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  • Fisheries  (358)
  • Shrimp  (156)
  • LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute  (339)
  • NOAA/National Marine Fisheries Service  (165)
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  • 1
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    An atlas of reproductive development in rockfishes, genus Sebastes (2021)
    NOAA/National Marine Fisheries Service | Seattle, WA
    In:  Frank.Morado@noaa.gov | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/14558 | 403 | 2014-02-21 00:23:40 | 14558 | United States National Marine Fisheries Service
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-28
    Description: The genus Sebastes consists of over 100 fish species, all of which are viviparous and long-lived. Previous studies have presented schemes on the reproductive biology of a single targeted species of the genus Sebastes, but all appear to possess a similar reproductive biology asevidenced by this and other studies. This atlas stages major events during spermatogenesis, oogenesis, and embryogenesis, including atresia, in six species of Sebastes (S. alutus, S. elongatus, S. helvomaculatus, S. polyspinis, S. proriger, and S. zacentrus). Our study suggests that the male reproductive cycle of Sebastes is characterized by 11 phases of testicular development, with 10 stages of sperm development and 1 stage of spermatozoa atresia. Ovarian development was divided into 12 phases, with 10 stages of oocyte development, 1 stage of embryonic development, and 1 stage of oocyte atresia. Embryonic development up to parturition was divided into 33 stages following the research of Yamada and Kusakari (1991). Reproductive development of all six species examined followed the developmental classifications listed above which may apply to all species of Sebastes regardless of the number of broods produced annually. Multiple brooders vary in that not all ova are fertilized and progress to embryos; a proportion of ova are arrested at the pre-vitellogenic stage. Reproductive stage examples shown in this atlas use S. elongates for spermatic development, S. proriger for oocyte development, and S. alutus for embryological development, because opportunistic sampling only permitted complete analysis of each respective developmental phase for those species. The results of this study and the proposed reproductive phases complement the recommended scheme submitted by Brown-Peterson et al. (2011), who call for a standardization of terminology for describing reproductive development of fishes.
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Fisheries
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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    Format: 77
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  • 2
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    A guide to the deep-water sponges of the Aleutian Island Archipelago (2021)
    NOAA/National Marine Fisheries Service | Seattle, WA
    In:  Bob.Stone@noaa.gov | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/14560 | 403 | 2014-02-21 00:22:19 | 14560 | United States National Marine Fisheries Service
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-28
    Description: The first dedicated collections of deep-water (〉80 m) sponges from the central Aleutian Islands revealed a rich fauna including 28 novel species and geographical range extensions for 53 others. Based on these collections and the published literature, we now confirm the presence of 125 species (or subspecies)of deep-water sponges in the Aleutian Islands. Clearly the deep-water sponge fauna of the Aleutian Islands is extraordinarily rich and largely understudied. Submersible observations revealed that sponges, rather than deep-water corals, are the dominant feature shaping benthic habitats in the region and that they provide important refuge habitat for many species of fish and invertebrates including juvenile rockfish (Sebastes spp.) and king crabs (Lithodes sp). Examination of video footage collected along 127 km of the seafloor further indicate that there are likely hundreds of species still uncollected from the region, and many unknown to science. Furthermore, sponges are extremely fragile and easily damaged by contact with fishing gear. High rates of fishery bycatch clearly indicate a strong interaction between existing fisheries and sponge habitat. Bycatch in fisheries and fisheries-independent surveys can be a major source of information on the location of the sponge fauna, but current monitoring programs are greatly hampered by the inability of deck personnel to identify bycatch. This guide contains detailed species descriptions for 112 sponges collected in Alaska, principally in the central Aleutian Islands. It addresses bycatch identification challenges by providing fisheries observers and scientists with the information necessary to adequately identify sponge fauna. Using that identification data, areas of high abundance can be mapped and the locations of indicator species of vulnerable marine ecosystems can be determined. The guide is also designed for use by scientists making observations of the fauna in situ with submersibles, including remotely operated vehicles and autonomous underwater vehicles.
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Fisheries
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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  • 3
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    Our living oceans: report on the status of U.S. living marine resources, 6th edition (2021)
    NOAA/National Marine Fisheries Service | Washington, D.C.
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/14563 | 403 | 2014-02-19 22:20:21 | 14563 | United States National Marine Fisheries Service
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-28
    Description: The National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) is dedicated to the stewardship of living marine resources (LMR’s). This is accomplished through science-based conservation and management, and the promotion of healthy ecosystems. As a steward, NMFS has an obligation to conserve, protect, and manage these resources in a way that ensures their continuation as functioning components of healthy marine ecosystems, affords economic opportunities, and enhances the quality of life for the American public. In addition to its responsibilities within the U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), NMFS plays a supportive and advisory role in the management of LMR’s in the coastal areas under state jurisdiction and provides scientific and policy leadership in the international arena. NMFS also implements international measures for the conservation and management of LMR’s, as appropriate.NMFS receives its stewardship responsibilities under a number of Federal laws. These include the Nation’s primary fisheries law, the Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act. This law was first passed in 1976, later reauthorized as the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act in 1996, and reauthorized again on 12 January 2007 as the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Reauthorization Act (MSRA). The MSRA mandates strong action to conserve and manage fishery resources and requires NMFS to end overfishing by 2010 in all U.S. commercial and recreational fisheries, rebuild all overfished stocks, and conserve essential fish habitat.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Fisheries ; Management
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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  • 4
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    Age determination manual of the Alaska Fisheries Science Center Age and Growth Program (2021)
    NOAA/National Marine Fisheries Service | Seattle, WA
    In:  beth.matta@noaa.gov | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/14559 | 403 | 2014-02-21 00:23:02 | 14559 | United States National Marine Fisheries Service
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-28
    Description: The Age and Growth Program at the Alaska Fisheries Science Center is tasked with providing age data in order to improve the basic understanding of the ecology and fisheries dynamics of Alaskan fish species. The primary focus of the Age and Growth Program is to estimate ages from otoliths and other calcified structures for age-structured modeling of commercially exploited stocks; however, the program has recently expanded its interests to include numerous studies on topics ranging from age estimate validation to the growth and life history of non-target species. Because so many applications rely upon age data and particularly upon assurances as to their accuracy and precision, the Age and Growth Program has developed this practical guide to document the age determination of key groundfish species from Alaskan waters. The main objective of this manual is to describe techniques specific to the age determination of commercially and ecologically important species studied by the Age and Growth Program. The manual also provides general background information on otolith morphology, dissection, and preparation, as well as descriptions of methods used to measure precision andaccuracy of age estimates. This manual is intended not only as a reference for age readers at the AFSC and other laboratories, but also to give insight into the quality of age estimates to scientists who routinely use such data.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Fisheries ; Management
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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  • 5
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    Guide to the identification of larval and early juvenile pricklebacks (Perciformes: Zoarcoidei: Stichaeidae) in the northeastern Pacific Ocean and Bering Sea (2021)
    NOAA/National Marine Fisheries Service | Seattle, WA
    In:  ann.matarese@noaa.gov | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/14557 | 403 | 2014-03-10 21:09:22 | 14557 | United States National Marine Fisheries Service
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-28
    Description: Stichaeidae, commonly referred to as pricklebacks, are intertidal and subtidal fishes primarily of the North Pacific Ocean. Broad distribution in relatively inaccessible and undersampled habitats has contributed to a general lack of information about this family. In this study, descriptions of early life history stages are presented for 25 species representing 18 genera of stichaeid fishes from the northeastern Pacific Ocean, Bering Sea, and Arctic Ocean Basin. Six of these species also occur in the North Atlantic Ocean. Larval stages of 16 species are described for the first time. Additional information or illustrations intended to augment previous descriptions are provided for nine species. For most taxa, we present adult and larval distributions, descriptions of morphometric, meristic, and pigmentation characters, and species comparisons, and we provide illustrations for preflexion through postflexion or transformation stages. New counts of meristic features are reported for several species.
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Fisheries
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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    Format: 96
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  • 6
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    Larval development and identification of the genus Triglops (Scorpaeniformes: Cottidae) (2021)
    NOAA/National Marine Fisheries Service | Seattle, WA
    In:  Debbie.Blood@noaa.gov | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/14562 | 403 | 2014-02-21 00:20:54 | 14562 | United States National Marine Fisheries Service
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    Publication Date: 2021-06-28
    Description: Prior to Pietsch’s (1993) revision of the genus Triglops, identification of their larvae was difficult; six species co-occur in the eastern North Pacific Ocean and Bering Sea and three co-occur in the western North Atlantic Ocean. We examined larvae from collections of the Alaska Fisheries Science Center and Atlantic Reference Centre and used updated meristic data, pigment patterns, and morphological characters to identify larvae of Triglops forficatus, T. macellus, T. murrayi, T. nybelini, T. pingeli, and T. scepticus; larvae of T. metopias, T. dorothy, T. jordani, and T. xenostethus have yet to be identified and are thus not included in this paper. Larval Triglops are characterized by a high myomere count (42–54), heavy dorsolateral pigmentation on the gut, and a pointed snout. Among species co-occurring in the eastern North Pacific Ocean, T. forficatus, T. macellus, and T. pingeli larvae are distinguished from each other by meristic counts and presence or absence of a series of postanal ventral melanophores. Triglops scepticus is differentiated from other eastern North Pacific Ocean larvae by having 0–3 postanal ventral melanophores, a large eye, and a large body depth. Among species co-occurring in the western North Atlantic Ocean, T. murrayi and T. pingeli larvae are distinguished from each other by meristic counts (vertebrae, dorsal-fin rays, and anal-fin rays once formed), number of postanal ventral melanophores, and first appearance and size of head spines. Triglops nybelini is distinguished from T. murrayi and T. pingeli by a large eye, pigment on the lateral line and dorsal midline in flexion larvae, and a greater number of dorsal-fin rays and pectoral-fin rays once formed.
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Fisheries
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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  • 7
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    Marine Fisheries Stock Assessment Improvement Plan: report of the National Marine Fisheries Service National Task Force for Improving Fish Stock Assessments (2021)
    NOAA/National Marine Fisheries Service | Silver Spring, MD
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/14566 | 403 | 2014-02-20 18:26:54 | 14566 | United States National Marine Fisheries Service
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    Publication Date: 2021-06-28
    Description: This report argues for greatly increased resources in terms of data collection facilities and staff to collect, process, and analyze the data, and to communicate the results, in order for NMFS to fulfill its mandate to conserve and manage marine resources. In fact, the authors of this report had great difficulty defining the "ideal" situation to which fisheries stock assessments and management should aspire. One of the primary objectives of fisheries management is to develop sustainable harvest policies that minimize the risks of overfishing both target species and associated species. This can be achieved in a wide spectrum of ways, ranging between the following two extremes. The first is to implement only simple management measures with correspondingly simple assessment demands, which will usually mean setting fishing mortality targets at relatively low levels in order to reduce the risk of unknowingly overfishing or driving ecosystems towards undesirable system states. The second is to expand existingdata collection and analysis programs to provide an adequateknowledge base that can support higher fishing mortality targets while still ensuring low risk to target and associated species and ecosystems. However, defining "adequate" is difficult, especially when scientists have not even identified all marine species, and information on catches, abundances, and life histories of many target species, and most associated species, is sparse. Increasing calls from the public, stakeholders, and the scientific community to implement ecosystem-based stock assessment and management make it even more difficult to define "adequate," especially when "ecosystem-based management" is itself not well-defined. In attempting to describe the data collection and assessment needs for the latter, the authors took a pragmatic approach, rather than trying to estimate the resources required to develop a knowledge base about the fine-scale detailed distributions, abundances, and associations of all marine species. Thus, the specified resource requirements will not meet the expectations of some stakeholders. In addition, the Stock Assessment Improvement Plan is designed to be complementary to other related plans, and therefore does not duplicate the resource requirements detailed in those plans, except as otherwise noted.
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Fisheries ; Management
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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  • 8
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    2007 biennial report to Congress on the progress and findings of studies of striped bass populations (2021)
    NOAA/National Marine Fisheries Service
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/14826 | 403 | 2014-02-28 21:18:46 | 14826 | United States National Marine Fisheries Service
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    Publication Date: 2021-06-25
    Description: The 1997 reauthorization of the Atlantic Striped Bass Conservation Act (Striped Bass Act) mandated biennial reports to Congress and to the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission (Commission) from the secretaries of the Department of Commerce and the Department of the Interior concerning the progress and findings of studies of Atlantic striped bass (Morone saxatilis). The Striped Bass Act specifically requests updates on studies that include, but are not limited to: annual stock assessments, investigations on the causes of fluctuations in Atlantic striped bass populations, the effects of environmental factors on the recruitment, spawning potential, mortality, and abundance of Atlantic striped bass populations, and investigations of interactions between Atlantic striped bass and other fish. This document is the fifth such report to Congress and includes data available through 2007 with emphasis on the 2005 and 2006 calendar years.
    Description: Submitted by the National Marine Fisheries Service and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to the Committee on Resources of the United States House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the United States Senate.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Management
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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  • 9
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    Northeast Fisheries Observer Program manual, 2013 (2021)
    NOAA/National Marine Fisheries Service | Woods Hole, MA
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/14884 | 403 | 2014-03-07 19:48:28 | 14884 | United States National Marine Fisheries Service
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    Publication Date: 2021-06-27
    Description: The National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) Northeast Fisheries Science Center (NEFSC) Fisheries Sampling Branch (FSB) collects, maintains, and distributes data for scientific and management purposes in the northwest Atlantic Ocean. FSB manages three separate but related observer programs: the Northeast Fisheries Observer Program (NEFOP), the Industry Funded Scallop (IFS) Observer Program, and the At Sea Monitoring (ASM) Program. For the purposes of this manual, “observers” refers to any observer/monitor working for the FSB.In 2011, FSB trained and deployed over 200 observers, provided coverage on a variety of fisheries, and completed over 15,000 sea days. Observed trips are required under many of the region's fishery management plans, and for some fisheries by other federal laws and authorities such as Amendment 16 and Framework 44, Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act, Marine Mammal Protection Act, the Endangered Species Act, the and the Sustainable Fisheries Act.The purpose of this guide is to provide FSB observers, as well as end users of NEFSC Observer Program data, with a detailed description of each data field collected. In addition to this manual, the NEFSC Observer Program Biological Sampling and Catch Estimation Manual provides summaries and tables intended to enable observers to quickly determine the correct sampling protocols and methods while at sea.This manual represents a revision of the data forms, collection procedures, and protocols described in the 1996 NEFSC Observer Program Manual. For documentation of other changes see Documentation of changes made to the NEFSC Fisheries Observer Program Manual, 2013.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Management ; Policies
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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  • 10
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    Chrysiptera unimaculata Cuvier, 1830 (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/21041 | 17408 | 2017-04-27 05:58:40 | 21041 | Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-13
    Description: Chrysiptera unimaculata, an algivorous species also living on the coral reef flat and being territorial but not considered as a strict farmer in this location. Maximum length is 8 cm in Persian Gulf. It is living in close association with macrophytes. Adults are found solitarily or in small groups among coastal algal reefs, rubble or over open beach-rock of reef flats exposed to moderate surge and feeds mainly on benthic algae. C. unimaculata is oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding. Eggs are demersal and adhere to the substrate. Males guard and aerate the eggs.
    Keywords: Biology ; Fisheries ; Chrysiptera unimaculata
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  • 11
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    Torpedo sinuspersici  Olfers, 1831 (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/21038 | 17408 | 2017-05-09 10:38:24 | 21038 | Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-13
    Description: Electric rays, thought to be the most primitive of the skates and rays, have stout tails but have rather expansive disc. This group is distinguished by the presence of powerful electric organs, derived from branchial muscles in head region. Torpedo sinuspersici found inshore in sandy bottoms, and well offshore from the surf zone down to 200 m. Also on or near coral reefs (like Kish Island in Persian Gulf). Common in shallow sandy areas. Occasionally hooked by anglers, more often seen by divers; can deliver a strong shock. Flesh is edible. T. sinuspersici can survive for hours after being stranded on the beach. Little is known of the life history of the Gulf torpedo. It is a sluggish predator of bony fishes. At night it actively hunts for food, sculling slowly through the water about a meter above the bottom; during the day it usually rests on the bottom and opportunistically ambushes unwary prey. It uses its broad pectoral fins to envelop the target fish before delivering an electric shock to stun it. Usually solitary, they may form groups during the mating season. Reproduction is a placental viviparous, with the developing embryos initially surviving on their yolk sacs, and then on enriched uterine fluid produced by the mother. Litters of 9-22 young are birthed in the summer. Newborns measure about 10 cm wide; males mature at a disc width of 39 cm and females at 45 cm.
    Keywords: Biology ; Fisheries ; Torpedo sinuspersici
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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  • 12
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    Boloceroides spp. (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/21044 | 17408 | 2017-04-27 06:00:37 | 21044 | Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-13
    Description: Boloceroides spp. are looking like an untidy mop, this anemone is sometimes seen in sea grass areas on many of our shores. It is possibly seasonal. Sometimes, large numbers are seen (up to 10-20 animals in a trip) and then none at all.  Tiny swimming anemones may sometimes be confused with Sea grass anemones which have translucent tentacles with tiny spots. The swimming anemone harbors symbiotic single-celled algae (zooxanthellae). The algae undergo photosynthesis to produce food from sunlight. The food produced is shared with the sea anemone, which in return provides the algae with shelter and minerals. The oral disk and tentacle muscles are used to obtain, retain, and ingest prey; in Boloceroides spp. tentacles can autotomize if it is needed to evade a predator. Tentacles can control body form by use of their endodermal muscles. Retractors are longitudinal muscles that will aid in withdrawing tentacles and the oral disk if they are exposed to the open air.  This hypothesis is furthered because in comparison to other sea anemones, Boloceroides is loosely attached to its respective substrate, thus allowing the pedal disk to detach quickly resulting in a rapid swimming response. Boloceroides can reproduce both sexually and asexually. As Anthozoans, Boloceroides produce sexually by bypassing the medusa life cycle stage; this allows Boloceroides (and all Anthozoans) to release their egg and sperm creating planula a bilaterally symmetrical, flattened, ciliated, motile larva.
    Keywords: Biology ; Fisheries ; Boloceroides
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  • 13
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    Koumansetta hectori  Smith, 1957 (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/21042 | 17408 | 2017-04-27 03:56:54 | 21042 | Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-13
    Description: Many aquarists know this fish as Ambylgobius hectori but accepted name is actually Koumansetta hectori. K. hectori, Hector's goby, is a species of goby native to the Indian Ocean (including the Red Sea), first record from Persian Gulf (Kish Island, Iran) to the islands of Micronesia in the western Pacific Ocean. It can be found on sheltered coral reefs at depths of from 3 to 30 meters (though usually between 5 to 20 meters). This species reaches a length of 8.5 centimeters (3.3 in) SL. This attractive little fish measures only 2” at maturity and spends its time hovering over rocks and substrates out in the open water column. Known for their bold yellow stripes, peaceful disposition, the diminutive Hector’s Goby is a nano reef favorite. It can also be found in the aquarium trade.
    Keywords: Biology ; Fisheries ; Koumansetta hectori
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  • 14
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    Pempheris vanicolensis (Cuvier, 1831) (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/21051 | 17408 | 2017-04-27 03:54:11 | 21051 | Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-13
    Description: Pempheris vanicolensis has reported for the first time from Persian Gulf (Kish Island). Various aspects of the biology of P. vanicolensis Cuvier & Valenciennes, a recent Lessepsian (Suez Canal) immigrant into the Mediterranean, are given. Red Sea and Mediterranean populations were compared, and the results indicate that the spawning season is shortened in the Mediterranean, continuing from April to September, as opposed to year-round in the Red Sea. Descriptions of a ripe ovary and post-larva from the Mediterranean are given. Individuals reach a mean size of 10.8 cm in their first year, and 14.4 cm in the second year. Little change has occurred in the diet of the immigrant population, and both populations feed nocturnally, chiefly on larval and adult stages of planktonic crustaceans. Direct underwater observations on the diurnal behavior of the species show that the fish leave their daytime cave shelter at sunset, congregate at a nearby site and then migrate inshore and disperse into small groups to feed. Before dawn, they reassemble at the cave's entrance, and finally enter it at sunrise, after the school has built up. Observations on Persian Gulf sweepers show that the fish are segregated into size groups, ranging 15–18 cm adults at depths of 3 m.
    Keywords: Biology ; Fisheries ; Pempheris vanicolensis
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  • 15
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    The study of propagation and culture of marine worm (Perinereis nuntia) (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25268 | 18721 | 2018-09-07 07:30:30 | 25268 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Marine polychaete worms living in different beds from coastal areas, so different cultures can be different effects on their development. The evaluation of this research initially, marine polychaete worms were collected in low tidal sea areas from Gulf Persian coast in Bushehr. During several stages of sampling do more than 2000 pieces of worm were taken and then transferred to Bandarga Shrimp Research Station (Iran Shrimp Research Center). So based on an observation the desired species identification (Perinereis nuntia). Then 400 pieces worm selected and transferred to tanks maintain immature worm (fiberglass tanks with dimensions of 2×2×0.5 m with 15 cm sand on floor). The results showed that even the worms (P. nuntia) in vitro reached sexual maturity able to spawn in captivity conditions and were absolute fecundity of 16010 ± 17630 eggs. After incubation eggs, larval culture into the plastic tank with 70 cm diameter, larval (1.5 to 2 mm) were introduced with density 2000 (pieces/m^2). In this research used to three different beds (tidal, filled with water all of time and wet bed) with three different food types (food shrimp, seaweed and vegetable waste), so there were 9 experimental treatments. All experimental treatments harvested and estimate production in each of them after 270 days. The seaweed tidal treatment with amount of 21.17 g/m^2 had best results and the all of wet treatments with 0 g/m^2 was the lowest production. Compare of beds showed that the tidal treatments have significant difference with other beds in growth factors (e.g. mean weight, survival percentage and total production) (P〈0.05). And for effect of food kind on growth factors, the result of difference foods in tidal treatment were analyzed. According this mater any treatments have no significant difference together in growth factors (e.g. mean weight, survival percentage and total production) (P〉0.05).
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Persian Gulf ; Bushehr Province ; Propagation ; Culture ; Marine ; Worm ; Perinereis nuntia ; Polychaete ; Sampling ; Shrimp ; Perinereis nuntia ; Immature ; P. nuntia ; Sexual maturity ; Survival percentage
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  • 16
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    An investigation of some biological aspects of three species: tiger toothed croaker, Otolithes ruber, Javelin grunter, Pomadasys kaakan and black pomfret, Parastromateus niger in the Oman Sea for optimizing fishing season (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25105 | 18721 | 2018-08-23 05:49:02 | 25105 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: During the years 1382-83, some biological aspects of three species Tiger-toothed Croaker, Otolithes ruber, Javelin grunter, Pomadasys kaakan, Black Pomfret, Parastromateus niger, have been investigated in the Oman Sea along Sistan-O-Baluchistan province. Based on the frequency of developed maturity stages (IV, V), a prologed spawning activity extending from August to March was determined for O.ruber, and the Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) suggests two peaks:the minor one in October and the major one in March-April. Comparison of Hepatosomatic Index (HI) and Condition factor (Kn) with the peak spawning indicated a reverse relationship. According to length at first maturity (Lm50%= 40cm) and exploitation of fish at length 42cm above, the stretched optimum mesh size of nets was calculated to be 100mm. On analysis of stomach food item, fish group dominated (80%), which of them Anchovy accounted for 40% of the total frequency. Comparison of mean length between the years 1374-75 and 1382-83 showed 4cm in decrees. Population dynamics parameters were determined through length based modals and the exploitation rate was estimated to be E=0.6, suggesting high level exploitation. The usal streched mesh size of nets(constructed from multifilament webbing) for capturing O.ruber were less than the proposed optimum mesh size of nets, indicating 78% of the total landings were smaller than Lm50%. Total landings in 1381 have increased up to 15% when compared to those of the year 1376. Despite the decrease of total efforts (Panel.day) by 37%, the mean value CPUE has increased up to 82%. Regarding Pomadasys kaakan species, a year-round spawning activity has been observed, with two peaks: A major one in April and an aminor one in September. As those of O.ruber species, there was an inverse relationship between HI and Kn with the peak spawning activity. Based on the length at first maturity (Lm50% = 44cm) and capturing fish of the length at 46cm and above, the stretched optimum mesh size of nets was calculated to be 149.6mm. According to analysis of stomach contents, fish group accounted for 35% of the groups studied, which of them , Largehead hairtail, Trichiurus lepturus linnaeus, constituted 52% of the total frequency. In addition to estimation of population dynamics, the exploitation rate was estimated to be E= 0.49. Majority of the species catch was made by mesh size of nets used for O.ruber of which 133mm mesh size accounted for the level (30%). Information on length distribution showed that 60% of the total fish landed was below Lm50%. Total landings in 1381 decreased to 10% in comparison to 1376.Total fishing efforts and CPUE also decreased to 33% and 24% respectively. For parastromateus Niger, There was a long period spawning activity from March to December, with two peaks: A major one in August and a minor one in March. According to Lm50% (39cm) and catching of fish 39cm above, the stretched optimum mesh size of nets was calculated as 167.7mm. Based on stomach contents, ring-shaped worms and larval shrimp equally made 29% of the total frequency showing the highest contribution. Comparison of mean length indicated 3cm in decrease in 1382-83 when compared to 1374-75. Population dynamics parameters were estimated and the exploitation rate was estimated to be E = 0.54. The usual stretched mesh size of nets for P. niger was 146mm and 81% of the total fish landed were smaller than Lm50%.In 1381,total catch of the species increased four and a half-fold in comparison to 1376, while total efforts decreased up to 28% and CPUE increased two and a half-fold.
    Keywords: Biology ; Fisheries ; Iran ; Oman Sea ; Investigation ; Biological ; Tiger toothed Croaker ; Otolithes ruber ; Javelin grunter ; Pomadasys kaakan ; Black pomfret ; Parastromateus niger ; Season ; Fishing
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    Survey on parasitic infections of Barbus spp. from south-west of Iran (Khouzestan Province) (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25108 | 18721 | 2018-08-24 06:17:44 | 25108 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: A survey on parasitic infections on Barboid fishes of South- west of Iran (Khouzestan province) were done during Spring 2002 to Autumn 2004. Altogether 296 specimens from 5 different fish species were examined. The fishes were collected from five stations of Karoun River (Ahwaz-Goulestan, Molasani, Dez Dam), Karkheh River (Hamidia Dam) and Shadgan Lagoon. The fishes transported alive to the laboratory where they measured and weighted. Then they were killed by cutting the spinal cord. According to the results of this study 22 different parasites were revealed, 15 of then detected to the species level and 7 of them to the genus level. The metazoans are as follows: The monogenea, are Dactylogyrus onchoratus, D.persicus. Two digeneans: Diplostomum spathaceum, Asymphilodora sp. Five nematods: Rhabdochona denudata, Philometra karuensis, Philometra sp., Psudocapilaria tomentosa Contracecum larvae sp. and only one acanthocephalus, Neoechinorhynchus. Three protozoans are: Ichtyophthirius multifiliis, Trichodina sp., Goussia sp., Balantidium sp. And Myxozoans: Myxobolus persicus M. karuni M. nodulointestinalis, M iranicus, M.mesopotamia, M. pfief eri, Myxobolus sp., Myxidium rhodei, Myxidium pfiefferi. Histopathological investigation of some parasites was done as well. Pathologacal potential of M. nodulointestinalis and M. pfiefferi were revealed. According the results of this study three new parasites and eleven new hosts for Iranian freshwater fishes and three new host for three Myzoxoans were introduced.
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Fisheries ; Iran ; Khouzestan Province ; Barbus fishes ; Parasites ; Protozoa ; Metazoa ; Dactylogyrus onchoratus ; Rhabdochona denudata ; Philometra karuensis ; Species ; Fish
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    Identification of native fishes of western Azarbaijan province - phase 1: northern water source (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25116 | 18721 | 2018-08-24 06:19:54 | 25116 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: The aim of this research was to identify fish species distributed in the water resources located at West- Azarbaijan province. Sampling was done seasonally, from 14 sampling sites in main branches of different rivers including Aras, Zangmar, and Ghator. Fish samples caught with different tools, fixed in 10 % formalin, and finally transferred to the laboratory for biological investigations. The identified fish were 25 species belonging to 8 fish family comprising of Cyprinidae, Balitoridae, Cobitidae, Siluridae, percidae, poecilliidae, Gobiidae, Salmonidae. Among them, cyprinidae family had the highest percentage of diversity. There were 2 species from Balitoridae and 1 species from the rest of other family.
    Keywords: Biology ; Fisheries ; Iran ; Western Azarbaijan province ; Identification ; Native fishes ; Water
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    Study on propagation and breeding of Hamoun fish (shizothoraxzarudnyi) to one gram weight in earthen pond (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25322 | 18721 | 2018-09-12 09:50:04 | 25322 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Hamoun fish, Schizothorax zarudnyi, is an indigenous species of the eastern waters of Iran, which is exclusively found in this region. However recently drought occurrence in the Chahnimeh reservoirs (a semi natural water body) making them vulnerable to extinction. As an appropriate action to address this problem and according to the 3 side contract between Italian Government – UNDP - Islamic republic of Iran Government and the Italian government financial support to reduce poverty in the Province of Sistan-Baluchestan through the reinforcement and dissemination of aquaculture activities the project was developed at the Hamoun Research Unit by the Chahbahar Fisheries Research Center to record the breeding normative of 1 g weight larvae for restocking and other researching purposes. 331 broodstocks of the indigenous species Shizothorax zarudnyi weighing 800-2450 g were collected from the Chahnimeh reservoirs in early autumn, 2006. From 5/3/2007 (the project is supported and communicated on 2010) , Ovulation was stimulated with three stimulators; pituitary extract (3-6 mg kg-1 body weight), GnRH-A (20-30 mg kg-1 body weight) and anti dopamine (10-15 mg kg-1 body weight) that was given in 2-3 doses to breeders. Of 169 injected breeders , some were injected On mid March of 2007 (12-13 ºC water temperature) responded to the injection 25% ,while the rest were injected On April of 2008 (14-16 ºC water temperature) responded to the injection 65%. In the present project of 167 breeders 82 were female and 87 male. Totally 30 female breeders released their eggs in different stages. 20 female breeders released their eggs completely, 3 breeders released half of their eggs and 7 released 1/3 of their eggs. The male breeders just injected in the final dose of hormontrapy and all were ready for releasing sperms however the ovulation in female breeders occurs between 353-428 h ºC and after the final dose of injection. Ripe eggs were stripped from the females and fertilization was done by the dry method. Fertilized eggs were transferred to veis incubators and troughs. Incubation period for eggs differs and larvae hatch out after about 910 days at an average water temperature of 12.5 °C. Maintained at 13-14 °C, complete absorption of yolk sac in Shizothorax zarudnyi larvae occurred after 5-8 days. Larvae were fed with a mixture of powdered milk and egg yolk in this stage followed by decapsulated Artemia cysts and nauplii of Artemia and then on formulated starter diets used for carps. Because the ponds were not ready, larvae were maintained in troughs for about ten days before they were transferred to two 1200 m2 earthen ponds where they reached a body weight of about 1 g. They were then handed over to the Iranian Fisheries department in the region. Larvae were fed with the starter feed SFCO in the earthen ponds. About 350 thousand larvae were stocked in two earthen ponds. Based on the results of present study and other studies we may conclude that artificial breeding in Schizothorax can be successfully achieved at 14-16 ºC in flow through systems using hormone therapy (combination of GnRha and anti dopamine) and larvae could be easily cultured in earthen ponds. However this species exhibits lower growth rates as compared to carps its high expenses could have an important role in economical feasible.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Sistan and Baluchestan province ; Chahnimeh reservoirs ; Chahbahar ; Hamoun fish ; Schizothorax zarudnyi ; Breeding ; Species ; Aquaculture ; Temperature ; Female ; Eggs ; Hormontrapy ; Sperm ; Ovulation ; Larvae ; Fisheries ; Earthen ponds
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    Investigation on feasibility polyculture of Litopenaeus vannamei with Mugil cephalus in earthen shrimp ponds (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25324 | 18721 | 2018-09-12 09:56:53 | 25324 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: This study was conducted in order to optimizing of the biological condition and enhancing of the harvest efficiency for cultured shrimps of Guater site. Experimental design was consisted of three treatments and each treatment with three replications (totally 9 ponds with 600 m^2 area for each pond). After preparing and watering of ponds, the ponds was stocked with shrimp post larves in a density of 0.007±0.001 g (or 20 numbers per m^2) per m^2. After 35 days, the fingerlings of gray mullet were released to shrimp ponds in densities of 0/100 m^2 (T1/), 2/100 m^2 (T2) and 4/100 m^2 (T3). During experiment, the physicochemical parameters of water (temperature, O_2, pH, water transparency and salinity) were measured daily for two times (morning and afternoon). Also, the nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, phosphate and silicate concentrations and BOD5 as well as chlorophyll (a), phytoplanktons and zooplanktons were measured every 15 days one time. To determine the organic values of the bottom sediment of the ponds, monthly sampling was conducted. Health status of shrimps was investigated monthly too. Growth rate, mean weight, survival value, Food conversion ratios (FCR) and total shrimp harvest (Kg) were measured after 107 days rearing in ponds. ANOVA analysis showed significant differences between treatments. The highest (212 Kg, 3533 Kg; weight mean was18.4 g for each shrimp) and lowest (187 Kg, 3116 Kg; weight mean was16.23 g for each shrimp) of harvested shrimps were yielded in T3 and T1 respectively. There was not significant differences between treatments in terms of survival rate (P〉0.05). After 107 days rearing, the highest (1.27 0.2) and lowest (1.2 0.1) of FCR were observed in T_3 and T_1 respectively. Although, there were no significant differences between T_2 and T_3 in ammonia, O_2, Total organic material, pH and BOD5, but, T_2 and T_3 had significant differences with T_1 in these parameters. In this study, 27 genus of phytoplanktons belonged to Diatoms (Bacillariophyceae), blue-green algal (Cyanophyceae) and dinoflagellates (Dinophyceae) were identified. Diatoms with 20 genus had more abundance than dinoflagellates (6 genus) and blue-green algal (1 genus). Also, 7 orders of zooplanktons including copepod, mollusks, nauplius of crustacean and rhizopoda were identified. Health investigation of T1 (without shrimp) showed more pathogenic pollution (parasites and bacteria) than in treatments with shrimp. In this regard, among bacteria, the Vibrio genus (V.Alginoliticus and V.Fluvialis) had more abundance and among parasites zoothamnium sp and Epistylis sp were identified which more abundance was for zoothamnium sp. In conclusion, our results concluded that mixed culturing of white shrimp and grey mullet in optimum densities is possible and is caused more production of shrimp.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Chabahar ; Guater ; Litopenaeus vannamei ; Mugil cephalus ; Mixed culturing ; Polyculture ; Earthen ponds ; Shrimp ; Fingerlings ; Gray mullet ; Temperature ; O2 ; pH ; Water transparency ; Salinity ; Chlorophyll a ; Phytoplanktons ; Zooplanktons ; ANOVA ; Diatoms ; Bacillariophyceae ; Blue-green algae ; Cyanophyceae ; Copepod ; Investigation
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    Identification of white spot syndrome virus in cultured Penaeus indicus by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in I.R. IRAN (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25123 | 18721 | 2018-08-26 13:40:27 | 25123 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: The WSD is the important viral shrimp disease in past decade. The detection of virus in each country was investigated by polymerase chain reaction for sensitivity and accurate. In this research study we collected 23 samples from shrimp suspected to WSD. The DNA from samples collected and extracted and design two kind of primer from VP24 identified in gene bank by DNAsis software. A primer also designs for Housekeeping gene for positive and negative samples in all examined. The results showed the gene colon for wssv is the similar with others and 97% is consistency. The product of PCR was colon in plasmid and confirmed and this plasmid used for internal control.
    Keywords: Health ; Iran ; White spot syndrome virus ; DNA ; Polymerase chain reaction ; WSD ; Viral ; Shrimp ; Samples ; Penaeus indicus ; Polymerase ; WSSV ; Virus
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    Comparative survey of native species culture (Penaeus semisulcatus and Fenneropenaeus indicus) with non-native species (Litopenaeus vannamei) in Hele site of Bushehr province (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25339 | 18721 | 2018-09-14 06:59:46 | 25339 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: The culture of three species green tiger prown (Penaeus semisulcatus) ,white leg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) and Indian white shrimp (Fenneropenaeus indicus) were grown in 7 ponds (0.4 and 0.25 hectare) for 110 days at a stocking density of 25 shrimp/m2 on Hele Research Station. The average of temperature and salinity was 30 degrees centigrade and 46-48 ppt .At the end of the culture mean weights of L.vannamei 18.68±2.6 was higer than the P.semisucatus 7.77±1.49 and F.indicus 14.66 ±2.1 also results demonstrated that there was a significant relation (P〈0.05) between mean weight. Final yield were 3114, 1983 and 848 Kg for L.vannamei, F.indicus and P.semisucatus.The FCR was better for L.vannamei (1.28) than F.indicus (1.48) and P.semisucatus (2.15).
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; L.vanname ; F.indicus ; P.semisucatus ; Mean Weight ; Culture ; Native species ; Green tiger prown ; Penaeus semisulcatus ; Shrimp ; Indian white shrimp ; Temperature ; Salinity ; FCR
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    Efficiency of shrimp trawl nets polyamide and polyethylene with standard mesh in the coastal waters of Bushehr Province (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25346 | 18721 | 2018-09-14 07:15:47 | 25346 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: This study was carried out in August – september 2009 in Bushehr province waters. Two different shrimp bottom trawls were used in which were woven by Poly Amid and Poly Ethylene with mesh sizes (stretched) of 50 mm and sack with 35 mm. Also 2 different vessels of two dhows and one steel ship each with 26 and 30 hauls were used and taken in to comparison from point of obtained results. Total catch of PA and PE trawels were 4592 and 5535 kg of which the ratio of shrimp catch and by catch for PA trawl was 32.4 and 67.6 % respectively; and for PE trawl was 34.2 and 65.8%. Total catch of PA and PE trawls of steel trawler ( ship ) were estimated 3158.0 and 4784.7 kg, respectively, of which the shrimp/ bycatch ratio was 6.6 : 93.4%. There was a higher amount of bycatch for PE comparing to PA trawl (p〈0.05). on the other hand the decrease of shrimp and bycatch for PA comparing to PE dhow trawlers were 21.3 and 15.0% and for ship were 34.6 and 34.0% respectively. The weight ratio is 1:15 i.e . in PE ship trawl, in proportion to on kg shrimp, 15 kg bycatch was harvested. it is proposed to standardize the mesh size and also to do obligtory the instal of squared mesh size panel .
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Iran ; Bushehr Province ; Shrimp ; Poly Amid ; Poly Ethylene ; Weight ratio ; Mesh size ; Obligtory ; Trawling
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    Rearing of Indian craps fries to 1g weight in earthen ponds (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25351 | 18721 | 2018-09-13 12:58:15 | 25351 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: 30000 juvenile Indian majour carps (Labeo Rohita,Cirhinus merigala, Catla catla) imported (2007 and 2008) and transferred to the earthen ponds in Astaneh Fisheries Research Station (Gilan) and Sheiban Resaerch center (Khozestan), In order to assess the viability of rearing fry up to 1 gram fingerlings under the climatic condition of north and south part of Iran . Growth parameters from the larval stage to 1 g were studied also. The fry with 300 mg weight, were released in to 3ponds.specimens were separated to tree experimental categories. fishes were fed with artificial food and also with the natural products of the ponds which were enriched with organic fertilizers, after being equally stocked in the ponds .During the experiment, oxygen level ,PH, turbidity, and temperature were measured . Monthly fry samples were taken, for weight and length biometrical analysis and also determination of the weight gain percentage, average daily growth rate, specific growth rate. Results have indicated adaptations and considerable growth in this species, with an increase from the initial weight of 300 mg to an average of 13.5±1.6 mg in 50 days period until the end of November for fingerlings.Catla was gain 1 g. during 15 day while Roho and Merigal were gain 1 g. during 14 and 10 days respectively. Results revealed that the Indian majour carps compatibility with the condition in Gilan province was succesfull and the combination of species and optimization of their compatibility specialy in other provinces like Sistan and Baluchestan were remind for futhre studies.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Guilan Province ; Astaneh ; Indian carp ; Growth ; Labeo Rohita ; Cirhinus merigala ; Catla catla ; Juvenile ; Earthen ponds ; Fisheries ; Fry ; Fingerlings ; Artificial food ; Oxygen level ; Turbidity ; Fertilizers
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  • 25
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    Investigating and determination exploitation pattern of jinga shrimp (M.affinis) in the Khouzestan Province waters (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25355 | 18721 | 2018-09-14 07:14:41 | 25355 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Study of shrimp stock was carried out from September 2007 to November 2009 in west of Khuzestan coastal waters. In this period, twelve cruises in Life- Buseif (western coastal area) were carried using shrimp trawl net. In Life- Buseif fishing area, the CPUE of total shrimp was the highest (44.2 kg/h) in 21st October 2008. In this area, the highest biomass of total shrimps was in same time (982.4 t). This value was 808.5 t for M. affinis. Maximum mean length of males and females of M.affinis were observed in 4th November 2009 (12.1 & 11.3 cm respectively). Maximum and minimum sex ratio (f:m) of this species was 1.8:1 in 15th November 2008 and 0.6:1 in 3rd November 2008. Relative frequency of shrimp in total catch was observed in November (22.2%). According to the results of this study, shrimp catch season was opened in Life- Buseif from 4th Nov until 24th Dec 2007, from 24th Oct until 14th Dec 2008 and from 27th Oct until 17th Dec 2009.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Iran ; Persian Gulf ; Khuzestan province ; Shrimp ; CPUE ; Jinga Shrimp ; M.affinis ; Stock ; Trawl net ; Length ; Males ; Females
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    Development and storage stability of fish strudel (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25360 | 18721 | 2018-09-14 07:17:12 | 25360 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Awareness of health and nutrition of fish has led the food industry to development of fishery-based ready-to-eat products. In this study seven filling materials based on 60-70 - 80% fish mince from 7 local fish species ‘i.e.’ Talang Queen fish (Scomberoides commersonnianus), oriental sole (Brachirus orientalis), Barred sickle fish (Drepane longimana), Big eye Croaker (Pennahia anea), Japanese threadfin bream (Nemipterus japonicas), javelin grunter (pomadasys kaakan) and Indian mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta) were formulated and applied for developing fish strudels. A 9-point hedonic scale ranging from 1 (extremely dislike) to 9 (extremely like) was used for screening the acceptance of the prototypes. A 3-component D-optimal Mixture Design was also applied to optimize the fish strudel formulation. Preliminary experiments were done to identify the high-impact ingredients, which had a high effect on the sensory quality when their levels (%) were changed. The results indicated that fish strudel containing 60% Talang Queen fish (Scomberoides commersonnianus) mince in the filling materials had significantly higher liking in odor, flavor, and overall acceptability than the other prototypes. So it was selected for quality changes study. Product's characteristics and stability were studied during 6-month storage at -18 °C. The fish strudel packed in a polyethylene sealed bag was stable during the storage period. The peroxide and TVBN values remained low. The results in this paper provide important information for companies planning to develop convenience food from low value fish. Furthermore, development of strudel filled with fish mince/ flesh could be an effective way to enhance nutritional and functional value of such products. The products could be used as a nutritious snack especially for kids which could be a means of increasing fish consumption.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Iran ; Low value fish ; Fish strudel ; Fish mince ; Acceptance test ; Quality changes ; Scomberoides commersonnianus ; Talang Queen fish ; Pennahia anea ; Rastrelliger kanagurta ; Nemipterus japonicas
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  • 27
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    Feasibility study on semiintensive polyculture of chainess and Indian carps in I.R.IRAN (Guilan province) (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25352 | 18721 | 2018-09-14 06:57:48 | 25352 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: 15000 juvenile Indian majour carps (Labeo Rohita,Cirhinus merigala, Catla catla) imported (200 ) and transferred to the earthen ponds in Astaneh Fisheries Research Station , In order to assess the viability of rearing under the climatic condition of north part of Iran and also achieve some growth parameters from the larval stage to market size.The fry with 300 mg weight, were released in to 12 ponds. Specimens were separated to tree experimental categories: 1= (30%indian carp and 70% chinees carp) , 2= (50%indian carp and 50% chinees carp) , 3= (70%indian carp and 30% chinees carp) .single chinees carp production were used as control . fishes were fed with artificial food and also with the natural products of the ponds which were enriched with organic fertilizers, after being equally stocked in the ponds .During the experiment, oxygen level ,PH, turbidity, and temperature were measured. Monthly fry samples were taken, for weight and length biometrical analysis and also determination of the weight gain percentage, average daily growth rate, specific growth rate. Results have indicated adaptations and considerable growth in this species, with an increase from the initial weight of 300 mg to an average of 13.5±1.6 mg in 50 days period until the end of November for fingerlings. Also the average weight of growing phase (second year of production ) was 647g for Labeo Rohita ,420 g. for Cirhinus merigala and 734g for Catla catla. The special growth rate (SGR)in Roho was 4.51 %.and 3.9 % for merigal and6.2 % for Catla while for Chinees carps SGR was 4.9, 6.7, 7.6 and 5.8 for silver carp,grass carp, common carp and big head respectively. Results revealed that the Indian majour carps compatibility with the condition in Gilan province was succesfull and the combination of species and optimization of their compatibility were remind for futhre studies.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Guilan Province ; Astaneh ; Indian carp ; Growth ; Labeo Rohita ; Cirhinus merigala ; Catla catla ; Polyculture ; Juvenile ; Earthen ponds ; Fisheries ; Rearing ; Larval stage ; Fry ; Specimens ; Artificial food ; Fertilizers ; pH ; Turbidity ; Temperature
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    Assessment of different methods of water treatment on decreasing pathogenic bacteria in shrimp hatcheries (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25373 | 18721 | 2018-09-14 07:27:49 | 25373 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: The project of "Assessment of different methods of water treatment on decreasing pathogenic bacteria in shrimp hatcheries" achieved by mean of reviewing the effectiveness of various methods on the water treatment to reduce bacterial load of sea water. The project performed in Bandargah region of Bushehr province in order to checking the effect of different methods on the sea water and bacterial population. This project has been done over a year. In this study a total of 138 samples was collected during seven times and was evaluated as well as 7 treatments. In this study, the comparison of the effect of each factors (sand filter, chlorine, ultra violet ray, chlorine combined with ultra violet ray) was analyzed on the sea water by means of disinfection. During this study, other environmental factors such as water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH and salinity was measured till we can ensure that they don’t have any negative impact on the treatments. Results showed that the density of total bacteria in sea water (Control) was averagely 5187 CFU/ml, this was done while the total density of bacteria in the sea water, reservation pool sample, sand filter water, water that irradiated with ultraviolet rays, chlorinated water and the water that was influenced by both chlorine and ultra violet ray was respectively 5187 2137, 4449 2042, 2782 1335, 1164 692, 143 104, 87 76 CFU/ml. Therefore, reservation pool, sand filter, ultra violet ray, chlorine, chlorine-ultra violet ray each of them was reduce respectively 14, 46, 77, 97, 98 percent of the density of total bacteria or in other words they reduced 0.06, 0.27, 0.65, 1.56, 1.77 log of the total population of bacteria in water. Moreover, the results from the total count of vibrios showed that reservation pool, sand filter, ultra violet ray, chlorine, chlorine-ultra violet ray each of them was reduce respectively 17, 47, 74, 98, 99 percent of the density of total vibrios or in other words they reduced respectively 0.08, 0.27, 0.59, 1.66, and 1.95 log of the total population of vibrios in sea water. Also the bacteria that isolated from each treatment were identified with the use of biochemical methods that totally were includes a wide range of bacteria, the identified vibrios were: Vibrio alginolyticus, V. costicola, V. fischeri, V. fluvialis I, V. fluvialis II, V. harveyi, V. natriegens, V. nigripulchritudo, V. parahaemolyticus, V. plagius I, V. vulnificus, V. anguilarum I, V. campbellii, V. nereis, V. proteolyticus, V. splendidus, and Unknown V. spp. Other identified bacteria belonging to the following genus: Acinetobacter, Aeromonas, Alcaligenes, Bacillus, Borkholderia, Eschricia, Enteroacter, Flavobacterium, Micococcus, Proteus, Pseudomonas, Serratia, Staphaphylococcus, Streptococcus, and Unknown Bacteria spp. By comparing the results, we concluded that the best result was related to treatment that the sea water had been disinfected after the combined effects of chlorine and ultraviolet ray. It was determined that this process in compared with other treatments, had been reduced the total number of bacteria, the total number of Vibrios, the number of sucrose fermentative vibrios, and the number of non-sucrose fermentative vibrios respectively 98, 99, 98, 99 percent. In other words, the number of bacteria was reduced respectively 1.77, 1.94, 1.82, 2.23 log. So in this study, the applied method was introduced as the most effective way of disinfecting sea water. Meanwhile, none of pathogenic bacteria for shrimp including Vibrio harveyi was isolated by using this treatment. Comparing the results showed that the combined effects of chlorine and ultraviolet radiation is the most effective applied method for disinfecting sea water.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Bushehr province ; Bandargah region ; Shrimp ; Water treatment ; Sea Dissolved oxygenwater ; Bacteria ; Hatchery ; Assessment ; Population ; Temperature
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    The study on possibility of fish soup powder production from different fish species in Sistan O blochestan Province, Chabahar (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25361 | 18721 | 2018-09-14 07:10:40 | 25361 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Fish soup powder is produced from three kinds of fish in Chabahar catched in Oman sea white flesh of many low value fish like threadfin bream, perches etc. can be used to prepare instant fish soup powder. This product has a high consumer acceptability in many countries in this research project we used 4 low value fishes with local name of Sarm, Chaman, Aroos and Talal belonging to families Carangidea, Lethrinidea, Drepanidae and Scombroidea. soup powder packed in laminated pouches and the shelf life of it is one year in ambient temperatures. The quality used to be good up to 6 month but after this time the quality decreases gradually. The experiment on fish soup showed that the percentage of protein was 32 percent, fat 11 percent and humidity 12 percent and ash 4 percent. The experiment conducted on fish soup powder was peroxide, total microbial count, organoleptic test for 6 month.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Iran ; Oman sea ; Sistanblochestan province ; Chabahar ; Fish Soup Powder ; Species ; Fish ; Threadfin bream ; Carangidea ; Lethrinidea ; Drepanidae ; Scombroidea ; Temperature ; Protein ; Microbial count
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    Biomass estimation of demersal resources in the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea by swept area method (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25383 | 18721 | 2018-09-14 07:42:31 | 25383 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Regarding to monitor of demersal resources in the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea, and also biomass and CPUA estimation of them, eleven research cruises were carried out by using R/V Ferdows-1 equipped with bottom trawl, covering the area from 49º 00´ E in the west (borderline with Kuwait) to 61º 25´E in the east (borderline with Pakistan) from 2009 to 2011. The study area was stratified into 17 strata (A to Q) of which 10 strata (A to J) were in the Persian Gulf and 7 strata (K to Q) were in the Oman Sea, covering the depths of 10-50 m in the Persian Gulf and 10-100 m in the Oman Sea. A total of 316 stations were randomly selected and the biomass and CPUA were estimated by swept area method. In 2009, due to the bloom of jellyfish, there was some problem for sampling and therefore made some bias in our estimation. Therefore, the biomass of jellyfish was excluded from all calculations. The comparison between two regions indicated that the percentage of density of demersal fishes in the Persian Gulf during years 2009, 2010 and 2011 were 1.5, 3.7 and 1.7 times more than the Oman Sea and totally 60-80% of total biomass was found for the Persian Gulf. Also a comparison among 17 strata the highest biomass was found for K region (Sirik to Jask) in the Oman Sea in 2009 & 2011; and C & D regions (Genaveh to Dayyer) in 2010 in the Persian Gulf. The same comparison was done for CPUA of commercial, non-commercial and total in both water bodies and it was found that in years 2009 and 2011 the regions of L (Jask to Meidani) and K (Sirik to Jask) in the Oman ; and 2010 the G region (Mogham to Farour) in the Persian Gulf had the highest value of this parameter. It can be concluded that the north-west of the Oman Sea has the best condition of biomass and CPUA of commercial and non-commercial demersal fishes; and on the contrary the low values were estimated for A region (north-west of the Persian Gulf) and P region (Konarak to Ramin) in the Oman Sea. With review the mean CPUA in defferent depth layers for years 2009, 2010 and 2011, it was concluded that with increasing the depth, the mean CPUA is decreased and the lowest CPUA belongs to depths of 50-100 m. The comparison between commercial and non-commercial groups in both ecosystems, it concluded that the density of commercial species were higher than non-commercial ones; and for years 2009, 2010 and 2011 the commercial species consist of 52.2, 57.1 and 59.7 % of total biomass. In all years the Persian Gulf indicated higher values than the Oman Sea. The most abundant fishes were Rays, Catfishes, Grunts, Japanese threadfin bream, Carangids, Hair tail, Barracuda and Lizardfish for both Persian Gulf and Oman Sea.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Iran ; Persian Gulf ; Oman Sea ; Sirik ; Jask ; Bandar Genaveh ; Commercial fishes ; Non-commercial fishes ; Biomass ; Catch per unit of area ; CPUA ; Sampling ; Density ; Species ; Catfishes ; Grunts ; Japanese threadfin bream ; Carangids ; Hair tail ; Barracuda ; Lizardfish
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    Recognition of fishes in rivers and basin of Qom (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25143 | 18721 | 2018-08-26 16:50:02 | 25143 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: This study was carried out on rivers, basins & qanat of Qom region during the 1376-1378and Fish samples were taken from 2 permanent rivers (Qomrood ,Ghara_chag)& from some seasonal ones (Tagharood, Zavarian, Vesva, Biraghan). Also local fishes was followed in 100 qanats in the region and Random fish sampling was done in permanent river extension out of province. This study aimed to recognize different fish species in the province water reservoir and estimating the fisheries potential in the province. For fish sampling nets such as mashk, salik, hook and hand tailored were used. Electroshoker was not used at all. Results of fish recognition showed that fish samples belong to 12 species & 4 family of "cyprinidae", "Balitoridae", "cyprinodontidae" and "poecilidae".The qanat fishes of the montain (kahak, Khagestan) and pastora area (Ghanavat,jafarabad) included by two families of "cyprinid", "Balitoridea".In some qanat which were connected to rivers more species of fish and anotherAquatic animal were observed & sampled.At the and map of geographical distribution of local fishes was planned.
    Keywords: Biology ; Iran ; Qom province ; Qomrood ; Ghara_chag ; Tagharood ; Fish ; Samples ; Species ; Fisheries ; Electroshoker ; Cyprinidae ; Balitoridae ; Cyprinodontidae ; Poecilidae ; Aquatic ; Recognation
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    Shrimp culture, Litopenaeus vannamei in the closed recirculation system (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25400 | 18721 | 2018-09-20 12:09:36 | 25400 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: The project carried out at Shrimp Research station of Bandargah in 2011 to determine the production parameters such as; Average body weight, production, survival and feed conversion ratio in closed- recirculating aquaculture system for shrimp culture. This project was performed in 4 m3 fiberglass tanks. 3 tanks was chosen for the control and 3 were assigned to treatments. Considered Species in this treatment was white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) that with a density of 60 pieces per square meter, and was reared for 90 days. Culture in control as usual and change water regularly, but the treatments did not change water during the period of culture. Water in the treatment tanks was going to turn the filter system and waste was removed by mechanical and coal filter embedded in the route, and after filtering was transferred to the wastewater tank. Wastewater was aerated in this tank and after 24 hours was pumped out and return to treatments tanks. In the final of project, mean weight, survival rate and production for control and treatment, was respectively, 18.27 ± 2.84 and 20.70 ± 1.47 g, 73.83 ± 4.14 and 77.17± 13.66 percent, and 0.81 ± 0.14 and 0.97 ± 0.23 kg/m^2. Statistical analysis results show that there are no significant differences found between treatments and control (P〉 0.05), although in all the above criteria, the relative improvement was achieved to compared of control. But the results of feed conversion ratio was 1.27 ± 0.16 for treatments that are significantly different (P 〈0.05) with controls (1.56 ± 0.23). This result showed that efficiency of the food was better in closed- recirculating shrimp culture system.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Bandargah ; Shrimp ; Culture ; Litopenaeus vannamei ; Weight ; Survival rate ; Species ; Feeding
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    Potential estimation and exploitation of large pelagics in the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25137 | 18721 | 2018-08-26 16:54:02 | 25137 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: In order to come up with the responsible fishing pattern, there was a need to identify some of the biological characteristics and population dynamic parameters of yellowfin tuna, skipjack and longtail tuna in the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea. Occurrence of empty stomach was high in all the specimens obtained from the gill net fisheries. Purple back flying squid was the most dominant prey species observed in the yellowfin tuna study (61% in males and 57% in females). The length of maturity (Lm50%) for yellowfin tuna was estimated 76 cm, 62.5 cm skipjack and 62.5 cm longtail tuna. Length range of skipjack was from 31-100 cm and bony fishes were the most dominant prey species observed in the skipjack. The monthly gonad somatic index was driven higher values after June which could be indicated as spawning period. The catch per unit of effort of three purse seiners (Azadegan 1, 2, 3) was compared in 1998- 2000. The species composition was 47% yellowfin tuna, 51% long tail tuna and 2% skipjack.
    Keywords: Biology ; Iran ; Persian Gulf ; Oman Sea ; Pelagics ; Biological characteristics ; Population ; Yellowfin tuna ; Skipjack ; Longtail tuna ; Specimens ; Gill Net ; Fisheries ; Purple back flying squid ; Species ; Maturity ; Length ; Gonad Somatic Index ; Spawning ; Estimation ; Potential
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    Ecological study in ponds of Litopenaeus vannamei (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25449 | 18721 | 2018-09-25 10:55:44 | 25449 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: This study has carried out on five earth ponds of Litopenaeus vannamei shrimps investigation and Mahan Siraf farm s which located at Helleh site in the Bushehr province from may 2007. main objectives’ were: (1) Measurements of quality factors in water and sediment, Planktons and benthoses, (2) quality factors’ effects on growth and survival of Litopenaeus vannamei. With respect the time of shrimp stocking and harvesting, the frequencies of water and sediment sampling were done per 10 day and once per month, respectively. both sediment sampling of the pond beds have done before and after harvesting. The measured factors in the water ponds were: pH, salinity, dissolved oxygen, transparency, temperature (Twice a day in the morning and the afternoon), chlorophyll-a, nitrate, nitrite, orthophosphate, iron, biochemical oxygen demand, TSS, TDS, Planktons. The parameters (pH, total organic matter, iron) were measured in sediment. The measurement of grain size has done in two times (before and after harvesting). Independent variables including nitrate, Ammonia, orthophosphate, iron and chlorophyll-a had significant correlations with shrimp weights as dependent variable. Nitrate showed the highest correlation with the shrimp weights (r=0.921). overall correlation of fifth most important factors with the shrimp weights, namely nitrate, orthophosphate, Ammonia, iron and chlorophyll-a was estimated to r=0.999. The results show low concentration of the essential nutrient such as phosphate and nitrate, high concentration of ammonia, undesirable’s transparency, and a great amount of clay in pond beds. On the basis of above description, required to renewing management in fertilizing, feedings, liming qualities of the bed.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Iran ; Litopenaeus vannamei ; Investigation ; Shrimp ; Salinity ; Ponds
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    The use of modified atmosphere packaging for improvement shelf life of fresh Oncorhynchus mykiss (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25168 | 18721 | 2018-08-26 17:35:37 | 25168 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: In this study, influence of modified atmosphere packaging on shelf life of trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) (whole fish without visceral and without head and tail fish) stored in 4 to 6ºc was examined. Fish stored in MAP condition and control samples, in different time, were tested for spoilage chemical factors (TVN, PV and pH), microbial parameters (total viable count, clostridium botulinum) and sensory factors too. Mixed gases including co2 (30-50%), N2 (40-65%) and o2 (0 to 20%) were used for trout (without head and tail =6 treatments) and (whole fish without visceral and control = 2 treatments) statistical the analysis results showed that examined factors were significant difference during storage (P〈0.001). Mixed gases haven t had inhibitory effect on spoilage factors (chemical and microbial parameters). However spoilage process was delayed. Increasing of chemical and microbial changes in control samples was higher than treatment samples especially TVN. The results also showed that shelf life of control samples stored 4-6ºc were between 6-12 days but in MAP samples were 19 days. Mixed gases including CO2 (40%), N2 (55%) and O2 (5%) were the best formula and the shelf life of fish (without head and tail) was 16 days where it was 19 days in whole fish (Lack of visceral). The results showed that storage of trout in MAP condition facilities storage and increasing of fish shelf life too.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Iran ; Oncorhynchus mykiss ; Modified Atmosphere Packaging ; Shelflife ; Rainbow trout ; Samples ; pH ; Microbial parameters ; CO2 ; N2 ; O2
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    Investigation of the influence of different level of plant protein (30, 50 and 70 percent) in Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp diet, with 38 percent protein (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25160 | 18721 | 2018-08-26 17:37:21 | 25160 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: The influence of different percent’s of plant protein (30, 50 and 70) in the diet of white leg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) with 38 percent protein, in comparison with a commercial shrimp diet (Fenneropenaeus indicus) with 39 percent protein (contain20 percent plant protein) was studied. Initial weight of shrimp was 10±1 gram. The average increase of shrimp weight in the end of culture period in experimental treatment 1 (contain 30 percent plant protein and 70 percent animal protein), 5.89±0.06 gram, experimental treatment 2 (contain 50 percent plant protein and 50 percent animal protein), 6.22±0.25 gram, experimental treatment 3 (contain 70 percent plant protein and 30 percent animal protein) 6/19±0/24 gram and in the control treatment (contain 20 percent plant protein and 80 percent animal protein) 6/42±0/40 were measured. Generally in the study of influence of experimental diets and control diet on the growth rate(GR), food conversion rate (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), specific growth rate (SGR), average daily gain (ADG), demonstrate that, mentioned parameters in the control treatment is better than experimental treatments. But no significant difference measured between them (p〉0/05). Also results showed that, application of diets contain 50 percent of plant protein (with 22 percent soybean meal), and 70 percent of plant protein (with 72 percent soybean meal), can decrease costs of diet preparation and therefore shrimp production.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Bushehr Province ; Plant protein ; Litopenaeus vannamei ; Diets ; Growth indexes ; Shrimp ; Litopenaeus vannamei ; Fenneropenaeus indicus ; Growth Rate ; Protein ; Investigation ; Influence
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    Research on determining of mesh size standard for beach seine fishery cooperatives to boost sustainable bony-fish fishery in southern Caspian Sea (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25169 | 18721 | 2018-08-26 17:43:57 | 25169 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Bony fish stocks are being legally utilized by 134 fishing cooperatives in the Iranian side of the Caspian Sea mainly through beach seine. This fishing method has been invariantly used over the past. Fifty years with actually no alteration or technical modifications in the fishing nets despite the substantial changes in the quality & quantity of bony fish resources. Based on the data obtained from the stock assessment project for bony fish, the amount of premature or young fish (substandard size) caught during the past decade has been far greater than those of authorized fish size and even the figures for certain species suggest heavy over fishing to such an extent that in the case of frisii kutum, there has been a reduction by 50% in the overall kutum landings. Thus in order to modify the technical design of the fishing with a view to alleviate the catch of non-standard fish and whereby prevent over fishing by beach seine, it seems imperative therefore to launch a biometric study on bony fish stocks particularly the two intended fish species namely Rutilus frisii kutum and mullet which would involve identification of their standard weight and length using pertinent mathematical equations as well as determining proper mesh size of the code-end and other parts of the nets & consequently the H. R, d/a coefficients. The operations related to project were carried out in the "Inland Aquaculture Research Institute" net mating plant and beach seine site in Anzali during 2005-7 which aimed at designing and constructing standardized beach seines and comparing the fishing performance & yields with those of ordinary beach seine nets under equal conditions with a ratio of 3:1. The results concerning the quality and quantity of fish caught during a whole fishing cycle were recorded in the related data forms. The statistical analysis consisting the comparison of the quality of fishing performance in both the experimental and control beach seine nets was made using T. student and excel, spss 12 software packages. The results indicated that the reduction in the amount of non-standard fish caught in standardized beach seine net (the experimental net) was meaningfully different from that of the ordinary (control) net showing the superior fishing performance of the former. The catch level of non-standard R.frisii kutum decreased from 67.1% in the control beach seine net down to 7.1% in the standardized beach seine net and these figures for mullet were 29.98% and 1.1% respectively. Based on the results obtained and considering the apparent superiority of the experimental net in catching greater number of mature fish and less number of premature or non-standard sized fish, the use of this modified beach seine net can be proposed to Iranian fisheries organization as a viable alternative to the traditional beach seine nets.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Iran ; Caspian Sea ; Anzali ; Beach seine net ; Rutilus frisii kutum ; Mullet ; Standard sized fish ; Non-standard sized fish ; Bony fish ; Fishing ; Stock assessment ; R.frisii kutum
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    Study and research on the fishing gears in northern waters of Persian Gulf (Khuzestan Province Coastal Waters) (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25485 | 18721 | 2018-10-05 07:01:40 | 25485 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Study and research on the fishing gears in northern waters of Persian Gulf (Khuzestan Province Coastal Waters) was carried out from March 2009 to February 2010. Sampling was done for trawl in summer and autumn, for purse seine in autumn and for gillnet and trap in all seasons. The average of total catch was in trawl 167.9 1.06 kg. The rate of bycatch in ± 207.89 and trap 1.66 ±270.17, gillnet 275.86 ± 48.4, purse seine 1795.6 ± trawl net was 87 percent, purse seine net 30.49 percent, gill net 70 percent and trap 6.19 percent. In this study, the number of bycatch species in trawl net are 38 species, gill net 36 species, trap 10 species and purse seine net 4 species. The result of two way ANOVA test in trawl net between bycatch and time, and between bycatch and place showed non-significant differences (p〉0.05, f=0.3) (p〉0.05, f=0.9). The result of two way ANOVA test in gillnet between bycatch and time, showed significant (p〈0.05, f=14.7), and between bycatch and place showed non-significant (p〉0.05, f=1.8). The result of two way ANOVA test in trap between bycatch and time and between bycatch and place was non-significant (p〉0.05, f=0.5). According to the result, rate of bycatch of trawl net is higher than other gear, so control and manage of bycatch in trawl is most important.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Iran ; Persian Gulf ; Khuzestan Province ; Bycatch ; Fishing gear ; Net ; Trawl ; Gillnet ; Purse seine ; Trap ; CPUE ; Coastal waters
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    (Fenneropenaeus indicus) study on protozoa emerging diseases of shrimp (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25494 | 18721 | 2018-10-05 07:36:19 | 25494 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Certain diseases such as bacterial , viruses, parasirtic ones Protozoa parasites Could severe mortalities in farmed shrimp last decades. Two hundred and seventy Fenneropenaeus indicus with the weight of 10± 1.09 were selected, transferred to Iran Shrimp Center and distributed to the treatmentsand controls (3 groups). The objective of our study was to describe the signs, prevalence, and intensity of Hemocytosis, a new disease in shrimp, Fenneropenaeus indicus. The experimental design included three groups, one treatment as infected shrimp or group B and 2 controls with non-infected but exposure to White Spot Syndrom Virus (WSSV) shrimp as group A and non-infected non- exposure to WSSV shrimp as group C in triplicate. The results revealed that Hemocytosis associated with a decrease in hyalinocytes and large-granulocytes (less than 8%) and a considerable increase in semi-granulocytes in group A and B in contrast to group C that Hyalinocyte increased. This infection made the shrimp susceptible to WSSV disease. It is believed that Hemocytosis causes a condition which can result in a rapid mortality among susceptible species, F. indicus when exposure to WSSV is occurred.
    Keywords: Health ; Iran ; White Spot Syndrome Virus ; Fenneropenaeus vannemai ; Challenge ; Protozoa ; Shrimp ; Fenneropenaeus indicus ; Bacterial ; Parasites ; Mortalities ; Hemocytosis ; Hyalinocyte ; Species ; F.indicus
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    Investigation on seafood business in Islamic Republic of Iran (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25506 | 18721 | 2018-10-05 07:29:35 | 25506 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Seafood business is one of the important subjects in fishery activation. It is covered a wide range of fishery activation from the fishing to the table. The fishery production success is depending to the many factors. Without considering the market conditions and suitable trading the fishery activations are not commercial. Therefore considering to the different subjects is necessary. This project is one of the road map seafood processing plans. The aim of this project was to study of the world fishery production, world fish processing, marketing and fish production and treading in Iran by using current different information.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Iran ; Fishery ; Road map ; Seafood
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    Comparing evaluation of pin bone machinery in the Silver Carp fillet (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25178 | 18721 | 2018-09-03 14:20:19 | 25178 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Pin bone removing is a new equipment for pin-bone removal increase customer satisfaction and revenue even further the bones were pulled out at good speed. Pin boning especially is very often done manually which causes lots of global transports to low cost countries for processing new technique will help make processing operations more efficient and profitable The new generation pin bone removing equipment is mainly for trout and is not suitable for carp fishes the new pin bone remover which works with air of compressor and hand. has proved to work in almost twenty different fish species, including Great silver smelt, Pike Perch, Coho, Sockeye salmon, Atlantic Salmon, Sea Trout, Saithe, Haddock, Herring, Whitefish, Chinook, Salmon, Perch, Rainbow Trout, Char, Mackerel and Hake. Therefore it will be suitable for carp fishes too. After a day’s work all vital parts can be removed by hand without any tools, for effective cleaning to the fish and gives nice looking filets and is determined to help processors by offering state of the art bone-removing equipment which will increase speed, yield and efficiency. But pin bone removing done manually does not give a nice looking fillet also has a considerable waste of fish.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Iran ; Silver Carp ; Fillet ; Bone ; Generation ; Species ; Pike Perch ; Coho ; Sockeye salmon ; Atlantic salmon ; Whitefish ; Rainbow Trout ; Evaluation ; Great silver smelt
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    Study on effects of Beta-glucan & extraction of Sargassum & Padina algae in prevention and treatment of WSD in Fenneropenaeus indicus (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25179 | 18721 | 2018-09-03 17:23:17 | 25179 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: In this study two species of algae, Sargassum glaucescens and Padina boergeseni that found plenteously in Persian Gulf and Bushehr coast, were collected and hot water extracts of them were lyophilized. F. indicus (11.32±1.20 g), after two weeks adaptation in Shoghab research station were immersed in seawater (39 ppt and 25±1 ○C) containing hot-water extract of each brown algae, S.glaucescens and P.boergeseni, at 100, 300 and 500 mg/l concentration, Survival rate and immunological parameters (total haemocyte count (THC), total plasma protein (TPP), Phagocytic activity, bacterial clearance efficiency and bactericidal activity) were examined. In addition effect of dietary administration of beta 1, 3 1, 6 glucan on prevention of White Spot Disease and immunological parameters of shrimp were investigated. According to results, immersion in seawater containing 300 and 500 mg/l concentration of algal hot-water extract after 2 and 3 hours or oral administration of beta 1,3 1,6 glucan at level of 10 g/kg diet for 14 days significantly enhanced THC, TPP, Phagocytic activity, bacterial clearance efficiency and bactericidal activity. Immersion in seawater containing 100, 300 and 500 mg/l hot-water extract of S.glaucescens after 3 hours, improved the survival rate of WSSV-infected F. indicus.
    Keywords: Biology ; Chemistry ; Iran ; Persian Gulf ; Bushehr Province ; Beta-glucan ; Sargassum ; Padina algae ; WSD ; Fenneropenaeus indicus ; Species ; Algae ; Brown Algae ; S.glaucescens ; P.boergeseni ; Survival rate ; White Spot Disease ; Shrimp
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    Preliminary cultivation of silver bream (Sparidentexhasta) in earthen pond using available artificial fish feed in Chowibdeh site-Abadan southern Iran (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25183 | 18721 | 2018-09-03 17:12:18 | 25183 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Possibility of rearing silver bream (Sparidentex hasta) in the earthen pond was experimented using 2 types of available artificial trout feed (FFT and GFT1). The experiment was carried out in 2 phases in Shahid-Kiani Extension Shrimp Farm in Chowibdeh Shrimp Site-Abadan Southern Iran, and earthen ponds with 0.25 ha. Area were used for both phases of the study. Juvenile fish of 3.2 g initial weight with the density of 9324 ind./ha. Were stocked for 196 days in the first phase. The initial weight, stocking density and rearing period of the fish in the second phase were 108.60 g, 9800 ind./ha. And 237 days respectively. Maximum amount of WG, FCR, PER and SVR of the fish in the first phase of the study were 100.12 g, more than 6, 0.38 and 55.32% respectively. WG and SR of the fish in the second phase respectively were 417 g and 20.74%. The Salinity of pond water was in the range between 9 and 22 ppt, and the water temperature was between 8.3 ֯C (mid December morning) and 34.8 ֯C (early Sep.....
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Abadan ; Chowibdeh ; Cultuation ; Silver Bream ; Sparidentexhasta ; Earthen Pond ; Artificial feed ; Rearing ; Shrimp ; Juvenile ; Weight ; Density ; Temperature
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    Production of oil enriched fish sausage by using emulsion technology and additives to adapt taste, colour and texture (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25188 | 18721 | 2018-09-03 17:21:36 | 25188 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Fish sausages were made from minced fish meat and additives using dehydrogenated vegetable oil and fish oil. Four experimental groups were studied; Group 1 with 65% minced fish meat and 12% soybean oil, Group 2 with 65% minced fish meat and 12% olive oil, Group 3 with 65% minced fish meat and a mixture of 6% fish oil and 6% soybean oil, and Group 4 with 65% minced fish meat and 11.3% corn oil and 0.7% cod liver oil. In all the experimental groups the fish was first headed, the entrails removed and then washed and cut into small pieces. The fish pieces were then put in the meat extractor where the skin and bones were separated from the meat. The minced fish meat was rinsed with clean water and the water was let to drain. The additives for each experimental group were then blended with the minced meat and the mixture was filled in the sausage casings. The stuffed sausage casings were then placed in containers and put in a room to cook. After cooking the sausages were packed and stored in the refrigerator. The quality of the product was tested (chemical, microbial and organoleptic) from phase zero through the entire experimental period which lasted 30 days. Based on the results obtained it was evident that sausages in the experimental Group 1 showed better taste and flavor as compared to those in the other groups.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Iran ; Minced fish meat ; Sausage ; Vegetable oil ; Fish oil ; Additives ; Microbial ; Organoleptic ; Emulsion ; Colour ; Texture
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    A survey on health status of marine fish in Bandar-e-Imam station (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25189 | 18721 | 2018-09-03 17:16:20 | 25189 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Mariculture is one of the most important sub sector fisheries industry in Asia-pacific region. There are over 40 marine fish species commonly cultured, such as groupers (Epinephlus spp.), snappers (Lutjanus spp.) and Asian sea bass (Lattes calcarifer). But this industry in Southeast Asia experienced serious disease problem since the late 1980s. Khouzestan province has a coastal line about 200 km with many Creek and suitable area for Mariculture. Marine fish culture in Khouzestan province in floating net cages was successfully initiated in Ghazaleh Creek following development of Epinephlus coioides artificial seed production in the 1372. This study has been conducted since 1384 to 1387 in Bandar-e-Imam station. The aim of this research project was to determine the health management status in cage and hatchery, identification of marine fish pathogens (Bacteria, Fungi and parasite), examination of heavy metal in cages sediment and test the physico chemical factors of water in cages and hatchery. Different parts of broodstocks body and fingerlings including intestine, gills and body surface were examined. In this study, 18 Genus and species of bacteria such as Vibrio alginolyticus, Vibrio anguillarum, Vibrio splendidus, Vibrio vulnificus, Plesiomonas shigelloides, Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas caviae, Pseudomonas sp. were diagnosed. Also 7 Genus and species of fungi such as: Aspergillus Niger, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Penicillium sp. And Fusarium sp. Were isolated. In this survey following of disease appearance parasites such as; protozoans Amyloodinium sp. And Trichodina sp. In E.coioides and Acanthopagrus latus and Sparidentex hasta, monogean such as Benedenia sp. In E.coioides and S. hasta, isopoda probably Nerocila sp. In nasal cavity of E.coioides and copepods such as: Caligus sp. And Lernanthropus sp. In A.latus and S.hasta were identified. In this study, microorganisms (bacteria, fungi and parasites) isolated from three different marine fishes species, were reported for the first time in Iran. The range of the physico-chemical parameters of water in cages were: DO (5.42-10.24 ppm), BOD5 (1.51-10.24 ppm), No_2 (0.0197-0.89 ppm), No_3 (3.53-11.93 ppm), Po_4 (0.965-6.05 ppm), turbidity (4-58 NTU) and ammonia (0.0008-0.03 ppm). According to the results parameters such as nitrate, nitrite and turbidity were found more than standard levels. Heavy metals: Ni and Pb relatively high observed.
    Keywords: Biology ; Iran ; Khouzestan province ; Bandar-e-imam ; Mariculture ; Fisheries ; Species ; Epinephlus spp. ; Lutjanus spp. ; Lattes calcarifer ; Bacteria ; Fungi ; Parasite ; Aspergillus niger ; Aspergillus flavus ; Aspergillus fumigatus ; Penicillium sp. ; Fusarium sp. ; Vibrio alginolyticus ; Vibrio anguillarum ; Vibrio splendidus ; Vibrio vulnificus ; Plesiomonas shigelloides ; Aeromonas hydrophila ; Aeromonas caviae ; Pseudomonas sp. ; Grouper ; Snapper ; Sea bass
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    Stock assessment of the bony fishes in Iranian coastal waters of the Caspian Sea (2005-2007) (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25192 | 18721 | 2018-09-05 16:01:12 | 25192 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Exploitation of bony fishes resources started on 12 October 2005 and finished on 9 April 2006 in 2005-2006. 142 beach seines caught about 14333.4 tons of bony fishes by 47101 hauling. The total catch was estimated 21844.7 tones (Includes illegal fishery). Kutum, mullets and common carp comprised more than 97 percent of total catch. Length classes 39-40, 31-32 and 40-41 cm predominated for kutum, golden grey mullet and common carp, respectively. Age groups 3 to 5 year comprised 84.2, 74.8 and 83.7 percent for Kutum, golden grey mullet and common carp, respectively and age group 4 year was dominant with 42.0, 35.9 and 43.0 percent, respectively. K value and L_∞ calculated 0.26 (/year) and 58.3 cm for Kutum and 0.15 (/year) and 61.5 cm for golden grey mullet, respectively. The total biomass and MSY estimated about 24733.7 and 8550.4 tones for kutum and about 16948.0 and 4999.0 tones for golden grey mullet, respectively. Exploitation rate (E) calculated 0.71 and 0.70 for Kutum and golden grey mullet, respectively. In 2006-2007, the exploitation of bony fishes resources started on 12 October 2006 and finished on 7 April 2007 in 2006-2007. 134 beach seines caught about 14120.0 tons of bony fishes by 48470 hauling. The total catch was estimated 23801.8 tones (Includes illegal fishery). Kutum, mullets and common carp comprised more than 98.5 percent of total catch. Length classes 39-40 and 38-39 cm predominated for kutum and common carp, respectively and length classes 27-28 and 29-30 cm predominated for golden grey mullet. Age groups 3 to 5 year comprised 80.2 and 71.8 percent for kutum and golden grey mullet, respectively and age groups 4 to 6 year comprised 71.8 percent for common carp. Age group 3, 4 and 5 year was dominant with 35.5, 32.1 and 27.1 percent for kutum, golden grey mullet and common carp respectively. K value and L∞ calculated 0.27 (/year) and 60.7 cm for Kutum, 0.2 (/year) and 58.4 cm for golden grey mullet and 0.19 (/year) and 66.7 cm for common carp, respectively. The total biomass and MSY estimated about 46654.9 and 14801.4 tones for Kutum, about 19549.0 and 5748.4 tones for golden grey mullet and about 10584.3 and 2186.0 tones for common carp, respectively. Exploitation rate (E) calculated 0.69, 0.53 and 0.52 for kutum, golden grey mullet and common carp, respectively.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Iran ; Caspian Sea ; Bony fishes ; Kuttum ; Golden grey mullet ; Growth and mortality parameters ; Biomass ; MSY ; Common carp ; Coastal waters
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    Biological survey on small pelagic fishes (sardine & anchovy) stocks in coastal waters of Hormuzgan province (Qeshm Island & Bandar Lengeh) with emphasis on sea surface temperature, plankton distribution and chlorophyll-a (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25198 | 18721 | 2018-09-05 16:25:43 | 25198 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Investigation on small pelagic fishes in the north of the Persian Gulf (Qeshm Island and Bandar Lengeh) coastal waters during October 2006 to September 2008, illustrated that 6 sardine and 2 anchovy species were locally existed. Sind sardinella (Sardinella sindensis) and Buccaneer anchovy (Encrasicholina punctifer) were dominated in this area. The peak of sexual maturity for Sind sardinella and Buccaneer anchovy occurred in spring and summer respectively. Reproduction period for Sind sardinella was from the middle of winter to late spring, and Buccaneer anchovy encompassed reproduction capacity all the year. The female: male ratio was calculated 1:0.7 and 1:0.9 for Sind sardinella, 1:1.27 and 1:1 for Buccaneer anchovy in Qeshm Island and Bandar lengeh sequentially. The mean of absolute fecundity were estimated 16234 and 16168 for Sind sardinella, 1277 and 1141 for Buccaneer anchovy in Qeshm Island and Bandar Lengeh respectively. L_M50 and L_C50 were calculated and the results showed both species mainly caught before length of maturity, and the mass populations have not sufficient opportunity to reproduction. Both species were planktonivore, theirs food prefect mainly consisted of copepods, naplius and bivalves. Vacuity index indicated both spices were semi-voracious appetite fishes. Based on calculated length-weight relationships in S. sindensis and E. punctifer, they have isometric growth. Growth parameters were estimated, the results illustrated that they were growth fast and short live species, which suggested S. sardinella and E. punctifer have 3 and 2 years maximum life span respectively. The recruitment pattern indicated double recruitment peaks per year in both species. Annually, four cohorts were distinguished in Sind sardinella and 3 cohorts in Buccaneer anchovy. Total mortality (Z), natural mortality (M) and fishing mortality (F) were estimated in both species, and the values of exploitation ratio (0.78 & 0.74) in Sind sardinella and (0.72 & 0.41) in Buccaneer anchovy were reasonable for current fishing effort due their short life span. Analysis of the results showed that CPUE in sardine and anchovy affected by reproduction and feeding processes. Results showed significant correlation between sardine CPUE and Sardine GaSI (P〈0.05, r= 0.499), similarly between anchovy CPUE and anchovy GSI (P〈0.05, r=-0.635). Further, significant correlation between sea surface temperature with sardine CPUE (P〈0.05, r=0.493), phytoplankton distribution (P〈0.01, r=0.560), anchovy GSI (P〈0.05, r=0.526), anchovy GaSI (P〈0.05, r=-0.500) and chlorophyll a (P〈0.01, r=0.780). Phytoplankton distribution with sardine GSI (P〈0.05, r=0.453), zooplankton distribution with anchovy GSI (P〈0.05, r=0.671), and chlorophyll with sardine GSI (P〈0.01, r=0.761) have significant correlation.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Iran ; Persian Gulf ; Qeshm Island ; Bandar Lengeh ; Sardinella sindensis ; Encrasicholina punctifer ; Reproduction ; Feeding ; Growth and mortality ; Catch per unit effort ; Sea surface temperature ; Chlorophyll a ; Sexual maturity ; Plankton ; Naplius ; CPUE ; GSI ; Sardine ; Anchovy ; Coastal waters ; Surface ; Temperature ; Distribution
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    Biomass estimation, opening and closure of Shrimp (Penaeus semisulcatus) fishery in Bushehr waters (Persian Gulf) (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25206 | 18721 | 2018-09-04 08:43:13 | 25206 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: From June 2004 to March 2006, a survey in Iran waters (Bushehr province) has completed. Sampling was accomplished in two area, north and south. In this period 15 cruises achieved in summer and 3 cruises in autumn and winter. In each cruise of north and south area 18 and 30 stations were sampled respectively. Stations row on three depth stratums that is, below 10 m, 10-20 m, and 20-30 m in total area from Bahrekan to Motaf. Some Biological parameters such as sex stages, sex ratio, mean total length, species composition were measured. Duration of shrimp fishing season in years 2004, 2005 and 2006 were 40, 44 and 40 days in summer respectively. In June and august the Catch per Unit Effort (CPUE) in south was more than northern area. CPUE increases in north area especially at the end of summer during fishing season gradually. Computing on Biomass estimation resulted 674, 1024 and 873 ton in years 2004, 2005 and 2006 respectively for all shrimp species (usually tiger shrimp, white shrimp and other). Total commercial landing of shrimp catch in above years were 1602, 1597 and 1110 ton respectively. Percentage of tiger shrimp in commercial landing in above years was 77, 75 and 84 respectively. We found that the least mean length of tiger shrimp was observed in southern area especially from Motaf to Rodmond stations. The schools of prawn penaeus semisulcatus enter to Bushehr waters from southern area that is Motaf region. Other than Motaf; Nakhilu, Rase khan and Rod-mond show same characteristics. Also in this region, density of shrimp increases with depth in most summer cruises. The result from analyses of gonad maturation studies shows the adult and mature females (stages III and IV) of P. semisulcatus accumulate in northern area at the end of autumn. This stock catches in autumn by illegal fishing.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Iran ; Persian Gulf ; Bushehr province ; Biomass ; Shrimp ; Penaeus semisulcatus ; Fishery ; Green tiger prawn ; Opening season ; Closure season ; Survey ; Sampling ; Sex ratio ; Species ; CPUE ; Illegal fishing ; Parameters
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    Effect of starch utilization on sensory quality of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys Molitrix) fish ball can (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25217 | 18721 | 2018-09-06 06:02:14 | 25217 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: A variety of products made from fish meat is increasingly being produced in most countries. The availability of low cost ingredients, the use of suitable formulations and modern equipment has made it feasible to produce different products of high nutritious value to satisfy consumer demands. Starch is an ingredient used in most products in the food industry because of its physical characteristics. In the present study fish ball were prepared using starch from two different sources (wheat and potato) either individually or by mixing equal proportions of two sources of starch at a rate of 5, 10 and 15% to 80% ground meat of silver carp. A control group was also tested without adding starch. Results obtained indicate that flavor, odor and texture of the resulting product made with 10% starch were more acceptable as compared to the other trials. Fish ball made with the addition of 15% starch were lighter in color and sticky and loses its strength to form. No significant differences were observed in color, flavor, odor and texture of fish ball in trials containing 10% starch from one individual source (p〉0.05) and the resulting product in these trials were rated higher in organoleptic tests as compared to those containing 5 and 15% starch. Among trials containing two sources of starch, mixed trials with potato and wheat (5% potato + 5% wheat) were rated higher in organoleptic tests as compared to the other trials(p〈0.05).
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Iran ; Silver Carp ; Fish Ball ; Starch ; Sensory quality ; Nutritious ; Hypophthalmichthys Molitrix
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    Hygienic monitoring of freshwater crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus) on Aras Lake reservoir (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25615 | 18721 | 2018-10-07 16:19:08 | 25615 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Aras dam reservoir situated in the northwest of Iran, west Azarbaijan province, is the only water resource of Astacus leptodactylus harvest in the country that more than 250tons of this species were exported to different countries all over the world, annually. On the other hand, one of the polices of Iranian Science Fisheries Institute is the release of this species into other water resources in the country and for this purpose, the study of risky diseases such as Crayfish pest (Aphanomysis astasi) and other zoonotic diseases are considered as the research priorities of aquaculture development of the country. This study was carried out to health screening of Astacus leptodactylus at Aras dam reservoir from winter 2013 to fall 2014. In this regard, A total of 394 harvested livefreshwater crayfish Astacus leptodactylus (255males, 139females) weretested. 9 epibionts and parasites peritrich protozoans were identified. From Metazoan parasites group, Branchiobdella kozarovi with incidence rate of (100%) in obtained samples was the only isolated organism from this group that identified up to species level. There was a heavy damage in gills of samples with Aeolosoma hemprichi (Annelid) in winter with90% prevalence. Furthermore, Other Epibiont fouling organisms such as Rotatoria; free living nematods and suctoria were observed in this survey. The fungi study of the lesions and melanized spots of mentioned samples revealed their infection to Penicillium expansum; Aspergillus flavus; Alternaria sp. ; Fusarium sp. and Saprolegnia sp. The results of bacterial study confirmed the presence of pathogen bacteria in Astacus leptodactylus. The most frequency percentage (15.16%) in hepatopancrease were related to Aeromonas hydrophila and the least one (1.37%) were due to Yersinia bacteria. Also, only Aeromonas hydrophila and Staphylococcus aureus were isolated and identified from heamolymph, respectively. The results revealed that the combination of Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus sp. has caused the most infection rate while. Yersinia ruckeri and Salmonella typhi has caused the least infections in Astacus leptodactylus. According to the isolation of 6 bacteria species from hepatopancreas and 2 species from heamplymph , it can be concluded that hepatopancreas enjoyed the higher infection rate compared to haemolymph in the obtained samples.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Iran ; Aras Dam Reservoir ; West Azarbaijan province ; Astacus leptodactylus ; Health screening ; Hygienic ; Freshwater ; Crayfish ; Species ; Fisheries ; Aphanomysis astasi ; Parasites ; Metazoa ; Aeolosoma hemprichi ; Epibiont fouling ; Alternaria sp.
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    Determining of DNA-barcoding of 6 – 8 species by partial sequencing of mtDNA (CO1) using molecular method (PCR-Sequencing) (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25619 | 18721 | 2018-10-07 17:03:03 | 25619 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Barcodes are short segments of DNA that can be used to uniquely identify an unknown specimen to species, particularly when diagnostic morphological features are absent. These sequences could offer a new forensic tool in plant and animal Conservation-especially for endangered species. It was proved that a small fragment of mitochondrial DNA from the 5′-end of cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene as a reliable, quick and costeffective identification system for most Crustacea like shrimp. Take a look in DNA barcoding website show that there is a little data about Iranian shrimps which live in Persian Gulf and Oman Sea. In this Study six species of shrimp: Fenoro penaeus indicus, Fenoro penaeus merguensis, penaeus semisulcatus, Metapenaeus affinis, Marsupenaeus japonicas, Fenoro penaeus penicillatus were collected from different stations in Persian Gulf and Oman Sea. All materials were preserved in 70% ethanol and were shipped to the laboratory for taxonomic studies. After identification, the total DNA was extracted; COI gene was first amplified and then sequenced for each species. Finally the collected data were analyzed with the specific phylogenetic software. The results were amazing and the interesting part was that analytical methods for showing species relationship suggested that Fenoro penaeus penicillatus is closer to Marsupenaeus gnus than penaeus gnus. This finding needs more investigation to be proved. We suggest a workflow for DNA barcoding, including database generation and management, which will ultimately be necessary if we are to succeed to join universal DNA barcode for Crustacea.
    Keywords: Biology ; Iran ; Persian Gulf ; Oman Sea ; DNA ; DNA barcoding ; Species ; mtDNA ; CO1 ; Molecular method ; PCR ; Specimens ; Morphological ; Cytochrome ; Mitochondrial DNA ; Shrimp ; Fenoro penaeus indicus ; Fenoro penaeus merguensis ; Penaeus Semisulcatus ; Metapenaeus affinis ; Marsupenaeus japonicas ; Fenoro penaeus penicillatus
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    Conservation and restoration of Caspian salmon (Salmo trutta caspius) stocks in the southern Caspian (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25617 | 18721 | 2018-10-07 16:24:05 | 25617 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: The project is funded by the CASPECO Project which is the Third Phase of the GEF supported project in the Caspian Sea region titled “The Caspian Sea: Restoring Depleted Fisheries and Consolidation of a Permanent Regional Environmental Governance Framework”, and implemented by the Iranian Fisheries Research Organization (IFRO) in partnership with four Coastal Research Centers affiliated to IFRO, Coldwater Fishes Research Centre (CFRC).The project's objective is to improve the conservation and restoration of Caspian Salmon (Salmo trutta caspius) stocks. In accordance with IUCN criteria Caspian Salmon is placed in the red list of endangered fish. In the recent decades the destruction of habitats for juveniles, reduction of genetic diversity and fish immune system were main causes of the Caspian salmon decline. Numbers of public meetings were held with participation of fishing communities’ representatives, experts, relevant local authorities and experts of the IFRO and Iranian Fisheries Organization (IFO), Iran Environment Protection Organization (IEPO), Water Resource Management (Ministry of Energy) and University senior professors, in order to create interaction and understanding of the project objectives. Educational awareness and extension program were conducted with the involvement of fisheries communities, private sector and NGO associations. The results of the project suggests that cross-sectoral coordination for sustainable fisheries can be achieved through building partnerships and enhancing communication between the environment, private, fisheries sectors and academia. Cross-sectoral cooperation through this project improved public awareness on growing risks facing Caspian Salmon from different sources including local sources (illegal fishing and over-fishing, urban wastewater, environment destruction, industrial pollutants, pollution of air and water resources), new emerging and invasive organisms, climate change, implications of the Caspian salmon population decline on economic and social affairs of the people who depend on them for their livelihood and food security and their role in fish stock protection. The project, through its capacity building, extension and educational programs and efforts to link science to management, could translate scientific findings into an action agenda for managers and policy makers that can bring an improvement in the future of the Caspian Sea salmon stock.
    Keywords: Management ; Iran ; Caspian Sea ; Conservation ; Salmo trutta caspius ; Caspian salmon ; Fisheries ; IFRO ; Juvenile ; Genetic diversity ; Immune system ; Illegal fishing ; Pollution
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    The study of feeding, reproduction and biological parameters of kilka fishes in the Iranian waters of the Caspian Sea (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25622 | 18721 | 2018-10-08 05:50:41 | 25622 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: The overfishing and changing environmental following the introduction of the comb jelly Mnemiopsis leidyi in the Caspian Sea, the population structure has a strong influence on kilka fishes in the Caspian Sea and therefore to in this investigation which had been done in commercial catch regions (where discharged theirs catch) in three ports Babolsar, Amirabad (in mazandaran) and Anzali (in Guilan), stimated catch and catch per unit effort, the age structur of catch, length- weight relationship, von Bertalanffy growth parameters, condition factor, sex ratios, maturity stags, spawning and feeding. The result shown that catch of kilka in Iranian coastal in 2012 decreased from 24080 ton to 22696 ton in 2013. But CPUE increased was 2.7 ton (Vessel ×Night) and there was no significant changes. Common kilka was the predominant all months of the year, 98.1 and 98.9 percent in 2012 and 2013 respectively. The mean length was 104.4±10.5 and 101.6±11.2 at the same time and range length 92/ 5 – 117/5 mm were the dominant population(about 75%). Relative abundance of fish less than 77.5 mm and more than 127.5 mm is very low. Age abundance during this period have not been substantially changed and always fishes with 3 and 4 year olds had the highest frequency73.6 and 73.5 percent respectively. The parameters of the Von Bertalanffy growth curve were (8.141) 048.1 for common kilka. The instantaneous coefficient of natural mortality (M) was 0.506 yr-1. The instantaneous coefficient of fihing mortality and total mortality were 0.694 yr-1 and 1.2 yr^-1 , respectively. The exploitation rate of common kilka varied during 2012-2013 between 0.41-0.50. The mean condition factor 1.41±0.14 (n=5801) and 1.38±0.16 (n=6754) at the same time respectively. According to statistical analysis Anova oneway were a significant difference between condition factor at the same time . Main prey common kilka was Acartia tonsa accounting for over 80%. It seems Common kilka due to a decrease in the frequency of other zooplankton species depend more than ever on Acartia tonsa and this species is probably a concentration of prey for Common kilka.
    Keywords: Biology ; Fisheries ; Iran ; Caspian Sea ; Mazandaran Province ; Guilan Province ; Anzali ; Babolsar ; Kilka fishes ; Age ; Growth parameters ; Condition factor ; Exploitation rate ; Feeding ; Reproduction ; Overfishing ; Comb jelly ; Mnemiopsis leidyi ; Population ; Sex ratios ; Maturity ; Spawning ; Mortality ; ANOVA ; Acartia tonsa
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    Research of possibility of producing of Ice cream through substituting milk protein with condensed protein (FPC) of silver carp (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25231 | 18721 | 2018-09-06 05:59:12 | 25231 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Fish is a valuable nutritional source witch use of it in daily meal has a beneficial role on nutritional needs supply and also causes mental and physical health especially in people who have protein and food deficiencies. Unfortunately, per capita consumption of sea foods in Iran is 5.5Kg which is very lower than world standards (18 kg). So, study on fish ice cream formulation, by use of fish protein concentrate (FPC) instead of milk protein, had done to make variation in sea foods products and also increase per capita consumption of these kinds of foods. FPC has very high protein concentration and a lot of necessary amino acids like lysine and methionine. Also its protein is very digestible with highly biological value and it's PER in compare with casein PER is high. At first fish protein concentrate type A produced from silver carp in three steps by the extraction with isopropyl alcohol solvent and heat. Microbiological and physicochemical specifications of produced FPC by rules of FDA and FAO were accepted. Finally according to panel test results, substitution of 30 percent of milk with FPC in comparison with 50%, 70% FPC substitution prepared (P〈0/05). Also microbiological and physicochemical specifications of product were tested and results in compare with national standards of Iran were accepted.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Iran ; Fish ice cream ; Fish Protein Concentrate ; Silver Carp ; Nutritional ; Amino acids
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    Investigation on production frozen minced fish meat and frozen fish ball from Abramis brama (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25239 | 18721 | 2018-09-07 06:54:42 | 25239 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: To study the preparation of frozen minced meat from abramis brama orientalis commonly known as sim from Arras lake and from silver carp cultured in the Azerbaijan province, and later this minced meat converted to fish ball and fish burger, in this process microbial, chemical and organoleptic tests was done on samples for frozen minced meat on Sims fish the TVN was 10.1 in zero phase and 14.1 after three month and peroxide value from 0.9 t0 3.1 at the same duration. But he value was higher when converted to fish ball, TVN ranged from 14 to17.6 and per oxide from 1.1 to 4.7 after three month, the unit for TVN was mg/100gram and peroxide unit meq/1000 gram, the microbial tests was also resulted in an acceptable range, the meat of Sims fish had no significant difference with the silver carp comparatively only the color and the smell of the fish was little different, so we could conclude that we can use Sim fish meat for frozen minced meat product and this can increase the consumption of fish in the region in the future.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Iran ; Azerbaijan province ; Aras lake ; Minced fish meat ; Frozen fish ball ; Abramis brama ; Silver Carp ; Culture ; Oreganoleptic test ; Samples
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    The effectiveness of artificial reefs for rehabilitation and production of fisheries in Iran (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25250 | 18721 | 2018-09-06 06:29:01 | 25250 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: An artificial Reef is a fabricated, underwater structure, typically built for promoting marine life in areas of generally featureless bottom. Creating artificial reefs began from 2000 in southern provinces in Iran. This study has surveyed about the Bushehr and Khozestan states. The objective is to determine the effectiveness of artificial reefs in attracting and enhancing the production different aquatics through increasing of fish assemblage and fishery. The performance of artificial reefs deployed off the coast of the Persian Gulf in 10 to 15m, was evaluated. The reefs comprised of seven artificial and one control (natural) statistical tests plan in three replicates. Three types of artificial reefs were used in this study. That two were designed reefs and one was not designed or used material. The experimental plan consisted (i) Reef ball (R), designed hemispherical shaped; (ii) Laneh Mahi (L), designed pyramid shaped; (iii) Used material (U); (iv) mixed (RL); (v) mixed (RU); (vi) mixed (LU); (vii) mixed (RLU); and (viii) control site (CS). Trap nets and under-water visual census surveys were adopted for seasonal sampling of fish aggregation. Results of statistical analysis using ANOVA and T-test of the mean Catch per Unit Effort (CPUE) showed significant difference (p〈0.05) in term of computing number of fish for aggregation of fishes. The study has concluded that reef deployments have influenced favorably the fish communities and fish harvests. Therefore, the artificial reefs, especially the mixed RLU, are appropriate tools for future fishing enhancement in the Persian Gulf of Iran.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Persian Gulf ; Khozestan Province ; Bushehr Province ; Artificial reefs ; Fisheries ; Marine ; Survey ; Hemispherical ; ANOVA ; CPUE ; Underwater structure
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    Genetic national plan study in order to shrimp breeding and developing of shrimp culture technology (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25256 | 18721 | 2018-09-07 07:21:26 | 25256 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Sampling was done using 90 post larvae which were produced by reproduction of some broodstock of Penaeus indicus in one day and reared in the same situation for 4 month. Samples were classified in 3 group high growth, medium and low (according to their weight and length). Genomic DNA was extracted from a 1cm^2 piece of muscle using the phenol-chloroform method. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was done using 21 RAPD loci. And PCR products were separated on 3% Agarose gels. From 21 studied loci, 12 produced polymorphic bands. The most polymorphic band produced using OPAQ 9 and the least by OPAQ 7. According to Nei 1972, the highest distance (0.457) was between low growth group and medium and the lowest (0.091) between high growth group and medium, therefore the highest identity (0.912) was between high growth group and medium and the lowest (0.633) between low growth group and medium. Consensus neighbour-joining tree using Nei (1972 and 1978) resulted in two clades, the first including high and medium growth groups and the second low growth group, it appears that low growth group are depended on separated population of the two others. With considering of mean weight of F1(16.25±1.5), mean weight of 15 ±1.2 and mean weight of parent 31.6, response to selection (R) and heritability for growth in this species were estimated 1.2±0.2 and 0.07±0.01 respectively. In another part of this study Sequencing of specific bands and primer design were done and examining of them on the same age specimens is necessary in following.
    Keywords: Biology ; Iran ; Penaeus indicus ; High growth ; RAPD marker ; Genetic ; Shrimp ; Breeding ; Culture ; Sampling ; Broodstock ; Phenol-chloroform methods ; Population ; Species ; Specimens
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    Feasibility study of Tehran province water resources for fish production – Phase 1: Salehabad Qanat (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25793 | 18721 | 2018-10-13 08:12:04 | 25793 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: This feasibility study carried out in response to request of Tehran Province Fisheries Management, in order to Qanat Salehabad water assessment for aquaculture relataed purposes in Tehran Municipality – Regions 19 & 20. During 6 monthes between May – October 2011 in 3 sampling stations by 3 replicates investigations executed. Physic-chemical, Heavy methals, organochloro-organophosphore pesticides and microbial nominated parameters analysed in reference to Iran national and international standards as well, resulted an overall assessment on quality and quantity of Qanat water for aquaculture purposes. Results expressed station 1 in all studied seasons can be develop for fisheries warmwater applications and in cold seasons (September-March) fisheries coldwater relevant activities can be consider. Stations No 2 & 3 known as infeasible for fisheries applications but would be recommend for agriculture rrigation. According to the results, possibility of developing live fish shopping centers (Cold – warmwatetr fishes) between station 1 and before crossing the Qanat flow and Behesht-e-Zahra freeway is considerable, indeed water rights could be negotiate between Tehran Municipality and Tehran province Fisheries Bureo. Also application of feasible anti microbial filters and other minimum limitation parameters control is necessary before leading Qanat water flow into proposed live fish shop. And suitable septic tank is recommended at the outlet of proposed fisheries units. Monitoring of nominated physic-chemical & microbial parameters during operation of fisheries unites highly recommended.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Tehran province ; Salehabad ; Qanat ; Aquaculture ; Fisheries ; Fish ; Physicochemical ; Heavy metals
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    Evaluation of the immunity factors (THC, TPP, PO, SOD, POD) of shrimp fed with the algae Gracilaria corticata compared to shrimp fed without algae and exposed to white spot virus (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25807 | 18721 | 2018-10-13 10:13:41 | 25807 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: White spot disease (WSD) is one of the shrimp deadliest viral diseases that causes heavy losses on all shrimp of Penaeid family. Most invertebrates are lacking adaptive immune system and its defense is the innate immune system that is as cellular and humoral, but a like immune system against white spot virus in shrimp was been detected. In this research, control and prevention of white spot disease in shrimp using algae Gracilaria corticata, investigated. About 300 vannamei shrimp were divided to 4 groups and fed by normal pellet and algae extract in 14 days. At the end of the fourteenth day half of the shrimp were challenged with acute white spot virus. After the fourteenth day in the days 0, 3, 9, 18 and 25 sampling were done from the hemolymph of survived shrimps and survival and immune factors were evaluated. Based on results, in the challenge test, shrimps that fed with algae extract has a significant survival rate than shrimp fed with commercial diet. Increased the Immune Factors from day one to day 25 observed during the test. Greatest amount of Immune Factors THC, TPP, SOD, POD and PO in T1 group were observed in day 25 of tests. This situation was also true for group2 (T2), but its rate significantly was less than group 1(T1).
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Health ; Iran ; Evaluation ; Immunity factors ; THC ; TPP ; PO ; SOD ; POD ; Shrimp ; Algae ; Gracilaria corticata ; White spot virus
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    Marine food web dynamics of small-sized pelagic fish in the Caspian Sea (Iranian’s water) (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25821 | 18721 | 2018-10-13 10:32:05 | 25821 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: A mass-balance Ecopath model of coastal areas in the Caspian Sea has been constructed for a quantitative description of the trophic structure of the ecosystem. The model is used to estimate the important biological parameters and relationships among the different ecologically important groups. Twenty five species were used in the present analysis. The model is based on the data collected of Kilka fisheries, beach seining (Bony fish fisheries), and set Gillnet (Sturgeon Fisheries) and also dietary information. Total landings along the Iranian portion of southern Caspian coast reached 39647 t, including sturgeon (41 t), kilka (22873 t) and bony fishes (16733 t) in 2014. Two species of kilka (Common kilka and Anchovy) are important commercially in the Caspian Sea, together accounting in the past decade for 〉 60 % of the total catch, as well as being a crucial part of the food chain. The mean average trophic level was estimated at 3.17 by Ecopath software. In this research, the mean level were studied between eight species varied from 2.56 to 4.04, Sander lucioperca occupy the highest and the as vimba vimba was the lowest level. The ranges of total mortality varied from 0.5 to 2.56 per years. The food consumption rate was estimated about 101.56 per year Mixd trophic level index (MTI) showed small pelagic fishes as prey, have crucial role in feeding of pelagic predators population such as invasion of the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi, bream fish and benthic fish such as sturgeon. In general, niche overlap was greater in more species such as Alburnus chalcoides, Rutilus rutilus, Clupeonella cultriventris, Rutilus kutum and M. leidyi who consumed large amounts of plankton. In conclusion small pelagic fish exert a major control on the trophic dynamics of the Caspian Sea ecosystems and constitute midtrophic-level populations.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Fisheries ; Iran ; Caspian Sea ; Trophic level ; Food consumption ; Total mortality ; Interactions ; Marine ; Food ; Food webs ; Pelagic ; Fish
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    Study on environmental of Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931) ponds culture with brackish water of Caspian Sea (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25828 | 18721 | 2018-10-13 10:19:08 | 25828 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Different studies on Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931) has performed in Iran, but less noted in water quality conditions. Water quality, in addition to creating optimal environment for the growth of vannamei shrimp, as well as cause the live food production and improve economic performance are produced. This study was conducted to evaluate the water quality environment vannamei shrimp in the south of Caspian Sea (Mazandaran province) and in the Caspian Ecology Research Center. The results showed that the enrichment of water out of the ponds, can provide favorable conditions for water quality in the culture of vannamei shrimp with different densities. As a result, Mazandaran province environmental conditions (particularly temperature and salinity of the Caspian Sea) has perfectly suited for optimal growth vannamei shrimp. Therefore, vannamei shrimp (PL12) achieved a final individual weight of 21.1gr in a period culture of 85-day with a density of 35 ind/m^2. Also, The nutrients and water quality parameters (Temperature: 27.4±1.79 ° C, Transparency: 10.7±1.2 cm, Salinity: 10.57±0.78 psu, pH: 8.42±0.38, Dissolved Oxygen 8.04±1.35 mg per liter) were within normal limits during the culture period.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Ecology ; Environment ; Iran ; Caspian Sea ; Mazandaran Province ; Whiteleg shrimp ; Litopenaeus vannamei ; Salinity ; Physicochemical ; Shrimp
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    A study on fishing status and some reproductive characteristics of Klunzinger’s mullet (Lize klunzingeri) in coastal waters of Khuzestan province (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25845 | 18721 | 2018-10-13 08:35:24 | 25845 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Biological characteristics of Liza klunzingeri were studied in two coastal areas, Sajaphi and Bahrekan, of eastern Khuzestan during March to February 2007. Among total 1880 measured fish specimens, 947 specimens were analyzed. The mean value of Gonado-somatic Index (GSI) for the male and female fish were calculated as 0.96± 1.39 and 3.25 ± 3.26 respectively. The GSI value was highest in November and lowest in July. The mean value of condition factor (K) was 1.25± 0.14 in male and 1.21± 0.15 for female. The highest K value were observed in June and the lowest value in February. The lenght at first maturity regardless of sexuality, was found to be 14.5 cm and the time of spawning based on reproduction pattern were determined in Nov- Dec. The length-weight relationship were calculated as Y=0.024L^2.76 (n=226R2=0.72) for males, Y=0.011L^3.00 (n=444R2= 0.78) for females and Y=0.0208L^2.82 (n=670R2 =0.82) for total fishes and also it’s found significant in level length weight relationship in (P〈0.05). According to biological characteristics and referring to American fisheries society (AFS) indices and Fuzzy logic expert system, Lize klunzingeri is classified as low vulnerable species.
    Keywords: Biology ; Iran ; Khuzestan province ; Sajaphi ; Bahrekan ; Lize klunzinger ; Gonado-somatic Index ; GSI ; Condition factor ; Biological characteristics ; Female ; Male ; Specimens ; Fisheries
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    Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus, 1758) (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/21097 | 17408 | 2017-04-27 06:20:06 | 21097 | Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-14
    Description: Thalassoma lunare is also named the Moon Wrasse because of its yellow caudal fin shapes like crescent moon with long upper and lower lobes. It is an inhabitant of coral reefs and surrounding areas at depths from 1 to 20. T. lunare is the most abundant wrasse species in the Persian Gulf. This species can reach 16 cm in total length in Iran, Persian Gulf, Kish Island. Moon wrasses are active fish, said to be moving all day long. They are also territorial, nipping, chasing, and otherwise harassing fish that get in their way. Being diurnal, wrasses have strong vision, although they also have a decent sense of smell. At night, they rest in niches often under rocks or other such structures. If needed, a moon wrasse may dig out a space under a rock by repeatedly swimming through it until it fits without struggle. They are protogynous hermaphrodites, all starting off as females and changing to males, a process which, for the moon wrasse, takes only 10 days. Some moon wrasses live in groups consisted of a dominant male, and a "harem" of about a dozen other wrasses, some female and some male. The alpha male is more brightly colored, and at every low tide hour, changes from green to blue, and goes into a show of attacking and nipping all the other wrasses. This is his way of showing his dominance to the rest of the males and keeping the females in check. During breeding season and before high tide, the alpha male turns completely blue, gathers up every single female, and the spawning frenzy begins.
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Fisheries ; Thalassoma lunare
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    Megalomma vesiculosum (Montagu, 1815) (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/21105 | 17408 | 2017-04-27 07:28:58 | 21105 | Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-14
    Description: Megalomma vesiculosum (Giant Feather Duster Worm) has reported for the first time from Persian Gulf (Iran, Kish Island). M. vesiculosum is a polychaete worm that reaches up to 12 cm in length. It has relatively few (about 50) tentacles, each with a large eyespot at the free end. It creates a long and tough tube, which is mostly encrusted untidily with large shell fragments and small stones. The tube protudes no more than 40-50 mm (in Iran, Kish Island) from coarse sand or muddy gravel at low water and below. The body and crown vary in color from yellowish to a reddish-purple brown and is usually spotted. The Giant Feather Duster Worm is a relative of the garden earthworm. It uses its colorful tentacles to filter the water for food, which includes phytoplankton and bacteria. M. vesiculosum requires a high density of phytoplankton and dissolved particulates to survive in a marine ecosystem. The worm generally buries its tube in the sand and the crown protrudes above to strain the water. If this worm sheds its tentacle crown, it is not getting enough food. It will usually regrow another, smaller than the previous. If this cycle continues, the worm will starve. Members of the class Polychaeta are mostly gonochoric (sexual). Females produce a pheromone attracting and signalling the males to shed sperm which in turn stimulates females to shed eggs, this behavior is known as swarming. Gametes are spawned through the metanephridia or body wall rupturing (termed as ‘epitoky’, wherein a pelagic, reproductive individual, ‘epitoke’, is formed from a benthic, non reproductive individual, ‘atoke’). After fertilization, most eggs become planktonic; although some are retained in the worm tubes or burrowed in jelly masses attached to the tubes (egg brooders). Eggs develop into trocophore larva, which later metamorph into juvenile stage (body lengthened), and later develop into adults.
    Keywords: Biology ; Fisheries ; Megalomma vesiculosum
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    Sabellastarte spectabilis (Grube, 1878) (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/21106 | 17408 | 2017-04-27 06:38:05 | 21106 | Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-14
    Description: Sabellastarte spectabilis is commonly known as the feather duster worm, feather duster or fan worm. It has reported for the first time from Iranian waters (Kish Island) and finding in the intertidal and subtidal reefs. Especially common in sites where phytoplankton is abundant. The worm's body occupies a flexible mucus tube formed by adhesion of silt from the water column. Polychaetes, or marine bristle worms, have elongated bodies divided into many segments. Each segment may bear setae (bristles) and parapodia (paddle-like appendages). Some species live freely, either swimming, crawling or burrowing, and these are known as "errant". Others live permanently in tubes, either calcareous or parchment-like, and these are known as "sedentary". This large worm can reach 80 millimeters in length and 10–12 millimeters in width. It is buff in color with purple specks. It lives in a tough, leathery tube covered with fine mud. The tentacles are striped in dark and pale brown bands and bear neither stylodes nor eye spots. There are two long, slender palps and a four-lobed collar. Cilia on the tentacles cause currents in the water and organic particles are caught as they float past. They are channelled along mucus-filled grooves to the mouth. Larger non-food particles are used for building the tube. The tentacles are also used as gills for gas exchange. This worm can reproduce asexually by fragmentation, and can regenerate body parts after being damaged. Reproduction can also be by sexual means. Most worms are either male or female and the gametes mature in the coelom before being released into the water column. Some specimens, particularly larger ones, have both male and female gametes and a study concluded that this was consistent with sequential hermaphroditism. Fertilization is external, and after a short time in the plankton, the trochophore larvae settle out and grow into adult worms.
    Keywords: Biology ; Fisheries ; Sabellastarte spectabilis
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    Pseudoceros prudhoei (Newman & Cannon, 1994) (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/21107 | 17408 | 2017-04-27 06:39:06 | 21107 | Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-14
    Description: Pseudoceros prudhoei is usually found on rocky or reef habitats, swimming in open waters or under coral rubble plates, where they find their prey, the ascidians. Maximum length is 5 cm in Persian Gulf (Iran, Kish Island). While some of the free-living flatworms tend to hide under rocks escaping from the sunlight, colorful polyclads usually demonstrate a very conspicuous behavior, swimming through the water column next to coral reefs. These animals actually do not need to avoid predators, because their bright color pattern works as a warning sign about their distastefulness and toxicity. None of the animals had a negative response to the presence of light. When the flashlight was turned on, they started swimming around and exploring the environment and none of the worms hid under the rocks searching for cover. In fact, the light didn’t seem to bother them at all, as some would swim toward it, swim back and settle down at any spot. P. prudhoei is not negatively phototactic and reinforce the function of aposematic coloration in pseudocerotids. P. prudhoei is hermaphrodites with both male and female reproductive systems functional at the same time, and reproduce by internal fertilization.
    Keywords: Biology ; Fisheries ; Pseudoceros prudhoei
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    Stock assessment of the bonyfishes in Mazandaran (2003-2004) (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25083 | 18721 | 2018-08-22 07:15:57 | 25083 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Mullet and other bony fishes are caught by beach seine in Iranian waters in Golestan, Mazandaran and Guilan provinces. In this investigation which had conducted in commercial regions during 2003-2004, we estimated catch and CPUE, species composition, length, weight, age of two species of mullet and Salmo trutta caspius; von Bertalanffy growth parameters, mortality, biomass and MSY of Liza aurata. The total recorded catch of mullet was 3870 mt and L. auratapre dominated (98.5% of total catch of mullet). CPUE of two species of mullet; L. aurata and L. salienswere 69.6 and 1.1 mt purse seine, respectively. The catch of Salmo trutta caspius was negligible (about 3.6 mt). Biomass and MSY (maximum sustainable yield) of L. aurata were estimated to be 11019.8 and 3322.6 mt, respectively.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Iran ; Golestan Province ; Mazandaran Province ; Guilan Province ; Mullet ; Bony Fish ; CPUE ; Species ; Length ; Weight ; Age ; Salmo trutta caspius ; Von Bertalanffy ; Mortality ; Biomass ; Liza aurata ; L.aurata
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    Ecological study on rearing shrimp ponds (Litopenaeus vannemei) in Choebdeh Abadan (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25276 | 18721 | 2018-09-07 07:59:49 | 25276 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Following to introduce Vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) into Iran aquaculture industries by fisheries organization its postlarvae were successfully reared in ponds in Bushehr and Choebdeh in Khuzestan. Due to activity of Shrimp site and importance of input and output water quality, this study was done in 11 stations including: two stations in Bahmanshir river, two station in C4 and C5 irrigation canals, six staions in active farms along C4 cannel (Yonesi, Mosavei and Salman Zadeh), and C5 cannel (Mohamadi, Khairi and Ashraf Por) and one staion in output draing were selected. Sampling were carried out from May2009 befor beginning stocking to harvest time in October 2009. Physico- chemical parameters and plankton sampled biweekly and benthic animals and heavy metals were sampled monthly. Some parameters such as pH and temperature by using portable multy parameters and others. Analyzed with standard methods. Heavy metals were measured by plarography method (797 Vamtro). Plankton and benthos samples were studied only in Bahmanshir station. According to results the maximum values for DO (11.1 ppm) PO4 (1.86 ppm) NO3 (8.4 ppm) and TSS (4992 ppm), pH (8.4) NO2 (0.18 ppm) BOD5 (9.06 ppm) were measured. In comparison to aquaculture water quality standards except for TSS in river stations others are located in allowable range. We didn’t observed any main changes in water quality from river to output drainage. The results of biotic parameters in river stations showed that diatoms were the most group of phytoplanktons. Zooplankton groups were Copepods, Rotifera and Protozoa. Tintinids and Nematoda larvae were the most abundant zooplankton. Benthic animals were included nine crustacean species and two annelid species. Isopods with 52% were the most and ant group.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Ecology ; Iran ; Khuzestan Province ; Abadan ; Choebdeh ; Bahmanshir River ; Vannamei shrimp ; Litopenaeus vannamei ; Water quality ; Abadan aquaculture site ; Rearing ; Shrimp ; Ponds ; Sampling ; Plankton ; Heavy metals ; pH ; Temperature ; Benthos ; Phytoplankton ; Zooplankton ; Copepods ; Nematoda larvae
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    Stock assessment of the bony fishes in Iranian coastal waters of the Caspian Sea (2007-2010) (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25316 | 18721 | 2018-09-08 16:49:32 | 25316 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: In the years 2007-2007, 2008-2009 and 2009-2010 the exploitation of bony fishes resources (by 131 beach seines) started on 12 October but finished on 9 April, 9 April and 13 April, respectively. During these periods the total catch of bony fishes were 23537.8, 20045.5 and 18664.8 tonnes, respevtively. During these periods, kutum predominated and represented the highest proportion of total catch at 73.1, 74.0 and 66.9% , followed by golden grey mullet at 18.3, 13.9 and 18.7%, respectively. K values calculated 0.22, 0.15 and 0.14 year-1 and L∞ were 66.0, 62.7 and 70.0 cm for kuttum, golden grey mullet and common carp, respectively. The instantaneous coefficient natural mortality were estimated as 0.386 and 0.35 year-1 for kutum and golden grey mullet, respectively. During three periods, the exploitation rates were 0.789, 0.584 and 0.614 for kutum and 0.71, 0.75 and 0.61 for golden grey mullet, respectively. In the years 2007-2007, 2008-2009 and 2009-2010, the total biomass, from the biomass-based cohort analysis were 56600, 62090 and 61590 tonnes for kutum and and MSY estimated about 24733.7 and 8550.4 tones for kuttum and 11040, 11900 and 14460 tonnes for golden grey mullet, respectively. The ABC (acceptable biological catch) were estimated as 8000 and 2200 tonnes.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Iran ; Bony fishes ; Growth ; Mortality ; Biomass ; Acceptable biological catch ; Kutum ; Golden grey mullet ; Common carp ; Coastal waters
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    Cold pasteurization of rainbow trout fillet (Oncorhynchus mykiss) with gamma rays and shelf life assessment at refrigerated condition (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25320 | 18721 | 2018-09-12 09:47:39 | 25320 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different doses of gamma rays on shelf life and fatty acids composition of Rainbow trout fillet (Oncorhynchus mykiss) during refrigerating condition. Quality and shelf life of non-irradiated and irradiated (0, 0.75, 1.5, 2.25, 3, 3.75 and 4.5 kGy) Rainbow trout stored at +4 C was investigated by measurement of microbiological, chemical and sensory analysis .Irradiation of fillets was performed by gamma rays from a Co60 source. Microbial counts for non-irradiated trout fillet samples were higher than respective irradiated fish. Total volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N) values was increased from 7 mg/100 g for non-irradiated to 52.7 mg/100 g after 15 days storage at refrigerator, whereas for irradiated fish lower values of 39.4, 37.6, 28.7, 25.6, 24.8 and 23.2 mg/100 g were recorded at 0.75, 1.5, 2.25, 3, 3.75 and 4.5 kGy, respectively (day 15).initial amount of peroxide value in non irradiated sampleswas 0.8 meq/kg and was increased to 7 meq/kg (7 day).Highest amount of peroxide after irradiation process was belonged to samples irradiated by 4.5 kGy (1.5 meq/kg). Also, total viable count of irradiated samples were decreased significantly (p〈0.05). On nutritional aspect, results showed that total saturated fatty acid concentrations increased significantly (p〈0.001) with increasing irradiation dose , so that the control sample and fish muscles that irradiated with 4.5 kGy had the lowest and highest amounts of total saturated fatty acids (20.454 ± 0.011% and 19.228 ± 0.040% , respectively). The amount of total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in irradiated samples were significantly lower than control sample (p〈0.001) and amounts of total monounsaturated (MUFAs) were significantly higher than control samples (p〈0.001). The results were indicated that the highest content of MUFAs and PUFAs were in samples irradiated with 3.75kGy (37.783± 0.092 %) and control samples (37.677± 0.104 %), respectively .The lowest level of MUFAs and PUFAs were in control samples (36.596 ± 0.024%) and 4.5 kGy (36.459 ± 0.047%), respectively. Altogether, results of this study were determined that irradiation treatment changes significantly the fatty acid composition especially polyunsaturated fatty acids in rainbow trout muscle (P〈0.001). Overall, irradiation of fillet by 3.75 kGy had best results on increasing shelf life of fillet at refrigerator (between 11-15 days) and had no advers effect on fatty acid composition of Rainbo trout fillet.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Fisheries ; Iran ; Irradiation ; Rainbow trout ; Fillet ; Shelf Life ; Fatty acid ; Refrigerator ; Pasteurization ; Oncorhynchus mykiss ; Gamma Rays ; Samples
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    Planning and establishment of the laboratory information database system for Iranian fisheries research organization (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25328 | 18721 | 2018-09-12 09:49:43 | 25328 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Due to lack of access to comprehensive and up-to-date information regarding equipment, personnel, laboratory services tariffs and chemicals in the laboratories of Iran Fisheries Research Institute and felt the necessity of having this information for optimal management of the laboratories, it was decided with regard to all information needs in this area and using previous experiences in this regard as well as the experiences of other institutions and related organizations at the national (and even international) level, the system would be designed. The main purpose of implementing this plan was to establish and implement a software system based on web technology to create a comprehensive database of the Fisheries Research Institute's laboratories, so that in addition to organizing information, using periodic reports on various related areas a more appropriate monitoring and management system could be applied. Fortunately, after the design and implementation stages, the system in early January 2011 was fully applicable. The main parts of this system include portal; database; advanced data entry, search and reporting capabilities; direct tests order system and discussion forums.
    Keywords: Information Management ; Iran ; Laboratories ; Information Database System ; Fisheries ; Chemical ; Portal ; Iranian Fisheries Research Organization
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    Study on breeding of imported brood stocks Litopenaeus vannamei in Iran environment (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25338 | 18721 | 2018-09-12 10:05:42 | 25338 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Regarding to breeding the Litopenaeus vannamei, a total of 126 pairs of broodstocks were imported from Hawaii to Iran in 2004 and 2005, and then transferred to the Bandargah Research Station in Bushehr. The female broodstocks were ablated, and were feeded 3 times per day with cuttlefish, small size shrimp and Nereis worm with a ratio of 30% body weight. The water exchange were done 3 times per day. During the years 2004 and 2005 a total 1700000 naupli were produced of which 772000 specimens of pl13 and pl7 were harvested and then transferred to Helleh Site for carrying out the next culture project. The average naupli and postlarvae were 170000 and 92000 in proportion to each broodstock. Also the mean survival rate was estimated 54%.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Persian Gulf ; Bushehr ; Litopenaeus vannamei ; Broodstock ; Breeding ; Female ; Cuttlefish ; Shrimp ; Nereis worm ; Body weight ; Nauplii ; Specimens ; Survival rate ; Breeding
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    The study of annual cycle of gonads developments and sex steroids of gray mullet, Mugil cephalus in Golestan Province (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25319 | 18721 | 2018-09-11 09:09:09 | 25319 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Grey mullet, Mugil cephalus is one of the most famous and valuable fish on the fisheries and aquaculture industry. This species is the most suitable to introducing the southern, northern and central regions of our country due to high resistant to large variation of water salinity and temperature. On the monthly sampling period biometric data including total length and total weight recorded and length and weight classes for every sex were determined. To understanding of physiological functions and sexual development of reproductive organs, this investigation carried out with Grey mullet imported from Hong Kong by 1993. Findings of this research can be used for management of artificial breeding of this species. Daily variation of pond water temperature was recorded. Sex steroid hormones and other plasma metabolites such as Ca^2+, cholesterol, triglycerides and total proteins were measured by blood sampling. Gonad samples were prepared in order to histological studies. Oocyte growth was studied by measurement of egg diameters. Measured values of cholesterol, triglycerides of blood plasma revealed that these metabolites have seasonal variation and severely deposited on the summer and mobilized on the spawning seasons. Findings of this research suggested that egg diameters, values of sex steroid hormones (estradiol and progesterone) and Calcium concentrations of fish blood plasma shortening increased a long with day length shortening.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Golestan province ; Mugil cephalus ; Sex steroid hormones ; Plasma metabolites ; Gonads ; Gray mullet ; Mugil cephalus ; Fisheries ; Aquaculture ; Species ; Salinity ; Temperature ; Sampling ; Estradiol ; Progesterone ; Calcium
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    The biochemical composition of seaweed from the Persian Gulf and the effect of seaweed extract on the growth and composition of two microalgae Isochrysis galbana and Chaetoceros muelleri cultured as live food for Penaues indicus larvae (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25331 | 18721 | 2018-09-13 12:45:25 | 25331 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: The biochemical composition of three groups of seaweeds; green (Ulva lactuca and Enthromorpha intestinalis), brown (Sargassum illicifolium and Colpomenia sinuosa) and red (Hypnea valentiea and Gracilaria corticata) from the Persian Gulf and the effects of seaweed extracts (SWE) either as a supplement or as an alternative media to the f/2 medium on the growth and composition of two microalgae Isochrysis galbana and Chaetoceros muelleri cultured as live food for Penaeus indicus larvae were investigated. Results showed that seaweeds were relatively high in carbohydrate and ash, but low in lipid. Lipid content in green seaweed was significantly higher than both the red and brown seaweed (P〈0.05). Protein content of both red and green seaweed was notably higher than brown seaweed (P〈0.05). The red and green seaweed had the highest proportion of saturated fatty acids, while the brown and red seaweed had the highest proportion of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, respectively. The mineral compositions in seaweeds were found in the sequence of K〉Mg〉Fe〉Zn〉Mn〉Cu〉Co. The study clearly showed that the two microalgae I. galbana and C. muelleri could be successfully cultured using the various SWE either as a supplement or as an alternative to the f/2 medium. Since no major changes were found in most of the measured growth parameters, proximate composition, important polyunsaturated fatty acids and mineral content following culture of the microalgae with SWE as an alternative media, it was concluded that the SWE evaluated in the present study are able to provide the necessary nutrients for microalgae growth and could be used as a low cost nutritive media in establishing microalgal populations for use in aquaculture operations. The present study found that when shrimp larvae were fed on microalgae (exclusively or mixed) that had been cultured with SWE as a supplement media, they molted faster to mysis 2 (MII) stage compared to larvae fed on microalgae cultured with conventional f/2 media (Control). Maximum final total length, survival rate and specific growth rate were recorded for shrimp larvae fed on microalgae diets that included SWE as a supplement in the culture media compared to shrimp larvae fed the control diet. The overall growth performance clearly showed that P. indicus larvae were successfully reared using microalgae diets tested, and the shrimp larvae fed on mixed microalgae (I. galbana + C. muelleri) showed better larval growth, survival and development than those that were fed on single microalgal diet. Furthermore, similar larval growth, survival and development were obtained when shrimp larvae were fed with microalgae cultured with SWE as a substitute media to f/2 medium. In conclusion, microalgae cultured with SWE could potentially be used as a low-cost alternative method in producing live food for the hatchery production of shrimp larvae.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Persian Gulf ; Seaweeds ; Microalgae ; Biochemical composition ; Penaeus indicus ; Enrichment ; Growth ; Isochrysis galbana ; Chaetoceros muelleri ; Larvae ; Lipid ; Fatty acids ; Aquaculture ; Survival rate ; Shrimp
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    Preparation of inactivated vaccine to induce resistance against white spot syndrome virus by nuclear & non nuclear techniques (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25345 | 18721 | 2018-09-13 12:43:08 | 25345 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: The inactivated of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) by Gama and Electron radiation and chemical material such as Formalin with antigen property have been done during last year. At the first time the stock of virus prepared and purred it. Six hundred of shrimp Fenneropenaus indicus with average weight 7 to 12 gram collected from shrimp research station in Heleh area and transported to Shrimp Research Institute in Boushehr province. Vibrio parahemolyticus obtained from Veterinary University of Tehran and then lyophilized it. The bacterial V. parahemolyticus inactivated with Gamma, electron and formalin and then injected to shrimp for activated the immune system. The source of viruses was identified through PCR, TEM and histopathology methods from the shrimp infected in 2009 occurrence of boushehr province. The virus injected to crayfish and collected the hemlymph for prepared the stock of WSSV virus. The virus was lyophilized and then exposed to gamma and electron radiation and formalin with optimal dose for inactivated the virus. The shrimp divided to 25 groups and each group consist of six shrimp and the vaccine exposed to shrimp with injected and bathroom methods and the documented the result after 15 days. In vivo virus titration was performed in Penaeus indicus. Inactivation of WSSV was carried out by a gamma cell instrument Nordian, model 220 with dose rate: 4.8 Gy/sec and activity: 20469 Ci. The LD50 of live virus stock was calculated 10 5.4 / ml and the optimum dose of gamma radiation beam to inactivate WSSV was obtained 14-15 kGy. The LD50 of live virus stock was calculated 10 5.4 / ml and the optimum dose of electron beam to inactivate WSSV was obtained 12-13 kGy and and the virus inactivated by formalin 0.5% V/V during 10 minutes.The LD50 of live virus stock was calculated by Karber method 10 3.29 /ml and 10 5.35 /ml, respectively. The V. parahemolyticus was inactivated with 8 KG. The result showed all vaccine during 2 hours have a good effect to shrimp viruses with the 102.4 LD50 / 50 l titre. The result showed if the Gamma and electron vaccine increase to feed of shrimp the effect of vaccine is better than when used without feed. The end of experiment our study showed that the Gamma vaccine has the better effect to control WSSV during 2 hours with comparing the others.
    Keywords: Health ; Iran ; Boushehr province ; Heleh area ; Vaccine ; White Spot Syndrome Virus ; Gamma irradiation ; Electron Radiation ; Formalin ; Penaeus indicus ; WSSV ; Fenneropenaus indicus ; Shrimp ; V. parahemolyticus ; Preparation
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    Determination of optimum levels of energy and protein on pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) diet at marketing stage (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25374 | 18721 | 2018-09-14 07:54:22 | 25374 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: To investigate an economical diet for white pacific prawn (Litopenaeus vannamei) rearing coastal zones of south Iran, 9 experimental diets were prepared considering three protein (37%, 37%, 40% CP) and three digestible energy (262, 312, 362 kcal. 100g^-1 DE) levels, using herbal protein source (soybean meal) as main protein source for the diets. 27 polyethylene round tanks (300 L volume) provided with aerated flow-through water system, stocked with …juvenile shrimps (9.16 ± 0.05 g mean weight) were applied to evaluate the growth performance of the shrimps and feed efficiency parameters of the diets for 8 weeks rearing period in an in-door experimental system. Results showed the diets were significantly different (P≤0.05)in the terms of growth performance and diet efficiency the shrimp, while the best obtaining observed in diet 1 (34% CP and 262 kcal. 100g^-1 DE). Average of weight gain was ranged from 4.58 ± 0.52 g in Diet 9 up to 6.88 ± 0.81 g in diet one, SGR was from 0.73 ± 0.06 in diet 9 to 1.00 ± 0.09 in diet one, survival was from 75.00 ± 7.07 % in diet 9 to 95.00 ± 5.00 % in diet one and FCR was from 5.02 ± 0.94 in diet one to 8.24 ± 1.59 in diet 9. Diets did not effectively influenced the body composition of the shrimp (P〉0.05). According to the results of the present study, 34% Cp and 262 kcal. 100g^-1 DE could be suggested as suitable levels to be considered in the diet of the white pacific prawn in the grow-out stage.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Pacific white shrimp ; Protein ; Energy ; Weight gain ; Feed efficienc ; Litopenaeus vannamei ; Diet ; Rearing ; Juvenile ; Shrimp ; Growth
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    Propagation and stock enhancement of silver pomfret (Pamus argenteus) in the north west of Persian Gulf (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25359 | 18721 | 2018-09-14 07:37:31 | 25359 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: This study was conducted in the Persian Gulf (Coastal waters of Khuzestan province) from March 2009 to April 2010. The 237 specimen of Silver pomfert P. argenteus collected. Maximum of mature brooders at Jun and maximum of hatched eggs obtained at same month. Artificial fertilization was successful. Absolut fecundity was between 19000 to 38000.maximum of hatch was 51 percent. Maximum of fertilization was 32 percent and continued development of larvae to 35 days. Average of fertilized eggs was 1.1 mm. newly hatched larvae were 2.2 to 2.4 mm. The all Silver Pomfret larvae were dead at prude 35 days gently. Suppose n enhancement phase wasn't performed.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Iran ; Persian Gulf ; Khuzestan province ; Artificial reproduction ; Pampus argentus ; Larvae rearing ; Eggs hatch ; Specimen ; Silver pomfert ; P.argenteus ; Mature ; Brooders ; Artificial fertilization ; Fecundity ; Fertilization
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    Evaluation of restocking program in north Alborz (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25353 | 18721 | 2018-09-14 07:27:04 | 25353 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Gillan , Mazandaran and Gorgan provinces have temperate climate, thus they have more potential for aquatic animal culture. There are thousands hectare of lands for Aquaculture and fisheries in adjacent to Caspian Sea in this provinces. These areas (North alborz) have provided a favorable back ground for aquatic animal breeding and stock enhancement of species in the sea. As a result, this investigation executed during two stages (phases). At first stage, the goal of this project included the feasibility study and demonstrating the existing situation of fish stock enhancement activities in North Alborz area and second phase is to survey on distribution, and production activities of stock enhancing hatcheries as well as their constructions, and production time table. Survey was started from 2006 to 2008 by using qestionaries in 7 hatcheries from tree provinces. Results reviled that there are more than 10 species was subjected to restocking .Total releasing was about 300 millions of fry and finger lings in to the Caspian sea.
    Keywords: Management ; Iran ; Caspian Sea ; Guilan Province ; Mazandaran Province ; Gorgan ; North Alborz ; Stock Enhancement ; Broodstock ; Production ; Yield ; Artificial propagation ; Bony fishes ; Sturgeon fishes ; Restocking ; Aquatic ; Culture ; Aquaculure ; Fisheries ; Breeding ; Survey ; Hatcheries ; Fry ; Fingerlings
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    Ecological study on fisheries important rivers and bays in the south part of the Caspian Sea 2nd phase: Gorgan Bay (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25385 | 18721 | 2018-09-18 05:58:09 | 25385 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: In this study ichthyoplankton, phytoplankton, zooplankton, benthic and hydrochemistry parameters were studied. 9 out of 11 sampling stations were in the Gorgan Bay area and 2 of them were in the mouth of the Bay. Ichthyoplankton survey were carried out in 6 stations and the other surveys such as phytoplankton, etc were done in 11 stations in 2009. Gorgan Bay map and position of sampling sites are given at the end of material and methods section. Biomass and frequency of phytoplankton at different stations, months and seasons were calculated that are presented in Tables 1 to 3. Hydro-chemical parameters such as water temperature, air temperature, visibility, DO, BOD5, pH, Alkalinity (bicarbonate, carbonate and total), Hardness (calcium, magnesium), CL,EC, Salinity, N (nitrate, nitrite, NH_3), Phosphate were measured and results are shown Table 11. Biomass (mgr/m^3) and numbers (ind./m^3) of 47 genus of different phylum of phytoplanktons such as Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta, Pyrophyta, Chrysophyta and Euglenaphyta as well as different phylum of zooplanktons consist of Protozoa, Arthropoda, Rotifera and Cyliophora were estimated. Frequency of phytoplanktons (ind/m^3) was 131.2, 1.6, 65.3, 18.9 and 23.8 million respectively. Furthermore, their biomass was 308.4, 1.9, 1358.9, 295.1 and 124.7 mg/m^3, respectively. The maximum and minimum numbers were observed in Leptolingbaya belonged to Cyanophyta and Diatoms of Chrysophyta 84.3 and 0.025 million (ind/ m^3) respectively. The maximum and minimum biomass was observed in Gyrosigma (Chrysophyta) and Tetradron (Chloropyta), 12317.3 and 0.014 mg/m3 respectively. The average biomass of zooplankton was measured 531.74, 30.77, 225.07, and 96.26 mg/m^3 respectively and the total was attained 883.83 mg/m3 Table 5. The maximum and minimum biomass of all zooplanktons was estimated in November and July, 3446.23 and 6 mg/m^3 respectively. Furthermore, the maximum and minimum numbers of zooplanktons were found in September and July which were 48.4 and 0.002 millions respectively and the average number was 8.4 ind/m^3 Table 4. Also numbers and biomass (gr/m^2) of 11 families of benthos which inhabit Gorgan Bay such as Annelida, Mollusca and Arthropoda were investigated in separated stations and distinctive months. The maximum and minimum biomass of benthos was observed in January (42.91 gr/m^2) and March (0.6428 gr/m^2). The biomass was considerable in April, February, August and December (Tables: 4, 5 and 6).
    Keywords: Ecology ; Iran ; Caspian Sea ; Gorgan Bay ; Ecological study ; Fisheries ; Ichthyoplanktons ; Phytoplankton ; Zooplankton ; Benthic ; Sampling ; Biomass ; Temperature ; Visibility ; pH ; Alkalinity ; Salinity ; Phosphate ; Cyanophyta ; Annelida ; Mollusca
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    The study on fishing and resource management of kilka fisheries within southern Caspian Sea (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25405 | 18721 | 2018-09-20 12:38:52 | 25405 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: The project of the Study on fishing and resource management of fisheries within Southern Caspian Sea was conducted on the base of an agreement made between fisheries organization (Shilat) and the Iranian fishery research organization (IFRO) signed in 2010. The study has several phases. The final report of the fishery on fishing and resource management of fisheries within Southern Caspian Sea (Gilan, Mazandaran & Golestan provinces) is consisted of several sections such as: 1- The Survey status of biology and catch of Kilka fishes , Bony fishes and Estrogen fishes and also the status of aquatic resource conservation in the Southern part of Caspian Sea 2- Fishing analysis in the Southern part of Caspian Sea 3- Fisheries development Strategies, policies and plans in the Southern part of Caspian Sea In this survey and library-based study, internal and external environmental factors of shilat activities are considered. Using SWOT analysis method, current situation of fisheries is investigated. In this regard, all fisheries activities were divided into four groups, then, the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and treats of internal and external environment will be analyzed. A considerable number of tables and matrixes were prepared and policies and strategies as seen of final report were carried out.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Iran ; Caspian Sea ; Gilan province ; Mazandaran Province ; Golestan Province ; Resource management ; IFRO ; Shilat ; Fishing ; Kilka ; Fisheries ; Survey ; Biology ; Bony fishes ; Estrogen ; Environmental factors
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    Effect of Satureja hortensis extracted oil on Aspergillus flavusin fish feed (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25406 | 18721 | 2018-09-23 15:54:54 | 25406 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: In a preliminary study, the antifungal properties of essential oil of Satureja hortensis at different tenderness were tested on potato – dextrose agar (PDA). The fungus Aspergillus flavus PTCC 5006 was isolated from pistachio nut obtained from Rafsanjan area, Iran. Among the essential oil compounds, 500 ppm concentration was completely inhibited Aspergillus flavus growth. After determination of the most effective concentration, it was added to fish feeds compound which inhibited fungal growth and production of aflatoxin. Its concentration was determined as 500 ppm and over of essential oil of Satureja hortensis. The essential oil of Satureja hortensis was analyzed by means of GC-MS and their effective factors were evaluated for fish feeds and their results are shown in tables.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Iran ; Antifungal properties ; Satureja hortensis ; Aspergillus flavus ; Fish feeds ; Feed ; Fish
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    Analyzing the effects of aquaculture and rebuild aquatics stocks on fisheries development in the Caspian Sea (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25412 | 18721 | 2018-09-23 15:56:29 | 25412 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Using SWOT analysis with traditional matrix and quantitative matrix methods, the strategies to benefit from strengths and opportunities to vanishing weaknesses and decrease of threats for strategic management of aquaculture in Iranian Northern provinces was surveyed. Utilizing researches held in fisheries research centers and existence of aquaculture experts in vicinity, activation of veterinary organization in production and post production, and entering new brood stocks with desirable growth are the main strategies for developing rainbow trout and Chinese carps culture in Iranian Northern provinces. In sturgeon fishes culture, independence of farms from fingerlings produced by governmental complex and diversification the cultured fishes using new species and hybrids can develop this part of aquaculture. Avoiding illegal fishing in sea and rivers, preserving the population of Caspian Sea fishes, entering new fish species which their resources are decreased extremely to breeding and fingerling production cycle, and using pike perch and bream while they migrate to Anzali Lagoon from Caspian Sea, instead of freshwater brood stocks will cause the output of sea enhancement and sea ranching activities to increase, and fisheries return coefficient of these fishes will rise. Using quantitative matrix and scoring method, it was defined that aquaculture in Iranian Northern provinces are extremely approved and acceptable and the score of strengths is more than weaknesses and opportunities more than threats. By using strategic management, these activities can be more developed.
    Keywords: Management ; Iran ; Caspian Sea ; Anzali Lagoon ; SWOT ; Strategic management ; Aquaculture ; Sea enhancement ; Sea ranching ; Traditional matrix ; Quantitative matrix ; Fisheries ; Survey ; Culture ; Species ; Illegal fishing
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    Effect of different heating treatments and kind of filling media on the amounts of some mineral elements (iron, zinc, copper, calcium and sodium) of silver carp (Hypopthalmichthys molitrix) during canning (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25429 | 18721 | 2018-09-23 16:29:13 | 25429 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: In this study, first, the influence of three precooking methods (steaming, oven-baking and microwave-cooking) on the contents of mineral elements-copper, zinc, iron, calcium and sodium-of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) was evaluated. Determination results of evaluated elements in raw fish and cooked samples were in range 3.05 to 4.19 for copper, 71.45 to 82.85 for zinc, 32.18 to 40.70 for iron, 425.6 to 529.46 and 315.5 to 534.76 for calcium. Results showed different precooking treatments had no significant effects on the amounts of mineral elements such as copper, zinc, calcium and sodium. The Iron content in the samples subjected to microwave cooking increased. With doing multivariate analysis, on comparing the raw and precooked fillets, steam cooking found to be the best precooking method on retain mineral elements. After choosing the best precooking method, for evaluating the influence of different filling media including sunflower oil, soybean oil, olive oil and brine, on the quality of canned silver carp, amounts of mineral elements(copper, zinc, iron, calcium and sodium) and microbial indices(total counts, thermopile count and clostridium) and sensory indices (color, smell, taste and texture) was surveyed. Assessments of microbial indices showed no microbial activity in canned products. After canning amounts of sodium increased in all the treatments. Except for iron, using soybean oil had no significant effect on the contents of other elements. The highest levels of iron and copper were observed in olive oil canned samples sterilized at 130°C. Sensory evaluating showed, kind of filling media had no significant effects on sensory indices such as taste, smell and color of canned samples. The texture of soybean oil canned samples and the quality defects of olive oil and brine canned samples had better condition than other treatments. In the last step, canned silver carp were proceed under three different temperatures (115°C, 120°C and 130°C) with equal lethality value (Fo=7min), then sensory indices and amount of mineral elements were compared. Results showed, the contents of iron, copper, sodium and calcium were changed in soybean oil canned sample. The amounts of copper and sodium in sunflower oil canned sample subjected to different heating regimes showed significant variation. The highest amount of copper was observed in the canned samples subjected to 130°C heating regime. Results showed contents of iron and copper of olive oil canned sample subjected to 120°C and 130°C heating regimes were higher than sample subjected to 115°C heating regime, while the zinc and calcium contents had no variation. In brine canned samples the highest amounts of copper and iron was obtained after sterilization in 120°C. Results of sensory evaluation showed different heating regimes had no significant effects on the indices of taste, smell, and color of products. Doing 130°C heating regime in brine canned samples led to obtain the better tenacity of texture. While this heating regime caused to increase the quality defects of soybean oil canned samples as a result of existence of hard parts of bone.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Iran ; Precooking ; Filling media ; Heating regime ; Sterilization ; Silver carp ; Mineral elements ; Hypopthalmichthys molitrix ; Samples ; Sunflower oil ; Soybean oil ; Silver Carp
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    The study of nutrition and feeding position of shrimp, cultured in IRAN (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25443 | 18721 | 2018-09-25 18:03:13 | 25443 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: The culture of Iranian Shrimps began in Bushehr in 1372. Early the green or the pink tiger shrimp (Penaeus semisulcatus) which were found in most habitats of the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea were considered in breeding and reproduction, but due to reproduction difficulties, it was rather replaced by the Monodun imported species, then the production of the white shrimp Metapenaeus affinis and Then P.merguensis in some southern areas of the country such as Hormozgan has began in small scale,but none of these species couldn't meet the economical needs of the consumer society and they were not indelible and dominant enough in the shrimp aquaculture industry of the country until breeding of Indian White Shrimp (Fenneropenaeus indicus) has began in large scale in the provinces of Khuzestan and Bushehr, which are seen as the heart of shrimps reproduction and breeding, and in Hormozgan and Sistan. the incidence of white spot viral syndrome (White Spot Syndrom Virus) led to the import of the western white leg shrimp from the USA (P.vannameii) by the Iranian Fisheries Research Organization (IFRO) in 1383, at the present all southern and northern breeding farms of the country (fundamental measures has been carried out in line of shrimp reproduction in Gorgan province in 1386) has put the breeding of this shrimp species as the single breeding species at top of their agenda. The subject of feeding the breeding shrimps is widespread and regarding to the non-proprietary species there are still some species which contain high protein than the other species in studying the different shrimp species requirements. In Iran due to the scarce factories producing the shrimp's food, the alimentary compound of the breeding shrimps during industrializing years of this type of breeding even after the non-aboriginal western white leg shrimp species being inclusive was stable and through different biological processes including: Naplies which feeds from its yalk and by entry into zoa stage start eating only small-sized phytoplankton. And by entry into the stage between zoa and mysis it feeds from phyto and zooplankton simultaneously and entering the post-larva stage it stars sarcophagi. and after 15 post-larva stage entering the growth and transition stage to earthen ponds feeding by concentrated industrial foods in large and small packages depending on young and adult mouth and due to feeding requirements of every stage the alimentary compound is nearly as follows: Digestible protein, energy, fat, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals will start and the final product will be released in market Or they will be used in the later years of laying eggs and feeding for brood stock. In feeding section the details of every stage and their food's nutritional needs at each stage and will be fully described.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Persian Gulf ; Oman Sea ; Hormozgan Province ; Bushehr Province ; Shrimp ; Food components ; Biological processes ; Nutrition ; Feeding ; Culture ; Tiger shrimp ; Penaeus Semisulcatus ; Breeding ; White shrimp ; Metapenaeus affinis ; Aquaculture ; White Spot Syndrome Virus ; Phytoplankton ; Zooplankton
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    Determination of catchability bony-fish and optimized exploitation in the Caspian Sea (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25158 | 18721 | 2018-08-26 17:02:34 | 25158 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: To accomplish the stock assessment that pre-planned for bony-fish resources investigation started by considering two pivotal act. First gathering biometric data and second using catch statistics information for stock analyses. Implementing the research programmes five itinerant groups in Anzali, Keyashahr, Noshahar, Babolsar, Torkaman have been organized during fishing season. The biometric data were supplied in computer that distincted by each fish species and subdivided into age groups. In analyses the samples, Bertalanffy formula used for calculating average length and age, also for growth coefficient. Total mortality rate calculated by using Pauly formula, and the biomass status estimated through Cohort analysis. The catch by beach seiner cooperatives recorded 8630 metric tons, but estimation including. Poacher catch raised the harvest to 15.6 thousand tons. The total catch of Kutum reduced by 1400 tons compared with previous year, but the estimation revealed the biomass of Kutum 18.5 thousand tones, the stock stowed reduction in quantity relative to past years. Harvest exceeding the limit, fishing pressure. And employing higher fishing effort, combining releasing the Kutum seedling with shorter average length in recent years, leaded the shrinkage of biomass of Kutum resources. The Golden Grey mullet catch has been estimated 3437 metric tons, the figure showed 1500 tons increment, in comparison with previous year, nearly 24% of catch was shorter than Lm50% of this species. In Guilan province higher number of sub - size golden mullet captured, this development occured less in Mazandaran and Golestan province. Higher rate of exploitation, reduction of catch in recent years, dominating small size fish in catch composition indicated the population undergoing stress in ecosystem. Thin - lipped grey mullet only comprised 9.2% of the mullet catch - Length - structure of this fish species population formed mainly by young small size fish, the biomass of latter estimated 1100 metric tons. Catch further than maximum sustainable yield, by higher exploitation rate, and gradual diminishing of harvest, represented the resources of this fish species suffering both by high fishing pressure and un - sustainable effort, which ultimately declined the fishery of this fish species. Carp catch and its resources in Anzali region become very low, it is necessary to enhance the stock by Sea-ranching programmes. The carp resources in Gorgan region enjoy better status, but catch practices do not compatible with rule and regulation in Gorgan and Gomeyshan area. The standing stock of Gorgan carp estimated nearly 6000 tons. The information concerning carp resources indicate the stock experiencing pressure and likely the catch will diminish in future. The total catal catch of carp calculated 1900 tons. In recent years the Caspian roach resources are increasing but the bulk of harvest fished illegally and by gill - nets. The total catch of the roach during 1998-1999 estimated 1700 tons. Considering the semi - artificial propagation of roach in Golestan province, if has been concluded the multiplication of this fish species also should be planned by fisheries authorities for Anzali region. It is also advisable catching of this fish species to be regulated soon and selective catch are proposed. The catch of pike - perch during the year of 1997 - 98 jumped to 95 tons, but 90% of catch formed by young fish or sub – standard length size. Almost, all the increment of catch attributed to the releasing of millions of seedlings in the Sea which the plan has been implemented by Iranian Fisheries. Increasing the numbers of released seedlings, with higher average weight Identification of most suitable site for unloading the fries could ensure better survival rate and contribute the enhancement of resources and produce good catch for this desirable fish species. The total catch of Bream hit 18 tons, but most of the catch comprised by young fish with sub - standard size. The present formation of fisheries population of bream are the result of seedling releasing! In the Sea by Iranian Fisheries, since the catch of bream are negligible despite releasing programmes of seedling in a decade which 14million individuals until now, one could conclude the programmes do not contributed effectively to stock rehabilitation. The Caspian Barbus (Barbus brachycephalus) are at the threshold 01 vanishing, at present a few numbers are caught, therefore B.capito appeared in catch composition. The catch of latter species in recent two years are increasing. Total catch during the year of 1998 - 99 estimated 34.5 tons, biomass calculated 93 tons. Caspian vimba are small size fish which beach seiner (mesh size in bosom 30 millimeters) could not capture them ideally, bulk of the catch caught in illegal manner by gill nets. The total catch estimated 154 tons which the present fishing procedures surpassed total allowable catch (136 tons). In recent years the catch of this fish species are increasing. "Shemaya' similar in size with Vimba are caught less by beach seiner, illegal catch are considerable, the total catch in 1998 - 99 estimated 86 tons. The level of harvesting of this fish species are increasing in recent years and its population size become significant relative to last years. The main part of catch concerning Aspius fish species occured in Guilan coastal area, high fishing pressure reduced the population size, including low discharge of water in rivers during spawning period, impact negatively to reproduction. Catch statistic in 1989 showed 128 tons of this fish species are caught but in 1998 - 99 it has been reduced to 6.8 tons. It has been suggested artificial spawning could prevent its fate as endangering species. Caspian salmon catch estimated 78 tons during 1998 - 99, salmon population in Caspian Sea are supported by releasing reared smolts, which in recent years nearly 500 thousands fingerlings released in suitable rivers. After banning the gill nets application in Southern Caspian Sea, the catch of salmon in beach seining are increasing. It is necessary the released smolts in rivers being protected for its safe approach to Caspian Sea. The total catch of herring fish species in 1998 - 99 were nearly 700 tons. The bulk of the catch occur In Guilan fishing area, elimination of gill - nets usage in Southern Caspian Sea contributed the increment of herrings catch in beach seining. The herring resources in Caspian Sea reduced relative to past decades. The catch during 1913 – 1916 ranged between 130 - 160 thousand tons, in Caspian Sea.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Iran ; Guilan province ; Mazandaran Province ; Golestan Province ; Anzali ; Noshahar ; Babolsar ; Stock assessment ; Bony-fish ; Fishing ; Species ; Samples ; Growth ; Mortality rates ; Biomass ; Kutum ; Carp ; Survival rate ; Barbus brachycephalus ; Barbus brachycephalus ; Population
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    Population dynamic of bony fishes in the southern part of the Caspian Sea (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25514 | 18721 | 2018-10-05 15:36:40 | 25514 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: This study was conducted to determine growth parameters, catch and fishing effort trends, stock assessment and Acceptable Biological Catch (ABC) of bony fishes in the Iranian coastal waters of Caspian Sea in the years 2010-2011 and 2011-2012. According to the result, the numbers of beach seines were 131 and 128 and their fishing efforts were observed 50184 and 42255 beach seining during 2010-11 and 2011-12, respectively. The catch per unit of effort CPUE) was calculated 182.9 and 205.6 kg/haul during two sampling periods, respectively. The total catches (including illegal fishing) were also obtained 16601.5 mt and 17034.1 mt during 2010-11 and 2011-12, respectively. The highest proportion of catch was belonged to kutum and golden grey mullet (86% and 88%, respectively) in two fishing seasons aforementioned above. Growth parameters of kutum were estimated as K=0.21/yr, L_∞ = 60.0 cm, t-0 = 0/yr. The Growth parameters were K=0.18/yr, L_∞ = 61.1 cm, t-0 = -0.14/yr for golden gray mullet and were K=0.12/yr, L_∞ = 73.6 cm, t-0 = 0.92/yr for common carp. Based on catch-at-age data, in the years 2010-2011 and 2011-2012, the total biomass, from the biomass-based cohort analysis were estimated 41700mt and 34400 mt for kutum and 14600 mt and 14400 mt for golden grey mullet, respectively. The reference points of F0.1 and F35% were 0.41/yr and 0.34/yr for kutum and 0.36/yr and 0.33/yr for golden grey mullet, respectively. Stock enhancement plays an important role in recovery of kutum stocks in the Iranian coastal waters of Caspian Sea. There is a significantly negative correlation between fingerlings released and condition factor (CF) and recruitment and CF. The different trends for fingerlings, recruitments and CF suggest that CF may be partly density-dependent, declining at high population sizes due to intra-specific competition. Therefore, more research should be conducted to determine the desirable level of artificial propagation. Food consumed by fish species, Rutilus frisii kutum, Rutilus rutilus caspicus, Cyprinus carpio, Liza auratus and Liza saliens were included Foraminifera, Porifera, Annelida, Mollusca, Arthropoda, filamentous algae, fish eggs and detritus.The results showed that Rutilusfrisii kutum generally feed on Balanus and Cerastorderma. The main food item for Cyprinuscarpio, Liza auratus and Liza salienswas detritus. Based on available models, the ABCs were estimated as 6600-7400 mt for kutum and 2200-2800 mt for golden grey mullet (with precautionary approach 6600 mt and 2200 mt for kutum and mullet, respectively) in 2011-12. Two species (kutum and golden grey mullet) are vulnerable to environmental factors, and these factors should be considered in the stock assessment and management of the fish. For two species, the ABC with a lower andmore accurate value based onmore information, should be selectedfor the implementation of a precautionary management approach.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Iran ; Caspian Sea ; Bony fishes ; Growth ; Mortality ; Biomass ; Acceptable biological catch ; Population ; Stock assessment ; Fishing ; Rutilus frisii kutum ; Rutilus rutilus caspicus ; Cyprinus carpio ; Liza auratus ; Algae ; Species
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    Determination of sustainable exploitation level of Penaeus semisulcatus in Bushehr province water (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25516 | 18721 | 2018-10-05 07:53:57 | 25516 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: This study was carried out in Bushehr province waters (49ْ 40"E and 30ْ 00"N to 52ْ 00"E and 27ْ 40"N) in July and August 2010-2011. The objectives of this study were to determine the opening and closure periods of shrimp and to estimate of the shrimp biomass in the study area. Based on the total length, the opening season of shrimp fishery in 2010 and 2011 were proposed on 12 and 22rd of July, respectively. The closed season was determined based on the remaining of 20% of shrimp stock and proposed on 12 and 29th of August, respectively. The primary estimation of the biomass in these years was 840 and 455 metric tons, respectively. While the total catch were estimated 847 and 859 tones in these years. During this study 9 species of the penaeid and solenoserid species were identified. The percentage of the green tiger prawn to the other species in the study years were 73% and 92%, respectively.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Persian Gulf ; Bushehr province ; Green tiger prawn ; Penaeus semisulcatus ; CPUE ; Catch ; Shrimp ; Biomass ; Fishery ; Species
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    The effect of natural preservative (rosemary and thyme) on minced meat of silver carp (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25517 | 18721 | 2018-10-05 08:33:19 | 25517 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: The aim of this study to investigate the antioxidant potential of ethanolic extract of Rosmary(Rosmarinusofficinalis) and Thyme (Zatariamultiflora) on fatty acids stability and shelf life of frozen minced silver carp fish(Hypophtalmictysmolitirix). Treatments include frozen meat in conventional packaging (control), frozen minced fish+200 ppm thyme(treatment 1), frozen meat+200 ppm rosemary (T2), frozen meat + rosemary (100 ppm) and thyme (100 ppm)(T3). Treatments packed in polyethylene bags and were freezed at -36°C by spiral freezer and IQF method, then were transferred to freezer to keep at -36°C during the storage. Treatments were analyzed for 10 days intervals in the First month and 15 days intervals in the second month of storage. In the next few months, treatments were analyzed once a month. In this study, various levels of both saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in the three treatments and control treatment were identified. The results showed that Keeping of Minced Fish containing thyme and rosemary extract in freezing conditions led to stability of fatty acids (MUFA, PUFA, omega- 3 and omega-6) and the changes in fatty acid oxidation during storage is not significantly. The profile of fatty acids and their related indicators results as well as statistical tests showed that treatments containing rosemary extract were more stable (-18°C) in comparison with the control and other treatments during frozen condition. Also these teratmentshad less oleic acid and linoleic acid , ά-linolenic and palmitic acid in compared with others .more According to the results treated minced meat with rosemary extract was kept the quality for six months and more.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Iran ; Antioxidant ; Rosmarinusofficinalisrosmarinus ; Zatariamultiflora ; Unsaturated fatty acids ; Silver Carp ; Rosemary ; Thyme ; MUFA ; PUFA ; Omega-3 ; Omega-6 ; Linoleic acid
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    Identification of native fishes of west Azarbaijan province phase 2 (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25539 | 18721 | 2018-10-05 16:22:36 | 25539 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: The aim of this research was to identify the species of freshwater fishes in the water rssoureces located at Urmieh Lake and Zagros catchment area of West Azarbaiigan Province. Sampling was done seasonally with the determination and selection of sampling station on main and secondary branches of different rivers including; Zarineh rud, Simineh rud, Mahabad chay, Shahr chay, Nazlu chay, Baranduz chay, Godar and Zab river. Fish samples catched with different tools include Electroshoker, Cast net and buy from local fisherman, fixed in 10 % formalin and transferred to the laboratory for biological and identify hnvestigation. 42 fish species belonging to 7 family comprising of Syprinidae, Balitoridae, Cobitidae, Siluridae, Poeciliidae, Salmonidae and Mastacembelidae have been identified. Among them Syprinidae family with 32 species had a highest diversity.
    Keywords: Biology ; Fisheries ; Iran ; West Azarbaiigan Province ; Identification ; Fish ; Native fishes ; Freshwater ; Syprinidae ; Balitoridae ; Cobitidae ; Siluridae ; Poeciliidae ; Salmonidae ; Mastacembelidae ; Species
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    Screening of pathological agent and recognize of disease in shrimp specific pathogen free (SPF) production (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25550 | 18721 | 2018-10-05 16:07:33 | 25550 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: The production of specific pathogen free (SPF) of native shrimp is the first step for sustainable shrimp culture in Iran. This concept needs better understanding of health managmet and biosecurity in shrimp broodstock production for produc 25000MT in the five programe and development of Iran. In SPF center the main pathogen consist of viruses, bacteria and fungei that will be exclude the shrimp SPF.Theses pathogen divided to three categories, the first category consist of highly virlent pathogen such as white spot syndrome virus, Tura syndrome virus, Infection myonecrosis virus, infection hypodermal and hematopoietic virus. The second category are hepatopancratuc parvo like virus, and vibrio bacteria, Necrotizing hepatopnacratits, microsporidia and haplosporidia and the third category consist gregarines with light virlent.In the high level project that conducted in Iran between 2011 untill now about 8000 brodstoock collectd from farm culture in bousher province during September and October of 2012 from high health and Moluky stock. All shrimp tested for viruse, bacteria and fingai and the results showed the shrimp wrer free of viruse and bacterial pathogen. During the study one sample showed necrotizing hepatopancreatitis and we removed from the center.
    Keywords: Health ; Iran ; Survillence ; Disease ; Identification ; SPF ; Specific pathogen free ; Shrimp ; Shrimp culture ; Screening
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    Monitoring of fisheries resources in artificial reefs in east of Kish Island waters (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25561 | 18721 | 2018-10-06 16:10:16 | 25561 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Artificial reefs are manmade materials deployed under water in order to improve environment and increase the exploitation of fishing area. Usage of artificial technic has developed due to increase of world population and need to supply of protein, aim to restoring of natural specially rehabilitation of demersal fishes. It has effected to increase the production in order sustainable exploitation. Coasts and Islands have destruction due to over harvesting from ecosystems and other activities by humans and natural, these caused many aquatic as demersal fishes has endangered in Persian Gulf and Oman Sea. The artificial reef is one way or method that can improve the environment and restore the aquatic. Iranian fisheries has established an artificial reefs area in west of Kish Island. This area has studied during one year, Data of assembled fishes and physical sampling were collected in seasonal during spring, summer, autumn and wintered. There were tow treatment for sampling as artificial reefs site and a control site. Collected data has analyzed and evaluated by SPSS and Exel. The results showed that there was significant difference between the sites and assembled fishes in artificial reefs were more than control site. Consequently the artificial reefs can be a tool and technic to improve the marine environment and increase the production of fishes, especially the demersal fishes.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Iran ; Persian Gulf ; Kish Island ; Coastal Development ; Fish Production ; Marine ; Artificial reefs ; Fisheries ; Population ; Environment ; Demersal fishes
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    Stock assessment of freshwater crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus) in Aras reservoir (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25567 | 18721 | 2018-10-05 17:27:57 | 25567 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: 360 funnel traps were prepared as 30 in one row. They were bitted and located in different depths in sampling sites. Two rows each composed of 30 traps were located by stone, linking rope and boat with 50 m distance in sampling stations. The results showed that the average of total length of caught crayfish was 106.26±12.89 mm and their mean weight was 38.79 ± 15.54 gr. The largest crayfish had 171 mm length and 216 g weight. Also mean of total CPUE was 9.72±4.49 individuals in the study period. The evaluation by Schnabel approach indicated that fluctuation range of freshwater crayfish biomass with more than 120mm length was 131-313 with an average of 212.59 ±30.23 kilograms per ha. In this study freshwater crayfish biomass with more than 120mm length was 247 × 10^3 kilograms. The Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY) was estimated 83 × 10^3 kilograms. In this study ّFecundity and biometry of crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus) was investigated during 2012-2013. The results showed that the average of total length of caught crayfish was 106.26±12.89 mm and their mean weight was 38.79 ± 15.54 gr. The largest crayfish had 171 mm length and 216 g weight. Mean number of ovarian and pleopodal eggs were estimated at 286 ± 82 and 246.31 ± 80.41 eggs (with 95% confidence limits), respectively. In this research, male to female ratio was obtained 1.21:1. The time of male moulting at 16°C was started from April and was ended in the late May, when the water temperature reached to 18° C. The second moulting of males and the first moulting of females was performed simultaneously in 18°C water temperature at September. Reproduction of freshwater crayfish was started from November and continued to May of the next year. Harvesting period was from May to late November.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Iran ; West Azerbaijan ; Aras reservoir ; Freshwater ; Crayfish ; Astacus leptodactylus ; Fecundity ; Biometry ; Population changes
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    Collection of information about sturgeon fish processing and processed products (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25575 | 18721 | 2018-10-06 17:27:32 | 25575 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Sturgeon is one of the most important fish. The important of these fish is related to the it’s caviar and meat. Addition of caviar and meat, other products which are produced from the other part of the fish like head, viscera, skin are also important. The remaining residue and waste processing sturgeon has been about 50 percent value-added capabilities into side products such as skin leather, glue the swim bladder, internal organs and the sauce ,as well as the production of medical products such as oil, protein, vitamins and health products such as cartilage capsules in cosmetic creams caviar pulp is , examples of these products are produced in other countries and industries for Sale Collection data from the processing view from the sturgeon fishes in this report has been tried and amount of data also collected, this report has been tried and good information’s also collected. This report is in privilege of national fish processing center a branch of fishery research institute of Iran, the data contains as ,Sturgeon fish meat processing, Sturgeon fish by-products, Sturgeon caviar processing.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Iran ; Sturgeon fishes ; By products ; Industrial processing ; Caviar ; Viscera ; Skin ; Protein ; Vitamins ; Fishery
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    An investigation on possibility of nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) feminization under the condition of brackish water in Bafgh (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25574 | 18721 | 2018-10-06 12:10:40 | 25574 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: This study was aimed to investigate the effect of different doses of oral diethylstilbestrol (DES) on feminization of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) larvae under the condition of brackish water in Bafgh fisheries research center. This Experiment was comprised of two control groups in two replicates and two experimental ones in three replicates. At the beginning of the trial, a number of 2150 larvae were randomly distributed among 10 replicates that were under treatment for 45 days. The diets in two control groups, i.e. non-treated, C1, and ethanol treated feed, C2, and the ones in two experimental groups, i.e. 200 and 400 mg DES/k of feed, E1 and E2, were administrated to 7 day post fertilization (dpf) larvae for a period of 35 days and then until day 45, the larvae were fed with ordinary feed. At the end of the trial, the gender ratio of larvae in different groups was determined by squash test in 50 randomly selected individuals from each replicate. The results showed no significant differences for gender ratios within control groups (respective male to female ratio in C1 and C2 was 47:53 and 57:43). However, the corresponding ratios within experimental ones, fed with 200 and 400 mg DES/k of feed respectively, was significantly different (P〈0.05). Noteworthy that the percent of females between two experimental groups (E1 and E2) was not significantly different (70.0 and 64.7 respectively) but it was significantly different with ratios in experimental groups (P〈0.05). The total body length and live body weight were determined at the begging and then at day 30 and 45, it was randomly measured in 20 larvae from each replicate. At the beginning of the experiment, the mean body weight and total length of larvae was 0.012 gram and 1.03 centimeter respectively. The respective averages at day 30 and 45 were significantly different among groups (P〈0.05). Survival rate was significantly different among groups (P〈0.05), being highest in E1 and E2 respectively whereas lowest in control ones (56.51 and 58.84 in C1 and C2 respectively).
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Bafgh ; Nile tilapia ; Feminization ; Diethylstilbestrol ; Brackish Water ; Oreochromis niloticus ; Fisheries ; Fertilization ; Larvae ; Females ; Survival rate
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    Comparing evaluation of trimming machinery in the silver carp fillet (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25219 | 18721 | 2018-09-06 05:00:53 | 25219 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Trimming means is cutting fillet for a better shape, packing and marketing. The objective of this study was comparing trimming by hand and machinery from Silver Carp fillet. The aims of this project introduce best type of fillet trimming and machine for Silver Carp fillet. For first time we measured percentage different organs like head , skin, tails, intestine organs , type of bone and fillet in whole fish before and after cutting , filleting and trimming . The results show percentage of waste in trimming by machinery line processing was less than handing, and fillet trimming speed by hand was most than machinery. Also final results of this study show machinery method or complex of handing and machinery for Silver Carp fillet trimming are best.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Iran ; Trimming ; Silver carp ; Fish fillet ; Fish bone ; Evaluation ; Hypophthalmiehthys molitrix
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    Population genetic study on two commercial shrimp species and determining of DNA-Barcoding of 6 – 8 species by partial sequencing of mtDNA using molecular method (PCR-Sequencing) (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25624 | 18721 | 2018-10-07 16:36:06 | 25624 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Barcodes are short segments of DNA that can be used to uniquely identify an unknown specimen to species, particularly when diagnostic morphological features are absent. These sequences could offer a new forensic tool in plant and animal conservation especially for endangered species. Ideally, barcodes could be used to positively identify illegally obtained material even in cases where diagnostic features have been purposefully removed or to release confiscated organisms into the proper breeding population. In the present study molecular data were used besides the morphological ones to introduce a specific barcode for six selected species of Shrimp. Based on the previous phylogenetics study, it has been proved that the mitochondrial COI gene in crustacean is a good discriminative marker at both inter- and intra-specific levels. In this regard, six species of shrimp (Fenoro penaeus indicus, Fenoro penaeus merguensis, penaeus semisulcatus, Metapenaeus affinis, Marsupenaeus japonicas, Fenoro penaeus penicillatus were collected from the Persian Gulf and Oman sea. After identification, the total DNA was extracted; COI gene was first amplified and then sequenced for each species. Finally the collected data were analyzed with the specific phylogenetic software. Molecular analysis revealed some degree of interpopulation differences but six good species were recognizable based on COI sequences. Also for population study molecular data of two species Penaeus semisulcatus and Metapenaeus affinis were analysed base on COI RFLP and 16SrRNA sequences respectively. The results would be helpful to protect shrimp species.
    Keywords: Biology ; Fisheries ; Iran ; Persian Gulf ; Oman Sea ; Population ; Genetic ; Shrimp ; Species ; DNA barcoding ; Partial sequencing ; mtDNA ; Molecular method ; PCR ; Fenoro penaeus indicus ; Fenoro penaeus merguensis ; Penaeus Semisulcatus ; Metapenaeus affinis ; Marsupenaeus japonicas ; Fenoro penaeus penicillatus
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    The effects of unsaturated fat acids on reproductive indicators of Penaeus indicus (Phase 1: preparing brood of prepared juvenile shrimp of sea and pond in the controlled conditions by using natural feed) (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25234 | 18721 | 2018-09-06 06:03:35 | 25234 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: The shrimp farming success in the future will greatly depend upon increasing supplies of healthy and high quality seed for stocking ponds. The limited and inconsistent availability of wild shrimp postlarvae together with an urgent need of establishing selective breeding programs, increased the interest in captive broods of penaeid. Many investigations have been carried out on several shrimp species world-wide. This study have been conducted on 2 shrimp groups since September (Mehr) to July (Tir) 1999 in Bandar-e-Imam southwest Iran. The wild group (SPB) prepared from Jask area and the pond group (POB) prepared from artificial ponds upon harvesting them as marketable size have been investigated. 2 groups were exposed to natural diets consisting of squid and artemia biomass in same conditions using 12 m^3 concrete tanks. Stocking density was 2 piece/m^2 (1F:1M). Half part of the pond bottom covered by fine sand to reduce the stress where the other part has been used for feeding. Daily ration given in 3 times by satiation method. Also reproductive performance of wild gravid brooders (WLB) were recorded as a control group. 2 examined groups well grown and around 50% of the SPM and around 30% of POB females successfully ripened a produced eggs and nauplii where almost all males of both groups were matured. Data showed fecundity is highly correlated to the TL and W of the brooders by positive trend. Considering the TL, W, Fecundity and nauplii production the WLB brooders are significantly (P=0.05) higher than 2 other groups, while the SPM broods are significantly (P=0.05) higher in hatchability. Meanwhile the survival rate from nauplii to postlarvae stage was around 30% for SMP brooders. On the other hand the growth parameters (TL, W) of the marketable size of the shrimps produced from SMP brooders were significantly (P=0.05) higher than those produced from WLB group. Since the fecundity is improvable by increasing the brood size thus the data suggest the sup.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Fatty acids ; Penaeus indicus ; Brood ; Juvenile ; Shrimp ; Postlarvae ; Species ; Squid ; Artemia ; Biomass ; Nauplii ; Fecundity
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    The use of lactic acid bacteria metabolites (nisin and organic acids) for the shelf life extension of trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and their effect on dominant bacteria in inoculation study (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25650 | 18721 | 2018-10-14 02:41:46 | 25650 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Nisin is a natural antimicrobial and has inhibitory effect on the pathogens and spoilage organisms. The efficiency of nisin reduced after reaction with food compounds. There is the hypothesis that combination of nisin with organic salt increases the shelf life of fish. The purpose of this study was mainly to evaluate the effects of nisin (0.15 %) and sodium acetate ( 1% ) individually and in combination on shelf life of fillets and whole trout ( without viscera). then, the behavior of Listeria monocytogenes and Clostridium botulinum type E were evaluated in different time at 40C. Physical and chemical parameters including: pH, Peroxide Value (PV), Tiobarbithoric Acid (TBA) and Total Volatile Nitrogen (TVN) and bacterial factors such as Total Viable Count (TVC), Pscycrothophic Count (PTC) and Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) were examined. These parameters were done at intervals of 4 days for 16 days. Results showed that chemical and bacterial factors of whole trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) (without viscera) have been more favorable than the fillets . It also showed that the peroxide value, the thiobarbituric acid, volatile nitrogen bases, and pH in combination of sodium acetate and nisin Z treatments were exposed to significantly compared to control treatments (no preservatives) (P〈0.05). Treatments with sodium acetate and nisin Z (individual) were exist after combination treatment. Hence it can be concluded that the maximum shelf life of in preservative treatments was 16 days, but control treatment was 12 days in some cases and in some cases 16 days. Effects of treatments on Listeria monocytogenes and Clostridium botulinum in the control treatment showed the highest growth was observed in both species (log 8) but in single and combined treatment of bacterial growth slower , but is still the trend the 16th day of so Listeria and Clostridium log 5 to log 6, respectively. Vegetative cells of Clostridium were more sensitive in compare to Listeria. When using preservatives (chemical or biological) in fish tissue, parameters such as the type of preservative, used method, pH, proteolytic enzymes, and the incidence of resistant strains and so on influence of antimicrobial agents used. The overall conclusion of the study was shelf life of whole trout (without viscera) was more than fillets, combination of nisin and sodium acetate were better than other treatment and finally higher doses of bilogival preservatives are need to for achieve to significant reduction of pathogenic bacteria.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Iran ; Nisin Z ; Sodium acetate ; Rainbow trout ; Listeria ; Monocytogenes ; Clostridium botulinum ; Lactic Acid ; Bacteria ; Organic acids ; Oncorhynchus mykiss ; Pathogen
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    Population genetic study on croaker species Atrobucca nibe in Persian Gulf and Oman Sea using molecular methods (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25638 | 18721 | 2018-10-08 08:22:14 | 25638 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Black Mouth Croaker (Atrobucca nibe) is of significant value from the economics point of view. In the following study, the genetic diversity of Atrobucca nibe has been investigated using the PCR-sequencing method from three different regions of the Persian gulf and Oman Sea, namely Chabahar in the Sistan and Baluchestan and Jask in Hormozgan Province of Iran and Fujairah in the Fujairah Emirate of the United Arab of Emirates. The purpose of the following exploration has essentially beencoined to further the study of Atrobucca nibe genetic diversity and its population structure in the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea. For this purpose, a number of 54 fish have been collected from the aforementioned regions. The DNA of the fish had been extracted through the Ammonium Acetate method and the quality of the DNAs were analyzed via the spectrophotometry and furthermore the quantity of the extracted DNA were assessed viaelectrophoresis. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was conducted on the targeted DNAs and thenceforth DNA sequencing was carried out. Subsequently, through sequencing it was discovered that the D-loop region in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of Black Mouth Croaker,contained 270 base pairs (bp). For the purpose of analyzing the genetic diversity of Atrobucca nibe and its population structure in the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea, the following softwares have been conducted, namely theBioEdit, Arlequin, Dnasp and Mega5 software. Furthermore, the Kimura 2-parameter was used for the purpose of genetic distance analysis. Through observations of average levels of FST between the regions, it can be summed up that genetic differences do exist among the present populations. On the grounds of the obtained results from the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea, it can be concluded that there currently are three different populations of Atrobucca nibe residing in the waters of Sistan & Baluchestan, Hormozgan and Fujairah.
    Keywords: Biology ; Fisheries ; Iran ; Oman Sea ; Persian Gulf ; Hormozgan Province ; Sistan and Baluchestan province ; Chabahar ; Jask ; Atrobucca nibe ; Genetic diversity ; PCR - Sequencing ; Population ; Genetic ; Croaker Fish ; Species ; Molecular method ; Black Mouth Croaker ; DNA ; Ammonium Acetate method
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    Monitoring of fresh water fish farms in north of khouzestan province for mortality emphasis on silver carp (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25647 | 18721 | 2018-10-08 08:31:58 | 25647 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Carp fishes culture is one of the most important subsector fisheries industry in Khouzestan province. Every year in summer high mortality occurred in carp fishes farms specially in silver carp of north Khouzestan province. Inspection of silver carp for identification microorganisms agents (Bacteria, Fungi, Parasite and virus: SVC,KHV), determine total plate count, examination physic chemical factors of farms water, histopathology, identification planktons, the main objectives of this study, which was held in 2012. 180 silver carp from 5 farms (10 ponds) with high mortality in years ago were collected in north Khouzestan province and then differents parts of fish body including: intestine, gills, body surface, eyes and liver were examined. Physico chemical parameters and plankton sampled monthly. Physico chemical parameters of water were measured all over culture period for 960 times as follows: Do(4.45-8.5 ppm), BOD5(1.1-9.25 ppm), temp(19-33c), pH(6.82-8.6), total hardness(348-10053), turbidity(5-56 FTU), Amonia(0.001- 0.06 ppm) and co2( 0.88-13.2). From a total 180 fish examined, 136 (75%) showed unknown algae infestation and 126 (70%) showed parasitic (Dactylogyrus, Gyrodactylus and metacercaria Diplostomum). The results of biotic parameters in farms showed that cyanophycae (Cylindropermopsis, Merismopedia and Nitzeshia) were the most group of phytoplanktons. Histopathological studies have shown necrosis in tobules kidney, degeneration hepatocyte and hyperplasia in gill cells and also results demonstrated the mean of total plate count (0-376 CFU/ml103). 60 samples with sighn severe hemorrhagic on surface body were collected for virology studies by PCR procedure (IQ2000 kit) and have shown which 3 sample suspected to KHV but SVC was not identified.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Khouzestan Province ; Silver Carp ; Water physic chemical factor ; Microorganisms ; Histopathology ; Fresh water ; Mortality ; Fisheries ; Bacteria ; Fungi ; Parasite ; Virus ; Planktons ; Dactylogyrus ; Gyrodactylus ; Cyanophycae ; Cylindropermopsis ; Nitzeshia ; PCR
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