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  • Articles  (439)
  • United States  (276)
  • Cloning, Molecular  (89)
  • Tumor Cells, Cultured  (85)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (439)
  • 1995-1999  (439)
  • 1999  (232)
  • 1997  (207)
Collection
  • Articles  (439)
Source
Keywords
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (439)
  • Springer  (6)
Years
  • 1995-1999  (439)
Year
Journal
Topic
  • 1
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    Lead regulation (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-01-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goldman, L R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1998 Dec 4;282(5395):1825-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9874633" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Child ; Environmental Exposure ; Environmental Pollutants/adverse effects ; Government Agencies ; Humans ; Lead/adverse effects ; Lead Poisoning/*prevention & control ; United States ; United States Environmental Protection Agency
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Freedom of information requests (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-01-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gough, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1998 Dec 4;282(5395):1823.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9874631" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid/adverse effects ; 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid/adverse effects ; Confidentiality/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Defoliants, Chemical ; Financing, Government ; Humans ; *Public Policy ; Research/*legislation & jurisprudence ; *Research Support as Topic ; Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin/adverse effects ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Postdoctoral patterns, career advancement, and problems (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-09-08
    Description: Postdoctoral appointments can have different functions and meanings, depending on the field and whether the postdoc is a man or a woman. The Ph.D.'s-Ten Years Later study confirmed that in biochemistry, the postdoc, not the Ph.D., has become the general proving ground for excellence both in academia and industry. Because they spent a longer time in these "mandatory" postdocs, biochemists had the largest proportion of untenured faculty 10 to 13 years after the Ph. D. In mathematics, where substantially fewer postdoctoral positions are available, Ph.D.'s taking postdocs are more likely to obtain faculty positions, but this is true only for men. University administrators should be accountable for monitoring the total time spent in these positions and should provide administrative assistance for skills training, career growth, and the job search. In addition, creative solutions concerning the dual-career couple phenomenon are necessary.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nerad, M -- Cerny, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Sep 3;285(5433):1533-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Graduate Division, University of California, Berkeley, 424 Sproul Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720-5900, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10477510" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biochemistry/education ; *Career Mobility ; *Education, Graduate ; Employment ; Faculty ; *Fellowships and Scholarships ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; *Mathematics ; Salaries and Fringe Benefits ; Societies, Scientific ; Time Factors ; United States ; Universities
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Beefed-up NIH center probes unconventional therapies (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-01-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Couzin, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1998 Dec 18;282(5397):2175-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9890822" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Budgets ; Cartilage ; *Complementary Therapies/economics/organization & administration ; Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/therapy ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/economics/*organization & administration ; Research Support as Topic ; Tissue Extracts/therapeutic use ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    The man who would spin genes into gold (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-09-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wickelgren, I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Aug 13;285(5430):999.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10475850" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biotechnology/history ; Genetics, Medical/history ; Genome, Human ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Need for neutron diffraction instruments (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-12-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Langan, P -- Schoenborn, B P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Nov 5;286(5442):1089.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10610521" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Crystallography/*instrumentation ; *Neutrons ; Proteins/*chemistry ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Drug development in space? (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-07-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Laver, W G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jun 25;284(5423):2089.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10409063" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Crystallization ; Neuraminidase/*chemistry ; *Space Flight ; *Spacecraft ; United States ; United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration ; *Weightlessness
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    From mice to maize (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-01-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lawler, C -- Erbisch, F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jan 1;283(5398):33-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9917260" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biotechnology ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; *Patents as Topic ; Plants, Genetically Modified/*genetics ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Ethical dilemmas and stem cell research (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-10-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shapiro, H T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Sep 24;285(5436):2065.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10523197" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Advisory Committees ; *Bioethical Issues ; Embryo Research ; Embryo, Mammalian/*cytology ; Ethics Committees ; Financing, Government ; Government Regulation ; Humans ; Private Sector ; *Public Policy ; Research/*standards ; Research Support as Topic ; *Stem Cells ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Gertrude Belle Elion (1918-1999) (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-06-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Colvin, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 May 28;284(5419):1480.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Duke Comprehensive Cancer Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA. colvi003@mc.duke.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10383327" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chemistry, Pharmaceutical/history ; Drug Design ; History, 20th Century ; Nobel Prize ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 11
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    Unmasking a cheating gene (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-04-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Crow, J F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Mar 12;283(5408):1651-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Genetics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA. jfcrow@facstaff.wisc.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10189318" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Carrier Proteins/*genetics/physiology ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Cloning, Molecular ; Drosophila/*genetics/physiology ; *Drosophila Proteins ; *GTPase-Activating Proteins ; *Genes, Insect ; Male ; *Meiosis ; Nuclear Proteins/*genetics/physiology ; Sperm Maturation ; Spermatozoa/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 12
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    Key brain receptor gets an unusual regulator (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-12-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wickelgren, I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Nov 12;286(5443):1265-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10610528" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Astrocytes/*enzymology ; Brain/*enzymology ; Cloning, Molecular ; Glutamic Acid/metabolism ; Neurons/metabolism ; Racemases and Epimerases/*genetics/metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/metabolism ; Serine/*biosynthesis/metabolism ; Stereoisomerism ; Synapses/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 13
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    Uncontrolled release of harmful microorganisms (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-06-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Av-Gay, Y -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jun 4;284(5420):1621.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10383337" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bacteria/*genetics/pathogenicity ; *Biotechnology ; *Containment of Biohazards ; Ecosystem ; *Genetic Engineering ; Guidelines as Topic ; Humans ; United States ; Viruses/*genetics/pathogenicity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 14
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    Nutraceuticals (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-12-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Curry, M -- Hazard-Daniel, A -- Daniel, H J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Dec 3;286(5446):1854-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10610573" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Dietary Supplements/adverse effects ; Drug Prescriptions ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; *Legislation, Drug ; *Legislation, Food ; United States ; United States Food and Drug Administration
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 15
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    A cytotoxic ribonuclease targeting specific transfer RNA anticodons (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-03-26
    Description: The carboxyl-terminal domain of colicin E5 was shown to inhibit protein synthesis of Escherichia coli. Its target, as revealed through in vivo and in vitro experiments, was not ribosomes as in the case of E3, but the transfer RNAs (tRNAs) for Tyr, His, Asn, and Asp, which contain a modified base, queuine, at the wobble position of each anticodon. The E5 carboxyl-terminal domain hydrolyzed these tRNAs just on the 3' side of this nucleotide. Tight correlation was observed between the toxicity of E5 and the cleavage of intracellular tRNAs of this group, implying that these tRNAs are the primary targets of colicin E5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ogawa, T -- Tomita, K -- Ueda, T -- Watanabe, K -- Uozumi, T -- Masaki, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Mar 26;283(5410):2097-100.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Yayoi 1-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10092236" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anticodon/*metabolism ; Bacterial Proteins/biosynthesis/genetics/pharmacology ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Colicins/genetics/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Escherichia coli/drug effects/metabolism ; *Escherichia coli Proteins ; Guanine/analogs & derivatives/analysis ; Molecular Sequence Data ; RNA, Bacterial/chemistry/*metabolism ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/metabolism ; RNA, Transfer, Amino Acid-Specific/chemistry/*metabolism ; RNA, Transfer, Asn/chemistry/metabolism ; RNA, Transfer, Asp/chemistry/metabolism ; RNA, Transfer, His/chemistry/metabolism ; RNA, Transfer, Tyr/chemistry/metabolism ; Ribonucleases/genetics/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Ribosomes/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 16
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    Paracellular channels! (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-07-31
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wong, V -- Goodenough, D A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jul 2;285(5424):62.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10428705" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Calcium Channels/metabolism ; Cell Membrane/metabolism/ultrastructure ; Claudins ; Cloning, Molecular ; Humans ; Ion Channels ; Ion Transport ; Kidney Diseases/genetics/*metabolism ; Kidney Tubules/*metabolism/ultrastructure ; Lipid Bilayers/metabolism ; Magnesium/blood/*metabolism ; Magnesium Deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Membrane Proteins/genetics/*physiology ; Mutation ; Tight Junctions/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 17
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    CD3- and CD28-dependent induction of PDE7 required for T cell activation (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-02-05
    Description: Costimulation of both the CD3 and CD28 receptors is essential for T cell activation. Induction of adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP)-specific phosphodiesterase-7 (PDE7) was found to be a consequence of such costimulation. Increased PDE7 in T cells correlated with decreased cAMP, increased interleukin-2 expression, and increased proliferation. Selectively reducing PDE7 expression with a PDE7 antisense oligonucleotide inhibited T cell proliferation; inhibition was reversed by blocking the cAMP signaling pathways that operate through cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA). Thus, PDE7 induction and consequent suppression of PKA activity is required for T cell activation, and inhibition of PDE7 could be an approach to treating T cell-dependent disorders.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Li, L -- Yee, C -- Beavo, J A -- DK21723/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Feb 5;283(5403):848-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pharmacology and Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Box 357280, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9933169" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases/*biosynthesis/genetics/metabolism ; Antibodies ; Antigens, CD28/immunology/*physiology ; Antigens, CD3/immunology/*physiology ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/enzymology/immunology ; Cells, Cultured ; Cyclic AMP/metabolism ; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 7 ; Enzyme Induction ; Humans ; Interleukin-2/biosynthesis ; Isoenzymes/*biosynthesis/genetics/metabolism ; *Lymphocyte Activation ; Oligonucleotides, Antisense/pharmacology ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; T-Lymphocytes/*enzymology/*immunology/metabolism ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 18
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    An activating immunoreceptor complex formed by NKG2D and DAP10 (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-07-31
    Description: Many immune receptors are composed of separate ligand-binding and signal-transducing subunits. In natural killer (NK) and T cells, DAP10 was identified as a cell surface adaptor protein in an activating receptor complex with NKG2D, a receptor for the stress-inducible and tumor-associated major histocompatibility complex molecule MICA. Within the DAP10 cytoplasmic domain, an Src homology 2 (SH2) domain-binding site was capable of recruiting the p85 subunit of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase), providing for NKG2D-dependent signal transduction. Thus, NKG2D-DAP10 receptor complexes may activate NK and T cell responses against MICA-bearing tumors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wu, J -- Song, Y -- Bakker, A B -- Bauer, S -- Spies, T -- Lanier, L L -- Phillips, J H -- AI30581/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jul 30;285(5428):730-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉DNAX Research Institute, 901 California Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10426994" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Binding Sites ; Cell Line ; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic ; Humans ; Killer Cells, Natural/*immunology/metabolism ; Ligands ; *Lymphocyte Activation ; Membrane Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily K ; Neoplasms/immunology ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Phosphotyrosine/metabolism ; Receptors, Immunologic/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Receptors, Natural Killer Cell ; Signal Transduction ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology/metabolism ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; src Homology Domains
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 19
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    Antiangiogenic activity of the cleaved conformation of the serpin antithrombin (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-09-18
    Description: Antithrombin, a member of the serpin family, functions as an inhibitor of thrombin and other enzymes. Cleavage of the carboxyl-terminal loop of antithrombin induces a conformational change in the molecule. Here it is shown that the cleaved conformation of antithrombin has potent antiangiogenic and antitumor activity in mouse models. The latent form of intact antithrombin, which is similar in conformation to the cleaved molecule, also inhibited angiogenesis and tumor growth. These data provide further evidence that the clotting and fibrinolytic pathways are directly involved in the regulation of angiogenesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉O'Reilly, M S -- Pirie-Shepherd, S -- Lane, W S -- Folkman, J -- P01-CA45548/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01-CA64481/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Sep 17;285(5435):1926-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital, Departments of Surgery and Cellular Biology, Harvard Microchemistry Facility, 16 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. oreilly@hub.tch.harvard.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10489375" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry/isolation & purification/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Antithrombins/chemistry/isolation & purification/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Carcinoma, Small Cell/blood supply/drug therapy ; Cell Line ; Culture Media, Conditioned ; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/blood supply/drug therapy ; Mice ; Mice, SCID ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Neovascularization, Pathologic/*drug therapy ; Peptide Fragments/chemistry/metabolism/pharmacology ; Protein Conformation ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
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    NIH scientist to head IVI institute in Korea (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-05-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Baker, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Apr 16;284(5413):410.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10232978" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Academies and Institutes/*organization & administration ; Developing Countries ; History, 20th Century ; *Immunization Programs ; Korea ; United Nations ; United States ; *Vaccines ; World Health Organization
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    Efficient persistence of extrachromosomal KSHV DNA mediated by latency-associated nuclear antigen (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-04-24
    Description: Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) cells harbor Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) episomes and express a KSHV-encoded latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA). In PEL cells, LANA and KSHV DNA colocalized in dots in interphase nuclei and along mitotic chromosomes. In the absence of KSHV DNA, LANA was diffusely distributed in the nucleus or on mitotic chromosomes. In lymphoblasts, LANA was necessary and sufficient for the persistence of episomes containing a specific KSHV DNA fragment. Furthermore, LANA colocalized with the artificial KSHV DNA episomes in nuclei and along mitotic chromosomes. These results support a model in which LANA tethers KSHV DNA to chromosomes during mitosis to enable the efficient segregation of KSHV episomes to progeny cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ballestas, M E -- Chatis, P A -- Kaye, K M -- CA67380-04/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Apr 23;284(5414):641-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medicine, Channing Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10213686" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antigens, Viral/analysis/genetics/metabolism ; Cell Nucleus/chemistry ; Chromosomes/chemistry/*metabolism ; Cosmids ; DNA, Viral/analysis/genetics/*metabolism ; Herpesvirus 8, Human/*genetics/physiology ; Humans ; Interphase ; Lymphocytes/chemistry ; Microscopy, Confocal ; *Mitosis ; Nuclear Proteins/analysis/genetics/*metabolism ; *Plasmids ; Transfection ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Pigment epithelium-derived factor: a potent inhibitor of angiogenesis (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-07-10
    Description: In the absence of disease, the vasculature of the mammalian eye is quiescent, in part because of the action of angiogenic inhibitors that prevent vessels from invading the cornea and vitreous. Here, an inhibitor responsible for the avascularity of these ocular compartments is identified as pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), a protein previously shown to have neurotrophic activity. The amount of inhibitory PEDF produced by retinal cells was positively correlated with oxygen concentrations, suggesting that its loss plays a permissive role in ischemia-driven retinal neovascularization. These results suggest that PEDF may be of therapeutic use, especially in retinopathies where pathological neovascularization compromises vision and leads to blindness.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dawson, D W -- Volpert, O V -- Gillis, P -- Crawford, S E -- Xu, H -- Benedict, W -- Bouck, N P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jul 9;285(5425):245-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Department of Pathology, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10398599" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Antibodies/immunology ; Cattle ; Cells, Cultured ; Chemotaxis/drug effects ; Culture Media, Conditioned ; Endothelial Growth Factors/metabolism ; Endothelium, Vascular/cytology/drug effects/physiology ; Eye/blood supply ; *Eye Proteins ; Humans ; Lymphokines/metabolism ; Mice ; Neovascularization, Pathologic/*drug therapy/metabolism/pathology ; Neovascularization, Physiologic/*drug effects ; *Nerve Growth Factors ; Oxygen/physiology ; Proteins/genetics/immunology/*pharmacology/*physiology ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; Rats ; Retina/*metabolism/pathology ; Retinal Neovascularization/*drug therapy ; Retinal Vessels/growth & development ; Serpins/genetics/immunology/*pharmacology/*physiology ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
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    Plant paralog to viral movement protein that potentiates transport of mRNA into the phloem (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-01-05
    Description: CmPP16 from Cucurbita maxima was cloned and the protein was shown to possess properties similar to those of viral movement proteins. CmPP16 messenger RNA (mRNA) is present in phloem tissue, whereas protein appears confined to sieve elements (SE). Microinjection and grafting studies revealed that CmPP16 moves from cell to cell, mediates the transport of sense and antisense RNA, and moves together with its mRNA into the SE of scion tissue. CmPP16 possesses the characteristics that are likely required to mediate RNA delivery into the long-distance translocation stream. Thus, RNA may move within the phloem as a component of a plant information superhighway.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Xoconostle-Cazares, B -- Xiang, Y -- Ruiz-Medrano, R -- Wang, H L -- Monzer, J -- Yoo, B C -- McFarland, K C -- Franceschi, V R -- Lucas, W J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jan 1;283(5398):94-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Section of Plant Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9872750" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Biological Transport ; Cloning, Molecular ; Cucumis sativus ; Cucurbitaceae/genetics/*metabolism ; Microinjections ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Plant Leaves/metabolism ; Plant Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Plant Roots/metabolism ; Plant Stems/metabolism ; Plant Viral Movement Proteins ; RNA, Antisense/metabolism ; RNA, Messenger/*metabolism ; RNA, Plant/*metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Signal Transduction ; Viral Proteins/chemistry/metabolism
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    The courts--a challenge to health technology assessment (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-07-31
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hemminki, E -- Hailey, D -- Koivusalo, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jul 9;285(5425):203-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health, Helsinki, Finland. elina.hemminki@stakes.fi〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10428717" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anticholesteremic Agents/therapeutic use ; Canada ; Commerce ; Contraceptive Agents, Female ; Drug Approval ; Finland ; International Cooperation ; Jurisprudence ; Levonorgestrel ; Publishing ; Technology Assessment, Biomedical/*legislation & jurisprudence ; United States
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    Paracellin-1, a renal tight junction protein required for paracellular Mg2+ resorption (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-07-03
    Description: Epithelia permit selective and regulated flux from apical to basolateral surfaces by transcellular passage through cells or paracellular flux between cells. Tight junctions constitute the barrier to paracellular conductance; however, little is known about the specific molecules that mediate paracellular permeabilities. Renal magnesium ion (Mg2+) resorption occurs predominantly through a paracellular conductance in the thick ascending limb of Henle (TAL). Here, positional cloning has identified a human gene, paracellin-1 (PCLN-1), mutations in which cause renal Mg2+ wasting. PCLN-1 is located in tight junctions of the TAL and is related to the claudin family of tight junction proteins. These findings provide insight into Mg2+ homeostasis, demonstrate the role of a tight junction protein in human disease, and identify an essential component of a selective paracellular conductance.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Simon, D B -- Lu, Y -- Choate, K A -- Velazquez, H -- Al-Sabban, E -- Praga, M -- Casari, G -- Bettinelli, A -- Colussi, G -- Rodriguez-Soriano, J -- McCredie, D -- Milford, D -- Sanjad, S -- Lifton, R P -- F.1/Telethon/Italy -- R01DK51696/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- TGM06S01/Telethon/Italy -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jul 2;285(5424):103-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10390358" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Calcium/urine ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3/genetics ; Claudins ; Cloning, Molecular ; Female ; Genes, Recessive ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Kidney Diseases/*genetics/metabolism ; Kidney Tubules/chemistry ; Loop of Henle/chemistry/*metabolism ; Magnesium/blood/*metabolism ; Magnesium Deficiency/*genetics/metabolism ; Male ; Membrane Proteins/analysis/chemistry/genetics/*physiology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Pedigree ; Physical Chromosome Mapping ; Tight Junctions/*metabolism
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    The looming threat of bioterrorism (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-02-26
    Description: Biological weapons have recently attracted the attention and the resources of the nation. Discerning the nature of the threat of bioweapons as well as appropriate responses to them requires greater attention to the biological characteristics of these instruments of war and terror. The dominant paradigm of a weapon as a nuclear device that explodes or a chemical cloud that is set adrift leaves us ill-equipped conceptually and practically to assess and thus to prevent the potentially devastating effects of bioterrorism. Strengthening the public health and infectious disease infrastructure is an effective step toward averting the suffering that could be wrought by a terrorist's use of a biological agent.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Henderson, D A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Feb 26;283(5406):1279-82.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Johns Hopkins Center for Civilian Biodefense Studies, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Suite 850, Candler Building, 111 Market Place, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10037590" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anthrax/epidemiology/prevention & control/therapy/transmission ; *Biological Warfare/prevention & control ; Disaster Planning ; Disease Outbreaks ; Humans ; *Public Health ; Smallpox/epidemiology/prevention & control/therapy/transmission ; United States ; Vaccination ; *Violence/prevention & control
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    Threat to U.S. mouse colonies (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-06-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lipman, N S -- Nguyen, H -- Perkins, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 May 14;284(5417):1123.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10366341" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Laboratory/virology ; Blood/*virology ; China ; *Ectromelia virus ; Ectromelia, Infectious/epidemiology/*transmission ; Mice/*virology ; Rodent Diseases/epidemiology/*transmission ; United States
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    Effects of medical research on health care and economy (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-01-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pardes, H -- Manton, K G -- Lander, E S -- Tolley, H D -- Ullian, A D -- Palmer, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jan 1;283(5398):36-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Faculty of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA. hp2@columbia.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9917262" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aged ; *Biotechnology/economics ; *Delivery of Health Care ; Disabled Persons ; Drug Industry ; *Economics, Medical ; *Health Care Costs ; Health Status ; Humans ; Longevity ; *Research ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Scientific cross-claims fly in continuing beef war (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-06-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Balter, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 May 28;284(5419):1453, 1455.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10383320" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animal Husbandry ; Animals ; Carcinogens/*analysis ; Cattle ; Drug Residues/adverse effects/*analysis ; Estradiol/adverse effects/*analysis ; European Union ; *Food Contamination ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones/adverse effects/*analysis ; Humans ; Meat/adverse effects/*analysis ; Mutagens/analysis ; Neoplasms/chemically induced ; United States ; United States Food and Drug Administration
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    Structure of the VHL-ElonginC-ElonginB complex: implications for VHL tumor suppressor function (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-04-16
    Description: Mutation of the VHL tumor suppressor is associated with the inherited von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) cancer syndrome and the majority of kidney cancers. VHL binds the ElonginC-ElonginB complex and regulates levels of hypoxia-inducible proteins. The structure of the ternary complex at 2.7 angstrom resolution shows two interfaces, one between VHL and ElonginC and another between ElonginC and ElonginB. Tumorigenic mutations frequently occur in a 35-residue domain of VHL responsible for ElonginC binding. A mutational patch on a separate domain of VHL indicates a second macromolecular binding site. The structure extends the similarities to the SCF (Skp1-Cul1-F-box protein) complex that targets proteins for degradation, supporting the hypothesis that VHL may function in an analogous pathway.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stebbins, C E -- Kaelin, W G Jr -- Pavletich, N P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Apr 16;284(5413):455-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10205047" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Binding Sites ; Cell Cycle Proteins/chemistry/metabolism ; Cloning, Molecular ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; *Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Humans ; Hydrogen Bonding ; *Ligases ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Mutation, Missense ; Neoplasms/genetics ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Folding ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Proteins/*chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; S-Phase Kinase-Associated Proteins ; Surface Properties ; Transcription Factors/*chemistry/metabolism ; *Tumor Suppressor Proteins ; *Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases ; Von Hippel-Lindau Tumor Suppressor Protein ; von Hippel-Lindau Disease/*genetics
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    Space-grown neuraminidase crystals (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-06-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉DeLucas, L J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jun 4;284(5420):1621.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10383336" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cryopreservation ; Crystallization ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Drug Design ; Drug Industry ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; Neuraminidase/antagonists & inhibitors/*chemistry ; *Spacecraft ; United States ; United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration ; *Weightlessness
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    Control of circadian rhythms and photoperiodic flowering by the Arabidopsis GIGANTEA gene (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-09-08
    Description: Photoperiodic responses in plants include flowering that is day-length-dependent. Mutations in the Arabidopsis thaliana GIGANTEA (GI) gene cause photoperiod-insensitive flowering and alteration of circadian rhythms. The GI gene encodes a protein containing six putative transmembrane domains. Circadian expression patterns of the GI gene and the clock-associated genes, LHY and CCA1, are altered in gi mutants, showing that GI is required for maintaining circadian amplitude and appropriate period length of these genes. The gi-1 mutation also affects light signaling to the clock, which suggests that GI participates in a feedback loop of the plant circadian system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Park, D H -- Somers, D E -- Kim, Y S -- Choy, Y H -- Lim, H K -- Soh, M S -- Kim, H J -- Kay, S A -- Nam, H G -- GM56006/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Sep 3;285(5433):1579-82.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Life Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Kyungbuk, 790-784, Korea.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10477524" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arabidopsis/*genetics/*physiology ; *Arabidopsis Proteins ; *Circadian Rhythm ; Cloning, Molecular ; Crosses, Genetic ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics ; Darkness ; Feedback ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; *Genes, Plant ; Light ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Photoperiod ; Plant Leaves/physiology ; Plant Proteins/chemistry/*genetics/physiology ; Plant Structures/physiology ; Sequence Deletion ; Transcription Factors/genetics
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    Replication of subgenomic hepatitis C virus RNAs in a hepatoma cell line (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-07-03
    Description: An estimated 170 million persons worldwide are infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV), a major cause of chronic liver disease. Despite increasing knowledge of genome structure and individual viral proteins, studies on virus replication and pathogenesis have been hampered by the lack of reliable and efficient cell culture systems. A full-length consensus genome was cloned from viral RNA isolated from an infected human liver and used to construct subgenomic selectable replicons. Upon transfection into a human hepatoma cell line, these RNAs were found to replicate to high levels, permitting metabolic radiolabeling of viral RNA and proteins. This work defines the structure of HCV replicons functional in cell culture and provides the basis for a long-sought cellular system that should allow detailed molecular studies of HCV and the development of antiviral drugs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lohmann, V -- Korner, F -- Koch, J -- Herian, U -- Theilmann, L -- Bartenschlager, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jul 2;285(5424):110-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute for Virology, Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz, Obere Zahlbacher Strasse 67, 55131 Mainz, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10390360" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Cloning, Molecular ; Drug Resistance ; *Genome, Viral ; Gentamicins/pharmacology ; Hepacivirus/genetics/*physiology ; Hepatitis C/virology ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; RNA, Viral/*biosynthesis/genetics ; *Replicon ; Transfection ; Tumor Cells, Cultured/*virology ; Viral Nonstructural Proteins/analysis/genetics ; Virus Cultivation ; *Virus Replication
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Redesigning evolution? (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-09-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lovins, A B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Sep 3;285(5433):1489-91; author reply 1492.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10498532" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agriculture/*methods ; Crops, Agricultural/*genetics ; Directed Molecular Evolution ; *Food ; *Plants, Genetically Modified ; United States ; United States Department of Agriculture ; United States Environmental Protection Agency ; United States Food and Drug Administration
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    The mammalian gene collection (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-10-16
    Description: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) project is a new effort by the NIH to generate full-length complementary DNA (cDNA) resources. This project will provide publicly accessible resources to the full research community. The MGC project entails the production of libraries, sequencing, and database and repository development, as well as the support of library construction, sequencing, and analytic technologies dedicated to the goal of obtaining a full set of human and other mammalian full-length (open reading frame) sequences and clones of expressed genes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Strausberg, R L -- Feingold, E A -- Klausner, R D -- Collins, F S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Oct 15;286(5439):455-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉National Cancer Institute, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10521335" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Computational Biology ; DNA, Complementary ; Databases, Factual ; Expressed Sequence Tags ; *Gene Library ; *Genome ; *Genome, Human ; Humans ; Mammals/*genetics ; Mice ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Private Sector ; Public Sector ; *Sequence Analysis, DNA ; United States
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    AIDS researchers blast NIH peer review plan (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-10-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Sep 24;285(5436):2047.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10523193" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*organization & administration ; *Peer Review, Research ; *Research ; United States
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    Biotech patents. Genentech, UC settle suit for $200 million (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-12-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barinaga, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Nov 26;286(5445):1655.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10610555" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biotechnology/*legislation & jurisprudence ; California ; Cloning, Molecular ; *Human Growth Hormone/genetics ; *Patents as Topic ; Universities/*legislation & jurisprudence
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Just a minute, please (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-07-31
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bloom, F E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jul 9;285(5425):197.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10428715" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Costs and Cost Analysis ; *Internet ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Peer Review, Research ; Periodicals as Topic ; *Publishing/economics ; Research Support as Topic ; Societies, Scientific/economics ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Tuskegee as a metaphor (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-07-31
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bowman, J E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jul 2;285(5424):47; author reply 49-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10428699" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: African Americans/*history ; Alabama ; Ethics Committees, Research ; Ethics, Medical/*history ; History, 20th Century ; Human Experimentation/*history ; Humans ; Metaphor ; *Persons ; Pregnant Women ; Syphilis/*history ; United States ; United States Public Health Service ; *Vulnerable Populations ; Withholding Treatment
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 40
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    Tuskegee as a metaphor (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-07-31
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lurie, P -- Wolfe, S M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jul 2;285(5424):47-8; author reply 49-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10428701" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use ; *Clinical Trials as Topic ; *Ethics, Medical ; HIV Infections/prevention & control/transmission ; *Human Experimentation ; Humans ; Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical ; Metaphor ; Needle-Exchange Programs ; Syphilis ; United States ; United States Public Health Service ; Zidovudine/therapeutic use
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 41
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    Signaling of cell fate decisions by CLAVATA3 in Arabidopsis shoot meristems (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-03-19
    Description: In higher plants, organogenesis occurs continuously from self-renewing apical meristems. Arabidopsis thaliana plants with loss-of-function mutations in the CLAVATA (CLV1, 2, and 3) genes have enlarged meristems and generate extra floral organs. Genetic analysis indicates that CLV1, which encodes a receptor kinase, acts with CLV3 to control the balance between meristem cell proliferation and differentiation. CLV3 encodes a small, predicted extracellular protein. CLV3 acts nonautonomously in meristems and is expressed at the meristem surface overlying the CLV1 domain. These proteins may act as a ligand-receptor pair in a signal transduction pathway, coordinating growth between adjacent meristematic regions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fletcher, J C -- Brand, U -- Running, M P -- Simon, R -- Meyerowitz, E M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Mar 19;283(5409):1911-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10082464" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Arabidopsis/*cytology/genetics/growth & development/metabolism ; *Arabidopsis Proteins ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Division ; Cloning, Molecular ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Genes, Plant ; In Situ Hybridization ; Ligands ; Meristem/*cytology/growth & development/metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Phenotype ; Plant Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Plant Shoots/cytology ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; RNA, Plant/genetics/metabolism ; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/genetics/metabolism ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; *Signal Transduction
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    A nucleoside transporter from Trypanosoma brucei involved in drug resistance (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-07-10
    Description: Drug resistance of pathogens is an increasing problem whose underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Cellular uptake of the major drugs against Trypanosoma brucei spp., the causative agents of sleeping sickness, is thought to occur through an unusual, so far unidentified adenosine transporter. Saccharomyces cerevisiae was used in a functional screen to clone a gene (TbAT1) from Trypanosoma brucei brucei that encodes a nucleoside transporter. When expressed in yeast, TbAT1 enabled adenosine uptake and conferred susceptibility to melaminophenyl arsenicals. Drug-resistant trypanosomes harbor a defective TbAT1 variant. The molecular identification of the entry route of trypanocides opens the way to approaches for diagnosis and treatment of drug-resistant sleeping sickness.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maser, P -- Sutterlin, C -- Kralli, A -- Kaminsky, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jul 9;285(5425):242-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Swiss Tropical Institute, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland. Biozentrum, University of Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10398598" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine/*metabolism ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Arsenicals/metabolism/pharmacology ; Biological Transport ; Carrier Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Cloning, Molecular ; Drug Resistance/genetics ; Genes, Protozoan ; Membrane Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Nucleoside Transport Proteins ; Nucleosides/metabolism ; Purines/metabolism/pharmacology ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics ; Substrate Specificity ; Trypanocidal Agents/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Trypanosoma brucei brucei/*drug effects/genetics/*metabolism ; Trypanosomiasis, African/drug therapy/parasitology
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    A cyclic antimicrobial peptide produced in primate leukocytes by the ligation of two truncated alpha-defensins (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-10-16
    Description: Analysis of rhesus macaque leukocytes disclosed the presence of an 18-residue macrocyclic, tridisulfide antibiotic peptide in granules of neutrophils and monocytes. The peptide, termed rhesus theta defensin-1 (RTD-1), is microbicidal for bacteria and fungi at low micromolar concentrations. Antibacterial activity of the cyclic peptide was threefold greater than that of an open-chain analog, and the cyclic conformation was required for antimicrobial activity in the presence of 150 millimolar sodium chloride. Biosynthesis of RTD-1 involves the head-to-tail ligation of two alpha-defensin-related nonapeptides, requiring the formation of two new peptide bonds. Thus, host defense cells possess mechanisms for synthesis and granular packaging of macrocyclic antibiotic peptides that are components of the phagocyte antimicrobial armamentarium.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tang, Y Q -- Yuan, J -- Osapay, G -- Osapay, K -- Tran, D -- Miller, C J -- Ouellette, A J -- Selsted, M E -- AI22931/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- DK33506/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK44632/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Oct 15;286(5439):498-502.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10521339" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Anti-Infective Agents/chemistry/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Bacteria/drug effects ; Cloning, Molecular ; Defensins ; Disulfides/chemistry ; Fungi/drug effects ; Humans ; Leukopoiesis ; Macaca mulatta ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Monocytes/*metabolism ; Neutrophils/*metabolism ; Oligopeptides/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Osmolar Concentration ; Peptides, Cyclic/*biosynthesis/chemistry/genetics/pharmacology ; *Protein Biosynthesis ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Precursors/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational ; Proteins/chemistry/genetics/pharmacology
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    Assessing the decade of the brain (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-05-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jones, E G -- Mendell, L M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Apr 30;284(5415):739.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10336393" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Brain ; Humans ; *Neurosciences/economics/manpower ; *Research ; Research Support as Topic ; United States
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    Senate tops house panel in raising NIH's budget (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-10-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Malakoff, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Oct 1;286(5437):19, 21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10532880" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Budgets ; Financing, Government ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*economics ; Politics ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Library-society alliance puts bio journals online (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-07-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Malakoff, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jun 25;284(5423):2063, 2065.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10409055" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biological Science Disciplines ; Costs and Cost Analysis ; *Internet ; *Libraries ; *Periodicals as Topic/economics ; *Publishing/economics ; *Societies, Scientific/economics ; United States
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    Misconduct. Fraud finding triggers payback demand (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-09-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barinaga, M -- Kaiser, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Aug 20;285(5431):1189-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10484725" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: California ; Electromagnetic Fields/adverse effects ; Financing, Government ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/economics ; *Research Support as Topic ; *Scientific Misconduct ; United States ; *Universities/economics
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    NIH urged to fund centers to merge computing and biology (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-07-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Malakoff, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jun 11;284(5421):1742.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10391783" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Academies and Institutes ; Budgets ; *Computational Biology/economics/manpower ; *Databases, Factual ; Financing, Government ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*economics ; *Research Support as Topic ; Software ; United States ; Universities
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    NRC pulled into radiation risk brawl (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-07-31
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jul 9;285(5425):177-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10428707" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; Maximum Allowable Concentration ; *National Academy of Sciences (U.S.) ; Public Policy ; *Radiation Dosage ; Radiation Injuries/*etiology ; *Radiation, Ionizing ; United States
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    Science over politics (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-04-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lanza, R P -- Arrow, K J -- Axelrod, J -- Baltimore, D -- Benacerraf, B -- Bloch, K E -- Bloembergen, N -- Brown, H C -- Brown, M S -- Cibelli, J B -- Cohen, S -- Cooper, L N -- Corey, E J -- Dulbecco, R -- Fischer, E H -- Fitch, V L -- Friedmen, M -- Friedman, M -- Furchgott, R F -- Gell-Mann, M -- Glaser, D A -- Glashow, S L -- Gilbert, W -- Goldstein, J L -- Wilson, R W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Mar 19;283(5409):1849-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10206888" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Bioethics ; Biomedical Research ; *Embryo Research ; Embryo, Mammalian/*cytology ; Federal Government ; Government Regulation ; Humans ; Politics ; Research/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Research Support as Topic/legislation & jurisprudence ; *Risk Assessment ; *Stem Cells ; United States ; United States Dept. of Health and Human Services
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Research lab to surrender chimps (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-10-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lasley, E N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Sep 10;285(5434):1649-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10523176" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Animal Experimentation ; *Animal Welfare ; Animals ; *Animals, Laboratory ; Federal Government ; Government Regulation ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; New Mexico ; *Pan troglodytes ; Research ; United States ; United States Department of Agriculture
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Morphological clues from multilegged frogs: are retinoids to blame? (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-04-30
    Description: Morphological analysis was performed on multilegged deformed frogs representing five species from 12 different localities in California, Oregon, Arizona, and New York. The pattern of duplicated limbs was consistent with mechanical perturbation by trematode infestation but not with the effects of retinoids.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sessions, S K -- Franssen, R A -- Horner, V L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Apr 30;284(5415):800-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, Hartwick College, Oneonta, NY 13820, USA. sessionss@hartwick.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10221911" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anura/*abnormalities/*parasitology ; Forelimb/*abnormalities ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental/drug effects ; Hindlimb/*abnormalities/parasitology ; Limb Buds/drug effects/metabolism ; Ranidae/abnormalities/parasitology ; Trematode Infections/parasitology/*veterinary ; Tretinoin/*toxicity ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Dynamic control of CaMKII translocation and localization in hippocampal neurons by NMDA receptor stimulation (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-04-02
    Description: Calcium-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is thought to increase synaptic strength by phosphorylating postsynaptic density (PSD) ion channels and signaling proteins. It is shown that N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor stimulation reversibly translocates green fluorescent protein-tagged CaMKII from an F-actin-bound to a PSD-bound state. The translocation time was controlled by the ratio of expressed beta-CaMKII to alpha-CaMKII isoforms. Although F-actin dissociation into the cytosol required autophosphorylation of or calcium-calmodulin binding to beta-CaMKII, PSD translocation required binding of calcium-calmodulin to either the alpha- or beta-CaMKII subunits. Autophosphorylation of CaMKII indirectly prolongs its PSD localization by increasing the calmodulin-binding affinity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shen, K -- Meyer, T -- GM-48113/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Apr 2;284(5411):162-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cell Biology and Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Box 3709, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10102820" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Actins/metabolism ; Animals ; Calcium/pharmacology ; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2 ; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases/*metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytosol/metabolism ; Dendrites/*enzymology ; Electric Stimulation ; Glutamic Acid/pharmacology ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; Hippocampus/cytology/*enzymology ; Isoenzymes/metabolism ; Luminescent Proteins ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/analysis ; Neurons/*enzymology ; Phosphorylation ; Rats ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/*metabolism ; Synapses/*enzymology ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Alternatives to animals urged for producing antibodies (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-05-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Malakoff, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Apr 9;284(5412):230.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10232965" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Animal Experimentation ; *Animal Rights ; *Animal Testing Alternatives ; Animals ; Animals, Laboratory/immunology ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/*biosynthesis ; Ascites ; Culture Techniques ; Federal Government ; Government Regulation ; Hybridomas ; Internationality ; *Mice/immunology ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/legislation & jurisprudence ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Xyloglucan fucosyltransferase, an enzyme involved in plant cell wall biosynthesis (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-06-18
    Description: Cell walls are crucial for development, signal transduction, and disease resistance in plants. Cell walls are made of cellulose, hemicelluloses, and pectins. Xyloglucan (XG), the principal load-bearing hemicellulose of dicotyledonous plants, has a terminal fucosyl residue. A 60-kilodalton fucosyltransferase (FTase) that adds this residue was purified from pea epicotyls. Peptide sequence information from the pea FTase allowed the cloning of a homologous gene, AtFT1, from Arabidopsis. Antibodies raised against recombinant AtFTase immunoprecipitate FTase enzyme activity from solubilized Arabidopsis membrane proteins, and AtFT1 expressed in mammalian COS cells results in the presence of XG FTase activity in these cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Perrin, R M -- DeRocher, A E -- Bar-Peled, M -- Zeng, W -- Norambuena, L -- Orellana, A -- Raikhel, N V -- Keegstra, K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jun 18;284(5422):1976-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Michigan State University-Department of Energy (MSU-DOE) Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10373113" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Arabidopsis/*enzymology/genetics ; COS Cells ; Carbohydrate Conformation ; Cell Wall/*metabolism ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Complementary ; Expressed Sequence Tags ; Fucosyltransferases/chemistry/genetics/isolation & purification/*metabolism ; Genes, Plant ; *Glucans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Peas/*enzymology ; Polysaccharides/*biosynthesis/chemistry ; *Xylans
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    NIH proposes rules for materials exchange (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-06-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Enserink, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 May 28;284(5419):1445.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10383318" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Financing, Government ; Intellectual Property ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Publishing ; Research Support as Topic ; *Technology Transfer ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Physician-scientists: staying alive (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-05-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Perpich, J G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Apr 23;284(5414):591-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10328741" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Academies and Institutes ; *Education, Graduate ; Education, Medical, Graduate ; Fellowships and Scholarships ; *Physicians ; *Research ; *Research Personnel ; Research Support as Topic ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    PNAS to joint PubMed Central--on condition (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-11-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Oct 22;286(5440):655-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10577213" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Internet ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Peer Review, Research ; Periodicals as Topic ; *Publishing ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    BRCA1 inhibition of estrogen receptor signaling in transfected cells (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-05-21
    Description: Mutations of the breast cancer susceptibility gene BRCA1 confer increased risk for breast, ovarian, and prostatic cancers, but it is not clear why the mutations are associated with these particular tumor types. In transient transfection assays, BRCA1 was found to inhibit signaling by the ligand-activated estrogen receptor (ER-alpha) through the estrogen-responsive enhancer element and to block the transcriptional activation function AF-2 of ER-alpha. These results raise the possibility that wild-type BRCA1 suppresses estrogen-dependent transcriptional pathways related to mammary epithelial cell proliferation and that loss of this ability contributes to tumorigenesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fan, S -- Wang, J -- Yuan, R -- Ma, Y -- Meng, Q -- Erdos, M R -- Pestell, R G -- Yuan, F -- Auborn, K J -- Goldberg, I D -- Rosen, E M -- R01-CA75503/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01-ES09169/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 May 21;284(5418):1354-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Radiation Oncology, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, The Long Island Campus for the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 270-05 76th Avenue, New Hyde Park, NY 11040, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10334989" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: BRCA1 Protein/*physiology ; Breast/cytology ; Breast Neoplasms/etiology ; Cell Division ; Enhancer Elements, Genetic ; Epithelial Cells/cytology ; Estradiol/metabolism ; Estrogen Receptor alpha ; Female ; Genes, BRCA1 ; Genes, Reporter ; Humans ; Ligands ; Male ; Receptors, Estrogen/*metabolism ; *Signal Transduction ; Transcription Factors/metabolism ; *Transcriptional Activation ; Transfection ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
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    Biomedical group lobbies NIH (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-08-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jul 23;285(5427):519.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10447481" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: China ; *International Cooperation ; Lobbying ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Research ; Research Support as Topic ; United States
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    New online tools for scholars: 3 (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-11-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bloom, F E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Oct 22;286(5440):679.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10577220" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Databases, Factual ; *Internet ; Medline ; National Library of Medicine (U.S.) ; *Online Systems ; *Periodicals as Topic ; *Publishing ; Signal Transduction ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Scruples or squabbles? (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-09-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bloom, F E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Aug 20;285(5431):1207.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10484728" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Periodicals as Topic ; Publishing/*organization & administration ; *Societies, Medical ; *Societies, Scientific ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Shutdown of research at Duke sends a message (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-06-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 May 21;284(5418):1246.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10383299" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Academic Medical Centers/*standards ; Bioethics ; Clinical Trials as Topic/*standards ; Ethics Committees, Research ; Federal Government ; *Government Regulation ; Humans ; Informed Consent ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; North Carolina ; Professional Staff Committees ; Research/*standards ; Research Support as Topic ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    GM crops in the cross hairs (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-12-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ferber, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Nov 26;286(5445):1662-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10610557" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bacterial Proteins/genetics/toxicity ; *Bacterial Toxins ; *Biotechnology ; Butterflies/physiology ; Crops, Agricultural/adverse effects/*genetics ; Drug Resistance, Microbial/genetics ; Endotoxins/genetics/toxicity ; Food Hypersensitivity ; *Genetic Engineering ; Hemolysin Proteins ; Humans ; *Plants, Genetically Modified/adverse effects ; Pollen/genetics ; Public Opinion ; Risk Assessment ; United States ; United States Department of Agriculture ; United States Environmental Protection Agency ; United States Food and Drug Administration
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Legal fight over patents on life (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-07-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jun 25;284(5423):2067, 2069.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10409058" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Chimera ; *Embryo, Mammalian ; Humans ; Pan troglodytes ; *Patents as Topic ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Uses and abuses of Tuskegee (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-06-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fairchild, A L -- Bayer, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 May 7;284(5416):919-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Program in the History of Public Health and Medicine, Division of Sociomedical Sciences, The Joseph L. Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032-2625, USA. alf4@columbia.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10357678" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: African Americans/history ; Alabama ; Anonymous Testing ; Anti-HIV Agents/*therapeutic use ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Developing Countries ; Disclosure ; Ethics, Medical ; Female ; HIV Infections/prevention & control/*transmission ; *HIV Seroprevalence ; History, 20th Century ; *Human Experimentation/history ; Humans ; Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical/*prevention & control ; Informed Consent/history ; Male ; *Needle-Exchange Programs ; *Persons ; Pregnant Women ; Syphilis/history ; *Trust ; United States ; *Vulnerable Populations ; Withholding Treatment
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    Varmus defends E-biomed proposal, prepares to push ahead (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-07-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jun 25;284(5423):2062-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10409054" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Costs and Cost Analysis ; Europe ; Financing, Government ; History, 20th Century ; *Internet ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Peer Review, Research ; *Periodicals as Topic ; *Publishing/economics ; Societies, Scientific ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Policy forum: health care delivery. Building populations genetics resources using the U.K. NHS (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-05-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fears, R -- Poste, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Apr 9;284(5412):267-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉SmithKline Beecham, New Frontiers Science Park, Harlow, Essex CM19 5AW, UK. robin_b_fears@sbphrd.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10232974" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bioethics ; Confidentiality ; Databases, Factual ; *Databases, Nucleic Acid ; *Delivery of Health Care ; *Genetic Privacy ; *Genetic Research ; *Genetics, Medical ; *Genetics, Population ; Great Britain ; Humans ; Informed Consent ; Medical Informatics ; Medical Records Systems, Computerized ; Private Sector ; Public Sector ; *Research ; Research Subjects ; *Resource Allocation ; Social Control, Formal ; *State Medicine/organization & administration ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Drug firms to create public database of genetic mutations (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-05-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Apr 16;284(5413):406-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10232976" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chromosome Mapping ; *Databases, Factual ; *Drug Industry ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; *Genome, Human ; Humans ; *Information Dissemination ; *Mutation ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Polymorphism, Genetic ; Private Sector ; Public Sector ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Narcolepsy genes wake up the sleep field (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-10-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Takahashi, J S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Sep 24;285(5436):2076-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Neurobiology and Physiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208-3520, USA. j-takahashi@nwu.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10523205" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chromosome Mapping ; Circadian Rhythm ; Cloning, Molecular ; Dogs ; Homeostasis ; Hypothalamus/metabolism ; Ligands ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Narcolepsy/*genetics/physiopathology ; Neurons/metabolism ; Neuropeptides/metabolism ; Orexin Receptors ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled ; Receptors, Neuropeptide/chemistry/*genetics/physiology ; *Sleep/physiology ; Sleep, REM
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    Bioterror defense initiative injects shot of cash (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-03-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Feb 26;283(5406):1234-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10084920" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anthrax/prevention & control/therapy ; *Biological Warfare/prevention & control ; *Financing, Government ; Government Agencies/economics ; Humans ; Military Medicine/economics ; *Public Health/economics ; Research Support as Topic ; Smallpox/prevention & control/therapy ; United States ; United States Public Health Service/economics ; *Violence/prevention & control
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    A threat to biomedical research (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-10-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Martin, J B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Sep 10;285(5434):1671.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10523179" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Academic Medical Centers/*economics ; Budgets ; Hospitals, Teaching/economics ; Managed Care Programs ; Medical Indigency ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Research ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 73
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    Inhibitors of the nonmevalonate pathway of isoprenoid biosynthesis as antimalarial drugs (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-09-08
    Description: A mevalonate-independent pathway of isoprenoid biosynthesis present in Plasmodium falciparum was shown to represent an effective target for chemotherapy of malaria. This pathway includes 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate (DOXP) as a key metabolite. The presence of two genes encoding the enzymes DOXP synthase and DOXP reductoisomerase suggests that isoprenoid biosynthesis in P. falciparum depends on the DOXP pathway. This pathway is probably located in the apicoplast. The recombinant P. falciparum DOXP reductoisomerase was inhibited by fosmidomycin and its derivative, FR-900098. Both drugs suppressed the in vitro growth of multidrug-resistant P. falciparum strains. After therapy with these drugs, mice infected with the rodent malaria parasite P. vinckei were cured.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jomaa, H -- Wiesner, J -- Sanderbrand, S -- Altincicek, B -- Weidemeyer, C -- Hintz, M -- Turbachova, I -- Eberl, M -- Zeidler, J -- Lichtenthaler, H K -- Soldati, D -- Beck, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Sep 3;285(5433):1573-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Biochemistry, Academic Hospital Centre, Justus-Liebig-University, Friedrichstrasse 24, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. hassan.jomaa@biochemie.med.uni-giessen.de〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10477522" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aldose-Ketose Isomerases/*antagonists & inhibitors/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antimalarials/*pharmacology ; Cloning, Molecular ; Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Fosfomycin/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Genes, Protozoan ; *Hemiterpenes ; Malaria/*drug therapy/parasitology ; Malaria, Falciparum/drug therapy/parasitology ; Mevalonic Acid/metabolism ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Multienzyme Complexes/*antagonists & inhibitors/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Organelles/drug effects/metabolism ; Organophosphorus Compounds/metabolism ; Oxidoreductases/*antagonists & inhibitors/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Pentosephosphates/*metabolism ; Plasmodium falciparum/*drug effects/genetics/metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Terpenes/*pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Regulation of "nutraceuticals" (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-10-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zeisel, S H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Sep 17;285(5435):1853-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7400, USA. stevenvzeisel@unc.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10515789" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Consumer Product Safety ; *Dietary Supplements/economics ; Food ; Humans ; *Legislation, Drug ; *Legislation, Food ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; United States ; United States Food and Drug Administration
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Bacterial photoreceptor with similarity to photoactive yellow protein and plant phytochromes (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-07-20
    Description: A phytochrome-like protein called Ppr was discovered in the purple photosynthetic bacterium Rhodospirillum centenum. Ppr has a photoactive yellow protein (PYP) amino-terminal domain, a central domain with similarity to phytochrome, and a carboxyl-terminal histidine kinase domain. Reconstitution experiments demonstrate that Ppr covalently attaches the blue light-absorbing chromophore p-hydroxycinnamic acid and that it has a photocycle that is spectrally similar to, but kinetically slower than, that of PYP. Ppr also regulates chalcone synthase gene expression in response to blue light with autophosphorylation inhibited in vitro by blue light. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrates that R. centenum Ppr may be ancestral to cyanobacterial and plant phytochromes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jiang, Z -- Swem, L R -- Rushing, B G -- Devanathan, S -- Tollin, G -- Bauer, C E -- GM 40941/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM040941/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM053940/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jul 16;285(5426):406-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, Indiana University, Jordan Hall, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10411503" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acyltransferases/genetics ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Apoproteins/chemistry/metabolism ; Bacterial Proteins/*chemistry/genetics/physiology ; Chemotaxis ; Cloning, Molecular ; Coumaric Acids/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial ; Light ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Phosphorylation ; *Photoreceptors, Microbial ; Phylogeny ; Phytochrome/*chemistry ; Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Rhodospirillum/*chemistry/genetics/physiology ; Sequence Alignment
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Stem cell research. NIH plans ethics review of proposals (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-05-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Apr 16;284(5413):413, 415.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10232981" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aborted Fetus ; Advisory Committees ; *Bioethics ; *Embryo Research ; Embryo, Mammalian/*cytology ; Federal Government ; Fetal Research ; Financing, Government ; *Government Regulation ; Guidelines as Topic ; Humans ; Informed Consent ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Public Policy ; *Research ; Research Support as Topic ; *Stem Cells ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 77
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    Biosequence exegesis (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-10-16
    Description: Annotation of large-scale gene sequence data will benefit from comprehensive and consistent application of well-documented, standard analysis methods and from progressive and vigilant efforts to ensure quality and utility and to keep the annotation up to date. However, it is imperative to learn how to apply information derived from functional genomics and proteomics technologies to conceptualize and explain the behaviors of biological systems. Quantitative and dynamical models of systems behaviors will supersede the limited and static forms of single-gene annotation that are now the norm. Molecular biological epistemology will increasingly encompass both teleological and causal explanations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Boguski, M S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Oct 15;286(5439):453-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10521334" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; *Computational Biology ; Databases, Factual ; *Genetic Techniques ; *Genome ; Genome, Human ; Human Genome Project ; Humans ; Molecular Biology ; *Proteome ; *Sequence Analysis, DNA
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    NIH weighs bold plan for online preprint publishing (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-04-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Mar 12;283(5408):1610-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10189309" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Internet ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Peer Review, Research ; *Publishing ; Societies, Scientific ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 79
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    Scientific misconduct. Investigations on trial in a Texas court (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-03-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Feb 12;283(5404):913-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10075554" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biomedical Research ; Federal Government ; Government Regulation ; Scientific Misconduct/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Texas ; United States ; United States Dept. of Health and Human Services ; Universities
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 80
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    Ruling may free NIH to fund stem cells studies (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-02-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jan 22;283(5401):465, 467.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9988645" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Advisory Committees ; Bioethics ; Cell Line ; *Embryo Research ; Embryo, Mammalian/*cytology ; Federal Government ; *Government Regulation ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/economics/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Research ; Research Support as Topic/*legislation & jurisprudence ; *Stem Cells ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 81
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    Protein crystallization at NASA: well grounded (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-08-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fiske, M R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Aug 6;285(5429):837-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10454934" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Crystallization ; Proteins/*chemistry ; Societies, Scientific ; Space Flight ; United States ; *United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration ; *Weightlessness
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  • 82
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    Potential target found for antimetastasis drugs (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-07-31
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Finkel, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jul 2;285(5424):33-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10428697" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Cloning, Molecular ; *Glucuronidase ; Glycoside Hydrolases/*antagonists & inhibitors/*genetics/isolation & ; purification/metabolism ; Humans ; Mice ; Neoplasm Metastasis/*prevention & control ; Rats ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 83
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    NIH-study-section scoring (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-10-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Doniach, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Sep 17;285(5435):1850.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10515787" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*organization & administration ; *Peer Review, Research ; Research Support as Topic ; United States
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    Policy forum: public health. Regulating firearms as a consumer product (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-12-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sorenson, S B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Nov 19;286(5444):1481-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1772, USA. sorenson@ucla.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10610547" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Consumer Product Safety/legislation & jurisprudence ; Firearms/legislation & jurisprudence/*standards ; Public Opinion ; Public Policy ; Safety ; United States
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  • 85
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    Development of DNA sequencer (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-09-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dovichi, N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Aug 13;285(5430):1016.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10475843" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Canada ; Financing, Government ; Human Genome Project ; Research Support as Topic ; Sequence Analysis, DNA/*instrumentation ; United States
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    Signaling from Rho to the actin cytoskeleton through protein kinases ROCK and LIM-kinase (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-08-07
    Description: The actin cytoskeleton undergoes extensive remodeling during cell morphogenesis and motility. The small guanosine triphosphatase Rho regulates such remodeling, but the underlying mechanisms of this regulation remain unclear. Cofilin exhibits actin-depolymerizing activity that is inhibited as a result of its phosphorylation by LIM-kinase. Cofilin was phosphorylated in N1E-115 neuroblastoma cells during lysophosphatidic acid-induced, Rho-mediated neurite retraction. This phosphorylation was sensitive to Y-27632, a specific inhibitor of the Rho-associated kinase ROCK. ROCK, which is a downstream effector of Rho, did not phosphorylate cofilin directly but phosphorylated LIM-kinase, which in turn was activated to phosphorylate cofilin. Overexpression of LIM-kinase in HeLa cells induced the formation of actin stress fibers in a Y-27632-sensitive manner. These results indicate that phosphorylation of LIM-kinase by ROCK and consequently increased phosphorylation of cofilin by LIM-kinase contribute to Rho-induced reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maekawa, M -- Ishizaki, T -- Boku, S -- Watanabe, N -- Fujita, A -- Iwamatsu, A -- Obinata, T -- Ohashi, K -- Mizuno, K -- Narumiya, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Aug 6;285(5429):895-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto University Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8315, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10436159" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Actin Cytoskeleton/*metabolism ; Actin Depolymerizing Factors ; Actins/metabolism ; Amides/pharmacology ; Animals ; COS Cells ; DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Enzyme Activation ; GTP Phosphohydrolases/*metabolism ; GTP-Binding Proteins/*metabolism ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Lim Kinases ; Lysophospholipids/pharmacology ; Membrane Proteins/*metabolism ; Microfilament Proteins/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Kinases/*metabolism ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/*metabolism ; Pyridines/pharmacology ; *Signal Transduction ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; rho-Associated Kinases ; rhoB GTP-Binding Protein
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    Association of BRCA1 with the hRad50-hMre11-p95 complex and the DNA damage response (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-07-31
    Description: BRCA1 encodes a tumor suppressor that is mutated in familial breast and ovarian cancers. Here, it is shown that BRCA1 interacts in vitro and in vivo with hRad50, which forms a complex with hMre11 and p95/nibrin. Upon irradiation, BRCA1 was detected in discrete foci in the nucleus, which colocalize with hRad50. Formation of irradiation-induced foci positive for BRCA1, hRad50, hMre11, or p95 was dramatically reduced in HCC/1937 breast cancer cells carrying a homozygous mutation in BRCA1 but was restored by transfection of wild-type BRCA1. Ectopic expression of wild-type, but not mutated, BRCA1 in these cells rendered them less sensitive to the DNA damage agent, methyl methanesulfonate. These data suggest that BRCA1 is important for the cellular responses to DNA damage that are mediated by the hRad50-hMre11-p95 complex.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zhong, Q -- Chen, C F -- Li, S -- Chen, Y -- Wang, C C -- Xiao, J -- Chen, P L -- Sharp, Z D -- Lee, W H -- CA 30195/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 58183/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jul 30;285(5428):747-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 15355 Lambda Drive, San Antonio, TX 78245, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10426999" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: BRCA1 Protein/*metabolism ; Cell Cycle Proteins/*metabolism ; Cell Nucleus/*metabolism ; Cell Survival ; *DNA Damage ; *DNA Repair Enzymes ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*metabolism ; Gamma Rays ; Genes, BRCA1 ; Humans ; Methyl Methanesulfonate/pharmacology ; Mutagens/pharmacology ; Mutation ; *Nuclear Proteins ; Rad51 Recombinase ; Recombination, Genetic ; Transfection ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
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  • 88
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    No winners in patent shootout (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-07-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barinaga, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jun 11;284(5421):1752-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10391787" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biotechnology/*legislation & jurisprudence ; California ; Cloning, Molecular ; Genetic Vectors ; *Human Growth Hormone/genetics ; Humans ; *Patents as Topic ; Publishing ; Universities/*legislation & jurisprudence
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 89
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    Identification of a nuclear receptor for bile acids (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-05-21
    Description: Bile acids are essential for the solubilization and transport of dietary lipids and are the major products of cholesterol catabolism. Results presented here show that bile acids are physiological ligands for the farnesoid X receptor (FXR), an orphan nuclear receptor. When bound to bile acids, FXR repressed transcription of the gene encoding cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase, which is the rate-limiting enzyme in bile acid synthesis, and activated the gene encoding intestinal bile acid-binding protein, which is a candidate bile acid transporter. These results demonstrate a mechanism by which bile acids transcriptionally regulate their biosynthesis and enterohepatic transport.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Makishima, M -- Okamoto, A Y -- Repa, J J -- Tu, H -- Learned, R M -- Luk, A -- Hull, M V -- Lustig, K D -- Mangelsdorf, D J -- Shan, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 May 21;284(5418):1362-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75235-9050, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10334992" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bile Acids and Salts/biosynthesis/*metabolism ; Biological Transport ; Carrier Proteins/*genetics/metabolism ; Cell Line ; Chenodeoxycholic Acid/*metabolism ; Cholesterol/metabolism ; Cholesterol 7-alpha-Hydroxylase/*genetics ; DNA-Binding Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Histone Acetyltransferases ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; *Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases ; Ligands ; Liver/metabolism ; *Membrane Glycoproteins ; Mice ; Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 1 ; *Organic Anion Transporters, Sodium-Dependent ; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; *Symporters ; Transcription Factors/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Transfection ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 90
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    Kansas dumps Darwin, raises alarm across the United States (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-09-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Aug 20;285(5431):1186-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10484724" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biological Evolution ; Curriculum ; Kansas ; Religion and Science ; Science/*education ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 91
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    2000 budget. Thanks to NIH, R&D ends up with 5% boost (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-12-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Malakoff, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Dec 3;286(5446):1836.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10610571" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Budgets ; Government Agencies/economics ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*economics ; Research/*economics ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 92
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    Purification and cloning of aggrecanase-1: a member of the ADAMTS family of proteins (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-06-05
    Description: We purified, cloned, and expressed aggrecanase, a protease that is thought to be responsible for the degradation of cartilage aggrecan in arthritic diseases. Aggrecanase-1 [a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs-4 (ADAMTS-4)] is a member of the ADAMTS protein family that cleaves aggrecan at the glutamic acid-373-alanine-374 bond. The identification of this protease provides a specific target for the development of therapeutics to prevent cartilage degradation in arthritis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tortorella, M D -- Burn, T C -- Pratta, M A -- Abbaszade, I -- Hollis, J M -- Liu, R -- Rosenfeld, S A -- Copeland, R A -- Decicco, C P -- Wynn, R -- Rockwell, A -- Yang, F -- Duke, J L -- Solomon, K -- George, H -- Bruckner, R -- Nagase, H -- Itoh, Y -- Ellis, D M -- Ross, H -- Wiswall, B H -- Murphy, K -- Hillman, M C Jr -- Hollis, G F -- Newton, R C -- Magolda, R L -- Trzaskos, J M -- Arner, E C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jun 4;284(5420):1664-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Inflammatory Diseases Research, DuPont Pharmaceuticals Company, Wilmington, DE 19880-0400, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10356395" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: ADAM Proteins ; Aggrecans ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Arthritis/drug therapy ; Cartilage/metabolism ; Catalytic Domain ; Cloning, Molecular ; Disintegrins/chemistry/metabolism ; *Extracellular Matrix Proteins ; Humans ; Hydroxamic Acids/pharmacology ; Interleukin-1/pharmacology ; Lectins, C-Type ; Metalloendopeptidases/*chemistry/*genetics/isolation & purification/metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Procollagen N-Endopeptidase ; Protease Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Protein Sorting Signals ; Proteoglycans/metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins/chemistry/metabolism ; Sequence Analysis
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 93
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    Biomedical attacks (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-12-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Trull, F L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Nov 19;286(5444):1477.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10610546" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Animal Rights ; Animals ; Animals, Laboratory ; *Organizations ; *Research Personnel ; United States ; *Violence
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 94
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    Scientific misconduct. Shalala takes watchdog office out of the hunt (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-11-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Oct 29;286(5441):883.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10577232" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Government Regulation ; *Scientific Misconduct ; United States ; United States Office of Research Integrity/*organization & administration
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 95
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    Animal rights. Booby-trapped letters sent to 87 researchers (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-12-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Nov 5;286(5442):1059.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10610514" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Animal Rights ; Animals ; Animals, Laboratory ; *Primates ; *Research Personnel ; United States ; *Violence
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 96
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    Disappearing physician-scientists (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-02-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brinkley, W R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Feb 5;283(5403):791.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10049119" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Career Choice ; *Education, Medical, Graduate ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Physicians/statistics & numerical data ; Research/*manpower ; *Research Personnel/education/statistics & numerical data ; Research Support as Topic ; Societies, Scientific ; Training Support ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 97
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    The maize rough sheath2 gene and leaf development programs in monocot and dicot plants (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-04-02
    Description: Leaves of higher plants develop in a sequential manner from the shoot apical meristem. Previously it was determined that perturbed leaf development in maize rough sheath2 (rs2) mutant plants results from ectopic expression of knotted1-like (knox) homeobox genes. Here, the rs2 gene sequence was found to be similar to the Antirrhinum PHANTASTICA (PHAN) gene sequence, which encodes a Myb-like transcription factor. RS2 and PHAN are both required to prevent the accumulation of knox gene products in maize and Antirrhinum leaves, respectively. However, rs2 and phan mutant phenotypes differ, highlighting fundamental differences in monocot and dicot leaf development programs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tsiantis, M -- Schneeberger, R -- Golz, J F -- Freeling, M -- Langdale, J A -- GM14578/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM42610/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Apr 2;284(5411):154-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3BR, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10102817" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA-Binding Proteins/chemistry/*genetics ; Down-Regulation ; *Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; *Genes, Homeobox ; Genes, Plant ; Homeodomain Proteins/*genetics/metabolism ; In Situ Hybridization ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Phenotype ; Plant Development ; Plant Leaves/cytology/genetics/*growth & development/metabolism ; Plant Proteins/chemistry/*genetics ; Plants/*genetics/metabolism ; *Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myb ; Repressor Proteins/chemistry/*genetics/physiology ; Sequence Alignment ; Zea mays/*genetics/growth & development/metabolism
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 98
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    EPA ponders pesticide tests in humans (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-01-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jan 1;283(5398):18-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9917257" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Advisory Committees ; *Bioethics ; Federal Government ; *Human Experimentation ; No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level ; *Nontherapeutic Human Experimentation ; Pesticides/*toxicity ; *Toxicity Tests/standards ; United States ; *United States Environmental Protection Agency
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 99
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    View from the top of a biomedical empire. Interview by Eliot Marshall (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-10-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Varmus, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Sep 10;285(5434):1654-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10523178" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; Budgets ; Computational Biology ; Embryo, Mammalian/cytology ; Humans ; Internet ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/economics/organization & administration ; Peer Review, Research ; Public Policy ; Publishing ; Research ; Stem Cells ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 100
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    Physician-scientists--endangered and essential (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-01-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rosenberg, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jan 15;283(5400):331-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, NJ 08544, USA. lrosenberg@molbiol.princeton.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9925491" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Academic Medical Centers ; *Career Choice ; Drug Industry ; *Education, Medical, Graduate ; Fellowships and Scholarships ; Financing, Government ; Foundations ; Health Care Sector ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Physicians/statistics & numerical data/trends ; Public Policy ; Research/*manpower ; *Research Personnel ; Research Support as Topic ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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