host-parasite system in which ecological factors determine epidemic size. Lakes with high productivity and low predation pressure had large yeast epidemics; during these outbreaks, hosts became more resistant to infection. However, with low productivity and high predation, epidemics remained small and hosts evolved increased susceptibility. Thus, by modulating disease outbreaks, ecological context (productivity and predation) shaped host evolution during epidemics. Consequently, anthropogenic alteration of productivity and predation might strongly influence both ecological and evolutionary outcomes of disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Duffy, Meghan A -- Ochs, Jessica Housley -- Penczykowski, Rachel M -- Civitello, David J -- Klausmeier, Christopher A -- Hall, Spencer R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Mar 30;335(6076):1636-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1215429.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0230, USA. duffy@gatech.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22461614" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Daphnia/*microbiology/*physiology ; *Ecosystem ; Female ; Fishes ; *Host-Pathogen Interactions ; Indiana ; *Lakes ; Male ; Metschnikowia/*pathogenicity ; Models, Biological ; Population Dynamics ; Predatory Behavior ; Reproduction ; Zooplankton/microbiology/physiology
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    Retrospective. Lynn Margulis (1938-2011) (2012)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2012-01-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schaechter, Moselio -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Jan 20;335(6066):302. doi: 10.1126/science.1218027.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Biology Department, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA. mschaech@sunstroke.sdsu.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22267805" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biological Evolution ; *Eukaryotic Cells ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; *Symbiosis ; United States
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    Comment on "Global correlations in tropical tree species richness and abundance reject neutrality" (2012)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-06-30
    Description: Ricklefs and Renner (Reports, 27 January 2012, p. 464) suggested that strong correlations in the diversity of shared families between isolated tree assemblages reject neutrality. Simulations of a neutral model indicate, however, that isolated assemblages under various configurations of random speciation and extinction do sustain strong correlations in the diversity of shared families. Thus, reported correlations support rather than reject neutral theory.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mora, Camilo -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Jun 29;336(6089):1639; author reply 1639. doi: 10.1126/science.1220980.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Geography, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA. cmora@hawaii.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22745402" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biodiversity ; *Biological Evolution ; *Ecosystem ; *Trees
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    Comment on "Levy walks evolve through interaction between movement and environmental complexity" (2012)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2012-03-01
    Description: de Jager et al. (Reports, 24 June 2011, p. 1551) concluded that mussels Levy walk. We confronted a larger model set with these data and found that mussels do not Levy walk: Their movement is best described by a composite Brownian walk. This shows how model selection based on an impoverished set of candidate models can lead to incorrect inferences.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jansen, Vincent A A -- Mashanova, Alla -- Petrovskii, Sergei -- BB/G007934/1/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Feb 24;335(6071):918; author reply 918. doi: 10.1126/science.1215747.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Surrey TW20 0EX, UK. vincent.jansen@rhul.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22362991" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; *Ecosystem ; Mytilus edulis/*physiology
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    Evolution. Efficiency in evolutionary trade-offs (2012)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2012-06-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Noor, Elad -- Milo, Ron -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Jun 1;336(6085):1114-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1223193.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Plant Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22654045" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bacteria/*metabolism ; *Biological Evolution ; Escherichia coli/*metabolism ; *Genetic Fitness ; *Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; *Phenotype
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    Centrosome loss in the evolution of planarians (2012)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2012-01-10
    Description: The centrosome, a cytoplasmic organelle formed by cylinder-shaped centrioles surrounded by a microtubule-organizing matrix, is a hallmark of animal cells. The centrosome is conserved and essential for the development of all animal species described so far. Here, we show that planarians, and possibly other flatworms, lack centrosomes. In planarians, centrioles are only assembled in terminally differentiating ciliated cells through the acentriolar pathway to trigger the assembly of cilia. We identified a large set of conserved proteins required for centriole assembly in animals and note centrosome protein families that are missing from the planarian genome. Our study uncovers the molecular architecture and evolution of the animal centrosome and emphasizes the plasticity of animal cell biology and development.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3347778/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3347778/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Azimzadeh, Juliette -- Wong, Mei Lie -- Downhour, Diane Miller -- Sanchez Alvarado, Alejandro -- Marshall, Wallace F -- GM077004/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM57260/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM057260/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM077004/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R37 GM057260/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Jan 27;335(6067):461-3. doi: 10.1126/science.1214457. Epub 2012 Jan 5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California-San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. juliette.azimzadeh@ucsf.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22223737" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Centrioles/metabolism/ultrastructure ; *Centrosome/metabolism/ultrastructure ; Cilia/metabolism/ultrastructure ; Genome, Helminth ; Helminth Proteins/*genetics/metabolism ; Movement ; Phenotype ; Planarians/*genetics/physiology/*ultrastructure ; RNA Interference ; Regeneration ; Selection, Genetic
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    Comment on "Global correlations in tropical tree species richness and abundance reject neutrality" (2012)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-06-30
    Description: Ricklefs and Renner (Reports, 27 January 2012, p. 464) found significant correlations for abundances and species diversities of families and orders of trees on different continents, which they suggested falsifies the neutral theory of biodiversity (NTB). We argue that the correlations among families and orders and the lack of correlations among genera can be explained by the NTB.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chen, Anping -- Wang, Shaopeng -- Pacala, Stephen W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Jun 29;336(6089):1639; author reply 1639. doi: 10.1126/science.1222534.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. anpingc@princeton.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22745403" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biodiversity ; *Biological Evolution ; *Ecosystem ; *Trees
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    Evolution of language. Experiments probe language's origins and development (2012)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2012-04-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Normile, Dennis -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Apr 27;336(6080):408-11. doi: 10.1126/science.336.6080.408.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22539697" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Brain/*physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Cognition ; Computer Simulation ; *Cultural Evolution ; Finches ; Hominidae ; Humans ; *Language ; *Learning ; Linguistics ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Tool Use Behavior ; Vocalization, Animal
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 97
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    Multidimensional optimality of microbial metabolism (2012)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-05-05
    Description: Although the network topology of metabolism is well known, understanding the principles that govern the distribution of fluxes through metabolism lags behind. Experimentally, these fluxes can be measured by (13)C-flux analysis, and there has been a long-standing interest in understanding this functional network operation from an evolutionary perspective. On the basis of (13)C-determined fluxes from nine bacteria and multi-objective optimization theory, we show that metabolism operates close to the Pareto-optimal surface of a three-dimensional space defined by competing objectives. Consistent with flux data from evolved Escherichia coli, we propose that flux states evolve under the trade-off between two principles: optimality under one given condition and minimal adjustment between conditions. These principles form the forces by which evolution shapes metabolic fluxes in microorganisms' environmental context.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schuetz, Robert -- Zamboni, Nicola -- Zampieri, Mattia -- Heinemann, Matthias -- Sauer, Uwe -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 May 4;336(6081):601-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1216882.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22556256" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptation, Physiological ; Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Aerobiosis ; Algorithms ; Bacteria/growth & development/*metabolism ; *Biological Evolution ; Biomass ; Computer Simulation ; Escherichia coli/genetics/growth & development/*metabolism ; Glucose/metabolism ; *Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; Models, Biological
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 98
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    Evolution of shape by multiple regulatory changes to a growth gene (2012)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-03-01
    Description: The genetic changes responsible for morphological differences between species are largely unidentified. Such changes can involve modifications of growth that are relevant to understanding evolution, development, and disease. We identified a gene that induces male-specific wing size and shape differences between Nasonia wasp species. Fine-scale mapping and in situ hybridization reveal that changes in at least three regions (two strictly in noncoding sequence) around the gene unpaired-like (upd-like) cause changes in spatial and temporal expression of upd-like in the developing wing and corresponding changes in wing width. Upd-like shows homology to the Drosophila unpaired gene, a well-studied signaling protein that regulates cell proliferation and differentiation. Our results indicate how multiple changes in the regulation of upd-like are involved in microevolution of morphological and sex-specific differences between species.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3520604/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3520604/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Loehlin, David W -- Werren, John H -- 5R01 GM070026-04/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- 5R24 GM084917-04/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM070026/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R24 GM084917/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Feb 24;335(6071):943-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1215193.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA. loehlin@wisc.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22363002" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Cloning, Molecular ; Drosophila/genetics ; Drosophila Proteins/genetics ; Female ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Genes, Insect ; Insect Proteins/*genetics/metabolism ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Morphogenesis/genetics ; Organ Size ; Quantitative Trait Loci ; Sex Characteristics ; Species Specificity ; Transcription Factors/genetics ; Wasps/anatomy & histology/*genetics/*growth & development ; Wings, Animal/*anatomy & histology/*growth & development/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 99
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    Climate's role in polar bear past (2012)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-06-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Galbreath, Kurt E -- Cook, Joseph A -- Hoberg, Eric P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Jun 8;336(6086):1230. doi: 10.1126/science.336.6086.1230-a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22679079" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; *Genome ; *Multilocus Sequence Typing ; Ursidae/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 100
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    Big brains, little bodies (2012)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-12-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wcislo, William T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Dec 14;338(6113):1419; author reply 1419. doi: 10.1126/science.338.6113.1419-b.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23239715" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Brain/*anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Humans
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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