ALBERT

Description: Caspian trout (Salmo trutta caspius) is one of valuable fishes of the Caspian sea for people living in the Northern coastal area of Iran. Since fish stock and natural resources protection is one the Iranian fisheries research objectives, the most activity on Caspian trout rehabilitation was focused on releasing thousands of smolts in the rivers discharge to Caspian Sea. Catch statistics of this species has declined over last decades thus this study on quality of provided brood stocks and producing fries with suitable quality can help rehabilitation and rearing of this valuable species. Several rivers were considered for providing brooders to keep genetic resources variety of sea stocks. In spawning season 25 (9 male, 16 female) and 30 (5 male, 25 female) brooders were collected from fishermen in Mazandaran rivers and Gyilan coasts provinces respectively. After propagation and larvae rearing, 11500 (10-15 g.) and 50000 (less than 10 g.) juveniles were released in Gyilan and Mazandaran rivers respectively.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Larvae of the chironomid midges (blood worms) are known as use full live food for cultured aquatics. There are endemic blood worms in sediments of the earthponds of Bafgh area at center of Iran. This study tended to identification of two chironomid species, Chironomus aprilinus Meigen, 1830 and Dicrotendipes sudanicus Freeman, 1959 & 1961, from Iran as a new record. Culture of blood worms was successful in glass thanks with 16h. light, at 24-26°C temperature. Eggs were incubated after 14 days. Suitable concentration of harvesting is 1-2 egg masses (1250eggs/m2). Enrichment of earthponds or plastis thanks including sedime is offered for culture of chironomid larvae. Collectors prepared with low cost materials are useful for collection of egg masses. May, June and July are the best time for egg collection. Large blood worms are mainly avalable in winter. Results of body analysis of the larvae indicated high dry matter with good quality.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Carp aquaculture is one of Maine potential for commercial and rural development , employing enhancement and earning income .This enterprise which is conducted by using fresh water and unfertile lands have been attended in the country since last seven decades. In accordance to wide area of cultivation in the country, maximum production is about 150000 tonnes in 2010. Establishment of aquaculture center by technical deputy of president, made a suitable opportunity for preparation of carp development road map. In this report, present condition and problems in front of carp development have been analyzed , and regarding to targets of long term country development, projects for research and executive sectors have been prepared.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: An artificial Reef is a fabricated, underwater structure, typically built for promoting marine life in areas of generally featureless bottom. Creating artificial reefs began from 2000 in southern provinces in Iran. This study has surveyed about the Bushehr and Khozestan states. The objective is to determine the effectiveness of artificial reefs in attracting and enhancing the production different aquatics through increasing of fish assemblage and fishery. The performance of artificial reefs deployed off the coast of the Persian Gulf in 10 to 15m, was evaluated. The reefs comprised of seven artificial and one control (natural) statistical tests plan in three replicates. Three types of artificial reefs were used in this study. That two were designed reefs and one was not designed or used material. The experimental plan consisted (i) Reef ball (R), designed hemispherical shaped; (ii) Laneh Mahi (L), designed pyramid shaped; (iii) Used material (U); (iv) mixed (RL); (v) mixed (RU); (vi) mixed (LU); (vii) mixed (RLU); and (viii) control site (CS). Trap nets and under-water visual census surveys were adopted for seasonal sampling of fish aggregation. Results of statistical analysis using ANOVA and T-test of the mean Catch per Unit Effort (CPUE) showed significant difference (p〈0.05) in term of computing number of fish for aggregation of fishes. The study has concluded that reef deployments have influenced favorably the fish communities and fish harvests. Therefore, the artificial reefs, especially the mixed RLU, are appropriate tools for future fishing enhancement in the Persian Gulf of Iran.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Striped grey mullet (Mugil cephalus) is a marine fish with high commercial value and widespread distribution. The grey mullet and some other mullets can be found in saltwater, brackish and fershwater habitats at tropical, subtropical and also temporal climates.This species is suitable for aquaculture worldwide due to living in wide ranges of water temperatures and salinities, acceptable growth rate, suitable food conversion ratio, marketability, suitable species for polyculture with shrimps, marine fish and even with freshwater carps. The grey mullet is farming in different countries such as Italy, Northern Africa countries ( Egypt), occupied Palestine, India, Pakistan, Japan, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Vietnam, Indonesia, coastal countries of southern pacific ocean and Hawaii. Ten thousands of fries of this species (average weight and length of 280 mg and 28.3 mm respectively) imported in March 2008 from Egypt. The wild fries colleted from surrounding natural waters of Alexandria. After finishing the quarantine steps, they stocked in four earthern ponds (each with 2500 m2) located at the Gomishan shrimp educational centre at late march in 2008. At the first year of culture the densities were 5000 and 10000 individuals per hectar and each treatment with two replicates. At second years densities changed with 2000 and 2500 ind./hec. and each of traetments divided fishes with average primary weights of 80 and 115 grames. The fries and fish feeding begins in April when the water temperature rise above 18 °C and it cut in fall when the temperature goes under 20°C. They fed twice a day at 8 AM and 2 PM and the amount was 5-7 percents of the fish existent biomass in each ponds. They fed with dry formulated feed made of Mahdaneh Karadj Company (Danso dry feed) both the first and second years of farming. The feed prepared for carps feeding and containded 23±2 % crude protein, 10 ±2 % crude lipid, about 7 % crude fiber, 15 % ash, 40 ±2% carbohydrates and with energy content of 4000±200 kcal/kg. After seven months culture period the average weight and length of fish in treatment 5000 ind./hec. were 113.7 gr and 21.1 cm respectively and in treatment 10000 ind./hec. the average weight and length were 86.6 gr and 19.6 cm respectively. At first year the average survival rate in different treatments was 77 percent. The average FCR in treatments 5000 and 10000 ind./hec. were 3.4 and 3.9 respectively. At second years after six months culture the average weights in pond no. 9 (with primary weight 115 gr and density 2000 ind./hec) , pond no. 10 (with primary weight 80 gr and density 2000 ind./hec) , pond no. 11 (with primary weight 115 gr and density 2500 ind./hec) and pond no. 12 (with primary weight 80 gr and density 2500 ind./hec) calculated as 476.6 ,338.1, 366.5 and 440 gr respectively. The average survival rate and FCR were 93 % and 3.1 respectively. Ponds no. 9 and 11 (fish stocked with primary weight 115 gr in densities both 2000 and 2500 ind./hec) selected as the best economic efficient treatments.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: This investigation conducted for evaluation Silo (Cylindrical) Fish Tanks as an applicable method for aquaculture of Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Current research was designed in two practical phases as accidental experiments through 3 treatments and repeats of which stocked by three Rainbow trout (375 gr) densities as 75, 100 and 125 fish/m3 in 9 silo fish tanks (2 m3). For better understandings of the silo performance method, concrete circular fish tanks (similar volume) considered as controls and stocked as similar fish densities as silo tanks. The duration of the first phase of experiment was 150 days. The second phase of the experiment was determined for evaluating two proposed silo type (Inlet and outlet in bottom side / Inlet from bottom and outlet in upper side). In this stage, proposed silos (stocked by fish of 294 gr weigh) tested for rearing trout for 30 days. Water supplied from two surface wells after some aeration operations. Stocked fish were fed by pellets made by Fish Feed Chineh Company (Ltd) in Iran. Feeding operation conducted according to the recognized manuals by consideration of water temperature, fish weight and biomass. Meanwhile, biometry operation conducted in 10 days intervals while fish were anaesthetized. In addition, water quality was determined by daily measurements. According to the results of the first phase of experiment, there were significant variations on Growth rate, survival rate, FCR, FCE and SGR through the cultured organisms in silo tanks compared to the circular tanks. Meanwhile, according the results of an economic study on this survey, the fish culture in silo tanks showed significant economical and profitable in compare to controls. In additions, the second phase of experiment showed better aeration conditions in silo tanks when inlet water supply from bottom side and outlet located in upper side. Because of the fine distribution of fish in silo tanks and more usage of depth by this method, fish culture would be an applicable and profitable technique in narrow lands and slopes through the mountains area. The maximum stocking rate recorded more than 100 Kg fish/m3 in silo tanks.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Gillan , Mazandaran and Gorgan provinces have temperate climate, thus they have more potential for aquatic animal culture. There are thousands hectare of lands for Aquaculure and fisheries in adjacent to Caspian Sea in this provinces. these areas(North alborz) have provided a favorable back ground for aquatic animal breeding and stock enhancement of species in the sea. As a result, this investigation executed during two stages (phases). At first stage, the goal of this project included the feasibility study and demonstrating the existing situation of fish stock enhancement activities in North Alborz area and second phase is to survey on distribution, and production activities of stock enhancing hatcheries as well as their constructions,and production time table. Survey was started frome 2006 to 2008 by using qestionaries in 7 hatcheries from tree provinces.results revieled that there are more than 10 species was subjected to restocking .Total releasing was about 300 millions of fry and finger lings in to the Caspian sea.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Thirty to 40% of total fish catch is converted to waste. Using different methods of hydrolysis of the protein can be recovered of fish waste and increase the amount of protein efficiency. In this study, the four enzymes Alcalase , protamex , pepsin and trypsin were used for hydrolysis of four fish species including common carp (Cyprinus carpio) , silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) , grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) and the Big head (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis). The effects of pH, temperature and hydrolysis time on the rate of hydrolysis were studied on soluble proteins and degree of hydrolysis (phase I ). In the second step, proximate factors of peptone been evaluated and eventually replace commercial peptone media MRS ( Lactobacillus plantarum , Lactobacillus delberuki , Lactobacillus casei , Streptococcus thermophilus ) and TSB ( Listeria monocytogenes, two species of Bacillus and Pseudomonas, Streptococcus faecium) and the optical density of bacteria at different times were compared with control samples . Results showed that the highest degree of hydrolysis and soluble proteins were referred to alcalase and protamex, pepsin and trypsin respectively. The highest value of hydrolysis, in all treatments, was attributed to grass carp and silver carp, common carp and big head respectively. The best pH and temperature for alcalase, protamex, pepsin and trypsin 8.5and 55, 7.5 and 55, 3.5, 37, 7 and 37 respectively. Best time to achieve the highest degree of hydrolysis and soluble protein was 90 minutes. Qualitative analysis showed that the highest and lowest amounts of protein and fat in the treatment of alcalase (about 70 % protein and less than 0.5 % fat ) and protamex, pepsin and trypsin was then . The results of bacteria culture showed that the highest percentage growth of lactic acid bacteria was referred to Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus casei had the lowest rate of growth. In other bacteria, Pseudomonas and Bacillus species were the highest percentage of growth and Listeria monocytogenes and Streptococcus faecium respectively. In all treatments, alcalase had the best results and the peptone prepared from fish waste grass carp had the best condition for growth of used bacteria. It seems that the initial substrate , the parameters used such as temperature, pH, and enzyme hydrolysis time , have a significant effect on the quality of peptone and protein content in the final product is determined value of protein for culture of bacteria.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Tilapia is the second cultured fish in the world. Up to 135 countries produces tilapia. Intensive culture systems of tilapia such as cage culture are recently developed because of limitations of water resources. In Iran, studies about tilapia were started in National Research Center of Saline Water Aquatics from November 2008 and some aspects of tilapia aquaculture and culture systems are surveyed. Investigation about cage culture of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus was performed in two culture periods of 2012 and 2014 in fresh and brackish water conditions of Iran for the first time. Stocking densities of fish in the cages were 25, 50, 75, 100, 125 and 150 fish/m^3 . 100g fish stocked reached 272-331 g during 80 days in the first study. However, 50g fish stocked reached 329-450 g during 145 days in the second study. Results of cage culture of tilapia in fresh and brackish water conditions showed ranges of FCR: 1.56-3.72 and 1.08-1.87, DGR: 1.63-2.91 and 2.14-2.92 g/day, SGR: 0.63-1.12 and 1.29-1.54, production: 5.98-38 and 7.17-41.6 kg/m^3 , respectively. Stocking densities 75-125 fish/ m^3 were appropriate especially in fish reared in brackish water cages.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: In order to study the Inheritance of Microsatellite Markers in the hybrid of Chalcalburnus chalcoides and Vimba vimba persa in the Southern part of the Caspian Sea, hybridization between the species was carried out during spring (2009) in Shahid Ansari reproduction and culture workstation. 30 samples from the produced larva and also small piece of dorsal and pectoral fin of their parents were collected and stored in pure ethanol (96%) and transferred to the biotechnology of the Caspian Ecology Academy. DNA was extracted from fin samples of the parents, whilst the whole F1 progeny was used to isolate the DNA by Phenol-chloroform method. Quantity and quality of extracted DNA was determined using 1% Agarose electrophorus. DNA was used for PCR ampilification of 10 microsatellite loci. The amplifications were run on 6% Polyacrylamid electrophorus. The present study showed that 7 out of 10 markers were polymorphic and variated between the parents. Goodness of fit to the Mendelian inheritance ratio was determined by X2 analysis. 4 primers were segregrated according to Mendelian expectations at a significance level of P 0.05. Based on UPGMA dendrogram (Nei, 1978) two different clusters were obtained in which Chalcalburnus chalcoides and hybrid were in the same cluster but Vimba vimba persa was in the other. It seems that Vimba vimba persa is a joint ancestor for these two. High heterozygosity presence in parents and their F1 shows the high potential of genetic variety in Chalcalburnus chalcoides and Vimba vimba persa which from the aquaculture management and conservation view is important and considering the high genetic variety in their hybrid, the hybrid has the sufficient potential for race improvement.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: The "fisheries and aquaculture industry innovation system" is one of the subsystems of Agricultural innovation system (AIS), also has many characteristics of that system .Since this section contains most of the components and AIS institutions, it can be examined as a part of the national innovation system. Due to the structure of the innovation system in the fishery system, a set of functions and institutions of this system are most important .It is therefore important that the system be analyzed and by reviewing the existing state institutions and functions of this system, the main problems and challenges identified. Understanding of the institutions and functions of fishery innovation system and analyze its problems and provide an improved model for fishery innovation system, is most activity in shaping major policy innovation in fishery sector. This step is very important to conduct innovative activities in the fishery sector. In this study, using a system perspective, the current status of the various factors affecting fishery development was assessed and the main drivers and challenges and solutions to improve the detection and analysis was provided. The results show that during the past eighty years, a number of research centers and educational institutions in the public sector have been developed .but this system, despite having considerable institutional capacity, is still in the middle stages of institutional development. In these years, the policy approach was linear, not system approach, so little attention has been to the development of science and technology intermediary institutions, coordinator organizations, venture capital funds, and the institutions of technology transfer ,particularly in the public sector.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: The Common carp is the most important culture fish in the word, that can be consider as domestic fish. The Common carp of Caspian Sea is one of the economic fish, that have some morphenological differences, resistance in salt water and better quality in meet with domestic once and for using this fish in culture system, it is necessary to establish genetically parameters especially the heritability for selection purpose. The present study have been started from 2007 and lasted 3 years. The breeders were collected from the Gomishan station in south-east of Caspian Sea by fisherman and stocked in S.Rajaei fish restocking center and propagate based on the routine propagation technique in this farm. For heritability estimation a factorial crosses by 7×7 fish were done. Therefore, the fingerlings of 49 crosses were achieved, that kept first separately fiberglass tank and then in pond separately. Weight and length of fish were choice for heritability estimation. The average weight of juvenile common carp in 3 sampling stage of 90, 180 and 360 days, were 5.9, 35.7 and 84.7 gram and length of 9.6, 14.7 and 19.2 cm respectively. The heritability estimation for weight was 0.26 and length 0.25. Selection response based on selection difference by collection the more average breeders among their progeny were 36.4 g that means by selection every generation, there is about 4 percent improving in fish weight.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Hamoun fish, Schizothorax zarudnyi, is an indigenous species of the eastern waters of Iran, which is exclusively found in this region. However recently drought occurrence in the Chahnimeh reservoirs (a semi natural water body) making them vulnerable to extinction. As an appropriate action to address this problem and according to the 3 side contract between Italian Government – UNDP - Islamic republic of Iran Government and the Italian government financial support to reduce poverty in the Province of Sistan-Baluchestan through the reinforcement and dissemination of aquaculture activities the project was developed at the Hamoun Research Unit by the Chahbahar Fisheries Research Center to record the breeding normative of 1 g weight larvae for restocking and other researching purposes. 331 broodstocks of the indigenous species Shizothorax zarudnyi weighing 800-2450 g were collected from the Chahnimeh reservoirs in early autumn, 2006. From 5/3/2007 ( the project is supported and communicated on 2010) , Ovulation was stimulated with three stimulators; pituitary extract (3-6 mg kg-1 body weight), GnRH-A (20-30 mg kg-1 body weight) and anti dopamine (10-15 mg kg-1 body weight) that was given in 2-3 doses to breeders. Of 169 injected breeders , some were injected On mid March of 2007 (12-13 ºC water tempreture) responded to the injection 25% ,while the rest were injected On April of 2008 (14-16 ºC water tempreture) responded to the injection 65%. In the present project of 167 breeders 82 were female and 87 male. Totally 30 female breeders released their eggs in different stages. 20 female breeders released their eggs completely, 3 breeders released half of their eggs and 7 released 1/3 of their eggs. The male breeders just injected in the final dose of hormontrapy and all were ready for releasing sperms however the ovulation in female breeders occurs between 353-428 h ºC and after the final dose of injection. Ripe eggs were stripped from the females and fertilization was done by the dry method. Fertilized eggs were transferred to veis incubators and troughs. Incubation period for eggs differs and larvae hatch out after about 910 days at an average water temperature of 12.5 °C. Maintained at 13-14 °C, complete absorption of yolk sac in Shizothorax zarudnyi larvae occurred after 5-8 days. Larvae were fed with a mixture of powdered milk and egg yolk in this stage followed by decapsulated Artemia cysts and nauplii of Artemia and then on formulated starter diets used for carps . Because the ponds were not ready, larvae were maintained in troughs for about ten days before they were transferred to two 1200 m2 earthen ponds where they reached a body weight of about 1 g. They were then handed over to the Iranian Fisheries department in the region. Larvae were fed with the starter feed SFCO in the earthen ponds. About 350 thousand larvae were stocked in two earthen ponds. Based on the results of present study and other studies we may conclude that artificial breeding in Schizothorax can be successfully achieved at 14-16 ºC in flow through systems using hormone therapy (combination of GnRha and anti dopamine) and larvae could be easily cultured in earthen ponds. However this species exhibits lower growth rates as compared to carps its high expenses could have an important role in economical feasible.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Limnological studies of the Zarrineh River have been performed in order to identify physicochemical and biological characteristics of this river. Water samples from 14 sites along the river length were examined monthly during a year. The results indicated the river was polluted by Saghez and Miandoab Cities sewage to the extent of poly saprob , the extent of pollution at other sites was within the limits of oligo saprob or meso saprob. The results also showed that all dissolved and mineral compositions in this river was safe for drinking but iron concentration and water hardness in the terminal sites near the Urmia Lake are higher than EPA standards for drinking . This can not, however, pose serious problem for warm water fish culture activities. Domestic sewage seem to be the most important pollution source to this river. Although the self-purification capacity of this river seem to be high but large number of polluting sites along the river exceed this capacity.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Babolroud River is one of the important rivers for fisheries and environmental aspect that locared in center part of Mazandaran province. The river has a span of 92 km starting from Albourz mountainous and end up at the southern part of Caspian Sea. This study was done for five months (3rd Feb. through 5th July, 2008) for the better understanding of pollution situation such as organophosphorous, organochlorine pesticides and agrochemical fertilizer that drainage from paddy fields and horticultures to the river. A total of three main sites for pesticides and plus five sub-sites for drainage were selected for observation in three different regions of the river (mountainous, plain and estuary). The organochlorine and organophosphorous pesticides measured by GC (ECD and TSD detectors) with US-EPA (508) and AOAC procedure and agrochemical fertilizer parameters were measured by ASTM method. The maximum concentrations of aldrin, lindane, heptachlor epoxyde, DDE and β- BHC (period 1), δ- BHC and endrin (peiod 2), heptachlor and DDT (period 3), α- BHC (period 3 & 4), dieldrin (period 4) were 6.02, 0.85, 0.51, 0.50, 0.22, 0.35, 0.23, 0.50, 0.46, 0.19 and 0.16 µg/l, respectively. The maximum concentrations of four components of organophosphorous such as Diazinon and Chlorpyrifos (period 1), Malathion (period 2), Azinphos methyl (period 3) were 1.36, 0.46, 0.44 and 2.56 µg/l, respectively. The maximum amounts of tree components of parameters of agrochemichals fertilizers indictor such as total nitrogen (period 2, sub-site 5), total phosphorus and orthophosphate (period 4, sub-site 5) and organo-phosphorus (period 3, sub-site 4) were 5990, 1290, 1220 and 336 µg/l, respectively. The maximum concentrations of organochlorine pesticides components in sediments of the river such as lindane (period 2, site 2), δ- BHC (period 1 site 3), α- endosulfan (period 1, site 2), endrin and heptachlor epoxide (period 2, site 2) and DDE (period 2, site 1) were 0.99 0.54, 0.29, 0.19 and 0.19 µg/l, respectively. The maximum concentrations of organochlorine pesticides components in fish tissue of the river such as endosulfan sulfate, lindane, endrin, δ- BHC and DDE were 0.32, 0.29 0.27, 0.25 and 0.21 µg/l, respectively.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: The alarming rate of population growth has increased the demand for food production in third-world countries leading to a yawning gap in demand and supply. This has led to an increase in the number of hungry and chronically malnourished people. This situation has created a demand for the formulation of innovative and alternative proteinaceous food sources. Single cell protein production is a major step in this direction. SCP is the protein extracted from cultivated microbial biomass. Algae, fungi and bacteria are the chief sources of microbial protein that can be utilized as SCP. Produced proteins from these microbes have various nutrition values. SCP is the manufacture of cell mass using microorganisms by culturing on available agriculture, industrial wastes and fisheries by products. Fish wastes due to high protein are the most important substrates for SCP production. In this study, SCP production was done from Silver carp and tuna fish wastes (head, tail and vise versa) and cooked water of canned tuna factories. The used microbes were six genus and species of yeasts include Candida utilis, Saccharomyces cereviceae, Rhodotorula, Khyveromyces marxians, Zygosaccharomyces rouxii and Bacillus subtilis and B.licheniformis. The examination was done in bench scale and CSTR bioreactor (Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor). The effects of various parameters such as pH, temperature, time, supplemented substrates, method of inoculation of microbes, rpm were evaluated. Changes of microbial growth and protein contents were tested by using Optical Density (OD) and Makrokjeldal methods respectively. In end of examination, produced protein were extracted and lyophilized. The results showed that protein percentage in bacterial protein was than yeast protein but wet percentage in bacterial protein was low. Production value produced from tuna fish wastes was higher than (30-45 g/l) to Silver carp wastes (25-29 g/l) and cooked water (10-15 g/l). By adding supplemented substrates, production value has been increased. Candida utilis, in comparison other yeasts, has high activation. B.licheniformis has also had more activation than Bacillus subtilis. The results of the effect some parameters on fermentation showed that yeasts and Bacillus in pH= 5.4 and 32oC and pH=6.9 and 35oC were better than growth pH=6 and 25oC and pH=6.5 and 30oC respectively. Time of fermentation in batch and bioreactor was 54 and 21 hours respectively. High rpm has been caused increasing of microbial growth in bioreactor. The conclusion showed that with optimizing of the growth condition such as some parameters (pH, temperature, substrates and so on) produced SCP with high efficiency. However, produced SCP should be exanimated with other specific tests such as amino acid and fatty acid profiles, minerals, nucleic acids and so on. After full examination, this SCP as probiotic could be used in fish and poultry feed.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: The Isolation , Purify , semi mass culture and mass culture of algae was started in bony fishes research center of Guillan from 2001-2004.during this survey 39 species of algae stock remained that all of them were pirified. Some of economic valuation of algae were studied ,forexample: food for aquaculture , protein, lipid and toxin extraction and antibacterial property. The result showed that Rodomonas sp. Initiate the most of growth and survival for Daphnia magna because this species have a lot of unsaturation fatty acid (w3) , also the species of cyclotellasp. was fed better than other algae by silver carp in this survey . amount of toxin was a little in most of algae. The species of Anabaena spp1. , Anabaena flos-aquae have Antibacterial property but Anabaena bergii, Nostoc caraneum and Oscillatoria affricanum have antifungal property.the both Antibacterial and antifungal property observed in Anabaena variabilis , Anabaena spp2.and Anabaena spp3.amount of protein in green and blue-green algae wasrespectively 51±8 and 60±10 percent of dry weight . Total lipid amount was 12±0.4 , 8±0.3 and 2±0.8 percent of dry weight respectively in chlorella vulgaris, Scenedesmus obliquus , Anabaena flos- aquae.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Artificial reefs are manmade materials deployed under water in order to improve invironment and increase the exploaitation of fishing area. Usage of artificial technic has developed due to increase of world pupolation and need to supply of protein, aim to restoring of natural spicialy rehabilitation of demersal fishes. It has effecte to increase the production in order sustainable exploitation. Coasts and Islands have destruction due to over harvesting from ecosystems and other activities by humans and natural, These caused many aquatic as demersal fishes has endangered in Persian Gulf and Oman Sea. The artificial reef is one way or method that can improve the environment and restore the aquatic. Iranian fisheries has established an artificial reefs area in west of Kish Island. This area has studied during one year, Data of assembeled fishes and physical sampling were collected in seasonal during spring, summer, autumn and winterd. Ther were tow tritment for sampling as artificial reefs site and a control site. Collected data has analyzed and evaluated by SPSS and Exel. The results showed that there was significant difference between the sites and assembled fishes in artificial reefs were more than control site. Consequently the artificial reefs can be a tool and technic to improve the marine environment and increase the production of fishes, especially the demersal fishes.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Responsible aquaculture is a new concept in Iran but in some countries there are good historical performances. In fact this concept is as the spacial challenge for developing countries in order to improvement of aquaculturist livelihood. In bangladesh, near to 60% of the people, which the most of are villagers, live under the poor line . Developing the NGOs and their activities to reach the responsible aquaculture objectives were so effective, since this activity has been knew as profitable acuaculture and many international workshops, symposiums and conferences have been held in this regard all the world . In this project, a complex of parameters affected on preparing manegement of warmwater fish farms have been studied with using previous studies and experiments of different countries and executive guidelines of four modules prepared including: - Guidline of preparing of warmwater fish ponds - Guidline of water enrichment and using fertilization in warmwater fish ponds - Guidline of using aeration in warmwater fish ponds - Guidline of stocking method in warmwater fish ponds

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: This survey was designed in the Helleh region, to understand effects of aquaculture industry on coastal waters of Busher, in 2000. Sediment and water samples were collected from effluent canal, influent canal and sea during the 7 month period (harvest and post harvest season). The variations of selected water quality parameters were controlled monthly. Results show that, in effluent canal, estimated parameters of water was higher than other stations every month, and tend to decreased after being discharged into the sea and got closed to normal level. Comparison of above data with permit able range of municipal and aquaculture waste and comparison of present data with data of normal condition of region, show that, aquaculture industry of Helleh region has not had any obvious negative effect on the coastal waters of Bushehr, in the culture year of 2000.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: The culture of Iranian Shrimps began in Bushehr in 1372. Early the green or the pink tiger shrimp (Penaeus semisulcatus) which were found in most habitats of the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea were considered in breeding and reproduction, but due to reproduction difficulties, it was rather replaced by the Monodun imported species, then the production of the white shrimp Metapenaeus affinis and Then P.merguensis in some southern areas of the country such as Hormozgan has began in small scale,but none of these species couldn't meet the economical needs of the consumer society and they were not indelible and dominant enough in the shrimp aquaculture industry of the country until breeding of Indian White Shrimp (Fenneropenaeus indicus) has began in large scale in the provinces of Khuzestan and Bushehr, which are seen as the heart of shrimps reproduction and breeding, and in Hormozgan and Sistan. the incidence of white spot viral syndrome (White Spot Syndrom Virus) led to the import of the western white leg shrimp from the USA (P.vannameii) by the Iranian Fisheries Research Organization (IFRO) in 1383, at the present all southern and northern breeding farms of the country (fundamental measures has been carried out in line of shrimp reproduction in Gorgan province in 1386) has put the breeding of this shrimp species as the single breeding species at top of their agenda. The subject of feeding the breeding shrimps is widespread and regarding to the non-proprietary species there are still some species which contain high protein than the other species in studying the different shrimp species requirements. In Iran due to the scarce factories producing the shrimp's food, the alimentary compound of the breeding shrimps during industrializing years of this type of breeding even after the non-aboriginal western white leg shrimp species being inclusive was stable and through different biological processes including: Naplies which feeds from its yalk and by entry into zoa stage start eating only small-sized phytoplankton. And by entry into the stage between zoa and mysis it feeds from phyto and zooplankton simultaneously and entering the post-larva stage it stars sarcophagi. and after 15 post-larva stage entering the growth and transition stage to earthen ponds feeding by concentrated industrial foods in large and small packages depending on young and adult mouth and due to feeding requirements of every stage the alimentary compound is nearly as follows: Digestible protein, energy, fat, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals will start and the final product will be released in market Or they will be used in the later years of laying eggs and feeding for brood stock. In feeding section the details of every stage and their food's nutritional needs at each stage and will be fully described.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: In Iran, Chinese carps (Common carp, Grass carp, Silver carp and Big head) are cultured by using poly culture methods. Carps have been interested for culture for some properties like easy to farming, fast growth, availability in all season and low lost. In this study, the amount of fatty acid composition in silver carp oil has been evaluated by urea complex method in 1, +5 and -5°C. The fatty acid was purified by crystallization method. The highest amount of fatty acid achieved in 1°C temperature. According to our results, n-3 fatty acid increased but saturated fatty acid and mono unsaturated decreased. Maximum purity of fatty acid in 1, 5 and -5°C temperature was found 67.8, 36.82 and 22.53 percent, respectively. In this project, proximate composition of silver carp meat was also evaluated. The n-3 fatty acid was microencapsulated by mass complex method and different parameters effects such as binding agent, different rate of mixing effect, ion power, different salt concentrations, usage of polyvinyl alcohol and glutaraldeid were studied. Average size of microcapsules in 100,300,500,750 and 1000rpm were found 537.2, 84.4, 12.98, 8.24 and 4 mµ, respectively. Results showed that the best salt concentration for encapsulation was 0.1 molar. In this concentration, the average of microcapsule size was received to 3.3. Using glutaraldeid, mixing glutaraldeid and polyvinyl alcohol and 0.1 molar salt and 1000rpm was prepared the best condition for formation the microcapsule.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: In order to produce a procedure for production of a natural food source for fish, amphipod Gammarus (Crustacea) were noticed, which inhabits spring-brooks in wide areas of Fars province, especially in its cold regions. Five typical habitats of these animals were firstly identified, and some of their important physical and chemical factors, including depth, current velocity, width of habitat, dissolved oxygen concentration, pH and electrical conductivity were measured monthly for one year, May 2000-April 2001. Some other factors of water quality like calcium, magnesium, and total hardness, sulfate, chloride, and potassium ions concentration were measured just once. Artificial culture were designed and conducted in three steps. At step 1, using 10 individuals in four 1000 cc beakers, firstly the effect of three different sources of water, the city pipe water, ground water (a well), and water from one of the typical springs were investigated measuring survival time in no-food condition. Then, selecting spring water, the effect of three different diet including fresh lettuce leaves, decaying willow leaves, and fish pellets on the specimen s survival were recorded. At step 2, using 400 individuals in four 40 liter glass tanks containing and supplied with fresh lettuce leaves as food source, firstly the probable effect of artificial illumination, and then, introduction of microbial flora from the habitat spring were compared to a control group. In both steps, water was aerated continuously. Finally at step 3, an experimental pond (600cm×200cm, with 50cm depth) was made and 2000 adult amphipods were introduced. Animals were fed by fish pellet. During the experiment, water temperature, dissolved oxygen concentration, and pH, along with the new population density and total body length were measured in consequent repeated times. All the data were processed by calculation of means, standard deviations, and statistical tests including Analysis of Variance and Duncan test. Results showed that in natural habitats current velocity ranged 2.5-100cm/s (Mean=29.3), water depth ranged 5-60cm (mean=25.3), water temperature ranged 11.2-18.4°C (Mean=14.4) dissolved Oxygen ranged 3.45-13.33 ppm (Mean=7.5), pH ranged 6.5-8.8 (Mean7.6), and electrical conductivity ranged 200- 760µs/cm (Mean=357), in the period of our investigation. Range of variation between five habitats was 26.55- 56.64ppm (Mean=43.48) for Chloride ion concentration, 7.20-16.80ppm (Mean=12.77) for sulfate ion, 50.50- 85.77ppm (Mean=63.00) for Calcium hardness, 99.50-246.22ppm (Mean=138.59) for Magnesium hardness, 150-332ppm (Mean=201.6) for total hardness, and 0.15-0.30ppm (Mean=0.25) for Potassium ion concentration. Culture experiments showed that spring water is significantly the only reliable source compared to the well water and city pipe water, and lettuce fresh leaves and decaying willow leaves had showed significant differences compared to fish pellet in feeding amphipods in closed and limited spaces of laboratory containers. Also, artificial photoperiod had a significant negative effect in laboratory situations which their water temperature was not controlled on low ranges, due to a rapid and huge algal growth. Adding microbial flora, which may has benefits for amphipod s better growth, showed no significant effect on their survival in tanks. Culture in pond proposed that the process of growth and reproduction acts continuously through the whole year, but it seemed that new generations did not reach the adulthood and sexual maturation until the coming spring.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Mazandaran and Gorgan provinces have temperate climate, thus they have more potential for aquatic animal culture. There are thousands hectare of salt and useless lands in adjacent to Caspian Sea. As these areas have provided a favorable back ground for aquatic animal culture. As a result, the successful results obtained from imported gray mullet (Mugil cephalus) culture project in north climate, it has demonstrated that the gray mullet has a good biocharacteristic for culturing in pond enclosure environment and in different aquatic conditions (fresh water, brackish water and salt water). From 1998 until 2001, the broodstock yield and gray mullet artificial propagation projects were performed by fisheries research center of Mazandaran in Ghomishan prawn culture station in adjacent to Caspian Sea (East north of Mazandaran Province). This investigation executed during two stages (phases). At first stage, the goal of this project included the survey of possibility available about matured fish as well as induction of final maturation and artificial propagation for producing of broodstock and larva. In addition, in this way, we will obtain new information about gray mullet propagation and culture as marine species. We introduce mass production in aquaculture. At present research, the possibility of broodstock yield and artificial propagation of gray mullet have investigated by gray mullet fingerlings imported from Hong kong and then they have cultured in earth ponds of Ghomishan areas during five years (1994-1998). In order to broodstock production in spring 1998, two earth ponds (0.5 hectare) were prepared. 100 specimens of fish stock (1-2.5 kg weight average and 5 years of age) placed in each pond. For providing of suitable water and nutrition, fish were fed by food containing rich protein (40%) with 3-5% body weight and maintained in water with 30-35 ppt salinity. The survey of sexual maturation was performed by sampling of sexual glands through year. There were four stages in dominant female broodstocks. This survey indicated that oocytes have emerged stage 1 (immature) from March to June, stage 2 (yolk vesicle) in September and stage 4 (yolk globule) in October. Three stages (first, second and third) of yolk formation in oocytes will occur but these stages take place in October, December and January respectively. It's obvious that oocytes will progress into the end of third stage (yolk formation) and then their growth was arrested. Ovum with 600 m diameter was observed when the water temperature declined less than 18 c and day time was short (from middle autumn to middle winter), on that time, fish were induced by hormone because lack of final maturation and ovulation, there fore, natural spawning was not occurred in pond condition. Furthermore, artificial propagation of mugil cephalus was occurred by hormonal induction. Hormonal induction was utilized by inject of many hormones (LHRH, Cph, HCG). Using different components of hormones and also their different doses obtained the best results from broodstock that the average ovum diameter was about 600 m. Several types hormones which were injected into gray mullet with two or several intermittent (24 h intervals) along with 20-25 c temperature and 30-35 ppt salinity. This condition can provide stage 4 maturity for fertilization. Totally (as whole), three intermittent fertilization was necessary for exiting of larva, larva production in first, second and third intermittents that were 2000, 2500 and 300 specimens respectively. Larva fed on chlorella algae and rotifera and they have maintained for 14-15 days. The results of obtainable research indicated the possibility of gray mullet broodstock production in cultural condition, artificial propagation and larva production. This research took place for the first time in north climate of Iran.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: This project was carried out in order to determine the hatching conditions and laboratory culture methods of Fairy Shrimps ( Phallocryptus spinosa). Physico- chemical factors and phytoplankton of natural habitat of this organism was investigated in Khasellou region around Azarshahr – East Azarbaijan province. The results showed that occurance and growth of fairy shrimps in their habitates were beginning from early Aprill and their survival was decreased with increasing temperature, precipitation and increasing the salinity of their culture medium. Then they disappeared. Their habitat phytoplankton contained 3 phylla and 10 genera, from which green algae enjoyed the greatest density in May. The pool salinity was around 20-17 g/l , when metanauplii was observed in early spring. In the pool containing and without fairy shrimps the oxygen concenteration was high (9 mg/l) and low (2.9 mg/l ) , respectively . In 9 prawn ornamental fish genera, feeding with fairy shrimp showed a significant higher fecundity and hatching percentage compaired to manual diets (cow liver, spinach). In all groups fed with fairy shrimp the duration of spawning time were reduced from 15 to 8-10 days and the color was enhanced. The means of cyst number per captured female also, cyst , decapsulated cyst and Naupilli diameters were mesured 142.9±19.0 cysts , 273.2 ± 4.9 µ , 242.4± 3.8 µ and 542.6 ± 27.0 µ., respectively . The hatching rate was increased by reducing temperature and salinity of their culture mediums from 25 to 15 ◦ C , and 28 to 18 g/l, respectively.The highest hatching was observed on 5 th day at 15 ◦ C and 18 g/l (5, 33 %). In addition, low but multiple hatching was observed. Therefore , water temperature and salinity affected hatching rate in this species.The hatching success of Phallocryptus spinosa cysts was beter when collecting cysts together with dry sediments of their habitat without separation sensetive cysts . In addition to cold keeping and freezing, the hydration – dehydration method caused more diapause deactivation for hatching induction. The laboratory results revealed that the survival of fairy shrimps were highest at 15 ◦ C (42%) and lowest at 25◦ C (26%), respectively. Also, their life was inhibited in 30◦ C.In different salinities, the mean survival rate were 26% (Salinity = 15 g/l) and 20% (Salinity = 25 g/l), respectively. The mean survival percentage of Phallocryptus spinosa cultured in natural habitat water (64.3%) was higher than aerated tap water (23, 3 %). Also, feeding with Nanochlorepsis caused higher survival rates. On the other hand, Beakers yeast caused higher mortality rates. Therefore , regarding to relatively high sensitivity of these species to physico – chemical and nutritional conditions of their culture medium, it is better to culture these species with expantion of their natural habitat in order to preserve their biodiversity , culture and increase stocking density with regard to environmental considerations .

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Scientific and practical planning for achieving the lofty goals of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the framework of development plan of 1404 is the requirement to achieve sustainable development. Establishing roadmap of industries and products was considered by the scientific and technology office of the deputy president, in order to achieve the abovementioned objectives and in line with the national scientific comprehensive map. Therefore, present study was conducted as the roadmap of national aquatic-food processing development using available approved documents e.g. Iran perspective of 1404, fifth developing plan of I.R. of Iran, developing plan of Iranian fisheries organization in 1400 and the available approved statistical data. Current perspective of the aquatic-food processing is presented at the first chapter of the study. The second chapter reviewed the problems and obstacles. Third chapter tabulated the published studies and researches in fish handling and processing so far. Finally fourth chapter recommends executive and research projects considering quantitative and qualitative objectives of Iran 1400 plan as well as fifth developing plan of Shilat-Iran (Iranian fisheries organization). Authors hope the study to be useful in the national planning of I. R. of Iran in the future.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: In this study ichthyoplankton, phytoplankton, zooplankton, benthics and hydrochemistry parameters were studied. 9 out of 11 sampling stations were in the Gorgan Bay area and 2 of them were in the mouth of the Bay. Ichthyoplankton survey were carried out in 6 stations and the other surveys such as phytoplankton, etc were done in 11 stations in 2009. Gorgan Bay map and position of sampling sites are given at the end of material and methods section. Biomass and frequency of phytoplankton at different stations, months and seasons were calculated that are presented in Tables 1 to 3. Hydro-chemical parameters such as water temperature, air temperature, visibility, DO, BOD5, pH, Alkalinity (bicarbonate, carbonate and total) , Hardness (calcium, magnesium), CL,EC, Salinity, N (nitrate, nitrite, NH3), Phosphate were measured and results are shown Table 11 . Biomass (mgr/m3) and numbers (ind./m3) of 47 genus of different phylum of phytoplanktons such as Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta, Pyrophyta, Chrysophyta and Euglenaphyta as well as different phylum of zooplanktons consist of Protozoa, Arthropoda, Rotifera and Cyliophora were estimated. Frequency of phytoplanktons (ind/m3) was 131.2, 1.6, 65.3, 18.9 and 23.8 millions respectively. Furthermore, their biomass was 308.4, 1.9, 1358.9, 295.1 and 124.7 mg/m3, respectively. The maximum and minimum numbers were observed in Leptolingbaya belonged to Cyanophyta and Diatoms of Chrysophyta 84.3 and 0.025 million ( ind/ m3) respectively. The maximum and minimum biomass was observed in Gyrosigma (Chrysophyta) and Tetradron (Chloropyta), 12317.3 and 0.014 mg/m3 respectively. The average biomass of zooplankton was measured 531.74, 30.77, 225.07, and 96.26 mg/m3 respectively and the total was attained 883.83 mg/m3 Table 5 . The maximum and minimum biomass of all zooplanktons was estimated in November and July, 3446.23 and 6 mg/m3 respectively. Furthermore, the maximum and minimum numbers of zooplanktons were found in September and July which were 48.4 and 0.002 millions respectively and the average number was 8.4 ind/m3 Table 4 . Also numbers and biomass (gr/m2) of 11 families of benthos which inhabit Gorgan Bay such as Annelida, Mollusca and Arthropoda were investigated in separated stations and distinctive months. The maximum and minimum biomass of benthos was observed in January (42.91 gr/m2) and March (0.6428 gr/m2). The biomass was considerable in April, February, August and December (Tables: 4, 5 and 6).

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: For hand feeding of Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), a kind of fish used in integrated carp culture, two kinds of pellets with Alfa alfa as current food were suggested as follows: 1. Pellet B with low fiber and high protein 2. Pellet C with high fiber and low protein The ingredient ratio was powdered and mixed, by adding water, fiber was made and minced the minced pellet was put on net tray and then in blotter to be dried and ready for use. In this experiment food quality analysis and also food water stability was measured. Regarding sampling, growth rate and weight increase of fish and FCR of each ratio was determined. Results indicates diet C is not able to compete with Alfa alfa from the stand point of weight increase, FCR and price. But diet B with low FCR and higher growth rate and higher price (not meaning ful P 5%) can compete with Alfa alfa.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: This study has been carried out to evaluate the possibility to culture shanak (yellow fin seabream: Acanthopagrus latus) fish in the ground pond. The study including two experiments. In the first experiment two commercial available feeds (403 as shrimp food and F.F.T as trout food both produced by Chineh company) are used to evaluate the growth performance of the bream Juvenile produced artificially in the Bandar Imam Mariculture Research Stationin weghing 2.72- 3.54 g. To perform the first experiment 6 ground ponds each with 0.25 ha area are used as replicates 3 ponds randomly allocated to each food. 5000 in dividual juvenile fishes are stocked in each pond. After 116 days rearing period well growth performances are achieved for both foods with no significant difference (P 0.05) between them, although better growth performances are observed for F.F.T food. The final weight (WE), SVR ,FCR and SGR of shanak for F.F.T food respectively were 23.29 ± 11.14, 95.98% ±0.78, 1.39 ±0.26 and 3.47±0.23 where for 403 food were 22.08±9.95 , 89.67%±8.75 , 1.53±0.12 and 3.25±0.33 respectively. In the second experiment in which only trout food was used the target was to examine the growth parameters of shanak juvenile in a full rearing period (198 days) in the ground pond. Juvenile fishes with 36.53 g were used with same methods adopted for the first experiment. The final weight of 206.3 g is achieved by 89.35% SVR and 1.92 of FCR. Results of this experiment showed that the growth quickly improved with fast rate along with the increment of temperature and salinity up to 25ºC and 14 ppt respectively. There after by the raising the temperature and salinity more than 25 ºC and 14ppt respectively the growth reduced.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: This project was performed to evaluate the qualitative and quantitative operation of hatcheries and shrimp culture Sites in Hormozgan province during years 2004-2006. All the active hatcheries including one hatchery located in Bandar-e-Jask, Three hatcheries in Bandar-e-Kohestak, one hatchery in Bandar-e-kolahi and two hatcheries in Qeshm island also three shrimp culture sites including Tiab-e-Shomali, Tiab-e-Jonubi and sayeh khosh were surveyed. The Information about scientific and technical persons, employments, productions, important problems and also situation of costs and net were recorded in special forms. Results were analyzed by descriptive statistics. Results revealed that about 50% of the hatcheries located in Hormozgan province are closed through the different problems such as, failure of customer, failure of a distinct plan for post larvae producing, high coast of producing parameters and so on. Results also revealed that only 7.1% of farms located in sayeh khosh area, about 40.2 % of farms located in Tiab-e-Shomali and 62 % of farms located in Tiab-e-Jonubi areas are active. The two later areas have established about ten years ago. The most problems of most farm in Hormozgan province are the failure of sufficient knowledge of farms managers, high cost and low quality of shrimp foods manufactured by huge factories and low cost of cultured shrimps. Final, it can be said that problems of hatcheries are depended to shrimp farms problems. If problems of farms be did, problems of hatcheries will be did.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: To study the preparation of frozen minced meat from abramis brama orientalis commonly known as sim from Arras lake and from silver carp cultured in the Azerbaijan province, and later this minced meat converted to fish ball and fish burger, in this process microbial, chemical and organoleptic tests was done on samples for frozen minced meat on Sims fish the TVN was 10.1 in zero phase and 14.1 after three month and peroxide value from 0.9 t0 3.1 at the same duration. But he value was higher when converted to fish ball, TVN ranged from 14 to17.6 and per oxide from 1.1 to 4.7 after three month, the unit for TVN was mg/100gram and peroxide unit meq/1000 gram, the microbial tests was also resulted in an acceptable range, the meat of Sims fish had no significant difference with the silver carp comparatively only the color and the smell of the fish was little different, so we could conclude that we can use Sim fish meat for frozen minced meat product and this can increase the consumption of fish in the region in the future.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Rutilus kutum is one of the most important economic fish species of Iranian costal of Caspian Sea. This species conducted more than 60% of fish caught in Caspian Sea annually, and more than 10 thousands fisherman engaged to its fishery. In present study, kutum fingerlings reared in two different densities include of 25 and 40 fish/m2 with mean weight of 17.5 ± 5.87 g. The period of test being planned 10 weeks and the test organism housed in circular concrete pools of 3 m3 capacity with flowing water and aeration in pools are supplied. The fishes feed by extrude food with 45% crude protein and 14% crude fat. After termination of the experiment, the result showed that weight gain performance, specific growth rate, condition factor, food efficiency rate and protein efficiency rate decreased, while food conversion ratio increased with rising of density, as their different was significance in two experimental treatments (p〈0.05). The kutum reared in low density showed significantly higher survival rate (SVR) (with 88.8%) than high density (with 76.9%) (p〈0.05). Based on the different observed effects of the density on growth and survival, it is recommended the use of a 25 kutum/m2 density for rearing by Caspian Sea water.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: During 2006 to 2007 Litopenaeus vannamei was dominant cultured species in Bousher and Khouzestan .....

Description: Published

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Beacaus of increasing genetic variation and avoid of future hazard, monoculture of Iran native shrimp species , penaeus semisulcatus (green tigershrimp) is considered. One of the most important problems in monoculture is detection relationshipbetween biological and nonbiological factors, and thier effects on growth and survival of species.This study was caried out in four ponds (four ponds 0.4 ha). According to results, this species of shrimp needs to quantiative foods , otherwise it caues canibalism, abnormal distribution, in weight distribution diagram of shrimp and reduction of production in squere unit. Amongindependent factors such us water temprature, salinity, PH, transparency,water deep and food consumption rate, four first factors have the mostcorrelation by shrimp weight (r2=0.922).Shrimps weight variation in 3 Range,25-28, 28-31and more them 31 degree centigrade were studied. There wassignificance difference in shrimp rate variation in 3 ranges which werementioned (P〈0.05). Shrimp had best growth in 25-28 degree centigrade.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: The study was conducted to achieve growth, survival and reproductive characteristics of four Artemia populations (A.urmiana , A.franciscana , Pakistan strain and Turkmanestan strain). In this study, The strains were cultured under the same and static environment in laboratory condition. All cysts strains were hatched using the standard methods and the nauplii from the populations were cultured in laboratory condition using 80 g/L salinity , 25±1 ºC with photoperiod ( 12L: 12D) and Dunalliella tertiolecta were fed. The growth and survival of artemia were determined on days 8, 11, 14 17 and 20 of culture. Randomly, The adult population were placed in 50 ml conical falcons and reproductive characteristics were determined. The results revealed that the survivorship A. franciscana had the highest survival (%99.8) and A.turkmanestan lowest survival (%92.1) The results revealed that the in growth rate while pakistanian strain had the highest growth rate(8554 micron). The results revealed that the reproductive characteristics in each population of species , the highest cyst production were observed in A urmiana, A.franciscana and A.turkmanestan strains and the highest nauplii production was due to pakistanian strain. The highest production were observed in A. franciscana and lowest production were observed in turkmanestan strain.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Regarding the increase in world population and decrease in fish stock, there is an urgent need to aquaculture practices. Coldwater fish culture is aiming at production and providing a part of protein needs of the country and a way reaching to self- sufficiency and preserve the water resources. Recently, multi- purpose use of water resources potential and especially the rivers of west Azarbaijan, for example, construction of fish farms at upstream of permanent rivers in order to make optimum use of the resources and the increase in employment has been considered . The waste water of these pools is usually discharged into the rivers. Regarding to increased production per unit area due to water resources and cold water fish culture restrictions to use regional facilities and fish farm construction, it is nessacery to determine limits between 2 farms. In this study with the goal of evaluation of the impacts of trout farm effluents on water quality parameters of Pirdanan River, the factors of water current, temperature, pH, EC, TDS, TSS, DO, BOD5, NH3, N-NO2, N-NO3, TP P-PO4 according to standard methods were determined montly during 2014-2015 . Sampling sites were entrance, exit of Maroofi trout farm and the distances of 700, 1400, 2100 and 2800 m after the farm exit. Seasonal sampling of macro invertebrates from mentioned sites was conducted using stone leaching. The family and genus of macro invertebrates were identified using identification keys and abundance of macro invertebrate phylums for each site was determined. The results revealed that the values for water current, EC, TDS, TSS, N-NO3 were significant. the values of water temperature, BOD5, TDS, TSS, N-NO3- , N-NO2-, NH3, P-PO4- , NH4+, N-NH3 were increased in site 2 compare to site 1 in all months and gradually in the river and its self- purification were decreased. In this study, 4 phylums, 4 classes, 7orders and 14 families of macroinvertbrates were identified from Pirdanan River. Ephemeroptera had the highest abundance in site 4; while Diptera had the highest abundance in site 2 (exit). Regarding that most of Diptera macro invertebrates were from Chironomidae, so it can be concluded that site 2 was the most pollutant site and sites 5 and 6 were more suitable condition. Therefore, considering the physic- chemical factors and macro inverteberates indices, 2100 m from entrance, (site 5) is recommended compliance with veterinary organization rules and other conditions of aquatic engineering, environmental and water operation standards.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: 30000 juvenile Indian majour carps (Labeo Rohita,Cirhinus merigala, Catla catla) imported (2007 and 2008) and transferred to the earthen ponds in Astaneh Fisheries Research Station (Gilan ) and Sheiban Resaerch center (Khozestan) , In order to assess the viability of rearing fry up to 1 gram fingerlings under the climatic condition of north and south part of Iran . Growth parameters from the larval stage to 1 g were studied also .The fry with 300 mg weight, were released in to 3ponds.specimens were separated to tree experimental categories. fishes were fed with artificial food and also with the natural products of the ponds which were enriched with organic fertilizers, after being equally stocked in the ponds .During the experiment, oxygen level ,PH, turbidity, and temperature were measured . Monthly fry samples were taken, for weight and length biometrical analysis and also determination of the weight gain percentage, average daily growth rate, specific growth rate. Results have indicated adaptations and considerable growth in this species, with an increase from the initial weight of 300 mg to an average of 13.5±1.6 mg in 50 days period until the end of November for fingerlings.Catla was gain 1 g. during 15 day while Roho and Merigal were gain 1 g. during 14 and 10 days respectively. Results revealed that the Indian majour carps compatibility with the condition in Gilan province was succesfull and the combination of species and optimization of their compatibility specialy in other provinces like Sistan and Baluchestan were remind for futhre studies.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Marine polychaete worms living in different beds from coastal areas, so different cultures can be different effects on their development. The evaluation of this research initially, marine polychaete worms were collected in low tidal sea areas from Gulf Persian coast in Bushehr. During several stages of sampling do more than 2000 pieces of worm were taken and then transferred to Bandarga Shrimp Research Station (Iran Shrimp Research Center). So based on a observation the desired species identification (Perinereis nuntia). Then 400 pieces worm selected and transferred to tanks maintain immature worm (fiberglass tanks with dimensions of 2 × 2 × 0.5 m with 15 cm sand on floor). The results showed that even the worms (P. nuntia) in vitro reached sexual maturity able to spawn in captivity conditions and were absolute fecundity of 16010 ± 17630 eggs. After incubation eggs, larval culture into the plastic tank with 70 cm diameter, larval (1.5 to 2 mm) were introduced with density 2000 (pieces/m2). In this research used to three different beds ( tidal , filled with water all of time and wet bed ) with three different food types (food shrimp, seaweed and vegetable waste), so there were 9 experimental treatments. All experimental treatments harvested and estimate production in each of them after 270 days. The seaweed tidal treatment with amount of 21.17 g/m2 had best results and the all of wet treatments with 0 g/m2 was the lowest production. Compare of beds showed that the tidal treatments have significant difference with other beds in growth factors (e.g. mean weight, survival percentage and total production) (P〈0.05). And for effect of food kind on growth factors, the result of difference foods in tidal treatment were analyzed. According this mater any treatments have no significant difference together in growth factors (e.g. mean weight, survival percentage and total production) (P〉0.05).

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: The lack of sustainable management programs has resulted in the drastic decline of sturgeons stocks in the Caspian Sea in the past two decades. Legal catch quotas for all Caspian littoral states has dropped from 28500 tons in 1985 to 460 tons in 2007 while caviar production in the Caspian Sea during the same period decreased from 3000 tons to 70 tons. Caviar production in the I.R. of Iran dropped from 305 tons in 1985 to about 11 tons in 2007. The "Strategic and applied research planning for sturgeon management and conservation" was developed with the collaboration of academicians from universities, researchers, experts, fishery authorities and representatives of the executive government to maintain sustainable development and rational management of sturgeon stocks in the Caspian Sea. The preparation and development of this planning was carried out through 121 sessions (2100 person hours) A comprehensive report (375 pg) was prepared which was divided into five volumes; Volume I comprises an introduction, objectives, strategies and planning, present status of production and caviar harvest, catch and export quotas, revenue generated and release of sturgeon fingerlings, Volume II comprises analysis of the problem by constructing a problem tree with 8 broad categories to analyze 344 problems and an objective tree which is the hierarchic flowchart of objectives with 9 broad categories with 241 items, Volume III comprises a review and analysis of previous and ongoing research (414 projects) on different aspects of sturgeon during the past 40 years, Volume IV comprises prioritizing research objectives outlined by the objective tree and finally Volume V which prioritizes primary objectives for 14 executive and 10 research programs. On the basis of the evaluation of the present status and for the sustainable development and rational management of sturgeon stocks a strategic and applied research planning program was proposed and developed within the framework of three primary objectives; 1) Management and sustainable use of Caspian Sea resources (5 programs), 2) Rehabilitation and restoration of stocks (5 programs), 3) Development of aquaculture (4 programs). The applied research program for each proposed executive program was outlined in 10 programs, 42 comprehensive plans and 222 projects. The primary objective on management and sustainable use of Caspian Sea resources includes 5 programs, 14 comprehensive plans and 63 projects, while the primary objective on rehabilitation and restoration of stocks includes 4 programs, 16 comprehensive plans and 87 projects. The primary objective to address sturgeon aquaculture includes 1 program, 12 comprehensive plans and 72 projects. The impacts and outcome of each of these programs was determined and presented. It is evident that if the present situation persists, the catch figures for adult sturgeon specimens and caviar production in Iran will reach zero in 2021. But if concerted efforts are taken and the proposed strategic and applied research planning program is executed (commencing from 2009) we can put a halt to these declining trends. By producing sturgeon fingerlings to restore population abundances, by conserving and protecting them in the Caspian Sea and by conducting applied research we can produce 206.4 tons of caviar by the year 2033. Apart from harvesting caviar from the Caspian Sea we can also annually produce 3000 tons sturgeon meat and 60 tons farmed caviar starting from the year 2023. The total budget proposed for implementation of this program for a period of 14 years (2008-2022) is USD 2483 million. If this budget is allocated in time and the proposed strategic program is properly and totally implemented, we can not only save many sturgeon populations from extinction but also ensure job opportunities for 6000 fisherman, provide 1480 new job opportunities and annually produce 266 tons of caviar which will generate USD 4957 million.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: In the present study, the possibility of marine culture of Asian sea bass in the shrimp earthen ponds located in the Gwadar r region (coastal area of Oman Sea, southeastern of Iran) was investigated. To this end, Asian sea bass frys reared for 7 months including 1 month nursery and 6 months growth-period. During the culturing periods, fish were feed ad libitum by various commercial rainbow trout diets based on fish growth stages. After nursery period, the average weight of 11.05±1.5 g and survival percent of 65 % were obtained for fish. During the growth-out period, the average weight increased continually from 31.4±4.7 g in late June to 252.1±30 g at the end of growth-out period in late Dec. Also, the highest values of monthly weight gain yielded during August, Sept and Oct when fish had the average weight range of (76.9±14.4)-(188.1±12.8) g. The values of monthly feed conversion ratio (FCR) were low and similar from July to Oct and then increased in Nov and Dec. The values of total monthly feed intake (FI) increased continually from July to Oct and then with a decrease in Nov, increased again in Dec. The values of survival percent after nursery and growth-out period were 65 % and 66% respectively. Also, the average of monthly FCR, FCR at the time of fish harvesting, total FI and total harvested biomass were 1.36, 2.5, 630.5 kg and 325 kg. in conclusion, the pond culture of Asian sea bass with marine water results appropriate survival and growth rates so that fish (11.05±1.5 g) obtained marketable weight (252.1±30 g) during 6 months culturing period. It seems that first-half of year in Gwadar area is more suitable for sea bass culture since this time periods results better FCR ( fed by rainbow trout feed) and has economic justification. Also, with regular sorting operation and providing of species-specific feed for Asian sea bass can increase the Production per Unit Area.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: The plan entitled "designing and establishment of ISO/IEC17025 in laboratories of three research centers affiliated to Iran Fisheries Research Organization" was carried out in the frame of three projects from March 2008 for about three years. Among the laboratories of The Persian Gulf ecological research center, the Caspian Sea ecological research center and the national shrimp research center 7, 5 and 3 laboratories were selected for accreditation, respectively. The quality manuals of the test laboratories were written following the requirements of ISO/IEC 17025. During the establishment of the system standardization of the test methods, calibration of the equipment, test methods validation and update and improvement of physical conditions of the laboratories were performed. The technical and quality management competence of the laboratories affiliated to the Persian Gulf ecological research center were evaluated by the auditors from DGA (the German Accreditation System for Testing Laboratories), which is signatory of ILAC (International Laboratory Accreditation Co-operation). But in the case of the two other centers, the laboratories were accredited by Iran Accreditation System (IAS). The laboratories officially accredited, after the successful completion of the accreditation process (including implementation of corrective actions for the detected non-conformities). Production of reliable results of the test methods from national and international scientific organizations' point of view as well as facilitation in development of bilateral and multilateral relations with them can be considered as the advantages of the system establishment. Moreover, exchange of the relevant scientific information and experiences among the researchers will be facilitated

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: An experiment were conducted to evaluate The effect of feeding frequencies and stocking size on growth and feed conversion ratio (FCR) of rainbow trout (O. mykiss) in brackish water for 102 days. Three stocking sizes (10, 25 and 40 g/fish) of rainbow trout and three feeding frequencies (feeding fish twice, three times and four times per day) were examined as the same time. Fish were fed at a restricted feeding program according to the rainbow trout standard table in the definite times during the light period. The results showed that in the group with 10 g initial weight increasing the feeding frequency, some growth factors like final weight, daily growth, and weight gain. But the other factors such as food conversion rate (FCR) and specific growth rate (SGR) decrease. It means in this group (10 g) two times feeding per day is not enough for an acceptable growth rate. In the two other groups with (initial weight 25 and 40 g) although by increasing the feeding frequency, some growth factors a little increase but these differences in 95% level (p≤0.05) are not significant. Therefore in rainbow trout culture with initial weight at least 25 g two times feeding per day was enough. The results of carcasses analysis of fish, showed that by increasing the feeding frequency there were no significantly difference at 95% level between the body compositions in all of treatments. With connivance of feeding frequencies, the best FCR was in the group with 10 g initial body weight and there was not any significant difference in SGR. So according to the results, it suggests that fish should be stocked with 10 g initial body weight.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Due to lack of access to comprehensive and up-to-date information regarding equipment, personnel, laboratory services tariffs and chemicals in the laboratories of Iran Fisheries Research Institute and felt the necessity of having this information for optimal management of the laboratories, it was decided with regard to all information needs in this area and using previous experiences in this regard as well as the experiences of other institutions and related organizations at the national (and even international) level, the system would be designed. The main purpose of implementing this plan was to establish and implement a software system based on web technology to create a comprehensive database of the Fisheries Research Institute's laboratories, so that in addition to organizing information, using periodic reports on various related areas a more appropriate monitoring and management system could be applied. Fortunately, after the design and implementation stages, the system in early January 2011 was fully applicable. The main parts of this system include portal; database; advanced data entry, search and reporting capabilities; direct tests order system and discussion forums.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Accurate scientific and practical plan for achieving the goals of the Islamic Republic of Iran within the framework of Vision development 1404 , is the infrastructure achieving sustainable development of the country . Order to achieve the above mentioned objectives and in order to the comprehensive development plans in the country, Iranian fisheries research organization adjust the fifth developing plan for support of executive related departments in country with mobilization a large number researchers consists of several working groups of ifro affiliated research centers . The fifth developing plan consist of three chapters for report of the forth developing plan and intrudction of research , construction plans and financial support (budjet) for period of 2011-2014 A.C .

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: This study was carried out on rivers, basins & qanat of Qom region during the 1376-1378and Fish samples were taken from 2 permanent rivers (Qomrood ,Ghara_chag)& from some seasonal ones (Tagharood, Zavarian, Vesva, Biraghan). Also local fishes was followed in 100 qanats in the region and Random fish sampling was done in permanent river extension out of province. This study aimed to recognize different fish species in the province water reservoir and estimating the fisheries potential in the province. For fish sampling nets such as mashk, salik, hook and hand tailored were used. Electroshoker was not used at all. Results of fish recognition showed that fish samples belong to 12 species & 4 family of "cyprinidae", "Balitoridae", "cyprinodontidae" and "poecilidae".The qanat fishes of the montain (kahak, Khagestan) and pastora area (Ghanavat,jafarabad) included by two families of "cyprinid", "Balitoridea".In some qanat which were connected to rivers more species of fish and anotherAquatic animal were observed & sampled.At the and map of geographical distribution of local fishes was planned.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Tilapia studies in Iran were begun since 2008 and different aspects of tilapia aquaculture in are researched. In the present study, limnologic factors of indoor and outdoor tilapia culture ponds, also growth performance of the cultured tilapia were investigated at the National Research Center of Saline Water Aquatics, during the culture period of 2016. Water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, salinity and ammonium concentration were measured. Depth of water transparency, the composition and frequency of plankton and macro benthos of the earth ponds were studied. Total length and weight of fish were measured to evaluate growth performance. In the earth ponds, the ranges of minimum and maximum of water temperature were 16.6-27.5°C and 20.5-31°C. The range of dissolved oxygen was 2.11-10.19mg/l in the morning and 7.06-14.64mg/l in the afternoon. PH was recorded 8.97-10.9 in the morning and 9.04-11.00 in the afternoon. The depth of the water transparency was 40- 105 cm. Water salinity was 7.94-8.82 ppt. The concentration of NH4+ changed from less than 0.05 to 0.4 mg/l. The frequency of phytoplankton and zooplankton was 2050-2848 and 269-101 per liter, respectively. The dominant phytoplankton and zooplankton were chlorophytes, diatoms and rotifers. The abundance of macrobenthos was 3467-558/m 2 and the dominant group were chironomids. Pearson 2-tailed correlation between the amounts of factors including temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH, NH4+ , length and weight of farmed fish in earth ponds showed a direct significant correlation between pH value against ammonium concentration, and total length against body weight of the fish, also between pH against water temperature and total length of the fish. There was a reversed significant correlation between the dissolved oxygen against water temperature and pH (p 〈0.05). In indoor tanks, the range of water temperature was 29-24°C, dissolved oxygen 1.65-8.38mg/l, pH 9.37-7.25, water salinity 7.12-7.7ppt, and ammonium 0.16-0.5 mg/l. Pearson 2-tailed correlation between the amounts of factors including temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH and ammonium with length and weight of fish in ponds showed a direct significant correlation between the length and weight of the fish body with each other, the amount of salinity against pH, salinity against total length and body weight. Also, there was a reversed significant correlation between the amount of dissolved oxygen against water temperature, pH and the total length of the fish.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: This research was carried out to determined water reuse effects on growth indices of rainbow trout. For this reason 4 groups includes: control (with use of 100% fresh water), Test 1(rearing with use of 30% recycled water (with physical filtration) and 10% fresh water), Test 2(using of 10% recycled water (with physical filtration) and 30% fresh water), Test 3(using of 100% recycled water) was done. Fish stock of each groups were done with 62 fish in each square meter and average weight (15±1.5).The Growth index, SGR,CF, FCR, SR between different groups in each month was calculated and determined. In this research comparison the average of month growth increasment between different groups indicated that significant decrease of growth in test groups with control group and also 1 and 2 groups with 3 group (p 〈 0.05). There were not considerable differences to comparison this factor between groups 1 and 2(p 〉 0.05). To comparison FCR, SR, MR has shown a significant difference between different groups to each other (p 〈 0.05). These results shows that with increasing the replacement of water in rainbow trout culture ponds with recycled water cased significant decrease in SR and CF and significant increase in MR and finally decrease in production and density per unit area (p 〈 0.05).

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: In this study which was carried out in khoozestan province, 1100 pieces of common carp (Cyprinus carpio), silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) and Big head (Arysthychthys nobilis) from different parts of the province were examined. From each part, 10% of the fish farms were sampled according to the fish density at each farm. parasitic infection of gastrointestinal tract were studied on 600 pieces of silver carp (60% ) , 244 pieces of common carp (25%) , 51 pieces of Big head (5%) . only Grass carp was infested to protozoan and metazoan parasites . thirty percent of examined Grass carp of 2-730 gr weight were infested to Hexamita but infestation was more severe in Grass carp with 20-40 gr weight . macroscopic manifestation included : dysphagia , weakness , circulating movements, paling of gills , stomach inflammation , intestinal inflammation , ascitis and yellowish gut contents . in severe and intestinal necrosis along with hyperemia was apparent . the cestoda , bothriocephalus opsariichthydis ( Rudolphi , 1808 ) with an infestation rate of 35 % were only observed in Grass carp in 2-40 gr . Grass carp that showed severe infestation, intestinal blockade was observed with more than 100 parasites. The length of adult cestoda was 450-530 mm and its width was 5mm. in severe infestations, macroscopic manifestations included: ascitis, abdominal inflammation, swimming on water surface and emaciation . Histologic studies showed necrosis of intestinal wall, hemorrhage and localized necrosis . In fishes with severe infestations, inflammation was observed . Infestation with the nematode, capilaria was observed in 10% of 20-750 gr Grass carp . No macroscopic symptoms were identified in the samples , but microscopic examination showed acute necrosis along with hyperamia and submocusal hemorrhage . lymphocytes were also observed . Adult nematode had a width of 0.075 and a length of 7.5-8.5 mm.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: The project carried out at Shrimp Research station of Bandargah in 2011 to determine the production parameters such as; Average body weight, production, survival and feed conversion ratio in closed- recirculating aquaculture system for shrimp culture. This project was performed in 4 m3 fiberglass tanks. 3 tanks was chosen for the control and 3 were assigned to treatments. Considered Species in this treatment was white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) that with a density of 60 pieces per square meter, and was reared for 90 days. culture in control as usual and change water regularly, but the treatments did not change water during the period of culture. Water in the treatment tanks was going to turn the filter system and waste was removed by mechanical and coal filter embedded in the route, and after filtering was transferred to the wastewater tank. Wastewater Was aerated in this tank and after 24 hours was pumped out and return to treatments tanks. In the final of project, mean weight, survival rate and production for control and treatment, was respectively, 18.27 ± 2.84 and 20.70 ± 1.47 g, 73.83 ± 4.14 and 77.17± 13.66 percent, and 0.81 ± 0.14 and 0.97 ± 0.23 kg/m2. Statistical analysis results show that there are no significant differences found between treatments and control (P〉 0.05), although in all the above criteria, the relative improvement was achieved to compared of control. But the results of feed conversion ratio was 1.27 ± 0.16 for treatments that are significantly different (P 〈0.05) with controls (1.56 ± 0.23). This result showed that efficiency of the food was better in closed- recirculating shrimp culture system.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Increasing of biodiversity and reduction of production costs and alo increasing of shrimp production are the main elements of production security and continuation of aquaculture of shrimp in the country. The hypothesis of this study is made on the basis of aquaculture of pacific white legged prawn , litopenaeus vannamei, and that is economically better than Indian white prawn in bushehr area . This study was carried out with the objectives of determination of bionormatives of pacific white legget prawn and yield estimation per squar meter and has been compared with Indian white prawn. During 1384-85. In this study , the field operations were carried out after primary preparation and water enrichment with the juvenile prawn (pL 15) with 20 prawn per squar meter in the 3 ponds . During the study the phisico-chemical parameters such as water temperature, ocsysion, pH,two times per day , in the morning and evening and salinity , transpiration and depth water , only one time in a day were measured .The health of prawns and also sampling for the calculation of body weight were carried out in every 10 days . Feeding in the first month was randomly and after that was being continued based on the mean of the body weight. The results of this study have showed that the growth of this species is very fast so that during 90 days with the capacity of 20 prawns per squar , meter, it can be reached to 19.59 gr body weight with the growth rate of 0.217 gr . The mean of total production was 2737.5 kg per hectar with FCR=1 . During this study the salinity from 33 ppt to 54 ppt , water temperature from 24.3°c to 35.2°c , occsysion from 2.4 to 11.89 mg/l , pH from 7.83 to 9.01 , transparency from 35 cm to 90 cm and water depth from 100cm to 145 cm were measured and recorded . In the second year, the comparison of growth rate of white legged prawn and Indian white prawn was carried out in the four ponds. The results of this study showed that during 110 days. White legged prawns was reached to average of body weight 14.66 gr and Indian white shrimp, reached to 10.75 gr. The economical assessment showed that white legged prawn has an economical advantage around 2.59 times during 110 days with the capacity of 35 prawns per hectar.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: The object of this survey is to enhance maturation of Astacus leptodactylus by temperature modification in order to have juveniles in the starting period of crayfish culture and to reach an acceptable market size at the end of one period culture as well. The research initiated from 27 November 2000 and lasted on 21 November 2001 at safidrood shilati research station. Crayfish brooders were catched by funnel trap from arass reservoir on late November 2000 and transferred to safidrood shilati researchstation , hold on concret pond as long as to observe eggs. Enhancing of the time of maturation conducted on one treatment and four replicate with raising temperature of the medium to 18-20 ºc . Four replicate used for control under natural temperature which ranged between 13.3 to 20.4ºc with average 16.8ºc . The dissolve oxygen concentration varied from 5.12 to 9.46 mg/l while Phof water were between 7.25 to 8.10 on mide April 2001. Egg development were observed on treatment which were one month earlier than control. Each crayfish produced 5 miniator with average individual weight of 50mg. The jovial of both treatment and control rared for seven days. Fed by dafni , chapped kilka and rice brain . To evaluate the relative growth between control and treatment, two soil pond with surface area of 100 m2 were used for the culture. The duration of culture concerning to treatment was 210 dfays while for the control was 180 days.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Shrimp culture and rearing industry in particular white leg shrimp species (Litopenaeus vannamei) is one of the major activities in the world, including Iran. The outbreaks of diseases are the main factors limiting production. Due to the adverse effects of abusing antibiotics and chemical disinfectants, disease control and prevention requires novel methods that are affordable, effective and safe for the environment and humans. For this purpose during the five months, sampling was done from three main sites of shrimp culture in Bushehr province and 150 pieces cultured white leg shrimp, 135 water and sediment samples were collected from the ponds, input and output channels by standard methods. Physicochemical parameters of water and biometry of shrimps were done and recorded. Probiotic isolation was performed by culturing samples in Tryptic soy agar and TCBS after incubation in 30º C for 24-48 h. The antimicrobial effects of culture extract of isolates were evaluated against V. harveyi with the well diffusion method and the best isolates were selected. The molecular identification of selected bacteria was performed by 16S ribosomal DNA gene sequence analysis technique. The growth kinetics of selected bacteria and effect of environmental factors on antimicrobial compound production and stability of them in salinity (1.5-5.5%) and (0-50ppt), pH (5-9) and temperature (3040º C) and (35-100º C) were studied respectively. After the determination of antibiotic resistance profiles of them, the In vivo test on the L. vannamei post larvae was performed and effect of these bacteria on growth performance, prevention of vibriosis and water quality include (ammonia, nitrate nitrite, turbidity, total bacteria and Vibrionaceae load were examined. For extraction and identification of bioactive material with anti-bacterial properties produced by selected bacteria, dialysis, SDS-PAGE electrophoresis, ultraviolet spectroscopy and gas chromatography mass was performed. According to the results of this dissertation the most frequency of facultative aerobic and anaerobic heterotrophic bacteria was seen in shrimp digestion tract (3.04 ± 0.75) ×105 CFU/g in September .Genus Vibrio spp. (37.88%) and Bacillus spp. (27.27%) had the most frequency respectively. Of the 198 bacterial isolates, two bacterial strains from the digestive tract and sediment which had the highest inhibition and a stability antagonistic effect on V. harveyi were selected. Based on 16S ribosomal DNA gene sequence analysis, they were identified as Bacillus subtilis subsp. inaquosorum strain IS02 (GenBank: JN856456.1) and Bacillus vallismotis IS03 (GenBank: JQ085958.1) and recorded in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). According to results of identifying bioactive material produced by selected bacteria, in SDS-PAGE electrophoresis Bacillus subtilis subsp. inaquosorum strain IS02 did not have any band but Bacillus vallismotis IS03 had two band in 25 kDa and 34-45 kDa molecular weight which probably bacteriocin like substances and group III Bacillus bacteriocin respectively. UV spectra of selected bacteria were in the range (260-265nm) which related to peptide groups. In GC-MS the highest percent of chromatogram was belonged to pyrrolopyrazines in both of selected bacteria, which have antibacterial properties. Overall, according to results both of the selected bacteria were adapted to the ecological conditions of shrimp culture and could be used as appropriate probiotics in this industry. It is hoped that the results of this research is to produce a step towards the realization of national production of indigenous probiotic in Iran.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: In order to optimal using of constructed earthpond in fesendoz area which in not used for the maine objective ( warm water fish culture) because of previous drought years, the possibility of them for Artemia culture with drainage (40 ppt) and salin well (90ppt) waters between 2012-13 were evaluated. In the first year 2 ha and in the second year 7 ha were prepared according to standard method and artemia nauplii were released 60 /L then fertilized with fertilization method in order to obtain 40 cm transparency with using sechi disc. After reaching to adalt stage and in order to fertilization management Artemai biomass were harvested daily 300 to 1000 g base of the early and late production periods. After observed the cysts it gathered by using sachok, proccess and maintain in freezer for stopping diapousthen dried and canned in 330g can with 7±1 % humidity. All the production costs for biomass 100000 Rials and for cyst 1800000 rials while they selling 250000 rials and 2500000 Rilas respectively.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: The objective of this study was to evaluate 4 levels of feeding defined as 1.ad libitum to satiation, 2.Standard feeding (based on fish size and water temperature), 3.10% less than that of standard feeding and 4.10% more than that of standard feeding on growth, feed conversion rate (FCR) and carcass quality of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) reared in 12 aerated flow-through fiber glass tanks (2500l rearing volume, n=150 fish per tank, body weight average 45 g) comprised of 3 replicates under the condition of brackish water (salinity 8.4 g/l) in Bafgh Fisheries Research Station in center of Iran. The increase in average body weight (BW) and size of fish in different feeding groups was significantly different (P〈0.01) during the experiment (101 days) and the highest average BW and size increase occurred in the group fed ad libitum to satiation. On the contrary, FCR (average±SE: 1.27±0.09) in this group was statistically lower than that of the other groups (P〈0.01). The chemical composition of carcass was significantly influenced by the level of feeding (P〈0.01) and the percent of moisture, crude protein and ash was the lowest in the group fed ad libitum to satiation while the crude fat percent in this group was the highest of all. According to the results obtained in this study, an ad libitum feeding regime is suggested for rainbow trout production in fish culture systems of central desert regions in Iran under the condition of brackish water. However, further investigations are needed to draw firm conclusions, especially in earth pond cultures with different conditions, enriched in live food.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: In order to "An investigation designing a suitable plan for sholam research warm water fish ponds and culture and hatchery", survying some of refrences and scientific papers were done. As a result the infrastructures of that plan were determined, and the diagram for relation between structures was designed. Finally according to the diagram,three plans were distincted, and some of them with desire advantage was selected.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Biological characteristics of Liza klunzingeri were studied in two coastal areas, Sajaphi and Bahrekan, of eastern Khuzestan during March to February 2007. Among total 1880 measured fish specimens, 947 specimens were analyzed. The mean value of Gonado-somatic Index (GSI) for the male and female fish were calculated as 0.96± 1.39 and 3.25 ± 3.26 respectively. The GSI value was highest in November and lowest in July. The mean value of condition factor (K) was 1.25± 0.14 in male and 1.21± 0.15 for female. The highest K value were observed in June and the lowest value in February. The lenght at first maturity regardless of sexuality, was found to be 14.5 cm and the time of spawning based on reproduction pattern were determined in Nov- Dec. The length-weight relationship were calculated as Y=0.024L^2.76 (n=226R2=0.72) for males, Y=0.011L^3.00 (n=444R2= 0.78) for females and Y=0.0208L^2.82 (n=670R2 =0.82) for total fishes and also it’s found significant in level lengthweight relationship in (P〈0.05). According to biological characteristics and referring to American fisheries society (AFS) indices and Fuzzy logic expert system, Lize klunzingeri is classified as low vulnerable species.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Without Abstract.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Esfahan province is located in center of Iran at 51° 31 ' E and 33° 29 ' N with area near 15745 Km^2 that consists of 9 percent of the country. According to cilianinof scale it enjoys an arid climate. The mean annual precipitation is equal to 135 mm. Average annual temperature is 16.8 °C and mean annual evaporation is 2435 mm in Gavkhoni catchment's area. It has several drainages channels such as north and south rodashtain, segzi drainage, main drainage of water supply organization channel, fender drainage, main drainage, Marchi class II drainage and other drainage channels. Their waterdebi volume is equal to 900l/s. Also, their water can not use for agriculture, drinking and industrial purposes due to high salinity. This study was concluded to optimal use of these water resources aiming at possibilities of culture and propagation of Artemia from Urmia Lake. In this study, physicochemical factors analysis of water, the climate profile, and fauna and flora of the region were identified and determined. In rodashtain region drainages, 2 sites in varzaneh and Sian drainages from gavkhoni wetland limitation were chosen and studied. Water samples in 50-100 liter volumes were taken from their run off waters with 3 replicates. Artemia cysts were hatched under standard laboratory condition according to Lavens and Sorgeloos, 1996). Cyst hatching was carried out in 1.5 liter conical zooks. 2 g of Artemia cyst per one liter of drainage water was added to each treatment together with one evidence. Hatching percentage and hatching efficiency were determined. Hatching percentage and hatching efficiency after 76 hours were equal to 55 ± 10 percent and 92000 ± 1200 Nauplii /g cyst in the evidence with tap water and 27±5 % and 31000±1000 in varzaneh drainage water and 13±5 % and 11000±1000 in Sian drainage waters, respectively. Then , all hatched nauplii were cultured in 3 aquarium containing each 100 liters together with one evidence with 3 replicates containing 50 liters in each aquarium in laboratory . Nauplii were fed using a suspension with rice bran, Dunaliella and Naunochlorepsis with density of 2 ×10^ 6 cell/ml. The growth of Artemia Nauplii was slow at the first week of culture and then continued with suitable norm and lower mortality until maturation. The mean size of Nauplii length reached to 9 mm after 2 weeks. Their fecundity was 50 cyst per female. The drainage waters of studied sites can be used as a suitable water source at semi- industrial Artemia production pilot in the region.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: This research was conducted to finding of Cheshmeh-Ali and Shahcheraghi-Dam downstream areas potential for developing of aquaculture industry. The present study was conducted based on available information and data from monthly and seasonally sampling including geographical area, margin lands and fluctuations of river water, seasonal climatic changes view point of rainfall, temperature, wet, evaporation, wind velocity, sunshine hours, frost and also chemical and physical parameters of water including temperature, alkalinity, total hardness, chloride, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, organic phosphorous and nitrogen, suspended solids, turbidity, water flow and flood conditions, and in addition phytoplankton and zooplankton communities, macrobenthic invertebrates, fishes, aquatic plants, amphibians, reptiles, birds. Results showed that the upstream and downstream regions of Shahcheraghi dam are not suitable for warm water aquaculture in earthen ponds. But view point of cold-water aquaculture, particularly trout, there are some good situations. Also it can be suggested different culture systems including of race way, octagonal concrete ponds, semi-circulation and circulation methods. But, due to water restrictions in the area, semi-circulation and circulation system is preferred. In ideal conditions can be produced about 1,600 tones of trout, if all the capacity of this area be used for aquaculture. Otherwise, in limited circumstances view point of exploitation possibility of the water, only about 700 tons can be produced. In addition, there were appropriate facilities in spring area of Cheshmehali for tourism industry, that it can be considered as priorities for economic development in the region. Due to the low sensitivity of the ecologically conditions, native or exotic aquatic species rearing in indoor methods can be recommended.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Iranian Cichlid is an invaluable ornamental species which is domesticated in Iran and called Iranocichla hormuzensis scientifically, is living in the Hormoz zone, Shahou River (between Bandar Abbas and Haji Abad). The first phase of the research project started in September of 2012 and lasted about 18 months, focused on adapting the wild cichlids to cope with the aquarium environment. Therefore, about 63 male and female of Iranian cichlids collected from the natural habitat, Shahou River, then moved to the nearest city, Bandar Abbas to and released in aquariums which were filled by water of River where they were living. After few days they moved to “innovative aquaculture technologies research station” and reared in 100 liter glass tanks to monitor their behaviors. By initial days, the Cichlids seemed to be stressed out significantly, they were flashing, hitting them to the aquarium, trying to jump out and get discolored due to strange environment. By days, the stressful treats decreased and the experiments coped with the new environment. At the next step, schools of 5-7 fish organized to pear up. The mortality rate collected daily and accidental biometry recorded fortnightly. The rearing temperature adjusted and was stable at 37˚C. Finally, the Cichlids were completely adopted and prepared for mating and breeding.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Stock assessment of sardine and anchovy fishes in Persian Gulf and Oman Sea (Hormuzgan province) using fish population dynamics parameters and stock assessments models were carried out to estimate maximum sustainable yield (MSY) from 2010-2012. Results of 16 years (1996-2012) fisheries data analysis showed the mean of CPUE (catch/shooting) were calculated for Gill nets, Beach siene and Purse siene as 134, 988 and 2338 kg/shooting respectively. Relationships of catch and effort were determined for Qeshm area (R2=0.94) , Bandar Lengeh area (R2=0.51) and Jask area (R2=0.73) as a polynominal increasing model. Population dynamics parameters using monthly length frequency of 10540 sardine and 8232 anchovy by FiSAT II from Persian Gulf (Qeshm-Bandar Lengeh) and Oman Sea (Jask) fishing areas. Growth parameters K and L∞ of sadine (Sardinell sindensis) were estimated 1.18 y-1 and 19.1 cm in Persian Gulf and 1.11 y-1 and 19.1 cm in Oman Sea, and also for anchovy (Encrasicholina punctifer) were estimated 1.20 y-1 and 9.2 cm in Persian Gulf and 1.18 y-1 and 9.3 cm in Oman Sea. Anually, 5 cohorts for sardine and 2 cohorts for anchovy were estimated using Bhattacharya method in Persian Gulf and Oman Sea. Natural mortality (M) and fishing mortality (F) were estimated for this species, and exploitation rate of sardine were calculated as 0.58 and 0.44, and exploitation rate of anchovy were 0.54 and 0.34 in Persian Gulf and Oman Sea respectively. Length of catch (LC) were calculated 11 cm and 12 cm, and for anchovy 6.8 cm and 6.6 cm in Persian Gulf and Oman Sea respectively. Length – weight relationships of sardine and anchovy were calculated as isometric growth. Results of this study showed that populations of sardine and anchovy in Qeshm and Bandar Lengeh area are a single-unite stock, no enough evidence for discrimination of sardine and anchovy populations in Persian Gulf and Oman Sea. The mean anuall biomass of sardine and anchovy were estimated using Thompson and Bell model 190000 tones in Hormuzgan province. Maximum sustainable (MSY) of sardine and anchovy were estimated between 59721 and 98309 tones in this area. MSY of sardine were calculated 15222 and 3182 ton and MSY of anchovy were 36237 ton and 5080 ton , for minimum of estimated MSY in Persian Gulf ( Bandar Lenghe-Qeshm) and Oman Sea (Jask) respectively. Using yield per recruit of Beverton and Holt model , F0.1 were estimated averagely 1.75 for sardine and anchovy in Hormuzgan province and its showed the underfishing condition. Survey of catch and efforts trend in sardine and anchovy, defined development phase of small pelagic fisheries in Hormuzgan province.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Low hatching artemia cysts which has no use in the aquaculture can be decapsulated and directly use in larvae culture. In order to increase the knowledge of consumers to know the quality changes of low hatching decapsulated cysts during storage after production (especially fatty acids ) this research was carried out. In this work Low hatching cysts of artemia urmiana had decapsulated with sodium hypochlorite and other chemicals. We used drying room and f.b.d system for drying of this decapsulated cysts and package units had used for packing this product to cans. We had three experimental treatments of dry decapsulated cysts (3 type packing including vaccumed cans and free (plastic dishes). These treatment were evaluated at different times (comparing of before produce, after produce , 3, 6 and 12 months keeping after production ) such as fatty acids , fatty percent , protein percent , bacterial and fungal contamination and presence of aflatoxin the result of fatty acids using one way anova analysis showed that the variation of half of fatty acids specially DHA and EPA were significant ( p 〈 0.05 ) . Fatty percentage increased and protein was decreased about 12-15% during the one year storage we separated two species of bacteria and two species of fungi but they had no pathogenic bacterial and fungal. During 6 months storage the quality of products have less variation compared whit 12 months.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: This study was conducted at the Applied Research Station for Sturgeon Culture (Chaboksar site) and was supported by the Iranian Fisheries Research Organization in order to obtain the bio technique for Huso huso culture in brackish water from the Caspian Sea. The effects of stocking density and water flow at the inlet of brackish water was studied for a period of 4 years using 4 weight classes and the results obtained were compared with those obtained from the culture of H. huso in freshwater. Huso huso in four weight classes of 3-20 g, 20-200 g, 325-1000 g and 1000-3000 g were stocked at stocking densities between 350 g to 15 kg m-2. The effect of water flow in rearing tanks was studied in weight classes 30- 2700 g. In the weight class 3-20 g, highest growth was recorded in H. huso stocked at 1000 g m-2 in brackish water which was significantly higher (P〈0.5) than that recorded in freshwater suggesting the advantage of rearing H. huso in brackish water at improved density of 1000 g m-2. Results obtained from total length in juvenile H. husoconform to these results. It may therefore be concluded that in the weight class 3-20 g, stocking density of 1000 g m-2 is not a limiting factor on growth in juvenile H. huso. Low specific growth rate (SGR) was reported with a stocking density of 1500 g m-2 in freshwater which was not significantly different from that in brackish water. Hence rearing juvenile H. huso in brackish water at high densities (1500 g m-2) is preferred to rearing in freshwater as H. huso is more capable of adapting to stressful conditions of stocking density in brackish water. Similar trends were observed for percentage body weight increase (BWI%) showing the advantage of using a stocking density of 1000 g m-2 in brackish water. Production in different groups showed variations depending on stocking density biomass. Condition factor was low when H. huso was reared in freshwater at a stocking density of 1500 g m-2. Similarly CVw was low in the experimental group reared at a density of 500 g m-2 in brackish water, while CVtl in the group reared at 1500 g m-2 in brackish water was low. The calculated value for CVw/tl was low with stocking density of 500 g m-2 in brackish water and freshwater. Final body weight and growth indices in the 20-200 g weight class in the experimental group using 1000 g m-2 in brackish water were higher than that in freshwater. Similarly growth indices and final body weight of juvenile H. huso at 2000 and 1500 g m-2 stocking densities were higher than the values obtained with similar stocking densities in freshwater. SGR and growth rate (GR) of H. huso at stocking density of 1500 g m-2 was significantly higher in brackish water than that in freshwater. Comparison of results obtained from weight and total length in weight classes 325-560 g showed that until they reach a weight of 560 g, stocking density of 1.3 kg m-2 in brackish water is preferred to the densities 2.6, 3.9 and 5.2 kg m-2. Comparison of results indicate that in the weight class 325-560 g, better results are obtained when juvenile H. huso are reared in brackish water at densities of 1.3, 2.6 and 3.9 kg m-2 as compared to that obtained from the use similar densities in freshwater. Statistical analysis of SGR indicates that stocking densities up to 2.6 kg m-2 do not limit growth. Also it was also evident from the analyses of SGR and FCR that stocking density of 5.2 kg m-2 is not considered suitable for juvenile H. huso in the weight class 325-560 g. On the basis of results obtained for SGR, GR and FCR it maybe concluded that up to the 760 g weight class, stocking densities of 1.3 and 2.6 kg m-2 were statistically better than other densities studied. Moreover rearing juvenile H. huso at these stocking densities in brackish water also proved better than that in freshwater. In the weight class 650-1000 g, stocking fish at densities of 2.6 -10 kg m-2 in brackish water did not seem to affect final body weight, total length and SGR. At stocking densities 5.1 and 7 kg m-2, GR for juvenile H. huso in brackish water were significantly higher than that obtained in freshwater using the same stocking densities. Similarly FCR and FE values obtained for juvenile H. huso in this weight class in brackish water were significantly better (P〈0.05) than those obtained in freshwater. SGR values obtained at stocking densities 7 and 10 kg m-2 support these findings. Based on body weight, total length and GR values it may be concluded that stocking density of 10 kg m-2 does not restrict growth in juvenile H. huso until they reach a body weight of 1000 g. Similarly a stocking density of 7.5 kg m-2 does not limit growth in juvenile H. huso until they reached a body weight of 1150 g and stocking densities of 5.1 kg m-2 and 2.6 kg m-2 do not limit growth in juvenile H. huso until they reach body weights of 1300 and 1500 g, respectively. Rearing H. huso in these weight classes at different stocking densities of 10, 7.5 and 5.1 kg m-2 in brackish water was significantly better than rearing them in freshwater. Also based on feeding indices (FCR, FE, SGR and GR) in these weight classes, stocking densities of 2.6 and 5.1 kg m-2 in brackish water were significantly more suitable than other stocking densities studied in the same culture medium. Results obtained from rearing juvenile H. huso at stocking densities of 2.6, 5.1 and 7.5 kg m-2 in brackish water was significantly better than that obtained in freshwater at the same stocking densities. Based on growth (SGR, BWI) and feeding (FE) indices in the weight class 900-3000 g it is evident that experimental group 5 (with stocking density of 10 kg m-2 , water flow of 3 L sec-1) was significantly better (P〈0.05) than all other groups studied. It may also be concluded from the results obtained by studying stocking densities and water flow that stocking density of 10 kg m-2 used for rearing juvenile H. huso in the weight class 900 g until they reach a weight of 3000 g is not a limiting factor on their growth. It was also observed that juvenile H. huso are highly capable of adapting to their environment. The one-way water supply and daily water exchange with different water flow rates ranging from 1 to 6 L sec-1 yielded similar results. It was clearly evident that a water flow rate of 0.5 L sec-1 in brackish water and freshwater resulted in significantly lower growth in juvenile H. huso. Highest growth was reported in brackish water with a flow rate of 1.5 and 3 L sec-1. In freshwater, highest growth was recorded with flow rates of 3 L sec-1. Higher water flow rates improved growth indices in H. huso. Improved condition factor and variable coefficients of weight and total length were observed in experimental groups in brackish water and freshwater, except in the experimental group with a flow rate of 0.5 L sec-1 in freshwater. In the weight class 530-2000 g, water flow rate of 3 L sec-1 produced higher final weight in juvenile H. huso in freshwater as compared to that in brackish water. Similar results were obtained in freshwater and brackish waterwith water flow rate of 1.5 L sec-1. Data on carcass composition of farmed H. huso indicated no significant effect of freshwater and brackish wateron protein and lipid levels. In both rearing media, diets were formulated to meet the dietary requirements of H.huso and hence carcass composition conformed to the quality of diets.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Use and enrichment of live food resource in fish farms have been interested and highly demanded. Crustacean are one of the important groups. The Pontogammarus maeoticus dominated in southern Caspian Sea shore with a high abundance. This study was designed in order to adaptation and usage of amphipoda in fish culture ponds. The first part have been surveyed the laboratory experiments including of; to increasing and developing of P.maeoticus in 200 litter container, the effects of salinity on growth and survival of amphipods in many aquariums, the culture of common carp with amphipods and growth determination of them. Chemical composition analysis of P.maeoticus and carps fed by amphipods in compare to cultured carps from ordinary ponds. Due to concern about common healthy the heavy metal concentration has been measured in P. maeoticus, carp which were fed by amphipods and the cultured carps in earth ponds. In second phase; the adaptation of two amphipods species, P. maeoticus and Obesogammarus acuminatus was studied in fish ponds where some cages with sandy soft substrate had been provided for amphipoda replacement. Also a small surface of ponds surrounded by net and covered by Azola plant, a habitat suitable for to putting of O. acuminatus. Production of amphipoda had not the successfully results in large tanks. Aquariums with Caspian sea water had the prosper results where the specimens were breeding and developing properly, even though in some aquarium with freshwater increased the amphipods number. The chemical composition had not significant difference between two kind of cultured carps while the organic component in amphipoda had a high quality. The better quality of cultured carp by amphipod diet have been confirmed by organoleptic test. The results of heavy metal measurement in amphipoda showed a high concentration which some of them were transmitted to cultured carps. Result of amphipoda replacement in cage was not satisfy and the specimens were died after some days. According to hydro-chemical parameters the oxygen poorness and high trophy levels were the affective factor to abolish of specimens in cages. It seems that there are many type of P.maeoticus that can be adapted in different salinities. The molecular differentiation should be investigated to choose the suitable type of this spices for utilization in freshwater fish ponds. In other hand it can be used in fish culture ponds that will be supplied by brackish water.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Shrimp culture in Chabahar in the Sistan and Belochestan province is one of the most important potential for development. From 1386 the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) observed and collapsed all activity in this area. This virus hugged mortality in the world and in Iran from 1381 in Abadan area this disease induced high mortality in shrimp culture. Different methods applied for prevention WSSV in the world and the main methods consist of used specific pathogen free post larvae, immune stimulant, biosecurity and vaccine. Biosecurity is the best method for prevention the WSSV disease and include different part such as used crab fence, low stocking density, used best quality PL, aeration in the pond and sanitation all equipment and farm. Temperatures play an important role in outbreak of disease. Because in Chabahar area the culture time is in the monsoon season and changing the temperature in this season is trigger factor for WSSV outbreak. In this research study we recommended the season’s culture changing from August to March for prevention the temperature variation in this area and applied biosecurity for control the WSSV outbreak.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Without abstract.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: The present study was firstly conducted to study the rate of sexual maturity in Nereis diversicolor under suitable conditions of temperature and photoperiod. The second objective was to determine the potential of artificial breeding in these worms for mass culture. Nereis diversicolor worms were collected from the Anzali lagoon in 4000 sampling operations during the years 2004 to 2006 using Ekman grab with a surface area of 400 cm2. The water salinity, temperature and total organic matter (TOM) of sediments in the sampling region was recorded. The worms were maintained in 0.5 tons (1 x 1 m2) tanks containing clayey-muddy sediment to a height of 20 cm covered with 10 cm water (5 ‰) until they reached a weight of 200-300 mg. Sexual maturity in this species was attained at 4-6 ºC and spawning occurred at approximately 16 ºC. The first gametes were observed five weeks after the temperature increased from 6 to 16 ºC. Sexual maturity was studied at various salinities (0.5, 5, 12, and 15 ‰). Results indicate that these worms attained earlier sexual maturity at salinity of 15 ‰, compared to other salinities studied. No significant differences (P〉0.05) were observed between sexual maturity attained at 12 ‰ and 15 ‰. Stocking density (20, 50, 100, 150 worms) was studied in terms of sex and showed that number of females were higher than males and the ratio was 11:1 (female:male). No significant differences (P〉0.05) were observed between the various stocking densities and their replicates. The effect of light and photoperiod in synchronizing reproduction in male and female N. diversicolor was studied. It was evident that reproduction behavior in adult worms increased for a period of one week at the end of each month after they are exposed to a prolonged photoperiod (L:D=16:8) followed by a period of dim light (simulated using 1 W lamps). Feeding trials were carried out with Saccharomyces cerevisiae, formulated fish diets and humus. Results showed that this diet was effective in speeding up sexual maturity in worms and significant effect of treatment was observed (P〈0.05) in worms fed a diet of humus alone. Eggs and sperms were fertilized and worms developed from the young monotrochophore with jelly layer to the trochophore larvae.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: This study was aimed to investigate the effect of different doses of oral diethylstilbestrol (DES) on feminization of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) larvae under the condition of brackish water in Bafgh fisheries research center. This Experiment was comprised of two control groups in two replicates and two experimental ones in three replicates. At the beginning of the trial, a number of 2150 larvae were randomly distributed among 10 replicates that were under treatment for 45 days. The diets in two control groups, i.e. non-treated, C1, and ethanol treated feed, C2, and the ones in two experimental groups, i.e. 200 and 400 mg DES/k of feed, E1 and E2, were administrated to 7 day post fertilization (dpf) larvae for a period of 35 days and then until day 45, the larvae were fed with ordinary feed. At the end of the trial, the gender ratio of larvae in different groups was determined by squash test in 50 randomly selected individuals from each replicate. The results showed no significant differences for gender ratios within control groups (respective male to female ratio in C1 and C2 was 47:53 and 57:43). However, the corresponding ratios within experimental ones, fed with 200 and 400 mg DES/k of feed respectively, was significantly different (P〈0.05). Noteworthy that the percent of females between two experimental groups (E1 and E2) was not significantly different (70.0 and 64.7 respectively) but it was significantly different with ratios in experimental groups (P〈0.05). The total body length and live body weight were determined at the begging and then at day 30 and 45, it was randomly measured in 20 larvae from each replicate. At the beginning of the experiment, the mean body weight and total length of larvae was 0.012 gram and 1.03 centimeter respectively. The respective averages at day 30 and 45 were significantly different among groups (P〈0.05). Survival rate was significantly different among groups (P〈0.05), being highest in E1 and E2 respectively whereas lowest in control ones (56.51 and 58.84 in C1 and C2 respectively).

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Intensive culture of rainbow trout, usually done using several different methods.The objective of this study was to compare fish performance and welfare in a new design of Foster-lucas ponds (FLP) and a raceway ponds (RP) under field conditions. Currennt study was designed in two treatment with three repeats. Each pond was randomly stocked by rainbow trout fish with initial average weight of approximately 51±5 g. Stocking density was 120n/m3 during study. After 10 months of trial, fish fed diets with comertial diet (Chineh Company). Feeding operation conducted according to the manuals by consideration of water temprature, fish waight and biomas. During the 10 months experiment, the fish survival rate was high (97.39 and 98.05%). No significant differences in growth parametres were observed between RP and FLP, but in all parametres FLP was higher than RP Final weight was 0.99% higher in FLP than in RP. Water quality factors (Dissolved oxygen, PH) was better in FLP. The results confirm that when water quality is maintained in safe level ranges, growth rate of rainbow trout attained in FLS are comparable to those in RP.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: In last decade the policy of shrimp culture development changes to an important economic and social pole in country. This industry need to research and innovation. The P. monodon is the biggest and largest shrimp (prawn) as known shrimp. This reason says that the culture of P. monodon is more benefit. This shrimp has reported from Guatr Gulf, Pasabandar and Bris costal area of Chabahar region. After catching around 100 pieces of P. monodon in 1999 by fishermen of mentioned area, we decided to write down a project to survey on possibility of broodstok for P. monodon in 2001. In this order we start trolling in Guatr Gulf, Pasabandar and Bris and studied the presence of monodon. During trolling we did not receive sufficient shrimp because of inconveniencing them by trolling net. This less number caused that we could not breed the P. monodons.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: The project of the Study on fishing and resource management of fisheries within Southern Caspian Sea was conducted on the base of an agreementmade between fisheries organization (Shilat) and the Iranian fishery research organization (IFRO) signed in 2010. The study has several phases. The final report of the fishery on fishing and resource management of fisheries within Southern Caspian Sea (Gilan, Mazandaran & Golestan provinces) is consisted of several sections such as: 1- The Survey status of biology and catch of Kilka fishes , Bony fishes and Estrogen fishes and also the status of aquatic resource conservation in the Southern part of Caspian Sea 2- Fishing analysis in the Southern part of Caspian Sea 3- Fisheries development Strategies, policies and plans in the Southern part of Caspian Sea In this survey and library-based study, internal and external environmental factors of shilat activities are considered. Using SWOT analysis method, current situation of fisheries is investigated. In this regard, all fisheries activities were divided into four groups, then, the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and treats of internal and external environment will be analyzed. A considerable number of tables and matrixes were prepared and policies and strategies as seen of final report were carried out.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus Vannamei) is one of the most important species for aquaculture development, because of tolerance and adaptation to different ecological conditions.The aim of this study was determine the bionormative parameters of vannamei shrimp culture using Caspian Sea brakish water in Mazandaran province and also possibility of introduction a new aquatic spciese for rereaing in Mazandaran province. The Shrimp vannamei reared with the brackish water (10±0.43ppt) of the Caspian Sea in Mazandaran province and the Caspian Sea Ecological Research Iinstitute in summer 1391, 1393 and 1394. In this study, were evaluated the effect of different densities (45/m2, 50/m2, 55/m2 and 60/m2) primary stock whiteleg shrimp postlarvae (PL12) on the growth, survival rate and also population structure of phytoplankton in shrimp vannamei. Initially, post larvae in brackish water were gradually adopted. The density of 35 per square pieces in an earthen pond (1000m2) was stocking.The rearing time was 85 days. Average daily growths: 0.31±0.037g; final mean weight: 21.11±0.71; Feed conversion ratio: 0.79 and final yield: 531kg were determined. In addition the experiment of 1391, the results of Mazandaran province vannamei shrimp culture, were observed in 1393 and 1394, the average weight average daily growing and FCR % were 20-18 g and 0.68 - 0.77 respectively during 90 days culture period with harvesting of 40 PL /m2 at cement culture pond. The experiments of effect of different densities were performed separately in 1391, in 12 circular concrete pound with a sandy bed (area: 78m2) in the four treatments and three replications for each treatment. The experiments performed in a 75-day period. During the test, the water temperature was 27.4±1.79°C. The results showed that growth parameters and survival rate in experimental treatments, there was a statistically different (Duncan test, P〈0.05). Thus, with high levels of density, the amount of weight gain and survival rate (SR), specific growth rate (SGR) and daily growth rate (ADG) has decreased. In addition, the treatments were different variations of FCR (P〈0.05) and not depend on the primary stock density of postlarvae. The highest growth (SGR=11±0.04 and ADG=0.25±0.01) and survival rate and calculate the amount of production per hectare (5596±433) were observed in low density (45m2). In this study identified 20 genera of phytoplankton from five division of the Phytoplankton. Phylum Cyanophyta, with 30 percent of the identified genera that much more constituted. And the phylum Chlorophyta with 25 percent, of Bacillariophyta 20 percent Pyrrophyta 20 percent and Euglenophyta 5 percent had the lowest frequency. Chlorophyta with 25 percent allocated to the division, with 20 percent of Bacillariophyta, with 20 percent of the division; Pyrrophyta Euglenophyta division with 5 percent had the lowest frequency.Euglenophyta phylum was identified as a species. Therefore, based on acquired results, was observred that, vannamie shrimp was reared well using Caspian Sea brakish water in Mazandaran province. In addition, it seems that, vannamei shrimp was gained better results in Mazandaran province compared to other provinces, because of suitable water salinity.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Primary researches on aquaculture of endemic shrimp species carried out since 1984-5 by Iranian Fisheries Research Organization (IFRO) .After a decade, the condition for extension and development of shrimp culture in the country prepared. Despite huge investment of government for preparation and construction of shrimp sites, only small part of present potential in southern coast of the country is under production. About 18 different shrimp species inhabit in Persian Gulf and Sea of Oman, in which 4 species have larger size, and more abundant, and harvest commercially . Penaeus semisulcatus, Fenneropenaeus merguiensis and Metapenaeus affinis as commercial species distributed throughout of Persian Gulf from mouth of Arvand River in north- west to strait of Hormoz, and also some parts of Oman Sea. While Fenneropenaeus indicus distributed mainly in coastal area of Oman Sea. Shrimp culture begin in Iran by P.semisulcatus, continued by imported Penaeus monodon, and developed by using of F.indicus. After confront to slow growth and viral diseases in 2001 (Khouzestan province) and 2005 (Bushehr Province), at the same time I.F.R.O acquired the bio-technique for production of Litopenaeus vannamei, and hence the condition for introduction the new species to the shrimp culture industry provided. In accordance for development of shrimp culture, I.F.R.O carried out various research activities, and established specific research center for this purpose. Research projects regarding brood-stock management, breeding and larvae production, grow out, water management and disease identification and treatment have been carried, and induced considerable impacts on quantitative and qualitative development of shrimp culture in the country.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Sampling was done using 90 post larvae which were produced by reproduction of some broodstock of Penaeus indicus in one day and reared in the same situation for 4 month. Samples were classified in 3 group high growth, medium and low (according to their weight and length). Genomic DNA was extracted from a 1cm 2 piece of muscle using the phenol-chloroform method. . The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was done using 21 RAPD loci. And PCR products were separated on 3% Agarose gels. From 21 studied loci, 12 produced polymorphic bands. The most polymorphic band produced using OPAQ 9 and the least by OPAQ 7. According to Nei 1972, the highest distance (0.457) was between low growth group and medium and the lowest (0.091) between high growth group and medium, therefore the highest identity (0.912) was between high growth group and medium and the lowest (0.633) between low growth group and medium. Consensus neighbour-joining tree using Nei (1972 and 1978) resulted in two clades, the first including high and medium growth groups and the second low growth group, it appears that low growth group are depended on separated population of the two others. With considering of mean weight of F1(16.25±1.5), mean weight of 15 ±1.2 and mean weight of parent 31.6, response to selection (R) and heritability for growth in this species were estimated 1.2±0.2 and 0.07±0.01 respectively. In another part of this study Sequencing of specific bands and primer design were done and examining of them on the same age specimens is necessary in following.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Caspian trout is valuable, Commercial, anadromous and endemic fish species in the Caspian Sea so that, researchers attention have been focused on this species. At the moment, only pay attention to stocks rehabilitation that fisheries organization releases more than 300,000 fingerlings to the rivers ends to the Caspian Sea. Importance of this study consist (1) introducing a new species to the aquaculture system and (2) provide breeders in this research. we used from 2 treatments that consist with density of 10 kg/m^3 and 20 kg/m3 with 3 replication. Results showed, culture of Caspian trout is suitable with density 10 kg/m^3, so that weight gain, SGR and Daily growth mean are better than treatment 2(15-20 kg/m^3 )

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Microalgae are very important organisms in aquaculture as major live food in all growth stages of bivalve, some larval stages of crustaceans, some fishes and zooplankton. In this project with the knowledge that local algae can provide better nutritional balance for local animals. Microalgae were isolated, identified and evaluated for their nutritional value for the first time. Another aim of this research was to create phytoplankton culture collection (Bank) in the south of Iran. Water was sampled from Sistan and Baluchesta coasts, then isolation and purification process were carried out in the lab. Species identification was based on morphology and molecular analyses. rDNA was extracted from each strain after PCR, partial LSU-rDNA region were sequenced and compared with similar sequence from GenBank. In order to evaluate their nutritional properties, relative growth, fatty acids composition, total lipid, carbohydrate, protein, and some vitamins of each purified strain were determined. Totally 25 species were isolated and purified, of which 12 strains were recorded in GenBank and their nutritional potential were assessed. Dunaliella cf. bardawill, Isochrysis sp. Cheatoceros sp. Clorella cf. volgaris, Ochromonas sp. and Synechococcus sp. were the most important species research. Iranian strains were varied in their amount of protein (27-40%), carbohydrate (221%) and lipid (8-13%). Proportions of SFA (21-48%), MUFA (33-53%) and PUFA (11-28.5%) were varied among strains. The highest amount of PUFA and B3 vitamin were found in Clorella cf. vulgaris. The highest content of protein (40.12% dry wt) and total fatty acid concentration (30% dry wt) were found in Dunaliella cf. bardawil and Ochromonas strain(CHPO2) respectively. The maximum content of total fatty acid was observed in Ochromonas sp. (CHPO2). Cheatoceros sp. had higher relative growth rate in comparison with other species.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: The culture of three species green tiger prown (Penaeus semisulcatus ) ,white leg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) and Indian white shrimp (Fenneropenaeus indicus) were grown in 7 ponds (0.4 and 0.25 hectare ) for 110 days at a stocking density of 25 shrimp/m2 on Hele Research Station. The average of temperature and salinity was 30 degrees centigrade and 46-48 ppt .At the end of the culture mean weights of L.vannamei 18.68 ±2.6 was higer than the P.semisucatus 7.77 ±1.49 and F.indicus 14.66 ±2.1 also results demonstrated that there was a significant relation (P〈0.05) between mean weight . Final yield were 3114, 1983 and 848 Kg for L.vannamei, F.indicus and P.semisucatus.The FCR was better for L.vannamei(1.28 ) than F.indicus (1.48 ) and P.semisucatus (2.15 ).

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: The use correct of non-agricultural land due to saline and waternon fresh for rearing of aquatic animals, especially fish, in good seasons, can generate for employment and provide fertile ground . This study aimed to assess the ability of Rainbow Trout reared in earthen ponds potential using brackish water stub area south of North Khorasan province in cold seasons (autumn and winter) have been conducted. Farming operations in three earthen ponds, each with an area of 3,000 square meters and two water wells within 160 days of the initial electric Bahdayt 8400 and 18100 µs was conducted. Average initial weight of juveniles when introduced into soil ponds 32.0±1.0 and 22.7±1/7 grams and density drop in the of ponds 5 and 7 number per cubic meters . Feeding on pond done recipes nutrition standards Related to fish size and water temperature was during the period culture . To help improve the water quality during the breeding ponds of cyclic change in volume of pond water (20-15%) and two aeration SPLASH with errive fresh water to form rain fall in each pond was used. The results obtained during the period of measurement water physico-chemical parameters (temperature, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, nutrients, total dissolved substances, acidity) shows changes in the mean amplitude of these factors has been tolerated for raising trout The results showed that children reared trout have been introduced since the introduction of nteroperability with brackish water in the pond also grown to over 14 thousand have salt and water changes physical and chemical factors have endured. The results showed that fish farming in addition to works by adapting the environment had to foster the growth of the pond water . So in 5 months, with a mean survival of 87 percent hindrance develop marketable size with an average weight of 340±12-390±13and 470 ±17grams and have a total production of more than 20 tonnes. All of it has been confirmed, the study area (SFRAIEN)is very suitable for the breeding Rainbow trout of pond during the fall and winter seasons .

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Various Problems in front of shrimp culture, mainly in biological fields and restrictions of production cycle, emphasized the species diversity in aquaculture industry of Iran in fourth socio- economic development plan of fisheries department. By this means, the Iranian Fisheries Research Organization, defined a Programme with four sub- projects, and started the activities on beginning of 2004. On the year 2004, 80 pairs of SPF/SPR Litopenaeus vannamei broodstocks imported from Hawaii, but late importation and prolonged acclimatization period, caused propogation and PL production on mid-September. Despite of terminated culture season, some PL's stocked in earthen ponds of Helleh site in Bushehr province. Results of this phase showed that, L.vannamei could support the cold winter of about 9 C temperature and about 20000 broodstocks harvested at the next year. At the next year, 55 pairs of SPF/SPR broodstocks imported by the same way, and after production of PL in Bandargah hatchery, the farming carried out in Helleh research earthen ponds. At this year, shrimp farms of Bushehr province infected with WSSV, but L.vannamei growth was very good, and gained more than19g after 90days farming. On the year 2006, the farming pilot project repeated, and the way for extension smoothed. In a parallel action, introduction of L.vannamei to Choebdeh site (Khouzestan province) showed remarkable results after 5 years collapses by WSSV. The results of broodstocking, breeding and farming research projects transferred very soon to shrimp producers, as the production of L.vannamei in Khouzestan and Bushehr provinces raised to 2575tons in the year 2008. In addition the condition for introduction of this species to Golestan province smoothed on 2008, and stocking at rate of 5-6 individuals per m2 in earthen ponds of Gomishan resulted in 20g. Shrimp weight after 75 days culture. This stock used as brood stock for commercial production on 2009 by private sector. It seems that all four southern provinces are going to utilize L.vannamei as the main species in 2009, and domesticated brood stocks.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: This feasibility study carried out in response to request of Tehran Province Fisheries Management, in order to Qanat Salehabad water assessment for aquaculture relataed purposes in Tehran Municipality – Regions 19 & 20. During 6 monthes between May – October 2011 in 3 sampling stations by 3 replicates investigations executed. Physic-chemical, Heavy methals, organochloro-organophosphore pesticides and microbial nominated parameters analysed in reference to Iran national and international standards as well, resulted an overall assessment on quality and quantity of Qanat water for aquaculture purposes. Results expressed station 1 in all studied seasons can be develop for fisheries warmwater applications and in cold seasons (September-March) fisheries coldwater relevant activities can be consider. Stations No 2 & 3 known as infeasible for fisheries applications but would be recommend for agriculture rrigation. According to the results, possibility of developing live fish shopping centers (Cold – warmwatetr fishes) between station 1 and before crossing the Qanat flow and Behesht-e-Zahra freeway is considerable, indeed water rights could be negotiate between Tehran Municipality and Tehran province Fisheries Bureo. Also application of feasible anti microbial filters and other minimum limitation parameters control is necessary before leading Qanat water flow into proposed live fish shop. And suitable septic tank is recommended at the outlet of proposed fisheries units. Monitoring of nominated physic-chemical & microbial parameters during operation of fisheries unites highly recommended.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Cochlodinium is a dinoflagel that, with their bloom in the coastal water of worlds, can case fish mortality. Cochlodinium was detected in Persian Gulf, since 2008. After purification of C. polykricoides with light, the culture of cochlodinium, with medium of f/2 (modified), Guilard (f/2-Si), TMRL, Conway, ESM and the mixed of sea shore sediment with salt water (32 ppt) was done. The culture of cochlodinium in test tube, erlanmeyer with volume of 200-1000 ml and aquariums with the volume of 16 liter (each with 10 liter water) with three replicates in each treatment were done. Only the culture of cochlodinium with f/2 (modyfied) was possible in the aquarium. The culture of cochlodinium with TMRL medium in aquarium was not desirable and only in one aquarium from 3 aquariums, the density of cochlodinium reached to 910.000. cell per liter. The use of f/2 (modyfied) medium in the test tubes, and erlanmeyers, with the volume of 100-1000 ml, lead to suitable cochlodinium bloom. The maximum cell density in total treatments (with 3 replicates in each treatment) in test tube 3.283.000. cell (in 15 days), in erlanmeyer with 200 ml volume, 6.393.000. cells (in 22 days), in erlanmeyer with 500 ml volume, 2.833.000. cells (in 40 days) and in aquarium 3.600 .000. cells (in 46 days) counted. Cochlodinium culture with TMRL Medium in test tube and erlanmeyer was done successfully, but with the increase of erlanmeyer volume, the blooms of cochlodinium was lesser than f/2 (modyfied) medium. The maximum of cell count of TMRL Medium in test tube 2.683.000. cells (in 12 days), in erlanmeyer with 100 ml volume, 3.207.000. cells (in 36 days), in erlanmeyer with 250 ml 3.040.000. cells (in 18 days), in erlan with 1000 ml 2.325.000. cells (in 34 days) and in aquarium 550.000. cells (in 28 days) in each litre. Unsuccessful culture of cochlodinium with Conway medium, Gyllard (f/2-Si) and mixed salt water (32 ppt) with sea shore sediments, even in the test tube, indicated that these mediums weren’t suitablefor copchlodinium culture. With the increase of erlanmeyer volume, the success of ESM medium decreased. But, in test tube and in erlanmeye with 100 ml volum, was almost, successful. We can concluded that, cochlodinium culture required, special condition and medium, that in f/2 (modyfied) medium the culture of cochlodinium was successful. The maximum cochlodinium cell count was 6.5 million per liter in one aquarium. The mean of 3 replicate of this treatment was 3.600.000. cells per liter with f/2 (modified) medium. For culture of cochlodinium polykricoides, the f/2 (modyfied) medium was better than others mediums.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Coregonus lavaretus is one the important species of coregonidae family. It has adipose fin and the tail fin has a deep notch. The fish is special for fresh and cold north waters and are mainly found in north hemisphere and north of Europe, Asia and America. It feeds aquatic invertebrate and zooplanktons. The mentioned species has tasteful meat and supplies the major part of fish consumption. The big fishes meat is tasteful, low fat and has a cucumber like odorous characteristics and is mostly consumed in dried and smoked forms. Since this fish is important in inland fisheries and is releasable and developing in water sources of lakes behind dams has been considered and respect to purity of water resources behind dams. In the lake of Karaj dam has been considered as the only habitat and considered to have to low biological information from October to late march 2001 for 6 months totally 82 samples were caught and studied and through this way lack of fishing in the region by determining 11 stations, the samples were collected and grown, relation between length and weight, age and length, propagation, nutrition and fertility parameters were evaluated. Most of caught fishes are 4 to 5 year olds and 3 and 4 year olds. The 4 year olds males were majority and 5 and 6 year olds females formed the dominant group. Correlation relation between age and total length in both sexes (male and female) was very significant at 1% level, of course in females the correlation was around 100%. The weight and total length in males and females that was caught both had high correlation at 1%level; of course this correlation in females had been very stronger than males. % level related to gonad weight and sexual evolution stages of females. Gonad had correlation at 5 The most absolute fecundity had belonged to 5 year old female with 19120 ovules and the lowest to 4 year old breeder. With 11496 ovules the most relative fecundity was 62.13% and belonged to 5 year old breeder and the lowest was 36.06% belonged to 4 year old breeder by increasing the quantity of ovules in breeders the sixth stage of sexual evolution the fecundity rate has been directly increased as well. % of Gonad weight was the most effective factor on absolute fecundity and according to (R2) more than 90 variations of breeders; absolute fecundity is claimable by their gonad weight. Among all traits, affecting gonad weight fecundity the breeders sexual evolution stage has been recognized the most effective factor on fish ovules diameter. Generally in oligotrophic aquatic resources they become mature before the age of 3 and in utroph aquatic resources and full of edible zooplanktons they become mature with 2 years of age. In respect to nutrition this fish eats a broad range of zooplanktons separated from surface to bed of water of dam lake and no kind of selection was seen there so that in different ecological condition it can differ appropriately to kind of foods available in different seasons so that in cold months (December to March) the food diet of this fish varies toward eating water bed living things such as tobifex.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Caspian Sea with an area of 400 thousand square kilometers is the largest lake in the world. The Caspian Sea about 1200 km from north to south on the longest section and an average width of 320 km. Along the coastline around the Caspian Sea is about 6500 kilometers. Caspian Sea is about 78,000 cubic kilometers of water volume that is 44% of stocks of blue lakes around the world. Caspian Sea basin, which is composed of seven major basins of the main watershed from west to east are: juniper, Talsh- Anzali, large Sefidrood between Haraz Sefid and, Hraz- Gharehsou, Nagorno Sv- Gorgan and Atrak in the basin of Aras no limits to the beach. Aras sub-basin is located in the North West and Iran, the second largest sub-basin of the Caspian Sea. Talysh-Anzali on the Caspian Sea basin West and the seventh largest sub-basin of the Caspian Sea. White basin is located in the South East of the Caspian Sea and the extent of the sub-basin of the Caspian Sea. Haraz located in the south Caspian Sea basin and the ninth largest sub-basin of the Caspian Sea. Gorgan is located in the South East of the Caspian Sea basin and the fourth largest sub-basin of the Caspian Sea. In these areas, about 28 percent of the total fish production in the northern waters of aquatic allocated.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: The aim of this study was to find the best location for establishment of rainbow trout culture and hatcheries farms on Zayanderood’s river region in Charmahal and Bakhtiyari province. This survey carried out over ten station along Zayanderood’s river. The result of physical and chemical analysis showd that the annual average of air temperature varied from 9.5oc o 10oc wehre the pH annual average value were between 7.5 and 8.8. the dissolve oxygen concentration in stations except in rainbow trout farm effluent were above 10 mg/l. the other chemical , pollutant as well as pesticides levels were under the limiting concentration for rainbow trout culture and Hatcheries activity . The plankton survey showed that the Bacillurophyta were the dominant group of phytoplankton where protozoa constituted the most abundant group of zooplankton the Benthic organisms sensitive to pollutant in particular Epirus were dominant group in all stations . In regard to fishes presence in river , five species of Ciprinidae , one species from Balitoridae and one species from salmonidae families were identified . The capacity for development of rainbow trout culture for tow phase period in Zayanderood’s river region with respect to self purification potential (self purification potential were determined from the oxidation of the effluent of the only active trout farm of the river region), minimum of 10 L/s water requirement for production of trout in concrete canal and pond system and 1L/S water need for production in semi circular closed system were estimated to be 5202 metric tons.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Grey mullet, Mugil cephalus is one of the most famous and valuable fish on the fisheries and aquaculture industry. This species is the most suitable to introducing the southern, northern and central regions of our country due to high resistant to large variation of water salinity and temperature. On the monthly sampling period biometric data including total length and total weight recorded and length and weight classes for every sex were determined. To understanding of physiological functions and sexual development of reproductive organs, this investigation carried out with Grey mullet imported from Hong Kong by 1993. Findings of this research can be used for management of artificial breeding of this species. Daily variation of pond water temperature was recorded. Sex steroid hormones and other plasma metabolites such as Ca2+, cholesterol, triglycerides and total proteins were measured by blood sampling. Gonad samples were prepared in order to histological studies. Oocyte growth was studied by measurement of egg diameters. Measured values of cholesterol, triglycerides of blood plasma revealed that these metabolites have seasonal variation and severely deposited on the summer and mobilized on the spawning seasons. Findings of this research suggested that egg diameters, values of sex steroid hormones (estradiol and progesterone) and Calcium concentrations of fish blood plasma shortening increased a long with day length shortening.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Rutilus frisii kutum is one of the important fish of Caspian Sea which has significant economical role in the region .The objective of this project is a comparative study on traditional culture of fishes versus slurry. This survey were conducted on nine pound of 1.7 hec triplicate with their treatment with stocking densities of 1.7 million fish larva at Dr yousefpoor center (Affiliated of Shahid Beheshti culture and propagation) at Siakal village , 32 km far from Rasht city in North of Iran, the first treatment considered as control which practice traditionally (using concentrated food plus grinded kilka fish) .In the second treatment for 13 days the pound supplied only by slurry then followed by concentrated fish food only .The tired treatment started with slurry for 13 days and followed by slurry plus concentrated food. The physical and chemical parameters of water, plankton, biometry of fish, growth indices such as daily weight growth (DWG), daily length growth (DLG) as well as specific ratio (SGR) were monitored weekly. The result indicate that net fish production was 1.7 to 2 times higher in slurry than traditional treatment also the survival rate were 1.7 times higher in slurry treatment . The treatment of slurry follow by addition of concentrated food plus slurry showed higher yield camper to others. Slurry with several active substances is more effective and can promote the growth of zooplanktons which is the food of larval stage of rutilus frisi kutum. In second phase of this project the effect of slurry was surveyed on Chinese carp. This experiment was conducted in triplicate with two treatment ( one treatment is control which use cow manure plus chemical fertilizer and second treatment was conducted with slurry ) and stocked with 2375 N/hec ( Silver carp 60% , Big head 15%, common carp 17% and grass carp 8%) at June. In this survey common carp and grass carp were feed with concentrate food and fresh grasses respectively. Chemical factors were measured once for each two week and density of plankton was determined when it was necessarily. Nutritional content of phosphorous, nitrogen, calcium, potassium and magnesium after anaerobic fermentation as well as protein and lipid content with 1.4and 1.9 times respectively were higher in slurry treatment than control. The results showed that survival rate and yield were higher in slurry than control. The increasing percent of yield were 13.5, 2.6, 18.4 and 85.3 in Silver carp, Big head, common carp and grass carp respectively. The survival rate of grass carp was twice higher in slurry treatment than control. Zooplankton abundant in slurry pounds was more but blue- green algae density was less than control. Protein and lipid analysis reviled no significant difference between control and slurry. In general the result indicate that the slurry with higher nutritional content is more effective on the survival and growth rate of fishes and also is more efficient in proliferation of plankton in particular zooplankton.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published

Description: Seaweeds culture project emphasizing on Gracilaria was carried out from 1378 to 1380. In this research five spices of seaweeds were selected and cultured in various seasons. (Gracilaria corticata, Ulva fasiata , Sargassutn ilisifolium , Cystosira indica , Nizimuddinia zanardinii ) Gracilaria reached to maximum growth in about 35 days, And biomass were 2.5 to 3 times. One way anova in sea culture showed that average weight were similar in various seasons. ln ponds culture were not similar in various seasons and there showed significant difference. Maximum growth of Ulva was in spring and summer, and biomass were 5 times in about to 28 days. That showed average weight and growth of this species was not similar and showed significant difference. Cystoseira reached 5 to 7 times about 45 days, and it,s high growth was in autumn and winter. Result of one way anova showed significant in average weight. Sargassum reached 3 to 5 times about 45 days, and had high growth in autumn and winter. Average weight was similar in the open sea,s but that showed significant difference in ponds. Nizimuddinia hadn’t adequate growth in ponds, but that reached 3 to 5 times in sea. Average weight showed significant difference in various seasons. According to results, growth of gracilaria was similar in the various seasons, and brown algae had better growth in autumn and winter. Greenalgea in spring and summer.

Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Description: Published