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  • 1
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    On the surface physics affecting solar oscillation frequencies (2016)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2016-10-27
    Description: Adiabatic oscillation frequencies of stellar models, computed with the standard mixing-length formulation for convection, increasingly deviate with radial order from observations in solar-like stars. Standard solar models overestimate adiabatic frequencies by as much as ~ 20 μHz. In this Letter, we address the physical processes of turbulent convection that are predominantly responsible for the frequency differences between standard models and observations, also called ‘surface effects’. We compare measured solar frequencies from the Michelson Doppler Imager instrument on the SOlar and Heliospheric Observatory spacecraft with frequency calculations that include 3D hydrodynamical simulation results in the equilibrium model, non-adiabatic effects, and a consistent treatment of the turbulent pressure in both the equilibrium and stability computations. With the consistent inclusion of the above physics in our model computation, we are able to reproduce the observed solar frequencies to 3 μHz without the need of any additional ad hoc functional corrections.
    Print ISSN: 1745-3925
    Electronic ISSN: 1745-3933
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 2
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    How Internally Coupled Ears Generate Temporal and Amplitude Cues for Sound Localization (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-01-21
    Description: Author(s): A. P. Vedurmudi, J. Goulet, J. Christensen-Dalsgaard, B. A. Young, R. Williams, and J. L. van Hemmen In internally coupled ears, displacement of one eardrum creates pressure waves that propagate through air-filled passages in the skull and cause displacement of the opposing eardrum, and conversely. By modeling the membrane, passages, and propagating pressure waves, we show that internally coupled e… [Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 028101] Published Thu Jan 14, 2016
    Keywords: Polymer, Soft Matter, Biological, and Interdisciplinary Physics
    Print ISSN: 0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 3
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    Dynamic variations at the base of the solar convection zone (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2000-03-31
    Description: We have detected changes in the rotation of the sun near the base of its convective envelope, including a prominent variation with a period of 1.3 years at low latitudes. Such helioseismic probing of the deep solar interior has been enabled by nearly continuous observation of its oscillation modes with two complementary experiments. Inversion of the global-mode frequency splittings reveals that the largest temporal changes in the angular velocity Omega are of the order of 6 nanohertz and occur above and below the tachocline that separates the sun's differentially rotating convection zone (outer 30% by radius) from the nearly uniformly rotating deeper radiative interior beneath. Such changes are most pronounced near the equator and at high latitudes and are a substantial fraction of the average 30-nanohertz difference in Omega with radius across the tachocline at the equator. The results indicate variations of rotation close to the presumed site of the solar dynamo, which may generate the 22-year cycles of magnetic activity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Howe -- Christensen-Dalsgaard -- Hill -- Komm -- Larsen -- Schou -- Thompson -- Toomre -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Mar 31;287(5462):2456-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉National Solar Observatory, National Optical Astronomy Observatories, Post Office Box 26732, Tucson, AZ 85726-6732, USA. Theoretical Astrophysics Center, Danish National Research Foundation, and Institute of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus Uni.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10741959" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Helioseismic measurement of solar torsional oscillations (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-04-06
    Description: Bands of slower and faster rotation, the so-called torsional oscillations, are observed at the Sun's surface to migrate in latitude over the 11-year solar cycle. Here, we report on the temporal variations of the Sun's internal rotation from solar p-mode frequencies obtained over nearly 6 years by the Michelson Doppler Imager (MDI) instrument on board the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) satellite. The entire solar convective envelope appears to be involved in the torsional oscillations, with phase propagating poleward and equatorward from midlatitudes at all depths throughout the convective envelope.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vorontsov, S V -- Christensen-Dalsgaard, J -- Schou, J -- Strakhov, V N -- Thompson, M J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Apr 5;296(5565):101-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Astronomy Unit, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11935019" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Kepler planet-detection mission: introduction and first results (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-01-09
    Description: The Kepler mission was designed to determine the frequency of Earth-sized planets in and near the habitable zone of Sun-like stars. The habitable zone is the region where planetary temperatures are suitable for water to exist on a planet's surface. During the first 6 weeks of observations, Kepler monitored 156,000 stars, and five new exoplanets with sizes between 0.37 and 1.6 Jupiter radii and orbital periods from 3.2 to 4.9 days were discovered. The density of the Neptune-sized Kepler-4b is similar to that of Neptune and GJ 436b, even though the irradiation level is 800,000 times higher. Kepler-7b is one of the lowest-density planets (approximately 0.17 gram per cubic centimeter) yet detected. Kepler-5b, -6b, and -8b confirm the existence of planets with densities lower than those predicted for gas giant planets.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Borucki, William J -- Koch, David -- Basri, Gibor -- Batalha, Natalie -- Brown, Timothy -- Caldwell, Douglas -- Caldwell, John -- Christensen-Dalsgaard, Jorgen -- Cochran, William D -- DeVore, Edna -- Dunham, Edward W -- Dupree, Andrea K -- Gautier, Thomas N 3rd -- Geary, John C -- Gilliland, Ronald -- Gould, Alan -- Howell, Steve B -- Jenkins, Jon M -- Kondo, Yoji -- Latham, David W -- Marcy, Geoffrey W -- Meibom, Soren -- Kjeldsen, Hans -- Lissauer, Jack J -- Monet, David G -- Morrison, David -- Sasselov, Dimitar -- Tarter, Jill -- Boss, Alan -- Brownlee, Don -- Owen, Toby -- Buzasi, Derek -- Charbonneau, David -- Doyle, Laurance -- Fortney, Jonathan -- Ford, Eric B -- Holman, Matthew J -- Seager, Sara -- Steffen, Jason H -- Welsh, William F -- Rowe, Jason -- Anderson, Howard -- Buchhave, Lars -- Ciardi, David -- Walkowicz, Lucianne -- Sherry, William -- Horch, Elliott -- Isaacson, Howard -- Everett, Mark E -- Fischer, Debra -- Torres, Guillermo -- Johnson, John Asher -- Endl, Michael -- MacQueen, Phillip -- Bryson, Stephen T -- Dotson, Jessie -- Haas, Michael -- Kolodziejczak, Jeffrey -- Van Cleve, Jeffrey -- Chandrasekaran, Hema -- Twicken, Joseph D -- Quintana, Elisa V -- Clarke, Bruce D -- Allen, Christopher -- Li, Jie -- Wu, Haley -- Tenenbaum, Peter -- Verner, Ekaterina -- Bruhweiler, Frederick -- Barnes, Jason -- Prsa, Andrej -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Feb 19;327(5968):977-80. doi: 10.1126/science.1185402. Epub 2010 Jan 7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA. William.J.Borucki@nasa.gov〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20056856" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    HD 181068: a red giant in a triply eclipsing compact hierarchical triple system (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-04-09
    Description: Hierarchical triple systems comprise a close binary and a more distant component. They are important for testing theories of star formation and of stellar evolution in the presence of nearby companions. We obtained 218 days of Kepler photometry of HD 181068 (magnitude of 7.1), supplemented by ground-based spectroscopy and interferometry, which show it to be a hierarchical triple with two types of mutual eclipses. The primary is a red giant that is in a 45-day orbit with a pair of red dwarfs in a close 0.9-day orbit. The red giant shows evidence for tidally induced oscillations that are driven by the orbital motion of the close pair. HD 181068 is an ideal target for studies of dynamical evolution and testing tidal friction theories in hierarchical triple systems.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Derekas, A -- Kiss, L L -- Borkovits, T -- Huber, D -- Lehmann, H -- Southworth, J -- Bedding, T R -- Balam, D -- Hartmann, M -- Hrudkova, M -- Ireland, M J -- Kovacs, J -- Mezo, Gy -- Moor, A -- Niemczura, E -- Sarty, G E -- Szabo, Gy M -- Szabo, R -- Telting, J H -- Tkachenko, A -- Uytterhoeven, K -- Benko, J M -- Bryson, S T -- Maestro, V -- Simon, A E -- Stello, D -- Schaefer, G -- Aerts, C -- ten Brummelaar, T A -- De Cat, P -- McAlister, H A -- Maceroni, C -- Merand, A -- Still, M -- Sturmann, J -- Sturmann, L -- Turner, N -- Tuthill, P G -- Christensen-Dalsgaard, J -- Gilliland, R L -- Kjeldsen, H -- Quintana, E V -- Tenenbaum, P -- Twicken, J D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Apr 8;332(6026):216-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1201762.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Astronomy, Eotvos University, Budapest, Hungary. derekas@konkoly.hu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21474755" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    Stellar spin-orbit misalignment in a multiplanet system (2013)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-10-19
    Description: Stars hosting hot Jupiters are often observed to have high obliquities, whereas stars with multiple coplanar planets have been seen to have low obliquities. This has been interpreted as evidence that hot-Jupiter formation is linked to dynamical disruption, as opposed to planet migration through a protoplanetary disk. We used asteroseismology to measure a large obliquity for Kepler-56, a red giant star hosting two transiting coplanar planets. These observations show that spin-orbit misalignments are not confined to hot-Jupiter systems. Misalignments in a broader class of systems had been predicted as a consequence of torques from wide-orbiting companions, and indeed radial velocity measurements revealed a third companion in a wide orbit in the Kepler-56 system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Huber, Daniel -- Carter, Joshua A -- Barbieri, Mauro -- Miglio, Andrea -- Deck, Katherine M -- Fabrycky, Daniel C -- Montet, Benjamin T -- Buchhave, Lars A -- Chaplin, William J -- Hekker, Saskia -- Montalban, Josefina -- Sanchis-Ojeda, Roberto -- Basu, Sarbani -- Bedding, Timothy R -- Campante, Tiago L -- Christensen-Dalsgaard, Jorgen -- Elsworth, Yvonne P -- Stello, Dennis -- Arentoft, Torben -- Ford, Eric B -- Gilliland, Ronald L -- Handberg, Rasmus -- Howard, Andrew W -- Isaacson, Howard -- Johnson, John Asher -- Karoff, Christoffer -- Kawaler, Steven D -- Kjeldsen, Hans -- Latham, David W -- Lund, Mikkel N -- Lundkvist, Mia -- Marcy, Geoffrey W -- Metcalfe, Travis S -- Silva Aguirre, Victor -- Winn, Joshua N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Oct 18;342(6156):331-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1242066.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉NASA Ames Research Center, MS 244-30, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24136961" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 8
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    Kepler-62: a five-planet system with planets of 1.4 and 1.6 Earth radii in the habitable zone (2013)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-04-20
    Description: We present the detection of five planets--Kepler-62b, c, d, e, and f--of size 1.31, 0.54, 1.95, 1.61 and 1.41 Earth radii (R plus sign in circle), orbiting a K2V star at periods of 5.7, 12.4, 18.2, 122.4, and 267.3 days, respectively. The outermost planets, Kepler-62e and -62f, are super-Earth-size (1.25 R plus sign in circle 〈 planet radius 〈/= 2.0 R plus sign in circle) planets in the habitable zone of their host star, respectively receiving 1.2 +/- 0.2 times and 0.41 +/- 0.05 times the solar flux at Earth's orbit. Theoretical models of Kepler-62e and -62f for a stellar age of ~7 billion years suggest that both planets could be solid, either with a rocky composition or composed of mostly solid water in their bulk.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Borucki, William J -- Agol, Eric -- Fressin, Francois -- Kaltenegger, Lisa -- Rowe, Jason -- Isaacson, Howard -- Fischer, Debra -- Batalha, Natalie -- Lissauer, Jack J -- Marcy, Geoffrey W -- Fabrycky, Daniel -- Desert, Jean-Michel -- Bryson, Stephen T -- Barclay, Thomas -- Bastien, Fabienne -- Boss, Alan -- Brugamyer, Erik -- Buchhave, Lars A -- Burke, Chris -- Caldwell, Douglas A -- Carter, Josh -- Charbonneau, David -- Crepp, Justin R -- Christensen-Dalsgaard, Jorgen -- Christiansen, Jessie L -- Ciardi, David -- Cochran, William D -- DeVore, Edna -- Doyle, Laurance -- Dupree, Andrea K -- Endl, Michael -- Everett, Mark E -- Ford, Eric B -- Fortney, Jonathan -- Gautier, Thomas N 3rd -- Geary, John C -- Gould, Alan -- Haas, Michael -- Henze, Christopher -- Howard, Andrew W -- Howell, Steve B -- Huber, Daniel -- Jenkins, Jon M -- Kjeldsen, Hans -- Kolbl, Rea -- Kolodziejczak, Jeffery -- Latham, David W -- Lee, Brian L -- Lopez, Eric -- Mullally, Fergal -- Orosz, Jerome A -- Prsa, Andrej -- Quintana, Elisa V -- Sanchis-Ojeda, Roberto -- Sasselov, Dimitar -- Seader, Shawn -- Shporer, Avi -- Steffen, Jason H -- Still, Martin -- Tenenbaum, Peter -- Thompson, Susan E -- Torres, Guillermo -- Twicken, Joseph D -- Welsh, William F -- Winn, Joshua N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 May 3;340(6132):587-90. doi: 10.1126/science.1234702. Epub 2013 Apr 18.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA. william.j.borucki@nasa.gov〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23599262" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Exobiology ; Extraterrestrial Environment ; Models, Theoretical ; *Planets ; Stars, Celestial ; *Water
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Hot super-Earths stripped by their host stars (2016)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-04-13
    Description: Article Theory predicts a deficit of super-Earth sized planets, which orbit close to their host star. Here, Lundkvist et al . use data from the NASA Kepler mission to show that this deficit is also seen in observations, thereby providing new insight into exoplanetary systems. Nature Communications doi: 10.1038/ncomms11201 Authors: M. S. Lundkvist, H. Kjeldsen, S. Albrecht, G. R. Davies, S. Basu, D. Huber, A. B. Justesen, C. Karoff, V. Silva Aguirre, V. Van Eylen, C. Vang, T. Arentoft, T. Barclay, T. R. Bedding, T. L. Campante, W. J. Chaplin, J. Christensen-Dalsgaard, Y. P. Elsworth, R. L. Gilliland, R. Handberg, S. Hekker, S. D. Kawaler, M. N. Lund, T. S. Metcalfe, A. Miglio, J. F. Rowe, D. Stello, B. Tingley, T. R. White
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-1723
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 10
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    A sub-Mercury-sized exoplanet (2013)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2013-02-22
    Description: Since the discovery of the first exoplanets, it has been known that other planetary systems can look quite unlike our own. Until fairly recently, we have been able to probe only the upper range of the planet size distribution, and, since last year, to detect planets that are the size of Earth or somewhat smaller. Hitherto, no planets have been found that are smaller than those we see in the Solar System. Here we report a planet significantly smaller than Mercury. This tiny planet is the innermost of three that orbit the Sun-like host star, which we have designated Kepler-37. Owing to its extremely small size, similar to that of the Moon, and highly irradiated surface, the planet, Kepler-37b, is probably rocky with no atmosphere or water, similar to Mercury.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barclay, Thomas -- Rowe, Jason F -- Lissauer, Jack J -- Huber, Daniel -- Fressin, Francois -- Howell, Steve B -- Bryson, Stephen T -- Chaplin, William J -- Desert, Jean-Michel -- Lopez, Eric D -- Marcy, Geoffrey W -- Mullally, Fergal -- Ragozzine, Darin -- Torres, Guillermo -- Adams, Elisabeth R -- Agol, Eric -- Barrado, David -- Basu, Sarbani -- Bedding, Timothy R -- Buchhave, Lars A -- Charbonneau, David -- Christiansen, Jessie L -- Christensen-Dalsgaard, Jorgen -- Ciardi, David -- Cochran, William D -- Dupree, Andrea K -- Elsworth, Yvonne -- Everett, Mark -- Fischer, Debra A -- Ford, Eric B -- Fortney, Jonathan J -- Geary, John C -- Haas, Michael R -- Handberg, Rasmus -- Hekker, Saskia -- Henze, Christopher E -- Horch, Elliott -- Howard, Andrew W -- Hunter, Roger C -- Isaacson, Howard -- Jenkins, Jon M -- Karoff, Christoffer -- Kawaler, Steven D -- Kjeldsen, Hans -- Klaus, Todd C -- Latham, David W -- Li, Jie -- Lillo-Box, Jorge -- Lund, Mikkel N -- Lundkvist, Mia -- Metcalfe, Travis S -- Miglio, Andrea -- Morris, Robert L -- Quintana, Elisa V -- Stello, Dennis -- Smith, Jeffrey C -- Still, Martin -- Thompson, Susan E -- England -- Nature. 2013 Feb 28;494(7438):452-4. doi: 10.1038/nature11914. Epub 2013 Feb 20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California 94035, USA. thomas.barclay@nasa.gov〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23426260" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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