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  • 1
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    A study of methods to prevent piping and erosion in buffer materials intended for a vertical deposition hole at the Horonobe Underground Research Laboratory (2018)
    Geological Society of London
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018
    Description: 〈p〉Piping and erosion phenomena are serious problems affecting the integrity of buffer materials, which are an element of engineered barrier systems in the geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste. In this study, the outflow behaviour and the condition of buffer materials are investigated using a test pit drilled into host rock at the Horonobe Underground Research Laboratory to consider countermeasures to contain the outflow of the buffer material. The results are as follows: (1) Piping and erosion phenomena occur irrespective of the injection flow rate. However, when the rate is small, the buffer material is considered to be self-repairing and the outflow of the buffer material can be suppressed. (2) When the injection water contains large amounts of electrolytes, the surface of the buffer material peels off and precipitates, probably decreasing the waterproof performance. (3) Bentonite pellets are likely to be an effective countermeasure against piping and erosion.〈/p〉
    Print ISSN: 0375-6440
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-4927
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society of London
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  • 2
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    A study of methods to prevent piping and erosion in buffer materials intended for a vertical deposition hole at the Horonobe Underground Research Laboratory (2018)
    Geological Society (of London)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-10-30
    Description: Piping and erosion phenomena are serious problems affecting the integrity of buffer materials, which are an element of engineered barrier systems in the geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste. In this study, the outflow behaviour and the condition of buffer materials are investigated using a test pit drilled into host rock at the Horonobe Underground Research Laboratory to consider countermeasures to contain the outflow of the buffer material. The results are as follows: (1) Piping and erosion phenomena occur irrespective of the injection flow rate. However, when the rate is small, the buffer material is considered to be self-repairing and the outflow of the buffer material can be suppressed. (2) When the injection water contains large amounts of electrolytes, the surface of the buffer material peels off and precipitates, probably decreasing the waterproof performance. (3) Bentonite pellets are likely to be an effective countermeasure against piping and erosion.
    Print ISSN: 0305-8719
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-4927
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society (of London)
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  • 3
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    PK2 subverts eIF2{alpha} kinases by viral mimicry [Biochemistry] (2015)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-08-12
    Description: Phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (eIF2α) by eIF2α family kinases is a conserved mechanism to limit protein synthesis under specific stress conditions. The baculovirus-encoded protein PK2 inhibits eIF2α family kinases in vivo, thereby increasing viral fitness. However, the precise mechanism by which PK2 inhibits eIF2α kinase function remains...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 4
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    Spin hydrodynamic generation (2016)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-01-08
    Description: Nature Physics 12, 52 (2016). doi:10.1038/nphys3526 Authors: R. Takahashi, M. Matsuo, M. Ono, K. Harii, H. Chudo, S. Okayasu, J. Ieda, S. Takahashi, S. Maekawa & E. Saitoh Magnetohydrodynamic generation is the conversion of fluid kinetic energy into electricity. Such conversion, which has been applied to various types of electric power generation, is driven by the Lorentz force acting on charged particles and thus a magnetic field is necessary. On the other hand, recent studies of spintronics have revealed the similarity between the function of a magnetic field and that of spin–orbit interactions in condensed matter. This suggests the existence of an undiscovered route to realize the conversion of fluid dynamics into electricity without using magnetic fields. Here we show electric voltage generation from fluid dynamics free from magnetic fields; we excited liquid-metal flows in a narrow channel and observed longitudinal voltage generation in the liquid. This voltage has nothing to do with electrification or thermoelectric effects, but turned out to follow a universal scaling rule based on a spin-mediated scenario. The result shows that the observed voltage is caused by spin-current generation from a fluid motion: spin hydrodynamic generation. The observed phenomenon allows us to make mechanical spin-current and electric generators, opening a door to fluid spintronics.
    Print ISSN: 1745-2473
    Electronic ISSN: 1745-2481
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 5
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    Simultaneous evidence for Pauli paramagnetic effects and multiband superconductivity in KFe_{2} As_{2} by small-angle neutron scattering studies of the vortex lattice (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-29
    Description: Author(s): S. J. Kuhn, H. Kawano-Furukawa, E. Jellyman, R. Riyat, E. M. Forgan, M. Ono, K. Kihou, C. H. Lee, F. Hardy, P. Adelmann, Th. Wolf, C. Meingast, J. Gavilano, and M. R. Eskildsen Iron-based superconductors, where the Cooper pairing is theorized to arise from magnetic interactions, have emerged as very good model systems for studies of the interplay between superconductivity and magnetism. Superconducting vortices, introduced by an applied magnetic field, can serve as a sensitive probe of the superconducting state in the host material. The authors have used small-angle neutron scattering to study the vortex lattice in KFe 2 As 2 , and perform a comprehensive characterization of the effects of multiband superconductivity and Pauli paramagnetism in this material. In particular, they have succeeded in separating orbital and paramagnetic contributions to the vortex lattice field modulation, and obtain a quantitative measure of the Pauli paramagnetic effects deep within the superconducting phase. [Phys. Rev. B 93, 104527] Published Mon Mar 28, 2016
    Keywords: Superfluidity and superconductivity
    Print ISSN: 1098-0121
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3795
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 6
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    Rtools: a web server for various secondary structural analyses on single RNA sequences (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-06
    Description: The secondary structures, as well as the nucleotide sequences, are the important features of RNA molecules to characterize their functions. According to the thermodynamic model, however, the probability of any secondary structure is very small. As a consequence, any tool to predict the secondary structures of RNAs has limited accuracy. On the other hand, there are a few tools to compensate the imperfect predictions by calculating and visualizing the secondary structural information from RNA sequences. It is desirable to obtain the rich information from those tools through a friendly interface. We implemented a web server of the tools to predict secondary structures and to calculate various structural features based on the energy models of secondary structures. By just giving an RNA sequence to the web server, the user can get the different types of solutions of the secondary structures, the marginal probabilities such as base-paring probabilities, loop probabilities and accessibilities of the local bases, the energy changes by arbitrary base mutations as well as the measures for validations of the predicted secondary structures. The web server is available at http://rtools.cbrc.jp , which integrates software tools, CentroidFold , CentroidHomfold , IPKnot , CapR , Raccess , Rchange and RintD .
    Print ISSN: 0305-1048
    Electronic ISSN: 1362-4962
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 7
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    Conceptual design of a divertor Thomson scattering diagnostic for NSTX-Ua) (2014)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-09-05
    Description: A conceptual design for a divertor Thomson scattering (DTS) diagnostic has been developed for the NSTX-U device to operate in parallel with the existing multipoint Thomson scattering system. Higher projected peak heat flux in NSTX-U will necessitate application of advanced magnetics geometries and divertor detachment. Interpretation and modeling of these divertor scenarios will depend heavily on local measurement of electron temperature, T e , and density, n e , which DTS provides in a passive manner. The DTS design for NSTX-U adopts major elements from the successful DIII-D DTS system including 7-channel polychromators measuring T e to 0.5 eV. If implemented on NSTX-U, the divertor TS system would provide an invaluable diagnostic for the boundary program to characterize the edge plasma.
    Print ISSN: 0034-6748
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7623
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 8
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    Strain and origin of inhomogeneous broadening probed by optically detected nuclear magnetic resonance in a (110) GaAs quantum well (2014)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-03-12
    Description: Author(s): M. Ono, J. Ishihara, G. Sato, S. Matsuzaka, Y. Ohno, and H. Ohno We obtained strain and electric field gradient (EFG) in an n-GaAs/Al0.3Ga0.7As (110) quantum well (QW) by optically detected nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The dependence of the quadrupolar splitting on an angle between the QW plane and a static magnetic field provided the crystalline-orientation... [Phys. Rev. B 89, 115308] Published Tue Mar 11, 2014
    Keywords: Semiconductors II: surfaces, interfaces, microstructures, and related topics
    Print ISSN: 1098-0121
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3795
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 9
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    Three-dimensional readout of flash x-ray images of living sperm in water by atomic-force microscopy (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-05-03
    Description: The imaging of living specimens in water by x-ray microscopy can be greatly enhanced with the use of an intense flash x-ray source and sophisticated technologies for reading x-ray images. A subnanosecond [corrected] x-ray pulse from a laser-produced plasma was used to record the x-ray image of living sea urchin sperm in an x-ray resist. The resist relief was visualized at high resolution by atomic-force microscopy. Internal structure of the sperm head was evident, and the carbon density in a flagellum was estimated from the relief height.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tomie, T -- Shimizu, H -- Majima, T -- Yamada, M -- Kanayama, T -- Kondo, H -- Yano, M -- Ono, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 May 3;252(5006):691-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Electrotechnical Laboratory, Ibaraki, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2024121" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Nucleus/ultrastructure ; Male ; Methylmethacrylates ; Microscopy/*methods ; Mitochondria/ultrastructure ; *Sea Urchins ; Seawater ; Sperm Tail/*ultrastructure ; X-Rays
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 10
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    Coherence factors in a high-tc cuprate probed by quasi-particle scattering off vortices (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-01-24
    Description: When electrons pair in a superconductor, quasi-particles develop an acute sensitivity to different types of scattering potential that is described by the appearance of coherence factors in the scattering amplitudes. Although the effects of coherence factors are well established in isotropic superconductors, they are much harder to detect in their anisotropic counterparts, such as high-superconducting-transition-temperature cuprates. We demonstrate an approach that highlights the momentum-dependent coherence factors in Ca2-xNaxCuO2Cl2. We used Fourier-transform scanning tunneling spectroscopy to reveal a magnetic-field dependence in quasi-particle scattering interference patterns that is sensitive to the sign of the anisotropic gap. This result is associated with the d-wave coherence factors and quasi-particle scattering off vortices. Our technique thus provides insights into the nature of electron pairing as well as quasi-particle scattering processes in unconventional superconductors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hanaguri, T -- Kohsaka, Y -- Ono, M -- Maltseva, M -- Coleman, P -- Yamada, I -- Azuma, M -- Takano, M -- Ohishi, K -- Takagi, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Feb 13;323(5916):923-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1166138. Epub 2009 Jan 22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Magnetic Materials Laboratory, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, Wako 351-0198, Japan. hanaguri@riken.jp〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19164709" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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