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  • Articles  (981)
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (849)
  • Female  (132)
  • 1980-1984  (981)
  • 1925-1929
  • 1980  (981)
Collection
  • Articles  (981)
Years
  • 1980-1984  (981)
  • 1925-1929
Year
  • 1
    Publication Date: 1980-02-08
    Description: Treatment of a patient deficient in carbamyl phosphate synthetase with benzoate or phenylacetic acid resulted in an increase in urinary nitrogen, which could be accounted for by the respective amino acid acylation product, hippurate or phenylacetylgultamine. Benzoate treatment of four hyperammonemic comatose patients led to clinical improvement and a return of plasma ammonium levels toward normal.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brusilow, S -- Tinker, J -- Batshaw, M L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 8;207(4431):659-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6243418" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors/*drug therapy ; Amino Acids/blood ; Ammonia/blood ; Benzoates/*therapeutic use ; Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase (Ammonia)/*deficiency ; Child ; Female ; Glutamine/metabolism ; Glycine/metabolism ; Hippurates/urine ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Nitrogen/blood ; *Ornithine Carbamoyltransferase Deficiency Disease ; Phenylacetates/*therapeutic use ; Phosphotransferases/*deficiency
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-08-01
    Description: Newborn infants, chronically exposed in utero to low doses of methadone with or without concomitant heroin, display more rapid eye movement sleep and less quiet sleep than control infants, while babies fetally exposed to both opiates and nonopiates have less organization of sleep states. Other perinatal factors, such as birth weight and gestational age, are related more to the amount of fetal drug exposure than to the type.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dinges, D F -- Davis, M M -- Glass, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 1;209(4456):619-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7190326" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Birth Weight ; Female ; Heroin/*adverse effects ; Heroin Dependence/drug therapy ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Newborn, Diseases/*chemically induced ; Maternal-Fetal Exchange ; Methadone/*adverse effects/therapeutic use ; Nervous System Diseases/*chemically induced ; Pregnancy ; Sleep/*drug effects ; Substance-Related Disorders
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 1980-05-02
    Description: The highly selective, enzyme-activated, irreversible inhibitor of L-ornithine decarboxylase, DL-alpha-difluoromethylornithine, suppresses the increase in uterine L-ornithine decarboxylase activity associated with early embryogenesis in the mouse and arrests embryonic development at that stage. Contragestational effects were confirmed in the rat and rabbit. An increase in L-ornithine decarboxylase activity that leads to a rapid increase in putrescine concentration appears to be essential during a critical period after implantation for continued mammalian embryonal growth.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fozard, J R -- Part, M L -- Prakash, N J -- Grove, J -- Schechter, P J -- Sjoerdsma, A -- Koch-Weser, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 2;208(4443):505-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6768132" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosylmethionine Decarboxylase/metabolism ; Animals ; Carboxy-Lyases/*physiology ; Eflornithine ; Embryo, Mammalian/drug effects/*physiology ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Mice ; Ornithine/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Ornithine Decarboxylase/*physiology ; Ornithine Decarboxylase Inhibitors ; Polyamines/metabolism ; Pregnancy ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Uterus/drug effects/*metabolism
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 1980-11-07
    Description: An analog of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone containing a gamma-lactam as a conformational constraint has been prepared with the use of a novel cyclization of a methionine sulfonium salt. The analog is more active as a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist that the parent hormone, and provides evidence for a bioactive conformation containing a beta-turn.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Freidinger, R M -- Veber, D F -- Perlow, D S -- Brooks, J R -- Saperstein, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Nov 7;210(4470):656-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7001627" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Biological Assay ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; *Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/analogs & derivatives ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Lactams ; Protein Conformation ; Rats ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 1980-04-25
    Description: In BALB/c female mice with melanoma transplants, the incidence of "takes" is decreased and survival is increased by hydroquinone, a melanocytolytic agent. The mechanism of drug action is suggested by via DNA. The significant and high degree of positive response to hydroquinone treatment in vivo is encouraging for the clinical management of melanoma with melanocytolytic agents.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chavin, W -- Jelonek, E J Jr -- Reed, A H -- Binder, L R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Apr 25;208(4442):408-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7367868" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Hydroquinones/metabolism/*therapeutic use ; Melanocytes/metabolism ; Melanoma/*drug therapy ; Mice ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
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  • 6
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-11-07
    Description: Lanosterol, a cholesterol precursor that increases considerably in the platelets of rats treated with oral contraceptives, was incubated with either platelet-rich plasma or washed platelet suspension. After 2 minutes there was a remarkable dose-related increase in platelet activity. This platelet hyperactivity was measured by clotting time and platelet aggregation could not be reproduced by cholesterol or ethinylestradiol.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ciavatti, M -- Dumont, E -- Benoit, C -- Renaud, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Nov 7;210(4470):642-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7433990" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blood Coagulation/*drug effects ; Blood Platelets/*drug effects ; Contraceptives, Oral/*pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Lanosterol/*pharmacology ; Platelet Aggregation/*drug effects ; Rats
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  • 7
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-03-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 21;207(4437):1323-5, 1327-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7188816" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Environment ; Female ; Genetics, Medical ; Humans ; Intelligence ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Twins/*psychology ; Twins, Monozygotic/*psychology
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  • 8
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-10-10
    Description: Tumor cell membrane glycoproteins may be involved in the induction of tumor immunity or in the escape of tumors from immunologic defense mechanisms. Forty-four benign and malignant breast lesions were examined for the presence of a carbohydrate precursor antigen (T antigen) of the human blood group system MN. T antigen was demonstrated by means of an immunohistochemical technique to detect tissue binding of peanut agglutinin, a plant lectin, with affinity for T antigen. Malignant breast lesions showed a pattern of T antigen expression different from that of benign breast tissues. A possible role for T antigen in the modulation of the immune response to breast carcinoma is suggested.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Howard, D R -- Batsakis, J G -- IR23 CA 28128-01/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Oct 10;210(4466):201-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6997995" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antibody Formation ; *Antigens, Neoplasm ; Arachis ; Breast Neoplasms/*immunology/ultrastructure ; Cytoplasm/immunology ; Female ; Glycoproteins/immunology ; Humans ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Lectins ; MNSs Blood-Group System ; Plant Lectins
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 1980-05-09
    Description: Olfactory sensitivity to acetic acid, isobutyric acid, and 2-sec-butyl-cyclohexanone was tested in 97 adult male twin pairs to determine the extent to which variation in odor perception was genetically determined. Analysis of the data revealed no evidence for heritability of olfactory sensitivity. However, factors significantly associated with odor perception included cigar, pipe, and cigarette smoking; body fatness; alcohol consumption; and diabetes mellitus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hubert, H B -- Fabsitz, R R -- Feinleib, M -- Brown, K S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 9;208(4444):607-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7189296" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetates ; Adult ; Alcohol Drinking ; Butyrates ; Cyclohexanones ; *Environment ; Female ; *Genes ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pregnancy ; Sensory Thresholds ; Skinfold Thickness ; Smell/*physiology ; Smoking ; *Twins ; Twins, Dizygotic ; Twins, Monozygotic
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 1980-11-21
    Description: A hormonally defined medium was used to isolate a homogeneous epithelioid cell population from canine kidney. Monolayers of these cells form domes, an indication of active ion transport, and this process is inhibited by ouabain. This technique allows the isolation of primary cultures of renal epithelial cells, free of fibroblasts, for the characterization of biochemical and physiological properties related to renal function.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jefferson, D M -- Cobb, M H -- Gennaro, J F Jr -- Scott, W N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Nov 21;210(4472):912-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7434005" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Transport, Active ; Cell Adhesion ; Cells, Cultured ; Culture Media ; Dogs ; Epithelium/metabolism ; Female ; Kidney/*cytology ; Male ; Sodium/metabolism
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  • 11
    Publication Date: 1980-11-21
    Description: Rats and guinea pigs, when immunized with mouse nerve growth factor, produce antibodies that cross-react with their own nerve growth factor. The antibodies reach developing offspring of these animals both prenatally (rats and guinea pigs) and postnatally (rats). Depriving the fetus of nerve growth factor in this way results in the destruction of up to 85 percent of dorsal root ganglion neurons as well as destruction of sympathetic neurons. Sensory neurons of placodal origin in the nodose ganglion were not affected. These data demonstrate that dorsal root ganglion neurons go through a phase of nerve growth factor dependence in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Johnson, E M Jr -- Gorin, P D -- Brandeis, L D -- Pearson, J -- HD12260/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HL20604/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Nov 21;210(4472):916-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7192014" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Antibodies ; Female ; Ganglia, Spinal/cytology/*embryology/growth & development ; Guinea Pigs ; Lactation ; Maternal-Fetal Exchange ; Milk/immunology ; Nerve Growth Factors/*immunology ; Pregnancy ; Rats
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  • 12
    Publication Date: 1980-10-31
    Description: Treatment of pregnant rats with reserpine prevented the normal disappearance of catecholamine fluorescence in presumptive neuroblasts of the embryonic gut. These cells normally express the noradrenergic phenotype transiently during embryonic development. The effect of reserpine was reproduced by treating mothers with hydrocortisone acetate. Moreover, the reserpine effect was blocked by treatment with dexamethasone, which inhibits the stress-induced increase in plasma glucocorticoids, and by mitotone, which causes adrenocortical cytolysis. It is concluded that reserpine, through the mediation of maternal glucocorticoid hormones, alters the phenotypic expression of these embryonic neuroblasts.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jonakait, G M -- Bohn, M C -- Black, I B -- HD 12108/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- NS 06400/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS 10259/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Oct 31;210(4469):551-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7423206" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Catecholamines/metabolism ; Female ; Hydrocortisone/*pharmacology ; Intestines/*embryology/innervation ; Maternal-Fetal Exchange ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Animal/*drug effects ; Rats ; Reserpine/*pharmacology ; Sympathetic Nervous System/*embryology
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  • 13
    Publication Date: 1980-04-11
    Description: A high-molecular-weight protein with beta-endorphin- and adrenocorticotropin-immunoreactivities was isolated from extracts of human placenta after several purification steps, including immunoadsorption with a well-characterized antiserum raised to beta-endorphin. This protein was identified as the heavy chain of the human immunoglobulin class IgG1. These results have led to the recognition of homologies in the amino acid sequences of these physiologically unrelated molecules. They also suggest caution in accepting immunological competence as the sole criterion of the chemical identity of a ligand.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Julliard, J H -- Shibasaki, T -- Ling, N -- Guillemin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Apr 11;208(4440):183-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6244620" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Endorphins/*analysis ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G/*analysis ; Placental Extracts/*analysis ; Pregnancy ; Radioimmunoassay ; beta-Endorphin
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  • 14
    Publication Date: 1980-04-25
    Description: The patterns of the occurrence of breast cancer in 11 high-risk families were evaluated by segregation and linkage analysis. These patterns were consistent with the hypothesis that increased susceptibility to breast cancer was inherited as an autosomal dominant allele with high penetrance in women. The postulated susceptibility allele in these families may be chromosomally linked to the glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (E.C. 2.6.1.2, alanine aminotransferase) locus. Confirmation of this linkage in other families would establish the existence of a gene increasing susceptibility to breast cancer. Since there is no association in the general population between a woman's glutamate-pyruvate transaminase genotype and her cancer risk, the glutamate-pyruvate transaminase linkage cannot be used as a screening test for breast cancer.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉King, M C -- Go, R C -- Elston, R C -- Lynch, H T -- Petrakis, N L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Apr 25;208(4442):406-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7367867" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alanine Transaminase/*genetics ; Alleles ; Breast Neoplasms/*genetics/transmission ; Female ; Genes ; Genetic Linkage ; Humans ; Pedigree ; X Chromosome
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  • 15
    Publication Date: 1980-08-29
    Description: In kidney proximal tubules of male mice the mitochondria are larger and more electron-lucent, autophagic vacuoles and lysosomes (predominantly myeloid bodies) more numerous and voluminous, and exocytosed intraluminal myeloid bodies more common than in females. Males also have higher kidney activities of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase and lysosomal hydrolases, and excrete larger quantities of hydrolases and protein in the urine. Orchiectomy evokes the feminine pattern whereas testosterone administration induces the male pattern. Endogenous testosterone modulates mitochondrial structure and function and enhances the activity of the lysosomal-vacuolar system in proximal tubule cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Koenig, H -- Goldstone, A -- Blume, G -- Lu, C Y -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 29;209(4460):1023-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7403864" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Castration ; Enzymes/urine ; Female ; Kidney/drug effects ; Kidney Tubules, Proximal/*ultrastructure ; Lysosomes/drug effects/enzymology ; Male ; Mice ; Mitochondria/drug effects/enzymology ; Organ Size/drug effects ; Sex Differentiation/*drug effects ; Testosterone/*pharmacology
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  • 16
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-10-31
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Oct 31;210(4469):518-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7423201" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced/*etiology ; Dicyclomine ; Doxylamine/*adverse effects ; Drug Combinations/adverse effects ; Drug Evaluation ; Female ; Humans ; Jurisprudence ; Pregnancy ; Pyridines/*adverse effects ; Pyridoxine/*adverse effects ; United States ; United States Food and Drug Administration
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  • 17
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-09-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Sep 12;209(4462):1216-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6157193" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abortion, Therapeutic/standards ; Female ; Genetic Diseases, Inborn ; Government Regulation ; Great Britain ; Humans ; Neural Tube Defects/*diagnosis ; Pregnancy ; *Pregnant Women ; *Prenatal Diagnosis ; Reagent Kits, Diagnostic ; Social Justice ; Spina Bifida Occulta/diagnosis ; United States ; Voluntary Programs ; alpha-Fetoproteins/analysis
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  • 18
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-07-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 25;209(4455):475-6, 478-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7394512" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Anorexia Nervosa ; Female ; *Human Experimentation ; Humans ; *Jurisprudence ; Lithium ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Patient Selection ; *Research ; *Research Subjects ; Sleep ; United States ; Vomiting
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  • 19
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-04-04
    Description: A spontaneous B cell leukemia (BCL1) grew progressively in normal BALB/c mice after injection of tumor cells but did not grow in splenectomized recipients. Despite the absence of progressive tumor growth, residual tumor cells with malignant potential were found in the peripheral blood of the splenectomized animals. Splenectomy performed after injection of tumor cells but before the development of marked leukocytosis also prevented progressive tumor growth and death of the host. Thus the spleen appears to be necessary for progressive proliferation of this lymphocytic leukemia early after passage in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kotzin, B L -- Strober, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Apr 4;208(4439):59-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6965803" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; B-Lymphocytes/*pathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Leukemia, Experimental/etiology/physiopathology ; Leukemia, Lymphoid/*etiology/physiopathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Spleen/*physiology ; Splenectomy
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  • 20
    Publication Date: 1980-08-15
    Description: The antihistaminic over-the-counter drug methapyrilene hydrochloride, mixed with food at a concentration of 0.1 percent, was administered to 50 male and 50 female Fischer rats. A second group of 50 male and 50 female rats was given the same treatment together with 0.2 percent of sodium nitrite added to the food. Almost all of the rats in both groups developed liver neoplasms, mainly hepatocellular carcinomas and cholangiocarcinomas. The first rat died with a liver neoplasm at the 43rd week. Over 50 percent of the rats in both groups had metastases from the carcinomas of the liver to distant organs. Control rats treated with nitrite only, or untreated, did not develop liver neoplasms. There was no discernible effect of nitrite on the carcinogenicity of methapyrilene hydrochloride.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lijinsky, W -- Reuber, M D -- Blackwell, B N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 15;209(4458):817-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7403848" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aminopyridines/*toxicity ; Animals ; *Carcinogens ; Drug Interactions ; Female ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/*chemically induced/pathology ; Male ; Methapyrilene/*toxicity ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Nitrites ; Rats
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  • 21
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-06-13
    Description: Sympathetic axons, normally innervating the extracerebral vasculature, sprout into denervated regions of the hippocampal formation after lesions of the medial septal nucleus or fimbria in adult female rats. Similar lesions in adult males also elicit the sympathetic ingrowth; however, the number of anomalous axons is greatly reduced and their distribution is altered. In adult males the sympathetic axons do not send out collaterals within the stratum oriens of region CA3 or the molecular layer or deep hilar regions of the area dentata, as they do in adult females. Lesions in juveniles of both sexes result in more vigorous sprouting than in their adult counterparts. In the young males the anomalous axons are distributed more extensively into the dentate molecular layer; in the young females the axons merely send out more collaterals within the same regions as in the adults. This sexually dimorphic response to central nervous system damage suggests either that the sprouting is affected by the hormonal environment of the mature hippocampal system or that this brain region, like the hypothalamus, may express permanent morphological or physiological differences as a result of exposure to sex steroids during development.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Loy, R -- Milner, T A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jun 13;208(4449):1282-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7375941" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging ; Animals ; Axons/growth & development ; Denervation ; Female ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones/physiology ; Hippocampus/*cytology ; Male ; Neural Pathways/cytology ; Rats ; *Sex ; Sympathetic Nervous System/*cytology/growth & development
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  • 22
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-12-12
    Description: Bright artificial light suppressed nocturnal secretion of melatonin in six normal human subjects. Room light of less intensity, which is sufficient to suppress melatonin secretion in other mammals, failed to do so in humans. In contrast to the results of previous experiments in which ordinary room light was used, these findings establish that the human response to light is qualitatively similar to that of other mammals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewy, A J -- Wehr, T A -- Goodwin, F K -- Newsome, D A -- Markey, S P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Dec 12;210(4475):1267-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7434030" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Circadian Rhythm ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Female ; Humans ; *Light ; Male ; Melatonin/*secretion ; Pineal Gland/secretion ; Secretory Rate
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  • 23
    Publication Date: 1980-03-07
    Description: Nuclear receptors for both estradiol and progesterone were present in twofold higher concentrations in implantation sites than in nonimplantation regions of the endometrium of 6-day pregnant rats. Decidualization in the absence of an embryo was not accompanied by a similar increase in the concentration of nuclear receptors. Moreover, this difference in receptor distribution between the implantation and nonimplantation areas persisted when a major part of the maternal supply of sex steroids was suppressed by ovariectomy on day 5 of pregnancy. These results support the hypothesis that steroids originating from the embryo affect the endometrial implantation site.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Logeat, F -- Sartor, P -- Hai, M T -- Milgrom, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 7;207(4435):1083-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7355273" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blastocyst/*metabolism ; Castration ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Decidua/metabolism ; Endometrium/*metabolism/ultrastructure ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Pregnancy ; Pseudopregnancy ; Rats ; Receptors, Estrogen/*metabolism ; Receptors, Progesterone/*metabolism
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  • 24
    Publication Date: 1980-08-29
    Description: The development of gap junctions between insulin-containing B cells was quantitatively analyzed in islets of Langerhans isolated from rats treated with the sulfonylurea glibenclamid for 1, 2, or 7 days. Glibenclamid treatment was associated with a marked depletion of the insulin content of B cells and with an increase in the number and size of gap junctions between these cells. A significance correlation was found between these two events.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Meda, P -- Halban, P -- Perrelet, A -- Renold, A E -- Orci, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 29;209(4460):1026-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6773144" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Communication/drug effects ; Female ; Freeze Fracturing ; Glyburide/*pharmacology ; Insulin/*metabolism ; Intercellular Junctions/drug effects/*ultrastructure ; Islets of Langerhans/drug effects/metabolism/*ultrastructure ; Rats
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  • 25
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-02-15
    Description: Autoradiographic and biochemical analyses of the hearts of female rhesus monkeys and baboons indicate that atrial and ventricular myocardial cells contain androgen receptors. Although the specific effects of nuclear uptake and retention of androgen on the function of heart muscle cells are not known, the presence of this receptor suggests that sex steroid hormones may affect myocardial function directly and may explain some of the peculiar differences in heart disease between men and women.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McGill, H C Jr -- Anselmo, V C -- Buchanan, J M -- Sheridan, P J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 15;207(4432):775-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6766222" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Androgens/*metabolism ; Animals ; Coronary Disease/*etiology ; Dihydrotestosterone/metabolism ; Estradiol/metabolism ; Female ; Haplorhini ; Kinetics ; Macaca mulatta ; Myocardium/*metabolism ; Papio ; Receptors, Androgen/*metabolism ; Receptors, Steroid/*metabolism ; Sex Factors
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  • 26
    Publication Date: 1980-05-30
    Description: Cloned repetitive DNA sequences were used to determine the number of homologous RNA transcripts in the eggs of two sea urchin species, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus and S. franciscanus. The eggs of these species contain different amounts of RNA, and their genomes contain different numbers of copies of the cloned repeats. The specific pattern of repetitive sequence representation in the two egg RNA's is nonetheless quantitatively similar. The evolutionary conservation of this pattern suggests the functional importance of repeat sequence expression.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Moore, G P -- Costantini, F D -- Posakony, J W -- Davidson, E H -- Britten, R J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 30;208(4447):1046-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6154974" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Biological Evolution ; DNA, Recombinant ; Female ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Ovum/physiology ; Plasmids ; RNA/*genetics ; Sea Urchins/*genetics ; Species Specificity ; Transcription, Genetic
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  • 27
    Publication Date: 1980-01-18
    Description: The epithelium of the hamster trachea in organ culture undergoes hyperplasia and squamous metaplasia after exposure to the amphibole types of asbestos, crocidolite and amosite. These changes are inhibited when the synthetic vitamin A analog, retinyl methyl ether, is incorporated into the culture medium. These findings suggest a possible use for retinoids in the prevention and treatment of respiratory tract disease associated with environmental exposure to asbestos.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mossman, B T -- Craighead, J E -- MacPherson, B V -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jan 18;207(4428):311-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7350661" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Asbestos/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Cell Division/drug effects ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/*drug effects ; Cricetinae ; Epithelium/pathology ; Female ; Metaplasia ; Organ Culture Techniques ; Trachea/*drug effects/pathology ; Vitamin A/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology
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  • 28
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-04-18
    Description: High mortality rate in rats with large medial preoptic lesions discourage their use in studies of brain function. However, virtually all such animals (six out of seven) survived indefinitely if kept at an ambient temperature of 15 degrees C for 2 hours before and 10 to 12 hours after the lesions were made. Although these rats appeared otherwise healthy, they could not maintain normal both temperatures in short-term cold tests. In contrast, five of the nine rats kept at 25 degrees C died within 10 hours after the operation, and three more died within 5 days. Rats kept at 25 degrees C had a much higher incidence of cardiac arrhythmias than did rats kept at 15 degrees C, which may be responsible for their higher moratlity rates.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nagel, J A -- Satinoff, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Apr 18;208(4441):301-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7367860" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Body Temperature Regulation ; Brain/physiology ; *Cold Temperature ; Female ; Heart Rate ; Hypothalamus/*physiology ; Male ; Motor Activity/physiology ; Oxygen Consumption ; Preoptic Area/*physiology/surgery ; Rats ; Vasoconstriction
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  • 29
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-08-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nelson, C A -- Horowitz, F D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 15;209(4458):834.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7403852" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anthropometry ; Emotions ; *Facial Expression ; Female ; *Functional Laterality ; Humans ; Male
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  • 30
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-08-08
    Description: Ethanol (ethyl alcohol) potentiates the inhibition of cortical neurons by gamma-aminobutyric acid. This effect is specific, since ethanol does not potentiate inhibiton by glycine, serotonin, or dopamine. These results have implications for alcoholism because (i) gamma-aminobutyric acid mediates anxiolytic mechanisms, and (ii) anxiety is implicated in the etiology of alcoholism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nestoros, J N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 8;209(4457):708-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7394531" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Cerebral Cortex/drug effects/*physiology ; Drug Synergism ; Electric Conductivity ; Electric Stimulation ; Ethanol/*pharmacology ; Female ; Male ; Neurons/drug effects/*physiology ; Serotonin/pharmacology ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/*pharmacology
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  • 31
    Publication Date: 1980-03-21
    Description: The interplay of insulin, cortisol, and prolactin induces synthesis of casein and alpha-lactalbumin in cultured mammary explants from mature virgin mice. A striking difference has been found between the optimal concentrations of cortisol required for maximal induction of the two milk proteins in vitro: 3 x 10(-8) molar for alpha-lactalbumin and 3 x 10(-6) molar for casein. Moreover, 10(-7) to 10(-5) molar cortisol caused progressive inhibition of alpha-lactalbumin accumulation. Such differential actions of cortisol may partly account for the asynchronous synthesis of the two proteins during pregnancy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ono, M -- Oka, T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 21;207(4437):1367-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6986657" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Caseins/*biosynthesis ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Interactions ; Female ; Hydrocortisone/*pharmacology ; Insulin/pharmacology ; Lactalbumin/*biosynthesis ; Mammary Glands, Animal/drug effects/*metabolism ; Mice ; Organ Culture Techniques ; Pregnancy ; Prolactin/pharmacology
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  • 32
    Publication Date: 1980-05-02
    Description: A striking inverse correlation was found in umbilical cord plasma between the concentrations of dehydroisoandrosterone sulfate and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol but not high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol or very low density lipoprotein-cholesterol. Dehydroisoandrosterone sulfate is a major secretory product of the human fetal adrenal and the principal precursor of placental estrogen production. The data suggest that the concentrations for LDL-cholesterol in fetal plasma are influenced by the rate of utilization of LDL-cholesterol by the fetal adrenal for steroidogenesis and are not necessarily related to a genetic predisposition for hypercholesterolemia or other lipoprotein disorders.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Parker, C R Jr -- Simpson, E R -- Bilheimer, D W -- Leveno, K -- Carr, B R -- MacDonald, P C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 2;208(4443):512-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6445079" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenal Cortex/metabolism ; Adrenal Cortex Hormones/secretion ; Cholesterol/*blood ; Dehydroepiandrosterone/*analogs & derivatives/blood/metabolism ; Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate ; Female ; Fetal Blood/*analysis ; Humans ; Hypertension/metabolism ; Lipoproteins, LDL/*blood/metabolism ; Maternal-Fetal Exchange ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular/metabolism
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  • 33
    Publication Date: 1980-05-30
    Description: A synthetic peptide, representing a portion of the 16K (16,000 dalton)-fragment sequence within the pro-adrenocorticotropin/endorphin precursor molecule, potentiates the steroidogenic action of the 1 to 24 portion of adrenocorticotropin [ACTH(1-24)] on the rat adrenal cortex. The peptide has 27 amino acid residues and consists of gamma-melanotropin with a carboxyl terminal extension. It affects both the inner and outer adrenocortical zones of hypophysectomized animals, as evidenced by a synergistic augmentation of corticosterone and aldosterone production, respectively. The peptide can be distinguished from adrenocorticotropin by its activation of cholesterol ester hydrolase and its failure to stimulate cholesterol side-chain cleavage.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pedersen, R C -- Brownie, A C -- Ling, N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 30;208(4447):1044-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6246578" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenal Cortex/*drug effects/metabolism ; Adrenal Cortex Hormones/*biosynthesis ; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/*pharmacology ; Aldosterone/biosynthesis ; Animals ; Corticosterone/biosynthesis ; Endorphins/pharmacology ; Female ; Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormones/*pharmacology ; Molecular Weight ; Peptide Fragments/*pharmacology ; Protein Precursors/pharmacology ; Rats ; Sterol Esterase/metabolism
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  • 34
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-10-17
    Description: Extended treatment of rats with lithium inhibits the increase in the number of extrajunctional acetylcholine receptors that occurs in their denervated skeletal muscle. In normal muscle, lithium reduces the number of acetylcholine receptors at neuromuscular junctions. These changes appear to be a relatively specific effect of lithium on the turnover of receptors. Skeletal muscle provides an accessible system for analyzing the role of lithium (and other cations) in the regulation of cell surface receptors. This regulation may play a role in the mechanism by which lithium prevents recurrent manic-depressive episodes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pestronk, A -- Drachman, D B -- 5P01-NS10920/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- 5R01-HD04817/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Oct 17;210(4467):342-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7423198" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylcholine/metabolism ; Animals ; Female ; Lithium/*pharmacology ; Muscle Denervation ; Muscles/*drug effects/metabolism ; Neuromuscular Junction/drug effects ; Rats ; Receptors, Cholinergic/*metabolism
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  • 35
    Publication Date: 1980-01-04
    Description: Freshly ejaculated, noncapacitated boar sperm bind rapidly and in large numbers to pig egg zona pellucida in vitro. In the present study, the number of sperm bound decreased sharply when sperm motility was lowered by energy poisons or by reducing the temperature. Highly motile sperm from humans, guinea pigs, and rats, added at concentrations ten times higher than control sperm, did not bind to the porcine zona. At the same high concentration, a small number of hamster and bull sperm bound to the zona. Binding of boar sperm to the zona pellucida was blocked almost completely by diluted whole antiserum to sperm plasma membranes and by univalent (Fab) antibody to these membranes. When antibody to sperm plasma membrane was first absorbed with plasma membrane vesicles, sperm binding was not inhibited. These results provide direct evidence for the existence of sperm plasma membrane receptors for the zona pellucida of the pig.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Peterson, R N -- Russell, L -- Bundman, D -- Freund, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jan 4;207(4426):73-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7188647" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cattle ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Female ; *Fertilization ; Guinea Pigs ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments ; Male ; Ovum/*metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Drug/metabolism ; Species Specificity ; *Sperm-Ovum Interactions ; Spermatozoa/*metabolism ; Swine ; Zona Pellucida/*metabolism
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  • 36
    Publication Date: 1980-12-05
    Description: The lead content in the air at the foothills of the Himalayas in Nepal was found to be negligible. The concentration of lead in the blood of 103 children and adults living in this region was found to average 3.4 micrograms per deciliter, a level substantially lower than that found in industrialized populations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Piomelli, S -- Corash, L -- Corash, M B -- Seaman, C -- Mushak, P -- Glover, B -- Padgett, R -- ES-01104/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- ES-26437/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Dec 5;210(4474):1135-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7444442" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Air Pollutants/*analysis ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Environment ; Female ; Humans ; *Industry ; Lead/*blood ; Male ; Nepal
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  • 37
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-08-08
    Description: The growth of the MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line is unresponsive to the presence of estrogen in culture media. Paradoxically, in nude mice, growth of these cells and formation of solid tumors are dependent on estrogen. Tumors fail to develop in ovariectomized mice, but do develop in intact mice and in ovariectomized mice given estrogen. Primary cultures derived from MCF-7 tumors revert to unresponsiveness to estrogen. However, when these cultures are again transplanted into nude mice, estrogen is required for tumor formation. The continuous culture, the solid tumor, and the primary cultures therefrom have similar estrogen-binding capacities and affinities. These results indicate that mammary carcinoma cell growth in vivo is subject to inhibition that can be overcome by estrogen.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shafie, S M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 8;209(4457):701-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6994231" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Breast Neoplasms/metabolism/*physiopathology ; Castration ; Cell Division/drug effects ; Cell Line ; Cytosol/metabolism ; Estradiol/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Female ; Humans ; Insulin/pharmacology ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism ; Transplantation, Heterologous
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  • 38
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-03-28
    Description: Forty children were given a diet free of artificial food dyes and other additives for 5 days. Twenty of the children had been classified as hyperactive by scores on the Conners Rating Scale and were reported to have favorable responses to stimulant medication. A diagnosis of hyperactivity had been rejected in the other 20 children. Oral challenges with large doses (100 or 150 milligrams) of a blend of FD & C approved food dyes or placebo were administered on days 4 and 5 of the experiment. The performance of the hyperactive children on paired-associate learning tests on the day they received the dye blend was impaired relative to their performance after they received the placebo, but the performance of the nonhyperactive group was not affected by the challenge with the food dye blend.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Swanson, J M -- Kinsbourne, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 28;207(4438):1485-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7361102" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Child ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Food Coloring Agents/*pharmacology ; Humans ; Hyperkinesis/*physiopathology ; Learning/*drug effects ; Male ; Time Factors
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  • 39
    Publication Date: 1980-05-30
    Description: The expression of human esterase D was evaluated quantitatively and qualitatively in five persons with partial deletions or duplications of chromosome 13. The results showed that the locus of this enzyme is at band 13q14. Deletion of this same band in other subjects has been found previously to indicate a predisposition to the development of retinoblastoma, which was present in the four individuals in this study who had partial deletions of chromosome 13. Because of this close synteny, esterase D evaluation should aid in the diagnosis and genetic counseling of retinoblastoma.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sparkes, R S -- Sparkes, M C -- Wilson, M G -- Towner, J W -- Benedict, W -- Murphree, A L -- Yunis, J J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 30;208(4447):1042-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7375916" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosome Mapping ; *Chromosomes, Human, 13-15 ; Esterases/*genetics ; Female ; Genes ; Humans ; Intellectual Disability/enzymology/genetics ; Male ; Retinoblastoma/enzymology/*genetics
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  • 40
    Publication Date: 1980-08-22
    Description: The binding of [6-alanine]gonadotropin-releasing hormone to pituitary plasma membranes increased threefold between metestrus and early proestrus in female rats. Receptor numbers fell rapidly on the afternoon of proestrus coincident with the preovulatory gonadotropin surge. The numbers of receptors for gonadotropin-releasing hormone were positively correlated with concentrations of estradiol in serum; this pattern may be a necessary component of increased pituitary sensitivty to gonadotropin-releasing hormone observed during proestrus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Savoy-Moore, R T -- Schwartz, N B -- Duncan, J A -- Marshall, J C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 22;209(4459):942-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6250218" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Estradiol/blood ; *Estrus ; Feedback ; Female ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone/blood ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/analogs & derivatives/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Luteinizing Hormone/blood ; Pituitary Gland, Anterior/*metabolism ; Pregnancy ; Progesterone/blood ; Rats ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*metabolism
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  • 41
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-03-21
    Description: Phonemically similar syllables, differing only by temporal acoustic cues, were presented dichotically to investigate temporal processing mechanisms in hemispheric specialization for speech. Reducing the rate of acoustic change within syllables while keeping their phonemic characteristics constant significantly decreased the characteristic asymmetry in processing speech.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schwartz, J -- Tallal, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 21;207(4437):1380-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7355297" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Auditory Pathways/physiology ; Auditory Perception/*physiology ; Brain/*physiology ; Female ; *Functional Laterality ; Humans ; Linguistics ; Male ; Speech Perception/*physiology ; Time Factors
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  • 42
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-08-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 22;209(4459):877-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7403855" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abortion, Spontaneous/etiology ; China ; *Chromosome Aberrations ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; *Environmental Exposure ; Female ; Genetic Diseases, Inborn/*etiology ; Growth/radiation effects ; Humans ; *Maximum Allowable Concentration ; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced/epidemiology/etiology ; Pregnancy ; *Radiation, Ionizing
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  • 43
    Publication Date: 1980-08-01
    Description: Stage-specific changes in histone synthesis during sea urchin development reflect the expression of different sets of genes. The three kinds of blastomeres formed at the 16-cell stage are the earliest "determined" cells and fall into three distinct size classes. At this stage that cells synthesize only "early" histones. Such blastomeres can survive and divide in culture after being separated from the embryo, whether or not they are permitted to aggregate. With or without reaggregation, cultured progeny cells of each type of isolated blastomere perform the same changeover of histone synthesis as takes place in the intact embryo, that is, they begin spontaneously to synthesize a new set, the "late" histone variants. Normal contact relations among cells of the embryo are, therefore, not required for this programmed change in gene expression.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Arceci, R J -- Gross, P R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 1;209(4456):607-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7394523" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blastomeres/*metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA/metabolism ; DNA, Superhelical/metabolism ; Embryo, Nonmammalian/*metabolism ; Female ; *Genes ; Histones/*biosynthesis ; Nucleosomes/metabolism ; *Protein Biosynthesis ; Sea Urchins ; *Transcription, Genetic
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  • 44
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-06-06
    Description: Hydrophones implanted inside the intact amniotic sac recorded sounds available to fetal lambs. Unlike recordings made from outside the intact amnion in human subjects, sounds produced at levels similar to normal conversation from outside the ewe were picked up without masking by maternal cardiovascular sounds. Noises from inside the mother were intermittent and linked to her activity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Armitage, S E -- Baldwin, B A -- Vince, M A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jun 6;208(4448):1173-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7375927" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amnion/physiology ; Animals ; Audiometry/methods ; Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena ; Environment ; Female ; Sheep/*embryology ; *Sound
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  • 45
    Publication Date: 1980-10-31
    Description: A wide range of animals are able to orient toward home when subjected to displacement-release experiments. When comparable experiments are performed on blindfolded humans, a similar ability emerges. Such goal-orientation does not result from following the complete journey on a mental map, nor is it influenced by cloud cover. Bar magnets worn on the head do seem to exert an influence.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Baker, R R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Oct 31;210(4469):555-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7423208" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetics ; Male ; Orientation/*physiology
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  • 46
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-12-12
    Description: A substantial sex difference in mathematical reasoning ability (score on the mathematics test of the Scholastic Aptitude Test) in favor of boys was found in a study of 9927 intellectually gifted junior high school students. Our data contradict the hypothesis that differential course-taking accounts for observed sex differences in mathematical ability, but support the hypothesis that these differences are somewhat increased by environmental influences.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Benbow, C P -- Stanley, J C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Dec 12;210(4475):1262-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7434028" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Environment ; Female ; Humans ; Intelligence ; Logic ; Male ; Mathematics ; *Sex ; Sociology
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  • 47
    Publication Date: 1980-10-01
    Description: When the germ line of Drosophila males is destabilized by a syndrome known as hybrid dysgenesis, X-chromosome rearrangements are found in up to 10 percent of the gametes produced. Some of these aberrations are simple inversions, but many are complex multibreak rearrangements. Furthermore, most of the breakpoints fall into a few highly localized positions on the chromosome. These positions are mostly at points of intercalary heterochromatin and may vary from one strain to the next. the results suggest that they may represent points of insertion of mobile DNA sequences.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Berg, R -- Engels, W R -- Kreber, R A -- GM 07131/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM 22038/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Oct;210(4468):427-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6776625" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chromosome Inversion ; Chromosome Mapping ; DNA/genetics ; Drosophila melanogaster/*genetics ; Female ; Male ; Meiosis ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; *Sex Chromosomes ; Translocation, Genetic ; *X Chromosome
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  • 48
    Publication Date: 1980-10-31
    Description: Experiments were designed to test the hypothesis that pituitary hormones may be delivered directly to the brain. Concentrations of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in the plasma were determined in blood samles obtained simultaneously from the carotid artery, the sagittal sinus, and the jugular vein of three awake sheep. Seizures were induced electrically to stimulate ACTH secretion, and at precise intervals thereafter several simultaneous comparisons were made in each animal. In many of the post-seizure comparisons, the ACTH plasma concentrations within the sagital sinus exceeded those within the carotid artery as well as those within the jugular vein, indicating that this hormone was released from the pituitary and carried directly through capillary beds of brain to the venous blood within the sagittal sinus. The experiment was repeated in one hypophysectomized sheep and, in this animal, ACTH concentration in the plasma was reduced, but that in the sagittal sinus still was elevated after the seizure, an indication that some ACTH (or ACTH-like material) was released from the brain itself.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bergland, R -- Blume, H -- Hamilton, A -- Monica, P -- Paterson, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Oct 31;210(4469):541-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6252607" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/*blood ; Animals ; Blood-Brain Barrier ; Brain/*blood supply ; Carotid Arteries ; Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic/blood ; Female ; Hypophysectomy ; Jugular Veins ; Male ; Sheep ; Time Factors
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  • 49
    Publication Date: 1980-02-15
    Description: An abnormal extra band was found on the short arm of the X chromosome in a 46,XY female and in her 46,XY female fetal sibling. Despite presence of the intact Y chromosome, there was no evidence of testicular differentiation in either subject. Production of H-Y antigen was suppressed in both subjects. The data suggest that development of the mammalian testis requires a normal function of the X chromosome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bernstein, R -- Koo, G C -- Wachtel, S S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 15;207(4432):768-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7352285" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Female ; Gonadal Dysgenesis/*genetics ; Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XY/*genetics ; H-Y Antigen/analysis/genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Ovary/abnormalities/embryology ; Sex Chromosome Aberrations/*genetics ; *Sex Chromosomes ; Sex Determination Analysis ; Testis/embryology ; *X Chromosome
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  • 50
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-10-03
    Description: Suckling is the only behavior that is common among mammals. In newborn albino rats it is originally elicited by amniotic fluid deposited by the mother during parturition. Subsequent suckling is stimulated by saliva deposited on the nipples by the infant rats. Internal controls over the volume of milk suckled do not appear until infant rats are about 2 weeks of age at which time gastric distension, milk, systemic dehydration, and intestinal hormone cholecystokinin suppress milk intake derived through suckling. The development of controls over suckling appetite appears to parallel that of consummatory control. Until about 2 weeks of age infant rats choose to suckle a nonlactating nipple with the same frequency as a lactating nipple. Thereafter, the lactating nipple is unanimously chosen. These studies suggest differences and commonalities in the suckling behavior of laboratory rats and other mammals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Blass, E M -- Teicher, M H -- AM-18560/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Oct 3;210(4465):15-22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6997992" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animal Population Groups/*physiology ; Animals ; Animals, Suckling/*physiology ; Cholecystokinin/physiology ; Dehydration ; Feeding Behavior/physiology ; Female ; Food Deprivation ; Humans ; Instinct ; Lactation ; Lithium/pharmacology ; Maternal Behavior ; Pheromones ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Saliva ; Sucking Behavior/drug effects/*physiology ; Time Factors
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  • 51
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-05-09
    Description: Moderate chronic malnutrition has only a minor effect on fecundity (reproductive capacity), and the resulting effect on fertility (actural reproduction) is very small. Among the fecundity components examined here in noncontracepting populations, age at menarche and the duration of lactational amenorrhea appear to be the ones most affected by malnutrition. But from neither of those effects can a difference in fertility of more than a few percent be expected between poorly and well-nourished women in developing countries.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bongaarts, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 9;208(4444):564-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7367878" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abortion, Induced ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Behavior ; Birth Intervals ; Contraception ; Female ; *Fertility ; Fetal Death/epidemiology ; Humans ; Lactation ; Male ; Marriage ; Menarche ; Menopause ; Middle Aged ; Nutrition Disorders/*physiopathology ; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; Ovulation ; Pregnancy ; Spermatogenesis
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  • 52
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-10-31
    Description: The fifth and sixth lumbar segments of the rat spinal cord were found to contain a sexually dimorphic nucleus, the spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus (SNB). The SNB, which contains motoneurons innervating perineal striated muscles in normal male rats, is adiminished or absent in normal females and in males with a genetic mutation rendering them insensitive to androgens. The presence of the nucleus is apparently not dependent on genetic sex, but on the action of androgens. The motoneurons of the adult male SNGH accumulate hormone after systemic injections of radioactive testosterone or dihydrotestosterone, but not estradiol, and the SNB motoneurons accumulate more of the injected androgens than do other motoneurons in the same spinal segments. These results demonstrate a morphological sex difference in hormone-sensitive motoneurons that are probably involved in the sexually dimorphic copulatory behavior of the rat.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Breedlove, S M -- Arnold, A P -- 5-S07/PHS HHS/ -- RR07009-14/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Oct 31;210(4469):564-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7423210" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Autoradiography ; Copulation/physiology ; Dihydrotestosterone/*metabolism ; Estradiol/*metabolism ; Female ; Male ; Motor Neurons/*metabolism ; Rats ; Sex ; Spinal Cord/*metabolism ; Testosterone/*metabolism
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  • 53
    Publication Date: 1980-02-08
    Description: Several dysgenic traits may occur within the Drosophila melanogaster species as a result of crosses between different strains. Crossing two mutually interacting categories, named inducer and reactive, may lead, among other abnormalities, to a specific kind of female sterility that has proved useful for investigating the genetic factors involved in the interaction. The reactive state appears to result from a cytoplasmic state ultimately controlled by a chromosomal polygenic system. The inducer character is determined by a chromosomal factor that exhibits all characteristics of a transposable element. Overall, the data contribute to clarification of mutator activities in D. melanogaster and open new opportunities to investigate unusual genetic mechanisms.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bregliano, J C -- Picard, G -- Bucheton, A -- Pelisson, A -- Lavige, J M -- L'Heritier, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 8;207(4431):606-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6766221" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging ; Animals ; Animals, Laboratory/genetics ; Animals, Wild/genetics ; Cytoplasm/physiology ; Drosophila melanogaster/*genetics ; Ecology ; Female ; Genes, Regulator ; Hot Temperature ; Hybridization, Genetic ; Infertility, Female/genetics ; Mutation ; Oocytes/physiology
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  • 54
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-03-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Broad, W J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 21;207(4437):1326-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7355292" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Female ; Humans ; *Insemination, Artificial ; *Insemination, Artificial, Heterologous ; Male ; *Nobel Prize ; *Spermatozoa ; *Tissue Banks ; Tissue Donors
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  • 55
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-04-11
    Description: In cats anesthetized with chloralose-pentobarbital and artificially ventilated, electrical stimulation of the caudal end of the cut cervical vagus nerve has a biphasic effect on the bronchoconstriction induced by an intravenous infusion of serotonin. The response consists of a brief augmentation of bronchoconstriction followed by relatively prolonged bronchodilation. After muscarinic receptor blockade with atropine, vagal stimulation causes only bronchodilation. Vagally mediated bronchodilation is not affected by beta adrenergic blockade with propranolol, alpha adrenergic blockade with phenoxybenzamine, or adrenergic neuronal blockade with guanethidine, but is abolished by autonomic ganglionic blockade with hexamethonium. These findings support the conclusion that a nonadrenergic inhibitory nervous system is present in the pulmonary airways of the cat and that the system is supplied by preganglionic fibers in the cervical vagus nerves.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Diamond, L -- O'Donnell, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Apr 11;208(4440):185-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7361114" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Airway Resistance/drug effects ; Animals ; Cats/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Electric Stimulation ; Female ; Guanethidine/pharmacology ; Hexamethonium Compounds/pharmacology ; Lung/*innervation ; Lung Compliance/drug effects ; Neural Pathways/physiology ; Parasympathetic Nervous System/physiology ; Phenoxybenzamine/pharmacology ; Propranolol/pharmacology ; Serotonin/pharmacology ; Sympathetic Nervous System/physiology ; Vagotomy
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  • 56
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-10-10
    Description: Human milk stimulates DNA synthesis in cell cultures in which growth has been arrested. The mitogenic activity of milk is neutralized by the addition of antibody to human epidermal growth factor. The results identify epidermal growth factor as a major growth-promoting agent in breast milk.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carpenter, G -- CA24071/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Oct 10;210(4466):198-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6968093" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Division/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA/biosynthesis ; Epidermal Growth Factor/analysis/*pharmacology ; Female ; Humans ; Mice ; Milk, Human/analysis/*physiology ; Mitogens ; Peptides/*pharmacology
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  • 57
    Publication Date: 1980-02-22
    Description: Rates of tyrosine and lysine transport and incorporation into protein were measured in control and undernourished weanling rats. Undernutrition was induced by feeding lactating dams a low protein diet (12 percent casein) from birth to day 21. At weaning, body and brain weights of undernourished rats were 50 percent and 88 percent, respectively, of control values. Lysine and tyrosine transport rates into skeletal muscle were reduced by over 75 percent, more than twice the reduction seen in brain. Rates of amino acid incorporation into muscle protein were reduced by approximately 50 percent; the change in rate of incorporation into brain protein was not statistically significant. These data indicate that, in spite of marked retardation of amino acid transport into brain, the brain seems fully capable of maintaining normal rates of protein synthesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Freedman, L S -- Samuels, S -- Fish, I -- Schwartz, S A -- Lange, B -- Katz, M -- Morgano, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 22;207(4433):902-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6766565" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acids/*metabolism ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn/metabolism ; Biological Transport ; Body Weight ; Brain/growth & development/*metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Lactation ; Male ; Muscles/*metabolism ; Pregnancy ; Protein-Energy Malnutrition/*metabolism ; Rats
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  • 58
    Publication Date: 1980-04-04
    Description: Close correlations between the development of the anticonvulsant effects of diphenylhydantoin and increases in tritiated diazepam binding were observed in rats from fetal day 16 to maturation. In contrast, significant decreases in tritiated diazepam binding were observed in 2- and 3-week-old rats that were exposed in utero to diphenylhydantoin. These changes can be correlated with reported increases in seizure susceptibility after prenatal exposure to diphenylhydantoin.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gallager, D W -- Mallorga, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Apr 4;208(4439):64-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7361107" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Benzodiazepines/metabolism ; Cerebral Cortex/*metabolism ; Diazepam/*metabolism ; Female ; Fetus/metabolism ; *Maternal-Fetal Exchange ; Phenytoin/administration & dosage/*pharmacology ; Pregnancy ; Rats
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  • 59
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-10-10
    Description: Maternal pain thresholds in rats were determined during various stages of pregnancy and parturition by measuring the intensity of electric shock that elicited reflexive jumping. There was a gradual rise in the pain threshold between 16 and 4 days prior to parturition and a more abrupt rise 1 to 2 days before that event. This increase was abolished by long-term administration of the narcotic antagonist naltrexone. The endorphin system is thus an important component of intrinsic mechanisms that modulate responsiveness to aversive stimuli. The data also demonstrate the activation during pregnancy of an endorphin system that is apparently quiescent in nonpregnant female rats treated the same way.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gintzler, A R -- NIMH GRANT DA01771/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Oct 10;210(4466):193-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7414330" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Endorphins/antagonists & inhibitors/*physiology ; Female ; Naltrexone/pharmacology ; Pain/*physiopathology ; Pregnancy ; *Pregnancy, Animal ; Rats ; Time Factors
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  • 60
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-01-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gordis, L -- Gold, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jan 11;207(4427):153-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7350648" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology ; *Confidentiality ; Diethylstilbestrol/adverse effects ; Disease Outbreaks/etiology ; *Epidemiologic Methods ; Female ; Humans ; Informed Consent ; Male ; *Medical Records ; Neoplasms/etiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 61
    Publication Date: 1980-03-21
    Description: Sex steroid hormones and catecholamines have physiological interactions in the brain. By the combined use of autoradiography and fluorescence histochemistry, steroid hormone target sites and catecholamine neurons were visualized simultaneously in the same tissue preparation. By this dual localization method, [3H]estradiol and [3H]dihydrotestosterone target sites were identified in nuclei of many catecholamine cell bodies in the brainstem, and catecholamine nerve terminals were observed near certain steroid hormone target neurons. These results suggest close anatomical interrelations between steroid hormone sites of action and catecholamine sites of production and action in the brain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Heritage, A S -- Stumpf, W E -- Sar, M -- Grant, L D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 21;207(4437):1377-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7355296" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenalectomy ; Animals ; Brain/cytology/*metabolism ; Castration ; Catecholamines/*metabolism ; Diencephalon/metabolism ; Dihydrotestosterone/*metabolism ; Estradiol/*metabolism ; Female ; Male ; Mesencephalon/metabolism ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Rats
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 62
    Publication Date: 1980-05-02
    Description: Phenobarbital administration to pregnant rats from day 12 to day 19 of gestation suppressed body weight gain and produced significant effects on reproductive function in their offspring. These effects included delays in the onset of puberty, disorders in the estrous cycle, and infertility. Moreover, the animals exposed to phenobarbital in utero showed altered concentrations of sex steroids, gonadotrophic hormones, and estrogen receptors. These findings suggest that phenobarbital treatment during prenatal development can produce permanent alterations in sexual maturation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gupta, C -- Sonawane, B R -- Yaffe, S J -- Shapiro, B H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 2;208(4443):508-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7367874" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Estrus/drug effects ; Female ; Luteinizing Hormone/blood ; Maternal-Fetal Exchange ; Phenobarbital/*adverse effects ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Receptors, Estrogen/drug effects ; Reproduction/*drug effects ; Sexual Maturation/drug effects
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  • 63
    Publication Date: 1980-07-25
    Description: Somatic nuclei, when transplanted into oocytes at the stage of first meiotic metaphase, were induced to undergo chromosome condensation and alignment on spindles. When the oocytes completed maturity in vitro and were activated, the somatic nuclei transformed into "fertilization" nuclei and promoted development through embryogenesis. Thus somatic nuclei can reversibly respond to cytoplasms directing either meiotic or mitotic events, and somatic nuclei from differentiated cells may be reversed by conditioning in oocytes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hoffner, N J -- DiBerardino, M A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 25;209(4455):517-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6967227" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anura ; Blastocyst/physiology ; Cell Nucleus/physiology ; Female ; Larva/physiology ; *Meiosis/drug effects ; Metaphase ; *Nuclear Transfer Techniques ; Oocytes/*physiology ; Ovum/*physiology ; Pituitary Gland/physiology ; Progesterone/pharmacology ; Rana pipiens ; Tissue Extracts/pharmacology ; Transplantation, Autologous
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  • 64
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-02-08
    Description: Sprouting of mouse soleus motor nerve terminals can be evoked by daily intramuscular injections of purified alpha-bungarotoxin. This finding supports the hypothesis that an important stimulus to terminal sprouting in partial denervation and presynaptic nerve blockade is a product of inactive muscle fibers.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holland, R L -- Brown, M C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 8;207(4431):649-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6243417" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Botulinum Toxins/pharmacology ; Bungarotoxins/*pharmacology ; Female ; Mice ; Motor Endplate/drug effects ; Motor Neurons/*growth & development ; Muscles/innervation ; Neuromuscular Junction/*physiology ; Receptors, Cholinergic/drug effects ; Synaptic Transmission/*drug effects
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  • 65
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-08-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 8;209(4457):672.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7394525" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Papanicolaou Test ; United States ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/*diagnosis ; *Vaginal Smears
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  • 66
    Publication Date: 1980-12-12
    Description: Vasoactive intestinal peptide, a smooth-muscle relaxant neuropeptide with neurotransmitter properties, was relaxed during electrical field stimulation of guinea pig trachea. The amount released correlated with the degree of relaxation, and the release was blocked by tetrodotoxin. Prior incubation of the trachea with antiserum to vasoactive intestinal peptide reduced the relaxation. Thus vasoactive intestinal peptide may mediate the nonadrenergic relaxation of tracheal smooth muscle.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Matsuzaki, Y -- Hamasaki, Y -- Said, S I -- HL-14187/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Dec 12;210(4475):1252-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6254154" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenergic Fibers/*physiology ; Animals ; Antigen-Antibody Reactions ; Electric Stimulation ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Hormones/*physiology ; Humans ; Mice ; *Muscle Contraction ; *Muscle Relaxation ; Muscle, Smooth/drug effects ; Neural Inhibition ; Synaptic Transmission ; Tetrodotoxin/pharmacology ; Trachea/*innervation ; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide/immunology/*physiology
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  • 67
    Publication Date: 1980-06-06
    Description: Premature separation of rat pups from their dams greatly increases their susceptibility to restraint-induced gastric erosions. When prematurely separated female rats grow to adulthood and mate with stock males, their normally reared F 1 progeny also have increased susceptibility to restraint-induced erosions. Cross-fostering studies show that prenatal rather than postnatal factors transmit this susceptibility to the F 1 progeny.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Skolnick, N J -- Ackerman, S H -- Hofer, M A -- Weiner, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jun 6;208(4448):1161-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7189606" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Suckling/physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Maternal Behavior ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Restraint, Physical ; Stomach Ulcer/embryology/etiology/*genetics ; Stress, Psychological/*complications
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  • 68
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-02-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, J R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 1;207(4430):509.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7352257" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/epidemiology/*etiology ; Smoking/*complications
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  • 69
    Publication Date: 1980-04-11
    Description: Arecoline, a cholinergic muscarinic receptor agonist, induced rapid eye movement sleep significantly more rapidly in patients with primary affective illness in remission than in normal control subjects matched for age and sex. These results, and others, suggest that patients with primary affective illness may have a supersensitive cholinergic system both when they are ill and when their symptoms are in clinical remission.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sitaram, N -- Nurnberger, J I Jr -- Gershon, E S -- Gillin, J C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Apr 11;208(4440):200-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7361118" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Affective Symptoms/drug therapy/*physiopathology ; Arecoline/*pharmacology ; Female ; Humans ; Injections, Intravenous ; Male ; Sleep Wake Disorders/physiopathology ; Sleep, REM/*drug effects
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  • 70
    Publication Date: 1980-07-18
    Description: The teratogenicity of alcohol has been demonstrated in humans through clinical studies, behavioral studies, and epidemiologic studies, and in animals through controlled laboratory experiments. In humans exposed to alcohol during gestation the effects can range from fetal alcohol syndrome in some offspring of chronic alcoholic women to reduced average birth weight in offspring of women reporting an average consumption of two to three drinks or more per day. The behavioral effects of such exposure may range from mental retardation in children with fetal alcohol syndrome to milder developmental and behavioral effects in infants born to social drinkers. In animals, exposure to alcohol in utero may result in death, malformation, and growth deficiency as well as behavioral and developmental abnormalities. The mechanisms of impairment and related risk factors are yet to be elucidated.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Streissguth, A P -- Landesman-Dwyer, S -- Martin, J C -- Smith, D W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 18;209(4454):353-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6992275" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced ; Alcohol Drinking ; Brain/pathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; *Ethanol/pharmacology ; Female ; Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders/*physiopathology ; Humans ; Hyperkinesis/chemically induced ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Pregnancy ; Sucking Behavior/drug effects ; *Teratogens
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  • 71
    Publication Date: 1980-04-11
    Description: Isolated coronary arteries from dogs were incubated in Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate isolation and exposed to normal, high, and low concentrations of magnesium in the medium. Sudden withdrawal of magnesium from the medium increased whereas high concentrations of magnesium decreased the basal tension of the arteries. The absence of magnesium in the medium significantly potentiated the contractile responses of both small and large coronary arteries to norepinephrine, acetylcholine, serotonin, angiotensin, and potassium. These data support the hypothesis that magnesium deficiency, associated with sudden death ischemic heart disease, produces coronary arterial spasm.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Turlapaty, P D -- Altura, B M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Apr 11;208(4440):198-200.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7361117" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylcholine/pharmacology ; Angiotensin II/pharmacology ; Animals ; Calcium/metabolism ; Coronary Disease/*etiology ; Coronary Vessels/drug effects/physiopathology ; Death, Sudden/etiology ; Dogs ; Female ; Magnesium/metabolism/pharmacology ; Magnesium Deficiency/*complications/physiopathology ; Male ; Norepinephrine/pharmacology ; Potassium Chloride/pharmacology ; Serotonin/pharmacology ; Spasm/etiology ; Vasomotor System/drug effects
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  • 72
    Publication Date: 1980-01-18
    Description: Continuous intravenous infusion of ribose (200 milligrams per kilogram per hour) for 24 hours induced a marked stimulation of cardiac adenine nucleotide biosynthesis in unanesthetized and unrestrained rats that had been treated with isoproterenol subcutaneously (25 milligrams per kilogram). The diminution of adenine nucleotides characteristic for the action of high doses of isoproterenol was entirely prevented, and the incidence of the isoproterenol-induced myocardial cell damage was significantly reduced when ribose was administered. These results support the view that depletion of adenine nucleotides is involved in the development of cardiac necrosis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zimmer, H G -- Ibel, H -- Steinkopff, G -- Korb, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jan 18;207(4428):319-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7350664" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenine Nucleotides/*metabolism ; Animals ; Female ; Heart/*drug effects ; Isoproterenol/*antagonists & inhibitors/toxicity ; Myocardium/*metabolism/pathology ; Rats ; Ribose/*pharmacology
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  • 73
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-04-11
    Description: A series of cyanine dyes used in photography, with reduction potentials from -1.35 to -0.20 volts, were tested for their ability to inhibit mitosis and cell growth in fertilized sea urchin eggs. Low concentrations of dyes with reduction potentials more negative than -1.0 volt generally inhibited mitosis and growth, whereas those with more positive reduction potentials did not. The active dyes penetrated the cell, entered all subcellular compartments, were bound to numerous macromolecules, and inhibited synthesis of macromolecules. Thus mitosis and growth may be retarded with substances that can alter electrochemical activity in cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zigman, S -- Gilman, P Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Apr 11;208(4440):188-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7361115" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Carbocyanines/pharmacology ; Cell Division/*drug effects ; Coloring Agents/*pharmacology ; Female ; Growth/drug effects ; Mitosis/*drug effects ; Ovum/drug effects ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Sea Urchins
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  • 74
    Publication Date: 1980-07-18
    Description: The affinity of Hb Zurich for carbon monoxide is approximately 65 times that of normal hemoglobin. The carboxyhemoglobin content in serum from individuals with Hb Zurich ranged from 3.9 to 6.7 percent in nine nonsmokers and from 9.8 to 19.7 percent in six smokers. Rates of hemolysis and hemoglobin denaturation were less in smokers than in nonsmokers, effects that may be secondary to the stabilization of Hb Zurich by carbon monoxide.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zinkham, W H -- Houtchens, R A -- Caughey, W S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 18;209(4454):406-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7384813" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Carboxyhemoglobin/*analysis/genetics ; Child ; Female ; Hematocrit ; Hemoglobins/*analysis ; Hemoglobins, Abnormal/*analysis/genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phenotype ; Smoking
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  • 75
    Publication Date: 1980-05-09
    Description: The connections between the spinal cord and lower leg muscles of the rat are significantly altered by repair of the intervening sciatric nerve. Muscles supplied by the peroneal branch of the sciatic are innervated by fewer motoneurons after sciatic repair. Many of these neurons originally innervated the peroneal muscles, and others formerly served the antagonistic tibial muscles. Perikarya in the size range of alpha motoneurons regained peripheral connections with greater frequency than those in the gamma range. There are thus postoperative defects in the extent and specificity of alpha reinnervation as well as in the degree of gamma control.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brushart, T M -- Mesulam, M M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 9;208(4444):603-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7367884" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anterior Horn Cells/*cytology ; Female ; Horseradish Peroxidase ; Motor Neurons/*cytology ; Muscles/*innervation ; Nerve Regeneration ; Neural Pathways/cytology ; Peripheral Nerves/*surgery ; Rats ; Sciatic Nerve/surgery
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  • 76
    Publication Date: 1980-08-22
    Description: Two coronaviruses were isolated from brain material obtained at autopsy from two multiple sclerosis patients. The viruses were neutralized by serum and spinal fluid from these patients. Although most of the population have antibody to these virus isolates, multiple sclerosis patients have slightly higher concentrations of serum antibody than controls. The results suggest that coronaviruses should be considered as one additional virus with a potential implication in the etiology of multiple sclerosis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Burks, J S -- DeVald, B L -- Jankovsky, L D -- Gerdes, J C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 22;209(4459):933-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7403860" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aged ; Animals ; Antibodies, Viral/analysis ; Brain/*microbiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Coronaviridae/immunology/*isolation & purification ; Female ; Freezing ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Sclerosis/*microbiology/pathology
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  • 77
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-05-16
    Description: Infant rat pups, fed through intragastric cannulas from postnatal day 4 through day 18, showed a 19 percent reduction in total brain weight when ethanol was included in their diet on days 4 through 7. This reduction in brain weight occurred even though body growth in the experimental rats was equal to that of their littermate controls. The ethanol-exposed animals were markedly hypoactive during the period of drug administration, then displayed gross body tremors for 3 to 5 days. Throughout the study, the animals treated with ethanol had poor motor coordination and were hyperresponsive. These brain and behavioral effects appear similar to those seen in fetal alcohol syndrome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Diaz, J -- Samson, H H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 16;208(4445):751-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7189297" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Behavior, Animal/physiology ; Brain/anatomy & histology/drug effects/*growth & development ; Cerebellum/growth & development ; Disease Models, Animal ; Ethanol/*pharmacology ; Female ; Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders/*embryology ; Organ Size ; Pregnancy ; Rats
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  • 78
    Publication Date: 1980-03-07
    Description: Two important vectors of malaria in Africa, Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles arabiensis (Diptera: Culicidae), often occur sympatrically and cannot be distinguished morphologically. A chemical method was developed to identify individual laboratory-reared adult males or females of either species by extraction and analysis of cuticular components with gas chromatography. Statistically significant differences were seen between species when selected pairs of peaks were compared.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carlson, D A -- Service, M W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 7;207(4435):1089-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7355276" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anopheles/analysis/*classification ; Chromatography, Gas ; Female ; Lipids/analysis ; Male ; Paraffin/analysis ; Sex Factors ; Skin/analysis ; Species Specificity
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  • 79
    Publication Date: 1980-04-18
    Description: Extracellularly applied N-succinimidyl [2,3-3H]propionate was used in vivo to covalently label intra-axonal proteins in the rat sciatic nerve. This technique permitted a unique view of axonal transport of proteins independent of biosynthesis. The proteins detected in slow anterograde transport (1 to 2 millimeters per day) correspond to cytoskeletal proteins described in previous papers. The slowly retrogradely transported component (3 to 6 millimeters per day) was composed primarily of a single protein with a molecular weight of 68,000.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fink, D J -- Gainer, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Apr 18;208(4441):303-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6154312" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Autoradiography ; Axonal Transport ; Axons/metabolism ; Cytoskeleton/metabolism ; Female ; Histological Techniques ; Molecular Weight ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/*metabolism ; Propionates ; Rats ; Sciatic Nerve/*metabolism ; Succinimides
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  • 80
    Publication Date: 1980-07-11
    Description: Electrophoretically pure mouse interferon inhibits erythropoietin-dependent proliferation of committed erythroid precursors (CFU-E) obtained either from adult mouse bone marrow or from 14-day fetal mouse livers. The degree of inhibition is significantly influenced by the genotype of the cell donor; about ten times as much interferon is required to inhibit proliferation of CFU-E from C57BL/6 than is needed for comparable inhibition of CFU-E from BALB/c or Swiss mice. These strain-dependent results point to the existence of genes that influence the degree of the inhibitory effect of interferon on cell multiplication.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gallien-Lartigue, O -- Carrez, D -- De Maeyer, E -- De Maeyer-Guignard, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 11;209(4453):292-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6155700" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bone Marrow/drug effects/*physiology ; Cell Division/drug effects ; Embryo, Mammalian ; Erythropoiesis/*drug effects ; Female ; Interferons/*pharmacology ; Liver/drug effects/physiology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Species Specificity
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  • 81
    Publication Date: 1980-08-15
    Description: Two experiments show that, after taste-aversion conditioning, rats can use external retrieval cues to recall or anticipate the aversive taste solution and avoid its location without making contact with the flavor. They also show that the rat's avoidance of a conditioned aversive taste and its consumption of the aversive flavored solution can be attenuated by giving it prior runway training in which taste reward is given inconsistently on a partial reinforcement schedule.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chen, J S -- Amsel, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 15;209(4458):831-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7403850" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Avoidance Learning/*physiology ; Conditioning (Psychology) ; Extinction, Psychological ; Female ; Lithium ; Male ; Memory/*physiology ; Mental Recall/*physiology ; Rats ; Reinforcement (Psychology) ; Sodium Chloride ; Taste/*physiology ; Time Factors
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  • 82
    Publication Date: 1980-06-13
    Description: Injection of iodine-131-labeled goat immunoglobulin G antibody to human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) into patients with hCG-secreting trophoblastic and germinal tumors permitted tumor detection and location by external gamma-ray scintigraphy. Excision of one of the metastatic tumors located by this method indicated a tumor/nontumor ration of 39.29. The method appears to offer a new clinical tool for precisely locating hCG-producing tumors in the body, even when tumor identification by other clinical methods has failed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goldenberg, D M -- Kim, E E -- DeLand, F H -- van Nagell, J R Jr -- Javadpour, N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jun 13;208(4449):1284-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7375942" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antibodies/*administration & dosage ; Choriocarcinoma/*radionuclide imaging ; Chorionic Gonadotropin/*immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Hydatidiform Mole/*radionuclide imaging ; Immunoglobulin G/administration & dosage ; Pregnancy ; Radioimmunoassay/methods ; Radionuclide Imaging/methods ; Teratoma/*radionuclide imaging ; Uterine Neoplasms/*radionuclide imaging
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  • 83
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-03-07
    Description: Fourteen rats with bilaterally implanted lateral hypothalamic electrodes were allowed to self-stimulate each side of the brain during daily test sessions. Rotation (circling behavior) during self-stimulation sessions was also recorded. All rats rotated in preferential direction regardless of the side of the brain stimulated, and, in each case, the direction was the same as that subsequently determined in response to d-amphetamine. All rats had asymmetries in self-stimulation thresholds related to the direction of rotation. Thresholds were lower on the side contralateral to the direction of rotation, and entire rate-intensity functions were displaced to the left on that side. The results, discussed in terms of lateralization of affect, suggest a model in which quantitative differences in neuronal firing can be translated into apparent qualitative specialization, with the two sides of the brain appearing to be specialized for high and low mood, respectively.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Glick, S D -- Weaver, L M -- Meibach, R C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 7;207(4435):1093-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7355277" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Electric Stimulation ; Emotions/physiology ; Female ; *Functional Laterality ; Hypothalamus/*physiology ; Rats/*physiology ; *Reinforcement (Psychology) ; Self Stimulation/physiology
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  • 84
    Publication Date: 1980-07-25
    Description: Particles (less than or equal to 5 micrometers) of the potent carcinogen crystalline nickel subsulfide were actively phagocytized by cultures of Syrian hamster embryo cells and Chinese hamster ovary cells. Cells did not take up significant quantities of similar-sized particles of the noncarcinogen amorphous nickel monosulfide. The carcinogenic activity of this and other metal compounds appears to be proportional to their cellular uptake.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Costa, M -- Mollenhauer, H H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 25;209(4455):515-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7394519" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Transport ; *Carcinogens ; Cell Line ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical/methods ; Embryo, Mammalian ; Female ; Mesocricetus ; Nickel/*metabolism/toxicity ; Ovary ; Sulfides/metabolism/toxicity
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  • 85
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-05-02
    Description: Auditory thresholds were determined for a 7-year-old Indian elephant. The hearing range extended from 17 hertz to 10.5 kilohertz. The results indicate that the inverse relationship between functional interaural distance (that is, the distance between the two ears divided by the speed of sound) and high-frequency hearing limit is valid even for very large mammals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Heffner, R -- Heffner, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 2;208(4443):518-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7367876" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Auditory Threshold/*physiology ; Elephants/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Female ; Hearing/*physiology ; Mammals/physiology ; Reward ; Skull/anatomy & histology ; Sound Localization/physiology
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  • 86
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-01-04
    Description: Acid extract of human placental tissue contain, by both radioimmunoassay and radioreceptor assay, beta-endrophin-like material. Half of this material will not go through a 5000-dalton filter and on Sephadex G-200 has a molecular size between 25,00 and 50,000 daltons. Of the material going through a 5000-dalton ultrafilter, 80 percent is excluded on Sephadex G-25 and held back, very slightly, on Bio-Rad P6, indicating a molecular size of approximately 4500 to 4800 daltons. Thus, placenta appears to have macromolecular precursors from which a beta-endorphin-like material is released, with a size approximately 12 amino acids longer than half of the pituitary hormone.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Houck, J C -- Kimball, C -- Chang, C -- Pedigo, N W -- Yamamura, H I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jan 4;207(4426):78-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7350643" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Endorphins/*metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Molecular Weight ; Placenta/*metabolism ; Pregnancy ; Radioimmunoassay ; Radioligand Assay
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  • 87
    Publication Date: 1980-02-08
    Description: Cell death, inflammation, and repair in rabbits' aortas and pulmonary arteries were observed at 3-, 7-, and 10-day periods after the intravenous injection of oxygenated sterols. Thus, oxygenated sterols, not cholesterol, may play the primary role in arterial wall injury and lesion development.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Imai, H -- Werthessen, N T -- Subramanyam, V -- LeQuesne, P W -- Soloway, A H -- Kanisawa, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 8;207(4431):651-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7352277" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aorta/drug effects ; Blood Vessels/*drug effects/pathology ; Cholesterol/*analogs & derivatives/toxicity ; Epoxy Compounds/*toxicity ; Ethers, Cyclic/*toxicity ; Female ; Hydroxycholesterols/toxicity ; Lanosterol/analogs & derivatives/toxicity ; Male ; Necrosis ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Pulmonary Artery/drug effects ; Rabbits ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 88
    Publication Date: 1980-12-05
    Description: In a patient with gyrate atrophy of the choroid and retina, an arginine-deficient diet has reduced plasma ornithine concentration fivefold during the past 20 months. Subjective improvement in her visual function was noted approximately 15 months after institution of her diet. This has been documented by improvements in the electroretinogram, dark-adaptation, and color vision. The improvement involves rod and, to a lesser extent, cone function. The results, although preliminary and limited to a single patient, suggest that reduction of plasma ornithine with a low arginine diet is beneficial in this disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser-Kupfer, M I -- de Monasterio, F M -- Valle, D -- Walser, M -- Brusilow, S -- EY-02948/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- RR-52/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Dec 5;210(4474):1128-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7444439" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Arginine ; Choroid/*pathology ; Color Perception/physiology ; Dark Adaptation ; Dietary Proteins ; Female ; Humans ; Ornithine/*blood ; Photoreceptor Cells/physiology ; Retinal Degeneration/*diet therapy/physiopathology ; Uveal Diseases/diet therapy ; Vision, Ocular
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  • 89
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-01-18
    Description: The synthesis of a placental luteinizing hormone-releasing factor (pLRF), which is immunologically, physiochemically, and biologically indistinguishable from synthetic LRF, was demonstrated. The incorporation of 3H-labeled leucine by human placental tissue in vitro into pLRF was determined by purification on carboxymethyl-cellulose and specific immunoprecipitation of the 3H-labeled pLRF. The specific activity of the pLRF released into the medium increased 100-fold from day 1 to day 2 of culture and attained a concentration of 2.84 microcuries per microgram. These data indicate that the pLRF that was released initially was endogenous, whereas that released subsequently reflected synthesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Khodr, G S -- Siler-Khodr, T M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jan 18;207(4428):315-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6985750" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Culture Techniques ; Female ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/biosynthesis/immunology/*metabolism ; *Hormones ; Humans ; Placenta/*metabolism ; Pregnancy
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  • 90
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-02-15
    Description: Mothers among !Kung hunter-gatherers nurse briefly and frequently, with brief intervals between nursing bouts (mean +/- standard error, 13.19 +/- 1.28 minutes). The low levels of 17 beta-estradiol and progesterone in the serum of the mother are correlated with infant's age and with interbout interval, but not with total nursing time. Maternal gonadal function is apparently suppressed by a timing-dependent, prolactin-mediated effect of breast stimulation. Interbout interval may be a key variable in lactation infertility. If so, it solves the puzzle of !Kung birth spacing.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Konner, M -- Worthman, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 15;207(4432):788-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7352291" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amenorrhea/*etiology ; *Birth Intervals ; Botswana ; Estradiol/blood ; Female ; Humans ; *Lactation ; *Maternal Behavior ; Menstruation ; Namibia ; *Postpartum Period ; Pregnancy ; Progesterone/blood
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  • 91
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-09-12
    Description: Disagreements about the somatic risks from low doses of ionizing radiation stem from two difficulties fundamental to the logic of inference from observational data. First, precise direct estimation of small risks requires impracticably large samples. Second, precise estimates of low-dose risks based largely on high-dose data, for which the sample size requirements are more easily satisfied, must depend heavily on assumptions about the shape of the dose-response curve, even when only a few of the parameters of the theoretical form of the curve are unknown.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Land, C E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Sep 12;209(4462):1197-203.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7403879" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology/etiology ; Cell Survival/radiation effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia, Radiation-Induced/etiology ; Mammography/adverse effects ; Models, Theoretical ; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced/*etiology ; *Radiation, Ionizing ; Radioactive Fallout ; Risk ; Statistics as Topic
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  • 92
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-02-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Malinak, L R -- Kaufman, R H -- Spjut, H J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 29;207(4434):1008.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7352297" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Clomiphene/*pharmacology ; Female ; Metaplasia/chemically induced ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Animal/*drug effects ; Rats ; Uterus/*drug effects/pathology
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  • 93
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-02-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 8;207(4431):628-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7352275" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging ; Bone Resorption ; Calcitonin/therapeutic use ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Dihydroxycholecalciferols/therapeutic use ; Estrogens/therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Menopause ; Osteoporosis/drug therapy/*physiopathology/prevention & control ; Parathyroid Hormone/physiology
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  • 94
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-07-11
    Description: Beta-Lipotropin stimulated the production of aldosterone in collagenase-dispersed rat adrenal capsular cells. The maximum response obtained with beta-lipotropin was the same as the response obtained with corticotropin and was greater than that obtained with angiotensin II. These data suggest that beta-lipotropin may play a role in aldosterone regulation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Matsuoka, H -- Mulrow, P J -- Li, C H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 11;209(4453):307-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6247763" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenal Glands/drug effects/*metabolism ; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/pharmacology ; Aldosterone/*biosynthesis ; Animals ; Corticosterone/*biosynthesis ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Rats ; Sheep ; Swine ; beta-Lipotropin/*pharmacology
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  • 95
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-08-15
    Description: Urine produced by wild female house mice, living in high- and low-density populations and confined to areas within a highway cloverleaf, was tested for its ability to delay puberty in juvenile female mice. Only urine collected from females in the dense population at its maximum density delayed puberty in test females. Urine collected when the population was less dense, or from a population that remained sparse, failed to delay puberty. These results suggest that a urinary factor present at high densities may delay puberty and thus help to slow further population growth.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Massey, A -- Vandenbergh, J G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 15;209(4458):821-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7190728" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Wild/physiology ; Crowding ; Estrus ; Female ; Mice/*physiology/urine ; Pheromones/*urine ; *Population Density ; Pregnancy ; *Sexual Maturation
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  • 96
    Publication Date: 1980-11-28
    Description: A hydranencephalic infant lacking cerebral hemispheres and a normal twin were tested for associative learning. After repeated trials in which two stimuli were temporally paired, test trials were given in which the second stimulus was omitted. Cardiac orienting responses to stimulus omission indicated that learning had taken place in both infants.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tuber, D S -- Berntson, G G -- Bachman, D S -- Allen, J N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Nov 28;210(4473):1035-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7192015" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anencephaly/*physiopathology ; Association/*physiology ; Behavior/physiology ; Brain/physiology ; Brain Stem/physiology ; Female ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Hydranencephaly/*physiopathology ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature/*psychology ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Twins, Dizygotic
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  • 97
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-02-01
    Description: A group of 50 smokers experienced greater sleep difficulty than a group of 50 nonsmokers matched by age and sex. The two groups did not differ in personality patterns or drug consumption. Also, sleep patterns significantly improved in a group of eight chronic smokers when they abstained from cigarette smoking. These findings are consistent with reports on the stimulant effects of nicotine.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Soldatos, C R -- Kales, J D -- Scharf, M B -- Bixler, E O -- Kales, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 1;207(4430):551-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7352268" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Coffee/adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Sleep Stages ; Sleep Wake Disorders/*etiology ; Smoking/*complications ; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/physiopathology
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  • 98
    Publication Date: 1980-10-31
    Description: The activity of natural killer cells was found to be deficient in 10 of 12 males with X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome, a life-threatening proliferation of lymphocytes after infection by Epstein-Barr virus. The activity levels of natural killer cells from affected males were increased after treatment with interferon in vitro, but normal levels of killing were not obtained. Deficient activity of killer cells in individuals with immunodeficiency and chronic infection by Epstein-Barr virus may contribute to the development of lymphoproliferative disorders.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sullivan, J L -- Byron, K S -- Brewster, F E -- Purtilo, D T -- CA 23561-01/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Oct 31;210(4469):543-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6158759" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic ; Female ; Humans ; *Immunity, Innate ; Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/*genetics ; Infectious Mononucleosis/immunology ; Interferons/pharmacology ; Killer Cells, Natural/*immunology ; Lymphoproliferative Disorders/genetics/*immunology ; Male ; X Chromosome
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  • 99
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1980-03-21
    Description: Normal ovulatory menstrual cycles were initiated in prepubertal female rhesus monkeys by the infusion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone for 6 minutes once every hou;. When this regimen was discontinued, the animals promptly reverted to an immature state. These findings permit the conclusion that neither adenohypophysial nor ovarian competence is limiting in the initiation of puberty and suggest that this process depends on the maturation of the neuroendocrine control system that directs the pulsatile secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone from the hypothalamus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wildt, L -- Marshall, G -- Knobil, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 21;207(4437):1373-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6986658" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Estradiol/blood ; Female ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone/blood ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/*pharmacology ; Hypothalamus/physiology ; Luteinizing Hormone/blood ; Macaca/*physiology ; Macaca mulatta/*physiology ; Menstruation/*drug effects ; Ovary/physiology ; Ovulation/*drug effects ; Pituitary Gland/physiology ; Progesterone/blood ; Sexual Maturation/*drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 100
    Publication Date: 1980-05-09
    Description: Mice produce litters containing many pups, and the female fetuses that develop between male fetuses have significantly higher concentrations of the male sex steroid testosterone in both their blood and amniotic fluid than do females that develop between other female fetuses. These two types of females differ during later life in many sexually related characteristics. Thus, individual variation in sexual characteristics of adult female mice may be traceable to differential exposure to testosterone during prenatal development because of intrauterine proximity to male fetuses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉vom Saal, F S -- Bronson, F H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 9;208(4444):597-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7367881" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Amniotic Fluid/*metabolism ; Animals ; Estradiol/blood ; Estrus ; Female ; Fetal Blood/*metabolism ; Male ; Mice/*embryology ; Pregnancy ; Progesterone/blood ; *Sex Differentiation ; Sex Ratio ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Testosterone/*blood
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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