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  • General Chemistry  (11,858)
  • Organic Chemistry  (7,898)
  • Chemical Engineering  (3,710)
  • AERODYNAMICS  (3,366)
  • SPACE RADIATION  (2,685)
  • Cell & Developmental Biology  (2,554)
  • ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION  (2,496)
  • 1975-1979  (16,322)
  • 1970-1974  (14,253)
  • 1910-1914
Collection
Keywords
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Years
Year
  • 1
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    DSN energy data base preliminary design (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-06-01
    Description: The design and implementation of a computerized data base created to support the DSN Energy Conservation Project with data relating to energy use at Goldstone Deep Space Communications Complex are described. The results of development work to date, are presented along with work currently in progress or in the planning stage.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: The Deep Space Network; p 167-181
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  • 2
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    Executive summary of Aircraft Icing Specialists Workshop (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-12
    Description: In a period of escalating development costs for new aircraft, there is growing interest in a renewed and coordinated icing research effort to achieve an updating or modernization of each aspect of the technological issues that are involved. This includes the data base, analysis methods, test techniques, and test facilities.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Aircraft Icing; p 1-16
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  • 3
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    Safety hazard of aircraft icing (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-12
    Description: The problem of aircraft icing is reported as well as the type of aircraft affected, the pilots involved, and an identification of the areas where reduction in icing accidents are readily accomplished.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA. Lewis Res. Center Aircraft Icing; p 21-27
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  • 4
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    Prediction of energetic particle disturbances (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: The prediction of fluxes of energetic particles of solar or magnetospheric origin is addressed. Topics include the prediction of the properties of the particle populations generated by magnetospheric storms and substorms, and the prediction of long term variations in the populations of magnetospheric particles.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: NASA. Marshall Space Flight Center Solar-Terrest. Predictions Proc., Vol. 2; p 415-432
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  • 5
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    Potential prediction needs in support of energy systems (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: The relationship between emerging energy systems and the natural environment is discussed, including selected examples to show that energy systems are tied to global solar terrestrial processess. The interdependence of resources, technology, and environmental impact is considered in terms of needed geophysical, atmospheric, and solar terrestrial data inputs. The need for long term basic research on the solar terrestrial system is emphasized.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA. Marshall Space Flight Center Solar-Terrest. Predictions Proc., Vol. 2; p 198-202
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  • 6
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    Civil Helicopter icing problems (1979)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2006-01-12
    Description: The ice capabilities of rotary wing aircraft are examined. Recommendations are given to improve the inadequacies of the weather forecasts pertaining to ice, and to adopt a low maintenance anti-ice system.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA. Lewis Res. Center Aircraft Icing; p 29-30
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  • 7
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    Overview of helicopter ice protection system developments (1979)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2006-01-12
    Description: Helicopter ice protection design criteria was developed and technological shortcoming in meeting helicopter mission requirements is that of helicopter rotor blade ice protection. Airframe components are protected using existing technology while the rotor blade protected using the cyclic electrothermal deicing concept.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA. Lewis Res. Center Aircraft Icing; p 39-65
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  • 8
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    A review of the icing situation from the standpoint of general aviation (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-12
    Description: An overview of the present situation in the field of aircraft icing with respect to certification and operation of nontransport category airplanes is given. Problems of definition and inconsistencies are pointed out. Problems in the forecasting and measurement of icing intensities are discussed. The present regulatory environment is examined with respect to its applicability and appropriateness to nontransport airplanes.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA. Lewis Res. Center Aircraft Icing; p 31-38
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  • 9
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    Icing of aircraft Some remarks with an historical slant from a cloud physicist (1979)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2006-01-12
    Description: Three areas of interest are commented on: cloud physics, nowcasting, and instrumentation. A comparison is made of what was done 30 years ago to what might be done in light of developments in related areas of cloud physics, weather modification and instrumentation.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA. Lewis Res. Center Aircraft Icing; p 17-19
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  • 10
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    Source position loci for the gamma-ray bursts recorded October 20 and November 10, 1977 (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Further constraints are imposed on the sites of the gamma-ray bursts recorded Oct. 20 and Nov. 10, 1977 with the Prognoz 6 satellite and the Helios 2 spacecraft. The loci of the burst sources are 1.7-arcmin-wide bands in which no X-ray sources, pulsars, supernova remnants, or galaxies brighter than 13m occur.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
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  • 11
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    Numerical solution for perpendicular sonic hydrogen injection into a ducted supersonic airstream (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: This note discusses a computer program being developed to study the flow field near opposing perpendicular fuel injectors in scramjets. The MacCormack time-split, finite difference relaxation technique was used to solve the full two-dimensional compressible Navier-Stokes equations along with energy and species equations. By using this technique, a program was developed to consider the turbulent nonreacting flow of hydrogen and air in a rectangular duct. A damping term, proportional to the second derivative of pressure and temperature, was used to produce a stable solution behind the hydrogen jet in the neighborhood of the recompression shock. A case using actual conditions encountered in current scramjet design was analyzed, with results agreeing qualitatively with experimental observations.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: AIAA Journal; 17; May 1979
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  • 12
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    Diffuse fluxes of cosmic high-energy neutrinos (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Production spectra of high-energy neutrinos from galactic cosmic-ray interactions with interstellar gas and extragalactic ultrahigh-energy cosmic-ray interactions with microwave blackbody photons are presented and discussed. These production processes involve the decay of charged pions and are thus related to the production of cosmic gamma rays from the decay of neutral pions. Estimates of the neutrino fluxes from various diffuse cosmic sources are then made, and the reasons for significant differences with previous estimates are discussed. Small predicted event rates for a DUMAND (deep underwater muon and neutrino detector) type detection system, combined with a possible significant flux of prompt neutrinos from the atmosphere above 50 TeV, may make the study of diffuse extraterrestrial neutrinos more difficult than previously thought.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 228
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  • 13
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    Modeling of electron time variations in the radiation belts (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: A review of the temporal variation in the trapped electron population of the inner and outer radiation zones is presented. Techniques presently used for modeling these zones are discussed and their deficiencies identified. An intermediate region is indicated between the zones in which the present modeling techniques are inadequate due to the magnitude and frequency of magnetic storms. Future trends are examined, and it is suggested that modeling of individual magnetic storms may be required in certain L bands. An analysis of seven magnetic storms is presented, establishing the independence of the depletion time of the storm flux and the storm magnitude. Provisional correlation between the storm magnitude and the Dst index is demonstrated.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
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  • 14
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    A possible closure relation for heat transport in the solar wind (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The objective of the present paper is to search for an empirical closure relation for solar wind heat transport that applies to a microscopic scale. This task is approached by using the quasi-linear wave-particle formalism proposed by Perkins (1973) as a guide to derive an equation relating the relative drift speed between core-electron and proton populations to local bulk flow conditions. The resulting relationship, containing one free parameter, is found to provide a good characterization of Los Alamos Imp electron data measuring during the period from March 1971 through August 1974. An empirical closure relation is implied by this result because of the observed proportionality between heat flux and relative drift speed.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 84; Nov. 1
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  • 15
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    A search for low energy gamma rays from CG 195+4 (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: A 13-deg-wide region of sky containing the high-energy gamma-ray source CG 195+4 was searched for X-ray and gamma-ray emission in the energy interval from 0.035 to 8.737 MeV. The balloon-altitude measurements were undertaken on October 4, 1977, at Palestine, Texas, and used an actively collimated scintillation counter. As a result of the measurements, low upper limits have been found for the spectrum from the source. Combined with the positive detections made with satellites at high energies, the measurements show that the photon number spectrum must have a spectral index harder than 2.0. The data appear inconsistent with models of the source in which the presumed neutron star is surrounded by a cloud thick to X-rays. Negative results of the search for periodicity are discussed.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Astronomy and Astrophysics; 79; 1-2,; Oct. 197
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  • 16
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    A device model for the tandem junction solar cell (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: A conceptual device model has been developed to explain operation of the tandem junction cell (TJC) when back contacts only are used. Operation and parameters of the cell are explained by transistor action. Experimental observations are presented which confirm that current is collected for carrier generation in the front uncontacted n(plus) region. The model should be useful as a guideline to optimize the TJC by application of transistor design principles.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices; ED-26; Sept
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  • 17
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    The importance of surface recombination and energy-bandgap narrowing in p-n-junction silicon solar cells (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Experimental data demonstrating the sensitivity of open-circuit voltage to front-surface conditions are presented for a variety of p-n-junction silicon solar cells. Analytical models accounting for the data are defined and supported by additional experiments. The models and the data imply that a) surface recombination significantly limits the open-circuit voltage (and the short-circuit current) of typical silicon cells, and b) energy-bandgap narrowing is important in the manifestation of these limitations. The models suggest modifications in both the structural design and the fabrication processing of the cells that would result in substantial improvements in cell performance. The benefits of one such modification - the addition of a thin thermal silicon-dioxide layer on the front surface - are indicated experimentally.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices; ED-26; Sept
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  • 18
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    Evaluation of models to predict insolation on tilted surfaces (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: An empirical study was performed to evaluate the validity of various insolation models which employ either an isotropic or an anisotropic distribution approximation for sky light when predicting insolation on tilted surfaces. Data sets of measured hourly insolation values were obtained over a 6-month period using pyranometers which received diffuse and total solar radiation on a horizontal plane and total radiation on surfaces tilted toward the equator at 37 degrees and 60 degrees angles above the horizon. Data on the horizontal surfaces were used in the insolation models to predict insolation on the tilted surface; comparisons of measured vs calculated insolation on the tilted surface were examined to test the validity of the sky light approximations. It was found that the Liu-Jordan isotropic distribution model provides a good fit to empirical data under overcast skies but underestimates the amount of solar radiation incident on tilted surfaces under clear and partly cloudy conditions.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: Solar Energy; 23; 2, 19; 1979
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  • 19
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    A simple theory of back-surface-field /BSF/ solar cells (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: An earlier calculation of the I-V characteristics of solar cells contains a mistake. The current generated by light within the depletion layer is too large by a factor of 2. When this mistake is corrected, not only are all previous conclusions unchanged, but the agreement with experiment becomes better. Results are presented in graphical form of new computations which not only take account of the factor of 2, but also include more recent data on material parameters.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: Journal of Applied Physics; 50; Aug. 197
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  • 20
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    Generalized velocities in the outer region of hypersonic turbulent boundary layers (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: An attempt is made to show that the outer portion of the velocity profile of hypersonic turbulent boundary layers can be transformed so that the constants determined by a best fit to the law of the wake are in reasonable agreement with the wake constant for incompressible boundary layers at the same Reynolds number. Both y transformations (where y is distance from the surface) and velocity transformations produce velocity profiles which, with the proper choice of wall shear stress to give shear velocity, can be reduced to the incompressible law of the wall.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: AIAA Journal; 17; Aug. 197
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  • 21
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    Accurate numerical evaluation of modified Struve functions occurring in unsteady aerodynamics (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: A method is developed for computing the modified Struve functions that occur in unsteady aerodynamics. The method uses a rational approximation supplemented by an asymptotic series for large argument. Simple recursive formulas for generating the coefficients are derived. The method is capable of generating results of arbitrary accuracy. It can also be used for complex argument and order. For greater computing speed, a method is presented that uses the rational and asymptotic approximations to generate Chebyshev coefficients.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Journal of Aircraft; 16; July 197
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  • 22
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    Low-cost encapsulation materials for terrestrial solar cell modules (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The paper presents the findings of material surveys intended to identify low cost materials which could be functional as encapsulants (by 1986) for terrestrial solar cell modules. Economic analyses have indicated that in order to meet the low cost goal of $2.70 per sq m, some or all of the following material technologies must be developed or advanced: (1) UV screening outer covers; (2) elastomeric acrylics; (3) weatherproofing and waterproofing of structural wood and paper products; (4) transparent UV stabilizers for the UV-sensitive transparent pottants; and (5) cost-effective utilization of silicone and fluorocarbon materials.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: Solar Energy; 22; 4, 19; 1979
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  • 23
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    X-ray emission from gamma-ray sources in the galactic anticentre region (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: An X-ray survey of three high energy gamma-ray sources in the galactic anticenter region conducted using the large area sky survey instrument on HEAO 1 is presented. The sensitivity of this survey is highest reported, and two, and possibly three, X-ray sources were detected in the vicinity of gamma 195+5. Three new X-ray sources have been discovered within a few degrees of CG176-7, but none overlaps the gamma-ray error box. These results demonstrate that gamma-ray sources like CG195+4 and CG176-7 have emission characteristics different from the Crab pulsar, but may be similar to the Vela pulsar. Alternatively, the lack of detectable X-ray flux suggests that the gamma-ray emission arises from cosmic-ray interactions in dense interstellar clouds. An interesting feature of the new X-ray sources is that four of them may be associated with early-type stars which exhibit emission lines.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Nature; 282; Dec. 13
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  • 24
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    Solar cell spectral response characterization (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The absolute spectral response of solar cells is reported in the 400-1000-nm spectral region. Measurements were performed using two different types of monochromatic sources: amplitude-stabilized CW laser lines and interference filters with an incandescent lamp. Both types of calibration procedures use electrical substitution radiometry as the basis of traceability to absolute SI units. The accuracy of the calibration is shown to be limited by the nonideal characteristics of the solar cells themselves, specifically spatial nonuniformities and nonlinearities induced by high light levels.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: Applied Optics; 18; Dec. 1
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  • 25
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    Laminar and turbulent flows over a spherically blunted cone with massive surface blowing (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Numerical solutions are presented for the flow over a spherically blunted cone with massive surface blowing. Time-dependent viscous shock layer equations are used to describe the flowfield. The boundary conditions on the body surface include a prescribed blowing rate distribution. The governing equations are solved by a time-asymptotic finite-difference method. Results presented here are only for a perfect gas-type flow at zero angle of attack. Both laminar and turbulent flow solutions are obtained. It is found that the surface blowing smooths out the effect of the curvature discontinuity at the sphere-cone juncture point on the laminar flowfield and results in a negative pressure gradient over the body. The shock slope increases on the downstream portion of the body as the surface blowing rate is increased. The turbulent flow with surface blowing is found to redevelop a boundary-layer-like region near the surface. The effects of this boundary-layer-like region on the flowfield and heating rates are discussed.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: AIAA Journal; 17; Dec. 197
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  • 26
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    The mean intensity of radiation at 2 microns in the solar neighborhood (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Consideration is given to the value of the mean intensity at 2 microns in the solar neighborhood, and it is found that it is likely to be a factor of four greater than previously estimated on theoretical grounds. It is noted however, that the estimate does agree with a reasonable extrapolation of the results of the survey of the Galactic plane by the Japanese group. It is concluded that the mean intensity in the solar neighborhood therefore probably peaks somewhat longward of 1 micron, and that this result is important for understanding the temperature of interstellar dust and the intensity of the far infrared background. This means specifically that dark clouds probably emit significantly more far infrared radiation than previously predicted.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Astrophysical Letters; 20; 3, 19; 1979
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  • 27
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    Galactic plane gamma-radiation (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Analysis of the SAS 2 data together with the COS B results shows that the distribution of galactic gamma-radiation has several similarities to that of other large-scale tracers of galactic structure. The radiation is primarily confined to a thin disc which exhibits offsets from b = 0 degrees similar to warping at radio frequencies. The principal distinction of the gamma-radiation is a stronger contrast in intensity between the region from 310 to 45 degrees in longitude and the regions away from the center that can be attributed to a variation in cosmic-ray density as a function of position in Galaxy. The diffuse galactic gamma-ray energy spectrum shows no significant variation in direction, and the spectrum seen along the plane is the same as that for the galactic component of the gamma-radiation at high altitudes. The uniformity of the galactic gamma-ray spectrum, the smooth decrease in intensity as a function of altitude, and the absence of any galactic gamma-ray sources at high altitudes indicate a diffuse origin for bulk of the galactic gamma-radiation rather than a collection of localized sources.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 230
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  • 28
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    The annihilation of galactic positrons (1979)
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The annihilation of galactic positrons is studied in order to evaluate the probabilities of various channels of annihilation and to calculate the spectrum of the resulting radiation. The narrow width (FWHM less than 3.2 keV) of the 0.511-MeV line observed from the galactic center by Leventhal, McCallum, and Stang (1978) implies that a large fraction of positrons should annihilate in a medium of temperature less than 100,000 K and ionization fraction greater than 0.05. H II regions at the galactic center could be possible sites of annihilation.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 228
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  • 29
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    Radiation energy conversion in space (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Topics discussed at the third NASA conference on radiant energy conversion are reviewed. The unconcentrated-photovoltaic-generation version of a solar power satellite is described, noting that it will consist of a 21.3 x 5.3-sq-km silicon-solar-cell array expected to provide 17 Gw of electrical power, with 1 km in diam transmitters oriented to beam 2.45 GHz microwave power to two receiving/rectifying 'rectennas' on earth. The Solares space-energy-system concept, designed for providing a large fraction of the world's energy needs at costs comparable to those of future coal/nuclear alternative, is considered, as are subsystems for improving the economics of the solar power satellite. A concept proposing the use of relativistic-electron-storage rings for electron-beam energy transmission and storage, and a report on the production of a high temperature plasma with concentrated solar radiation are taken into account. Laser-conversion systems, including the direct-solar-pumped space laser, and the telec-powered spacecraft, are discussed.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: Astronautics and Aeronautics; 17; Mar. 197
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  • 30
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    Fast, conservative schemes for the full potential equation applied to transonic flows (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Implicit approximate factorization techniques (AF) are investigated for the solution of matrix equations resulting from finite-difference approximations to the full potential equation in conservation form. For transonic flows, an artificial viscosity, required to maintain stability in supersonic regions, is introduced by an upwind bias of the density. Two implicit AF procedures are presented, and their convergence performance is compared with that of the standard transonic solution procedure: successive line overrelaxation (SLOR). Subcritical and supercritical test cases are considered. Results indicate a substantial improvement in convergence rate for AF schemes relative to SLOR.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: AIAA Journal; 17; Feb. 197
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  • 31
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    Criteria for asymptotic supersonic two-dimensional turbulent wakes (1979)
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Indicators used to determine the fully developed mean flow for two dimensional turbulent supersonic wakes are examined. The similarity variables for velocity temperature and the transverse coordinate used by Demetriades (1969) and Wagner (1972) are shown not to adequately distinguish transition from developed turbulent flows. The growth rate of the two dimensional turbulent wake as the wake develops from laminar to turbulent are shown to be low in the laminar region, increase at transition, and level off as fully developed turbulence is attained, demonstrating that wake growth rates are better indicators of a fully developed mean flow than are similarity variables.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: AIAA Journal; 17; July 197
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  • 32
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    Quasi-periodic structure of a turbulent jet (1979)
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The instantaneous near field pressure fluctuations of an axisymmetric subsonic jet were measured by using a longitudinal and an azimuthal microphone arrays in order to qualitatively determine the behaviors of the quasi-periodic structure within the flow. Statistical analysis is used to explain the characteristic of the pressure signals. In addition to the information obtained by forming the power spectral density, auto- and cross-correlation functions, two types of signals are extracted through a conditional probability analysis to represent the quasi-periodic and the random fine structures within the turbulent jet. The quasi-periodic structure first appears as a rolling up of the mixing layer flow within one nozzle diameter downstream of the exit, then becomes fully developed at approximately 3 nozzle diameters downstream with a preferred Strouhal number range 0.3-0.4, and finally disappears beyond the end of potential core. This behavior is also reflected in the variation of the convection velocity.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Journal of Sound and Vibration; 64; May 8
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  • 33
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    Charge equilibrium and radiation of low-energy cosmic rays passing through interstellar medium (1979)
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The charge equilibrium and radiation of an oxygen and an iron beam in the MeV per nucleon energy range, representing a typical beam of low-energy cosmic rays passing through the interstellar medium, are considered. Electron loss of the beam has been taken into account by means of the first Born approximation, allowing for the target atom to remain unexcited or to be excited to all possible states. Electron-capture cross sections have been calculated by means of the scaled Oppenheimer-Brinkman-Kramers approximation, taking into account all atomic shells of the target atoms and capture into all excited states of the projectile. The capture and loss cross sections are found to be within 20%-30% of the existing experimental values for most of the cases considered. Radiation of the beam due to electron capture into the excited states of the ion, collisional excitation, and collisional inner-shell ionization, taking into account the fluorescence yield of the ions, has been considered. Effective X-ray production cross sections and multiplicities for the most energetic X-ray lines emitted by the Fe and O beams have been calculated, and error estimates made for the results.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 229
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    Helios 2-Vela-Ariel 5 gamma-ray burst source position (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The gamma-ray burst of January 28, 1976, one of 18 events thus far detected in interplanetary space with Helios 2, was also observed with the Vela 5A and 6A and the Ariel 5 satellites. A small source field is obtained from the intersection of the region derived from the observed time delays between Helios 2 and Vela 5A and 6A, with the source region independently found with the Ariel 5 X-ray detector. This area contains neither any steady X-ray source as scanned by HEAO 1 nor any previously cataloged X-ray, radio, or infrared sources, X-ray transients, quasars, Seyferts, globular clusters, flare stars, pulsars, white dwarfs, or high enery gamma-ray sources. The region is, however, within the source field of a gamma-ray transient observed in 1974 by Jacobson et al. (1978) which exhibited nuclear gamma-ray line structure.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 229
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    The dynamical halo and the variation of cosmic-ray path length with energy (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: It is shown that the dynamical halo model offers a natural explanation for the form of the variation of the cosmic-ray path length with energy. The variation above about 1 GeV per nucleon can be understood as due to the variation of the diffusion coefficient, and hence the resident time, with energy. The flattening of the curve below 1 GeV per nucleon is seen to mark a transition to a convection-dominated regime where the diffusion coefficient is no longer the determining parameter. A fit to the observations yields a halo outflow velocity of 8 km/s. An attempt is made to determine the overall scale of the halo and the diffusion coefficient using recent Be-10 flux measurements, but the data do not agree well enough to pin down these variables to within less than four or five orders of magnitude.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 229
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    Reynolds number effects on the turbulence field in compressible boundary layers (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Detailed experiments were conducted in a zero pressure gradient, supersonic turbulent boundary layer, including measurements of the three components of velocity fluctuations and the turbulent shear stress, for Reynolds numbers ranging from 11.7 million to 105 million at a freestream Mach number of 2.3. The mean flow measurements established the fully developed and equilibrium nature of the boundary layer. Measurements of the turbulence field show that the vertical and transverse fluctuations are essentially equal throughout the boundary layer at all Reynolds numbers, a feature that is different from observations in incompressible flows. The data show that the boundary layer exhibits similarity in the turbulence profiles for the entire Reynolds number range and agrees with previous compressible and incompressible data using Morkovin's scaling to account for compressibility effects.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: AIAA Journal; 17; Apr. 197
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    Application of the superposition principle to solar-cell analysis (1979)
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The superposition principle of differential-equation theory - which applies if and only if the relevant boundary-value problems are linear - is used to derive the widely used shifting approximation that the current-voltage characteristic of an illuminated solar cell is the dark current-voltage characteristic shifted by the short-circuit photocurrent. Analytical methods are presented to treat cases where shifting is not strictly valid. Well-defined conditions necessary for superposition to apply are established. For high injection in the base region, the method of analysis accurately yields the dependence of the open-circuit voltage on the short-circuit current (or the illumination level).
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices; ED-26; Mar. 197
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    Comparison of two total energy systems for a diesel power generation plant (1979)
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The capabilities and limitations, as well as the associated costs for two total energy systems for a diesel power generation plant are compared. Both systems utilize waste heat from engine cooling water and waste heat from exhaust gases. Pressurized water heat recovery system is simple in nature and requires no engine modifications, but operates at lower temperature ranges. On the other hand, a two-phase ebullient system operates the engine at constant temperature, provides higher temperature water or steam to the load, but is more expensive.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: The Deep Space Network; p 89-93
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  • 39
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    A two-dimensional thermal analysis of a new high-performance tubular solar collector (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The first of two articles are presented which describe and analyze the thermal performance of a vacuum tube solar collector. The assumptions and mathematical modeling are presented. The problem is reduced to the formulation of two simultaneous linear differential equations characterizing the collector thermal behavior. After applying the boundary conditions, a general solution is obtained which is found similar to the general Hottel, Whillier and Bliss form but with a complex flow factor.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: The Deep Space Network; p 116-131
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  • 40
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    The updated algorithm of the Energy Consumption Program (ECP): A computer model simulating heating and cooling energy loads in buildings (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The energy Comsumption Computer Program was developed to simulate building heating and cooling loads and compute thermal and electric energy consumption and cost. This article reports on the new additional algorithms and modifications made in an effort to widen the areas of application. The program structure was rewritten accordingly to refine and advance the building model and to further reduce the processing time and cost. The program is noted for its very low cost and ease of use compared to other available codes. The accuracy of computations is not sacrificed however, since the results are expected to lie within + or - 10% of actual energy meter readings.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: The Deep Space Network; p 107-115
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    Some steady and oscillating airfoil test results, including the effects of sweep, from the tunnel spanning wing (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: A large scale tunnel spanning wing was built and tested. The model can be operated as either a swept or unswept wing and can be tested in steady state or oscillated sinusoidally in pitch about its quarter chord. Data is taken at mid-span with an internal 6-component balance and is also obtained from miniature pressure transducers distributed near the center span region. A description is given of the system and a brief discussion of some of the steady and unsteady results obtained to date. These are the steady load behavior to Mach numbers of approximately 1.1 and unsteady loads, including drag, at a reduced frequency of approximately 0.1.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA. Langley Res. Center Advanced Technol. Airfoil Res., Vol. 1, Pt. 1; p 445-458
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    A new airfoil research capability (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The design and construction of a self streamlining wall test section for the Langley 0.3 meter transonic cryogenic tunnel was included in the fiscal year 1978 construction of facilities budget for Langley Research Center. The design is based on the research being carried out by M. J. Goodyer at the University of Southampton, Southampton, England, and is supported by Langley Research Center. This paper presents a brief description of the project. Included are some of the design considerations, anticipated operational envelope, and sketches showing the detail design concepts. Some details of the proposed operational mode, safety aspects, and preliminary schedule are presented.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Advanced Technol. Airfoil Res., Vol. 1, Pt. 1; p 425-432
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    Design and calibration of slotted walls for transonic airfoil wind tunnels (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The traditional procedure for estimating the performance of slotted walls for airfoil wind tunnels is reviewed, and a modification which improves the accuracy of this procedure is described. Unlike the traditional procedure, the modified procedure indicates that the design of airfoil wind-tunnel walls which induce minimal blockage and streamline-curvature effects is feasible. The design and testing of such a slotted wall is described. It is shown experimentally that the presence of a model can affect the plenum pressure and thus make the use of the plenum pressure as a calibration reference questionable. Finally, an ONERA experiment which shows the effect of the sidewall boundary layer on the measured model normal force is discussed.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Advanced Technol. Airfoil Res., Vol. 1, Pt. 1; p 433-443
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    Inverse boundary-layer technique for airfoil design (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: A description is presented of a technique for the optimization of airfoil pressure distributions using an interactive inverse boundary-layer program. This program allows the user to determine quickly a near-optimum subsonic pressure distribution which meets his requirements for lift, drag, and pitching moment at the desired flow conditions. The method employs an inverse turbulent boundary-layer scheme for definition of the turbulent recovery portion of the pressure distribution. Two levels of pressure-distribution architecture are used - a simple roof top for preliminary studies and a more complex four-region architecture for a more refined design. A technique is employed to avoid the specification of pressure distributions which result in unrealistic airfoils, that is, those with negative thickness. The program allows rapid evaluation of a designed pressure distribution off-design in Reynolds number, transition location, and angle of attack, and will compute an airfoil contour for the designed pressure distribution using linear theory.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA. Langley Res. Center Advanced Technol. Airfoil Res., Vol. 1, Pt. 1; p 383-397
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    Langley's two-dimensional research facilities: Capabilities and plans (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The current capabilities and the forthcoming plans for Langley's two-dimensional research facilities are described. The characteristics of the Langley facilities are discussed in terms of Reynolds number, Mach number, and angle-of-attack capabilities. Comments are made with regard to the approaches which have been investigated to alleviate typical problem areas such as wall boundary effects. Because of the need for increased Reynolds number capability at high subsonic speeds, a considerable portion of the paper deals with a description of the 20 by 60 cm two-dimensional test section of the Langley 0.3 meter transonic cryogenic tunnel which is currently in the calibration and shakedown phase.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Advanced Technol. Airfoil Res., Vol. 1, Pt. 1; p 399-414
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    The prediction of two-dimensional airfoil stall progression (1979)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: A generalized boundary condition potential flow calculation method was combined with a momentum integral boundary layer method and a base flow theory of separation to predict airfoil viscous-inviscid interference up to and beyond stall. The resultant program considers laminar and turbulent separation and is, therefore, applicable to thin or thick airfoil stall. The calculated flow field includes the airfoil and the separation bubble recombination region behind the airfoil. Calculated pressure distributions and equivalent airfoil shapes, including the displacement thickness of the viscous regions, are compared with flow field measurements for several airfoils. The measured displacement thicknesses and wake centerlines corroborate the calculated shape. The comparison also suggests the use of the analytical solution to evaluate the measurements.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA. Langley Res. Center Advanced Technol. Airfoil Res., Vol. 1, Pt. 1; p 335-345
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    Application of numerical optimization to the design of advanced supercritical airfoils (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: An application of numerical optimization to the design of advanced airfoils for transonic aircraft showed that low-drag sections can be developed for a given design Mach number without an accompanying drag increase at lower Mach numbers. This is achieved by imposing a constraint on the drag coefficient at an off-design Mach number while minimizing the drag coefficient at the design Mach number. This multiple design-point numerical optimization has been implemented with the use of airfoil shape functions which permit a wide range of attainable profiles during the optimization process. Analytical data for the starting airfoil shape, a single design-point optimized shape, and a double design-point optimized shape are presented. Experimental data obtained in the NASA Ames two-by two-foot wind tunnel are also presented and discussed.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA. Langley Res. Center Advanced Technol. Airfoil Res., Vol. 1, Pt. 1; p 315-325
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    Improved prediction of laminar leading edge separation (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Research was conducted to provide a definite criterion for the prediction of the bubble burst on airfoils typical of those used for fighter wings. The approach taken was to correlate existing airfoil bubble burst data using various parameters at the laminar separation point. The method due to Weber was modified to provide a continuous analytic solution for the velocity distribution around the airfoil leading edge. Coupling the modified Weber method with the Stratford laminar separation prediction method leads to a universal chart giving the conditions at separation as a function of stagnation location and leading edge radius. Application of the combined method to available two-dimensional airfoil data resulted in an empirical criterion presenting the limiting local velocity gradient at separation as a function of the boundary layer momentum thickness at separation for bubble burst. The correlation leads as well to the qualitative explanation of two types of laminar stall: thin airfoil and leading edge. The validity of the correlation is demonstrated by predicting the lift coefficient and angle of attack for stall on airfoils with leading edge or trailing edge flaps.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA. Langley Res. Center Advanced Technol. Airfoil Res., Vol. 1, Pt. 1; p 327-334
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    Optimization of multi-element airfoils for maximum lift (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Two theoretical methods are presented for optimizing multi-element airfoils to obtain maximum lift. The analyses assume that the shapes of the various high lift elements are fixed. The objective of the design procedures is then to determine the optimum location and/or deflection of the leading and trailing edge devices. The first analysis determines the optimum horizontal and vertical location and the deflection of a leading edge slat. The structure of the flow field is calculated by iteratively coupling potential flow and boundary layer analysis. This design procedure does not require that flow separation effects be modeled. The second analysis determines the slat and flap deflection required to maximize the lift of a three element airfoil. This approach requires that the effects of flow separation from one or more of the airfoil elements be taken into account. The theoretical results are in good agreement with results of a wind tunnel test used to corroborate the predicted optimum slat and flap positions.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA. Langley Res. Center Advanced Technol. Airfoil Res., Vol. 1, Pt.1; p 237-253
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    Improvements in surface singularity analysis and design methods (1979)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The coupling of the combined source vortex distribution of Green's potential flow function with contemporary numerical techniques is shown to provide accurate, efficient, and stable solutions to subsonic inviscid analysis and design problems for multi-element airfoils. The analysis problem is solved by direct calculation of the surface singularity distribution required to satisfy the flow tangency boundary condition. The design or inverse problem is solved by an iteration process. In this process, the geometry and the associated pressure distribution are iterated until the pressure distribution most nearly corresponding to the prescribed design distribution is obtained. Typically, five iteration cycles are required for convergence. A description of the analysis and design method is presented, along with supporting examples.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA. Langley Res. Center Advanced Technol. Airfoil Res., Vol. 1, Pt. 1; p 221-236
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    Prospects for computing airfoil aerodynamics with Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes codes (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes equations are solved numerically for a variety of transonic airfoil configurations where viscous phenomena are important. Illustrative examples include flows past sensitive geometries, Reynolds number effects, and buffet phenomena.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA. Langley Res. Center Advanced Technol. Airfoil Res., Vol. 1, Pt. 1; p 119-131
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    Overview of two-dimensional airfoil research at Ames Research Center (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The five basic elements of the two dimensional airfoil research program at Ames Research Center are illustrated. These elements are experimental, theoretical (including computational), validation, design optimization, and industry interaction. Each area is briefly discussed.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA. Langley Res. Center Advanced Technol. Airfoil Res., Vol. 1, Pt. 1; p 39-44
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    Low speed airfoil design and analysis (1979)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: A low speed airfoil design and analysis program was developed which contains several unique features. In the design mode, the velocity distribution is not specified for one but many different angles of attack. Several iteration options are included which allow the trailing edge angle to be specified while other parameters are iterated. For airfoil analysis, a panel method is available which uses third-order panels having parabolic vorticity distributions. The flow condition is satisfied at the end points of the panels. Both sharp and blunt trailing edges can be analyzed. The integral boundary layer method with its laminar separation bubble analog, empirical transition criterion, and precise turbulent boundary layer equations compares very favorably with other methods, both integral and finite difference. Comparisons with experiment for several airfoils over a very wide Reynolds number range are discussed. Applications to high lift airfoil design are also demonstrated.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Advanced Technol. Airfoil Res., Vol. 1, Pt. 1; p 73-100
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    Langley airfoil-research program (1979)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: An overview of past, present, and future airfoil research activities at the Langley Research Center is given. The immediate past and future occupy most of the discussion; however, past accomplishments and milestones going back to the early NACA years are dealt with in a broad-brush way to give a better perspective of current developments and programs. In addition to the historical perspective, a short description of the facilities which are now being used in the airfoil program is given. This is followed by a discussion of airfoil developments, advances in airfoil design and analysis tools (mostly those that have taken place over the past 5 or 6 years), and tunnel-wall-interference predictive methods and measurements. Future research requirements are treated.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Advanced Technol. Airfoil Res., Vol. 1, Pt. 1; p 11-38
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    Prediction of aerodynamic characteristics for slender bodies alone and with lifting surfaces to high angles of attack (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-10-02
    Description: A method is presented for computing normal force and pitching moment coefficients for slender bodies of circular and noncircular cross section alone and with lifting surfaces. A semiempirical term representing viscous-separation crossflow is added to a term representing potential-theory crossflow. For bodies of revolution, computed aerodynamic characteristics agree with measured results for investigated free-stream Mach numbers from 0.6 to 2.9 and for angles of attack from 0 deg to 180 deg. For bodies of elliptic cross section, measured results are predicted well over the investigated Mach number range from 0.6 to 2.0 and the angle range from 0 deg to 60 deg. For all bodies the predictions are best at supersonic Mach numbers. For body-wing and body-wing-tail configurations, measured normal force coefficients and centers are predicted at the upper test Mach number of 2.0. As the Mach number is decreased to 0.6, the agreement for the normal-force coefficients rapidly deteriorates. When model flow-separation and vortex patterns are asymmetric, undesirable side forces are usually measured on the models at subsonic Mach numbers and zero sideslip angle. Generally, the side-force coefficients decrease or vanish with: increase in Mach number, decrease in nose fineness ratio, nose blunting, and flattening of body cross section.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: AGARD High Angle of Attack Aerodyn.; 40 p
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    Recent theoretical developments and experimental studies pertinent to vortex flow aerodynamics, with a view towards design (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-10-02
    Description: Recent progress in a research program directed toward an improved vortex flow technology base was reviewed. Analysis methods for conical flow and analysis and design methods for nonconical flows are presented. Applications are made for a variety of planar, nonplanar, and interferring lifting surfaces. Several methods are shown to provide reasonable estimates of over-all forces and moments for simple wing planforms with the suction analogy method currently offering the most versatility for arbitrary configuration applications. For the prediction of surface loadings the free vortex sheet method being developed by Boeing is shown to have considerable promise and further development of this type of method is encouraged. A data base for ogee strake-wing configurations is summarized with an emphasis on the requirements for maximizing the interference lift. A strake planform design procedure is discussed and a first solution (gothic in planview) is integrated with a wing body. The data show the strake to exhibit expected stable vortex characteristics. It was found that, apart from increasing sweep, conically cambered delta wings developed drag levels approaching that of attached flow with increasing either the lift or the wing camber height, lastly, an approximate vortex flow design method, based on the suction analogy, is outlined and an example is given.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: AGARD High Angle of Attack Aerodyn.; 31 p
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    Photovoltaic system criteria documents. Volume 5: Safety criteria for photovoltaic applications (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Methodology is described for determining potential safety hazards involved in the construction and operation of photovoltaic power systems and provides guidelines for the implementation of safety considerations in the specification, design and operation of photovoltaic systems. Safety verification procedures for use in solar photovoltaic systems are established.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA-CR-183320 , JPL-5250-3-VOL-5 , NAS 1.26:183320
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    Photovoltaic system criteria documents. Volume 3: Environmental issues and evaluation criteria for photovoltaic applications (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The environmental issues and evaluation criteria relating to the suitability of sites proposed for photovoltaic (PV) system deployment are identified. The important issues are defined, briefly discussed and then developed into evaluation criteria. System designers are provided with information on the environmental sensitivity of PV systems in realistic applications, background material which indicates the applicability of the siting issues identified, and evaluation criteria are defined to facilitate the selection of sites that maximize PV system operation.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA-CR-183318 , JPL-5250-3-VOL-3 , NAS 1.26:183318
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    Photovoltaic system criteria documents. Volume 1: Guidelines for evaluating the management and operations planning of photovoltaic applications (1979)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Guidelines are provided to the Field Centers for organization, scheduling, project and cost control, and performance in the areas of project management and operations planning for Photovoltaics Test and Applications. These guidelines may be used in organizing a T and A Project Team for system design/test, site construction and operation, and as the basis for evaluating T and A proposals. The attributes are described for project management and operations planning to be used by the Field Centers. Specifically, all project management and operational issues affecting costs, schedules and performance of photovoltaic systems are addressed. Photovoltaic tests and applications include residential, intermediate load center, central station, and stand-alone systems. The sub-categories of system maturity considered are: Initial System Evaluation Experiments (ISEE); System Readiness Experiments (SRE); and Commercial Readiness Demonstration Projects (CRDP).
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA-CR-183316 , JPL-5250-3-VOL-1 , NAS 1.26:183316
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    Photovoltaic system criteria documents. Volume 4: Review criteria for photovoltaic applications (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Guidelines are provided for the organization, preparation and conduct of program reviews for photovoltaic applications. These criteria apply to all photovoltaic applications. They include, but are not limited to, the following: (1) Conceptual design review; (2) Preliminary design review; (3) Critical design review; and (4) Operational readiness review. Contract goal's and objectives are met through program monitoring for cost, schedule, and performance for both managerial and technical elements for all PV applications activities.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA-CR-183319 , JPL-5250-3-VOL-4 , NAS 1.26:183319
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    Photovoltaic system criteria documents. Volume 2: Quality assurance criteria for photovoltaic applications (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Quality assurance criteria are described for manufacturers and installers of solar photovoltaic tests and applications. Quality oriented activities are outlined to be pursued by the contractor/subcontractor to assure the physical and operational quality of equipment produced is included. In the broad sense, guidelines are provided for establishing a QA organization if none exists. Mainly, criteria is provided to be considered in any PV quality assurance plan selected as appropriate by the responsible Field Center. A framework is established for a systematic approach to ensure that photovoltaic tests and applications are constructed in a timely and cost effective manner.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA-CR-183317 , JPL-5250-3-VOL-2 , NAS 1.26:183317
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    Results of a utility survey of the status of large wind turbine development (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Wind energy conversion systems were surveyed from a utility viewpoint to establish the state of the art with regard to: (1) availability of the type of machines; (2) quality of power generation; (3) suitability for electrical grid; (4) reliability; and (5) economics. Of the 23 designs discussed, 7 have vertical axis wind turbines, 9 have upwind horizontal axis turbines, and 7 have downwind horizontal axis turbines.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA. Lewis Res. Center Large Wind Turbine Design Characteristics and R and D Requirements; p 363-374
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  • 63
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    Large, low cost composite wind turbine blades (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: A woven roving E-glass tape, having all of its structural fibers oriented across the tape width was used in the manufacture of the spar for a wind turbine blade. Tests of a 150 ft composite blade show that the transverse filament tape is capable of meeting structural design requirements for wind turbine blades. Composite blades can be designed for interchangeability with steel blades in the MOD-1 wind generator system. The design, analysis, fabrication, and testing of the 150 ft blade are discussed.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA. Lewis Res. Center Large Wind Turbine Design Characteristics and R and D Requirements; p 309-324
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  • 64
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    The use of wood for wind turbine blade construction (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The interrelationships between moisture and wood, conditions for dry rot spore activity, the protection of wood fibers from moisture, wood resin composites, wood laminating, quality control, and the mechanical properties of wood are discussed. The laminated veneer and the bonded sawn stock fabrication techniques, used in the construction of a turbine blade with a monocoque 'D' section forming the leading edge and a built up trailing edge section, are described. A 20 foot root end sample complete with 24 bonded-in studs was successfully subjected to large onetime loads in both the flatwise and edgewise directions, and to fatigue tests. Results indicate that wood is both a viable and advantageous material for use in wind turbine blades. The basic material is reasonably priced, domestically available, ecologically sound, and easily fabricated with low energy consumption.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA. Lewis Res. Center Large Wind Turbine Design Characteristics and R and D Requirements; p 293-308
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  • 65
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    Evaluation of an operating MOD-OA 200 kW wind turbine blade (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Operating loads and structural damage were monitored during operation of the MOD-OA electric generating system. The turbine was damaged locally between stations 48 and 125 after 2.8 million rotations. Loads due to degraded yaw stiffness and fretting at rib station 48 were identified as primary to this distress. The repaired blades operated an additional 4.8 million rotations without problems.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA. Lewis Res. Center Large Wind Turbine Design Characteristics and R and D Requirements; p 239-265
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  • 66
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    Cost of energy evaluation (1979)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The estimated cost per kilowatt hour, the wind resources in the utilities service area, and the reliability of the units are considered in computing the cost of energy of the wind turbine generator system.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA. Lewis Res. Center Large Wind Turbine Design Characteristics and R and D Requirements; p 397-402
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  • 67
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    Status of the Southern California Edison Company 3 MW Wind Turbine Generator (WTG) demonstration project (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: To demonstrate the concept of utility scale electricity production from a high wind energy resource, a program was initiated to construct and test a 3 megawatt (3,000 kW) Schachle wind turbine generator near Palm Springs, California. The background and current status of this program are presented along with a summary of future planned program activities.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA. Lewis Res. Center Large Wind Turbine Design Characteristics and R and D Requirements; p 355-362
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  • 68
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    Blade design and operating experience on the MOD-OA 200 kW wind turbine at Clayton, New Mexico (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Two 60 foot long aluminum wind turbine blades were operated for over 3000 hours on the MOD-OA wind turbine. The first signs of blade structural damage were observed after 400 hours of operation. Details of the blade design, loads, cost, structural damage, and repair are discussed.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: Large Wind Turbine Design Characteristics and R and D Requirements; p 225-238
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  • 69
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    Alcoa wind turbines (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: An overview of Alcoa's wind energy program is given with emphasis on the the development of a low cost, reliable Darrieus Vertical Axis Wind Turbine System. The design layouts and drawings for fabrication are now complete, while fabrication and installation to utilize the design are expected to begin shortly.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA. Lewis Res. Center Large Wind Turbine Design Characteristics and R and D Requirements; p 155-171
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  • 70
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    Specification, siting and selection of large WECS prototypes (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The development of large-scale windpowered systems is outlined. Topics discussed include: prototype specifications development, site selection process, and selection of prototype contractor.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA. Lewis Res. Center Large Wind Turbine Design Characteristics and R and D Requirements; p 89-102
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  • 71
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    Design evolution of large wind turbine generators (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: During the past five years, the goals of economy and reliability have led to a significant evolution in the basic design--both external and internal--of large wind turbine systems. To show the scope and nature of recent changes in wind turbine designs, development of three types are described: (1) system configuration developments; (2) computer code developments; and (3) blade technology developments.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: Large Wind Turbine Design Characteristics and R and D Requirements; p 25-33
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  • 72
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    The Mechanism of Fluid Resistance (1979)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The mechanism of fluid resistance within the limit of the square law is presented. It was concluded that the investigations should be extended and completed in two directions, namely: by an investigation of stable vortex configurations in space, and by considering the perfect fluid as the limiting case of a viscous fluid and then limiting the law of vortex of formation with the condition that only those fluid particles which were in contact with the surface of the body can receive rotation.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA. Ames Res. Center Classical Aerodyn. Theory; p 57-66
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  • 73
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    Correlated ground based observations in support of the HEAO-1 X-ray observatory (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Using X-ray and optical photometry of UBVRI fluxes, energetic compact extragalactic sources were studied, such as BL Lacerta (Lac) and BL Lac objects-Markarian (Mrk) 421, Mrk 501, and B2 1308+32. BL Lac and BL Lac objects were found to have predominantly nonthermal spectrums. Photometric and spectroscopic properties of X Persei, an unusual Be star associated with an intrinsically weak X-ray source, were also studied. Both its X-ray and optical emission show complex variability on many different time scales.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: NASA. Marshall Space Flight Center HEAO Sci. Symp.; p 214-222
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  • 74
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    Considerations of some critical ejector problems (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Some aspects of ejector design and application, including, three dimensional effects and cross flow effects are presented.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA. Ames Res. Center Workshop on Thrust Augmenting Ejectors; p 363-384
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  • 75
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    Large-scale turbulent structures in jets and in flows over cavities and their relationship to entrainment and mixing (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Large scale structures in jets and in flows over cavities were investigated experimentally to determine their role in entrainment, mixing, and noise production. The presence of these structures resulted in growth of the shear layer and entrainment. Merging of adjacent large scale structures caused the near field pressure signal in excited flows. It is believed that both the entrained fluid as well as its eventual mixing with the jet flow can be controlled by introducing pulsation in the jet flow at a frequency for which the flow is most unstable.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA. Ames Res. Center Workshop on Thrust Augmenting Ejectors; p 295-309
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  • 76
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    Computer modeling of a two-junction, monolithic cascade solar cell (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The theory and design criteria for monolithic, two-junction cascade solar cells are described. The departure from the conventional solar cell analytical method and the reasons for using the integral form of the continuity equations are briefly discussed. The results of design optimization are presented. The energy conversion efficiency that is predicted for the optimized structure is greater than 30% at 300 K, AMO and one sun. The analytical method predicts device performance characteristics as a function of temperature. The range is restricted to 300 to 600 K. While the analysis is capable of determining most of the physical processes occurring in each of the individual layers, only the more significant device performance characteristics are presented.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA. Lewis Res. Center Solar Cell High Efficiency and Radiation Damage, 1979; p 267-281
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  • 77
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    Recent developments in ejector technology in the Air Force: An overview (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Basic and applied studies in thrust augmentation conducted at the Aerospace Research Laboratory at Wright-Patterson AFB which led to an effective configuration of the jet flap diffuser ejector, are reviewed. A method for compressible ejector flow analysis, developed in support of the preliminary design of an ejector thrust aircraft, is discussed and applied to single- and two-stage ejectors.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA. Ames Res. Center Workshop on Thrust Augmenting Ejectors; p 1-22
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  • 78
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    An interim report on the NTS-2 solar cell experiment (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Data obtained from the fourteen solar cell modules on the NTS-2 satellite are presented together with a record of panel temperature and sun inclination. The following flight data are discussed: (1) state of the art solar cell configurations which embody improvements in solar cell efficiency through new silicon surface and bulk technology, (2) improved coverslip materials and coverslip bonding techniques, (3) short and long term effects of ultraviolet rejection filters vs. no filters on the cells, (4) degradation on a developmental type of liquid epitaxy gallium-aluminum-arsenide solar cell, and (5) space radiation effects.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA. Lewis Res. Center Solar Cell High Efficiency and Radiation Damage, 1979; p 117-129
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  • 79
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    The NASA Lewis Research Center program in space solar cell research and technology (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Progress in space solar cell research and technology is reported. An 18 percent-AMO-efficient silicon solar cell, reduction in the radiation damage suffered by silicon solar cells in space, and high efficiency wrap-around contact and thin (50 micrometer) coplanar back contact silicon cells are among the topics discussed. Reduction in the cost of silicon cells for space use, cost effective GaAs solar cells, the feasibility of 30 percent AMO solar energy conversion, and reliable encapsulants for space blankets are also considered.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: Solar Cell High Efficiency and Radiation Damage, 1979; p 1-4
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  • 80
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    Temperature and intensity dependence of the performance of an electron-irradiated (AlGa)As/GaAs solar cell (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The performance of a Hughes, liquid-phase epitaxial 2 centimeter-by-2 centimeter, (AlGa)As/GaAs solar cell was measured before and after irradiations with 1 MeV electrons to fluences of 1 x 10 to the 16th power electrons/sq cm. The temperature dependence of performance was measured over the temperature range 135 to 415 K at each fluence level. In addition, temperature dependences were measured at five intensity levels from 137 to 2.57 mW/sq cm before irradiation and after a fluence of 1 x 10 to the 16th power electrons/sq cm. For the intermediate fluences, performance was measured as a function of intensity at 298 K only.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: Solar Cell High Frequency and Radiation Damage, 1979; p 217-226
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  • 81
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    High-energy electron-induced damage production at room temperature in aluminum-doped silicon (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: DLTS and EPR measurements are reported on aluminum-doped silicon that was irradiated at room temperature with high-energy electrons. Comparisons are made to comparable experiments on boron-doped silicon. Many of the same defects observed in boron-doped silicon are also observed in aluminum-doped silicon, but several others were not observed, including the aluminum interstitial and aluminum-associated defects. Damage production modeling, including the dependence on aluminum concentration, is presented.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA. Lewis Res. Center Solar Cell High Efficiency and Radiation Damage, 1979; p 185-196
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  • 82
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    Langley program of GaAs solar cells (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: A brief overview of the development of GaAs solar cell technology is provided. An 18 to 20 percent AMO efficiency, stability under radiation and elevated-temperature operation, and high power-to-weight ratio are among the factors studied. Cell cost and availability are also examined.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA. Lewis Res. Center Solar Cell High Efficiency and Radiation Damage, 1979; p 13-14
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  • 83
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    A Comparison of the Aerodynamic Characteristics of Eight Sailwing Airfoil Sections (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The operational characteristics of sailwings are discussed with emphasis placed on the importance of the trailing edge cable tension. The three dimensional aerodynamic characteristics were obtained from wind tunnel tests, and the results compared to determine the magnitude of the aerodynamic penalties paid for various structural simplifications. For the sectional thickness ratios, it is concluded that, while the basic double-membraned sailwing has exceptional aerodynamic performance, even superior for some applications to the conventional hardwing, any notable deviation from this configuration results in an unacceptably large performance penalty.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA. Langley Res. Center The Sci. and Technol. of Low Speed and Motorless Flight, Pt. 1; p 155-176
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  • 84
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    Low-speed single-element airfoil synthesis (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The use of recently developed airfoil analysis/design computational tools to clarify, enrich and extend the existing experimental data base on low-speed, single element airfoils is demonstrated. A discussion of the problem of tailoring an airfoil for a specific application at its appropriate Reynolds number is presented. This problem is approached by use of inverse (or synthesis) techniques, wherein a desirable set of boundary layer characteristics, performance objectives, and constraints are specified, which then leads to derivation of a corresponding viscous flow pressure distribution. Examples are presented which demonstrate the synthesis approach, following presentation of some historical information and background data which motivate the basic synthesis process.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA. Langley Res. Center The Sci. and Technol. of Low Speed and Motorless Flight, Pt. 1; p 1-31
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  • 85
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    Modeling of thin, back-wall silicon solar cells (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The performance of silicon solar cells with p-n junctions on the nonilluminated surface (i.e., upside-down or back-wall cells) was calculated. These structures consisted of a uniformly shaped p-type substrate layer, a p(+)-type field layer on the front (illuminated) surface, and a shallow, n-type junction on the back (nonilluminated) surface. A four-layer solar cell model was used to calculate efficiency, open-circuit voltage, and short-circuit current. The effect on performance of p-layer thickness and resistivity was determined. The diffusion length was varied to simulate the effect of radiation damage. The results show that peak initial efficiencies greater than 15 percent are possible for cell thicknesses or 100 micrometers or less. After 10 years of radiation damage in geosynchronous orbit, thin (25 to 50 micrometers thick) cells made from 10 to 100 ohm cm material show the smallest decrease (approximately 10 percent) in performance.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: Solar Cell High Efficiency and Radiation Damage, 1979; p 73-78
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  • 86
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    System configuration improvement (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Factors involved in the choice of the system configuration for the wind turbine generator are listed. It was found that choices among the many configuration options can be based strictly upon the resulting cost of energy results. Choices made on that basis also lead to reduced analytical complexity, less hardware complexity and reduced program risk. It was also found that many seemingly minor details turn out to have important impacts that are seen only after design, performance and cost-finding were thoroughly probed.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA. Lewis Res. Center Large Wind Turbine Design Characteristics and R and D Requirements; p 385-396
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  • 87
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    The Boeing MOD-2 wind turbine system rotor (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: External configuration, environmental, and internal design requirements for the 300 foot diameter MOD-2 rotor are discussed, with emphasis on design details, significance of fatigue strength, design development test results, and conclusions of the preliminary design efforts.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA. Lewis Res. Center Large Wind Turbine Design Characteristics and R and D Requirements; p 343-354
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  • 88
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    Structural analysis considerations for wind turbine blades (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Approaches to the structural analysis of wind turbine blade designs are reviewed. Specifications and materials data are discussed along with the analysis of vibrations, loads, stresses, and failure modes.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: Large Wind Turbine Design Characteristics and R and D Requirements; p 211-224
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  • 89
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    Large wind energy converter: Growian 3 MW (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The main features of the Growian wind energy converter are presented. Energy yield, environmental impact, and construction of the energy converter are discussed. Reliability of the windpowered system is assessed.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA Lewis Res. Center Large Wind Turbine Design Characteristics and R and D Requirements; p 121-132
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  • 90
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    Overview of Federal wind energy program (1979)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The objectives and strategies of the Federal wind energy program are described. Changes in the program structure and some of the additions to the program are included. Upcoming organizational changes and some budget items are discussed, with particular emphasis on recent significant events regarding new approvals.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA. Lewis Res. Center Large Wind Turbine Design Characteristics and R and D Requirements; p 1-24
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  • 91
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    Optical identification and spectroscopy of X-ray sources precisely positioned with A-3 (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Using a scanning modulation collimator, the optical identification of X-ray sources by means of precise positioning was carried out. Two galactic identifications (4U2129+47 and 2A0311-227) and two extragalactic identifications (NGC 526a and Parkes H2155-304) are described.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: NASA. Marshall Space Flight Center HEAO Sci. Symp.; p 251-260
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  • 92
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    Diffuse X-ray emission from Abell clusters (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Abell clusters of galaxies, specifically Abell 401 and Abell 399 regions, are discussed. Two sets of satellite observations were made. One was a lunar occultation pointed observation where there were two orbits in which to look at the regions while the moon scanned over it. The other was a scanning observation through the area. Two diffuse models of the X-ray emission were developed. Also, during the investigation three binary cluster systems were found where at least one member was an X-ray source. They were Abell 508, 509, 2177, 2178, 2204, and 2210.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: NASA. Marshall Space Flight Center HEAO Sci. Symp.; p 209-213
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  • 93
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    X-ray emission from the region of gamma 195+5 (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: X-ray observations of nineteen unidentified discrete celestial gamma ray sources are discussed. Results show some indication of X-rays from the gamma ray source region. On the assumption that the results are valid, it is concluded that the source error box is smaller than what it was.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: NASA. Marshall Space Flight Center HEAO Sci. Symp.; p 201-208
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  • 94
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    The external augmentor concept for V/STOL aircraft (1979)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The beneficial aspects of an ejector powered V/STOL concept were reviewed. The feasibility of satisfactorily incorporating an ejector system in a high performance V/STOL aircraft was investigated. The external augmentor concept, based on the use of chordwise ejector slots, is presented. It is concluded that the external augmentor concept has a basic inherent simplicity and a sufficient augmentor performance potential to make feasible a high performance V/STOL aircraft based on ejectors.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA. Ames Res. Center Workshop on Thrust Augmenting Ejectors; p 449-471
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  • 95
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    Interface concerns of ejector integration in V/STOL aircraft (1979)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: A number of areas which have in the past contributed to weight, complexity, and thrust losses in the ejector-powered V/STOL vehicle were identified. Most of these interfaces taken singly do not represent a severe compromise to the vehicle; however, the bottom line is that the sum of compromises and the subsequent effects on performance, flight operations and maintenance have rendered the ejector V/STOL aircraft unattractive. In addition to some of the unique ejector/aircraft integration problems, the vehicle by virtue of having a V/STOL capability, is compromised in other areas. To be successful and acceptable, the advantages must outweight the disadvantages and simplicity with minimum penalties must be the rule. It is concluded that more emphasis must be placed on the ejector/aircraft interface for the concept to be successful.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA. Ames Res. Center Workshop on Thrust Augmenting Ejectors; p 397-415
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  • 96
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    Entrainment characteristics of unsteady subsonic jets (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The effectiveness of jet unsteadiness in enhancing flow entrainment was assessed. It was conducted that entrainment depends on the type and amount of jet unsteadiness. Apparently, the mere introduction of jet unsteadiness by small sinusoidal flow angle variations is insufficient to enhance entrainment but, it should be noted that the results were obtained at measuring stations which are all many nozzle widths downstream of the jet nozzle. Thus, no fully conclusive statement can be made at this time about the entrainment close to the nozzle. The high entrainment of the fluidically oscillated jet was caused by the high-frequency content of this square wave type of oscillation but more detailed measurements are clearly needed, in particular for the fluidically oscillated and the pulsed jets. Practical ejector application requires the proper trade-off between entrainment and primary nozzle thrust efficiency.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA. Ames Res. Center Workshop on Thrust Augmenting Ejectors; p 311-324
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  • 97
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    Some tests on small-scale rectangular throat ejector (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: A small scale rectangular throat ejector with plane slot nozzles and a fixed throat area was tested to determine the effects of diffuser sidewall length, diffuser area ratio, and sidewall nozzle position on thrust and mass augmentation. The thrust augmentation ratio varied from approximately 0.9 to 1.1. Although the ejector did not have good thrust augmentation performance, the effects of the parameters studied are believed to indicate probable trends in thrust augmenting ejectors.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA. Ames Res. Center Workshop on Thrust Augmenting Ejectors; p 239-251
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  • 98
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    Summary of GaAs Solar Cell Performance and Radiation Damage Workshop (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The workshop considered the GaAs solar cell capability and promise in several steps: (1) maximum efficiency; (2) space application; (3) major technology problems (AR coating optimization, contacts); (4) radiation resistance; (5) cost and availability; and (6) alternatives. The workshop believes that GaAs solar cells are fast approaching the fulfillment of their potential as candidates for space cells. A maximum efficiency of 20 to 31 percent AMO can be reasonably expected from GaAs based cells, and this may go a little higher with concentration. The use of concentration in space needs to be more carefully evaluated.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA. Lewis Res. Center Solar Cell High Efficiency and Radiation Damage, 1979; p 253-254
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  • 99
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    Shallow-homojunction GaAs solar cells (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Single-crystal GaAs shallow-homojunction solar cells on GaAs or Ge substrates, without Ga sub 1-x Al sub x As window layers, that have conversion efficiencies exceeding 20% at AM1 (17% at AMO). Using a simple theoretical model, good fits were obtained between computer calculations and experimental data for external quantum efficiency and conversion efficiency of cells with different values of n+ layer thickness. The calculations not only yield values for material properties of the GaAs layers composing the cells but will also permit the optimization of cell designs for space and terrestrial applications. Preliminary measurements indicate that the shallow-homojunction cells are resistant to electron irradiation. In the best test so far, bombardment with 1 x 10 to the 16th power/sq cm fluence of 1 MeV electrons reduced the short-circuit current by only about 6%.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA. Lewis Res. Center Solar Cell High Frequency and Radiation Damage, 1979; p 227-233
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  • 100
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    Radiation damage in GaAs solar cells (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Recent results of electron and proton irradiation and annealing of GaAs solar cells are presented along with some implications of these results. A comparison between the energy-levels produced by protons and by electrons which are not stopped in the material indicate that the damage produced by protons and electrons may be qualitatively different. Thus, annealing of proton damage may be very different from the annealing of electron damage.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA. Lewis Res. Center Solar Cell High Efficiency and Radiation Damage, 1979; p 201-207
    Format: application/pdf
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