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  • 1
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    Evaluating the Bioaccumulation of Nickel and Vanadium and their effects on the Growth of Artemia urmiana and A. franciscana (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Although there is growing evidence that metals can be toxic to various aquatic species, there is still insufficient knowledge to integrate this information in environmental risk assessment procedures. In this study, we have investigated bioaccumulation and effects of nickel and vanadium on mortality and growth of Artemia urmiana and Artemia franciscana. The in 24 h of A. urmiana and A. franciscana exposed to nickel and vanadium were 0.0072, 0.0114 mg/l and 0.0107 and 0.011 mg/l respectively. In growth experiments, the length of animals was considered as growth index. Results indicates that the mean length of animals in (0.001, 0.002 and 0.003 mg/l) Ni and V on first, 5th, 7th and 11th days of life significantly decreases in comparison with control groups (p〈0.05).Bioaccumulation of Ni and V in the same concentration, after 24 h in nauplius and also in adults of A. urmiana and A. fransicana were statistically significantly higher than of the control groups (P 〈 0.05). Both species accumulate nickel and vanadium in their bodies. However A. urmiana is more resistant to the heavy metals. Results show, nickel is less toxic than vanadium on Artemia.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Nickel ; Vanadium ; Bioaccumulation ; Artemia urmiana ; Artemia franciscana ; Evaluating
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.183-192
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  • 2
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    Stock assessment of freshwater crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus) in Aras reservoir (2018)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: 360 funnel traps were prepared as 30 in one row. They were bitted and located in different depths in sampling sites. Two rows each composed of 30 traps were located by stone, linking rope and boat with 50 m distance in sampling stations. The results showed that the average of total length of caught crayfish was 106.26±12.89 mm and their mean weight was 38.79 ± 15.54 gr. The largest crayfish had 171 mm length and 216 g weight. Also mean of total CPUE was 9.72±4.49 individuals in the study period. The evaluation by Schnabel approach indicated that fluctuation range of freshwater crayfish biomass with more than 120mm length was 131-313 with an average of 212.59 ±30.23 kilograms per ha. In this study freshwater crayfish biomass with more than 120mm length was 247 × 10^3 kilograms. The Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY) was estimated 83 × 10^3 kilograms. In this study ّFecundity and biometry of crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus) was investigated during 2012-2013. The results showed that the average of total length of caught crayfish was 106.26±12.89 mm and their mean weight was 38.79 ± 15.54 gr. The largest crayfish had 171 mm length and 216 g weight. Mean number of ovarian and pleopodal eggs were estimated at 286 ± 82 and 246.31 ± 80.41 eggs (with 95% confidence limits), respectively. In this research, male to female ratio was obtained 1.21:1. The time of male moulting at 16° C was started from April and was ended in the late May, when the water temperature reached to 18° C. The second moulting of males and the first moulting of females was performed simultaneously in 18° C water temperature at September. Reproduction of freshwater crayfish was started from November and continued to May of the next year. Harvesting period was from May to late November.
    Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Freshwater ; Crayfish ; Astacus leptodactylus ; Fecundity ; Biometry ; Population changes
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Refereed
    Format: 104pp.
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  • 3
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    The study of possible biotechniques and normative to production some species of Anostraca (Phallocryptus spinosa) (2018)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: This project was carried out in order to determine the hatching conditions and laboratory culture methods of Fairy Shrimps ( Phallocryptus spinosa). Physico- chemical factors and phytoplankton of natural habitat of this organism was investigated in Khasellou region around Azarshahr – East Azarbaijan province. The results showed that occurance and growth of fairy shrimps in their habitates were beginning from early Aprill and their survival was decreased with increasing temperature, precipitation and increasing the salinity of their culture medium. Then they disappeared. Their habitat phytoplankton contained 3 phylla and 10 genera, from which green algae enjoyed the greatest density in May. The pool salinity was around 20-17 g/l , when metanauplii was observed in early spring. In the pool containing and without fairy shrimps the oxygen concenteration was high (9 mg/l) and low (2.9 mg/l ) , respectively . In 9 prawn ornamental fish genera, feeding with fairy shrimp showed a significant higher fecundity and hatching percentage compaired to manual diets (cow liver, spinach). In all groups fed with fairy shrimp the duration of spawning time were reduced from 15 to 8-10 days and the color was enhanced. The means of cyst number per captured female also, cyst , decapsulated cyst and Naupilli diameters were mesured 142.9±19.0 cysts , 273.2 ± 4.9 µ , 242.4± 3.8 µ and 542.6 ± 27.0 µ., respectively . The hatching rate was increased by reducing temperature and salinity of their culture mediums from 25 to 15 ◦ C , and 28 to 18 g/l, respectively.The highest hatching was observed on 5 th day at 15 ◦ C and 18 g/l (5, 33 %). In addition, low but multiple hatching was observed. Therefore , water temperature and salinity affected hatching rate in this species.The hatching success of Phallocryptus spinosa cysts was beter when collecting cysts together with dry sediments of their habitat without separation sensetive cysts . In addition to cold keeping and freezing, the hydration – dehydration method caused more diapause deactivation for hatching induction. The laboratory results revealed that the survival of fairy shrimps were highest at 15 ◦ C (42%) and lowest at 25◦ C (26%), respectively. Also, their life was inhibited in 30◦ C.In different salinities, the mean survival rate were 26% (Salinity = 15 g/l) and 20% (Salinity = 25 g/l), respectively. The mean survival percentage of Phallocryptus spinosa cultured in natural habitat water (64.3%) was higher than aerated tap water (23, 3 %). Also, feeding with Nanochlorepsis caused higher survival rates. On the other hand, Beakers yeast caused higher mortality rates. Therefore , regarding to relatively high sensitivity of these species to physico – chemical and nutritional conditions of their culture medium, it is better to culture these species with expantion of their natural habitat in order to preserve their biodiversity , culture and increase stocking density with regard to environmental considerations .
    Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Physico-chemical ; Environmental ; Fairy Shrimps ; Phallocryptus spinosa ; Hatching ; Culture ; Biotechnique ; Species ; Anostraca ; Phytoplankton ; Growth ; Temperature ; Salinity ; Phylla ; Feeding ; Survival rate ; Mortality ; Biodiversity
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Refereed
    Format: 104pp.
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  • 4
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    Squid (Loligo loligo) : The new source to extract omega-3 and omega-6 rich marine oils (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Squids belong to the cephalopod family, which composes more than 5% of the total annual fishing volume of southern Iran as by- products; however, these do not have significant usage in Iran. This product was studied to extract the high-value products, i.e. marine oils rich in unsaturated multiple-band fatty acids from 50kg squid (Loligo loligo) obtained from Chabahar fishing port and transferred to Urmia Research Center for further action. Extracting oil from squid was done by using the Dyer and Bligh standard method. The results indicated that 13±5% of wet weight of squid was oil; the percentage and profile of the extracted oils were made by using the G.C method. The results showed that squid oil had 29.40% saturated fatty acids and 23.70% single- band unsaturated fatty acids, and the total value of the unsaturated multiple-band fatty acids of the same was 40.20%. Also the contents of arachidonic acid was 2.78%, linolenic acid was 3.10%, linoleic acid was 5.20%, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was 15.40%, and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) was 9.60% of the total fatty acids. The results demonstrate that squid is considered for the first time as the new and rich source of Omega-3 and Omega-6.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Fish processing ; Loligo loligo ; Squid ; GC ; Omega-3 ; Omega-6 ; EPA ; DHA
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.100-107
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  • 5
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    Determination of permitable distance between coldwater culture farms with common water supply in pirdanan river of West Azarbaijan (2018)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Regarding the increase in world population and decrease in fish stock, there is an urgent need to aquaculture practices. Coldwater fish culture is aiming at production and providing a part of protein needs of the country and a way reaching to self- sufficiency and preserve the water resources. Recently, multi- purpose use of water resources potential and especially the rivers of west Azarbaijan, for example, construction of fish farms at upstream of permanent rivers in order to make optimum use of the resources and the increase in employment has been considered . The waste water of these pools is usually discharged into the rivers. Regarding to increased production per unit area due to water resources and cold water fish culture restrictions to use regional facilities and fish farm construction, it is nessacery to determine limits between 2 farms. In this study with the goal of evaluation of the impacts of trout farm effluents on water quality parameters of Pirdanan River, the factors of water current, temperature, pH, EC, TDS, TSS, DO, BOD5, NH3, N-NO2, N-NO3, TP P-PO4 according to standard methods were determined montly during 2014-2015 . Sampling sites were entrance, exit of Maroofi trout farm and the distances of 700, 1400, 2100 and 2800 m after the farm exit. Seasonal sampling of macro invertebrates from mentioned sites was conducted using stone leaching. The family and genus of macro invertebrates were identified using identification keys and abundance of macro invertebrate phylums for each site was determined. The results revealed that the values for water current, EC, TDS, TSS, N-NO3 were significant. the values of water temperature, BOD5, TDS, TSS, N-NO3- , N-NO2-, NH3, P-PO4- , NH4+, N-NH3 were increased in site 2 compare to site 1 in all months and gradually in the river and its self- purification were decreased. In this study, 4 phylums, 4 classes, 7orders and 14 families of macroinvertbrates were identified from Pirdanan River. Ephemeroptera had the highest abundance in site 4; while Diptera had the highest abundance in site 2 (exit). Regarding that most of Diptera macro invertebrates were from Chironomidae, so it can be concluded that site 2 was the most pollutant site and sites 5 and 6 were more suitable condition. Therefore, considering the physic- chemical factors and macro inverteberates indices, 2100 m from entrance, (site 5) is recommended compliance with veterinary organization rules and other conditions of aquatic engineering, environmental and water operation standards.
    Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Onchorhynchus mykiss ; Culture ; Water quality ; Permitable distance ; Macroinvertbrates ; Coldwater ; Common water
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Refereed
    Format: 54pp.
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  • 6
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    Limnological of Bukan Dam Reservoir (2018)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: In order to limnological study of Bukan Dam reservoir, sampling was performed monthly from determined sampling sites from April 2013 to March 2014. Sampling was conducted in reservoir lake by a PVC pipe with 2.25 m length and 5 cm diameter by columnar method. Besides, in more dipper (〉5 m) sites, sampling conducted from bottom to surface with 1-m intervals (layer sampling) by a 2-liter Ruttner type sampler. In rivers due to water flow sampling was conducted by a scaled measure. Phytoplankton sampling was performed by 1-liter bottles. Zooplankton was sampled by filtering of 30 L through 55- micron plankton net. These samples were then transferred into bottles and sampling date and the name of station were attached on the bottles. Then, the samples were fixed immediately and transported to laboratory. It should be mentioned some physical parameters were determined in situ. Also, a 2-liter and another 1-liter water were collected to determine chlorophyll a and chemical factors respectively. Samples were preserved in dark and cold place for a week. The upper layers (without phytoplankton) were removed and the lower layer (with phytoplankton) was sampled into 5-ml chambers. The enumeration and identification was performed by a Nikon TS100 inverted microscope with ×400 (Phytoplankton) and ×200 (Zooplankton) magnification according to Utermohl (1958) method. About 50 fields were enumerated for each sample. The comparison of physicochemical and biological factors with standard criterion indicated that the presence of a fertile plain, agricultural growth, drought and higher water demand in recent years, as well as, higher population density, the Saghez city which is the main source of pollution in Bukan dam reservoir has caused that Bukan dam is in the transit state from mesotrophy to eutrophy. The results of the present study suggested that higher trophy in Bukan dam reservoir together with algal high density has negatively affected the Fish life and has reduced the stock in the lake. However, complementary studies should be performed prior to releasing. In this way the problems of other ecosystems should be prevented.
    Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Limnological ; Plankton ; Eutrophication ; Phytoplankton ; Zooplankton
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Refereed
    Format: 82pp.
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  • 7
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    Molecular barcoding of the Aras reservoir alga Microcystis aeruginosa (Kützing) Kützing 1846 by ITS-2 gene (2018)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Today, due to population increase and anthropogenic activities together with sewage and agricultural waste water entrance, aquatic ecosystems have been exposed to high pollutions. Phytoplankton is a group of waterfloating algae that have crucial roles in providing nutrients and oxygen for other organisms, nitrogen and CO2 fixation. These organisms are considered as primary producers in aquatic ecosystems. They are found in various water habitats all over the world, affected by environmental variables such as pH, light and temperature and used for determination of water pollution degree and quality. Phytoplankton composition and density may be used as a complementary indicator of water trophy state. Phytoplankton communities indicate short and long term variations of aquatic systems. One of the most obvious problems in freshwater ecosystems is algal bloom or over growth of some blue- green algae which can decrease oxygen, and in some cases bring about toxin excretion and fish and human kills. In addition, many of bloom forming cyanobacteria produce secondary metabolites which can create sever poisoning in mammals including human. The genus Microcystis is a key bloom forming cyanobacteria in aquatic ecosystems. Populations of this genus form intense blooms in water bodies that has attracted more attentions in recent years. Various species of this alga have been distributed in stagnant and eutroph freshwater around the world. Microcystis has been defined by genetic criteria such as 16S rRNA molecular sequencing, but its classification in levels lower than genus is unclear and the presence of its classical morphospecies is doubtful. However, this genus creates sever blooms in eutrophic waters all over the world and many species produce toxins. Therefore, identification of its natural diversity in the levels lower than genus has high importance. However, several characteristics of Microcystis morphotypes which are classified a traditional species, actually are present and observed in different regions of the world. At present, they can be considered as morphospecies that belong to one genotype and have similar ecology. These traditional species with definite phenotypic and ecophysiological characteristics cannot be eliminated completely. Their identification is essential for ecological and ecotoxicological studies. Interistic transcribed separator (ITS) gene is a section of genome which is located between 16s rRNA and 23s genes. This gene has more heterogeneity than 16s rRNA; so it is used to identify many genera of cyanobacteria. The Aras reservoir located in the north-west of Iran plays important roles as fisheries, drinking and agricultural water supply and recreational activities in the region. The present thesis was undertaken to: analyze the Microcystis sp. populations by molecular methods such as ITS in Aras Reservoir. Samples for molecular analysis were collected from 10 sampling sites on 18 August 2013. Samples for molecular study of Microcystis were collected from two different depths (surface and 1 m depth) and transferred to laboratory without any treatments. Microscopic images of Microcystis were sent to professor Komárek and was confirmed.
    Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Molecular ; Barcoding ; Microcystis aeruginosa ; ITS-2 ; Gene ; Population ; Aquatic ; 16S rRNA
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Refereed
    Format: 44pp.
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  • 8
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    Determination of chemical and biochemical composition of Artemia uramiana cyst shells and its extraction chitin (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24796 | 18721 | 2018-08-06 16:04:34 | 24796 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: Artemia urmiana cyst shells collected, purified and dried from ashore of Rashkhan and Bozorgrah in the Urmia Lake in January and February 2002. According to the results obtained by standard methods of analyses the cyst shell contains: 4.8±0.5% lipid, 32±2% protein, 10.5±1.0% moisture, 0.5±0.2% haematin and 20.6±2.0% total ash. The chemical composition of ash are: Na2O 1.98%, MgO 1.14%, S03 6.82%, CI 3.23%, K20 2.12%, CaO 4.05%, Fe2O3 1.68%, Zn 0.05%. The chitin was extracted from Artemia cyst shells by using different methods of demineralizaion, delipidization, deproteinization and decolorization. The yield of extraction from cyst shells was 28±3%. Composition of chitin was determined by FTIR, X-Ray Powder diffraction and C.H.N.O analyser. Artemia urmiana cyst shell contains approximately about 28±3% percentage chitin.
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Artemia urmiana ; Chitin ; Cyst shell ; Chemical and biochemical ; Urmia Lake ; Iran
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 1-12
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  • 9
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    The study of possible biotechniques and normative to production some species of Anostraca (Phallocryptus spinosa) (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25363 | 18721 | 2018-09-14 07:46:07 | 25363 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: This project was carried out in order to determine the hatching conditions and laboratory culture methods of Fairy Shrimps (Phallocryptus spinosa). Physico- chemical factors and phytoplankton of natural habitat of this organism was investigated in Khasellou region around Azarshahr – East Azarbaijan province. The results showed that occurance and growth of fairy shrimps in their habitates were beginning from early Aprill and their survival was decreased with increasing temperature, precipitation and increasing the salinity of their culture medium. Then they disappeared. Their habitat phytoplankton contained 3 phylla and 10 genera, from which green algae enjoyed the greatest density in May. The pool salinity was around 20-17 g/l, when metanauplii was observed in early spring. In the pool containing and without fairy shrimps the oxygen concentration was high (9 mg/l) and low (2.9 mg/l), respectively. In 9 prawn ornamental fish genera, feeding with fairy shrimp showed a significant higher fecundity and hatching percentage compared to manual diets (cow liver, spinach). In all groups fed with fairy shrimp the duration of spawning time were reduced from 15 to 8-10 days and the color was enhanced. The means of cyst number per captured female also, cyst, decapsulated cyst and Naupilli diameters were mesured 142.9±19.0 cysts, 273.2±4.9µ, 242.4±3.8µ and 542.6±27.0 µ, respectively. The hatching rate was increased by reducing temperature and salinity of their culture mediums from 25 to 15 ◦C , and 28 to 18 g/l, respectively. The highest hatching was observed on 5th day at 15 ◦C and 18 g/l (5, 33 %). In addition, low but multiple hatching was observed. Therefore, water temperature and salinity affected hatching rate in this species. The hatching success of Phallocryptus spinosa cysts was better when collecting cysts together with dry sediments of their habitat without separation sensitive cysts. In addition to cold keeping and freezing, the hydration – dehydration method caused more diapause deactivation for hatching induction. The laboratory results revealed that the survival of fairy shrimps were highest at 15 ◦C (42%) and lowest at 25◦C (26%), respectively. Also, their life was inhibited in 30◦C. In different salinities, the mean survival rate were 26% (Salinity= 15 g/l) and 20% (Salinity= 25 g/l), respectively. The mean survival percentage of Phallocryptus spinosa cultured in natural habitat water (64.3%) was higher than aerated tap water (23, 3 %). Also, feeding with Nanochlorepsis caused higher survival rates. On the other hand, Beakers yeast caused higher mortality rates. Therefore, regarding to relatively high sensitivity of these species to physico– chemical and nutritional conditions of their culture medium, it is better to culture these species with expansion of their natural habitat in order to preserve their biodiversity, culture and increase stocking density with regard to environmental considerations .
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; East Azarbaijan province ; Fairy Shrimps ; Phallocryptus spinosa ; Hatching ; Culture ; Biotechnique ; Species ; Anostraca ; Phytoplankton ; Growth ; Temperature ; Salinity ; Phylla ; Feeding ; Survival rate ; Mortality ; Biodiversity
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 104
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  • 10
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    Stock assessment of freshwater crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus) in Aras reservoir (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25567 | 18721 | 2018-10-05 17:27:57 | 25567 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: 360 funnel traps were prepared as 30 in one row. They were bitted and located in different depths in sampling sites. Two rows each composed of 30 traps were located by stone, linking rope and boat with 50 m distance in sampling stations. The results showed that the average of total length of caught crayfish was 106.26±12.89 mm and their mean weight was 38.79 ± 15.54 gr. The largest crayfish had 171 mm length and 216 g weight. Also mean of total CPUE was 9.72±4.49 individuals in the study period. The evaluation by Schnabel approach indicated that fluctuation range of freshwater crayfish biomass with more than 120mm length was 131-313 with an average of 212.59 ±30.23 kilograms per ha. In this study freshwater crayfish biomass with more than 120mm length was 247 × 10^3 kilograms. The Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY) was estimated 83 × 10^3 kilograms. In this study ّFecundity and biometry of crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus) was investigated during 2012-2013. The results showed that the average of total length of caught crayfish was 106.26±12.89 mm and their mean weight was 38.79 ± 15.54 gr. The largest crayfish had 171 mm length and 216 g weight. Mean number of ovarian and pleopodal eggs were estimated at 286 ± 82 and 246.31 ± 80.41 eggs (with 95% confidence limits), respectively. In this research, male to female ratio was obtained 1.21:1. The time of male moulting at 16°C was started from April and was ended in the late May, when the water temperature reached to 18° C. The second moulting of males and the first moulting of females was performed simultaneously in 18°C water temperature at September. Reproduction of freshwater crayfish was started from November and continued to May of the next year. Harvesting period was from May to late November.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Iran ; West Azerbaijan ; Aras reservoir ; Freshwater ; Crayfish ; Astacus leptodactylus ; Fecundity ; Biometry ; Population changes
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 104
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