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  • 1
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    A transiting giant planet with a temperature between 250 K and 430 K (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-03-20
    Description: Of the over 400 known exoplanets, there are about 70 planets that transit their central star, a situation that permits the derivation of their basic parameters and facilitates investigations of their atmospheres. Some short-period planets, including the first terrestrial exoplanet (CoRoT-7b), have been discovered using a space mission designed to find smaller and more distant planets than can be seen from the ground. Here we report transit observations of CoRoT-9b, which orbits with a period of 95.274 days on a low eccentricity of 0.11 +/- 0.04 around a solar-like star. Its periastron distance of 0.36 astronomical units is by far the largest of all transiting planets, yielding a 'temperate' photospheric temperature estimated to be between 250 and 430 K. Unlike previously known transiting planets, the present size of CoRoT-9b should not have been affected by tidal heat dissipation processes. Indeed, the planet is found to be well described by standard evolution models with an inferred interior composition consistent with that of Jupiter and Saturn.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Deeg, H J -- Moutou, C -- Erikson, A -- Csizmadia, Sz -- Tingley, B -- Barge, P -- Bruntt, H -- Havel, M -- Aigrain, S -- Almenara, J M -- Alonso, R -- Auvergne, M -- Baglin, A -- Barbieri, M -- Benz, W -- Bonomo, A S -- Borde, P -- Bouchy, F -- Cabrera, J -- Carone, L -- Carpano, S -- Ciardi, D -- Deleuil, M -- Dvorak, R -- Ferraz-Mello, S -- Fridlund, M -- Gandolfi, D -- Gazzano, J-C -- Gillon, M -- Gondoin, P -- Guenther, E -- Guillot, T -- den Hartog, R -- Hatzes, A -- Hidas, M -- Hebrard, G -- Jorda, L -- Kabath, P -- Lammer, H -- Leger, A -- Lister, T -- Llebaria, A -- Lovis, C -- Mayor, M -- Mazeh, T -- Ollivier, M -- Patzold, M -- Pepe, F -- Pont, F -- Queloz, D -- Rabus, M -- Rauer, H -- Rouan, D -- Samuel, B -- Schneider, J -- Shporer, A -- Stecklum, B -- Street, R -- Udry, S -- Weingrill, J -- Wuchterl, G -- England -- Nature. 2010 Mar 18;464(7287):384-7. doi: 10.1038/nature08856.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, C. Via Lactea S/N, E-38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain. hdeeg@iac.es〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20237564" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 2
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    Kepler-47: a transiting circumbinary multiplanet system (2012)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-08-31
    Description: We report the detection of Kepler-47, a system consisting of two planets orbiting around an eclipsing pair of stars. The inner and outer planets have radii 3.0 and 4.6 times that of Earth, respectively. The binary star consists of a Sun-like star and a companion roughly one-third its size, orbiting each other every 7.45 days. With an orbital period of 49.5 days, 18 transits of the inner planet have been observed, allowing a detailed characterization of its orbit and those of the stars. The outer planet's orbital period is 303.2 days, and although the planet is not Earth-like, it resides within the classical "habitable zone," where liquid water could exist on an Earth-like planet. With its two known planets, Kepler-47 establishes that close binary stars can host complete planetary systems.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Orosz, Jerome A -- Welsh, William F -- Carter, Joshua A -- Fabrycky, Daniel C -- Cochran, William D -- Endl, Michael -- Ford, Eric B -- Haghighipour, Nader -- MacQueen, Phillip J -- Mazeh, Tsevi -- Sanchis-Ojeda, Roberto -- Short, Donald R -- Torres, Guillermo -- Agol, Eric -- Buchhave, Lars A -- Doyle, Laurance R -- Isaacson, Howard -- Lissauer, Jack J -- Marcy, Geoffrey W -- Shporer, Avi -- Windmiller, Gur -- Barclay, Thomas -- Boss, Alan P -- Clarke, Bruce D -- Fortney, Jonathan -- Geary, John C -- Holman, Matthew J -- Huber, Daniel -- Jenkins, Jon M -- Kinemuchi, Karen -- Kruse, Ethan -- Ragozzine, Darin -- Sasselov, Dimitar -- Still, Martin -- Tenenbaum, Peter -- Uddin, Kamal -- Winn, Joshua N -- Koch, David G -- Borucki, William J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Sep 21;337(6101):1511-4. Epub 2012 Aug 28.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Astronomy Department, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182, USA. orosz@sciences.sdsu.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22933522" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Transiting circumbinary planets Kepler-34 b and Kepler-35 b (2012)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-01-13
    Description: Most Sun-like stars in the Galaxy reside in gravitationally bound pairs of stars (binaries). Although long anticipated, the existence of a 'circumbinary planet' orbiting such a pair of normal stars was not definitively established until the discovery of the planet transiting (that is, passing in front of) Kepler-16. Questions remained, however, about the prevalence of circumbinary planets and their range of orbital and physical properties. Here we report two additional transiting circumbinary planets: Kepler-34 (AB)b and Kepler-35 (AB)b, referred to here as Kepler-34 b and Kepler-35 b, respectively. Each is a low-density gas-giant planet on an orbit closely aligned with that of its parent stars. Kepler-34 b orbits two Sun-like stars every 289 days, whereas Kepler-35 b orbits a pair of smaller stars (89% and 81% of the Sun's mass) every 131 days. The planets experience large multi-periodic variations in incident stellar radiation arising from the orbital motion of the stars. The observed rate of circumbinary planets in our sample implies that more than approximately 1% of close binary stars have giant planets in nearly coplanar orbits, yielding a Galactic population of at least several million.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Welsh, William F -- Orosz, Jerome A -- Carter, Joshua A -- Fabrycky, Daniel C -- Ford, Eric B -- Lissauer, Jack J -- Prsa, Andrej -- Quinn, Samuel N -- Ragozzine, Darin -- Short, Donald R -- Torres, Guillermo -- Winn, Joshua N -- Doyle, Laurance R -- Barclay, Thomas -- Batalha, Natalie -- Bloemen, Steven -- Brugamyer, Erik -- Buchhave, Lars A -- Caldwell, Caroline -- Caldwell, Douglas A -- Christiansen, Jessie L -- Ciardi, David R -- Cochran, William D -- Endl, Michael -- Fortney, Jonathan J -- Gautier, Thomas N 3rd -- Gilliland, Ronald L -- Haas, Michael R -- Hall, Jennifer R -- Holman, Matthew J -- Howard, Andrew W -- Howell, Steve B -- Isaacson, Howard -- Jenkins, Jon M -- Klaus, Todd C -- Latham, David W -- Li, Jie -- Marcy, Geoffrey W -- Mazeh, Tsevi -- Quintana, Elisa V -- Robertson, Paul -- Shporer, Avi -- Steffen, Jason H -- Windmiller, Gur -- Koch, David G -- Borucki, William J -- England -- Nature. 2012 Jan 11;481(7382):475-9. doi: 10.1038/nature10768.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Astronomy Department, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, California 92182, USA. wfw@sciences.sdsu.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22237021" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Extraterrestrial Environment/chemistry ; *Planets ; Space Flight ; Spacecraft ; Stars, Celestial
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Todcor: A TwO-Dimensional CORrelation technique to analyze stellar spectra in search of faint companions (1994)
    Springer
    Astrophysics and space science 212 (1994), S. 349-356 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-946X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract TODCOR is a new TwO-Dimensional CORrelation technique to measure radial velocities of two components of a spectroscopic binary. Assuming the spectra of the two components are known, the technique correlates an observed binary spectrum against a combination of the two spectra with different shifts. TODCOR measuressimultaneously the radial velocities of the two stars by finding the maximum correlation. One of the advantages of TODCOR is its ability to detect a very faint companion in a combined spectrum, and to measure its radial velocity. We performed numerous tests in which we applied TODCOR to simulated spectra which were prepared as combinations of two spectra with various luminosity ratios, together with random noise. These tests show that TODCOR can detect a very faint secondary spectrum and measure correctly its velocity, even with a luminosity ratio of 1000, provided the combined spectrum has enough spectral coverage and highS / N. Measuring the radial velocity of the faint secondary will enable us to estimate the companion mass, a very useful tool in the search for brown dwarfs and giant planets around nearby stars.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00984538
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the wide binaries in selected area 57 (1988)
    Springer
    Astrophysics and space science 142 (1988), S. 131-138 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-946X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Summary We present some results from a preliminary analysis of a new radial-velocity survey of 244 stars in Selected Area 57, complete for stars withV brighter than 12.0 mag. We have considered all pairs with angular separations between 2 and 600 arc sec, but find only one probable physical binary with a separation larger than 100 arc sec. These data provide a stronger constraint on the distribution of wide binaries in the Galaxy than was previously available. Our results suggest that binaries with separations larger than 0.1 pc are rare.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00656193
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  • 6
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    II.3 Exposure based algorithm for removing systematics out of the CoRoT light curves (2022)
    EDP SCIENCES
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: This book is dedicated to all the people interested in the CoRoT mission and the beautiful data that were delivered during its six year duration. Either amateurs, professional, young or senior researchers, they will find treasures not only at the time of this publication but also in the future twenty or thirty years. It presents the data in their final version, explains how they have been obtained, how to handle them, describes the tools necessary to understand them, and where to find them. It also highlights the most striking first results obtained up to now. CoRoT has opened several unexpected directions of research and certainly new ones still to be discovered.
    Keywords: photometry ; space mission ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
    Format: image/jpeg
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    E-BOOK
  • 7
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    No circumbinary planets transiting the tightest Kepler binaries - a possible fingerprint of a third star (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-09-11
    Description: The Kepler mission has yielded the discovery of eight circumbinary systems, all found around eclipsing binaries with periods greater than 7 d. This is longer than the typical eclipsing binary period found by Kepler , and hence there is a dearth of planets around the closest binaries. In this paper, we suggest how this dearth may be explained by the presence of a distant stellar tertiary companion, which shrunk the inner binary orbit by the process of Kozai cycles and tidal friction, a mechanism that has been implicated for producing most binaries with periods below 7 d. We show that the geometry and orbital dynamics of these evolving triple star systems are highly restrictive for a circumbinary planet, which is subject itself to Kozai modulation, on one hand, and can shield the two inner stars from their Kozai cycle and subsequent shrinking, on the other hand. Only small planets on wide and inclined orbits may form, survive and allow for the inner binary shrinkage. Those are difficult to detect.
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 8
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    Testing the recovery of stellar rotation signals from Kepler light curves using a blind hare-and-hounds exercise (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-05-14
    Description: We present the results of a blind exercise to test the recoverability of stellar rotation and differential rotation in Kepler light curves. The simulated light curves lasted 1000 d and included activity cycles, Sun-like butterfly patterns, differential rotation and spot evolution. The range of rotation periods, activity levels and spot lifetime were chosen to be representative of the Kepler data of solar-like stars. Of the 1000 simulated light curves, 770 were injected into actual quiescent Kepler light curves to simulate Kepler noise. The test also included five 1000-d segments of the Sun's total irradiance variations at different points in the Sun's activity cycle. Five teams took part in the blind exercise, plus two teams who participated after the content of the light curves had been released. The methods used included Lomb–Scargle periodograms and variants thereof, autocorrelation function and wavelet-based analyses, plus spot modelling to search for differential rotation. The results show that the ‘overall’ period is well recovered for stars exhibiting low and moderate activity levels. Most teams reported values within 10 per cent of the true value in 70 per cent of the cases. There was, however, little correlation between the reported and simulated values of the differential rotation shear, suggesting that differential rotation studies based on full-disc light curves alone need to be treated with caution, at least for solar-type stars. The simulated light curves and associated parameters are available online for the community to test their own methods.
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 9
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    Masses of the components of SB2 binaries observed with Gaia - III. Accurate SB2 orbits for 10 binaries and masses of HIP 87895 (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-04-04
    Description: In anticipation of the Gaia astrometric mission, a large sample of spectroscopic binaries has been observed since 2010 with the Spectrographe pour l'Observation des PHénomènes des Intérieurs Stellaires et des Exoplanètes spectrograph at the Haute–Provence Observatory. Our aim is to derive the orbital elements of double-lined spectroscopic binaries (SB2s) with an accuracy sufficient to finally obtain the masses of the components with relative errors as small as 1 per cent when the astrometric measurements of Gaia are taken into account. In this paper, we present the results from five years of observations of 10 SB2 systems with periods ranging from 37 to 881 d. Using the todmor algorithm, we computed radial velocities from the spectra, and then derived the orbital elements of these binary systems. The minimum masses of the components are then obtained with an accuracy better than 1.2 per cent for the 10 binaries. Combining the radial velocities with existing interferometric measurements, we derived the masses of the primary and secondary components of HIP 87895 with an accuracy of 0.98 and 1.2 per cent, respectively.
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 10
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    Fast radio bursts: the observational case for a Galactic origin (2015)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2015-10-15
    Description: There are by now ten published detections of fast radio bursts (FRBs) – single bright GHz-band millisecond pulses of unknown origin. Proposed explanations cover a broad range from exotic processes at cosmological distances to atmospheric and terrestrial sources. Loeb, Maoz, and Shvartzvald have previously suggested that FRB sources could be nearby flare stars, and pointed out the presence of a W-UMa-type contact binary within the beam of one out of three FRB fields that they examined. To further test the flare-star hypothesis, we use time-domain optical photometry and spectroscopy, and now find possible flare stars in additional FRB fields, with one to three such cases among all eight FRB fields studied. We evaluate the chance probabilities of these possible associations to be in the range ~0.1 per cent to 9 per cent, depending on the input assumptions. Further, we re-analyse the probability that two FRBs recently discovered three years apart within the same radio beam are unrelated. Contrary to other claims, we conclude with 99 per cent confidence that the two events are from the same repeating source. The different dispersion measures between the two bursts then rule out a cosmological intergalactic-medium origin for the dispersion measure, but are consistent with the flare-star scenario with a varying plasma blanket between bursts. Finally, we review some theoretical objections that have been raised against a local flare-star FRB origin, and show that they are incorrect.
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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