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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2016-06-25
    Description: B-site atomic column regularity was directly observed in (La 0.3 Sr 0.7 )(Al 0.65 Ta 0.35 )O 3 single crystals by Z-contrast imaging during high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy. Two types of areas with different B-site regularity were found. One of the ordered structures, which was similar to a previously reported structure, was several tens of nanometers in size and had a rock salt-like regularity owing to variation in the B-site Al/Ta ratio. The other structure existed as disordered-like domains in the (La 0.3 Sr 0.7 )(Al 0.65 Ta 0.35 )O 3 crystal. Fourier transform processing revealed that the disordered-like domains consisted of very fine ordered domains of several nanometers in size. These very fine ordered structures had a different B-site Al/Ta ratio variation with a rock salt-like regularity.
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2015-04-10
    Description: Author(s): M. Miyazaki, R. Kadono, M. Hiraishi, A. Koda, K. M. Kojima, K. Ohashi, T. Takayama, and H. Takagi In this study, the magnetic ground state of iridium perovskites (Sr n+1 Ir n O 3n+1 , where n=1, 2, and ∞) was considered using muon spin spectroscopy (μSR). When probed by muons in Sr 2 IrO 4 and Sr 3 Ir 2 O 7 (n=1,2), the internal field (B loc ) showed clear signs of a magnetic order in two stages at transition t... [Phys. Rev. B 91, 155113] Published Thu Apr 09, 2015
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
    Print ISSN: 1098-0121
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3795
    Topics: Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2016-01-21
    Description: We perform a weak-lensing study of the nearby cool-core galaxy clusters, Hydra A ( z  = 0.0538) and A478 ( z  = 0.0881), of which the brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) host the powerful activities of active galactic nuclei (AGNs). For each cluster, the observed tangential shear profile is described well by either a single Navarro–Frenk–White model or a two-component model including the BCG as an unresolved point mass. For A478, we determine the BCG and its host-halo masses from a joint fit to weak-lensing and stellar photometry measurements. We find that the choice of initial mass functions (IMFs) can introduce a factor of 2 uncertainty in the BCG mass, whereas the BCG host-halo mass is constrained well by data. We perform a joint analysis of the weak-lensing and stellar kinematics data available for the Hydra A cluster, which allows us to constrain the central mass profile without assuming specific IMFs. We find that the central mass profile ( r  〈 300 kpc) determined from the joint analysis is in excellent agreement with those from independent measurements, including dynamical masses estimated from the cold gas disc component, X-ray hydrostatic total mass estimates, and the central stellar mass estimated with the Salpeter IMF. The observed dark matter fraction around the BCG for Hydra A is found to be smaller than those predicted by adiabatic contraction models, suggesting the importance of other physical processes, such as AGN feedback and/or dissipationless mergers.
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2011-03-15
    Description: Author(s): K. Ishii, I. Jarrige, M. Yoshida, K. Ikeuchi, J. Mizuki, K. Ohashi, T. Takayama, J. Matsuno, and H. Takagi We report an Ir L_{3} edge resonant inelastic x-ray scattering measurement of the low-lying electronic excitations in Sr_{2} IrO_{4} over the complete Brillouin zone of the IrO_{2} plane. A remarkably strong inelastic signal which exceeds the elastic scattering in intensity is observed. Peaks observ... [Phys. Rev. B 83, 115121] Published Mon Mar 14, 2011
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
    Print ISSN: 1098-0121
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3795
    Topics: Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2011-01-26
    Description: 14-3-3σ regulates cytokinesis and cell cycle arrest induced by DNA damage but its role in the immune system is unknown. Using gene-targeted 14-3-3σ–deficient (i.e., KO) mice, we studied the role of 14-3-3σ in B-cell functions. Total numbers of B cells were reduced by spontaneous apoptosis of peripheral B cells. Upon B-cell antigen receptor engagement in vitro, KO B cells did not proliferate properly or up-regulate CD86. In response to T cell-independent antigens, KO B cells showed poor secretion of antigen-specific IgM. This deficit led to increased lethality of KO mice after vesicular stomatitis virus infection. KO B cells showed elevated total FOXO transcriptional activity but also increased FOXO1 degradation. Coimmunoprecipitation revealed that endogenous 14-3-3σ protein formed a complex with FOXO1 protein. Our results suggest that 14-3-3σ maintains FOXO1 at a consistent level critical for normal B-cell antigen receptor signaling and B-cell survival.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2014-01-11
    Description: Author(s): S. Fujiyama, H. Ohsumi, K. Ohashi, D. Hirai, B. J. Kim, T. Arima, M. Takata, and H. Takagi The ratio of orbital (L) and spin (S) contributions to the magnetically ordered moments of a 5d transition metal oxide, Sr2IrO4 was evaluated by nonresonant magnetic x-ray diffraction. We applied an improved experimental setting that minimized the experimental error, in which we varied only the line... [Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 016405] Published Fri Jan 10, 2014
    Keywords: Condensed Matter: Electronic Properties, etc.
    Print ISSN: 0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114
    Topics: Physics
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2014-04-10
    Description: Author(s): T. Rosskopf, A. Dussaux, K. Ohashi, M. Loretz, R. Schirhagl, H. Watanabe, S. Shikata, K. M. Itoh, and C. L. Degen We present measurements of spin relaxation times (T1, T1ρ, T2) on very shallow (≲5  nm) nitrogen-vacancy centers in high-purity diamond single crystals. We find a reduction of spin relaxation times up to 30 times compared to bulk values, indicating the presence of ubiquitous magnetic impurities asso... [Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 147602] Published Wed Apr 09, 2014
    Keywords: Condensed Matter: Electronic Properties, etc.
    Print ISSN: 0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114
    Topics: Physics
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 1999-08-07
    Description: The actin cytoskeleton undergoes extensive remodeling during cell morphogenesis and motility. The small guanosine triphosphatase Rho regulates such remodeling, but the underlying mechanisms of this regulation remain unclear. Cofilin exhibits actin-depolymerizing activity that is inhibited as a result of its phosphorylation by LIM-kinase. Cofilin was phosphorylated in N1E-115 neuroblastoma cells during lysophosphatidic acid-induced, Rho-mediated neurite retraction. This phosphorylation was sensitive to Y-27632, a specific inhibitor of the Rho-associated kinase ROCK. ROCK, which is a downstream effector of Rho, did not phosphorylate cofilin directly but phosphorylated LIM-kinase, which in turn was activated to phosphorylate cofilin. Overexpression of LIM-kinase in HeLa cells induced the formation of actin stress fibers in a Y-27632-sensitive manner. These results indicate that phosphorylation of LIM-kinase by ROCK and consequently increased phosphorylation of cofilin by LIM-kinase contribute to Rho-induced reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maekawa, M -- Ishizaki, T -- Boku, S -- Watanabe, N -- Fujita, A -- Iwamatsu, A -- Obinata, T -- Ohashi, K -- Mizuno, K -- Narumiya, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Aug 6;285(5429):895-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto University Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8315, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10436159" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Actin Cytoskeleton/*metabolism ; Actin Depolymerizing Factors ; Actins/metabolism ; Amides/pharmacology ; Animals ; COS Cells ; DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Enzyme Activation ; GTP Phosphohydrolases/*metabolism ; GTP-Binding Proteins/*metabolism ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Lim Kinases ; Lysophospholipids/pharmacology ; Membrane Proteins/*metabolism ; Microfilament Proteins/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Kinases/*metabolism ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/*metabolism ; Pyridines/pharmacology ; *Signal Transduction ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; rho-Associated Kinases ; rhoB GTP-Binding Protein
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2010-06-19
    Description: Adipose tissue secretes proteins referred to as adipokines, many of which promote inflammation and disrupt glucose homeostasis. Here we show that secreted frizzled-related protein 5 (Sfrp5), a protein previously linked to the Wnt signaling pathway, is an anti-inflammatory adipokine whose expression is perturbed in models of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Sfrp5-deficient mice fed a high-calorie diet developed severe glucose intolerance and hepatic steatosis, and their adipose tissue showed an accumulation of activated macrophages that was associated with activation of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling pathway. Adenovirus-mediated delivery of Sfrp5 to mouse models of obesity ameliorated glucose intolerance and hepatic steatosis. Thus, in the setting of obesity, Sfrp5 secretion by adipocytes exerts salutary effects on metabolic dysfunction by controlling inflammatory cells within adipose tissue.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3132938/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3132938/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ouchi, Noriyuki -- Higuchi, Akiko -- Ohashi, Koji -- Oshima, Yuichi -- Gokce, Noyan -- Shibata, Rei -- Akasaki, Yuichi -- Shimono, Akihiko -- Walsh, Kenneth -- AG15052/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- AG34972/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- HL81587/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL86785/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- P01 HL081587/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- P01 HL081587-05/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG015052/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG015052-06/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG034972/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG034972-03/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL086785/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL086785-19/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Jul 23;329(5990):454-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1188280. Epub 2010 Jun 17.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Molecular Cardiology and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, 715 Albany Street, W611, Boston, MA 02118, USA. nouchi@bu.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20558665" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 3T3-L1 Cells ; Adipocytes/*metabolism/pathology ; Adipokines/genetics/*metabolism ; Adipose Tissue/*metabolism/pathology ; Animals ; Dietary Fats/administration & dosage ; Dietary Sucrose/administration & dosage ; Fatty Liver/pathology/therapy ; Genetic Vectors ; Glucose/metabolism ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Insulin/metabolism ; Insulin Resistance ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Macrophages/*metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Obese ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 8/genetics/metabolism ; Obesity/*metabolism/pathology ; Phosphorylation ; Rats ; Rats, Zucker ; Signal Transduction ; Wnt Proteins/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2012-11-17
    Description: Author(s): S. Fujiyama, K. Ohashi, H. Ohsumi, K. Sugimoto, T. Takayama, T. Komesu, M. Takata, T. Arima, and H. Takagi The antiferromagnetic structure of Sr 3 Ir 2 O 7 , the bilayer analog of a spin-orbital Mott insulator Sr 2 IrO 4 , was revealed by resonant magnetic x-ray diffraction. Contrasting intensities of the magnetic diffraction at the Ir L III and L II edges show a J eff =1/2 character of the magnetic moment as is argue... [Phys. Rev. B 86, 174414] Published Fri Nov 16, 2012
    Keywords: Magnetism
    Print ISSN: 1098-0121
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3795
    Topics: Physics
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