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  • Articles  (256)
  • Base Sequence  (179)
  • Structure-Activity Relationship  (85)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (256)
  • Annual Reviews
  • 1980-1984  (256)
  • 1955-1959
  • 1930-1934
  • Science. 207(4426): 19-27.  (1)
  • Science. 207(4427): 195-7.  (1)
  • Science. 207(4428): 309-11.  (1)
  • Science. 207(4431): 651-3.  (1)
  • Science. 207(4431): 661-2.  (1)
  • Science. 207(4432): 777-9.  (1)
  • Science. 207(4433): 893-6.  (1)
  • Science. 207(4436): 1222-4.  (1)
  • Science. 208(4439): 57-9.  (1)
  • Science. 208(4442): 402-4.  (1)
  • Science. 208(4442): 415-6.  (1)
  • Science. 208(4447): 1046-8.  (1)
  • Science. 208(4451): 1425-31.  (1)
  • Science. 209(4453): 289-92.  (1)
  • Science. 209(4455): 457-63.  (1)
  • Science. 209(4455): 493-5.  (1)
  • Science. 209(4456): 612-5.  (1)
  • Science. 209(4459): 929-31.  (1)
  • Science. 209(4460): 1032-4.  (1)
  • Science. 209(4461): 1128-32.  (1)
  • 25
  • Medicine  (256)
Collection
  • Articles  (256)
Source
Keywords
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (256)
  • Annual Reviews
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Year
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  • 1
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    Nucleic acid sequence bank (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-09-12
    Description: In the report by T. Kakunaga and J. D. Crow (25 July, p. 505), Fig. 1 on page 506 should have been printed as follows: [See figure in the PDF file]〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dayhoff, M O -- Schwartz, R M -- Chen, H R -- Hunt, L T -- Barker, W C -- Orcutt, B C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Sep 12;209(4462):1182.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7403878" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; *Information Systems ; *Nucleic Acids
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    Bioactive conformation of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone: evidence from a conformationally constrained analog (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-11-07
    Description: An analog of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone containing a gamma-lactam as a conformational constraint has been prepared with the use of a novel cyclization of a methionine sulfonium salt. The analog is more active as a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist that the parent hormone, and provides evidence for a bioactive conformation containing a beta-turn.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Freidinger, R M -- Veber, D F -- Perlow, D S -- Brooks, J R -- Saperstein, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Nov 7;210(4470):656-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7001627" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Biological Assay ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; *Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/analogs & derivatives ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Lactams ; Protein Conformation ; Rats ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Distribution of active gene sequences: a subset associated with tightly bound chromosomal proteins (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-02-08
    Description: The distribution of active polyadenylate-messenger RNA sequences in fractionated chicken liver chromatin was examined. A portion of these active gene sequences is concentrated in a DNA fraction retained by tightly bound nonhistone chromosomal proteins, while the nonretained DNA fraction is substantially depleted of a portion of these sequences. These findings suggest that the tightly bound nonhistones are physically associated with a subset of active gene sequences.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gates, D M -- Bekhor, I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 8;207(4431):661-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7352280" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Chickens ; Chromatin/ultrastructure ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/*metabolism ; DNA/*metabolism ; *Genes ; Liver/*metabolism ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Protein Binding ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Sodium Chloride
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    The phylogeny of prokaryotes (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-07-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fox, G E -- Stackebrandt, E -- Hespell, R B -- Gibson, J -- Maniloff, J -- Dyer, T A -- Wolfe, R S -- Balch, W E -- Tanner, R S -- Magrum, L J -- Zablen, L B -- Blakemore, R -- Gupta, R -- Bonen, L -- Lewis, B J -- Stahl, D A -- Luehrsen, K R -- Chen, K N -- Woese, C R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 25;209(4455):457-63.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6771870" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bacteria/*classification ; Base Sequence ; Biological Evolution ; Chloroplasts/analysis ; Clostridium/classification ; Cyanobacteria/classification ; DNA/analysis ; *Phylogeny ; RNA, Ribosomal/*analysis ; Species Specificity
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  • 5
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    Three-dimensional molecular modeling and drug design (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-06-27
    Description: A discussion of drug-receptor theory is used to show that the three-dimensional structure, or shape, of molecules is important for biological activity. The computer-assisted molecular modeling system at Merck is described, and it is shown that this system is useful for generating and storing molecular structures, determining preferred conformation, comparing molecular shapes, and computing molecular properties. Applications of the system to the study of anti-inflammatory drugs, somatostatin-like compounds, and dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors are summarized.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gund, P -- Andose, J D -- Rhodes, J B -- Smith, G M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jun 27;208(4451):1425-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6104357" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arachidonic Acids ; Binding Sites ; Computers ; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors ; Humans ; Indomethacin ; *Models, Molecular ; *Models, Structural ; *Molecular Conformation ; *Pharmaceutical Preparations ; Receptors, Drug/metabolism ; Somatostatin/analogs & derivatives ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    The 1980 Nobel Prize in Chemistry (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-11-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Nov 21;210(4472):887-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7001629" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Chemistry/history ; DNA/genetics ; DNA, Recombinant ; History, 20th Century ; Molecular Biology/*history ; *Nobel Prize
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Vesicle targeting: timed release and specificity for leukocytes in mice by subcutaneous injection (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-01-18
    Description: When unilamellar vesicles were administered subcutaneously in mice, the half-time for the destruction of the vesicles varied from 12 to 600 hours, depending on their composition. The vesicles tested consisted of distearoyl phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and certain sugar and amino-sugar derivatives of cholesterol. Vesicle with amino-sugar derivatives showed the greatest longevity and became localized with high specificity in aggregates of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. A substantial delay between the time that the vesicles broke open and the time that labels contained in the vesicles were excreted suggests that the vesicles undergo endocytosis before destruction.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mauk, M R -- Gamble, R C -- Baldeschwieler, J D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jan 18;207(4428):309-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7350660" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cholesterol/analogs & derivatives ; Endocytosis ; Liposomes/*therapeutic use ; Lysosomes/metabolism ; Metabolic Clearance Rate ; Mice ; Neutrophils/*metabolism ; Phosphatidylcholines ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 8
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    Regression of tumors in guinea pigs after treatment with synthetic muramyl dipeptides and trehalose dimycolate (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-04-25
    Description: A high incidence of tumor regression was observed in guinea pigs bearing transplantable, line-10 hepatocellular carcinomas when synthetic muramyl dipeptides combined with trehalose dimycolate in oil-in-water emulsions were injected directly into the tumors. These compounds are promising candidates to replace viable bacillus Calmette-Guerin in cancer immunotherapy in humans and animals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McLaughlin, C A -- Schwartzman, S M -- Horner, B L -- Jones, G H -- Moffatt, J G -- Nestor, J J Jr -- Tegg, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Apr 25;208(4442):415-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7189295" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine/administration & dosage/*therapeutic use ; Animals ; Cord Factors/administration & dosage/*therapeutic use ; Drug Combinations ; Emulsions ; Glycolipids/*therapeutic use ; Glycopeptides/*therapeutic use ; Immunotherapy ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/*therapy ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 9
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    Evolutionary conservation of repetitive sequence expression in sea urchin egg RNA's (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-05-30
    Description: Cloned repetitive DNA sequences were used to determine the number of homologous RNA transcripts in the eggs of two sea urchin species, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus and S. franciscanus. The eggs of these species contain different amounts of RNA, and their genomes contain different numbers of copies of the cloned repeats. The specific pattern of repetitive sequence representation in the two egg RNA's is nonetheless quantitatively similar. The evolutionary conservation of this pattern suggests the functional importance of repeat sequence expression.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Moore, G P -- Costantini, F D -- Posakony, J W -- Davidson, E H -- Britten, R J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 30;208(4447):1046-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6154974" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Biological Evolution ; DNA, Recombinant ; Female ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Ovum/physiology ; Plasmids ; RNA/*genetics ; Sea Urchins/*genetics ; Species Specificity ; Transcription, Genetic
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  • 10
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    J genes for heavy chain immunoglobulins of mouse (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-09-05
    Description: A 15,8-kilobase pair fragment of BALB/c mouse liver DNA, cloned in the Charon 4A lambda phage vector system, was shown to contain the mu heavy chain constant region (CHmu) gene for the mouse immunoglobulin M. In addition, this fragment of DNA contains at least two J genes, used to code for the carboxyl terminal portion of heavy chain variable regions. These genes are located in genomic DNA about eight kilobase pairs to the 5' side of the CHmu gene. The complete nucleotide sequence of a 1120-base pair stretch of DNA that includes the two J genes has been determined.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Newell, N -- Richards, J E -- Tucker, P W -- Blattner, F R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Sep 5;209(4461):1128-32.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6250219" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Binding Sites, Antibody/*genetics ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; DNA, Recombinant ; Genes ; Genetic Linkage ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin Variable Region/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin mu-Chains/*genetics ; Mice
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 11
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    Properties of a normal mouse cell DNA sequence (sarc) homologous to the src sequence of Moloney sarcoma virus (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-03-14
    Description: A 15.0-kilobase (kb) Eco RI DNA fragment from normal mouse Balb/c genomic DNA that contains sequences (sarc) homologous to the acquired cell sequences (src) of Moloney sarcoma virus (MSV) has been cloned in phage lambda. The sarc region (1.2 to 1.3 kb) of the 15.0-kb cell fragment is indistinguishable from the src region of two isolates of MSV as judged by heteroduplex and restriction endonuclease analyses. The cellular sequences flanking sarc show no homology to other MSV sequences. Whereas cloned subgenomic portions of MSV that contain src transformed NIH-3T3 cells in vitro, the cloned sarc fragment is inactive.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Oskarsson, M -- McClements, W L -- Blair, D G -- Maizel, J V -- Vande Woude, G F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 14;207(4436):1222-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6243788" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Chromosome Mapping ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; *Genes ; *Genes, Viral ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C/*genetics ; Moloney murine leukemia virus/*genetics ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization
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  • 12
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    Genes for growth hormone, chorionic somatommammotropin, and growth hormones-like gene on chromosome 17 in humans (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-07-11
    Description: The human genes for growth hormone (GH), chorionic somatomammotropin (CSH), and a third growth hormone-like gene (GHL) have been located on chromosome 17 in humans. DNA fragments of 2.6, 2.8, and 9.5 kilobase pairs containing GH, CSH, and GHL, respectively, were identified in human genomic DNA, and a 7.5-kilobase DNA fragment related to growth hormone DNA sequences was found in mouse cells. In somatic hybrids of human and mouse cells containing reduced numbers of human chromosomes, but a normal complement of mouse chromosomes, the mouse, 7.5-kolobase DNA fragment was always present, whereas the 2.6-, 2.8-, and 9.5-kilobase human fragments were present only when human chromosome 17 was also present.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Owerbach, D -- Rutter, W J -- Martial, J A -- Baxter, J D -- Shows, T B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 11;209(4453):289-92.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7384802" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; *Chromosomes, Human, 16-18 ; *DNA/metabolism ; *Genes ; Growth Hormone/*biosynthesis ; Humans ; Hybrid Cells/metabolism ; Mice ; Placental Lactogen/*biosynthesis ; Translocation, Genetic
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  • 13
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    The origins of gene instability in yeast (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-09-19
    Description: Two unstable mutations at the his4 locus of yeast are due to the insertion of the transposable elements Ty912 and Ty917 into the his4 regulatory region. The two transposons are related, one being derived from the other by a substitution of 4000 base pairs of DNA. Element Ty912 includes identical terminal repeats, whereas the terminal repeats of Ty917 are not identical. Transposition of Ty912 or Ty917 generates 5-base-pair duplications of the target DNA at either end of the element. Expression and reversion of a his4 gene containing Ty912 or Ty917 is controlled by three unlinked regulatory genes. The properties of these regulatory genes are similar to those described for the controlling elements in maize.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Roeder, G S -- Farabaugh, P J -- Chaleff, D T -- Fink, G R -- CA23441/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- GM07617/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM15408/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Sep 19;209(4463):1375-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6251544" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular/methods ; *DNA Transposable Elements ; DNA, Fungal/genetics ; Genes, Regulator ; Genetic Linkage ; Histidine/*genetics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/*genetics ; Suppression, Genetic
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  • 14
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    Stereospecific nicotine receptors on rat brain membranes (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-11-07
    Description: A stereospecific binding site for nicotine has been detected on rat brain membranes. Competition studies with cholinergic agonists suggest that this site is a nicotinic cholinergic receptor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Romano, C -- Goldstein, A -- DA-1938/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- DA-7063/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Nov 7;210(4470):647-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7433991" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Binding, Competitive ; Brain/*metabolism ; Ligands ; Male ; Nicotine/metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Cholinergic/*metabolism ; Receptors, Nicotinic/*metabolism ; Stereoisomerism ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Synaptic Membranes/metabolism
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  • 15
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    Directed deletion of a yeast transfer RNA intervening sequence (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-09-19
    Description: Many eukaryotic genes contain intevening sequences, segments of DNA that interrupt the continuity of the gene. They are removed from RNA transcripts of the gene by a process known as splicing. The intervening sequence in a yeast tyrosine transfer RNA (tRNA Tyr) suppressor gene was deleted in order to test its role in the expression of the gene. The altered gene and its parent were introduced into yeast by transformation. Both genes exhibited suppressor function, showing that the intervening sequence is not absolutely essential for the expression of this gene.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wallace, R B -- Johnson, P F -- Tanaka, S -- Schold, M -- Itakura, K -- Abelson, J -- CA10984/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- GM 26391/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM 35658/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Sep 19;209(4463):1396-400.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6997991" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Chromosome Deletion ; DNA, Recombinant ; Genes ; Mutation ; Nucleic Acid Precursors/genetics ; Plasmids ; RNA, Fungal/*genetics ; RNA, Transfer/*genetics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics ; Suppression, Genetic ; Tyrosine
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  • 16
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    GABA analogues activate channels of different duration on cultured mouse spinal neurons (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-04-17
    Description: Voltage-clamp recordings from mouse spinal neurons grown in culture were used to study the membrane current fluctuations induced by 12 substances structurally similar to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Fluctuation analysis provided estimates of the electrical properties of the elementary events underlying these responses. Estimates of the mean conductance of channels activated by all of the substances except glycine did not differ significantly from that estimated for GABA, whereas mean durations of agonist-activated channels all differed significantly from that found for GABA. The results indicate that all of the substances tested except glycine activate channels of similar conductance but of different durations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barker, J L -- Mathers, D A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Apr 17;212(4492):358-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6259733" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Membrane/drug effects ; Ion Channels/*drug effects ; Membrane Potentials/drug effects ; Mice ; Neurons/drug effects ; Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism ; Receptors, GABA-A ; Spinal Nerves/*drug effects ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Time Factors ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology
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  • 17
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    Multiple opiate receptors: alcohol selectively inhibits binding to delta receptors (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-10-23
    Description: The addition of ethanol or other aliphatic alcohols to rat brain membranes strongly inhibits binding of enkephalins at concentrations at which little inhibition of opiate alkaloids is seen. Inhibition is reversible, and potency increases with chain length of the alcohol. The results suggest that delta receptors are considerably more sensitive to alcohols than mu receptors. This is the first demonstration of selective inhibition of one of the postulated classes of opiate receptors by a reagent that is not a ligand for the receptor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hiller, J M -- Angel, L M -- Simon, E J -- DA-00017/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Oct 23;214(4519):468-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6270788" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alcohols/*pharmacology ; Animals ; Brain/metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; In Vitro Techniques ; Neuroblastoma/metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Opioid/classification/*drug effects/metabolism ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 18
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    Genes regulated through chromatin structure (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-11-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Nov 13;214(4522):775-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7292010" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Chromatin/*ultrastructure ; Deoxyribonucleases/metabolism ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Nucleic Acid Conformation
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  • 19
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    Insulin as a potent, specific growth factor in a rat hepatoma cell line (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-02-27
    Description: A line or rat hepatoma cells in culture which, in response to serum starvation, become arrested in the early G1 phase of growth, can be stimulated by insulin alone to enter the cell cycle and traverse S phase. A half-maximum response is observed at 30 to 70 picomolar concentrations and the maximum response is essentially identical to that found with optimum serum concentrations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Koontz, J W -- Iwahashi, M -- AM 24047/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Feb 27;211(4485):947-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7008195" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Cycle/drug effects ; Cell Division/drug effects ; Cell Line ; *Growth Substances ; Insulin/*pharmacology ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/*pathology ; Mitosis/drug effects ; Proinsulin/pharmacology ; Rats ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 20
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    Cloned viral protein vaccine for foot-and-mouth disease: responses in cattle and swine (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-12-04
    Description: A DNA sequence coding for the immunogenic capsid protein VP3 of foot-and-mouth disease virus A12, prepared from the virion RNA, was ligated to a plasmid designed to express a chimeric protein from the Escherichia coli tryptophan promoter-operator system. When Escherichia coli transformed with this plasmid was grown in tryptophan-depleted media, approximately 17 percent of the total cellular protein was found to be an insoluble and stable chimeric protein. The purified chimeric protein competed equally on a molar basis with VP3 for specific antibodies to foot-and-mouth disease virus. When inoculated into six cattle and two swine, this protein elicited high levels of neutralizing antibody and protection against challenge with foot-and-mouth disease virus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kleid, D G -- Yansura, D -- Small, B -- Dowbenko, D -- Moore, D M -- Grubman, M J -- McKercher, P D -- Morgan, D O -- Robertson, B H -- Bachrach, H L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 4;214(4525):1125-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6272395" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antibody Formation ; Base Sequence ; Cattle ; Cattle Diseases/*prevention & control ; *Cloning, Molecular ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; DNA, Recombinant/metabolism ; Foot-and-Mouth Disease/*prevention & control ; Immunity, Cellular ; Protein Biosynthesis ; Swine ; Swine Diseases/*prevention & control ; Transcription, Genetic ; *Vaccines ; Viral Proteins/genetics/*therapeutic use
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  • 21
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    Rational approaches to chemotherapy: antisickling agents (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-08-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Klotz, I M -- Haney, D N -- King, L C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Aug 14;213(4509):724-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7256275" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anemia, Sickle Cell/*drug therapy ; Aspirin/analogs & derivatives/therapeutic use ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; *Hemoglobin, Sickle ; Humans ; Protein Binding/drug effects ; Protein Conformation ; Salicylates/*therapeutic use ; Solubility ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 22
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    Asbestos surface charge heterogeneity and biological effects (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-09-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Light, W G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Sep 25;213(4515):1534.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7280676" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Asbestos ; Humans ; Occupational Diseases/chemically induced ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 23
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    Range of radiochemical damage to DNA with decay of iodine-125 (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-08-21
    Description: Studies of the length of DNA fragments produced upon decay of iodine-125-labeled deoxycytidine that was located at a single position within a DNA fragment of defined sequence demonstrate that most radiochemical damage occurs within 15 to 20 angstroms of the site of iodine-125 decay. However, DNA strand breakage was detectable up to 70 angstroms from the site of iodine-125 decay.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Martin, R F -- Haseltine, W A -- CA 19589/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 25118/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Aug 21;213(4510):896-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7256283" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; DNA/*radiation effects ; Hydrolysis ; *Iodine Radioisotopes
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 24
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    Growth inhibition by adenosine 3',5-monophosphate derivatives does not require 3',5' phosphodiester linkage (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-09-04
    Description: Analogs of adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic AMP) inhibit the growth of cultured cell lines. The effects of 8-bromo- and N6-butyryl-substituted analogs of cyclic and noncyclic AMP on six cell lines were examined and were equally inhibitory. Variant cell lines with altered cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase were more resistant to both cyclic and noncyclic nucleotides. We conclude that growth inhibition by analogs of cyclic AMP (i) does not require a 3',5' phosphodiester bond and (ii) may be mediated by a pathway involving endogenous cyclic AMP.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Martin, T F -- Kowalchyk, J A -- AM 25861/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Sep 4;213(4512):1120-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6267695" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Division/*drug effects ; Cell Line ; Cricetinae ; Cyclic AMP/*pharmacology ; DNA/biosynthesis ; Growth Inhibitors/*pharmacology ; Mice ; Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 25
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    Calcitonin messenger RNA encodes multiple polypeptides in a single precursor (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-07-24
    Description: Recombinant DNA techniques were used to analyze the structure of the messenger RNA encoding a precursor of calcitonin, a small calcium-regulating hormone of 32 amino acids. Analyses of the nucleotide sequences of cloned complementary DNA's comprising the entire coding sequence of the messenger RNA revealed that calcitonin is flanked at both its amino and carboxyl termini by peptide extensions linked to the hormone by short sequences of basic amino acids. The location of glycine next to the carboxyl terminal prolinamide of calcitonin is consistent with indications that glycine is required for the enzymatic amidation of proline to the prolinamide. During cellular biosynthesis, calcitonin arises from a large precursor protein by cleavages at both amino and carboxyl terminal residues of the hormone. These findings raise questions concerning the regulation of these cleavages and the potential biological functions of the precursor extensions derived from these cleavages.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jacobs, J W -- Goodman, R H -- Chin, W W -- Dee, P C -- Habener, J F -- Bell, N H -- Potts, J T Jr -- AM 27781-01/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 24;213(4506):457-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6264603" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Calcitonin/*genetics ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; DNA, Recombinant/*metabolism ; Macromolecular Substances ; Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Peptide Biosynthesis ; Plants/metabolism ; Protein Biosynthesis ; RNA, Messenger/*genetics ; Rats ; Thyroid Neoplasms/metabolism ; Triticum/metabolism
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  • 26
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    Antibodies: getting their genes together (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-05-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 29;212(4498):1015-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6785883" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies/*genetics ; Base Sequence ; *Genes ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/genetics ; Immunoglobulin Light Chains/genetics ; Immunoglobulins/*genetics ; Transcription, Genetic
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  • 27
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    A new wave of antibiotics builds (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-12-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maugh, T H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 11;214(4526):1225-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7302591" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Cephalosporins/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Research ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; United States
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  • 28
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    Thymosin stimulates secretion of luteinizing hormone-releasing factor (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-11-06
    Description: Partially purified thymosin fraction 5 and one of its synthetic peptide components, thymosin beta 4, but not thymosin alpha 1, stimulated secretion of luteinizing hormone--releasing factor from superfused medial basal hypothalami from random cycling female rats. In addition, luteinizing hormone was released from pituitary glands superfused in sequence with hypothalami. No release of luteinizing hormone in response to thymosin was observed from pituitaries superfused alone. These data provide the first evidence of a direct effect of the endocrine thymus on the hypothalamus and suggest a potentially important role for thymic peptides in reproductive function.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rebar, R W -- Miyake, A -- Low, T L -- Goldstein, A L -- AG-01531/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- HD-12303/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HD-14362/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Nov 6;214(4521):669-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7027442" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/*secretion ; Hormones/pharmacology ; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/drug effects ; Hypothalamus/*drug effects ; Peptide Fragments/pharmacology ; Rats ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Thymosin/*pharmacology ; Thymus Hormones/*pharmacology
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  • 29
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    Complete nucleotide sequence and organization of the Moloney murine sarcoma virus genome (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-10-23
    Description: The complete nucleotide sequence of a mammalian transforming retrovirus. Moloney murine sarcoma virus, has been determined. MSV, recombinant virus derived of helper viral and cellular sequences, possesses termini resembling prokaryotic transposable elements. The viral genome has the coding capacity for the Moloney murine leukemia virus gag gene product and contains large deletions in pol and env genes. A large open reading frame encompassing its cell-derived sequences codes for its putative transforming protein. The nature of some of the important domains in the viral genome has been established, and their structure is discussed in relation to their function.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Reddy, E P -- Smith, M J -- Aaronson, S A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Oct 23;214(4519):445-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6170110" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antigens, Viral/genetics ; Base Sequence ; Binding Sites ; Cell Transformation, Viral ; DNA, Viral/*genetics ; Defective Viruses/genetics ; Gene Products, gag ; *Genes, Viral ; Moloney murine leukemia virus/*genetics ; RNA, Transfer/genetics ; RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/genetics ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Sarcoma Viruses, Murine/*genetics ; Transcription, Genetic ; Viral Proteins/genetics
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  • 30
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    Didemnins: antiviral and antitumor depsipeptides from a caribbean tunicate (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-05-22
    Description: Extracts of samples of a Caribbean tunicate (ascidian, sea squirt) of the family Didemnidae inhibit in vitro at low concentrations the growth of DNA and RNA viruses as well as L1210 leukemic cells. The active compounds isolated from the tunicate, didemnins A, B, and C, are depsipeptides, and didemnin B (a derivative of didemnin A) is the component active at the lowest concentration in inhibiting viral replication in vitro and P388 leukemia in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rinehart, K L Jr -- Gloer, J B -- Hughes, R G Jr -- Renis, H E -- McGovren, J P -- Swynenberg, E B -- Stringfellow, D A -- Kuentzel, S L -- Li, L H -- AI 04769/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- GM 27029/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 22;212(4497):933-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233187" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/*isolation & purification ; Antiviral Agents/*isolation & purification ; *Depsipeptides ; Leukemia, Experimental/*drug therapy ; Peptides, Cyclic/*isolation & purification/therapeutic use ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Urochordata/*analysis
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  • 31
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    Vitellogenesis and the vitellogenin gene family (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-04-17
    Description: Vitellogenin is synthesized under estrogen control in the liver, extensively modified, transported to the ovary, and there processed to the yolk proteins lipovitellin and phosvitin. In the frog Xenopus laevis there are at least four distinct but related vitellogenin genes. The two genes A1 and A2 have a 95 percent sequence homology in their messenger RNA coding regions, and contain 33 introns that interrupt the coding region (exons) at homologous positions. Sequences and lengths of analogous introns differ, and many introns contain repetitive DNA elements. The introns in these two genes that have apparently arisen by duplication have diverged extensively by events that include deletions, insertions, and probably duplications. Rapid evolutionary change involving rearrangements and the presence of repeated DNA suggests that the bulk of the sequences within introns may not have any specific function.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wahli, W -- Dawid, I B -- Ryffel, G U -- Weber, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Apr 17;212(4492):298-304.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7209528" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; Estrogens/physiology ; Female ; *Genes ; Lipoproteins/*genetics ; Liver/secretion ; Male ; Oocytes/metabolism ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Vitellogenins/biosynthesis/*genetics ; Xenopus laevis/*genetics/metabolism
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  • 32
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    The complete index to man (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-01-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wade, N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 2;211(4477):33-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7444446" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; DNA/*genetics ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Humans ; Isoelectric Point ; Molecular Weight ; Proteins/analysis/*genetics
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  • 33
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    Three distinct genes in human DNA related to the transforming genes of mammalian sarcoma retroviruses (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-07-10
    Description: Southern blot hybridization was used to identify human and other vertebrate DNA sequences that were homologous to cloned DNA fragments containing the oncogenic nucleic acid sequences of three different type C mammalian retroviruses (simian sarcoma virus, the Snyder-Theilen strain of feline sarcoma virus, and the Harvey strain of murine sarcoma virus). Each onc gene counterpart has a single genetic locus, which probably contains non-onc intervening sequences. The human DNA sequences may represent genes important to cell growth or cell differentiation, or both. Their identification and isolation may allow elucidation of their role in these processes and in neoplasias.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wong-Staal, F -- Dalla-Favera, R -- Franchini, G -- Gelmann, E P -- Gallo, R C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 10;213(4504):226-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6264598" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; *Cell Transformation, Viral ; *Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/*genetics ; DNA, Viral/*genetics ; *Genes ; Humans ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Retroviridae/*genetics ; Sarcoma Virus, Woolly Monkey/genetics ; Sarcoma Viruses, Murine/genetics ; Species Specificity
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  • 34
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    Micromolar affinity benzodiazepine receptors: identification and characterization in central nervous system (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-06-11
    Description: Receptors that selectively bind micromolar concentrations of benzodiazepines are present in rat brain membrane. These micromolar receptors exhibit saturable, stereospecific binding, and the potency of benzodiazepine binding to these receptors is correlated with the ability of the benzodiazepines to inhibit maximum electric shock-induced convulsions. Benzodiazepine receptors with nanomolar affinity differ from the micromolar receptors in their binding, kinetic, and pharmacologic characteristics. The micromolar receptors also bind phenytoin, a non-benzodiazepine anticonvulsant. These results provide evidence for a distinct class of clinically relevant benzodiazepine receptors that may regulate neuronal excitability and anticonvulsant activity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bowling, A C -- DeLorenzo, R J -- NS 1352/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 11;216(4551):1247-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6281893" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Benzodiazepines/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Benzodiazepinones/metabolism ; Brain/*metabolism ; Calmodulin/antagonists & inhibitors ; Diazepam/metabolism ; Kinetics ; Ligands ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; Rats ; Receptors, Drug/*metabolism ; Receptors, GABA-A ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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    Artificial enzymes (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-11-05
    Description: Simple chemical catalysts have been designed to achieve some desirable features of enzymes. These novel catalysts are not proteins, but they may incorporate the typical enzyme catalytic groups and they achieve selectivity in their reactions by use of geometric control, as do enzymes. Catalysts that carry out geometrically controlled chlorinations of aromatic rings and steroids have been constructed. Other catalysts achieve the selective synthesis of amino acids, and still others imitate ribonuclease in detailed mechanism and hydrolyze RNA. Optimization of geometries has led to a rate acceleration of over 10(8) in one instance.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Breslow, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 5;218(4572):532-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123255" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Catalysis ; Cyclodextrins ; *Enzymes ; Kinetics ; Models, Chemical ; Ribonucleases ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Substrate Specificity ; Transaminases
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    Stereoisomers of N-allylnormetazocine: phencyclidine-like behavioral effects in squirrel monkeys and rats (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-01-08
    Description: (+/-)-N-Allylnormetazocine is a benzomorphan opioid with psychotomimetic effects. The pure stereoisomers of this compound, as well as the racemic mixture, were compared to phencyclidine for their behavioral effects on squirrel monkeys and rats trained to discriminate phencyclidine from saline. Dose-response determinations were made for responses to phencyclidine, to a racemic mixture of N-allylnormetazocine, and to the pure levo and dextro isomers of N-allylnormetazocine. In both rats and monkeys, the dextro isomer and the racemic mixture produced dose-dependent responses appropriate for phencyclidine; the levo isomer did not produce the responses appropriate for phencyclidine at any of the doses tested. In both species, the levo isomer was more potent than the dextro isomer in decreasing the rate of responding. Thus racemic N-allylnormetazocine is a mixture of compounds that produce different behavioral effects.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brady, K T -- Balster, R L -- May, E L -- DA-00490/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- DA-01442/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 8;215(4529):178-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6274022" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*drug effects ; Male ; Naloxone/pharmacology ; Phenazocine/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Phencyclidine/pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Receptors, Opioid/drug effects ; Saimiri ; Stereoisomerism ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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    Alpha-substituted gamma-butyrolactones: new class of anticonvulsant drugs (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-09-10
    Description: Alkyl-Substituted gamma-butyrolactones were synthesized and tested for their convulsant and anticonvulsant actions in mice and guinea pigs. The alpha-substituted compounds, alpha, alpha-dimethyl-, and alpha-ethyl-alpha-methyl-gamma-butyrolactone were anticonvulsant compounds with a spectrum of activity similar to that of ethosuximide. In contrast, beta-substituted compounds were convulsant agents similar to picrotoxinin. The alpha-substituted-gama-butyrolactones represent a new class of anticonvulsant drug with experimental and clinical potential.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Klunk, W E -- McKeon, A -- Covey, D F -- Ferrendelli, J A -- GM-07200/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM-24483/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- NS-14834/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 10;217(4564):1040-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6810462" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *4-Butyrolactone/analogs & derivatives/*therapeutic use/toxicity ; Animals ; *Anticonvulsants ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; Convulsants ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; Electroencephalography ; Epilepsy, Absence/drug therapy ; Ethosuximide/pharmacology ; *Furans/*therapeutic use ; Guinea Pigs ; Mice ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Trimethadione/pharmacology
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    alpha A-crystallin messenger RNA of the mouse lens: more noncoding than coding sequences (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-02-19
    Description: The 14S messenger RNA (1300 to 1500 nucleotides) for the alpha A chain of alpha-crystallin of the mammalian lens is nearly three times larger than required to code for the polypeptide that contains 173 amino acids. As a means of accounting for this anomaly, a complementary DNA clone for the mouse alpha A-crystallin messenger RNA was constructed in pBR322 and sequenced. Derivation of the protein sequence from the nucleic acid sequence showed that mouse alpha A-crystallin is similar to that of other organisms. The messenger RNA contains 536 nucleotides located on the 3' side of the coding region, excluding the polyadenylate stretch. This 3' sequence does not encode any other crystallin and has multiple termination codons in the three possible reading frames.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉King, C R -- Shinohara, T -- Piatigorsky, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Feb 19;215(4535):985-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7156978" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Crystallins/*genetics ; Mice ; RNA, Messenger/*genetics
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Purinergic regulation of food intake (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-02
    Description: Inosine peripherally administered to rats markedly suppressed spontaneous food intake and food intake induced by diazepam, muscimol, insulin, and food deprivation. The purines 2-deoxyguanosine and 2-deoxyinosine also suppressed food deprivation-induced feeding, whereas 7-methylinosine, which does not bind to the benzodiazepine binding site in vitro, had no effect on food intake when compared with controls. These results suggest that purines may represent endogenous substances that regulate food intake through interactions with the benzodiazepine receptor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Levine, A S -- Morley, J E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 2;217(4554):77-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7046046" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Appetite/*drug effects ; Deoxyguanosine/pharmacology ; Diazepam/pharmacology ; Eating/*drug effects ; Food Deprivation ; Inosine/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Insulin/pharmacology ; Male ; Muscimol/pharmacology ; Purines/*pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Long-awaited decision on DNA database (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-08-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 27;217(4562):817-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7100925" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; *DNA/*analysis ; *Information Systems
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    Repeated DNA still in search of a function (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-08-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 13;217(4560):621-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6283639" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; DNA/*genetics ; DNA Transposable Elements ; DNA, Satellite/genetics ; *Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Species Specificity
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    Spectral character of sunlight modulates photosynthesis of previtamin D3 and its photoisomers in human skin (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-05-28
    Description: The photosynthesis of previtamin D3 from 7-dehydrocholesterol in human skin was determined after exposure to narrow-band radiation or simulated solar radiation. The optimum wavelengths for the production of previtamin D3 were determined to be between 295 and 300 nanometers. When human skin was exposed to 295-nanometer radiation, up to 65 percent of the original 7-dehydrocholesterol content was converted to previtamin D3. In comparison, when adjacent skin was exposed to simulated solar radiation, the maximum formation of previtamin D3 was about 20 percent. Major differences in the formation of lumisterol3, and tachysterol3 from previtamin D3 were also observed. It is concluded that the spectral character of natural sunlight has a profound effect on the photochemistry of 7-dehydrocholesterol in human skin.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉MacLaughlin, J A -- Anderson, R R -- Holick, M F -- AM 27334/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 May 28;216(4549):1001-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6281884" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cholecalciferol/*biosynthesis/metabolism ; Dehydrocholesterols/radiation effects ; Ergosterol/metabolism ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Isomerism ; Photochemistry ; Skin/*metabolism ; Spectrum Analysis ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Ultraviolet Rays
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    Nucleotide sequence of the transforming gene of avian myeloblastosis virus (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-06-25
    Description: Avian myeloblastosis virus is defective in reproductive capacity, requiring a helper virus to provide the viral proteins essential for synthesis of new infectious virus. This virus arose by recombination of the nondefective helper virus and host cellular sequences present within the normal avian genome. These latter sequences are essential for leukemogenic activity. The complete nucleotide sequence of this region is reported. Within the acquired cellular sequences there is an open reading frame of 795 nucleotides starting with the initiation codon ATG (adenine, thymine, guanine) and terminating with the triplet TAG. This open reading frame could code for the putative transforming protein of 265 amino acids with a molecular weight of approximately 30,000.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rushlow, K E -- Lautenberger, J A -- Papas, T S -- Baluda, M A -- Perbal, B -- Chirikjian, J G -- Reddy, E P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 25;216(4553):1421-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6283631" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Avian Leukosis Virus/*genetics ; Avian Myeloblastosis Virus/*genetics ; Avian Sarcoma Viruses/genetics ; Base Sequence ; Cell Transformation, Viral ; Chickens/genetics ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; Gene Expression Regulation ; *Genes, Viral ; RNA, Viral/analysis ; Viral Proteins/biosynthesis
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    Oxytocin induces maternal behavior in virgin female rats (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-05-07
    Description: Intracerebroventricular administration of oxytocin to virgin female rats that had been ovariectomized and primed with estrogen 48 hours previously induced a rapid onset of full maternal behavior. The maternal behavior persisted and its incidence was dose-related. Tocinoic acid, the ring structure of oxytocin, also rapidly induced the onset of persistent, full maternal behavior. Arginine vasopressin induced persistent maternal behavior, but this behavior had a later onset. Prostaglandin F2 alpha induced strong partial maternal behavior, which showed early onset but did not persist. Many other peptides, ovarian steroids, and prostaglandin E2 were no more effective than saline. These findings suggest that the release of oxytocin and prostaglandin F2 alpha during labor may promote maternal behavior in rats.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pedersen, C A -- Ascher, J A -- Monroe, Y L -- Prange, A J Jr -- MH-22536/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH-32316/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH-34933/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 May 7;216(4546):648-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7071605" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arginine Vasopressin/pharmacology ; Brain/physiology ; Female ; Injections, Intraventricular ; *Maternal Behavior ; Oxytocin/administration & dosage/*pharmacology ; Rats ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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    In vivo identification of the transforming gene product of simian sarcoma virus (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-12-10
    Description: Simian sarcoma virus (SSV) deletion mutants were constructed from a molecular clone containing the entire infectious provirus. Transfection analysis of these mutants localized the SSV transforming gene to a small region of the viral genome encompassing its cell-derived sequence (v-sis). Antiserum to a peptide synthesized on the basis of the predicted amino acid sequence of the SSV transforming gene detected a 28,000-dalton protein that was specifically expressed in SSV transformed cells and that corresponded in size to that predicted from the v-sis coding sequence. The v-sis gene product designated p28sis was not a phosphoprotein, nor did it possess detectable protein kinase activity. These findings distinguish p28sis from a number of other retroviral onc proteins.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Robbins, K C -- Devare, S G -- Reddy, E P -- Aaronson, S A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 10;218(4577):1131-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6293053" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Viral ; Base Sequence ; *Cell Transformation, Viral ; *Genes, Viral ; Mice ; Molecular Weight ; *Oncogenes ; Phosphoproteins/genetics ; Protein Kinases/genetics ; Retroviridae/*genetics ; Sarcoma Virus, Woolly Monkey/*genetics ; Viral Proteins/*genetics/immunology
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    The Alu family of dispersed repetitive sequences (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-06-04
    Description: A family of related sequences that includes approximately 500,000 members is the most prominent short dispersed repeat family in primate and rodent DNA's. The primate sequence is approximately 300 base pairs in length and is composed of two imperfectly repeated monomer units, whereas the rodent repeat consists of only a single monomer. Properties of this repeat sequence, its flanking sequences in chromosomal DNA, and RNA's transcribed from it suggest that it may be a mobile DNA element inserted at hundreds of thousands of different chromosomal locations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schmid, C W -- Jelinek, W R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 4;216(4550):1065-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6281889" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Biological Evolution ; DNA/*genetics ; *DNA Transposable Elements ; Genetic Linkage ; Muridae/genetics ; Primates/genetics ; RNA Polymerase III/metabolism ; RNA, Heterogeneous Nuclear/genetics ; *Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Transcription, Genetic
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    Translational efficiency of transfer RNA's: uses of an extended anticodon (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-11-12
    Description: Transfer RNA's are probably very strongly selected for translational efficiency. In this article, the argument is presented that the coding performance of the triplet anticodon is enhanced by selection of a matching anticodon loop and stem sequence. the anticodon plus these nearby sequence features (the extended anticodon) therefore contains more coding information than the anticodon alone and can perform more efficiently and accurately at the ribosome. This idea successfully accounts for the relative efficiencies of many transfer RNA's.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yarus, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 12;218(4573):646-52.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6753149" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; Kinetics ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; *Protein Biosynthesis ; RNA, Transfer/*genetics ; Ribosomes/metabolism ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Suppression, Genetic
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    Splice junctions: association with variation in protein structure (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-06-10
    Description: A comparison between eukaryotic gene sequences and protein sequences of homologous enzymes from bacterial and mammalian organisms shows that intron-exon junctions frequently coincide with variable surface loops of the protein structures. The altered surface structures can account for functional differences among the members of a family. Sliding of the intron-exon junctions may constitute one mechanism for generating length polymorphisms and divergent sequences found in protein families. Since intron-exon junctions map to protein surfaces, the alterations mediated by sliding of these junctions can be effected without disrupting the stability of the protein core.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Craik, C S -- Rutter, W J -- Fletterick, R -- AM21344/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM26081/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- GM28520/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jun 10;220(4602):1125-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6344214" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Bacterial Proteins ; Base Sequence ; Biological Evolution ; DNA/genetics ; Endopeptidases/genetics ; Eukaryotic Cells/metabolism ; Genes ; Genes, Bacterial ; Protein Conformation ; Proteins/*genetics ; *Serine Endopeptidases ; Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase/genetics
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    Somatic mutations of immunoglobulin variable genes are restricted to the rearranged V gene (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-06-10
    Description: An important question concerning the mechanism of somatic mutation of immunoglobulin variable (V) genes is whether it involves all of the numerous V genes in a differentiated B cell, independent of location, or if it is restricted to a particular chromosomal site. Comparison of the sequence of two alleles of a given V gene shows that the mutations are limited to the rearranged V gene, while the same V gene on the other chromosome has not undergone mutation. This indicates that a V gene sequence alone is not sufficient for somatic mutation to take place. The mutation is therefore restricted to the rearranged V gene and consequently does not occur before rearrangement.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gorski, J -- Rollini, P -- Mach, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jun 10;220(4602):1179-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6857243" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Binding Sites, Antibody/*genetics ; Chromosomes/physiology ; DNA/genetics ; *Genes ; Immunoglobulin Constant Regions/genetics ; Immunoglobulin Variable Region/*genetics ; Immunoglobulins/genetics ; Lymphocytes/metabolism ; Mice ; *Mutation
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    Simple repeat array in Epstein-Barr virus DNA encodes part of the Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-06-24
    Description: The size of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) nuclear antigen (EBNA) in cells infected with different EBV isolates varies directly with the size of the EBV triplet repeat array, IR3. The isolate with the largest IR3 fragment has approximately 170 more codons than the isolates with the smallest IR3 fragment; it encodes an EBNA which is approximately 17,000 daltons larger than the smallest EBNA. The EBV IR3 encodes part of a 2-kilobase exon of a latently infected cell messenger RNA which must be translated into a repetitive amino acid domain of EBNA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hennessy, K -- Heller, M -- van Santen, V -- Kieff, E -- CA 17281/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 19264/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- GM 07183/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jun 24;220(4604):1396-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6304878" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens, Viral/*genetics ; Base Sequence ; Cell Nucleus/immunology ; DNA, Viral/*genetics ; Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigens ; Herpesvirus 4, Human/*genetics/immunology ; Humans ; Mice ; RNA, Viral/genetics
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    A nonenzymatic RNA polymerase model (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-02-18
    Description: Polynucleotide templates containing C (cytidine) as the major component facilitate the synthesis of oligonucleotides from mixtures of the activated mononucleotide derivatives (as indicated by structure 1 in the text). A nucleotide is incorporated into oligomeric products if and only if its complement is present in the template. The reaction has a high fidelity and produces products with mean chain lengths of six to ten nucleotides. Bases other than guanosine are incorporated within oligomers or at their 3' termini, but rarely at their 5' termini.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Inoue, T -- Orgel, L E -- GM-13435/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Feb 18;219(4586):859-62.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6186026" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases/*metabolism ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Models, Chemical ; RNA/*chemical synthesis ; Templates, Genetic
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    Requirement for signal peptide cleavage of Escherichia coli prolipoprotein (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-07-01
    Description: Oligonucleotide-directed site-specific mutagenesis was applied to alter the cleavage site in the signal peptide of the major outer membrane lipoprotein of Escherichia coli. Replacing the glycine residue at the cleavage site with an alanine residue did not affect the processing of the signal peptide. However, when the same cleavage site was constructed by the deletion of the glycine residue, the signal peptide was no longer cleaved. These results indicate that stringent structural integrity at the cleavage site in the lipoprotein signal sequence is required for correct processing of prolipoprotein.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Inouye, S -- Hsu, C P -- Itakura, K -- Inouye, M -- GM19043/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM30395/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 1;221(4605):59-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6344218" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; *Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins ; Base Sequence ; DNA, Bacterial/metabolism ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Escherichia coli/*metabolism ; *Escherichia coli Proteins ; Lipoproteins/*biosynthesis ; Membrane Proteins/biosynthesis ; Mutation ; Protein Precursors/*biosynthesis
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    Small RNA (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-01-07
    Description: The illustration that accompanied the review by C. C. Albritton, Jr., of W. H. Goetzmann and K. Sloan's Looking Far North (Viking, New York, 1982) in the issue of 10 December, page 1109, should have been credited to the Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley, as well as to the book under review.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lerman, L S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jan 7;219(4580):10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6184778" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; RNA/*physiology ; RNA, Small Nuclear
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    How mammalian RNA returns to its genome (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-03-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Mar 4;219(4588):1052-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6186029" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Nucleus/physiology ; DNA/*genetics ; Humans ; Poly A/genetics ; RNA/*genetics ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Transcription, Genetic
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    Z-DNA moves toward "real biology" (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-11-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Nov 4;222(4623):495-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6623088" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Dna ; Eukaryota/genetics ; Humans ; *Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Species Specificity ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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    Antibodies that react with predetermined sites on proteins (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-02-11
    Description: Contrary to previous predictions, relatively short synthetic peptides that mimic part of a protein sequence are routinely capable of eliciting an antiserum that reacts with the partially mimicked protein. Peptides capable of eliciting protein-reactive serums are frequently represented in the primary sequence of a protein, can be characterized by a set of simple chemical rules, and are confined neither to immunodominant regions of intact proteins nor to the amino or carboxyl terminals. As such, synthetic peptide immunogens are valuable for eliciting reagents with predetermined specificity that can be used for basic research. In addition, some synthetic peptides are capable of mimicking regions of virus proteins and eliciting immune responses in animals that are protective against the viral agents. Such peptides may thus serve as the basis for safe, chemically defined synthetic vaccines.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sutcliffe, J G -- Shinnick, T M -- Green, N -- Lerner, R A -- R01 AI 18509/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Feb 11;219(4585):660-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6186024" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Antibody Specificity ; Cross Reactions ; *Epitopes ; Peptides/immunology ; Proteins/*immunology ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Vaccines/immunology
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    Monoclonal antibodies reveal the structural basis of antibody diversity (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-11-18
    Description: Hybridoma technology has made it possible to introduce into continuous culture normal antibody-forming cells and to obtain large amounts of the immunoglobulin produced by each of these cells. Examination of the structure of a number of monoclonal antibodies that react with a single antigen has provided new information on the structural basis of the specificity and affinity of antibodies. Comparisons of families of monoclonal antibodies derived from a single germ line gene revealed the importance of somatic mutation in generating antibody diversity. Monoclonal antibodies that react with variable regions of other monoclonals allow the further dissection and modulation of the immune response. Finally, the continued somatic instability of immunoglobulin genes in cultured antibody-forming cells makes it possible to determine the rate of somatic mutation and to generate mutant monoclonal antibodies that may be more effective serological reagents.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Teillaud, J L -- Desaymard, C -- Giusti, A M -- Haseltine, B -- Pollock, R R -- Yelton, D E -- Zack, D J -- Scharff, M D -- 5T32GM7288/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- AI05231/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI10702/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Nov 18;222(4625):721-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6356353" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/genetics/*immunology ; *Antibody Diversity ; Antibody Specificity ; Genes ; Hybridomas/immunology ; Immunoglobulin Idiotypes/immunology ; Immunoglobulin Variable Region/genetics ; Mice ; Mutation ; Protein Conformation ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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    Protein engineering (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-02-11
    Description: The prospects for protein engineering, including the roles of x-ray crystallography, chemical synthesis of DNA, and computer modelling of protein structure and folding, are discussed. It is now possible to attempt to modify many different properties of proteins by combining information on crystal structure and protein chemistry with artificial gene synthesis. Such techniques offer the potential for altering protein structure and function in ways not possible by any other method.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ulmer, K M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Feb 11;219(4585):666-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6572017" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Crystallography ; Genes ; *Genetic Engineering ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Biology/trends ; Protein Conformation ; Proteins/*genetics ; X-Ray Diffraction
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    Benzoquinolinediones: activity as insect teratogens (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-10-28
    Description: Morphological abnormalities including extra compound eyes, extra heads, and distally duplicated legs were generated in cricket embryos by treating eggs with single doses of either benz[g]isoquinoline-5,10-dione or benzo[h]quinoline-5,6-dione. Slight structural modifications of the molecules resulted in a loss of teratogenic activity, although embryotoxicity occurred. These potent insect teratogens can be used for analysis of developmental events during embryogenesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Walton, B T -- Ho, C -- Ma, C Y -- O'Neill, E G -- Kao, G L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Oct 28;222(4622):422-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6623081" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Isoquinolines/*toxicity ; Orthoptera/*embryology ; Quinolines/*toxicity ; *Quinolones ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; *Teratogens
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    Multiple point mutations affecting the simian virus 40 enhancer (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-02-11
    Description: Enhancers, or activators, dramatically increase the transcriptional activity of certain eukaryotic genes. A series of multiple point mutations affecting the simian virus 40 (SV40) enhancer-activator region were generated in order to define the nucleotide sequence required for this function. Three independent assays provided information leading to the identification of nucleotides essential for enhancer function. One class leads to a decrease in gene expression, while the second completely abolishes functional activity. One critical replacement appears to be the first G (guanine) in a sequence TGGAAAG (T, thymine, A, adenine) located in the 5' region of the 72 base-pair repeat of SV40. Comparison of this sequence with nucleotide sequences in other known enhancers leads to the identification of potential related core elements.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weiher, H -- Konig, M -- Gruss, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Feb 11;219(4585):626-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6297005" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; DNA Replication ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Mutation ; *Operon ; Plasmids ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Simian virus 40/*genetics ; Virus Replication
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    Inhibition of dihydropteridine reductase by novel 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine analogs (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1984-04-27
    Description: Hydroxylated derivatives of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), a nigrostriatal neurotoxin in humans and primates, noncompetitively inhibited dihydropteridine reductase from human liver and rat striatal synaptosomes in vitro at micromolar concentrations. In contrast, MPTP and its chloro- and norderivatives did not inhibit this enzyme at lower than millimolar concentrations. Dihydropteridine reductase converts dihydrobiopterin to tetrahydrobiopterin, the required cofactor for the hydroxylation of aromatic amino acids during the synthesis of dopamine and serotonin.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abell, C W -- Shen, R S -- Gessner, W -- Brossi, A -- HD 14635/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Apr 27;224(4647):405-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6608790" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine ; Animals ; Corpus Striatum/enzymology ; Dihydropteridine Reductase/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Humans ; Hydroxylation ; Liver/enzymology ; NAD/metabolism ; NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Pyridines/*pharmacology ; Rats ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Synaptosomes/enzymology
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    Homology of genome of AIDS-associated virus with genomes of human T-cell leukemia viruses (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-08-31
    Description: A T lymphotropic virus found in patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) or lymphadenopathy syndrome has been postulated to be the cause of AIDS. Immunological analysis of this retrovirus and its biological properties suggest that it is a member of the family of human T-lymphotropic retroviruses known as HTLV. Accordingly, it has been named HTLV-III. In the present report it is shown by nucleic acid hybridization that sequences of the genome of HTLV-III are homologous to the structural genes (gag, pol, and env) of both HTLV-I and HTLV-II and to a potential coding region called pX located between the env gene and the long terminal repeating sequence that is unique to the HTLV family of retroviruses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Arya, S K -- Gallo, R C -- Hahn, B H -- Shaw, G M -- Popovic, M -- Salahuddin, S Z -- Wong-Staal, F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Aug 31;225(4665):927-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6089333" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*microbiology ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Dna ; DNA, Viral ; Deltaretrovirus/classification/*genetics ; Genes ; *Genes, Viral ; Humans ; *Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; RNA, Viral ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid
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    Studying promoters and terminators by gene fusion (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-11-18
    Description: Prokaryotic gene control signals can be isolated, compared, and characterized by precise fusion in vitro to the Escherichia coli galactokinase gene (galK), which provides both a simple assay and genetic selection. This recombinant galK fusion vector system was applied to the study of promoters and terminators recognized by the Escherichia coli RNA polymerase. Three promoters created by mutation from DNA sequences having no promoter function were characterized. Mutations that inactivate promoter function were selected, structurally defined, and functionally analyzed. Similarly, transcription termination was examined, and mutations affecting terminator function were isolated and characterized.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rosenberg, M -- Chepelinsky, A B -- McKenney, K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Nov 18;222(4625):734-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6356355" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; DNA, Bacterial/*genetics ; DNA, Recombinant ; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases/genetics ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; Galactokinase/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Mutation ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; *Operon ; *Transcription, Genetic
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    Identification of DNA sequence responsible for 5-bromodeoxyuridine-induced gene amplification (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-08-31
    Description: Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd) treatment of the prolactin nonproducing subclone of GH cells (rat pituitary tumor cells) induces amplification of a 20-kilobase DNA fragment including all of the prolactin gene coding sequences. This amplified DNA segment, which is flanked by two unamplified regions, thus designates a unit of BrdUrd-induced amplified sequence. Cloned DNA segments, 10.3 kilobases long, from the 5' end of the rat prolactin gene of BrdUrd-responsive and -nonresponsive cells, were ligated to the thymidine kinase gene of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1TK), and the hybrid DNA was transferred to thymidine kinase-deficient mouse fibroblast cells by transfection. The HSV1TK gene and the rat prolactin gene were amplified together in drug-treated transfectants carrying the hybrid DNA HSV1TK gene and rat prolactin gene of BrdUrd-responsive GH cells. These results suggest that the 10.3-kilobase DNA segment at the 5' end of the rat prolactin gene of BrdUrd-responsive GH cells carries the information for drug-induced gene amplification (amplicon) and that another gene, such as the HSV1TK gene, is also amplified when the latter is placed adjacent to this segment.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Biswas, D K -- Hartigan, J A -- Pichler, M H -- CA28218/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Aug 31;225(4665):941-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6089335" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Bromodeoxyuridine/*pharmacology ; Cell Line ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/*genetics ; DNA, Recombinant ; *Gene Amplification ; Genes, Viral ; Mice ; Prolactin/genetics ; Rats ; Simplexvirus/genetics ; Thymidine Kinase/genetics ; Transfection
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    Structure of a mouse submaxillary messenger RNA encoding epidermal growth factor and seven related proteins (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-07-15
    Description: The structure of the messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding the precursor to mouse submaxillary epidermal growth factor (EGF) was determined from the sequence of a set of overlapping complementary DNA's (cDNA). The mRNA is unexpectedly large, about 4750 nucleotide bases, and predicts the sequence of preproEGF, a protein of 1217 amino acids (133,000 molecular weight). The EGF moiety (53 amino acids) is flanked by polypeptide segments of 976 and 188 amino acids at its amino and carboyxl termini, respectively. The amino terminal segment of the precursor contains seven peptides with sequences that are similar but not identical to EGF.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Scott, J -- Urdea, M -- Quiroga, M -- Sanchez-Pescador, R -- Fong, N -- Selby, M -- Rutter, W J -- Bell, G I -- 21344/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 15;221(4607):236-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6602382" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Epidermal Growth Factor/biosynthesis/*genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; RNA, Messenger/*genetics ; Submandibular Gland/metabolism
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    Recombination during gene transfer into mouse cells can restore the function of deleted genes (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-01-14
    Description: Two plasmids containing nonoverlapping deletions of the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene were introduced into thymidine kinase-deficient mouse L cells by DNA-mediated gene transfer. Thymidine kinase-producing transformants were generated by a mixture of the two plasmids at a frequency significantly greater than that generated by either plasmid alone. Southern blot analyses demonstrated that functional thymidine kinase genes were generated by homologous recombination between the two deletion mutants.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Small, J -- Scangos, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jan 14;219(4581):174-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6294829" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cells, Cultured ; Chromosome Deletion ; *Genetic Engineering ; Mice ; Mutation ; *Plasmids ; *Recombination, Genetic ; Simplexvirus ; Thymidine Kinase/*genetics
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Characterization and molecular cloning of a human parvovirus genome (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-12-07
    Description: The genome of the small human virus serologically associated with erythrocyte aplasia and erythema infectiosum (fifth disease) is shown to be a linear, nonpermuted, single-stranded DNA molecule with self-priming hairpin termini, properties which are characteristic of the genomes of the family Parvoviridae. This human parvovirus chromosome was molecularly cloned into bacterial plasmid vectors and the cloned DNA was used to explore its relatedness to other mammalian parvovirus serotypes by DNA:DNA hybridization. It is not related to the human adeno-associated viruses but does show a distant evolutionary relationship to genomes of the helper-independent parvoviruses of rodents. This strongly suggests that it is an autonomous parvovirus, and as such is the first example of a member of this group of common animal pathogens to cause disease in man.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cotmore, S F -- Tattersall, P -- CA29303/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Dec 7;226(4679):1161-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6095448" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Single-Stranded/analysis ; DNA, Viral/*analysis ; DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase ; Dependovirus/genetics ; Escherichia coli/enzymology ; Nucleic Acid Denaturation ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Parvoviridae/*genetics ; Plasmids ; Templates, Genetic
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    A single troponin T gene regulated by different programs in cardiac and skeletal muscle development (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-11-23
    Description: A cloned complementary DNA derived from a messenger RNA transiently present at low abundance levels in early chick embryonic skeletal muscle hybridizes to a messenger RNA present at high abundance levels in cardiac muscle. Genomic DNA hybridization and nucleotide sequence identity of complementary DNA's from both heart and skeletal muscle demonstrate that the messenger RNA's from both sources are encoded by the same gene. The encoded polypeptide is a troponin T sequence which is probably a cardiac isoform. This single copy troponin T isogene is governed by different regulatory programs in heart and skeletal muscle differentiation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cooper, T A -- Ordahl, C P -- R01-GM32018/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Nov 23;226(4677):979-82.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6095446" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Chick Embryo ; Chickens ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; *Genes ; Heart/*embryology ; Muscles/*embryology/metabolism ; Myocardium/metabolism ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Troponin/*genetics ; Troponin T
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    Structure of the gene encoding the immunodominant surface antigen on the sporozoite of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-08-10
    Description: The gene for the circumsporozoite (CS) protein of Plasmodium falciparum has been cloned and its nucleotide sequence determined. The gene encodes a protein of 412 amino acids as deduced from the nucleotide sequence. The protein contains 41 tandem repeats of a tetrapeptide, 37 of which are Asn-Ala-Asn-Pro and four of which are Asn-Val-Asp-Pro. Monoclonal antibodies against the CS protein of Plasmodium falciparum were inhibited from binding to the protein by synthetic peptides of the repeat sequence. The CS protein of Plasmodium falciparum and the CS protein of a simian malaria parasite, Plasmodium knowlesi, have two regions of homology, one of which is present on either side of the repeat. One region contains 12 of 13 identical amino acids. Within the nucleotide sequence of this region, 25 of 27 nucleotides are conserved. The conservation of these regions in parasites widely separated in evolution suggests that they may have a function such as binding to liver cells and may represent an invariant target for immunity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dame, J B -- Williams, J L -- McCutchan, T F -- Weber, J L -- Wirtz, R A -- Hockmeyer, W T -- Maloy, W L -- Haynes, J D -- Schneider, I -- Roberts, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Aug 10;225(4662):593-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6204383" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology ; Antigens, Surface/*genetics/immunology ; Base Sequence ; Epitopes/genetics ; *Genes ; Humans ; Liver/parasitology ; Malaria/*immunology ; Plasmodium/genetics ; Plasmodium falciparum/*genetics/immunology ; *Protozoan Proteins
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    Cyclic AMP receptor protein: role in transcription activation (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-05-25
    Description: The structure of this pleiotropic activator of gene transcription in bacteria and its interaction sites at promoter DNA's as well as the role of this protein in the RNA polymerase-promoter interactions are reviewed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉de Crombrugghe, B -- Busby, S -- Buc, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 May 25;224(4651):831-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6372090" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Binding Sites ; Crystallography ; DNA, Bacterial/metabolism ; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases/metabolism ; Galactose/genetics ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Lac Operon ; Operon ; Protein Conformation ; Receptors, Cyclic AMP/*physiology ; *Transcription, Genetic
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    Nucleotide sequence of a human Blym transforming gene activated in a Burkitt's lymphoma (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-08-03
    Description: The nucleotide sequence of a human Blym-1 transforming gene activated in a Burkitt's lymphoma cell line was determined. This sequence predicts a small protein of 58 amino acids that is 33 percent identical to the predicted product of chicken Blym-1, the activated transforming gene of chicken B cell lymphomas. Both the human and chicken Blym-1 genes exhibit significant identity to an amino-terminal region of transferrins.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Diamond, A -- Devine, J M -- Cooper, G M -- CA 07250/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 28946/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Aug 3;225(4661):516-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6330897" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Burkitt Lymphoma/*genetics ; Cell Line ; *Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; Humans ; *Oncogenes ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Transcription, Genetic ; Transferrin/genetics
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    Activation of antitumor agent gilvocarcins by visible light (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-01-06
    Description: Gilvocarcins that are antitumor agents are activated by low doses of visible light to induce bacteriophage lambda in Escherichia coli. This result is dependent on interaction with DNA. Gilvocarcin M, an analog without antitumor activity, failed to induce the prophage after light exposure, thus demonstrating a correlation between photosensitizing and antitumor activities. These results raise several possibilities regarding the mode of action of gilvocarcins as antitumor agents in vivo, involving light or enzymatic activating systems, which could be exploited in human cancer therapy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Elespuru, R K -- Gonda, S K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jan 6;223(4631):69-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6229029" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aminoglycosides ; *Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/*pharmacology/radiation effects ; Bacteriophage lambda/growth & development ; Benzopyrans ; Coumarins ; Glycosides/pharmacology/radiation effects ; *Light ; Methoxsalen/pharmacology ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Trioxsalen/pharmacology ; Ultraviolet Rays ; Virus Activation/*drug effects
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    Human-proto-oncogene nucleotide sequences corresponding to the transforming region of simian sarcoma virus (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-02-03
    Description: The nucleotide sequences of the six regions within the normal human cellular locus (c-sis) that correspond to the entire transforming region of the simian sarcoma virus (SSV) genome (v-sis) were determined. The regions are bounded by acceptor and donor splice sites and, except for region 6, resemble exons. Region 6 lacks a 3' donor splice site and terminates -5 base pairs from the 3' v-sis-helper-viral junction. This is consistent with a model proposing that SSV was generated by recombination between proviral DNA of a simian sarcoma associated virus and proto-sis and that introns were spliced out subsequently from a fused viral-sis messenger RNA. This also suggests that the 3' recombination occurred within an exon of the woolly monkey (Lagothrix) genome. The open reading frames predicting the v-sis and c-sis gene products coincide with the stop codon of c-sis located 123 nucleotides into the fifth region of homology. The overall nucleotide homology was 91 percent with substitutions mainly in the third codon positions within the open reading frame and with greatest divergence within the untranslated 3' portion of the sequences. The predicted protein products for v-sis and c-sis are 93 percent homologous. The predicted c-sis gene product is identical in 31 of 31 amino acids to one of the published sequences of platelet-derived growth factor. Thus, c-sis encodes one chain of human platelet-derived growth factor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Josephs, S F -- Guo, C -- Ratner, L -- Wong-Staal, F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Feb 3;223(4635):487-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6318322" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Cell Transformation, Viral ; Codon ; *Genes, Viral ; Humans ; *Oncogenes ; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/*genetics ; RNA Splicing ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Recombination, Genetic ; Retroviridae/*genetics ; Sarcoma Virus, Woolly Monkey/*genetics ; Viral Proteins/genetics
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    Amphiphilic secondary structure: design of peptide hormones (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-01-20
    Description: Peptide synthesis can be used for elucidating the roles of secondary structures in the specificity of hormones, antigens, and toxins. Intermediate sized peptides with these activities assume amphiphilic secondary structures in the presence of membranes. When models are designed to optimize the amphiphilicity of the secondary structure, stronger interactions can be observed with the synthetic peptides than with the naturally occurring analogs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, E T -- Kezdy, F J -- HL-18577/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jan 20;223(4633):249-55.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6322295" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Apolipoprotein A-I ; Apolipoproteins ; Binding Sites ; Calcitonin ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone ; Endorphins ; Glucagon ; Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone ; *Hormones/pharmacology ; Lipoproteins, HDL ; Melitten ; Models, Structural ; *Peptides/chemical synthesis/metabolism/pharmacology ; Protein Conformation ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; beta-Endorphin
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    JC virus enhancer-promoter active in human brain cells (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-12-14
    Description: A human papovavirus, JCV, is the etiologic agent of the fatal demyelinating disease, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. The JCV 98-base-pair tandem repeats, located to the late side of the viral replication origin, were shown to be a transcriptional regulatory element with enhancer-like activity in human fetal glial cells. These tandem repeats share significant homology with the 82-nucleotide rat brain-specific identifier RNA sequence.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kenney, S -- Natarajan, V -- Strike, D -- Khoury, G -- Salzman, N P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Dec 14;226(4680):1337-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6095453" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Brain/*microbiology ; Fetus ; Gene Amplification ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes, Viral ; Humans ; JC Virus/*genetics ; Neuroglia/microbiology ; *Operon ; Polyomavirus/*genetics
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    A model study of fecapentaenes: mutagens of bacterial origin with alkylating properties (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1984-08-03
    Description: Fecapentaene-14 and -12 are directly acting mutagens that do not require metabolic activation. Their unusual structure suggests a possible mechanism of action. A carbocation that is formed by the addition of an electrophilic species (such as a proton) to the enol ether is most probably the reactive species. A series of model enol ethers with conjugated systems of various lengths was prepared, and a correlation between mutagenicity and increasing reactivity of derived carbocations was found. The glycerol moiety does not play a crucial role in the overall reactivity of the fecapentaenes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gupta, I -- Suzuki, K -- Bruce, R W -- Krepinsky, J J -- Yates, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Aug 3;225(4661):521-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6377497" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Alkylating Agents ; Mutagenicity Tests ; Mutagens/*toxicity ; *Mutation ; Polyenes/toxicity ; Salmonella typhimurium/drug effects ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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    New clues to gene regulation (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1984-05-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 May 11;224(4649):588-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6369540" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Chickens ; DNA, Neoplasm/genetics ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Globins/genetics ; Insulin/genetics
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    Antigens encoded by the 3'-terminal region of human T-cell leukemia virus: evidence for a functional gene (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1984-10-05
    Description: Antibodies in sera from patients with adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma or from healthy carriers of type I human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV) recognize an antigen of approximately 42 kilodaltons (p42) in cell lines infected with HTLV-I. Radiolabel sequence analysis of cyanogen bromide fragments of p42 led to the conclusion that this antigen is encoded in part by LOR, a conserved portion of the "X" region that is flanked by the envelope gene and the 3' long terminal repeat of HTLV-I. It is possible that this novel product mediates the unique transformation properties of the HTLV family.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lee, T H -- Coligan, J E -- Sodroski, J G -- Haseltine, W A -- Salahuddin, S Z -- Wong-Staal, F -- Gallo, R C -- Essex, M -- 2-T32-CA0903/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA07094/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA13885/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Oct 5;226(4670):57-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6089350" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Antigens, Viral/*genetics ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Cyanogen Bromide ; Deltaretrovirus/*genetics/immunology ; *Genes, Viral ; Humans ; Peptide Fragments ; Trans-Activators ; Viral Proteins/*genetics
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    National networks for molecular biologists (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-03-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Mar 30;223(4643):1379-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6701527" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Computers ; DNA/genetics ; *Molecular Biology ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; United States
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    First true RNA catalyst found (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-01-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jan 20;223(4633):266-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6199840" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bacillus subtilis/*enzymology ; Bacterial Proteins/metabolism ; Base Sequence ; Catalysis ; Endoribonucleases/analysis/*metabolism ; Escherichia coli/*enzymology ; *Escherichia coli Proteins ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Nucleic Acid Precursors/metabolism ; RNA/metabolism ; RNA Precursors ; RNA, Bacterial/*metabolism ; RNA, Transfer/metabolism ; Ribonuclease P
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    First mRNA splicing intermediate (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-07-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jul 20;225(4659):301.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6740311" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; *RNA Splicing ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; RNA, Transfer/metabolism
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    Expression cloning of human EGF receptor complementary DNA: gene amplification and three related messenger RNA products in A431 cells (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-05-25
    Description: In order to further define the mechanisms by which polypeptide growth factors regulate gene transcription and cellular growth, expression cloning techniques were used to select human epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor complementary DNA clones. The EGF 3' coding domain shows striking homology to the transforming gene product of avian erythroblastosis virus (v-erbB). Over-expression of EGF receptors in A431 cell lines correlates with increased EGF receptor mRNA levels and amplification (up to 110 times) of the apparently singular EGF receptor gene. There appear to be three cytoplasmic polyadenylated RNA products of EGF receptor gene expression in A431 cells, one of which contains only 5' (EGF binding domain) sequences and is postulated to encode the secreted EGF receptor-related protein.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lin, C R -- Chen, W S -- Kruiger, W -- Stolarsky, L S -- Weber, W -- Evans, R M -- Verma, I M -- Gill, G N -- Rosenfeld, M G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 May 25;224(4651):843-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6326261" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/*genetics ; Gene Amplification ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*genetics
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  • 83
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    Molecular model for messenger RNA splicing (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-04-27
    Description: A molecular model is presented for a messenger RNA (mRNA) "splice region." The model requires cation coordination to reduce backbone-backbone electrostatic repulsion and it allows for every base residue on the pre-mRNA to be stacked in A-form helical geometry with a recognition element on the intron or exon (or both) sides of the splice junction. The two nucleotides involved in the initial steps of the cleavage-ligation mechanism must adopt a non-A-form geometry, which ideally positions reactive groups on the pre-mRNA for the necessary catalytic chemistry. The model is also consistent with available biochemical data on splicing reactions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉MacCumber, M -- Ornstein, R L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Apr 27;224(4647):402-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6200933" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Base Sequence ; Chemistry, Physical ; Hydrogen Bonding ; *Models, Molecular ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Nucleic Acid Precursors/metabolism ; Phosphates/metabolism ; Physicochemical Phenomena ; RNA/metabolism ; *RNA Splicing ; RNA, Messenger/*metabolism ; RNA, Ribosomal/metabolism ; RNA, Small Nuclear ; RNA, Transfer/metabolism
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 84
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    Influence of clonal selection on the expression of immunoglobulin variable region genes (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-12-14
    Description: The humoral immune response of the mouse to certain antigens is characterized by the dominant expression of a single or limited number of related, immunoglobulin variable region (V) structures by antibody-secreting lymphocytes. Such dominance could be due to preferred expression of these V regions in the B cell population prior to the immune response or could result from the action of selective or regulatory mechanisms during the immune response. Expression of a heavy chain variable region (VH) gene segment that partially encodes a V region structure that dominates the immune response to para-azophenylarsonate (Ars) in strain A mice was examined in the B cell population of Ars nonimmune mice. This VH gene segment participates in encoding several hundred thousand different V region structures expressed in this B cell population. The immune system is therefore capable of recurrently selecting a single V region structure from such a repertoire for dominant expression by antibody-secreting lymphocytes during an immune response.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Manser, T -- Huang, S Y -- Gefter, M L -- AI13357/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- CA28900/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Dec 14;226(4680):1283-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6334361" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibody Diversity ; *Antibody Formation ; Azo Compounds/immunology ; B-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Base Sequence ; *Genes ; Hybridomas ; Immunoglobulin Variable Region/*genetics ; Mice ; Radioimmunoassay
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  • 85
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    Evolutionary relatedness of Plasmodium species as determined by the structure of DNA (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-08-24
    Description: Malaria parasites can be grouped evolutionarily by analysis of DNA composition and genome arrangement. Those that vary widely with regard to host range, morphology, and biological characteristics fit into only a small number of distinctive groups. The DNA of the human parasite Plasmodium falciparum fits into a group that includes rodent and avian malarias and is unlike the DNA of other primate malaria parasites. The DNA of Plasmodium vivax, which is also a human parasite, fits into a distinctly different group that includes Plasmodium cynomolgi, a parasite of monkeys. The evolutionary lines suggested here appear to be consistent with similarities seen among malaria parasites with regard to gene sequence.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McCutchan, T F -- Dame, J B -- Miller, L H -- Barnwell, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Aug 24;225(4664):808-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6382604" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Composition ; Base Sequence ; *Biological Evolution ; DNA/*analysis ; Deoxycytidine/analysis ; Deoxyguanosine/analysis ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Plasmodium/*classification/genetics ; Plasmodium berghei/classification/genetics ; Plasmodium falciparum/classification/genetics ; Plasmodium vivax/classification/genetics ; Species Specificity
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  • 86
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    Amplification and enhanced expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor gene in A431 human carcinoma cells (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-04-27
    Description: The sequence of the human epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor shows great homology with the avian erythroblastosis virus v-erb B oncogene, raising the possibility that the receptor gene is identical to the c-erb B protooncogene. Human A431 epidermoid carcinoma cells, which have an unusually high number of EGF receptors, were examined to determine whether elevated EGF receptor levels correlate with gene amplification. Southern blots of genomic DNA's from A431 and other human cell lines were probed with either a v-erb B gene fragment or a human EGF receptor complementary DNA clone (pE7), previously isolated from an A431 complementary DNA library. When either probe was used to analyze Eco RI- or Hind III-generated DNA fragments, EGF receptor DNA sequences were amplified about 30-fold in A431. Differences in the banding pattern of A431 DNA fragments relative to normal fibroblast DNA indicate the occurrence of a rearrangement in the region of the receptor gene. Furthermore, A431 cells contain a characteristic, prominent 2.9-kilobase RNA. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that, in A431 cells, gene amplification, possibly associated with a translocation event, may result in the overproduction of EGF receptor protein or the appearance of the transformed phenotype (or both).〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Merlino, G T -- Xu, Y H -- Ishii, S -- Clark, A J -- Semba, K -- Toyoshima, K -- Yamamoto, T -- Pastan, I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Apr 27;224(4647):417-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6200934" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alpharetrovirus/genetics ; Base Sequence ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cell Line ; Dna ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; Epidermal Growth Factor/metabolism ; *Gene Amplification ; Genes, Viral ; Humans ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Oncogenes ; Poly A/genetics ; RNA/genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; Receptors, Cell Surface/biosynthesis/*genetics ; Translocation, Genetic
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  • 87
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    Inhibitors of poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) synthesis: effect on other metabolic processes (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-02-10
    Description: 3-Aminobenzamide and benzamide, purported to be specific inhibitors of the synthesis of poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose), were used to elucidate possible functions of this biopolymer. These compounds, at frequently used experimental concentrations, not only inhibited the action of poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) synthetase but also affected cell viability, glucose metabolism, and DNA synthesis. Thus, the usefulness of 3-aminobenzamide and benzamide may be severely restricted by the difficulty of finding a dose small enough to inhibit the synthetase without producing additional metabolic effects.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Milam, K M -- Cleaver, J E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Feb 10;223(4636):589-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6420886" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Benzamides/*toxicity ; Cell Line ; DNA Replication/drug effects ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Lymphocytes ; Nucleoside Diphosphate Sugars/*biosynthesis ; Poly Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose/*biosynthesis ; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases/metabolism ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 88
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    Total synthesis and cloning of a gene coding for the ribonuclease S protein (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1984-03-23
    Description: A gene for ribonuclease S protein, has been chemically synthesized and cloned. The gene is designed to have 25 specific restriction endonuclease sites spaced at short intervals, permitting its structure to be rapidly modified. This flexibility facilitates tests of hypotheses relating the primary structure of the enzyme to its physical and catalytic behavior.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nambiar, K P -- Stackhouse, J -- Stauffer, D M -- Kennedy, W P -- Eldredge, J K -- Benner, S A -- 1 RO1 GM 30110-01A2/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Mar 23;223(4642):1299-301.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6322300" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; *Cloning, Molecular ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; *Genes, Synthetic ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides/chemical synthesis ; Peptide Fragments/*genetics ; Ribonucleases/*genetics
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  • 89
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    Gene product of v-fgr onc: hybrid protein containing a portion of actin and a tyrosine-specific protein kinase (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-01-06
    Description: The nucleotide sequence of the region of Gardner-Rasheed feline sarcoma virus (GR-FeSV) encoding its primary translation product, p70gag-fgr, has been determined. From the nucleotide sequence, the amino acid sequence of this transforming protein was deduced. Computer analysis indicates that a portion of P70gag-fgr has extensive amino acid sequence homology with actin, a eukaryotic cytoskeletal protein. A second region of P70gag-fgr is closely related to the tyrosine-specific kinase gene family. Thus, the v-fgr oncogene appears to have arisen as a result of recombinational events involving two distinct cellular genes, one coding for a structural protein and the other for a protein kinase.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Naharro, G -- Robbins, K C -- Reddy, E P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jan 6;223(4631):63-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6318314" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Actins/analysis ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Computers ; Gene Products, gag ; *Genes, Viral ; *Oncogenes ; Protein Kinases/analysis ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; Recombination, Genetic ; Retroviridae/*genetics ; Sarcoma Viruses, Feline/*genetics ; Viral Proteins/analysis/*genetics
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  • 90
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    The long terminal repeat sequences of a novel human endogenous retrovirus (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-12-07
    Description: The complete nucleotide sequence of both the 5' and 3' long terminal repeats (LTR's) has been determined for a human endogenous retroviral genome. These sequences are 593 and 590 nucleotides long and have diverged from one another by 8.8 percent. The LTR's resemble those of functional mammalian type C retroviruses in length and in the presence and location of eukaryotic promoter sequences. The 5' LTR is followed by a presumptive primer binding site unlike that of any known mammalian type C retrovirus, exhibiting 17 out of 18 nucleotides complementary to arginine transfer RNA rather than proline transfer RNA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉O'Connell, C D -- Cohen, M -- N01-CO-23909/CO/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Dec 7;226(4679):1204-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6505687" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; DNA, Recombinant ; Genes, Regulator ; Humans ; Operon ; RNA, Viral/*analysis ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Retroviridae/*genetics
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  • 91
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    Lariat RNA's as intermediates and products in the splicing of messenger RNA precursors (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-08-31
    Description: The splicing of messenger RNA precursors in vitro proceeds through an intermediate that has the 5' end of the intervening sequence joined to a site near the 3' splice site. This lariat structure, which has been characterized for an adenovirus 2 major late transcript, has a branch point, with 2'-5' and 3'-5' phosphodiester bonds emanating from a single adenosine residue. The excised intervening sequence retains the branch site and terminates in a guanosine residue with a 3' hydroxyl group. The phosphate group at the splice junction between the two exons originates from the 3' splice site at the precursor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Padgett, R A -- Konarska, M M -- Grabowski, P J -- Hardy, S F -- Sharp, P A -- P01-CA14051/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P01-CA26717/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01-GM32467/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Aug 31;225(4665):898-903.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6206566" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenoviruses, Human/metabolism ; Base Sequence ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Nucleic Acid Precursors/analysis/*metabolism ; Oligoribonucleotides/metabolism ; Phosphates/metabolism ; RNA/analysis/*metabolism ; RNA Precursors ; *RNA Splicing ; RNA, Messenger/analysis/*metabolism ; RNA, Viral/analysis/*metabolism
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  • 92
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    Antibodies to human c-myc oncogene product: evidence of an evolutionarily conserved protein induced during cell proliferation (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-08-17
    Description: Antisera to a synthetic c-myc peptide and to c-myc antigens synthesized from various portions of the human gene expressed in Escherichia coli were used in order to characterize the protein product of the human c-myc oncogene. Although the deduced molecular weight of the human c-myc protein is 49,000, these antisera precipitate a protein from human cells that migrates in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel as if its molecular weight were 65,000. In addition, the mouse c-myc protein, whether synthesized in cells or in a cell-free system directed by pure, synthetic messenger RNA, has analogous properties and is immunoprecipitated by the antiserum to the human c-myc protein. Similar proteins are immunoprecipitated from monkey, rat, hamster, and frog cells, suggesting evolutionary conservation of antigenic structure of the c-myc protein among vertebrates. In addition, and in a manner consistent with the behavior of its messenger RNA, the immunoprecipitable c-myc protein is sharply induced by the action of mitogens on resting human T cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Persson, H -- Hennighausen, L -- Taub, R -- DeGrado, W -- Leder, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Aug 17;225(4663):687-93.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6431612" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antibodies, Neoplasm/*immunology ; Base Sequence ; *Cell Division ; Chickens ; Cricetinae ; DNA, Neoplasm/genetics ; DNA, Recombinant/metabolism ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Mice ; Mitogens/pharmacology ; Molecular Weight ; Neoplasm Proteins/genetics/*immunology ; *Oncogenes ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Rabbits ; Rats
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  • 93
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    Carbocyclic arabinofuranosyladenine (cyclaradine): efficacy against genital herpes in guinea pigs (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-09-30
    Description: Carbocyclic arabinofuranosyladenine (cyclaradine), a novel nucleoside analog with such desired features as hydrolytic and enzymatic stability, adenosine deaminase resistance, and low systemic toxicity, inhibited the replication of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2. The 5'-methoxyacetate prodrug form exhibited significant efficacy in the topical treatment of genital infections by herpes simplex virus type 2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vince, R -- Daluge, S -- Lee, H -- Shannon, W M -- Arnett, G -- Schafer, T W -- Nagabhushan, T L -- Reichert, P -- Tsai, H -- CA 23263/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Sep 30;221(4618):1405-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6684328" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acyclovir/therapeutic use ; Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Guinea Pigs ; Herpes Genitalis/*drug therapy ; Male ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Vidarabine/*analogs & derivatives/therapeutic use
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  • 94
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    Interferon-beta-related DNA is dispersed in the human genome (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-03-23
    Description: Interferon-beta 1 (IFN-beta 1) complementary DNA was used as a hybridization probe to isolate human genomic DNA clones lambda B3 and lambda B4 from a human genomic DNA library. Blot-hybridization procedures and partial nucleotide sequencing revealed that lambda B3 is related to IFN-beta 1 (and more distantly to IFN-alpha 1). Analyses of DNA obtained from a panel of human-rodent somatic cell hybrids that were probed with DNA derived from lambda B3 showed that lambda B3 is on human chromosome 2. Similar experiments indicated that lambda B4 is not on human chromosomes 2, 5, or 9. The finding that DNA related to the IFN-beta 1 gene (and IFN-alpha 1 gene) is dispersed in the human genome raises new questions about the origins of the interferon genes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sagar, A D -- Sehgal, P B -- May, L T -- Inouye, M -- Slate, D L -- Shulman, L -- Ruddle, F H -- AI-16262/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Mar 23;223(4642):1312-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6546621" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes, Human/*analysis ; Chromosomes, Human, 1-3 ; Chromosomes, Human, 4-5 ; Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X ; Cloning, Molecular ; Cricetinae ; DNA/*analysis ; *Genes ; Humans ; Hybrid Cells ; Interferon Type I/*genetics ; Mice ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization
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  • 95
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    Alternative RNA processing: determining neuronal phenotype (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1984-09-21
    Description: On the basis of an analysis of the human and rat calcitonin genes and of a related gene, alternative RNA processing represents a developmental strategy of the brain to dictate tissue-specific patterns of polypeptide synthesis. This regulation allows the calcitonin gene to generate two messenger RNA's, one encoding the precursor of a novel neuropeptide, referred to as CGRP, which predominates in the brain, and the second encoding the precursor to the hormone calcitonin which predominates in thyroid C cells. The distribution of CGRP in the central and peripheral nervous system and in endocrine and other organ systems suggests potential functions in nociception, ingestive behavior, cardiovascular homeostasis, and mineral metabolism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rosenfeld, M G -- Amara, S G -- Evans, R M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Sep 21;225(4668):1315-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6089345" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Calcitonin/*genetics ; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/analysis ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; *Genes ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/*genetics ; Neurons/*metabolism ; Phenotype ; *RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional ; RNA, Messenger/*genetics ; Rats
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  • 96
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    Nucleotide sequences of the human and mouse atrial natriuretic factor genes (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-12-07
    Description: Mouse and human atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) genes have been cloned and their nucleotide sequences determined. Each ANF gene consists of three coding blocks separated by two intervening sequences. The 5' flanking sequences and those encoding proANF are highly conserved between the two species, while the intervening sequences and 3' untranslated regions are not. The conserved sequences 5' of the gene may play an important role in the regulation of ANF gene expression.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Seidman, C E -- Bloch, K D -- Klein, K A -- Smith, J A -- Seidman, J G -- AI-18436/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- HL-070208/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Dec 7;226(4679):1206-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6542248" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Atrial Natriuretic Factor ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes ; Heart Atria/metabolism ; Humans ; Mice ; Natriuretic Agents ; Protein Precursors/genetics ; Proteins/*genetics ; Receptors, Glucocorticoid/metabolism
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  • 97
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    Molecular characterization of human T-cell leukemia (lymphotropic) virus type III in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-12-07
    Description: The human T-cell leukemia (lymphotropic) virus type III (HTLV-III) appears to be central to the causation of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Two full-length integrated proviral DNA forms of HTLV-III have now been cloned and analyzed, and DNA sequences of the virus in cell lines and fresh tissues from patients with AIDS or AIDS-related complex (ARC) have been characterized. The results revealed that (i) HTLV-III is an exogenous human retrovirus, approximately 10 kilobases in length, that lacks nucleic acid sequences derived from normal human DNA; (ii) HTLV-III, unlike HTLV types I and II, shows substantial diversity in its genomic restriction enzyme cleavage pattern; (iii) HTLV-III persists in substantial amounts in cells as unintegrated linear DNA, an uncommon property that has been linked to the cytopathic effects of certain animal retroviruses; and (iv) HTLV-III viral DNA can be detected in low levels in fresh (primary) lymphoid tissue of a minority of patients with AIDS or ARC but appears not to be present in Kaposi's sarcoma tissue. These findings have important implications concerning the biological properties of HTLV-III and the pathophysiology of AIDS and Kaposi's sarcoma.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shaw, G M -- Hahn, B H -- Arya, S K -- Groopman, J E -- Gallo, R C -- Wong-Staal, F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Dec 7;226(4679):1165-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6095449" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*microbiology ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Child ; Cloning, Molecular ; Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral ; DNA Restriction Enzymes/metabolism ; DNA, Viral/*analysis ; Deltaretrovirus/*genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 98
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    Nicarbazin complex yields dinitrocarbanilide as ultrafine crystals with improved anticoccidial activity (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-11-11
    Description: Nicarbazin, a drug used to control the protozoal disease coccidiosis in poultry, is a complex of the highly insoluble drug 4,4'-dinitrocarbanilide with 2-hydroxy-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine. The structures of this and other 4,4'-dinitrocarbanilide complexes have not been determined, but an analogous 2:1 complex of 4,4'-dinitrodiphenylamine with 1,4-diacetylpiperazine has been prepared in which the only possible bonds are hydrogen bonds between the amide carbonyls and amino hydrogens. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that micron-size crystals of nicarbazin disintegrate in water to form much smaller dinitrocarbanilide crystals. Similar complex dissolution in the gut of poultry may account for the greater effectiveness of dinitrocarbanilide when administered as complexed rather than uncomplexed drug. Particle size problems associated with other highly insoluble drugs and pesticides may be resolved by the use of nicarbazin-like complexes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rogers, E F -- Brown, R D -- Brown, J E -- Kazazis, D M -- Leanza, W J -- Nichols, J R -- Ostlind, D A -- Rodino, T M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Nov 11;222(4624):630-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6635662" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Carbanilides/*administration & dosage ; Chickens ; Coccidiostats ; Crystallization ; Intestinal Absorption ; Nicarbazin/*administration & dosage ; Poultry Diseases/*prevention & control ; Solubility ; Structure-Activity Relationship
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 99
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    BK viral enhancer element and a human cellular homolog (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-11-18
    Description: Comparison of two closely related primate papovaviruses, simian virus 40 (SV40) and human BK virus (BKV), reveals that the only region of extensive divergence, the tandem sequences adjacent to the origins of DNA replication, is responsible in SV40 for enhancing early gene expression. This study demonstrates a similar enhancer function for the analogous repeated region in BKV. The dissimilarity in sequence of the BKV and SV40 enhancer elements suggests that they may have been acquired since SV40 and BKV diverged. A locus cloned from the human genome homologous to the BKV tandem repeats has been shown to function as low level enhancer element in mammalian cells. These data support the hypothesis that viral enhancer sequences may be evolutionarily related to host cell sequences.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rosenthal, N -- Kress, M -- Gruss, P -- Khoury, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Nov 18;222(4625):749-55.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6314501" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; BK Virus/*genetics ; Base Sequence ; Biological Evolution ; DNA, Viral/*genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; *Genes, Regulator ; Humans ; Plasmids ; Polyomavirus/*genetics ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Species Specificity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 100
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    Separation of signal transduction and adaptation functions of the aspartate receptor in bacterial sensing (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-06-03
    Description: In order to investigate the functions of stimulus recognition, signal transduction, and adaptation, the aspartate receptor gene for bacterial chemotaxis in Salmonella typhimurium has been sequenced and modified. A carboxyl-terminal truncated receptor was shown to bind aspartate and to transmit a signal to change motility behavior. However, the truncated receptor showed greatly reduced methyl-accepting capacity, and did not allow adaptation to the sensory stimulation. The separation of receptor functions by alteration of primary structure emphasizes that the receptor is directly involved in adaptation and is not solely a device for transmitting a signal across a membrane.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Russo, A F -- Koshland, D E Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jun 3;220(4601):1016-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6302843" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptation, Physiological ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Aspartic Acid ; *Bacterial Physiological Phenomena ; Base Sequence ; *Chemotaxis ; Escherichia coli/physiology ; Methylation ; *Receptors, Amino Acid ; Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics/*physiology ; Salmonella typhimurium/physiology ; Serine
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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