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  • Inorganic Chemistry  (5,390)
  • Industrial Chemistry  (1,701)
  • 42.75
  • Seismology
  • 1975-1979  (4,355)
  • 1950-1954  (2,980)
Collection
Years
Year
  • 1
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    In:  Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., Washington D.C., Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe, vol. 69, no. 4, pp. 1027-1038, pp. L09611
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: Fore-shocks ; Earthquake ; Discrimination ; Earthquake precursor: prediction research ; Spectrum ; Corner frequency ; Seismology ; Body waves ; BSSA
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  • 2
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    In:  Geophys. J. R. astr. Soc., Warszawa, Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe, vol. 57, no. 1, pp. 537-555, pp. 2121
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: Subduction zone ; Seismicity ; Seismology ; South ; America ; GJRaS
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  • 3
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    In:  Geophys. J. R. astr. Soc., London, Elsevier, vol. 57, no. 8, pp. 353-379, pp. 2083, (ISBN 1-86239-117-3)
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: earth mantle ; Seismology ; P-waves ; Shear waves ; Q-structure ; Quality factor ; GJRaS
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  • 4
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    In:  Geophys. J. R. astr. Soc., London, Elsevier, vol. 57, no. 8, pp. 381-395, pp. 2083, (ISBN 1-86239-117-3)
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: earth mantle ; Seismology ; P-waves ; Shear waves ; Q-structure ; Quality factor ; GJRaS
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  • 5
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    In:  Earthquake Information Bulletin, Münster, Amer. Sc., vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 170-174, pp. 1228, (ISBN 0-471-26610-8)
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: Seismology ; Review article ; Project report/description
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  • 6
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    In:  J. Geophys. Res., Luxembourg, Conseil de l'Europe, vol. 84, no. 7055, pp. 2348-2350, pp. B05S07, (ISBN: 0534351875, 2nd edition)
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: Seismology ; Magnitude ; Source parameters ; seismic Moment ; Statistical investigations ; JGR
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  • 7
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    In:  Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., Amsterdam, Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company, vol. 69, no. 2, pp. 1645-1670, pp. 2265, (ISSN 0016-8548, ISBN 3-510-50045-8)
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: Seismology ; Strong motions ; BSSA
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  • 8
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    In:  Tectonophys., Bonn, 3-4, vol. 53, no. 10, pp. 325-333, pp. L10306, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: Seismology ; Earthquake
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  • 9
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    In:  Sci. Am., Reykjavík, Icelandic Meteorological Office, Ministry for the Environment University of Iceland, vol. 240 , no. 1, pp. 92-107, pp. TC1011, (ISSN 0016-8548, ISBN 3-510-50045-8)
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: Seismology ; Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; Lithosphere ; earth mantle ; SciAm
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  • 10
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    In:  Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., Kunming, China, 4, vol. 69, no. 4, pp. 1209-1214, pp. L13613, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: Magnitude ; Seismology ; Seismicity ; BSSA
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  • 11
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    In:  Geophys. J. R. astr. Soc., Zagreb, 3-4, vol. 57, no. 1, pp. 609-638, pp. B06305, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: Seismology ; Attenuation ; Inelastic ; Magnitude ; GJRaS
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  • 12
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    In:  Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., Luxembourg, Conseil de l'Europe, vol. 69, no. 1, pp. 1133-1148, pp. L09610, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: Seismology ; Shear waves ; Surface waves ; Phase velocity ; BSSA
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  • 13
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    In:  Rev. Geophys. Space Phys., San Francisco, Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, vol. 17, no. B10, pp. 328-336, pp. B10404, (ISSN 0016-8548, ISBN 3-510-50045-8)
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: Source ; Seismology ; Review article
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  • 14
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    In:  J. Geophys. Res., Basel, Elsevier Science Publishers, vol. 84, no. B9, pp. 4749-4762, pp. L15S20, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: Teleseismic events ; Seismology ; Volcanology ; Velocity depth profile ; USA ; Geol. aspects ; Body waves ; JGR
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  • 15
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    In:  Geophys. J. R. astr. Soc., Hannover, Conseil de l'Europe, vol. 59, no. 1, pp. 315-323, pp. L24314, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: Dispersion ; Frequency ; Seismology ; GJRaS
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  • 16
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    In:  J. Geophys., Würzburg, Physica-Verlag, vol. 45, no. 1, pp. 337-340, pp. L24313, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: P-waves ; Seismic arrays ; Seismology ; ConvolutionR
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  • 17
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    In:  J. Geophys. Res., San Francisco, Pergamon, vol. 84, no. B5, pp. 2243-2250, pp. B05315, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: seismic Moment ; Stress drop ; Stress ; Strength ; Seismology ; Modelling ; Source parameters ; Inhomogeneity ; JGR
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  • 18
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    In:  Geophys. J. R. astr. Soc., Zagreb, 3-4, vol. 57, no. 5372, pp. 609-638, pp. B06305, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: Seismology ; Attenuation ; Magnitude ; Nuclear explosion ; GJRaS
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  • 19
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    In:  Schweiz. mineral. petrogr. Mitt., Bonn, 3-4, vol. 59, no. 10, pp. 127-132, pp. L10306, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: Seismicity ; Seismology ; Fault plane solution, focal mechanism ; Muller
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  • 20
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    In:  J. Geophys. Res., New York, August, vol. 84, no. 3-4, pp. 2251-2261, pp. 1610, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: Seismology ; Stress ; Stress drop ; Energy (of earthquakes) ; Source parameters ; JGR
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  • 21
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    In:  Wave Motion, Tulsa, 3-4, vol. 1, no. 13, pp. 187-192, pp. B10303, (ISBN: 0-12-018847-3)
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: Dislocation ; cracks and fractures (.NE. fracturing) ; Seismology
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  • 22
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    In:  J. Geophys. Res., London, Army Corps of Engineers, Woodward-Clyde Consultants, vol. 84, no. 5, pp. 4583-4591, pp. 1013, (ISBN: 0-12-018847-3)
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: Subduction zone ; Seismology ; Seismicity ; Volcanology ; JGR
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  • 23
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    In:  Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., Dordrecht, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, vol. 69, no. 3, pp. 893-909, pp. L11307, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: Seismology ; Intensity ; Magnitude ; BSSA ; body wave Magnitude
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  • 24
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    In:  Phys. Earth Plan. Interiors, Kyoto, AGU, vol. 18, no. B1, pp. 176-196, pp. L24302, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: Seismology ; Earthquake ; PEPI
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  • 25
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    In:  J. Geophys. Res., Berlin, Pergamon, vol. 84, no. B2, pp. 672-678, pp. B04306, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: Velocity ; Seismology ; Earthquake precursor: prediction research ; Earthquake precursor: Vp/Vs anomalies ; JGR ; Body waves
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  • 26
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    In:  Geophys. Prosp., Luxembourg, Conseil de l'Europe, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 1-15, pp. 1068, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: Detectors ; Seismology ; Statistical investigations ; CoherencyE
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  • 27
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    Elsevier
    In:  Amsterdam, 490 pp., Elsevier, vol. 11, no. Publ. No. 12, pp. 127, (3-540-43395-3)
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: Seismology ; Textbook of geophysics
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  • 28
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    In:  Geophys. J., vol. 58, no. B11, pp. 91-105
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: Seismology ; Layers ; Dispersion ; Frequency ; Synthetic seismograms
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  • 29
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    In:  Rev. Roum. Géol., Géophys. et Géogr. - Géophysique, Münster, 3, vol. 23, no. 3-4, pp. 39-49, pp. L12311, (ISBN 0-471-26610-8)
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: Source parameters ; Seismology ; EUROPROBE (Geol. and Geophys. in eastern Europe)
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  • 30
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    In:  J. Geophys. Res., Berlin, Inst. Electrical & Electronics Engineers, vol. 84, no. 4, pp. 3615-3622, pp. B04307, (ISBN: 0534351875, 2nd edition)
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: Travel time ; Inversion ; Data analysis / ~ processing ; Seismics (controlled source seismology) ; Seismology ; JGR
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  • 31
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    Naval Ocean Systems Center
    In:  report, San Diego, Naval Ocean Systems Center, vol. 1, no. paper SPWLA 90-C, pp. M1-M4, (ISBN 3-933346-037)
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: Seismology ; Seismics (controlled source seismology) ; Power spectrum ; Spectrum
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  • 32
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    Inst. f. Geophys., Univ. Stuttgart
    In:  Diplomarbeit, Granada, 10-12 June 1999, Inst. f. Geophys., Univ. Stuttgart, vol. 339-350, no. 32, pp. 103-108, (ISBN 3-933346-037)
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: Spectral analysis ; Spectrum ; Earthquake ; Seismology ; Fracture
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  • 33
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    In:  Preprint, Novosibirsk, Air Force Geophysics Laboratory, no. AFGL-TR-87-0230, pp. 103-155
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: Modelling ; Seismology ; Seismics (controlled source seismology) ; Wave propagation
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  • 34
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    Univ. Calif.
    In:  Ph.D. Thesis, San Diego, Univ. Calif., vol. 11, no. PEER Utilities Pgm. Rep. 2000/17, 24 pp., pp. 207
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: Modelling ; Layers ; Synthetic seismograms ; Seismology
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  • 35
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    Forschungsinstitut für militärische Bautechnik
    In:  report, Zürich, Forschungsinstitut für militärische Bautechnik, vol. 10, no. FMB 79.10, pp. 2985-3018
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: Nuclear explosion ; Seismology ; Buechi ; Buchi
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  • 36
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    Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität
    In:  Diplomarbeit, München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, vol. 10, no. 28, pp. 309-314
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: Teleseismic events ; Velocity analysis ; earth mantle ; Seismology ; Bruestle ; Brustle
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  • 37
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    In:  Geophys. J. R. astr. Soc., Basle, Wiley, vol. 60, no. 5441, pp. 459-487, pp. 1264, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: Source ; Seismology ; Fault plane solution, focal mechanism ; GJRaS
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  • 38
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    Bundesanstalt f. Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe
    In:  Hannover, Bundesanstalt f. Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe, vol. 25, no. Publ. No. 12, pp. 95-104, (ISBN: 0-08-043930-6)
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: Seismology ; Detectors ; Filter- ; Broad-band
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  • 39
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    Hallwag
    In:  Stuttgart, Hallwag, vol. 30, no. Publ. No. 12, pp. 95-104, (ISBN 0-865-42078-5)
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: Earthquake ; Seismology ; Textbook of geophysics
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  • 40
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    Caltech
    In:  Ph.D. Thesis, Pasadena, CA., Caltech, vol. C 560, 183 pp., no. PL-TR-91-2212(I), pp. 79-84, (ISBN 3-933346-037)
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: Detectors ; sta ; Seismology ; Seismic networks ; High frequency ...
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  • 41
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    In:  Preprint, Beijing, Halliburton Logging Services, vol. C 560, 183 pp., no. PL-TR-91-2212(II), pp. 938-939, (ISBN 3-933346-037)
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: Seismology ; Seismics (controlled source seismology) ; Scattering ; Coda (waves, ~ of seismograms) ; Wave propagation ; Acoustics
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  • 42
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    Inst. f. Meteorol. und Geophys., Goethe Univ. Frankfurt
    In:  Diplomarbeit, Roma, Inst. f. Meteorol. und Geophys., Goethe Univ. Frankfurt, vol. C 560, 183 pp., no. 78 (?), pp. 193-210, (ISBN 3-933346-037)
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: Seismology ; Seismic arrays ; Data analysis / ~ processing ; Energy (of earthquakes)
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  • 43
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    Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
    In:  rept., Livermore, Calif., Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, vol. 10, no. UCID-18099, pp. 1358-1361, (ISBN 3-933346-037)
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: Review article ; Deep seismic sounding (espec. cont. crust) ; CRUST ; earth mantle ; Seismology ; EUROPROBE (Geol. and Geophys. in eastern Europe)
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  • 44
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    U. S. Geol. Surv.
    In:  Prof. Paper, Menlo Park, California, U. S. Geol. Surv., vol. 1034, no. 77-3, pp. 1-74, (ISBN 3-933346-037)
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: Deep seismic sounding (espec. cont. crust) ; Velocity depth profile ; USGS ; USA ; Seismics (controlled source seismology) ; Seismology
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  • 45
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    In:  J. Geophys. Res., Zagreb, Conseil de l'Europe, vol. 84, no. 4, pp. 3543-3552, pp. L02307, (ISSN 0343-5164)
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: Seismology ; Fault plane solution, focal mechanism ; Surface waves ; Tectonics ; Source ; JGR
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  • 46
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    In:  Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., Zagreb, Conseil de l'Europe, vol. 69, no. 4, pp. 1-15, pp. L02307, (ISSN 0343-5164)
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: Seismology ; Dislocation ; SH waves ; Source ; BSSA
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  • 47
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    Stanford University, California
    In:  Ph.D. Thesis, La Jolla, CA, Stanford University, California, vol. 1034, no. 77-767, pp. 293-297, (ISBN 3-933346-037)
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: Seismology ; Seismic networks ; Seismic arrays ; Statistical investigations
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  • 48
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    U. S. Geol. Surv.
    In:  Open-File Report, Houston, U. S. Geol. Surv., vol. C 560, 183 pp., no. 79-431, pp. 1-57, (ISBN 3-933346-037)
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: Source parameters ; Seismology ; Magnitude ; Hypocentral depth ; Location ; software ; USGS
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  • 49
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    NOAA, U. S. Department of Commerce
    In:  report, Houston, NOAA, U. S. Department of Commerce, vol. 10, no. SE-20, pp. 206-209, (ISBN 0 08 042822 3)
    Publication Date: 1979
    Keywords: Handbook of geophysics ; Seismology ; Instruments ; BIBTEX?
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  • 50
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 117 (1979), S. 1045-1049 
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Seismology ; Surface waves
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Alsop's method (1966) for the non-normal passage of surface waves through a vertical discontinuity is improved by using a new functional to be made stationary on the plane of discontinuity. The modified functional has the dimension of an energy flux and is characterized by the discontinuous surface wave displacements and stresses on the vertical discontinuity. Model calculations which were carried out for SV-waves and Love waves show that the new version of Alsop's method yields in all respects more consistent results than the old one.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Methode von Alsop (1966) für den Durchgang von schräg einfallenden Oberflächenwellen durch eine vertikale Diskontinuität wird durch Verwendung eines neuen Funktionals, das auf der Diskontinuitätsfläche stationär sein soll, verbessert Das modifizierte Funktional hat die Dimension eines Energieflusses und wird durch diejenige Spannungs- und Verschiebungsdiskontinuität charakterisiert, die durch das Oberflächenwellenfeld auf der Diskontinuitätsfläche erzeugt wird. Modellrechnungen für SV-Wellen und Lovewellen zeigen, daß die neue Version von Alsoos Verfahren in jeder Hinsicht konsistentere Ergebnisse als die bisherige liefert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 51
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 1-15 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Reactions with Protonated 1,3-Diazines, I. Preparation and Properties of 4-Aryl-substituted 3,4-Dihydropyrimidine DerivativesIn the presence of trifluoroacetic acid, pyrimidine and 5-methylpyrimidine react with active aromatic compounds to form stable 4-aryl-substituted 3,4-dihydropyrimidinium salts, e.g. 1, 2, 6. From these, the dihydro bases 7 or 8 can be obtained which are readily oxidized to 4-aryl-substituted pyrimidines 9. 2- and/or 4-substituted pyrimidines as well as 2-amino- and 2-mercaptopyrimidines react with phenols to form benz[g][1,3,5]oxadiazocines 3 and 10. The mechanism of this novel reaction is apparently best described as an aromatic electrophilic substitution by the protonated pyrimidine derivative. The observed reactivity of different diazines is in accordance with frontier orbital arguments, using HMO-coefficients.
    Notes: Bei Gegenwart von Trifluoressigsäure reagieren Pyrimidin und 5-Methylpyrimidin mit aktiven aromatischen Verbindungen zu stabilen 4-arylsubstituierten 3,4-Dihydropyrimidinium-Salzen, z. B. 1, 2, 6, aus denen sich die zugrunde liegende Dihydrobase 7 bzw. 8 erhalten läßt, die ihrerseits leicht zu 4-arylsubstituierten Pyrimidinen 9 oxidiert werden kann. 2- und/oder 4-substituierte Pyrimidine sowie 2-Amino- und 2-Mercaptopyrimidine bilden mit Phenolen Benz[g][1,3,5]oxadiazocine der (Konstitution 3a - f und 10. Als Reaktionsmechanismus wird eine elektrophile Substitutionsreaktion durch das protonierte Pyrimidinderivat vorgeschlagen. Die beobachtete Reaktivität der verschiedenen Diazine steht im Einklang mit dem Grenzorbital-Modell auf der Basis der HMO-Koeffizienten.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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  • 52
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 42-56 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Rearrangements of Free Radicals, VII. Electrocyclic and Sigmatropic Rearrangements of Bicyclo[3.1.0]hexenyl RadicalAbstraction of an allylic hydrogen from bicyclo[3.1.0]hex-2-ene (1) leads to the bicyclic allyl radical 2. Electrocyclic ring opening to the cyclohexadienyl radical 3 could not be observed in solution up to + 70°C. Only the product analysis of a thermolysis (130°C) of di-tert-butylperoxide in presence of 1 evidenced the possibility of ring opening with the formation benzene. In adamantane matrix 2 rearranges at -50°C in 3 (ΔG≠ = 68.6 ± 2.0 kJ/mol). In matrix bimolecular termination reactions are prohibited. Therefore rearrangements with activation barriers greater than those of diffusion controlled reactions can easily be observed. By this method a degenerate 1,4-sigmatropic rearrangement of the methylene bridge in 2 could be proven. For this purpose specifically in 2- and 3-position deuterated derivatives of 1 were synthesized. The sigmatropic reaction follows from the statistical distribution of deuterium in the cyclohexadienyl radical over the carbon atoms of the former five-membered ring.
    Notes: Durch Abstraktion eines allylischen Wasserstoffatoms aus Bicyclo[3.1.0]hex-2-en (1) läßt sich das bicyclische Allylradikal 2 erzeugen. Eine Ringöffnung zum Cyclohexadienylradikal 3 konnte in Lösung ESR-spektroskopisch bis + 70°C nicht beobachtet werden. Die Produktanalyse einer Thermolyse (130°C) von Di-tert-butylperoxid in Gegenwart von 1 erwies mit dem Auftreten von Benzol die grundsätzliche Möglichkeit zur elektrocyclischen Ringöffnung. In Adamantanmatrix lagert das durch Röntgenbestrahlung aus 1 erzeugte 2 bereits bei -50°C in 3 um (ΔG≠ = 68.6 ± 2.0 kj/mol). Die Matrixmethode macht durch die Unterdrückung bimolekularer Abreaktionen von 2 auch den Nachweis einer degenerierten sigmatropen 1,4- Verschiebung der Methylenbrücke möglich. Hierzu wurden in 2- bzw. 3-Stellung deuterierte Derivate von 1 dargestellt. Der Nachweis der sigmatropen Wanderung ergibt sich aus der statistischen Verteilung des Deuteriums im Cyclohexadienylradikal über die C-Atome. des ehemals fünfgliedrigen Ringes.
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  • 53
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Proton Resonance Spectroscopy of Unsaturated Ring Systems, XXVII. The Benzene Nucleus as a Probe for the π-Electronic Structure of Annulenes; Part IV: DehydrobenzoannulenesThe 1H NMR Spectra of 6,9-dimethyl-7-monodehydrobenzo[12]annulene (1), 7,9-bisdehydrobenzo[14]annulene (2a), 6,11-dimethyl-7,9-bisdehydrobenzo[14]annulene (2a), 6,11-dimethyl-7,9-bisdehydrobenzo[16]annulene (3), and 9,11-bisdehydrobenzo[18]annulene (4) have been analyzed with respect to chemical shifts and H,H coupling constants. The electronic ground state properties of the annulene rings have been investigated using the Q-value method2). On the basis of the chemical shifts it was found that, compared to the free bisdehydroannulenes, the diatropic behaviour of 2a and 4 is reduced by ca. 70-80%, whereas the paratropic nature of 3 is diminished by less than 50%. Strong π-bond fixation exists in the annulene rings of 1-4.The conformations of the systems are discussed.
    Notes: Die 1H-NMR-Spektren von 6,9-Dimethyl-7-monodehydrobenzo[12]annulen (1), 7,9-Bisdehydrobenzo[14]annulen (2), 6,11-Dimethyl-7,9-bisdehydrobenzo[14]annulen (2a), 6,11-Dimethyl-7,9-bisdehydrobenzo[16]annulen (3) und 9,11-Bisdehydrobenzo[18]annulen (4) wurden hinsichtlich chemischer Verschiebungen und H,H-Kopplungskonstanten analysiert. Die elektronischen Eigenschaften des Grundzustandes der Annulenringe wurden mit Hilfe der Q-Wert-Methode2) untersucht. Aus den chemischen Verschiebungen wurde abgeleitet, daß das diatrope verhalten von 2a und 4 im Vergleich zu dem der freien Bisdehydroannulene um ca. 70-80% reduziert ist, während das paratrope Verhalten von 3 um weniger als 50% abgenommen hat. In den Annulenringen von 1-4 liegt eine starke π-Bindungsfixierung vor. Die Konformationen der Systeme werden diskutiert.
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  • 54
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 95-98 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Preparation and Molecular Structure of μ-1,2-Dithiooxalato(S S′)-bis [pentacarbonylamanganese(I)]The structure of the binuclear title compound 2 has been determined from X - ray data. 2 is formed by reaction of Cs2(OSC — CSO) with Mn(CO)5Br. The thiooxalato ligand has a transplanar conformation and connects the two Mn atoms through dative Mn — S — bonds.
    Notes: Die Struktur der zweikernigen Titelverbindung 2 wurde röntgendiffraktometrisch bestimmt. 2 entsteht durch Reaktion von Cs2(OSC — CSO) mit Mn(CO)5Br. Der Thiooxalato-Ligand besitzt transplanare Konformation und verknüpft über koordinative Mn— S — Bindungen die beiden Molekülhälften.
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  • 55
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On Amino Acids and Peptides, XXVIII. On Dehydro Amino Acids, XIV. Schiff Bases of Dehydro Amino Acids from 2-Aryl-4-thiazolidinecarboxylic Acids.  -  First Synthesis of an N-Arylidene-dehydroalanine Esteron treatment with Ag2CO3 in aprotic solvents the 4-thiazolidinecarboxylic acid esters 1-4 afford the N-arylidene-dehydrovaline derivatives 5-8 in excellent yields. The dehydro peptides land 9 and 10 are obtained from the N-arylidene-dehydrovaline N-hydroxysuccinimide esters 7 and 8 by the reaction with amino acid amides. Methyl 2-phenyl-4-thiazolidinecarboxylate (12) reacts with Ag2CO3/DBU to yield the unstable N-benzylidene-aminoacrylic acid derivative 14, which On treatment with methanethiol yields the cysteine ester (RS)-13. Treatment of 12 with Ag2CO3/ CH3Br and without DBU-catalysis affords the optically active derivative (S)-13.
    Notes: Die 4-Thiazolidincarbonsäureester 1-4 reagieren mit Ag2CO3 in aprotischen Lösungsmitteln in ausgezeichneten Ausbeuten zu den N-Aryliden-dehydrovalin-Derivaten 5-8. Die N-Aryliden-dehydrovalin-N-hydroxysuccinimidester 7 und 8 können mit Aminosäureamiden zu den Dehydropeptiden 9 und 10 umgesetzt werden. 2-Phenyl-4-thiazolidincarbonsäure-methylester (12) bildet mit Ag2CO3 unter DBU-Katalyse den instabilen N-Benzyliden-aminoacrylsäureester 14, der mit Methanthiol zum Cysteinderivat (RS)-13 reagiert. Ohne DBU erhält man aus 12 mit Ag2CO3 und Methylbromid das optisch aktive (S)-13.
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  • 56
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesen von DL-Serin Vorläufern (Glycolaldehyd und „maskierte“ Glycolaldehyde)Bei Behandlung von Vinylchloridepoxid (4) mit Wasser, von Chlorethylencarbonat (9) mit wäßrigen Basen, von Vinylacetat (1) oder Ethylvinylether (6) mit wäßrigem Kaliumchlorat und einer katalytischen Menge Osmiumtetroxid bildete sich Glycolaldehyd (5) (Schema 1). Der nicht isolierte Aldehyd 5 lieferte bei der Zelinsky-Stadnikoff-Aminosäure-Synthese DL-Serin mit 70% Ausbeute. Diese Methode ergab, direkt von den „maskierten“ Glycolaldehyden 2, 7, 9, 10, Vinylencarbonat (11), 13 oder 14 ausgehend, ebenfalls DL-Serin (Ausbeuten 35-70%), wogegen ausgehend von 4 kein Serin nachgewiesen werden konnte.
    Notes: On treatment of vinyl chloride epoxide (4) with water, of chloroethylene carbonate (9) with aqueous bases, of vinyl acetate (1) or ethyl vinyl ether (6) with aqueous potassium chlorate and catalytic amounts of osmium tetroxide, glycolaldehyde (5) was formed (scheme 1). The not isolated aldehyde 5, when submitted to the Zelinsky-Stadnikoff amino acid synthesis, afforded DL-serine in 70% yield. The latter method, when applied directly to the “masked” glycolaldehydes 2, 7, 9, 10, vinylene carbonate (11), 13 or 14, also gave DL-serine (yields 35-70%), whereas with 4 no serine formation could be detected (scheme 1).
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  • 57
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 175-195 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Rearrangement of the 9-Cyano-cis-bicyclo [6.1.0]nona-2,4,6-trien-9-yl Anion to the 9-Cyanobicyclo[4.2.1]nona-2,4,7-trien-9-yl Anion On the Problem of BicycloaromaticityReaction of methyl cis-bicyclo[6.1.0]nona-2,4,6-triene-9-anti-carboxylate (5b) with lithiumdiisopropylamide does not lead to deprotonation at C9 of 5b. Instead, a bridgehead cyclopropyl anion is formed which opens to give the allyl anion 12b.  -  In contrast, cis-bicyclo[6.1.0]nona-2,4,6-triene-9-anti-carbonitrile (5c) is also deprotonated at C9 leading to the 9-cyano-cis-bicyclo-[6.1.0]nona-2,4,6-trien-9-yl anion (1c), which rearranges comparatively fast (ΔG≠-43°C = 16.5 kcal · mol-1) to the 9-cyanobicyclo[4.2.1]nona-2,4,7-trien-9-yl anion (4c). Applying qualitative MO arguments of Goldstein and Hoffmann 4) one could explain the facile formation of the „bicyclo-aromatic“ 4c on the basis of ground state destabilization of 1c and stabilization of 4c. H/D-Exchange experiments, however, are at variance with this interpretation.  -  An additional stabilization of the transition state in the anionic sigmatropic rearrangement 1c → 4c as well as the opening the C1 — C9 bond instead of the central C1 — C8 bond are in agreement with HOMO-LUMO interactions.
    Notes: Die Umsetzung von cis-Bicyclo[6.I.0]nona-2,4,6-trien-9-anti-carbonsäure-methylester (5b) mit Lithiumdiisopropylamid führt nicht zu Deprotonierung an C9 von 5b. Statt dessen wird das Brückenkopfproton Hl abgespalten. Anionische Ringöffnung ergibt das Allyl-Anion 12b.  -  Im Gegensatz dazu wird das entsprechende 9-anti-Carbonitril 5c auch an C9 zum 9-Cyan-cis-bicyclo[6.1.0]nona-2,4,6-trien-9-yl-Anion (lc) deprotoniert, das vergleichsweise rasch (ΔG≠-43°C = 16.5 kcal · mo1) in das 9-Cyanbicyclo[4.2.1]nona-2,4,7-trien-9-yl-Anion (4c) umlagert. Qualitative MO-Überlegungen nach Goldstein und Hoffmann4) lassen vermuten, daß die leichte 1,5-Umlagerung auf Grundzustands-Destabilisierung von lc bzw. -Stabilisierung von 4c, mithin auf „Bicycloaromatizität“ von 4c, zurückzuführen ist. H/D-Austauschversuche zur Bestimmung von Anion-Stabilitäten stehen jedoch zu dieser Erklärung im Widerspruch.  -  Eine zusätzliche Stabilisierung des Übergangszustandes der anionischen sigmatropen Umlagerung 1c → 4c wie auch die seitliche statt der zentralen Bindungslösung im cyan-substituierten Anion 1c sind mit HOMO-LUMO-Wechselwirkungen zu verstehen.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 260-265 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Thieno[3,4-cisothiazole]. Synthesis and Properties of a New Nonclassical Condensed ThiopheneThe triphenylthieno[3,4-c]isothiazole 3 is a new 10 π heteroarene containing two different masked 1,3-dipolar systems. Its synthesis from 4-phenyl-1,3.2-oxathiazolylium-5-olate (1) and dibenzoyl-acetylene via the direct precursor 2 as well as its photoelectronic and electronic spectra are desribed. The observed electronic transitions of 3 are compared with the results of a PPP-CI calculation
    Notes: Das Triphenylthieno[3,4-c]isothiazol 3 ist ein neuer 10 π-Heteroaromat, der zwei verschiedene maskierte 1,3-dipolare Systeme beinhaltet. Seine Synthese aus 4-Phenyl-1,3,2-oxathiazolylium-5-olat (1) und Dibenzoylacetylen über die direkte Vorstufe 2 sowie sein Photoelektronen- und Elektronenspektrum werden beschrieben. Die an 3 beobachteten Elektronenübergänge werden mit den Ergebnissen einer PPP-CI-Rechnung verglichen.
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  • 59
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 249-259 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Transanular Interactions in [3.3]Phanes, III. [3.3]Paracyclophane, New Syntheses, Chair and Boat Conformation[3.3]Paracyclophane (1) was synthesized via the 2,13-dithia[4.4]paracyclophane (2) by vapor phase pyrolysis of the disulfone 3 obtained from 2. Reaction of 2 with benzyne gave trans- and cis-2,1 l-bis(phenylthio)[3.3]paracyclophane (4 and 5) by Stevens rearrangement. Oxidation to the sulfoxides 6 and 7 and pyrolysis yielded the [3.3]paracyclophanedienes (12/13) giving 1 on catalytic hydrogenation. Large substituents in the 2,11-positions of the bridges stabilize the two conformers of 1, based on 1H-NMR spectra the trans-isomer 4 has the chair, the cis-isomer 5 the boat conformation.
    Notes: [3.3]Paracyclophan (1) wurde über 2,13-Dithia[4.4]paracyclophan (2) durch Gasphasen-Pyrolyse des aus 2 erhaltenen Disulfons 3 synthetisiert. Reaktion von Dehydrobenzol mit 2 ergab durch Stevens-Umlagerung trans- und cis-2,11-Bis(phenylthio)[3.3]paracyclophan (4 und 5); durch Oxidation zu den Sulfoxiden 6 und 7 und Pyrolyse wurden die [3.3]Paracyclophandiene (12/13) erhalten, die bei katalytischer Hydrierung 1 ergaben. Große Substituenten in den 2,11-Positionen der Brücken stabilisieren die beiden Konformere von 1, laut 1H-NMR-Spektren liegt das trans-Isomere 4 in der Sessel-, das cis-Isomere 5 in der Wannen-Konformation vor.
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  • 60
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The Racemization of Spirocyclic Pentaaryl Derivatives of Group 5 A Elements. I H NMR Investigations with Overcrowded Asymmetric Phosphoranes, Arsoranes, and StiboranesThe two different methyl positions of bis-2,2′-biarylylenephosphorane 7, the corresponding arsoranes 8a, b, and the analogous stiborane 9 are reversibly equilibrated at elevated temperatures with free enthalpies of activation of 18.2 (76.0), 17.2 (72.2), ≈ 22.5 (94.2), and 15.4 (64.6) kcal(kJ)/mol. Starting with the trigonal bipyramidal ground state conformations C and ∪ (fig. 2) these ligand exchange phenomena can be interpreted in the framework of the pseudorotation process on the basis of trigonal bipyramidal transition states of type A with diequatorial biarylylene groups.
    Notes: Die beiden unterschiedlichen Methyl-Positionen des Bis-2,2′-biarylylenphosphorans 7, der entsprechenden Arsorane 8a, b und des analogen Stiborans 9 werden bei erhöhten Temperaturen mit freien Aktivierungsenthalpien von 18.2 (76.0), 17.2 (72.2). ≈ 22.5 (94.2) und 15.4 (64.6) kcal(kJ)/mol reversibel äquilibriert. Ausgehend von den trigonal-bipyramidalen Grundzustandskonformationen C und ∪ (Abb. 2) lassen sich diese Ligandenaustauschphänomene im Rahmen des Pseudorotationsprozesses auf der Basis trigonal-bipyramidaler Übergangszustände des Typs A (Abb. 2) mit diäquatorialen Biarylylen-Gruppen interpretieren.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 310-348 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Light-induced Reactions, XIII. On the Seco-isomeric Dienylketene Related to 2,4-Androstadien-1-oneThe steroidal 2.4-cyclohexadienone 3 photochemically affords the diastereomer 4. Both the configurational isomers differ exceedingly in their chiroptical properties. Their respective contribution to the photostationary state depends on the wave-length of the light and the solvent utilized. The dienylketene 5 can be determined spectroscopically as a transient. It is not trapped by 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol; cyclohexylamine, however, furnishes the 1,6-adduct 7a and/or the 1,2-adduct 6 a owing to the concentration and wave-length (365 or 313 nm) used.
    Notes: Das steroidale 2,4-Cyclohexadienon 3 geht photochemisch in das Diastereomere 4 über. Beide Konfigurationsisomere unterscheiden sich deutlich in ihren chiroptischen Eigenschaften. Ihr jeweiliger Anteil im photostationären Zustand hängt von der Wellenlänge des Lichts und dem Lösungsmittel ab. Das Dienylketen 5 läßt sich als Transient spektroskopisch nachweisen. Es wird von 2,2,2-Trifluorethanol nicht, von Cyclohexylamin je nach Konzentration und Wellenlänge (365 oder 313 nm) als 1,6-Addukt 7a und/oder als 1,2-Addukt 6a abgefangen.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 384-388 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Cyclic Substances from N-Aryl-substituted PropiolamidinesThe chloroformamidines 4a-c react with lithium phenylacetylide to form the propiolamidines 5a-c. 5a and 5b cyclize upon treatment with polyphosphoric acid to give the 2-aminoquinolines 6 and 7,8, respectively; 5c yields only the spiro compound 9.
    Notes: Die Chlorformamidine 4a-c reagieren mit Lithium-phenylacetylid zu den Propiolamidinen 5a-c. 5a bzw. 5b cyclisieren in Polyphosphorsäure (PPS) zu den 2-Aminochinolinen 6 bzw. 7 und 8, während 5c als einziges Produkt die Spiroverbindung 9 ergibt.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 376-383 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Structure of Melochinine, a New Type of a Pyridone Alkaloid from Melochia pyramidata L. (Sterculiaceae)Melochinine, isolated from leafs of Melochia pyramidata L., is the first representative of a so far unknown class of pyridone alkaloids. Its structure was determined by spectroscopic methods in combination with microchemical degradation reactions to be 3.
    Notes: Das aus Melochia pyramidata L. isolierte Melochinin gehört einer bisher unbekannten Klasse von Pyridon-Alkaloiden an. Seine Struktur 3 wurde mit spektroskopischen Methoden und mikrochemischen Abbaureaktionen bestimmt.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 392-393 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Photochemical Synthesis of (η5-C5H5)2V2(Co)5μ-Dicarbonyl-tricarbonylbis[(η5-cyclopentadienyl)vanadium](V-V) (2) has been synthesized in 89% yield by photolysis of tetracarbonyl(η5 -cylcopentadienyl)vanadium (1) in tetrahydrofuran using a falling-film photoreactor.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979) 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 66
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 435-444 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Naturally Occurring Terpene Derivatives, 156. On a New Group of Sesquiterpene Lactones from the Genus TrixisTwo species of the South American genus Trixis afforded 12 new sesquiterpenes all with a new pentacyclic ring system, named trixikingolide (3-8 and 10-24). The structures are elucidated by spectroscopic methods and chemical transformations which are in part unusual. The carbon skeleton is that of an isocedrene (1), first found in several other genera of the tribe Mutisieae. This type is probably of chemotaxonomical importance.
    Notes: Zwei Vertreter der südamerikanischen Gattung Trixi ergeben 12 neue Sesquiterpene, alle mit dem neuen pentacyclischen Ringsystem. das wir Trixikingolid genannt haben (3-8 und 19-24). Die Konstitutionen werden durch spektroskopische Methoden und chemische Umwandlungen, die zum Teil ungewöhnlich sind, geklärt. Das Kohlenstoffgerüst ist das eines Isocedrens (1), das zuerst in mehreren Gattungen der Tribus Mutisieae gefunden wurde. Dieser Typ ist wahrscheinlich von chemotaxonomischer Bedeutung.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 468-479 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Reactions of Azidocobalt(III) Chelate Complexes with IsocyanidesAzidochelatecobalt(III) complexes N3Co(chelate)B (la-e) [chelate = e. g. dianion of N,N′-o-phenylenebis(salicylidenimine), B = PPh3] react with organic isocyanides to give metal-carbon bonded tetrazolate complexes 3, 4. 2-Isocyanoethanol affords tetrazolato- (9, 10) or azido-oxazolidin-2-ylidene complexes (11), depending on the nature of the solvent, the trans-base B, and the chelate ligand. The mechanism of formation of C-coordinated tetrazoles from azido complexes and isonitriles is discussed.
    Notes: Azidochelatcobalt(III)-Verbindungen N3Co(chelat)B(la-e) [chelat = z. B. Dianion von N,N′-o-Phenylenbis(salicylidenimin), B = PPh3] setzen sich mit organischen Isocyaniden zu Tetrazolatokomplexen 3, 4 mit Cobalt-Kohlenstoff-Bindung um. Mit 2-Isocyanethanol entstehen in Abhängigkeit vom Lösungsmittel, der trans-ständigen Base B und dem Chelatliganden Tetrazolato-(9, 10) oder Azido-oxazolidin-2-yliden-Komplexe (11). Der Mechanismus der Bildung C-koordinierter Tetrazole aus Azidokomplexen und Isonitrilen wird diskutiert.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 496-500 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Gold Complexes of Diphosphinomethanes, IV. Au1 Compounds of Diphosphinoamines and Oxidative Addition of Chlorine Yielding AuII and AuIII ComplexesBis(diphenylphosphino)amine (DPA) reacts with two equivalents of ClAu(CO) to form a binuclear gold complex HN[P(C6H5)2AuCl]2 (1). The analogous methylamine derivative (2) is prepared more easily from the ligand bis(diphenylphosphino)methylamine (DPMA) and HAuCl4 in ethanol. Excess DPMA. in the same solvent, yields a cyclic 1:1 complex 3 which is electrolytically dissociated in acetonitrile. 2 can be oxidized using stoichiometric amounts of chlorine to form complexes with the formal oxidation states +2 (5) and +3 (6) of gold. l97Au Mößbauer spectra prove that 5 is indeed not a mixed Au1/AuIII compound but contains the structural moiety Au24⊕.  -  DPA can be metallated at the nitrogen with n-C4H9Li and transformed into [(C6H5)2P]2NSI(CH3)3 using (CH3)3SiCi, but no gold complex was obtained from this ligand.
    Notes: Bis(diphenylphosphino)amin (DPA) reagiert mit zwei Äquivalenten ClAu(CO) zum zweikernigen Goldkomplex HN[P(C6H5)2AuCl]2 (1). Das analoge Methylaminderivat (2) kann leichter aus dem Liganden Bis(diphenylphosphino)methylamin (DPMA) und HAuCl4 in Ethanol erhalten werden. Überschüssiges DPMA ergibt im gleichen Solvens den cyclischen 1 : 1-Komplex 3, der in Acetonitril elektrolytisch dissoziiert. 2 kann mit stöchiometrischen Mengen Chlor in Komplexe übergeführt werden, in denen Gold formal die Oxidationsstufen +2 (5) und +3 (6) besitzt. 197Au-Mößbauer-Spektren beweisen, daß 5 tatsächlich keine gemischte AuI/AuIII 1-Verbindung ist, sondern das Strukturelement Au24⊕ enthalten muß.  -  DPA kann mit n-C4H9Li am Stickstoff metalliert und mit (CH3)3SiCl in den Liganden [(C6H5)2P]2NSi(CH3)3 verwandelt werden, von dem jedoch noch kein Goldkomplex zu erhalten war.
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  • 69
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 501-509 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Oxirane and Oxetane Cleavage with Phosphorus Ylides: A Pathway to Fluctuating Mono- and Spirobicyclic Phosphoranes1-Methyl-1-methylen-1 λ5-phospholane (1) and -phosphorinane (3) react with oxirane under mild conditions to form the spirobicyclic phosphoranes 2 and 4, resp., in high yields. Oxetane converts the same ylides into the corresponding heterocycles 6 and 7 only at elevated temperatures and under autogenic pressure in sealed tubes. Similarly, trimethylmethylenephosphorane inserts into oxetane with formation of the monocyclic 2,2,2-trimethyl-1,2λ5-oxaphosphorinane (5).  -  A detailed variable temperature NMR study leads to trigonal bipyramidal ground state geometries of the phosphoranes 2 and 4-7. Their fluctuating behaviour, for which any irregular process could be excluded, is most easily described by the turnstile model of pseudorotation. The compounds reported appear to be the most simple cyclic systems of the type R4POR′ available to date.
    Notes: 1-Methyl-1-methylen-1λ5-phospholan (1) und -phosphorinan (3) reagieren schon unter milden Bedingungen mit Oxiran in guten Ausbeuten zu den spirobicyclischen Phosphoranen 2 bzw. 4. Oxetan verwandelt die gleichen Ylide in die entsprechenden Heterocyclen 6 und 7, jedoch erst bei höherer Temperatur und unter Eigendruck im Bombenrohr. Trimethylmethylenphosphoran wird in ähnlicher Weise in den Oxetanring eingeschoben, wobei das monocyclische 2,2,2-Tri-methyl-1,2Δ5-oxaphosphorinan(5)entsteht.  -  Ein detailliertes Studium der temperaturabhängigen NMR-Spektren führte zu einer trigonal-bipyramidalen Grundzustandsgeometrie der neuen Phosphorane 2 und 4-7. Deren fluktuierendes Verhalten, für das irreguläre Prozesse ausgeschlossen werden konnten, ist am leichtesten unter Zuhilfenahme des Turnstile-Modells zu beschreiben.
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  • 70
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 532-540 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Polycyclic Compounds, XII. Vicinal cis-trans-Isomeric Dihydrodiols in the Hexahydrophenanthrene and -benz[a]anthracene SeriesThe synthesis of the Vicinal trans-dihydrodiols 3a and 1la in the hexahydrophenanthrene and -benz[a]anthracene series is described. 3a and 1la are obtained by reaction of the oxanorbornadienes 1 and 9 with acetic acid and subsequent alkaline hydrolysis of the trans-hydroxyacetates 3b and 11b. Specific reactions of the cis-trans-isomers 2a and 3a are described.
    Notes: Die Darstellung der vicinalen trans-Dihydrodiole 3a und 11a in der Hexahydrophenanthren-und -benz[a]anthracen-Reihe wird beschrieben. 3a und 11a erhält man durch Reaktion der Oxanorbornadiene 1 und 9 mit Essigsäure und anschließende alkalische Verseifung der trans-Hydroxyacetate 3b und l1b. Spezifische Reaktionen der cis-trans-Isomeren 2a und 3a werden besprochen.
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  • 71
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 567-576 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Enantiomeric Pentatetraenes and their Thermic Racemization EnergiesPartial hydroboration of the racemic pentatetraene 4 with chiral di(3-pinanyl)borane (6) gives the olefins 7 and 8, and starting material with about 5% enrichment of one enantiomer of 4. Complete separation of the enantiomers of 4 is achieved by chromatography on microcrystalline peracetylated cellulose. ( + )-4 with [α]D22 = + 336.6° (c = 0.8; CHC1,3) most likely has (S)-configuration. The enantiomers 4 racemize thermally at 358 K with activation parameters of ΔH≠ = 109.4 ± 1 kJmol-1, ΔS≠ = -18 ± 5JK-1 mol-1. and ΔG≠ = 115.8 ± 0.1 kJmol-1, independent of the polarity of the solvent.
    Notes: Die partielle Hydroborierung des racemischen Pentatetraens 4 mit chiralem Di(3-pinanyl)boran (6) führt zu den Olefinen 7 und 8, wobei im zurückgewonnenen Ausgangsmaterial 5% eines Enantiomeren von 4 angereichert werden. Die vollständige Enantiomerentrennung von 4 gelingt durch Chromatographie an mikrokristalliner peracetylierter Cellulose. (+)-4, [α]D22 = + 336.6° (c = 0.8; CHC13), besitzt wahrscheinlich (S)-Konfiguration. Die thermische Racemisierung von 4 ist bei 358 K von der Polarität des Mediums unabhängig und ergibt ΔH≠ = 109.4 ± l kJmoI-1, ΔS≠ = -18 ± 5JK-1mol-1 und ΔG≠ = 115.8 ± 0.1 kJmol-1.
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  • 72
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 640-647 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Tautomerism of Heterocyclic Compounds, VII. Synthesis and Reactions of N-Vinylsubstituted ChloroformamidinesThe ureas 1 a, b are converted into the N-vinylsubstituted chloroformamidines 2 a, b by using triphenylphosphane/carbon tetrachloride as chlorinating agent. They react with silver cyanate potassium thiocyanate, potassium selenocyanate, 4-morpholinecarbonitrile and lithium phenyl-acetylide to form the substituted heterocyclic compounds 3 a, b, 5 a, b-7 a, b, 9 a, b, and 12.
    Notes: Die Harnstoffe 1 a, b werden mit Hilfe des Chlorierungsreagenzes Triphenylphosphan/Tetrachlorkohlenstoff in N-vinylsubstituierte Chlorformamidine 2 a, b übergeführt. Ihre Umsetzung mit Silbercyanat, Kaliumthiocyanat, Kaliumselenocyanat, 4-Morpholincarbonitril und Lithiumphenylacetylid liefert die substituierten Heterocyclen 3a, b, 5a, b-7a, b, 9a, b und 12.
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  • 73
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 654-662 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Boration Reactions of KeteneTwo series of products are formed by aminoboration of ketene with R2B—NMe2: BR3 and CH3CONMe2, derived from a primary CC-aminoboration product R2B—CH2 —CONMe2, and the oxaazoniaboratacyclohexanes 3 and 4, derived from a primary CO-aminoboration product CH2 = C(NMe2)—OBR2. The aminoboration of ketene with HalB(NR2)2 leads to [(R2N)HalB—CH2-CONR2]2 (6). The bromoboration of ketene with Me2B—Br yields intermediates which, by aminolysis. can be transformed into products similar to those of direct aminoboration.
    Notes: Die Aminoborierung von Keten mit R2B—NMe2 liefert nebeneinander die Produkte BR3 und CH3 CONMe2, die sich vom CC-Aminoborierungsprodukt R2B—CH2—CONMe2 herleiten, sowie die Oxaazoniaboratacyclohexan-Derivate 3 und 4. die sich aus dem CO-Aminoborierungsprodukt CH2 = C(NMe2)—OBR2 bilden. Die Aminoborierung von Keten mit HalB(NR2)2 ergibt [(R2N)HalB—CH2—CONR2]2 (6). Bei der Bromoborierung von Keten mit Me2B—Br kommt man zu instabilen Zwischenprodukten. deren Aminolyse zu ähnlichen Produkten führt wie die Aminoborierung von Keten mit Me2B—NR2.
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  • 74
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 663-677 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis and Properties of (2-Methyl-1-propenyloxy)boranes(2-Methyl-1-propenyloxy)boranes Me2C = CY—OBXX′ (2a-o) with different groups X, X′, and Y were prepared either by the addition of boranes XX′BY to dimethylketene Me2C = C = O or by the transfer of a Me2CCYO group from BrZn(Me2CCYO) to bromoboranes XX′BBr. The products dissociate thermally into XX′BY and Me2C = C = O. No tautomerism yielding XX′B—CMe2—CY = O was observed. Addition of ketene H2C = C = O to a few of the compounds 2 and subsequent methanolysis give H3C—CO—CMe2—CO2Me. The products O = CBr—CMe2—CHR—OBMe2 can be isolated from the addition of Me2C = CBr—OBMe2 (2a) to aldehydes RCHO.
    Notes: (2-Methyl-1-propenyloxy)borane Me2C = CY—OBXX′ (2a-o) mit verschiedenen Gruppen X, X′ und Y wurden z. T. durch Addition von Boranen XX′BY an Dimethylketen Me2C = C = O, z. T. durch Übertragung des Me2CCYO-Rests von BrZn(Me2CCYO) auf Bromborane XX′BBr dargestellt. Die thermische Spaltung führt zu XX′BY und Me2C = C = O. Eine die Produkte XX′B—CMe2—CY = O ergebende Tautomerie haben wir nicht beobachtet. Die 1:1-Umsetzung einiger der Produkte 2 mit Keten H2C = C = O und die nachfolgende Methanolyse der Addukte liefern den Ester H3C—CO—CMe2—CO2Me. Durch Addition von Aldehyden RCHO an Me2C = CBr—OBMe2 (2a) gewinnt man die Produkte O = CBr—CMe2 —CHR—OBMe2.
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  • 75
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 700-707 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: 3-Deamino- and 3-Decarboxy-Derivatives of the Nucleoside „X“Since biosynthetic investigations have shown that the aminocarboxypropyl side chain of the nucleoside „X“ (la) comes from S-adenosyl-L-methionine (2) and that compound 2 can also function as a donor of methyl-, aminopropyl- and carboxypropyl-groups, we have synthesized the two unknown uridine derivatives l b and l c. The latter compounds were obtained via N -3-alkylation of 2′,3′-O-isopropylideneuridine followed by removal of the protecting groups and characterized by 13C NMR spectroscopy. In contrast to the UV spectra the 1 H NMR spectra of 1a - c show a strong dependence on pH.
    Notes: Da Biosyntheseuntersuchungen gezeigt haben, daß der Aminocarboxypropylrest des Nucleosids „X“ (la) von S-Adenosyl-L-methionin (2) stammt, 2 aber auch als Donor von Methyl-, Aminopropyl- und Carboxypropylresten fungieren kann, haben wir die beiden noch unbekannten Uridinderivate 1 b und 1 c über N-3-Alkylierung von 2′,3′-O-Isopropylidenuridin und anschließende Abspaltung der Schutzgruppen dargestellt. l a - c wurden durch 13C-NMR-Spektroskopie charakterisiert. Im Gegensatz zu den UV-Spektren zeigen die 1 H-NMR-Spektren dieser Verbindungen eine starke Abhängigkeit vom pH-Wert.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 708-716 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Pentacarbonyl{furyl[tris(trimethylsilyl)siloxy]carbene}chromium(0): A Carbene Complex with Remarkable Chemical and Structural PropertiesThe title compound 4 reacts with an ethereal solution of lithium bromide by cleavage of the Si—O bond. 13C and 29Si NMR spectroscopic investigations as well as an X-ray structure determination show the central Si atom of 4 to have a distorted trigonal-bipyramidal configuration by interaction with the oxygen atom of the furyl moiety both in solution and in crystalline state. The Si—O bond within the carbene ligand is strongly lengthened.
    Notes: Die Titelverbindung 4 reagiert mit etherischer Lithiumbromid-Lösung unter Spaltung der Si—O—Bindung. 13 C- und 29Si-NMR-spektroskopische Untersuchungen sowie eine Röntgenstrukturanalyse zeigen, daß sowohl in Lösung als auch im festen Zustand das zentrale Silicium-Atom von 4 durch Wechselwirkung mit dem Sauerstoff-Atom des Furyl-Restes eine verzerrt trigonal-bipyramidale Konfiguration aufweist. Die Si—O—Bindung im Carben-Liganden ist stark aufgeweitet.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 717-726 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Syntheses of Biologically Important Carbohydrates, 16. Stereoselective Synthesis of 3-Dimethylamino-2,3,6-trideoxy-ribo-hexose (DL-Megosamine)Methyl trans-4,5-epoxy-2,3,6-trideoxy-DL-threo-hex-2-enonate (1) reacts with liquid dimethylamine at - 10°C in nearly quantitative yield with formation of the 3-dimethylamino-4,5-epoxy-2,3,6-trideoxy-DL-lyxo-/xylo-hexonates 8. Epimeric 8 is transformed in one step into the corresponding 3-dimethylamino-γ-lactone hydrochlorides 10 from which the ribo-isomer is obtained by fractional crystallization. The highly critical reduction of 10 which represents a β-dialkylaminolactone is possible with good success if diisobutylaluminium hydride (DIBAH) is used under controlled conditions. The 3-dimethylamino-2,3,6-trideoxy-DL-ribo-hexopyranose (11) is very instable. Its configuration is established by the MS- and 1H-NMR-spectra of the much more stable 1,4-di-O-acetyl derivative 12 L-11 (megosamine) is known as one of the sugar components of the megalomicin antibiotics 27.  -  This four step synthesis of DL-12 gives a total yield of 29%.
    Notes: trans-4,5-Epoxy-2,3,6-tridesoxy-DL-threo-hex-2-enonsäure-methylester (1) reagiert mit flüssigem Dimethylamin bei -10°C fast quantitativ zu den epimeren 3-Dimethylamino-4,5-epoxy-2,3,6-tridesoxy-DL-lyxo-/-xylo-hexonsäureestern 8, die in einem Schritt zu den entsprechenden 3-Dimethylamino-γ-lacton-hydrochloriden 10, umgesetzt werden. Von diesen wird das ribo-Isomere durch fraktionierende Kristallisation erhalten. Die sehr kritische Reduktion von 10, einem β-Dialkylamino-lacton gelingt glatt, wenn man mit Diisobutylaluminiumhydrid (DIBAH) unter kontrollierten Bedingungen arbeitet. Die Konstitution und Konfiguration der sehr empfindlichen 3-Dimethylamino-2,3,6-tridesoxy-DL-ribo-hexopyranose (11) werden durch MS- und 1H-NMR-Untersuchungen an dem wesentlich stabileren 1,4-Di-O-acetyl-Derivat 12 bestimmt. L-11 ist als Baustein Megosamin von Macrolid-Antibiotika27) von Interesse.  -  Die Ausbeute an DL-12 beträgt 29% über alle vier Stufen.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 743-762 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Field Ion Kinetics of the Water Elimination form Molecular Ions of Stereoisomeric Decalin-1,4-diolsThe field ion kinetics (FIK) of the elimination of H2O from the molecular ions of the 6 stereoisomeric decalin-1,4-diols, of 6 stereoisomers of 2-methyldecalin- 1,4-diol, and of 3 stereoisomers of 9-methyl-trans-decalin-1,4-diol has been investigated for reaction times between 5.10-11 and 5.10-9s. Characteristic FIK-curves of normalized intensities If(t/Im of the [M — H2O]+· ions have been obtained for all compounds. The structure of the curves is mainly determined by the relative steric orientation of both hydroxy groups, in compounds with a 1,4-cis-orientation of the hydroxy groups also by the geometry of other parts of the molecules. Methyl groups, however, have no noticeable effect on the structure of the curves. The investigation of specifically deuterated derivatives reveals, that the intensity curves of the [M —H2O]+· ions are the result of a superposition of at least 4 elimination reaction: 1.) A rapid loss of water by 1,2-elimination. 2) A retarded 1,5-elimination by a reaction between hydroxy groups in a 1,4-cis-position. 3) A retarded transannular 1,4-elimination in compounds with a 1,4-trans-orientation of the hydroxy group. 4.) A retarded loss of water by H-transfer from the unsubstituted ring to one of the hydroxy groups. The retardation of the loss of water is discussed with respect to intramolecular movements of the molecular ions.
    Notes: Die Feldionenkinetik (FIK) der Wasserabspaltung aus der Molekül-Ionen der 6 stereoisomeren Decalin-1,4-diole, von 6 Stereoisomeren des 2-Methyldecalin-1,4-diols und von 3 Stereoisomeren des 9-Methyl-trans-decalin- 1,4-diols wurde Für Zerfallszeiten von 5. 10-11 bis 5. 10-9s unter-sucht. Für die normalisierten Intensitäten If(t)/IM der Ionen [M — H2O]+· wurden für alle Verbindungen charakteristische FIK-Kurven erhalten. Der Kurvenverlauf wird vorwiegend durch die relative sterische Anordnung beider Hydroxygruppen bestimmt, bei Verbindungen mit 1,4-cis-ständigen Hydroxygruppen auch durch die übrige Molekulargeometrie. Methylsubstituenten machen sich dagegen nicht im Kurvenverlauf bemerkbar. Durch Untersuchung spezifisch deuterierter Derivate wird gezeigt, daß die Intensitätskurven der [M — H2O]+·-Ionen durch eine Überlagerung von mindestens 4 Eliminierungsprozessen entstehen: 1. Eine schnelle Wasserabspaltung durch 1,2-Eliminierung. 2.Eine zeitlich verzögerte 1,5-Eliminierung durch Reaktion zwischen 1,4-cis-ständigen Hydroxygruppen. Eine zeitlich verzögerte transannulare 1,4-Eliminierung bei Verbindungen mit 1,4-trans-ständigen Hydroxygruppen. 4. Eine zeitlich verzögerte Wasserabsplatung durch H-Übertragung aus dem unsubstituierten Ring auf eine der Hydroxygruppen. Die zeitliche Verzögerung der Wasserabsplatung wird im Zusammenhang mit intramolekularen Bewegungen der Molekül-Ionen diskutiert.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 778-780 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Simple Preparation of the Binary Metal-Sulfur Clusters [MO3S13]2- and [Mo2SI2]2- from MoO42- in Practically Quantitative Yield(NH4)2[Mo3S(S2)6] 2 H2O (2) could be isolated by heating an aqueous solution of MoO42- with (NH4 2- Sx, for several hours. The anions of both compounds are in equilibrium under the stated conditions.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 793-798 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Ambivalent Behavior of Acyl(diphenyl)phosphanes towards Molecular OxygenWhen the acylphosphanes RC(O)PPh2 (4a, b) [R = CH3 (a), CF3 (b)] are „oxidized slowly“ with molecular oxygen the trivalent phosphorus is attacked with formation of the phosphane oxides RC(O)P(O)Ph2 (la, b), which react with water to give the alcohols RC[Ph2P(O)]2OX(2)and phosphinates RC[Ph2P(O)][OP(O)Ph2]X (3). In contrast, „fast oxidation“ results in an attack on the carbonyl group of 4a b, with formation of CO2 and the radicals ·PPh2 and ·R. The combination products of these radicals and the capture reaction with water and alcohols are described.
    Notes: Bei der „langsamen Oxidation“ der Acylphosphane RC(O)PPh2 (4a, b) [R = CH3 (a), CF3, (b)] mit molekularem Sauerstoff wird der dreibindige Phosphor unter Bildung der Phosphanoxide RC(O)P(O)Ph2 (l a, b) angegriffen, welche mit Wasser zu den Alkoholen RC[Ph2P(O)]2OX (2) und Phosphinaten RC[Ph2P(O)][OP(O)Ph2]X (3) weiterreagieren. Im Gegensatz hierzu erfolgt bei der „schnellen Oxidation“ der Angriff des Sauerstoffs an der Carbonylgruppe von 4a, b unter Bildung von CO2 und der Radikale · PPh2 und · R. Die Kombinationsprodukte dieser Radikale und die Abfangreaktion mit Wasser und Alkoholen werden beschrieben.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 807-817 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Anodic Hydroxylation and Acetamidation of Conjugated DienesAnodic oxidation of 2,4-hexadiene (1), 1,3-butadiene (2), and 1,3-cyclohexadiene (3) in acetonitrile water/sodium perchlorate yields diols, 2-oxazolines, and 3-pyrrolines. Methyl sorbate (5) forms methyl 4,5-epoxy-(E)-2-hexenoate (26); 1,4-diphenyl-1,3-butadiene (4) is cleaved to benzaldehyde (24) and cinnamaldehyde (25). The product distribution is influenced by the supporting electrolyte. With tetrafluoroborate nearly exclusively diols are obtained, whilst in acetamide/acetonitrile 2-oxazolines and 3-pyrrolines are formed. As intermediates radical cations (31) are assumed.
    Notes: Die anodische Oxidation von 2,4-Hexadien (1), 1,3-Butadien (2) und 1,3-Cyclohexadien (3) in Acetonitril/Wasser/Natriumperchlorat führt zu einem Gemisch aus Diolen, 2-Oxazolinen und 3-Pyrrolinen. Sorbinsäure-methylester (5) liefert 4,5-Epoxy-(E)-2-hexensäure-methylester (26); 1,4-Diphenyl-1,3-butadien (4) wird zu Benzaldehyd (24) und Zimtaldehyd (25) gespalten. Die Produktverhältnisse werden vom Leitsalz beeinflußt. In Gegenwart von Tetrafluoroborat entstehen nahezu ausschließlich Diole, während die Elektrolyse in Acetamid/Acetonitril zu 2-Oxazolinen und 3-Pyrrolinen führt. Als Zwischenprodukte werden Radikalkationen (31) angenommen.
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  • 82
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 818-822 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis and Reaction of L-Olivomycal and L-MycaralStarting with L-rhamnal (3) the synthesis of L-olivomycal (4a) is achieved with only few steps and in high yields. Following hydrogenation of 4a and the isomeric side product L-mycaral (5), to the corresponding 1,5-anhydro derivatives 7 and 8, only 8 gave a cis-carbonate 9. This proves the configuration at the branching point C-3 in 4a and in 5. By the reaction of 4b with methanol and N-iodosuccinimide 10b is obtained, which, after subsequent reduction employing nickel boride, gave methyl α-L-olivomycoside (11) in high yield. By application of the same procedure the disaccharide derivative 13 is synthesized without problems.
    Notes: Die Synthese von L-Olivomycal (4a) gelingt in wenigen Reaktionsschritten und guten Ausbeuten ausgehend von L-Rhamnal (3). Nach Hydrierung von 4a und dem isomeren Nebenprodukt L-Mycaral (5) zu den entsprechenden 1,5-Anhydroverbindungen 7 und 8 reagiert nur 8 zu einem cis-Carbonat 9, womit die Konfiguration am Verzweigungspunkt C-3 in 4a und 5 belegt wird. Umsetzung von 4b mit Methanol und N-Iodsuccnimid zu 10b und nachfolgende Reduktion mit Nickelborid gibt Methyl-α-L-olivomycosid (11) in hoher Ausbeute. Gleichermaßen gelingt die glatte Synthese des Disaccharidderivats 13.
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  • 83
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 844-848 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Crystal Structures of the Isopropoxides of Potassium, Rubidium, and CesiumPotassium-, rubidium- and cesium isopropoxide are isostructural (tetragonal space group P4/nmm-D4h7). Their cell constants have been determined. Using a single crystal the structure of cesium isopropoxide has been determined by X-ray analysis and refined to R = 0.069. The alkoxides form layer structures of the type of lithium respectively sodium methoxide. The metal atoms are arranged in one plane and are coordinated on both sides by O-atoms. each O-atom being surrounded by four metal atoms and one sec. C-atom. The methyl-C-atoms are distributed statistically between two positions differing by a 90° rotation of the (CH3)2CH-group.
    Notes: Die Isopropoxide des Kaliums, Rubidiums und Caesiums sind isostrukturell tetragonale Raum-gruppe P4/nmm-D4h7). Ihre Zellkonstanten wurden ermittelt und die Struktur des Caesium-isopropoxids anhand eines Einkristalls röntgenographisch bestimmt und bis R = 0.069 verfeinert. Die Alkoxide bilden Schichtgitter vom Typ des Lithium- bzw. Natriummethoxids. Dabei liegen die Metallatome in einer Ebene und sind beiderseits von O-Atomen koordiniert, indem jedes O-Atom von vier Metallatomen und einem sec. C-Atom umgeben ist. Die Methyl-C-Atome sind statistisch auf zwei Lagen verteilt, welche sich durch Drehung der (CH3)2CH-Gruppe um 90° unterscheiden.
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  • 84
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 823-833 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Basic Metals, X. C5H5Co(PMe3)2 as Building Block for the Formation of Metal-Metal BondsC5H5Co(PMe3)2 (1) reacts with equimolar amounts of ZnCl2 and PMe3 to give the complex C5H5(PMe3)2CoZnCl2(PMe3)(2). Contrary, 1, ZnCl2 and PPh3 react to give a mixture of C5H5(PMe3)2CoZnCl2 (3) and (PPh3)2ZnCl2. The reaction of 2 with PMe3 leads to cleavage of the Co—Zn bond with formation of 1 and (PMe3)2ZnCl2. - 1 reacts with [(PMe3)2CuCl]2 to give C5H5(PMe3)2CoCuCl(PMe3)2(4). In this complex and in 2, the metal atoms are probably tetrahedrally coordinated. Reaction of 4 with PMe3 leads to 1 and (PMe3)3CuCl. - Complexes having Co—Sn bonds can be synthesized through reaction of 1 with SnCl4. Me3SnCl. and Ph3SnCl. The 1:1 adducts 5, 8, and 9 that are first formed react with SnCl4 or NH4PF6 with loss of a chloride ion and formation of the cationic complexes [C5H5(PMe3)2CoSnR3]+ (R = Cl, Me, Ph) (6, 11 and 12). Electrophilic substitution of the SnMe3 group in [C5H5(PMe3)2CoSnMe3]PF6 (11) by SnCl4 or HgCl2 leads to [C5H5(PMe3)2CoSnCl3]PF6 (10) or [C5H5(PMe3)2CoHgCl]PF6 (14), respectively. - With HgCl3 1 forms both a 1:1 and a 1 :2 adduct (13 and 15). Structural suggestions for these compounds are discussed.
    Notes: C5H5Co(PMe3)2 (1) reagiert mit äquimolaren Mengen ZnCl2 und PMe3 zu dem Komplex C5H5(PMe3)2CoZnCl2(PMe3)(2). Aus 1, ZnCl2 und PPh3 entsteht dagegen ein Gemisch von C5H5 (PMe3)2CoZnCl2 (3) und (PPh3)2ZnCl2. Die Reaktion von 2 mit PMe3 führt unter Spaltung der Co—Zn-Bindung zu 1 und (PMe3)2ZnCl2. - Mit [(PMe3)2CuCl]2 reagiert 1 zu C5H5(PMe3)2CoCuCl(PMe3)2(4), in dem wahrscheinlich wie in 2 beide Metallatome tetraedrisch koordiniert sind. Bei der Umsetzung von 4 mit PMe3 bildet sich 1 und (PMe3)3CuCl. - Die Synthese von Komplexen mit Co—Sn-Bindungen gelingt durch Reaktion von 1 mit SnCl4, Me3SnCl und Ph3SnCl. Die primär gebildeten l : l-Addukte 5, 8 und 9 reagieren mit SnCl4 bzw. NH4PF6 unter Abspaltung eines Chlorid-Ions und Bildung der kationischen Komplexe [C5H5(PMe3)2CoSnR3]+(R = Cl, Me, Ph) (6, 11 und 12). Die elektrophile Substitution der SnMe3-Gruppe in [C5H5(PMe3)2CoSnMe3]PF6 (11) durch SnCl4 bzw. HgCl2 führt zu [C5H5(PMe3)2CoSnCl3]PF6 (10) bzw. [C5H5(PMe3)2CoHgCl]PF6 (14). - Mit HgCl2 bildet 1 sowohl ein 1:1- als auch ein 1:2-Addukt (13 und 15). Strukturvorschläge für diese Verbindungen werden diskutiert.
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  • 85
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 862-882 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On the Diels-Alder Reactivity of s-tis-Fixed 1,3-DienesContrary to the 1,2-dimethylenecycloalkanes 8-10 and 2,3-dimethylene-14-dioxane (6), the 4,5-dimethylene-1,3-dioxolanes 1-5 show very poor diene reactivities in the Diels-Alder reaction though possessing an s-cis-fixed diene system. This is documented by bimolecular rate constants as well as activation parameters. The influence of the ionisation potentials measured by PE spectroscopy and of the molecular geometries calculated by the MINDO/3 method on the reactivity is studied. It is shown that not the dehedral angle but the scissoring (1.4-distance) of the diene system is of decisive importance for the reactivity of the s-cis-fixed dienes.
    Notes: Die 4,5-Dimethylen-1,3-dioxolane 1-5 zeigen, obwohl sie s-cis-fixierte Diensysteme darstellen, im Vergleich zu den 1,2-Dimethylencycloalkanen 8-10 und 2,3-Dimethylen-1,4-dioxan (6) sehr geringe Dienreaktivitäten, wie durch die Geschwindigkeitskonstanten und die Aktivierungsparameter belegt wird. Der Einfluß der durch Photoelektronenspektroskopie festgelegten Ionisationspotentiale und der nach dem MINDO/3-Verfahren berechneten Molekülgeometrien auf die Reaktivität wird untersucht. Es zeigt sich, daß für die Reaktivität der s-cis-fixierten Diene nicht der Interplanarwinkel, sondern die Scherung (1,4-Abstand) des Dien-Systems von entscheidender Bedeutung ist.
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  • 86
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 883-889 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Significance of Diene-1,4-Distance on the Reactivity in Diels-Alder ReactionsThe reactivity of cyclopentadiene and di-exo-methylene compounds in Diels-Alder reactions is investigated using the frontier molecular orbital method. It is shown that besides the HOMO-LUMO energy difference the diene 1,4-distance plays an important part for the rate of reaction. The shorter this distance is the higher becomes the reactivity. Experimentally this is shown by the rates of reaction of tetracyanoethylene and maleic anhydride with cyclopentadiene and di-exo-methylene compounds 2-6. The 1,4-distance of the latter is known from force field calculations. 1,4-Distance and log k2 exhibit a linear relationship which is supported by theoretical considerations.
    Notes: Die Reaktivität von Cyclopentadien und cis-fixierten Di-exo-methylenverbindungen in Diels-Alder-Reaktionen wird im Rahmen des Grenzorbitalmodells untersucht. Es wird gezeigt, daß neben der Energiedifferenz der dominanten Grenzorbitalwechselwirkung auch der Dien-1,4-Abstand eine wichtige Funktion besitzt. Je kürzer dieser ist, umso reaktiver ist das Dien. Dies zeigt die Kinetik der Umsetzung von Tetracyanethylen und Maleinsäureanhydrid mit Cyclopentadien und den Di-exo-methylenverbindungen 2-6, deren 1,4-Abstand auf Grund von Kraftfeldrechnungen bekannt ist. Zwischen 1,4-Abstand des Diens und log k2 der Cycloaddition besteht ein linearer Zusammenhang, der sich theoretisch begründen läßt.
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  • 87
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 950-956 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The Mechanism of the Photolytic Reaction of Pyridine with Bis(trimethylsilyl)mercury, a Contribution to the Photochemistry with Metal AlkylsThe photolytic generation of N-(trimethylsilyl)pyridinyls 2 or. resp., their 4,4′-dimers from pyridine or its alkyl derivatives and bis(trimethylsilyl)mercury (1) involves surprisingly no free silyl radicals, but passes a long-lived, photoexcited, polar state 1a of the molecule 1. The latter is described more closely. It is complexed stepwise by two molecules of pyridine, and only in the last step free radicals are formed. The possibly more general importance of these findings for photolytic reactions with metal alkyls is pointed out.
    Notes: Die photolytische Bildung von W-(Trimethylsilyl)pyridinylen 2 bzw. ihren 4.4′-Dimeren. aus Pyridin bzw. seinen Alkylverbindungen und Bis(trimethylsilyl)quecksilber (1) verläuft überraschenderweise nicht über freie Silyl-Radikale, sondern über einen längerlebigen, photoangeregten, polaren Zustand la des Moleküls 1, über den nähere Aussagen gemacht werden. Er wird schrittweise durch zwei Moleküle Pyridin komplexiert, worauf erst im letzten Schritt freie Radikale entstehen. Auf die mögliche Bedeutung der Befunde für andere photolytische Reaktionen mit Metallalkylen wird hingewiesen.
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  • 88
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 908-935 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Cyclopropyl Neighbouring Group Influence on the Bridgehead Reactivity of Compounds with a Bicyclo[2.2.2]octane SkeletonUpon photochlorination with tert-butyl hypochlorite the cyclopropane anellated bicyclo[2.2.2]-octane hydrocarbons 10a and 2a-6a give the bridgehead chlorids 10b and 2b-6b in increasing relative yields. In addition, a more efficient directed synthesis for 2b has been developed. The solvolysis reactions of 2b-6b lead to unrearranged bridgehead derivatives exclusively, the substantially increasing rates in the series 2b-6b indicating, that a cyclopropyl group can stabilize a neighbouring carbenium ion center substantially, even if the system does not possess the best bisected conformation. It is only with a perpendicular arrangement of the axis of the carbenium ion p-orbital and the Walsh orbital at the neighbouring cyclopropyl carbon atom as in 10b that the cyclopropyl group exhibits a destabilizing effect exclusively. Analysis of the kinetic parameters leads to the result, that the skeletons of the intermediate carbenium ions from 2b, 5b and 6b are twisted with respect to those of the starting materials, because this apparently enables the intermediates to gain additional stabilization. However, for 3b and 4b the twisting in the ground and the transition state has to be equally small. For 2b and 5b-6b the twist angle decreases with an increasing number of anellated cyclopropane rings. The same conclusions have been drawn from the interpretation of the 13C-chemical shifts of the free bridgehead carbenium ions 2f and 4f-6f, which have been generated by the reaction of the corresponding chlorides with antimony pentafluoride in sulfuryl chloride fluoride.
    Notes: Bei der Photochlorierung mit tert-Butylhypochlorit entstehen aus den cyclopropan-anellierten Bicyclo[2.2.2]octan-Kohlenwasserstoffen 10a und 2a-6a mit ansteigenden Relativanteilen die Brückenkopfchloride 10b und 2b-6b. Die Solvolysereaktionen von 2b-6b führen ausschließlich zu nichtumgelagerten Brückenkopfderivaten; die in dieser Reihe erheblich ansteigenden Geschwindigkeiten - relativ zum 1-Bicyclo[2.2.2]octylchlorid um bis zu 2.8·108. beweisen, daß eine Cyclopropylgruppe auch bei einer von der optimalen bisektierten Anordnung abweichenden Konformation ein benachbartes Carbeniumionzentrum beträchtlich stabilisiert. Nur bei senkrechter Anordnung der Achsen des Carbeniumion-p-Orbitals und des Walsh-Orbitals am benachbarten Dreiring-C-Atom wie in 10b wirkt die Cyclopropylgruppe ausschließlich destabilisierend. Die Auswertung der kinetischen Parameter ergibt, daß die Gerüste der intermediären Carbeniumionen aus 2b, 5b und 6b im Vergleich zu denjenigen der Ausgangsverbindungen stärker verdrillt sind, weil dies offenbar eine zusätzliche Stabilisierung der Zwischenstufen ermöglicht. Bei 3b und 4b dagegen muß die Verdrillung von Ausgangs- und Übergangszustand gleich gering sein; bei 2b, 5b und 6b wird sie mit zunehmender Zahl anellierter Cyclopropanringe geringer. Zu den gleichen Schlußfolgerungen führt die Interpretation der 13C-chemischen Verschiebungen der freien Brückenkopf-Carbeniumionen 2f und 4f-6f, die aus den entsprechenden Chloriden mit Antimonpentafluorid in Sulfurylchloridfluorid erzeugt wurden.
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  • 89
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 990-999 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Polycarbonyls, XXIV. Mixed „Oxothioxocarbons“ from Amides and Thioamides of Squaric AcidHydrolysis or sulfhydrolysis of 1,2-or 1,3-Squaric acid diamides or their mono- or dithioderivatives yields sulfur analogues of squaric acid dianion, examples of mixed „oxothioxocarbons“ (5-8). Reaction with electrophiles and nucleophiles as well as spectroscopic data are reported.
    Notes: Durch Hydrolyse bzw. Sulfhydrolyse von 1,2- oder 1,3-Quadratsäurediamiden bzw. ihrer Mono- oder Dithioderivate entstehen Schwefelanaloga des Quadratsäure-Dianions, Vertreter der gemischten „Oxothioxokohlenstoffe“ (5-8). Es werden Reaktionen mit Elektrophilen und Nucleophilen beschrieben und spektroskopische Daten mitgeteilt.
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  • 90
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 1000-1011 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Cycloaddition Reactions of Heterocumulenes, XVII. On the Mechanism of the [2+2]-Cycloaddition of Thioketenes with AzomethinesThe thioketene 1 reacts with the azomethines 2a-f to give the β- thiolactames 3a-f, the structures of which were proven by methylation and oxidation leading to 7 and 8/9c Attempts to trap the potential intermediate of the cycloaddition 11 were unsuccessful. Kinetic experiments demonstrate low solvent and substituent effects on the cycloaddition rate. Starting form 1-deuterated and 1-undeuterated 2b a secondary kinetic isotope effect was measured. These results as well as the formation of the sterically disfavoured cycloadduct 3A indicate that in the rate-determining step of the cycloaddition not the „classical“ dipole 11 is formed, but with orbital symmetry -control the dipolar species 14.
    Notes: Das Thioketen 1 reagiert mit den Azomethinen 2a - zu den β-Thiolactamen 3a-f, deren Struktur durch Methylierung zu 7 und Oxidation zu 8/9c belegt wurde. Versuche, die potentielle Zwischenstufe der Cycloaddition 11 abzufangen, verliefen negativ. Nach kinetischen Untersuchungen sind Lösungsmittel-und Substituenteneinflüsse auf die Cycloadditionsgeschwindigkeit gering. Ausgehend von 1-deuteriertem und 1-undeuteriertem 2b wurde ein sekundärer Isotopeneffekt gemessen. Diese Ergebnisse wie auch die Bildung des sterisch ungünstigen Cycloaddukts 3A sprechen dafür, daß im geschwindigkeitsbestimmenden Schritt der Cycloaddition kein „klassischer“ Dipol 11 entsteht, sondern unter Orbitalsymmetrie-Kontrolle die dipolare Species 14.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 1614-1625 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Electronic Structure of Alkyl Aryl and Alkyl Vinyl EthersFor the evaluation of the interactions between π electrons of the CC double bond and lone Pairs at the 0 atom of α, β-unsaturated ethers p. e. spectra of some alkyl aryl ethers 1-3 were recorded and compared with those of alkyl vinyl ethers 5. The data could be interpreted by means of orbital correlation diagrams provided the interaction with energetically high-lying σ orbitals of the correct symmetry was taken into account. Sterically hindered alkyl aryl ethers were found to exist in a perpendicular conformation; in sterically unhindered ethers like anisole a less stable isomer having this conformation was detected. In the case of alkyl vinyl ethers non-bonding interactions favour the s-cis conformation, whereas sterically hindered molecules of this type prefer the s-trans form. From p. e. spectra at higher temperatures (up to 510 K) the relative conformational energies are estimated. The results of the p. e. analysis are used for the interpretation of some reactions of α,β-unsaturated ethers.
    Notes: Um das Ausmaß der Konjugation zwischen π-Elektronen der CC-Doppelbindung und freien Elektronenpaaren am O-Atom α, β-ungesättigter Ether zu ermitteln, wurden die Photoelektronenspektren einer Anzahl von Alkyl-aryl-ethern 1-3 aufgenommen und mit den Spektren von Alkyl-vinyl-ethern 5 verglichen. Die Ergebnisse lassen sich mit Hilfe von Orbitalkorrelationsdiagrammen vollständing interpretieren, sofern man energetisch hochliegende σ-Orbitale geeigneter Symmetrie in die Betrachtung einbezieht. Sterisch gehinderte Alkyl-aryl-ether nehmen eine perpendikuläre Konformation ein, die bei sterisch nicht gehinderten Verbindungen wie etwa Anisol als zweite weniger stabile Form gefunden wird. Im Fall der Alkyl-vinyl-ether überwiegt aufgrund einer nichtbindenden Wechselwirkung die s-cis-Konformation bei sterisch nicht gehinderten Ethern, während sonst die s-trans-Konformation bevorzugt wird. Durch die Aufnahme von Photoelektronenspektren bei Temperaturen bis 510 k lassen sich die Energieunterschiede zwischen den verschiedenen Konformeren abschätzen. Die Ergebnisse der PE-Untersuchungen Können zur Interpretation von Reaktionen α,β-ungesättigter Ether herangezogen werden.
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  • 92
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 1635-1649 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Contributions to the Mechanism of the Photochemical Reactions of PhenylsydnonesThe light-induced decay of diphenylsydnone (1a in various solvents and in the presence of benzonitrile or 4-chlorobenzonitrile with evolution of carbon dioxide leads to the formation of a nitrile imine intermediate 4 a, whose products are partially isolated and identified. For example, the isomeric triazoles 5 (2.5%) and 7 (7.9%) beside the oxadiazolinone 6a (0.9%) and the phenylhydrazine 8 a (29 %) are formed during the irradiation 1a in acetone. The phenanthridinone derivative 22 and the N-phenylbenzohydrazide 24 are formed during working up of the irradiation mixture from 1a in pure acetyl chloride. Furthermore, the photolyses of 1b, c in acetone and of 1b or 6b in methanol are described. The formation of the isolated products is discussed.
    Notes: Der lichtinduzierte Zerfall des Diphenylsydnons (1a) in verschiedenen Lösungsmitteln sowie in Gegenwart von Benzonitril oder 4-Chlorbenzonitril liefert unter Kohlendioxid-Abspaltung eine Nitrilimin-Zwischenstufe 4 a, deren Folgeprodukte teilweise isoliert und identifiziert werden. Beispielsweise werden bei der Bestrahlung von 1a in Aceton die isomeren Triazole 5 (2.5%) und 7 (7.9%) neben dem Oxadiazolinon 6 a (0.9%) und dem Phenylhydrazin 8 a (29 %) gebildet. Das Phenanthridinon-Derivat 22 und das N-Phenylbenzohydrazid 24 entstehen bei der Aufarbeitung des Belichtungsansatzes aus 1a in reinem Acetylchlorid. Weiterhin werden die Photolysen von 1b, c in Aceton und von 1b oder 6 b in Methanol beschrieben. Die Bildungsweisen der isolierten Produkte werden diskutiert.
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  • 93
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 1705-1711 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: 3-O-Benzyl-D-ribose3-O-Benzyl-D-ribose (4) is synthesized from D-glucose and D-ribose via different routes; these methods were compared. For a characterization 4 is transformed into 3′-O-benzyl-adenosine (19). 1H NMR data of the synthesized compounds are compiled.
    Notes: Aus D-Glucose und aus D-Ribose wird in vergleichenden Untersuchungen auf verschiedenen Wegen 3-O-Benzyl-D-ribose (4) hergestellt. Zur Charakterisierung wird 4 in 3′-O-Benzyladenosin (19) übergeführt. 1H-NMR-Spektroskopische Daten der synthetisierten Verbindungen werden mitgeteilt.
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  • 94
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Complex Chemistry of Reactive Organic Compounds, XXIV. Five-Membered Cobalta Cycles from Carbene Addition to Dicarbonyl (η5-cyclopentadienyl)cobaltPhotolysis of the dialkyl diazomalonates 2a-g in the presence of dicarbonyl(η5-cyclopentadienyl)cobalt (1) in tetrahydrofuran yields the cobalta cycles 3a-g. The formation of the new compounds, established by X-ray structural determination on the case of 3c, can be explained formally as a result of a [2 + 3]-cycloaddition of the carbenes derived from the diazo precursors 2a-g to the organometallic substrate 1. The cyclic cobalt compounds 3a-g are converted by a thermal reaction with 1 through opening of the metalla cyclic structural element into the dinuclear μ-methylene cobalt compounds 4a-g.
    Notes: Durch Photolyse der Diazomalonsäure-dialkylester 2a-g in Gegenwart von Dicarbonyl-(η5-cyclopentadienyl)cobalt (1) in Tetrahydrofuran sind die Cobaltacyclen 3a-g zugänglich. Die Bildung der neuen, am Beispiel von 3c auch röntgenstrukturanalytisch gesicherten Verbindungen ist formal das Ergebnis einer [2 + 3]-Cycloaddition der von den Diazo-Vorstufen 2a-g abgeleiteten Carbene an das Organometall-Substrat 1. Unter Öffnung des metallacyclischen Strukturelements sind die cyclischen Cobalt-Derivate 3a-g bei thermischer Umsetzung mit 1 in die zweikernigen μ-Methylen-Cobalt-Komplexe 4a-g überführbar.
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 1751-1755 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Planar Threefold Coordination of Sulfur(VI): Crystal and Molecular Structures of (R3SiN)3S and (R3CN)3S (R=CH3) at -130°CThe crystal structures of the title compounds were determined from single crystal X-ray data (measured at -130°C) and refined to unweighted R-values of 0.034 for (R3SiN)3S (1) and 0.047 for (R3CN)3S(2). 2 crystallizes in the triclinic space group P1 and 1 in the hexagonal space group P63/m. Both structures exhibit a planar threefold nitrogen coordination of the sulfur but the large coefficients of the temperature factors perpendicular to the SN3 planes in 1 and 2 might indicate a disorder due to small deviations from planarity. The S—N bond lengths were found to be 150.4 (1) and 151.5 pm (2, mean).
    Notes: Die Strukturen der Titelverbindungen wurden aus Diffraktometer-Einkristalldaten (gemessen bei -130°C) bestimmt und zu ungewichteten R-Werten von 0.034 für (R3SiN)3S )(1) und 0.047 für (R3CN)3S (2)verfeinert. 2 kristallisiert triklin, P1. Und 1 hexagonal, P63/m. In beiden Strukturen wird eine trigonal planare Koordination des zentralen Schwefelatoms beobachtet, doch deuten die relativ großen Koeffizienten der anisotropen Temperaturfaktoren senkrecht zu den SN3-Ebenen in 1 und 2 auf eine Fehlordnung als Folge geringer Abweichungen von der Planarität in den einzelnen Molekülen hin. Die S—N-Abstände betragen 150.4 pm (1) und 151.5 pm (2, Mittelwert).
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  • 96
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 1743-1750 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The Reactivity-Selectivity Principle, 4. Selectivity of Alkyl Radicals in Competition System BrCCl3/CCl4Alkyl radicals were generated from alkylmercuric salts 1 and peresters 4. Their reactions in competition system BrCCl3/CCl4 show that at 273 and 403 K the sequences of radical selectivities are completely reversed. At 273 K the methyl radical is the least selective but at 403 K it is the most selective alkyl radical of table 1. The isoselective temperature lies in the region of 340 K. The reason of this is the opposing influence on activation enthalpies and activation entropies. With increasing alkylation of the radicals, activation enthalpies enlarge but activation entropies reduce the selectivities (table 2). The differences of radical selectivities are governed below the isoselective temperature by variation of activation enthalpies and above the isoselective temperature by variation of activation entropies.
    Notes: Alkyl-Radikale wurden aus Alkylquecksilbersalzen 1 und Perestern 4 erzeugt. Ihre Reaktionen im BrCCl3/CCl4-Konkurrenzsystem zeigen, daß bei 273 und 403 K die Selektivitätsreihenfolge der Radikale einander genau entgegengesetzt ist. Während bei 273 K das Methyl-Radikal das am wenigsten selektive Radikal ist, besitzt es bei 403 K die größte Selektivität aller Alkyl-Radikale der Tab. 1. Die isoselektive Temperatur liegt im Bereich von 340 K Ursache für dieses Verhalten ist der gegenläufige Einfluß auf die Aktivierungsenthalpien und Aktivierungsentropien. Mit zunehmender Alkylierung der Radikale führen die Aktivierungsenthalpien. Zu einer Vergrößerung, die Aktivierungsentropien jedoch zu einer Verkleinerung der Radikalselektivitäten (s. Tab. 2). Unterhalb der isoselektiven Temperatur werden die Unterschiede der Radikalselektivitäten von den Änderungen der Aktivierungsenthalpien, oberhalb der isoselektiven Temperatur von den Änderungen der Aktivierungsentropien bestimmt.
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  • 97
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 1756-1762 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Elimination of Olefins from Iminotriorganylphosphoranes in Liquid Ammonia SolutionIn the presence of potassium amide some iminotriorganylphosphoranes (1,2,5-7) react under elimination of olefins. The mechanism of this reaction is discussed.
    Notes: Bei Einwirkung von Kaliumamid in flüssigem Ammoniak spalten einige Iminotriorganylphosphorane (1,2,5-7) im Sinne einer Eliminierungsreaktion Olefin ab. Der Reaktionsmechanismus wird diskutiert.
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  • 98
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 1763-1768 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Reactions involving Hydrogen Transfer, III. Hydrogen-Transfer Between o,o′-Bridged Tetraarylethylenes and DiarylmethanesThermal hydrogen transfer between o,o′-bridged diarylmethanes and o,o′-bridged tetraarylethylenes leads to reduction of the ethylenes and to dimerization and dehydrogenation of the diarylmethanes (equ. (1)-(5)). The ethylene 1 reacts with 9,10-dihydroanthracene (15) to form 3 and anthracene (16)[equ. (6)]. The principles of these reaction are discussed.
    Notes: Bei der thermischen Wasserstoffübertragung zwischen o,o′-überbrückten Diarylmethanen und o,o′-überbrückten Tetraarylethylenen werden die eingesetzten Ethylene hydriert und die Diarylmethane dehydrierend dimerisiert (Gleichungen (1)-(5)). Das Ethylen 1 und 9, 10-Dihydroanthracen (15) liefern nach (6) 3 und Anthracen (16) Die Grundlagen dieser Reaktion werden diskutiert.
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  • 99
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 1779-1784 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Organometalphosphine-substituted Transition Metal Complexes, XXIV. Organoelement(IVb)-phosphine Derivatives of OctacarbonyldicobaltOctacarbonyldicobalt (1) reacts with (t-C4H9)3P (2), (t-C4H9)2PH (3), [(CH3)3Si]3P (4),[(CH3)3Ge]3P (5) [(CH3)3Sn]3P (6) and (t-C4H9)2[(CH3)3Si]P (7) with displacement of two CO ligands and formation of corresponding hexacarbonyldi(organoelement)IVb)-phosphine)-cobalt complexes. The vibrational and NMR spectra of the new compounds are discussed.
    Notes: Octacarbonyldicobalt (1) reagiert mit (t-C4H9)3P (2), (t-C4H9)2PH (3), [(CH3)3Si]3P (4), [(CH3)3 Ge]3P (5), [(CH3)3Sn]3P (6) und (t-C4H9)2[(CH3)3Si]P (7) unter Abspaltung von zwei CO-Liganden und Bildung entsprechender Hexacarbonyldi(organoelement(IVb)-phosphan)-cobalt-Komplexe. Die Schwingungs- und Kernresonanzspektren der neuen Verbindungen werden diskutiert.
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  • 100
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 1769-1778 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Thiirenes as Intermediates in the Thermolysis of 1,2,3-ThiadiazolesThermolysis of the isomeric thiadiazoles 1a or 1b in moist 2,2′-oxydiethanol (3) yields the ketone 6, the thiophene 7, the alkyne 8, and the disulfide 11, the structure of which was determined by an X-ray analysis. In the presence of diphenylacetylene (15) 1a and 1b react to give the thiophenes 16a and 16b in the same ratio. This implies that the primary products of thermolysis, the 1,3-diradicals 13, can be trapped by alkynes. The formation of identical thiophenes from isomeric thiadiazoles 1 can be understood in terms of an equilibrium between the primary fragments 13 via the thiirene 14. Similarly, the ketone 6 seems not to result from 8 but from 14.
    Notes: Bei der Thermolyse der stellungsisomeren Thiadiazole 1a oder 1b in feuchtem 2,2′-Oxydiethanol (3) entstehen das Keton 6, das Thiophen 7, das Alkin 8 und das durch eine Röntgenstrukturanalyse eindeutig aufgeklärte dimere Disulfid 11. In Gegenwart von Diphenylacetylen (15) bilden sich aus 1a und 1b die Thiophene 16a und 16b im selben Verhältnis. Die bei der Thermolyse zunächst entstehenden 1,3-Diradikale 13 können demnach durch Alkine abgefangen werden. Die Bildung identischer Thiophene aus isomeren Thiadiazolen 1 läß sich durch ein Gleichgewicht der Primärfragmente 13 verstehen, das sich über das Thiiren 14 einstellt. Auch das Keton 6 scheint nicht aus 8, sondern aus 14 zu entstehen.
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