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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2015-06-19
    Description: Extrasolar planets that pass in front of their host star (transit) cause a temporary decrease in the apparent brightness of the star, providing a direct measure of the planet's size and orbital period. In some systems with multiple transiting planets, the times of the transits are measurably affected by the gravitational interactions between neighbouring planets. In favourable cases, the departures from Keplerian orbits (that is, unaffected by gravitational effects) implied by the observed transit times permit the planetary masses to be measured, which is key to determining their bulk densities. Characterizing rocky planets is particularly difficult, because they are generally smaller and less massive than gaseous planets. Therefore, few exoplanets near the size of Earth have had their masses measured. Here we report the sizes and masses of three planets orbiting Kepler-138, a star much fainter and cooler than the Sun. We determine that the mass of the Mars-sized inner planet, Kepler-138 b, is 0.066(+0.059)(-0.037) Earth masses. Its density is 2.6(+2.4)(-1.5) grams per cubic centimetre. The middle and outer planets are both slightly larger than Earth. The middle planet's density (6.2(+5.8)(-3.4) grams per cubic centimetre) is similar to that of Earth, and the outer planet is less than half as dense at 2.1(+2.2)(-1.2) grams per cubic centimetre, implying that it contains a greater portion of low-density components such as water and hydrogen.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jontof-Hutter, Daniel -- Rowe, Jason F -- Lissauer, Jack J -- Fabrycky, Daniel C -- Ford, Eric B -- England -- Nature. 2015 Jun 18;522(7556):321-3. doi: 10.1038/nature14494.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉1] Department of Astronomy, Pennsylvania State University, Davey Laboratory, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA [2] NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California 94035, USA. ; 1] NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California 94035, USA [2] SETI Institute, 189 North Bernardo Avenue, Mountain View, California 94043, USA. ; NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California 94035, USA. ; Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA. ; Department of Astronomy, Pennsylvania State University, Davey Laboratory, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26085271" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2010-01-09
    Description: The Kepler mission was designed to determine the frequency of Earth-sized planets in and near the habitable zone of Sun-like stars. The habitable zone is the region where planetary temperatures are suitable for water to exist on a planet's surface. During the first 6 weeks of observations, Kepler monitored 156,000 stars, and five new exoplanets with sizes between 0.37 and 1.6 Jupiter radii and orbital periods from 3.2 to 4.9 days were discovered. The density of the Neptune-sized Kepler-4b is similar to that of Neptune and GJ 436b, even though the irradiation level is 800,000 times higher. Kepler-7b is one of the lowest-density planets (approximately 0.17 gram per cubic centimeter) yet detected. Kepler-5b, -6b, and -8b confirm the existence of planets with densities lower than those predicted for gas giant planets.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Borucki, William J -- Koch, David -- Basri, Gibor -- Batalha, Natalie -- Brown, Timothy -- Caldwell, Douglas -- Caldwell, John -- Christensen-Dalsgaard, Jorgen -- Cochran, William D -- DeVore, Edna -- Dunham, Edward W -- Dupree, Andrea K -- Gautier, Thomas N 3rd -- Geary, John C -- Gilliland, Ronald -- Gould, Alan -- Howell, Steve B -- Jenkins, Jon M -- Kondo, Yoji -- Latham, David W -- Marcy, Geoffrey W -- Meibom, Soren -- Kjeldsen, Hans -- Lissauer, Jack J -- Monet, David G -- Morrison, David -- Sasselov, Dimitar -- Tarter, Jill -- Boss, Alan -- Brownlee, Don -- Owen, Toby -- Buzasi, Derek -- Charbonneau, David -- Doyle, Laurance -- Fortney, Jonathan -- Ford, Eric B -- Holman, Matthew J -- Seager, Sara -- Steffen, Jason H -- Welsh, William F -- Rowe, Jason -- Anderson, Howard -- Buchhave, Lars -- Ciardi, David -- Walkowicz, Lucianne -- Sherry, William -- Horch, Elliott -- Isaacson, Howard -- Everett, Mark E -- Fischer, Debra -- Torres, Guillermo -- Johnson, John Asher -- Endl, Michael -- MacQueen, Phillip -- Bryson, Stephen T -- Dotson, Jessie -- Haas, Michael -- Kolodziejczak, Jeffrey -- Van Cleve, Jeffrey -- Chandrasekaran, Hema -- Twicken, Joseph D -- Quintana, Elisa V -- Clarke, Bruce D -- Allen, Christopher -- Li, Jie -- Wu, Haley -- Tenenbaum, Peter -- Verner, Ekaterina -- Bruhweiler, Frederick -- Barnes, Jason -- Prsa, Andrej -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Feb 19;327(5968):977-80. doi: 10.1126/science.1185402. Epub 2010 Jan 7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA. William.J.Borucki@nasa.gov〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20056856" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2011-09-17
    Description: We report the detection of a planet whose orbit surrounds a pair of low-mass stars. Data from the Kepler spacecraft reveal transits of the planet across both stars, in addition to the mutual eclipses of the stars, giving precise constraints on the absolute dimensions of all three bodies. The planet is comparable to Saturn in mass and size and is on a nearly circular 229-day orbit around its two parent stars. The eclipsing stars are 20 and 69% as massive as the Sun and have an eccentric 41-day orbit. The motions of all three bodies are confined to within 0.5 degrees of a single plane, suggesting that the planet formed within a circumbinary disk.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Doyle, Laurance R -- Carter, Joshua A -- Fabrycky, Daniel C -- Slawson, Robert W -- Howell, Steve B -- Winn, Joshua N -- Orosz, Jerome A -- Prsa, Andrej -- Welsh, William F -- Quinn, Samuel N -- Latham, David -- Torres, Guillermo -- Buchhave, Lars A -- Marcy, Geoffrey W -- Fortney, Jonathan J -- Shporer, Avi -- Ford, Eric B -- Lissauer, Jack J -- Ragozzine, Darin -- Rucker, Michael -- Batalha, Natalie -- Jenkins, Jon M -- Borucki, William J -- Koch, David -- Middour, Christopher K -- Hall, Jennifer R -- McCauliff, Sean -- Fanelli, Michael N -- Quintana, Elisa V -- Holman, Matthew J -- Caldwell, Douglas A -- Still, Martin -- Stefanik, Robert P -- Brown, Warren R -- Esquerdo, Gilbert A -- Tang, Sumin -- Furesz, Gabor -- Geary, John C -- Berlind, Perry -- Calkins, Michael L -- Short, Donald R -- Steffen, Jason H -- Sasselov, Dimitar -- Dunham, Edward W -- Cochran, William D -- Boss, Alan -- Haas, Michael R -- Buzasi, Derek -- Fischer, Debra -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Sep 16;333(6049):1602-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1210923.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Carl Sagan Center for the Study of Life in the Universe, SETI Institute, 189 Bernardo Avenue, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA. ldoyle@seti.org〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21921192" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2012-08-31
    Description: We report the detection of Kepler-47, a system consisting of two planets orbiting around an eclipsing pair of stars. The inner and outer planets have radii 3.0 and 4.6 times that of Earth, respectively. The binary star consists of a Sun-like star and a companion roughly one-third its size, orbiting each other every 7.45 days. With an orbital period of 49.5 days, 18 transits of the inner planet have been observed, allowing a detailed characterization of its orbit and those of the stars. The outer planet's orbital period is 303.2 days, and although the planet is not Earth-like, it resides within the classical "habitable zone," where liquid water could exist on an Earth-like planet. With its two known planets, Kepler-47 establishes that close binary stars can host complete planetary systems.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Orosz, Jerome A -- Welsh, William F -- Carter, Joshua A -- Fabrycky, Daniel C -- Cochran, William D -- Endl, Michael -- Ford, Eric B -- Haghighipour, Nader -- MacQueen, Phillip J -- Mazeh, Tsevi -- Sanchis-Ojeda, Roberto -- Short, Donald R -- Torres, Guillermo -- Agol, Eric -- Buchhave, Lars A -- Doyle, Laurance R -- Isaacson, Howard -- Lissauer, Jack J -- Marcy, Geoffrey W -- Shporer, Avi -- Windmiller, Gur -- Barclay, Thomas -- Boss, Alan P -- Clarke, Bruce D -- Fortney, Jonathan -- Geary, John C -- Holman, Matthew J -- Huber, Daniel -- Jenkins, Jon M -- Kinemuchi, Karen -- Kruse, Ethan -- Ragozzine, Darin -- Sasselov, Dimitar -- Still, Martin -- Tenenbaum, Peter -- Uddin, Kamal -- Winn, Joshua N -- Koch, David G -- Borucki, William J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Sep 21;337(6101):1511-4. Epub 2012 Aug 28.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Astronomy Department, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182, USA. orosz@sciences.sdsu.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22933522" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2013-04-20
    Description: We present the detection of five planets--Kepler-62b, c, d, e, and f--of size 1.31, 0.54, 1.95, 1.61 and 1.41 Earth radii (R plus sign in circle), orbiting a K2V star at periods of 5.7, 12.4, 18.2, 122.4, and 267.3 days, respectively. The outermost planets, Kepler-62e and -62f, are super-Earth-size (1.25 R plus sign in circle 〈 planet radius 〈/= 2.0 R plus sign in circle) planets in the habitable zone of their host star, respectively receiving 1.2 +/- 0.2 times and 0.41 +/- 0.05 times the solar flux at Earth's orbit. Theoretical models of Kepler-62e and -62f for a stellar age of ~7 billion years suggest that both planets could be solid, either with a rocky composition or composed of mostly solid water in their bulk.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Borucki, William J -- Agol, Eric -- Fressin, Francois -- Kaltenegger, Lisa -- Rowe, Jason -- Isaacson, Howard -- Fischer, Debra -- Batalha, Natalie -- Lissauer, Jack J -- Marcy, Geoffrey W -- Fabrycky, Daniel -- Desert, Jean-Michel -- Bryson, Stephen T -- Barclay, Thomas -- Bastien, Fabienne -- Boss, Alan -- Brugamyer, Erik -- Buchhave, Lars A -- Burke, Chris -- Caldwell, Douglas A -- Carter, Josh -- Charbonneau, David -- Crepp, Justin R -- Christensen-Dalsgaard, Jorgen -- Christiansen, Jessie L -- Ciardi, David -- Cochran, William D -- DeVore, Edna -- Doyle, Laurance -- Dupree, Andrea K -- Endl, Michael -- Everett, Mark E -- Ford, Eric B -- Fortney, Jonathan -- Gautier, Thomas N 3rd -- Geary, John C -- Gould, Alan -- Haas, Michael -- Henze, Christopher -- Howard, Andrew W -- Howell, Steve B -- Huber, Daniel -- Jenkins, Jon M -- Kjeldsen, Hans -- Kolbl, Rea -- Kolodziejczak, Jeffery -- Latham, David W -- Lee, Brian L -- Lopez, Eric -- Mullally, Fergal -- Orosz, Jerome A -- Prsa, Andrej -- Quintana, Elisa V -- Sanchis-Ojeda, Roberto -- Sasselov, Dimitar -- Seader, Shawn -- Shporer, Avi -- Steffen, Jason H -- Still, Martin -- Tenenbaum, Peter -- Thompson, Susan E -- Torres, Guillermo -- Twicken, Joseph D -- Welsh, William F -- Winn, Joshua N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 May 3;340(6132):587-90. doi: 10.1126/science.1234702. Epub 2013 Apr 18.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA. william.j.borucki@nasa.gov〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23599262" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Exobiology ; Extraterrestrial Environment ; Models, Theoretical ; *Planets ; Stars, Celestial ; *Water
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2019
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2011-12-22
    Description: Since the discovery of the first extrasolar giant planets around Sun-like stars, evolving observational capabilities have brought us closer to the detection of true Earth analogues. The size of an exoplanet can be determined when it periodically passes in front of (transits) its parent star, causing a decrease in starlight proportional to its radius. The smallest exoplanet hitherto discovered has a radius 1.42 times that of the Earth's radius (R( plus sign in circle)), and hence has 2.9 times its volume. Here we report the discovery of two planets, one Earth-sized (1.03R( plus sign in circle)) and the other smaller than the Earth (0.87R( plus sign in circle)), orbiting the star Kepler-20, which is already known to host three other, larger, transiting planets. The gravitational pull of the new planets on the parent star is too small to measure with current instrumentation. We apply a statistical method to show that the likelihood of the planetary interpretation of the transit signals is more than three orders of magnitude larger than that of the alternative hypothesis that the signals result from an eclipsing binary star. Theoretical considerations imply that these planets are rocky, with a composition of iron and silicate. The outer planet could have developed a thick water vapour atmosphere.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fressin, Francois -- Torres, Guillermo -- Rowe, Jason F -- Charbonneau, David -- Rogers, Leslie A -- Ballard, Sarah -- Batalha, Natalie M -- Borucki, William J -- Bryson, Stephen T -- Buchhave, Lars A -- Ciardi, David R -- Desert, Jean-Michel -- Dressing, Courtney D -- Fabrycky, Daniel C -- Ford, Eric B -- Gautier, Thomas N 3rd -- Henze, Christopher E -- Holman, Matthew J -- Howard, Andrew -- Howell, Steve B -- Jenkins, Jon M -- Koch, David G -- Latham, David W -- Lissauer, Jack J -- Marcy, Geoffrey W -- Quinn, Samuel N -- Ragozzine, Darin -- Sasselov, Dimitar D -- Seager, Sara -- Barclay, Thomas -- Mullally, Fergal -- Seader, Shawn E -- Still, Martin -- Twicken, Joseph D -- Thompson, Susan E -- Uddin, Kamal -- England -- Nature. 2011 Dec 20;482(7384):195-8. doi: 10.1038/nature10780.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA. ffressin@cfa.harvard.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22186831" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2013-02-22
    Description: Since the discovery of the first exoplanets, it has been known that other planetary systems can look quite unlike our own. Until fairly recently, we have been able to probe only the upper range of the planet size distribution, and, since last year, to detect planets that are the size of Earth or somewhat smaller. Hitherto, no planets have been found that are smaller than those we see in the Solar System. Here we report a planet significantly smaller than Mercury. This tiny planet is the innermost of three that orbit the Sun-like host star, which we have designated Kepler-37. Owing to its extremely small size, similar to that of the Moon, and highly irradiated surface, the planet, Kepler-37b, is probably rocky with no atmosphere or water, similar to Mercury.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barclay, Thomas -- Rowe, Jason F -- Lissauer, Jack J -- Huber, Daniel -- Fressin, Francois -- Howell, Steve B -- Bryson, Stephen T -- Chaplin, William J -- Desert, Jean-Michel -- Lopez, Eric D -- Marcy, Geoffrey W -- Mullally, Fergal -- Ragozzine, Darin -- Torres, Guillermo -- Adams, Elisabeth R -- Agol, Eric -- Barrado, David -- Basu, Sarbani -- Bedding, Timothy R -- Buchhave, Lars A -- Charbonneau, David -- Christiansen, Jessie L -- Christensen-Dalsgaard, Jorgen -- Ciardi, David -- Cochran, William D -- Dupree, Andrea K -- Elsworth, Yvonne -- Everett, Mark -- Fischer, Debra A -- Ford, Eric B -- Fortney, Jonathan J -- Geary, John C -- Haas, Michael R -- Handberg, Rasmus -- Hekker, Saskia -- Henze, Christopher E -- Horch, Elliott -- Howard, Andrew W -- Hunter, Roger C -- Isaacson, Howard -- Jenkins, Jon M -- Karoff, Christoffer -- Kawaler, Steven D -- Kjeldsen, Hans -- Klaus, Todd C -- Latham, David W -- Li, Jie -- Lillo-Box, Jorge -- Lund, Mikkel N -- Lundkvist, Mia -- Metcalfe, Travis S -- Miglio, Andrea -- Morris, Robert L -- Quintana, Elisa V -- Stello, Dennis -- Smith, Jeffrey C -- Still, Martin -- Thompson, Susan E -- England -- Nature. 2013 Feb 28;494(7438):452-4. doi: 10.1038/nature11914. Epub 2013 Feb 20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California 94035, USA. thomas.barclay@nasa.gov〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23426260" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2012-01-13
    Description: Most Sun-like stars in the Galaxy reside in gravitationally bound pairs of stars (binaries). Although long anticipated, the existence of a 'circumbinary planet' orbiting such a pair of normal stars was not definitively established until the discovery of the planet transiting (that is, passing in front of) Kepler-16. Questions remained, however, about the prevalence of circumbinary planets and their range of orbital and physical properties. Here we report two additional transiting circumbinary planets: Kepler-34 (AB)b and Kepler-35 (AB)b, referred to here as Kepler-34 b and Kepler-35 b, respectively. Each is a low-density gas-giant planet on an orbit closely aligned with that of its parent stars. Kepler-34 b orbits two Sun-like stars every 289 days, whereas Kepler-35 b orbits a pair of smaller stars (89% and 81% of the Sun's mass) every 131 days. The planets experience large multi-periodic variations in incident stellar radiation arising from the orbital motion of the stars. The observed rate of circumbinary planets in our sample implies that more than approximately 1% of close binary stars have giant planets in nearly coplanar orbits, yielding a Galactic population of at least several million.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Welsh, William F -- Orosz, Jerome A -- Carter, Joshua A -- Fabrycky, Daniel C -- Ford, Eric B -- Lissauer, Jack J -- Prsa, Andrej -- Quinn, Samuel N -- Ragozzine, Darin -- Short, Donald R -- Torres, Guillermo -- Winn, Joshua N -- Doyle, Laurance R -- Barclay, Thomas -- Batalha, Natalie -- Bloemen, Steven -- Brugamyer, Erik -- Buchhave, Lars A -- Caldwell, Caroline -- Caldwell, Douglas A -- Christiansen, Jessie L -- Ciardi, David R -- Cochran, William D -- Endl, Michael -- Fortney, Jonathan J -- Gautier, Thomas N 3rd -- Gilliland, Ronald L -- Haas, Michael R -- Hall, Jennifer R -- Holman, Matthew J -- Howard, Andrew W -- Howell, Steve B -- Isaacson, Howard -- Jenkins, Jon M -- Klaus, Todd C -- Latham, David W -- Li, Jie -- Marcy, Geoffrey W -- Mazeh, Tsevi -- Quintana, Elisa V -- Robertson, Paul -- Shporer, Avi -- Steffen, Jason H -- Windmiller, Gur -- Koch, David G -- Borucki, William J -- England -- Nature. 2012 Jan 11;481(7382):475-9. doi: 10.1038/nature10768.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Astronomy Department, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, California 92182, USA. wfw@sciences.sdsu.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22237021" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Extraterrestrial Environment/chemistry ; *Planets ; Space Flight ; Spacecraft ; Stars, Celestial
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2012-07-28
    Description: The Sun's equator and the planets' orbital planes are nearly aligned, which is presumably a consequence of their formation from a single spinning gaseous disk. For exoplanetary systems this well-aligned configuration is not guaranteed: dynamical interactions may tilt planetary orbits, or stars may be misaligned with the protoplanetary disk through chaotic accretion , magnetic interactions or torques from neighbouring stars. Indeed, isolated 'hot Jupiters' are often misaligned and even orbiting retrograde. Here we report an analysis of transits of planets over starspots on the Sun-like star Kepler-30 (ref. 8), and show that the orbits of its three planets are aligned with the stellar equator. Furthermore, the orbits are aligned with one another to within a few degrees. This configuration is similar to that of our Solar System, and contrasts with the isolated hot Jupiters. The orderly alignment seen in the Kepler-30 system suggests that high obliquities are confined to systems that experienced disruptive dynamical interactions. Should this be corroborated by observations of other coplanar multi-planet systems, then star-disk misalignments would be ruled out as the explanation for the high obliquities of hot Jupiters, and dynamical interactions would be implicated as the origin of hot Jupiters.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sanchis-Ojeda, Roberto -- Fabrycky, Daniel C -- Winn, Joshua N -- Barclay, Thomas -- Clarke, Bruce D -- Ford, Eric B -- Fortney, Jonathan J -- Geary, John C -- Holman, Matthew J -- Howard, Andrew W -- Jenkins, Jon M -- Koch, David -- Lissauer, Jack J -- Marcy, Geoffrey W -- Mullally, Fergal -- Ragozzine, Darin -- Seader, Shawn E -- Still, Martin -- Thompson, Susan E -- England -- Nature. 2012 Jul 25;487(7408):449-53. doi: 10.1038/nature11301.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. rsanchis86@gmail.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22836999" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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