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  • 1
    Publikationsdatum: 2007
    Beschreibung: Mating in many species induces a dramatic switch in female reproductive behaviour. In most insects, this switch is triggered by factors present in the male's seminal fluid. How these factors exert such profound effects in females is unknown. Here we identify a receptor for the Drosophila melanogaster sex peptide (SP, also known as Acp70A), the primary trigger of post-mating responses in this species. Females that lack the sex peptide receptor (SPR, also known as CG16752), either entirely or only in the nervous system, fail to respond to SP and continue to show virgin behaviours even after mating. SPR is expressed in the female's reproductive tract and central nervous system. The behavioural functions of SPR map to the subset of neurons that also express the fruitless gene, a key determinant of sex-specific reproductive behaviour. SPR is highly conserved across insects, opening up the prospect of new strategies to control the reproductive and host-seeking behaviours of agricultural pests and human disease vectors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yapici, Nilay -- Kim, Young-Joon -- Ribeiro, Carlos -- Dickson, Barry J -- England -- Nature. 2008 Jan 3;451(7174):33-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Dr. Bohr-Gasse 7, A-1030 Vienna, Austria.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18066048" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Central Nervous System/metabolism ; Conserved Sequence ; Copulation/physiology ; Drosophila Proteins/chemistry/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Drosophila melanogaster/cytology/*physiology ; Female ; Genitalia, Female/metabolism ; Male ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/metabolism ; Neurons/metabolism ; Peptides/chemistry/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Substrate Specificity ; Transcription Factors/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Digitale ISSN: 1476-4687
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-03-17
    Beschreibung: Population dynamics and evolutionary change are linked by the fundamental biological processes of birth and death. This means that population growth may correlate with the strength of selection, whereas evolutionary change can leave an ecological signature. We decompose population growth in an age-structured population into contributions from variation in a quantitative trait. We report that the distribution of body sizes within a population of Soay sheep can markedly influence population dynamics, accounting for up to one-fifth of observed population growth. Our results suggest that there is substantial opportunity for evolutionary dynamics to leave an ecological signature and visa versa.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pelletier, Fanie -- Clutton-Brock, Tim -- Pemberton, Josephine -- Tuljapurkar, Shripad -- Coulson, Tim -- P01 AG 22500/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- P01 AG022500/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- P01 AG022500-04/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Mar 16;315(5818):1571-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Biology and the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Centre for Population Biology, Imperial College London, Silwood Park, Ascot, Berkshire, SL5 7PY, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17363672" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Birth Weight ; Body Size/genetics ; Body Weight/genetics ; Ecology ; Environment ; Female ; *Genetic Variation ; Hindlimb/anatomy & histology ; Male ; Mathematics ; Population Dynamics ; Population Growth ; *Quantitative Trait, Heritable ; Scotland ; *Selection, Genetic ; *Sheep/anatomy & histology/genetics/growth & development ; Weather
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-05-19
    Beschreibung: Although clownfish sounds were recorded as early as 1930, the mechanism of sound production has remained obscure. Yet, clownfish are prolific "singers" that produce a wide variety of sounds, described as "chirps" and "pops" in both reproductive and agonistic behavioral contexts. Here, we describe the sonic mechanism of the clownfish Amphiprion clarkii.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Parmentier, Eric -- Colleye, Orphal -- Fine, Michael L -- Frederich, Bruno -- Vandewalle, Pierre -- Herrel, Anthony -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 May 18;316(5827):1006.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratoire de Morphologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, Institut de Chimie, Batiment B6, Universite de Liege, B-4000 Liege, Belgique. E.Parmentier@ulg.ac.be〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17510359" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Female ; Jaw/physiology ; Ligaments/physiology ; Male ; Mouth/physiology ; Movement ; Perciformes/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Tooth/anatomy & histology/physiology ; *Vocalization, Animal
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-10-27
    Beschreibung: Altruism-benefiting fellow group members at a cost to oneself-and parochialism-hostility toward individuals not of one's own ethnic, racial, or other group-are common human behaviors. The intersection of the two-which we term "parochial altruism"-is puzzling from an evolutionary perspective because altruistic or parochial behavior reduces one's payoffs by comparison to what one would gain by eschewing these behaviors. But parochial altruism could have evolved if parochialism promoted intergroup hostilities and the combination of altruism and parochialism contributed to success in these conflicts. Our game-theoretic analysis and agent-based simulations show that under conditions likely to have been experienced by late Pleistocene and early Holocene humans, neither parochialism nor altruism would have been viable singly, but by promoting group conflict, they could have evolved jointly.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Choi, Jung-Kyoo -- Bowles, Samuel -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Oct 26;318(5850):636-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Economics and Trade, Kyungpook National University, 1370 Sankyuk-dong, Buk-gu, Daegu 702-701, Korea.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17962562" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Algorithms ; *Altruism ; *Biological Evolution ; Computer Simulation ; Cooperative Behavior ; Female ; Game Theory ; *Hostility ; Humans ; Male ; Models, Psychological ; Reproduction ; *Social Behavior ; *Warfare
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-05-05
    Beschreibung: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a major cause of death in Western countries. We used genome-wide association scanning to identify a 58-kilobase interval on chromosome 9p21 that was consistently associated with CHD in six independent samples (more than 23,000 participants) from four Caucasian populations. This interval, which is located near the CDKN2A and CDKN2B genes, contains no annotated genes and is not associated with established CHD risk factors such as plasma lipoproteins, hypertension, or diabetes. Homozygotes for the risk allele make up 20 to 25% of Caucasians and have a approximately 30 to 40% increased risk of CHD.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2711874/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2711874/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McPherson, Ruth -- Pertsemlidis, Alexander -- Kavaslar, Nihan -- Stewart, Alexandre -- Roberts, Robert -- Cox, David R -- Hinds, David A -- Pennacchio, Len A -- Tybjaerg-Hansen, Anne -- Folsom, Aaron R -- Boerwinkle, Eric -- Hobbs, Helen H -- Cohen, Jonathan C -- HL-066681/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL-082896/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL082896/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL082896-02/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jun 8;316(5830):1488-91. Epub 2007 May 3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa K1Y4W7, Canada. rmcpherson@ottawaheart.ca〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17478681" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Aged ; *Alleles ; Case-Control Studies ; Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9/*genetics ; Coronary Artery Disease/genetics ; Coronary Disease/*genetics ; Ethnic Groups/genetics ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genes, p16 ; *Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genetic Variation ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; *Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Proportional Hazards Models ; RNA, Untranslated/genetics ; Regulatory Elements, Transcriptional ; Risk Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-12-08
    Beschreibung: The role of dopamine in monitoring negative action outcomes and feedback-based learning was tested in a neuroimaging study in humans grouped according to the dopamine D2 receptor gene polymorphism DRD2-TAQ-IA. In a probabilistic learning task, A1-allele carriers with reduced dopamine D2 receptor densities learned to avoid actions with negative consequences less efficiently. Their posterior medial frontal cortex (pMFC), involved in feedback monitoring, responded less to negative feedback than others' did. Dynamically changing interactions between pMFC and hippocampus found to underlie feedback-based learning were reduced in A1-allele carriers. This demonstrates that learning from errors requires dopaminergic signaling. Dopamine D2 receptor reduction seems to decrease sensitivity to negative action consequences, which may explain an increased risk of developing addictive behaviors in A1-allele carriers.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Klein, Tilmann A -- Neumann, Jane -- Reuter, Martin -- Hennig, Jurgen -- von Cramon, D Yves -- Ullsperger, Markus -- R01MH74457/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Dec 7;318(5856):1642-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany. tklein@cbs.mpg.de〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18063800" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Alleles ; *Avoidance Learning ; Basal Ganglia/physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Dopamine/*physiology ; Feedback, Psychological ; Frontal Lobe/*physiology ; Hippocampus/physiology ; Humans ; *Learning ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Nucleus Accumbens/physiology ; *Polymorphism, Genetic ; Receptors, Dopamine D2/*genetics/metabolism ; *Reinforcement (Psychology) ; Signal Transduction
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-08-25
    Beschreibung: The organization of chromatin affects all aspects of nuclear DNA metabolism in eukaryotes. H3.3 is an evolutionarily conserved histone variant and a key substrate for replication-independent chromatin assembly. Elimination of chromatin remodeling factor CHD1 in Drosophila embryos abolishes incorporation of H3.3 into the male pronucleus, renders the paternal genome unable to participate in zygotic mitoses, and leads to the development of haploid embryos. Furthermore, CHD1, but not ISWI, interacts with HIRA in cytoplasmic extracts. Our findings establish CHD1 as a major factor in replacement histone metabolism in the nucleus and reveal a critical role for CHD1 in the earliest developmental instances of genome-scale, replication-independent nucleosome assembly. Furthermore, our results point to the general requirement of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-utilizing motor proteins for histone deposition in vivo.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3014568/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3014568/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Konev, Alexander Y -- Tribus, Martin -- Park, Sung Yeon -- Podhraski, Valerie -- Lim, Chin Yan -- Emelyanov, Alexander V -- Vershilova, Elena -- Pirrotta, Vincenzo -- Kadonaga, James T -- Lusser, Alexandra -- Fyodorov, Dmitry V -- GM58272/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM74233/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM074233/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Y 275/Austrian Science Fund FWF/Austria -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Aug 24;317(5841):1087-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17717186" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adenosine Triphosphatases/metabolism ; Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Animals ; Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism ; Chromatin/*metabolism ; *Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Drosophila/embryology/genetics/metabolism/*physiology ; Drosophila Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Embryo, Nonmammalian/physiology ; Embryonic Development ; Female ; Haploidy ; Histone Chaperones ; Histones/*metabolism ; Male ; Mutation ; Nucleosomes/metabolism ; Protamines/metabolism ; Spermatozoa/physiology ; Transcription Factors/genetics/*metabolism ; Transgenes
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-05-05
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Finkel, Elizabeth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 May 4;316(5825):677.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17478691" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Accidents, Occupational/prevention & control ; Adult ; Asphyxia/*etiology ; Australia ; *Containment of Biohazards ; *Environment, Controlled ; Humans ; *Laboratories/standards ; Male
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-01-27
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pennisi, Elizabeth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jan 26;315(5811):457.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17255493" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Annelida/anatomy & histology/*growth & development/physiology ; Bone and Bones/*parasitology ; Female ; Male ; Spermatozoa/*physiology ; Whales/*parasitology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-05-22
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉James, William H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 May 18;316(5827):980-1; author reply 980-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17514797" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Deer/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Fathers ; Female ; *Fertility ; Humans ; Male ; Paternal Exposure ; *Sex Ratio ; Testosterone/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 11
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-03-24
    Beschreibung: Changes in the genes encoding sensory receptor proteins are an essential step in the evolution of new sensory capacities. In primates, trichromatic color vision evolved after changes in X chromosome-linked photopigment genes. To model this process, we studied knock-in mice that expressed a human long-wavelength-sensitive (L) cone photopigment in the form of an X-linked polymorphism. Behavioral tests demonstrated that heterozygous females, whose retinas contained both native mouse pigments and human L pigment, showed enhanced long-wavelength sensitivity and acquired a new capacity for chromatic discrimination. An inherent plasticity in the mammalian visual system thus permits the emergence of a new dimension of sensory experience based solely on gene-driven changes in receptor organization.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jacobs, Gerald H -- Williams, Gary A -- Cahill, Hugh -- Nathans, Jeremy -- EY002052/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Mar 23;315(5819):1723-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Psychology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA. jacobs@psych.ucsb.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17379811" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Color Perception/*genetics ; Discrimination (Psychology) ; Electroretinography ; Female ; Genetic Engineering ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Light ; Male ; Mice ; Neuronal Plasticity ; Primates/genetics/physiology ; Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells/*physiology ; Retinal Pigments/*genetics/*physiology ; X Chromosome/genetics ; X Chromosome Inactivation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 12
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    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-06-26
    Beschreibung: Negative associations between birth order and intelligence level have been found in numerous studies. The explanation for this relation is not clear, and several hypotheses have been suggested. One family of hypotheses suggests that the relation is due to more-favorable family interaction and stimulation of low-birth-order children, whereas others claim that the effect is caused by prenatal gestational factors. We show that intelligence quotient (IQ) score levels among nearly 250,000 military conscripts were dependent on social rank in the family and not on birth order as such, providing support for a family interaction explanation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kristensen, Petter -- Bjerkedal, Tor -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jun 22;316(5832):1717.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉National Institute of Occupational Health, N-0033 Oslo, Norway. petter.kristensen@stami.no〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17588924" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adolescent ; Adult ; *Birth Order ; Child ; Family Characteristics ; Female ; Hierarchy, Social ; Humans ; *Intelligence ; Intelligence Tests ; Interpersonal Relations ; Male ; Military Personnel
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 13
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-03-03
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wickelgren, Ingrid -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Mar 2;315(5816):1215.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17332389" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Alleles ; Female ; Forensic Genetics ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; *Hair Color ; Humans ; Male ; Melanocytes/metabolism ; Melanoma/*genetics ; Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 1/*genetics/metabolism ; Skin Neoplasms/*genetics ; *Skin Pigmentation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 14
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-12-08
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Beckwith, Jon -- Morris, Corey -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Dec 7;318(5856):1550.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18063771" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Antisocial Personality Disorder/*genetics ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; *Genome, Human ; Humans ; Male ; *Minisatellite Repeats ; Monoamine Oxidase/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 15
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-11-24
    Beschreibung: Whether social comparison affects individual well-being is of central importance for understanding behavior in any social environment. Traditional economic theories focus on the role of absolute rewards, whereas behavioral evidence suggests that social comparisons influence well-being and decisions. We investigated the impact of social comparisons on reward-related brain activity using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). While being scanned in two adjacent MRI scanners, pairs of subjects had to simultaneously perform a simple estimation task that entailed monetary rewards for correct answers. We show that a variation in the comparison subject's payment affects blood oxygenation level-dependent responses in the ventral striatum. Our results provide neurophysiological evidence for the importance of social comparison on reward processing in the human brain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fliessbach, K -- Weber, B -- Trautner, P -- Dohmen, T -- Sunde, U -- Elger, C E -- Falk, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Nov 23;318(5854):1305-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Life and Brain Center Bonn, Department of NeuroCognition and Clinic of Epileptology, Bonn, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18033886" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Analysis of Variance ; Basal Ganglia/blood supply/*physiology ; Brain/blood supply/physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Oxygen/blood ; *Reward ; *Social Perception
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 16
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-04-17
    Beschreibung: Obesity is a serious international health problem that increases the risk of several common diseases. The genetic factors predisposing to obesity are poorly understood. A genome-wide search for type 2 diabetes-susceptibility genes identified a common variant in the FTO (fat mass and obesity associated) gene that predisposes to diabetes through an effect on body mass index (BMI). An additive association of the variant with BMI was replicated in 13 cohorts with 38,759 participants. The 16% of adults who are homozygous for the risk allele weighed about 3 kilograms more and had 1.67-fold increased odds of obesity when compared with those not inheriting a risk allele. This association was observed from age 7 years upward and reflects a specific increase in fat mass.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2646098/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2646098/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Frayling, Timothy M -- Timpson, Nicholas J -- Weedon, Michael N -- Zeggini, Eleftheria -- Freathy, Rachel M -- Lindgren, Cecilia M -- Perry, John R B -- Elliott, Katherine S -- Lango, Hana -- Rayner, Nigel W -- Shields, Beverley -- Harries, Lorna W -- Barrett, Jeffrey C -- Ellard, Sian -- Groves, Christopher J -- Knight, Bridget -- Patch, Ann-Marie -- Ness, Andrew R -- Ebrahim, Shah -- Lawlor, Debbie A -- Ring, Susan M -- Ben-Shlomo, Yoav -- Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta -- Sovio, Ulla -- Bennett, Amanda J -- Melzer, David -- Ferrucci, Luigi -- Loos, Ruth J F -- Barroso, Ines -- Wareham, Nicholas J -- Karpe, Fredrik -- Owen, Katharine R -- Cardon, Lon R -- Walker, Mark -- Hitman, Graham A -- Palmer, Colin N A -- Doney, Alex S F -- Morris, Andrew D -- Smith, George Davey -- Hattersley, Andrew T -- McCarthy, Mark I -- 079557/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 090532/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- G0000934/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G0500070/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G0600705/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G9815508/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- MC_U106179471/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- MC_U106188470/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- Z99 AG999999/Intramural NIH HHS/ -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 May 11;316(5826):889-94. Epub 2007 Apr 12.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Genetics of Complex Traits, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Peninsula Medical School, Magdalen Road, Exeter, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17434869" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adipose Tissue ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Alleles ; Birth Weight ; *Body Mass Index ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Cohort Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*genetics ; Female ; *Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Great Britain ; Homozygote ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Obesity/*genetics ; Overweight/genetics ; *Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 17
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-11-03
    Beschreibung: Early specification of endomesodermal territories in the sea urchin embryo depends on a moving torus of regulatory gene expression. We show how this dynamic patterning function is encoded in a gene regulatory network (GRN) subcircuit that includes the otx, wnt8, and blimp1 genes, the cis-regulatory control systems of which have all been experimentally defined. A cis-regulatory reconstruction experiment revealed that blimp1 autorepression accounts for progressive extinction of expression in the center of the torus, whereas its outward expansion follows reception of the Wnt8 ligand by adjacent cells. GRN circuitry thus controls not only static spatial assignment in development but also dynamic regulatory patterning.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, Joel -- Theodoris, Christina -- Davidson, Eric H -- HD-37105/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Nov 2;318(5851):794-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Biology, 156-29, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17975065" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Female ; *Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; *Gene Regulatory Networks ; Male ; Sea Urchins/*genetics
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 18
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-12-22
    Beschreibung: Research on sexual selection shows that the evolution of secondary sexual characters in males and the distribution of sex differences are more complex than was initially suggested but does not undermine our understanding of the evolutionary mechanisms involved. However, the operation of sexual selection in females has still received relatively little attention. Recent studies show that both intrasexual competition between females and male choice of mating partners are common, leading to strong sexual selection in females and, in extreme cases, to reversals in the usual pattern of sex differences in behavior and morphology.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Clutton-Brock, Tim -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Dec 21;318(5858):1882-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK. thcb@cam.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18096798" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Body Size ; Body Weight ; Female ; Fertility ; Male ; *Mating Preference, Animal ; Reproduction ; *Sex Characteristics ; Sex Ratio
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 19
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-12-01
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, Jon -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Nov 30;318(5855):1360-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18048656" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use ; Child ; Disease Outbreaks/*statistics & numerical data ; Epidemiologic Methods ; Female ; *Global Health ; HIV Infections/drug therapy/*epidemiology/mortality ; Humans ; Male ; Prevalence ; United Nations
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 20
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-11-17
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, Jon -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Nov 16;318(5853):1048-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18006711" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): AIDS Vaccines/*adverse effects ; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/etiology/prevention & control ; Adenoviruses, Human/immunology ; Antibodies, Viral/immunology ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Disease Susceptibility ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Risk Factors ; Risk-Taking
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 21
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-09-29
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kwiek, Nicole C -- Halpin, Myra J -- Reiter, Jerome P -- Hoeffler, Leanne A -- Schwartz-Bloom, Rochelle D -- DA10904/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Sep 28;317(5846):1871-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17901318" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adolescent ; Biology/*education ; Chemistry/*education ; *Curriculum ; Educational Measurement ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Pharmacology/*education ; *Schools ; Teaching ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 22
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-04-21
    Beschreibung: Drosophila male and female germline stem cells (GSCs) are sustained by niches and regulatory pathways whose common principles serve as models for understanding mammalian stem cells. Despite striking cellular and genetic similarities that suggest a common evolutionary origin, however, male and female GSCs also display important differences. Comparing these two stem cells and their niches in detail is likely to reveal how a common heritage has been adapted to the differing requirements of male and female gamete production.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fuller, Margaret T -- Spradling, Allan C -- P01DK53074/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01GM61986/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Apr 20;316(5823):402-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Departments of Developmental Biology and Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17446390" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult Stem Cells/*cytology/physiology ; Animals ; Cell Adhesion ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Division ; Centrosome/physiology ; Drosophila/*cytology/*physiology ; Drosophila Proteins/physiology ; Female ; Germ Cells/*cytology/physiology ; Male ; Ovary/cytology ; Sex Characteristics ; Signal Transduction ; Testis/cytology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 23
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-01-16
    Beschreibung: The insect order of Hymenoptera (ants, bees, sawflies, and wasps) consists almost entirely of haplodiploid species. Under haplodiploidy, males develop from unfertilized eggs and are haploid, whereas females develop from fertilized eggs and are diploid. Although diploid males commonly occur, haploid females have never been reported. In analyzing the phenomenon of gynandromorphism in the parasitoid wasp Nasonia vitripennis, we found a line that generates complete phenotypic females from unfertilized eggs. These females have ovaries, can lay eggs, and are haploid, as shown by cytological and flow cytometric analyses. The data show that diploidy is not necessary for female development.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Beukeboom, Leo W -- Kamping, Albert -- Louter, Marina -- Pijnacker, Laas P -- Katju, Vaishali -- Ferree, Patrick M -- Werren, John H -- 5 RO1 GM070026-02/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jan 12;315(5809):206.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Evolutionary Genetics, Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Studies, University of Groningen, Post Office Box 14, 9750 AA Haren, Netherlands. l.w.beukeboom@rug.nl〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17218519" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Female ; *Haploidy ; Male ; Oogenesis ; Parthenogenesis ; Reproduction ; Sex Determination Processes ; Wasps/anatomy & histology/*genetics/physiology
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  • 24
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-06-16
    Beschreibung: Brain processing depends on the interactions between neuronal groups. Those interactions are governed by the pattern of anatomical connections and by yet unknown mechanisms that modulate the effective strength of a given connection. We found that the mutual influence among neuronal groups depends on the phase relation between rhythmic activities within the groups. Phase relations supporting interactions between the groups preceded those interactions by a few milliseconds, consistent with a mechanistic role. These effects were specific in time, frequency, and space, and we therefore propose that the pattern of synchronization flexibly determines the pattern of neuronal interactions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Womelsdorf, Thilo -- Schoffelen, Jan-Mathijs -- Oostenveld, Robert -- Singer, Wolf -- Desimone, Robert -- Engel, Andreas K -- Fries, Pascal -- R01EY017292/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jun 15;316(5831):1609-12.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉F. C. Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Nijmegen, 6525 EN Nijmegen, Netherlands. thilo.womelsdorf@fcdonders.ru.nl〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17569862" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Action Potentials ; Animals ; Cats ; Electrodes, Implanted ; Electrophysiology ; Macaca nemestrina ; Male ; Nerve Net/physiology ; Neurons/*physiology ; Parietal Lobe/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Temporal Lobe/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Visual Pathways
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 25
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-10-06
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, Jon -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Oct 5;318(5847):28-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17916696" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *AIDS Vaccines/immunology ; *Clinical Trials as Topic ; Drug Industry ; Female ; HIV Infections/immunology/*prevention & control/virology ; Humans ; Killer Cells, Natural/*immunology ; Male ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets/*immunology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 26
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-03-03
    Beschreibung: Long-term potentiation (LTP), which approximates Hebb's postulate of associative learning, typically requires depolarization-dependent glutamate receptors of the NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) subtype. However, in some neurons, LTP depends instead on calcium-permeable AMPA-type receptors. This is paradoxical because intracellular polyamines block such receptors during depolarization. We report that LTP at synapses on hippocampal interneurons mediating feedback inhibition is "anti-Hebbian":Itis induced by presynaptic activity but prevented by postsynaptic depolarization. Anti-Hebbian LTP may occur in interneurons that are silent during periods of intense pyramidal cell firing, such as sharp waves, and lead to their altered activation during theta activity.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3369266/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3369266/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lamsa, Karri P -- Heeroma, Joost H -- Somogyi, Peter -- Rusakov, Dmitri A -- Kullmann, Dimitri M -- 071179/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- G0400627/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G0400627(71256)/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G0400627(76527)/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G0501424/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G0600368/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G0600368(77987)/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- MC_U138135973/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Mar 2;315(5816):1262-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17332410" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Electric Stimulation ; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials ; Hippocampus/cytology/*physiology ; Interneurons/*physiology ; *Long-Term Potentiation ; Male ; Membrane Potentials ; Neural Inhibition/*physiology ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Pyramidal Cells/*physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, AMPA/physiology ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/physiology ; Spermine/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Synapses/*physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 27
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-11-10
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bhattacharjee, Yudhijit -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Nov 9;318(5852):897.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17991832" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Biological Science Disciplines ; *Career Mobility ; Child ; Child Day Care Centers ; Data Collection ; *Education, Graduate ; Family ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*organization & administration ; Prejudice ; *Research Personnel ; United States ; *Women, Working
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 28
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-09-08
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, Jon -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Sep 7;317(5843):1311.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17823324" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Chromosomes, Human ; Female ; *Genetic Variation ; *Genome, Human ; Humans ; Male ; Sequence Analysis, DNA
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 29
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-07-21
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Galizia, C Giovanni -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jul 20;317(5836):326-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurobiology, University of Konstanz, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany. Galizia@uni-konstanz.de〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17641186" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Bees/*physiology ; Behavior, Animal/drug effects ; Brain/physiology ; Conditioning (Psychology) ; Dopamine/metabolism ; Female ; *Learning ; Male ; Odors ; Pheromones/chemistry/pharmacology/*physiology ; Social Behavior
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 30
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-03-03
    Beschreibung: Although expansion of trinucleotide repeats accounts for over 30 human diseases, mechanisms of repeat instability remain poorly understood. We show that a Drosophila model for the CAG/polyglutamine (polyQ) disease spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 recapitulates key features of human CAG-repeat instability, including large repeat changes and strong expansion bias. Instability is dramatically enhanced by transcription and modulated by nuclear excision repair and a regulator of DNA repair adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) response element-binding protein (CREB)-binding protein-a histone acetyltransferase (HAT) whose decreased activity contributes to polyQ disease. Pharmacological treatment to normalize acetylation suppressed instability. Thus, toxic consequences of pathogenic polyQ protein may include enhancing repeat instability.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jung, Joonil -- Bonini, Nancy -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Mar 30;315(5820):1857-9. Epub 2007 Mar 1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphila, PA 19104, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17332375" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Alleles ; Animals ; Animals, Genetically Modified ; Anticipation, Genetic ; CREB-Binding Protein/genetics/*metabolism ; DNA Repair ; Drosophila Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Drosophila melanogaster/*genetics ; Female ; Fragile X Syndrome/genetics ; *Genomic Instability ; Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors ; Humans ; Huntington Disease/genetics ; Hydroxamic Acids/pharmacology ; Machado-Joseph Disease/*genetics ; Male ; Models, Animal ; Peptides/chemistry ; *Transcription, Genetic ; Transgenes ; *Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion ; *Trinucleotide Repeats
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 31
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-07-28
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, Jon -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jul 27;317(5837):440.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17656693" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Acyclovir/*therapeutic use ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; Condoms ; *Contraceptive Devices, Female ; Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic ; Female ; HIV Infections/*prevention & control/transmission ; Herpes Genitalis/*drug therapy/virology ; Herpesvirus 2, Human/drug effects/physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Patient Compliance ; Virus Shedding/drug effects
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 32
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-12-22
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lanza, Robert -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Dec 21;318(5858):1865.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18096789" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; *Bioethical Issues ; Cellular Reprogramming/*ethics ; Chimera ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; *Pluripotent Stem Cells ; Reproductive Techniques/ethics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 33
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-01-27
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Spradling, Allan C -- Zheng, Yixian -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jan 26;315(5811):469-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Embryology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Carnegie Institution, 3520 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA. spradling@ciwemb.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17255500" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adherens Junctions/ultrastructure ; Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; *Cell Division ; Centrosome/*physiology/ultrastructure ; Drosophila melanogaster ; Germ Cells/*cytology/physiology ; Interphase ; Male ; Microtubules/physiology/ultrastructure ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/cytology ; Spindle Apparatus/physiology/ultrastructure ; Stem Cells/*cytology/physiology ; Testis/cytology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 34
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    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-06-02
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, Jon -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jun 1;316(5829):1265.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17540866" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Animal Experimentation ; Animals ; *Breeding ; Female ; Male ; Models, Animal ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Pan troglodytes ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 35
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-03-21
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Prince, Alfred M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Mar 16;315(5818):1493-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17370358" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Animal Experimentation ; Animal Welfare ; Animals ; *Biomedical Research ; Breeding ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Hepacivirus/immunology ; Male ; *Pan troglodytes ; United States ; Viral Hepatitis Vaccines
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 36
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-01-27
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, Jon -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jan 26;315(5811):450-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17255486" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Animal Experimentation/ethics ; Animal Welfare ; Animals ; *Animals, Laboratory ; Breeding ; Female ; Genome ; Housing, Animal ; Male ; *Models, Animal ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Pan troglodytes/genetics ; Population Dynamics ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 37
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    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-09-01
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lawler, Andrew -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Aug 31;317(5842):1164-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17761861" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Archaeology ; Burial/history ; Cities/*history ; Female ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; Male ; Syria ; Violence/history
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    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 38
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-01-27
    Beschreibung: Adult stem cells often divide asymmetrically to produce one self-renewed stem cell and one differentiating cell, thus maintaining both populations. The asymmetric outcome of stem cell divisions can be specified by an oriented spindle and local self-renewal signals from the stem cell niche. Here we show that developmentally programmed asymmetric behavior and inheritance of mother and daughter centrosomes underlies the stereotyped spindle orientation and asymmetric outcome of stem cell divisions in the Drosophila male germ line. The mother centrosome remains anchored near the niche while the daughter centrosome migrates to the opposite side of the cell before spindle formation.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2563045/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2563045/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yamashita, Yukiko M -- Mahowald, Anthony P -- Perlin, Julie R -- Fuller, Margaret T -- P01 DK053074/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P01 DK53074/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jan 26;315(5811):518-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5329, USA. yukikomy@umich.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17255513" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adherens Junctions/ultrastructure ; Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; *Cell Division ; Centrioles/physiology ; Centrosome/*physiology/ultrastructure ; Drosophila Proteins/analysis/genetics ; Drosophila melanogaster ; Germ Cells/*cytology/physiology ; Interphase ; Male ; Microtubules/physiology/ultrastructure ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/analysis ; Spindle Apparatus/physiology ; Stem Cells/*cytology/physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 39
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-12-22
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, Jon -- Lester, Benjamin -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Dec 21;318(5858):1852.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18096778" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *AIDS Vaccines/adverse effects ; Adenoviruses, Human/genetics/immunology ; Antibodies, Viral/blood ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Male ; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (U.S.) ; Research Design ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 40
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-08-19
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Aug 17;317(5840):884-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17702917" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Advisory Committees ; Animals ; Benzhydryl Compounds ; Child ; Endocrine Disruptors/administration & dosage/*toxicity ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Phenols/administration & dosage/*toxicity ; Pregnancy ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 41
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    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-04-21
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gibbons, Ann -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Apr 20;316(5823):365.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17446369" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Adaptation, Physiological ; *Altitude ; Blood Volume ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Nitric Oxide/blood ; Oxygen/*blood ; Pregnancy/*blood ; *Pregnancy Outcome ; Selection, Genetic ; Survival Analysis ; Tibet
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 42
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-01-16
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Miller, Greg -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jan 12;315(5809):180-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17218504" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Aggression ; Animals ; Behavior, Animal ; Breeding ; *Drosophila melanogaster/genetics ; Female ; Gene Expression ; *Genes, Insect ; Male ; Memory ; *Models, Animal ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Sex Characteristics ; Sexual Behavior, Animal
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 43
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-04-21
    Beschreibung: Sex in reptiles is determined by genes on sex chromosomes or by incubation temperature. Previously these two modes were thought to be distinct, yet we show that high incubation temperatures reverse genotypic males (ZZ) to phenotypic females in a lizard with ZZ and ZW sex chromosomes. Thus, the W chromosome is not necessary for female differentiation. Sex determination is probably via a dosage-sensitive male-determining gene on the Z chromosome that is inactivated by extreme temperatures. Our data invite a novel hypothesis for the evolution of temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD) and suggest that sex chromosomes may exist in many TSD reptiles.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Quinn, Alexander E -- Georges, Arthur -- Sarre, Stephen D -- Guarino, Fiorenzo -- Ezaz, Tariq -- Graves, Jennifer A Marshall -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Apr 20;316(5823):411.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. quinn@aerg.canberra.edu.au〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17446395" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; *Disorders of Sex Development ; Female ; *Gene Dosage ; Genotype ; Lizards/embryology/*genetics/*physiology ; Male ; Phenotype ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sex Chromosomes/genetics ; Sex Determination Processes ; Sex Ratio ; Temperature
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 44
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-09-18
    Beschreibung: Sjoblom et al. (Research Article, 13 October 2006, p. 268) reported nearly 200 novel cancer genes said to have a 90% probability of being involved in colon or breast cancer. However, their analysis raises two statistical concerns. When these concerns are addressed, few genes with significantly elevated mutation rates remain. Although the biological methodology in Sjoblom et al. is sound, more samples are needed to achieve sufficient power.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Getz, Gad -- Hofling, Holger -- Mesirov, Jill P -- Golub, Todd R -- Meyerson, Matthew -- Tibshirani, Robert -- Lander, Eric S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Sep 14;317(5844):1500.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. gadgetz@broad.mit.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17872428" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Breast Neoplasms/*genetics ; Colorectal Neoplasms/*genetics ; *Consensus Sequence ; Female ; *Genes, Neoplasm ; Genome, Human ; Humans ; Male ; *Mutation ; Probability
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 45
    facet.materialart.
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-02-27
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gibbons, Ann -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Feb 23;315(5815):1063.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17322034" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Female ; *Galago ; Male ; Pan troglodytes/*psychology ; *Predatory Behavior ; *Tool Use Behavior
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 46
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-11-17
    Beschreibung: Memory processes are modulated by the biological clock, although the mechanisms are unknown. Here, we report that in the diurnal zebrafish both learning and memory formation of an operant conditioning paradigm occur better during the day than during the night. Melatonin treatment during the day mimics the nighttime suppression of memory formation. Training in constant light improves nighttime memory formation while reducing endogenous melatonin concentrations. Treatment with melatonin receptor antagonists at night dramatically improves memory. Pinealectomy also significantly improves nighttime memory formation. We adduce that melatonin is both sufficient and necessary for poor memory formation during the night.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rawashdeh, Oliver -- de Borsetti, Nancy Hernandez -- Roman, Gregg -- Cahill, Gregory M -- MH60939/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Nov 16;318(5853):1144-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, 369 Science and Research II, Houston, TX 77204-5001, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18006748" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; *Circadian Rhythm ; Darkness ; Male ; Melatonin/*physiology ; Memory/*physiology ; Zebrafish
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 47
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-01-27
    Beschreibung: The normal synovium forms a membrane at the edges of joints and provides lubrication and nutrients for the cartilage. In rheumatoid arthritis, the synovium is the site of inflammation, and it participates in an organized tissue response that damages cartilage and bone. We identified cadherin-11 as essential for the development of the synovium. Cadherin-11-deficient mice have a hypoplastic synovial lining, display a disorganized synovial reaction to inflammation, and are resistant to inflammatory arthritis. Cadherin-11 therapeutics prevent and reduce arthritis in mouse models. Thus, synovial cadherin-11 determines the behavior of synovial cells in their proinflammatory and destructive tissue response in inflammatory arthritis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lee, David M -- Kiener, Hans P -- Agarwal, Sandeep K -- Noss, Erika H -- Watts, Gerald F M -- Chisaka, Osamu -- Takeichi, Masatoshi -- Brenner, Michael B -- K08 AR2214/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 AR48114/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Feb 16;315(5814):1006-10. Epub 2007 Jan 25.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medicine and Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 1 Jimmy Fund Way, Boston, MA 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17255475" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use ; Arthritis, Experimental ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid/metabolism/*pathology/therapy ; Cadherins/*antagonists & inhibitors/biosynthesis/deficiency/*physiology ; Cell Adhesion/physiology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Extracellular Matrix/metabolism ; Fibroblasts/metabolism ; L Cells (Cell Line) ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Organ Culture Techniques ; Synovial Membrane/*cytology/*pathology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 48
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-04-14
    Beschreibung: The rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) is an abundant primate species that diverged from the ancestors of Homo sapiens about 25 million years ago. Because they are genetically and physiologically similar to humans, rhesus monkeys are the most widely used nonhuman primate in basic and applied biomedical research. We determined the genome sequence of an Indian-origin Macaca mulatta female and compared the data with chimpanzees and humans to reveal the structure of ancestral primate genomes and to identify evidence for positive selection and lineage-specific expansions and contractions of gene families. A comparison of sequences from individual animals was used to investigate their underlying genetic diversity. The complete description of the macaque genome blueprint enhances the utility of this animal model for biomedical research and improves our understanding of the basic biology of the species.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rhesus Macaque Genome Sequencing and Analysis Consortium -- Gibbs, Richard A -- Rogers, Jeffrey -- Katze, Michael G -- Bumgarner, Roger -- Weinstock, George M -- Mardis, Elaine R -- Remington, Karin A -- Strausberg, Robert L -- Venter, J Craig -- Wilson, Richard K -- Batzer, Mark A -- Bustamante, Carlos D -- Eichler, Evan E -- Hahn, Matthew W -- Hardison, Ross C -- Makova, Kateryna D -- Miller, Webb -- Milosavljevic, Aleksandar -- Palermo, Robert E -- Siepel, Adam -- Sikela, James M -- Attaway, Tony -- Bell, Stephanie -- Bernard, Kelly E -- Buhay, Christian J -- Chandrabose, Mimi N -- Dao, Marvin -- Davis, Clay -- Delehaunty, Kimberly D -- Ding, Yan -- Dinh, Huyen H -- Dugan-Rocha, Shannon -- Fulton, Lucinda A -- Gabisi, Ramatu Ayiesha -- Garner, Toni T -- Godfrey, Jennifer -- Hawes, Alicia C -- Hernandez, Judith -- Hines, Sandra -- Holder, Michael -- Hume, Jennifer -- Jhangiani, Shalini N -- Joshi, Vandita -- Khan, Ziad Mohid -- Kirkness, Ewen F -- Cree, Andrew -- Fowler, R Gerald -- Lee, Sandra -- Lewis, Lora R -- Li, Zhangwan -- Liu, Yih-Shin -- Moore, Stephanie M -- Muzny, Donna -- Nazareth, Lynne V -- Ngo, Dinh Ngoc -- Okwuonu, Geoffrey O -- Pai, Grace -- Parker, David -- Paul, Heidie A -- Pfannkoch, Cynthia -- Pohl, Craig S -- Rogers, Yu-Hui -- Ruiz, San Juana -- Sabo, Aniko -- Santibanez, Jireh -- Schneider, Brian W -- Smith, Scott M -- Sodergren, Erica -- Svatek, Amanda F -- Utterback, Teresa R -- Vattathil, Selina -- Warren, Wesley -- White, Courtney Sherell -- Chinwalla, Asif T -- Feng, Yucheng -- Halpern, Aaron L -- Hillier, Ladeana W -- Huang, Xiaoqiu -- Minx, Pat -- Nelson, Joanne O -- Pepin, Kymberlie H -- Qin, Xiang -- Sutton, Granger G -- Venter, Eli -- Walenz, Brian P -- Wallis, John W -- Worley, Kim C -- Yang, Shiaw-Pyng -- Jones, Steven M -- Marra, Marco A -- Rocchi, Mariano -- Schein, Jacqueline E -- Baertsch, Robert -- Clarke, Laura -- Csuros, Miklos -- Glasscock, Jarret -- Harris, R Alan -- Havlak, Paul -- Jackson, Andrew R -- Jiang, Huaiyang -- Liu, Yue -- Messina, David N -- Shen, Yufeng -- Song, Henry Xing-Zhi -- Wylie, Todd -- Zhang, Lan -- Birney, Ewan -- Han, Kyudong -- Konkel, Miriam K -- Lee, Jungnam -- Smit, Arian F A -- Ullmer, Brygg -- Wang, Hui -- Xing, Jinchuan -- Burhans, Richard -- Cheng, Ze -- Karro, John E -- Ma, Jian -- Raney, Brian -- She, Xinwei -- Cox, Michael J -- Demuth, Jeffery P -- Dumas, Laura J -- Han, Sang-Gook -- Hopkins, Janet -- Karimpour-Fard, Anis -- Kim, Young H -- Pollack, Jonathan R -- Vinar, Tomas -- Addo-Quaye, Charles -- Degenhardt, Jeremiah -- Denby, Alexandra -- Hubisz, Melissa J -- Indap, Amit -- Kosiol, Carolin -- Lahn, Bruce T -- Lawson, Heather A -- Marklein, Alison -- Nielsen, Rasmus -- Vallender, Eric J -- Clark, Andrew G -- Ferguson, Betsy -- Hernandez, Ryan D -- Hirani, Kashif -- Kehrer-Sawatzki, Hildegard -- Kolb, Jessica -- Patil, Shobha -- Pu, Ling-Ling -- Ren, Yanru -- Smith, David Glenn -- Wheeler, David A -- Schenck, Ian -- Ball, Edward V -- Chen, Rui -- Cooper, David N -- Giardine, Belinda -- Hsu, Fan -- Kent, W James -- Lesk, Arthur -- Nelson, David L -- O'brien, William E -- Prufer, Kay -- Stenson, Peter D -- Wallace, James C -- Ke, Hui -- Liu, Xiao-Ming -- Wang, Peng -- Xiang, Andy Peng -- Yang, Fan -- Barber, Galt P -- Haussler, David -- Karolchik, Donna -- Kern, Andy D -- Kuhn, Robert M -- Smith, Kayla E -- Zwieg, Ann S -- 062023/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- R01 HG002939/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG003068/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG003079/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG003273/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Apr 13;316(5822):222-34.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA. agibbs@bcm.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17431167" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Biomedical Research ; *Evolution, Molecular ; Female ; Gene Duplication ; Gene Rearrangement ; Genetic Diseases, Inborn ; Genetic Variation ; *Genome ; Humans ; Macaca mulatta/*genetics ; Male ; Multigene Family ; Mutation ; Pan troglodytes/genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Species Specificity
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 49
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-03-24
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bhattacharjee, Yudhijit -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Mar 23;315(5819):1659-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17379786" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Arsenic/*analysis ; Arsenic Poisoning/epidemiology/etiology/*prevention & control ; Female ; *Government Programs ; Health Education ; Humans ; India/epidemiology ; Male ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/*analysis/poisoning ; *Water Purification/legislation & jurisprudence/methods/standards ; Water Supply/analysis/*standards
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 50
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-12-01
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gibbons, Ann -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Nov 30;318(5855):1363.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18048658" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; *Body Size ; Female ; *Fossils ; Hominidae/*anatomy & histology/growth & development ; Jaw/anatomy & histology ; Male ; *Sex Characteristics ; Sexual Behavior, Animal ; Skull
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 51
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-10-27
    Beschreibung: Addiction profoundly alters motivational circuits so that drugs become powerful reinforcers of behavior. The interoceptive system continuously updates homeostatic and emotional information that are important elements in motivational decisions. We tested the idea that interoceptive information is essential in drug craving and in the behavioral signs of malaise. We inactivated the primary interoceptive cortex in amphetamine-experienced rats, which prevented the urge to seek amphetamine in a place preference task. Interoceptive insula inactivation also blunted the signs of malaise induced by acute lithium administration. Drug-seeking and malaise both induced Fos expression, a marker of neuronal activation, in the insula. We conclude that the insular cortex is a key structure in the perception of bodily needs that provides direction to motivated behaviors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Contreras, Marco -- Ceric, Francisco -- Torrealba, Fernando -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Oct 26;318(5850):655-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Departamento de Fisiologia, Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago 6513677, Chile.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17962567" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amphetamine-Related Disorders/*physiopathology ; Animals ; *Behavior, Addictive ; *Behavior, Animal/drug effects ; Cerebral Cortex/*physiology/physiopathology ; Conditioning (Psychology) ; Dextroamphetamine/administration & dosage ; Fatigue/*chemically induced ; Lidocaine/administration & dosage/pharmacology ; Lithium Chloride/administration & dosage/*pharmacology ; Male ; Motor Activity/*drug effects ; Rats
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 52
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-02-03
    Beschreibung: Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) detect viruses in the acidified endosomes by means of Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Yet, pDC responses to certain single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) viruses occur only after live viral infection. We present evidence here that the recognition of such viruses by TLR7 requires transport of cytosolic viral replication intermediates into the lysosome by the process of autophagy. In addition, autophagy was found to be required for the production of interferon-alpha by pDCs. These results support a key role for autophagy in mediating ssRNA virus detection and interferon-alpha secretion by pDCs and suggest that cytosolic replication intermediates of viruses serve as pathogen signatures recognized by TLR7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lee, Heung Kyu -- Lund, Jennifer M -- Ramanathan, Balaji -- Mizushima, Noboru -- Iwasaki, Akiko -- AI054359/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI064705/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI07019/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Mar 9;315(5817):1398-401. Epub 2007 Feb 1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17272685" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; *Autophagy ; Dendritic Cells/*immunology/physiology/*virology ; Endosomes/immunology/virology ; Female ; Immunity, Innate ; Interferon-alpha/metabolism ; Interleukin-12/metabolism ; Lysosomes/virology ; Male ; Membrane Glycoproteins/*immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Phagosomes/physiology/ultrastructure ; RNA, Viral/*immunology/metabolism ; Rhabdoviridae Infections/*immunology ; Toll-Like Receptor 7/*immunology ; Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus/*immunology/physiology ; Virus Replication
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 53
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-09-08
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Miller, Greg -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Sep 7;317(5843):1341-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17823341" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Behavior ; *Computer Simulation ; Female ; Group Processes ; Humans ; Internet ; Male ; Mass Behavior ; Social Identification ; *Video Games/psychology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 54
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-07-07
    Beschreibung: Inflammation is increasingly recognized as an important component of tumorigenesis, although the mechanisms and pathways involved are not well understood. Tumor development is regulated by products of several modifier genes, but instructions for their tumor-specific expression are currently unknown. We show that the signaling through the adaptor protein MyD88 has a critical role in spontaneous tumor development in mice with heterozygous mutation in the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene. We found that MyD88-dependent signaling controls the expression of several key modifier genes of intestinal tumorigenesis and has a critical role in both spontaneous and carcinogen-induced tumor development. This study thus reveals the important role of an innate immune signaling pathway in intestinal tumorigenesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rakoff-Nahoum, Seth -- Medzhitov, Ruslan -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jul 6;317(5834):124-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17615359" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Apoptosis ; Cell Proliferation ; Colonic Neoplasms/genetics/immunology/pathology/physiopathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Genes, APC ; Immunity, Innate ; Intestinal Neoplasms/genetics/immunology/pathology/*physiopathology ; Intestine, Large/pathology ; Intestine, Small/pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88/genetics/*physiology ; *Signal Transduction
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 55
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-09-22
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gibbons, Ann -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Sep 21;317(5845):1664.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17885102" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adolescent ; Adult ; Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Body Size ; Bone and Bones ; Female ; *Fossils ; Georgia (Republic) ; *Hominidae/classification ; Humans ; Male
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 56
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-08-25
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Miller, Greg -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Aug 24;317(5841):1020-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17717160" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Body Image ; Brain/physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Illusions ; Male ; Perceptual Distortion ; Touch
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 57
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-09-08
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Miller, Greg -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Sep 7;317(5843):1338-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17823339" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Aggression ; Animals ; Animals, Wild ; Biological Evolution ; *Cooperative Behavior ; Dogs ; Female ; Male ; *Pan paniscus ; *Pan troglodytes
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 58
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-12-15
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Reitz, Stuart R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Dec 14;318(5857):1733-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Tallahassee, FL 32308, USA. stuart.reitz@ars.usda.gov〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18079389" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Australia ; China ; *Ecosystem ; Female ; Hemiptera/classification/genetics/*physiology ; Male ; Population Dynamics ; Reproduction ; *Sexual Behavior, Animal
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 59
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-03-24
    Beschreibung: Grid cells in layer II of rat entorhinal cortex fire to spatial locations in a repeating hexagonal grid, with smaller spacing between grid fields for neurons in more dorsal anatomical locations. Data from in vitro whole-cell patch recordings showed differences in frequency of subthreshold membrane potential oscillations in entorhinal neurons that correspond to different positions along the dorsal-to-ventral axis, supporting a model of physiological mechanisms for grid cell responses.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2950607/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2950607/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Giocomo, Lisa M -- Zilli, Eric A -- Fransen, Erik -- Hasselmo, Michael E -- DA16454/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- MH60013/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH71702/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- P50 MH071702/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- P50 MH071702-01A20004/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 DA016454/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- R01 DA016454-04/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- R01 DA016454-05/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH060013/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH060013-05/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH060013-06/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH061492/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH061492-05/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Mar 23;315(5819):1719-22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Memory and Brain, Department of Psychology, Program in Neuroscience, Boston University, 2 Cummington Street, Boston, MA 02215, USA. giocomo@bu.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17379810" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Algorithms ; Animals ; Computer Simulation ; Dendrites/physiology ; Electric Stimulation ; Entorhinal Cortex/*cytology/*physiology ; Female ; In Vitro Techniques ; Male ; Mathematics ; Membrane Potentials ; Models, Neurological ; Movement ; Neurons/cytology/*physiology ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Periodicity ; Rats ; Rats, Long-Evans ; Space Perception ; Time Factors
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 60
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-08-25
    Beschreibung: Humans normally experience the conscious self as localized within their bodily borders. This spatial unity may break down in certain neurological conditions such as out-of-body experiences, leading to a striking disturbance of bodily self-consciousness. On the basis of these clinical data, we designed an experiment that uses conflicting visual-somatosensory input in virtual reality to disrupt the spatial unity between the self and the body. We found that during multisensory conflict, participants felt as if a virtual body seen in front of them was their own body and mislocalized themselves toward the virtual body, to a position outside their bodily borders. Our results indicate that spatial unity and bodily self-consciousness can be studied experimentally and are based on multisensory and cognitive processing of bodily information.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lenggenhager, Bigna -- Tadi, Tej -- Metzinger, Thomas -- Blanke, Olaf -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Aug 24;317(5841):1096-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Station 15, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17717189" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; *Body Image ; Cognition ; Female ; Humans ; Illusions ; Male ; Perceptual Distortion ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Touch
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 61
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-04-28
    Beschreibung: By screening N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea-mutagenized animals for alterations in rhythms of wheel-running activity, we identified a mouse mutation, after hours (Afh). The mutation, a Cys(358)Ser substitution in Fbxl3, an F-box protein with leucine-rich repeats, results in long free-running rhythms of about 27 hours in homozygotes. Circadian transcriptional and translational oscillations are attenuated in Afh mice. The Afh allele significantly affected Per2 expression and delayed the rate of Cry protein degradation in Per2::Luciferase tissue slices. Our in vivo and in vitro studies reveal a central role for Fbxl3 in mammalian circadian timekeeping.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Godinho, Sofia I H -- Maywood, Elizabeth S -- Shaw, Linda -- Tucci, Valter -- Barnard, Alun R -- Busino, Luca -- Pagano, Michele -- Kendall, Rachel -- Quwailid, Mohamed M -- Romero, M Rosario -- O'neill, John -- Chesham, Johanna E -- Brooker, Debra -- Lalanne, Zuzanna -- Hastings, Michael H -- Nolan, Patrick M -- MC_U105170643/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- MC_U142684172/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- MC_U142684173/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- MC_U142684175/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 May 11;316(5826):897-900. Epub 2007 Apr 26.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Medical Research Council (MRC) Mammalian Genetics Unit, Harwell, Oxfordshire OX11 0RD, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17463252" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): ARNTL Transcription Factors ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Amino Acid Substitution ; Animals ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/genetics/metabolism ; CLOCK Proteins ; COS Cells ; Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Cercopithecus aethiops ; *Circadian Rhythm/genetics ; Crosses, Genetic ; Cryptochromes ; F-Box Proteins/*genetics/*physiology ; Female ; Flavoproteins/genetics/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Liver/metabolism ; Lung/metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C3H ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nuclear Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Period Circadian Proteins ; *Point Mutation ; Suprachiasmatic Nucleus/metabolism ; Trans-Activators/genetics/metabolism ; Transcription Factors/genetics/metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 62
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-12-01
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2174918/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2174918/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Diamond, Adele -- Barnett, W Steven -- Thomas, Jessica -- Munro, Sarah -- R01 DA019685/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- R01 DA019685-16A2/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- R01 DA19685/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Nov 30;318(5855):1387-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A1; BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada. adele.diamond@ubc.ca〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18048670" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Attention ; Child, Preschool ; *Cognition ; *Curriculum ; *Early Intervention (Education) ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Memory ; Neuropsychological Tests ; *Schools, Nursery
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 63
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-11-17
    Beschreibung: Transection of the direct cortico-motoneuronal pathway at the mid-cervical segment of the spinal cord in the macaque monkey results in a transient impairment of finger movements. Finger dexterity recovers within a few months. Combined brain imaging and reversible pharmacological inactivation of motor cortical regions suggest that the recovery involves the bilateral primary motor cortex during the early recovery stage and more extensive regions of the contralesional primary motor cortex and bilateral premotor cortex during the late recovery stage. These changes in the activation pattern of frontal motor-related areas represent an adaptive strategy for functional compensation after spinal cord injury.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nishimura, Yukio -- Onoe, Hirotaka -- Morichika, Yosuke -- Perfiliev, Sergei -- Tsukada, Hideo -- Isa, Tadashi -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Nov 16;318(5853):1150-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Developmental Physiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18006750" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adaptation, Physiological ; Animals ; Brain Mapping ; Female ; Fingers/*physiopathology ; GABA Agonists ; Learning ; Macaca ; Macaca mulatta ; Male ; *Motor Skills ; Muscimol ; Nerve Net/physiopathology ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; *Recovery of Function ; Spinal Cord Injuries/*physiopathology/rehabilitation ; Time Factors
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 64
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    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-10-06
    Beschreibung: New Caledonian crows (Corvus moneduloides) are renowned for using tools for extractive foraging, but the ecological context of this unusual behavior is largely unknown. We developed miniaturized, animal-borne video cameras to record the undisturbed behavior and foraging ecology of wild, free-ranging crows. Our video recordings enabled an estimate of the species' natural foraging efficiency and revealed that tool use, and choice of tool materials, are more diverse than previously thought. Video tracking has potential for studying the behavior and ecology of many other bird species that are shy or live in inaccessible habitats.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rutz, Christian -- Bluff, Lucas A -- Weir, Alex A S -- Kacelnik, Alex -- BB/C517392/1/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Nov 2;318(5851):765. Epub 2007 Oct 4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK. christian.rutz@zoo.ox.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17916693" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Animals, Wild ; *Behavior, Animal ; Crows/*physiology ; Ecology ; Feeding Behavior ; Male ; Miniaturization ; Tool Use Behavior ; *Videotape Recording
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 65
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-01-16
    Beschreibung: Herbert et al. (Reports, 14 April 2006, p. 279) reported an association between the INSIG2 gene variant rs7566605 and obesity in four sample populations, under a recessive model. We attempted to replicate this result in 10,265 Caucasian individuals, combining family-based, case-control, and general population studies, but found no support for a major role of this variant in obesity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dina, Christian -- Meyre, David -- Samson, Chantal -- Tichet, Jean -- Marre, Michel -- Jouret, Beatrice -- Charles, Marie Aline -- Balkau, Beverley -- Froguel, Philippe -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jan 12;315(5809):187; author reply 187.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉CNRS 8090-Institute of Biology, Pasteur Institute, Lille, France. dina@good.ibl.fr〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17218508" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; *Body Mass Index ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; European Continental Ancestry Group ; Family ; Female ; France ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; *Genetic Variation ; Humans ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/*genetics ; Male ; Membrane Proteins/*genetics ; Obesity/*genetics ; *Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 66
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-12-08
    Beschreibung: It has recently been demonstrated that mouse and human fibroblasts can be reprogrammed into an embryonic stem cell-like state by introducing combinations of four transcription factors. However, the therapeutic potential of such induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells remained undefined. By using a humanized sickle cell anemia mouse model, we show that mice can be rescued after transplantation with hematopoietic progenitors obtained in vitro from autologous iPS cells. This was achieved after correction of the human sickle hemoglobin allele by gene-specific targeting. Our results provide proof of principle for using transcription factor-induced reprogramming combined with gene and cell therapy for disease treatment in mice. The problems associated with using retroviruses and oncogenes for reprogramming need to be resolved before iPS cells can be considered for human therapy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hanna, Jacob -- Wernig, Marius -- Markoulaki, Styliani -- Sun, Chiao-Wang -- Meissner, Alexander -- Cassady, John P -- Beard, Caroline -- Brambrink, Tobias -- Wu, Li-Chen -- Townes, Tim M -- Jaenisch, Rudolf -- 2-R01-HL057619/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- 5-R37-CA084198/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- 5-RO1-CA087869/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- 5-RO1-HDO45022/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Dec 21;318(5858):1920-3. Epub 2007 Dec 6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18063756" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Anemia, Sickle Cell/blood/physiopathology/*therapy ; Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; *Cellular Reprogramming ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics ; Disease Models, Animal ; Embryonic Stem Cells/cytology ; Erythrocyte Count ; Fibroblasts/*cytology ; Genes, myc ; Globins/genetics ; Hematopoiesis ; *Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/*cytology ; Hemoglobin A/analysis ; Hemoglobin, Sickle/analysis ; Humans ; Kidney Concentrating Ability ; Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors/genetics ; Male ; Mice ; Octamer Transcription Factor-3/genetics ; Pluripotent Stem Cells/*cytology ; SOXB1 Transcription Factors ; Trans-Activators/genetics ; Transduction, Genetic
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 67
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-09-22
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉DiNardo, Steve -- Braun, Robert E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Sep 21;317(5845):1696-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6058, USA. sdinardo@mail.med.upenn.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17885122" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Male ; Mice ; Pluripotent Stem Cells/cytology ; Spermatogonia/*cytology ; Testis/*cytology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 68
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    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-01-27
    Beschreibung: A number of brain systems have been implicated in addictive behavior, but none have yet been shown to be necessary for maintaining the addiction to cigarette smoking. We found that smokers with brain damage involving the insula, a region implicated in conscious urges, were more likely than smokers with brain damage not involving the insula to undergo a disruption of smoking addiction, characterized by the ability to quit smoking easily, immediately, without relapse, and without persistence of the urge to smoke. This result suggests that the insula is a critical neural substrate in the addiction to smoking.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3698854/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3698854/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Naqvi, Nasir H -- Rudrauf, David -- Damasio, Hanna -- Bechara, Antoine -- F30 DA016847/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- P01 NS019632/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R21 DA016708/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- R21 DA16708/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jan 26;315(5811):531-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17255515" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Aged ; Brain Damage, Chronic/pathology/*physiopathology/psychology ; Brain Mapping ; Cerebral Cortex/*physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Motivation ; *Smoking Cessation ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Tobacco Use Disorder/*physiopathology/psychology/therapy
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 69
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-07-07
    Beschreibung: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common liver cancer, occurs mainly in men. Similar gender disparity is seen in mice given a chemical carcinogen, diethylnitrosamine (DEN). DEN administration caused greater increases in serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) concentration in males than it did in females. Furthermore, ablation of IL-6 abolished the gender differences in hepatocarcinogenesis in mice. DEN exposure promoted production of IL-6 in Kupffer cells (KCs) in a manner dependent on the Toll-like receptor adaptor protein MyD88, ablation of which also protected male mice from DEN-induced hepatocarcinogenesis. Estrogen inhibited secretion of IL-6 from KCs exposed to necrotic hepatocytes and reduced circulating concentrations of IL-6 in DEN-treated male mice. We propose that estrogen-mediated inhibition of IL-6 production by KCs reduces liver cancer risk in females, and these findings may be used to prevent HCC in males.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Naugler, Willscott E -- Sakurai, Toshiharu -- Kim, Sunhwa -- Maeda, Shin -- Kim, Kyounghyun -- Elsharkawy, Ahmed M -- Karin, Michael -- CA118165/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- DK007202/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- ES004151/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- ES006376/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA118165/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 ES006376/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- T32 CA121938/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jul 6;317(5834):121-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, CA 93093, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17615358" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Carbon Tetrachloride/administration & dosage ; Diethylnitrosamine/administration & dosage/metabolism ; Estradiol/pharmacology ; Female ; Hepatocytes ; Interleukin-6/blood/genetics/*metabolism ; Kupffer Cells/*metabolism ; Liver/metabolism/pathology ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/chemically induced/immunology/*physiopathology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88/*physiology ; Necrosis ; Ovariectomy ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; *Sex Characteristics
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 70
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-02-10
    Beschreibung: Rett syndrome is an autism spectrum disorder caused by mosaic expression of mutant copies of the X-linked MECP2 gene in neurons. However, neurons do not die, which suggests that this is not a neurodegenerative disorder. An important question for future therapeutic approaches to this and related disorders concerns phenotypic reversibility. Can viable but defective neurons be repaired, or is the damage done during development without normal MeCP2 irrevocable? Using a mouse model, we demonstrate robust phenotypic reversal, as activation of MeCP2 expression leads to striking loss of advanced neurological symptoms in both immature and mature adult animals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Guy, Jacky -- Gan, Jian -- Selfridge, Jim -- Cobb, Stuart -- Bird, Adrian -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Feb 23;315(5815):1143-7. Epub 2007 Feb 8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, Edinburgh University, King's Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3JR, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17289941" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Brain/metabolism ; Chimera ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Gene Targeting ; Long-Term Potentiation ; Male ; Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2/*genetics/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Neurons/*physiology ; Phenotype ; Rett Syndrome/*genetics/physiopathology/*therapy ; Synaptic Transmission ; Tamoxifen/pharmacology ; Transgenes
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 71
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    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-06-26
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lyerly, Anne Drapkin -- Faden, Ruth R -- K01 HL79517-01/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jul 6;317(5834):46-7. Epub 2007 Jun 21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA. lyerl003@mc.duke.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17588897" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Cross-Sectional Studies ; Cryopreservation ; *Directed Tissue Donation ; *Embryo Disposition ; *Embryo Research ; *Embryo, Mammalian ; *Embryonic Stem Cells ; Female ; Humans ; Infertility ; Informed Consent ; Male ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 72
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-08-25
    Beschreibung: Changes in the concentration of oxidants in cells can regulate biochemical signaling mechanisms that control cell function. We have found that guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cGMP)-dependent protein kinase (PKG) functions directly as a redox sensor. The Ialpha isoform, PKGIalpha, formed an interprotein disulfide linking its two subunits in cells exposed to exogenous hydrogen peroxide. This oxidation directly activated the kinase in vitro, and in rat cells and tissues. The affinity of the kinase for substrates it phosphorylates was enhanced by disulfide formation. This oxidation-induced activation represents an alternate mechanism for regulation along with the classical activation involving nitric oxide and cGMP. This mechanism underlies cGMP-independent vasorelaxation in response to oxidants in the cardiovascular system and provides a molecular explantion for how hydrogen peroxide can operate as an endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Burgoyne, Joseph R -- Madhani, Melanie -- Cuello, Friederike -- Charles, Rebecca L -- Brennan, Jonathan P -- Schroder, Ewald -- Browning, Darren D -- Eaton, Philip -- G0700320/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Sep 7;317(5843):1393-7. Epub 2007 Aug 23.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Division, King's College London, Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17717153" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Aorta ; Cell Line ; Cyclic GMP/metabolism ; Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Type I ; Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinases/genetics/*metabolism ; Cysteine/*metabolism ; Disulfides/metabolism ; Enzyme Activation ; Humans ; Hydrogen Peroxide/metabolism ; Male ; Nitric Oxide/metabolism ; Oxidants/*metabolism ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxidative Stress ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Signal Transduction ; Tissue Culture Techniques ; Transfection ; Vasodilation/physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 73
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-12-22
    Beschreibung: In a randomized controlled trial, we compared abandoned children reared in institutions to abandoned children placed in institutions but then moved to foster care. Young children living in institutions were randomly assigned to continued institutional care or to placement in foster care, and their cognitive development was tracked through 54 months of age. The cognitive outcome of children who remained in the institution was markedly below that of never-institutionalized children and children taken out of the institution and placed into foster care. The improved cognitive outcomes we observed at 42 and 54 months were most marked for the youngest children placed in foster care. These results point to the negative sequelae of early institutionalization, suggest a possible sensitive period in cognitive development, and underscore the advantages of family placements for young abandoned children.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nelson, Charles A 3rd -- Zeanah, Charles H -- Fox, Nathan A -- Marshall, Peter J -- Smyke, Anna T -- Guthrie, Donald -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Dec 21;318(5858):1937-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Harvard Medical School and Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18096809" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Age Factors ; *Child Development ; Child Rearing ; Child Welfare ; *Child, Abandoned ; *Child, Institutionalized ; Child, Preschool ; *Cognition ; *Early Intervention (Education) ; Female ; *Foster Home Care ; Humans ; Infant ; Intelligence ; Male ; Orphanages ; *Psychosocial Deprivation ; Romania
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 74
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-08-11
    Beschreibung: Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness. A genome-wide search yielded multiple single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the 15q24.1 region associated with glaucoma. Further investigation revealed that the association is confined to exfoliation glaucoma (XFG). Two nonsynonymous SNPs in exon 1 of the gene LOXL1 explain the association, and the data suggest that they confer risk of XFG mainly through exfoliation syndrome (XFS). About 25% of the general population is homozygous for the highest-risk haplotype, and their risk of suffering from XFG is more than 100 times that of individuals carrying only low-risk haplotypes. The population-attributable risk is more than 99%. The product of LOXL1 catalyzes the formation of elastin fibers found to be a major component of the lesions in XFG.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Thorleifsson, Gudmar -- Magnusson, Kristinn P -- Sulem, Patrick -- Walters, G Bragi -- Gudbjartsson, Daniel F -- Stefansson, Hreinn -- Jonsson, Thorlakur -- Jonasdottir, Adalbjorg -- Jonasdottir, Aslaug -- Stefansdottir, Gerdur -- Masson, Gisli -- Hardarson, Gudmundur A -- Petursson, Hjorvar -- Arnarsson, Arsaell -- Motallebipour, Mehdi -- Wallerman, Ola -- Wadelius, Claes -- Gulcher, Jeffrey R -- Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur -- Kong, Augustine -- Jonasson, Fridbert -- Stefansson, Kari -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Sep 7;317(5843):1397-400. Epub 2007 Aug 9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉deCODE genetics Inc, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17690259" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adipose Tissue/metabolism ; Amino Acid Oxidoreductases/*genetics ; Case-Control Studies ; Chi-Square Distribution ; Exfoliation Syndrome/*genetics ; Female ; Gene Expression ; *Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; Glaucoma/*genetics ; Glaucoma, Open-Angle/genetics ; Humans ; Iceland ; Male ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 75
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-03-31
    Beschreibung: Attention can be focused volitionally by "top-down" signals derived from task demands and automatically by "bottom-up" signals from salient stimuli. The frontal and parietal cortices are involved, but their neural activity has not been directly compared. Therefore, we recorded from them simultaneously in monkeys. Prefrontal neurons reflected the target location first during top-down attention, whereas parietal neurons signaled it earlier during bottom-up attention. Synchrony between frontal and parietal areas was stronger in lower frequencies during top-down attention and in higher frequencies during bottom-up attention. This result indicates that top-down and bottom-up signals arise from the frontal and sensory cortex, respectively, and different modes of attention may emphasize synchrony at different frequencies.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Buschman, Timothy J -- Miller, Earl K -- R01NS035145/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Mar 30;315(5820):1860-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, RIKEN-MIT Neuroscience Research Center, and Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17395832" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Action Potentials ; Animals ; Attention/*physiology ; Electrophysiology ; Frontal Lobe ; Macaca mulatta ; Male ; Neurons/*physiology ; Parietal Lobe/*physiology ; Prefrontal Cortex/*physiology ; Reaction Time ; Saccades
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 76
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-01-16
    Beschreibung: Herbert et al. (Reports, 14 April 2006, p. 279) found that the rs7566605 genetic variant, located upstream of the INSIG2 gene, was consistently associated with increased body mass index. However, we found no evidence of association between rs7566605 and body mass index in two large ethnically homogeneous population-based cohorts. On the contrary, an opposite tendency was observed.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2719286/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2719286/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Loos, Ruth J F -- Barroso, Ines -- O'rahilly, Stephen -- Wareham, Nicholas J -- 077016/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- G9824984/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- MC_U106179471/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- MC_U106188470/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jan 12;315(5809):187; author reply 187.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, Cambridge, UK. ruth.loos@mrc-epid.cam.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17218509" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Alleles ; *Body Mass Index ; Cohort Studies ; European Continental Ancestry Group ; Female ; Genes, Recessive ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; *Genetic Variation ; Genotype ; Humans ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/*genetics ; Male ; Membrane Proteins/*genetics ; Obesity/*genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 77
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-07-14
    Beschreibung: Whether memories can be suppressed has been a controversial issue in psychology and cognitive neuroscience for decades. We found evidence that emotional memories are suppressed via two time-differentiated neural mechanisms: (i) an initial suppression by the right inferior frontal gyrus over regions supporting sensory components of the memory representation (visual cortex, thalamus), followed by (ii) right medial frontal gyrus control over regions supporting multimodal and emotional components of the memory representation (hippocampus, amygdala), both of which are influenced by fronto-polar regions. These results indicate that memory suppression does occur and, at least in nonpsychiatric populations, is under the control of prefrontal regions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Depue, Brendan E -- Curran, Tim -- Banich, Marie T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jul 13;317(5835):215-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA. depue@colorado.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17626877" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Amygdala/physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Cognition ; Cues ; *Emotions ; Female ; Frontal Lobe/physiology ; Hippocampus/physiology ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; *Memory ; Mental Recall ; Prefrontal Cortex/*physiology ; Pulvinar/physiology ; *Repression, Psychology ; Thinking ; Visual Cortex/physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 78
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-04-21
    Beschreibung: Nearly half of the mammalian genome is composed of repeated sequences. In Drosophila, Piwi proteins exert control over transposons. However, mammalian Piwi proteins, MIWI and MILI, partner with Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) that are depleted of repeat sequences, which raises questions about a role for mammalian Piwi's in transposon control. A search for murine small RNAs that might program Piwi proteins for transposon suppression revealed developmentally regulated piRNA loci, some of which resemble transposon master control loci of Drosophila. We also find evidence of an adaptive amplification loop in which MILI catalyzes the formation of piRNA 5' ends. Mili mutants derepress LINE-1 (L1) and intracisternal A particle and lose DNA methylation of L1 elements, demonstrating an evolutionarily conserved role for PIWI proteins in transposon suppression.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Aravin, Alexei A -- Sachidanandam, Ravi -- Girard, Angelique -- Fejes-Toth, Katalin -- Hannon, Gregory J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 May 4;316(5825):744-7. Epub 2007 Apr 19.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Watson School of Biological Sciences, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI), 1 Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17446352" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): 3' Untranslated Regions ; Animals ; Argonaute Proteins ; Cluster Analysis ; Computational Biology ; DNA Methylation ; Genes, Intracisternal A-Particle ; Long Interspersed Nucleotide Elements ; Male ; Meiosis ; Mice ; Mutation ; Proteins/*metabolism ; RNA, Antisense/genetics/metabolism ; RNA, Untranslated/*genetics/metabolism ; *Retroelements ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Short Interspersed Nucleotide Elements ; Spermatocytes/cytology/*metabolism ; Spermatogenesis ; *Suppression, Genetic
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  • 79
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-04-07
    Beschreibung: Memory encoding occurs rapidly, but the consolidation of memory in the neocortex has long been held to be a more gradual process. We now report, however, that systems consolidation can occur extremely quickly if an associative "schema" into which new information is incorporated has previously been created. In experiments using a hippocampal-dependent paired-associate task for rats, the memory of flavor-place associations became persistent over time as a putative neocortical schema gradually developed. New traces, trained for only one trial, then became assimilated and rapidly hippocampal-independent. Schemas also played a causal role in the creation of lasting associative memory representations during one-trial learning. The concept of neocortical schemas may unite psychological accounts of knowledge structures with neurobiological theories of systems memory consolidation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tse, Dorothy -- Langston, Rosamund F -- Kakeyama, Masaki -- Bethus, Ingrid -- Spooner, Patrick A -- Wood, Emma R -- Witter, Menno P -- Morris, Richard G M -- G9200370/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Apr 6;316(5821):76-82.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory for Cognitive Neuroscience, Centre for Cognitive and Neural Systems, and Centre for Neuroscience Research, University of Edinburgh, 1 George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, Scotland, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17412951" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Association Learning ; Cues ; Hippocampus/*physiology ; Male ; *Memory ; Mental Recall ; Neocortex/*physiology ; Rats ; Time Factors
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  • 80
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-11-10
    Beschreibung: The most ecologically successful and destructive termite species are those with both a nymph caste and an irreversibly wingless worker caste. The early developmental bifurcation separating these castes is widely accepted to be strictly environmentally determined. We present evidence that genotype also influences this process. Offspring from four different crosses of nymph- and worker-derived secondary reproductive individuals had strongly differentiated caste and sex ratios, despite uniform rearing conditions. These data fit an X-linked, one-locus-two-allele model. Of five possible genotypes, one was lethal, two resulted in workers, and two resulted in either nymphs or environmentally determined workers. Caste is thus controlled both by environment and by a complex genetic inheritance pattern.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hayashi, Yoshinobu -- Lo, Nathan -- Miyata, Hitoshi -- Kitade, Osamu -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Nov 9;318(5852):985-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Natural History Laboratory, College of Science, Ibaraki University, Mito, Ibaraki 310-8512, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17991866" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Alleles ; Animals ; Behavior, Animal ; Biological Evolution ; Crosses, Genetic ; Female ; *Genes, Insect ; *Genes, X-Linked ; Genotype ; Inheritance Patterns ; Isoptera/*genetics/growth & development/*physiology ; Male ; Models, Genetic ; Nymph/genetics/physiology ; Parthenogenesis ; Reproduction ; Sex Ratio ; Social Behavior
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 81
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-09-18
    Beschreibung: Many salmonids have become at risk of extinction. For teleosts whose eggs cannot be cryopreserved, developing techniques other than egg cryopreservation to save genetic resources is imperative. In this study, spermatogonia from rainbow trout were intraperitoneally transplanted into newly hatched sterile triploid masu salmon. Transplanted trout spermatogonia underwent spermatogenesis and oogenesis in male and female recipients, respectively. At 2 years after transplantation, triploid salmon recipients only produced trout sperm and eggs. With use of these salmon as parents, we successfully produced only donor-derived trout offspring. Thus, by transplanting cryopreserved spermatogonia into sterile xenogeneic recipients, we can generate individuals of a threatened species.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Okutsu, Tomoyuki -- Shikina, Shinya -- Kanno, Megumi -- Takeuchi, Yutaka -- Yoshizaki, Goro -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Sep 14;317(5844):1517.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17872437" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Cryopreservation ; Female ; Fertilization ; Male ; *Oncorhynchus/embryology/genetics/physiology ; *Oncorhynchus mykiss/genetics ; Oocytes/physiology ; *Polyploidy ; *Reproduction ; Spermatogonia/physiology/*transplantation ; *Transplantation, Heterologous
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 82
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-08-25
    Beschreibung: I report an illusion in which individuals experience that they are located outside their physical bodies and looking at their bodies from this perspective. This demonstrates that the experience of being localized within the physical body can be determined by the visual perspective in conjunction with correlated multisensory information from the body.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ehrsson, H Henrik -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Aug 24;317(5841):1048.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, 12 Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK. Henrik.Ehrsson@ki.se.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17717177" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; *Body Image ; Female ; Humans ; Illusions ; Male ; Perceptual Distortion ; Touch
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 83
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-09-01
    Beschreibung: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are evolutionarily conserved, 18- to 25-nucleotide, non-protein coding transcripts that posttranscriptionally regulate gene expression during development. miRNAs also occur in postmitotic cells, such as neurons in the mammalian central nervous system, but their function is less well characterized. We investigated the role of miRNAs in mammalian midbrain dopaminergic neurons (DNs). We identified a miRNA, miR-133b, that is specifically expressed in midbrain DNs and is deficient in midbrain tissue from patients with Parkinson's disease. miR-133b regulates the maturation and function of midbrain DNs within a negative feedback circuit that includes the paired-like homeodomain transcription factor Pitx3. We propose a role for this feedback circuit in the fine-tuning of dopaminergic behaviors such as locomotion.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2782470/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2782470/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kim, Jongpil -- Inoue, Keiichi -- Ishii, Jennifer -- Vanti, William B -- Voronov, Sergey V -- Murchison, Elizabeth -- Hannon, Gregory -- Abeliovich, Asa -- R01 NS064433/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS064433-01/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Aug 31;317(5842):1220-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Departments of Pathology and Neurology, Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, and Taub Institute, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons 15-403, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17761882" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): 3' Untranslated Regions/metabolism ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Dopamine/*metabolism ; Embryonic Stem Cells ; *Feedback, Physiological ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Homeodomain Proteins/*metabolism ; Humans ; Locomotion ; Male ; Mesencephalon/cytology/*metabolism ; Mice ; MicroRNAs/*metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Models, Biological ; Neurons/cytology/*metabolism ; Parkinson Disease/metabolism ; Rats ; Ribonuclease III/genetics/metabolism ; Transcription Factors/*metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 84
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-07-14
    Beschreibung: The ratio of males to females in a species is often considered to be relatively constant, at least over ecological time. Hamilton noted that the spread of "selfish" sex ratio-distorting elements could be rapid and produce a switch to highly biased population sex ratios. Selection against a highly skewed sex ratio should promote the spread of mutations that suppress the sex ratio distortion. We show that in the butterfly Hypolimnas bolina the suppression of sex biases occurs extremely fast, with a switch from a 100:1 population sex ratio to 1:1 occurring in fewer than 10 generations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Charlat, Sylvain -- Hornett, Emily A -- Fullard, James H -- Davies, Neil -- Roderick, George K -- Wedell, Nina -- Hurst, Gregory D D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jul 13;317(5835):214.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, University College London, 4 Stephenson Way, London NW1 2HE, UK. s.charlat@ucl.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17626876" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Butterflies/genetics/*microbiology/*physiology ; Female ; Genes, Insect ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Reproduction ; Samoa ; Selection, Genetic ; *Sex Ratio ; Wolbachia/genetics/*physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 85
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-01-27
    Beschreibung: People typically exhibit greater sensitivity to losses than to equivalent gains when making decisions. We investigated neural correlates of loss aversion while individuals decided whether to accept or reject gambles that offered a 50/50 chance of gaining or losing money. A broad set of areas (including midbrain dopaminergic regions and their targets) showed increasing activity as potential gains increased. Potential losses were represented by decreasing activity in several of these same gain-sensitive areas. Finally, individual differences in behavioral loss aversion were predicted by a measure of neural loss aversion in several regions, including the ventral striatum and prefrontal cortex.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tom, Sabrina M -- Fox, Craig R -- Trepel, Christopher -- Poldrack, Russell A -- P20 RR020750/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jan 26;315(5811):515-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Franz Hall, Box 951563, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1563, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17255512" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Basal Ganglia/physiology ; Brain/*physiology ; Brain Mapping ; *Decision Making ; Dopamine/physiology ; Female ; Frontal Lobe/physiology ; *Gambling ; Games, Experimental ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Mesencephalon/physiology ; Prefrontal Cortex/physiology ; Probability ; Regression Analysis
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 86
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-03-31
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, Eliot -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Mar 30;315(5820):1780.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17395802" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Databases, Nucleic Acid ; Ethics Committees, Research ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; *Genetic Privacy/ethics ; *Genome, Human ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Male ; *Sequence Analysis, DNA/ethics ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 87
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-02-17
    Beschreibung: For many insects, the polarization pattern of the blue sky serves as a compass cue for spatial navigation. E-vector orientations are detected by photoreceptors in a dorsal rim area of the eye. Polarized-light signals from both eyes are finally integrated in the central complex, a brain area consisting of two subunits, the protocerebral bridge and the central body. Here we show that a topographic representation of zenithal E-vector orientations underlies the columnar organization of the protocerebral bridge in a locust. The maplike arrangement is highly suited to signal head orientation under the open sky.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Heinze, Stanley -- Homberg, Uwe -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Feb 16;315(5814):995-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Animal Physiology, Department of Biology, Philipps University, 35032 Marburg, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17303756" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Female ; Ganglia, Invertebrate/*physiology ; Grasshoppers/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Light ; Male ; Neurons/physiology ; Photoreceptor Cells, Invertebrate/physiology ; Space Perception/physiology ; Vision, Ocular/physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 88
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-08-04
    Beschreibung: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) trigger the production of inflammatory cytokines and shape adaptive and innate immunity to pathogens. We report the identification of B cell leukemia (Bcl)-3 as an essential negative regulator of TLR signaling. By blocking ubiquitination of p50, a member of the nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB family, Bcl-3 stabilizes a p50 complex that inhibits gene transcription. As a consequence, Bcl-3-deficient mice and cells were found to be hypersensitive to TLR activation and unable to control responses to lipopolysaccharides. Thus, p50 ubiquitination blockade by Bcl-3 limits the strength of TLR responses and maintains innate immune homeostasis. These findings indicate that the p50 ubiquitination pathway can be selectively targeted to control deleterious inflammatory diseases.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carmody, Ruaidhri J -- Ruan, Qingguo -- Palmer, Scott -- Hilliard, Brendan -- Chen, Youhai H -- AI069289/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI50059/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- DK070691/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Aug 3;317(5838):675-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17673665" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA/metabolism ; Female ; Half-Life ; Immune Tolerance ; Immunity, Innate ; Lipopolysaccharides/immunology ; Macrophage Activation ; Macrophages, Peritoneal/*immunology/metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; NF-kappa B p50 Subunit/*metabolism ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; *Signal Transduction ; Toll-Like Receptors/*metabolism ; Transcription Factor RelA/metabolism ; Transcription Factors/genetics/*metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics/metabolism ; Ubiquitin/metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 89
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-04-28
    Beschreibung: New strategies for prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D) require improved insight into disease etiology. We analyzed 386,731 common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 1464 patients with T2D and 1467 matched controls, each characterized for measures of glucose metabolism, lipids, obesity, and blood pressure. With collaborators (FUSION and WTCCC/UKT2D), we identified and confirmed three loci associated with T2D-in a noncoding region near CDKN2A and CDKN2B, in an intron of IGF2BP2, and an intron of CDKAL1-and replicated associations near HHEX and in SLC30A8 found by a recent whole-genome association study. We identified and confirmed association of a SNP in an intron of glucokinase regulatory protein (GCKR) with serum triglycerides. The discovery of associated variants in unsuspected genes and outside coding regions illustrates the ability of genome-wide association studies to provide potentially important clues to the pathogenesis of common diseases.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Diabetes Genetics Initiative of Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Lund University, and Novartis Institutes of BioMedical Research -- Saxena, Richa -- Voight, Benjamin F -- Lyssenko, Valeriya -- Burtt, Noel P -- de Bakker, Paul I W -- Chen, Hong -- Roix, Jeffrey J -- Kathiresan, Sekar -- Hirschhorn, Joel N -- Daly, Mark J -- Hughes, Thomas E -- Groop, Leif -- Altshuler, David -- Almgren, Peter -- Florez, Jose C -- Meyer, Joanne -- Ardlie, Kristin -- Bengtsson Bostrom, Kristina -- Isomaa, Bo -- Lettre, Guillaume -- Lindblad, Ulf -- Lyon, Helen N -- Melander, Olle -- Newton-Cheh, Christopher -- Nilsson, Peter -- Orho-Melander, Marju -- Rastam, Lennart -- Speliotes, Elizabeth K -- Taskinen, Marja-Riitta -- Tuomi, Tiinamaija -- Guiducci, Candace -- Berglund, Anna -- Carlson, Joyce -- Gianniny, Lauren -- Hackett, Rachel -- Hall, Liselotte -- Holmkvist, Johan -- Laurila, Esa -- Sjogren, Marketa -- Sterner, Maria -- Surti, Aarti -- Svensson, Margareta -- Svensson, Malin -- Tewhey, Ryan -- Blumenstiel, Brendan -- Parkin, Melissa -- Defelice, Matthew -- Barry, Rachel -- Brodeur, Wendy -- Camarata, Jody -- Chia, Nancy -- Fava, Mary -- Gibbons, John -- Handsaker, Bob -- Healy, Claire -- Nguyen, Kieu -- Gates, Casey -- Sougnez, Carrie -- Gage, Diane -- Nizzari, Marcia -- Gabriel, Stacey B -- Chirn, Gung-Wei -- Ma, Qicheng -- Parikh, Hemang -- Richardson, Delwood -- Ricke, Darrell -- Purcell, Shaun -- F32 DK079466/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- F32 DK079466-01/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- K23 DK067288/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- K23 DK080145/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- K23 DK080145-01/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- K23 DK65978-04/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- K23-HL083102/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- U01 HG004171/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jun 1;316(5829):1331-6. Epub 2007 Apr 26.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17463246" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics ; Aged ; Alleles ; Blood Glucose/analysis ; Case-Control Studies ; Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9/genetics ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*genetics ; Female ; Genetic Markers ; *Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; *Genome, Human ; Genotype ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Insulin Resistance/genetics ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins/genetics ; Introns ; Male ; Meta-Analysis as Topic ; Middle Aged ; *Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Quantitative Trait, Heritable ; Triglycerides/*blood
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 90
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-05-05
    Beschreibung: The global endemic of cardiovascular diseases calls for improved risk assessment and treatment. Here, we describe an association between myocardial infarction (MI) and a common sequence variant on chromosome 9p21. This study included a total of 4587 cases and 12,767 controls. The identified variant, adjacent to the tumor suppressor genes CDKN2A and CDKN2B, was associated with the disease with high significance. Approximately 21% of individuals in the population are homozygous for this variant, and their estimated risk of suffering myocardial infarction is 1.64 times as great as that of noncarriers. The corresponding risk is 2.02 times as great for early-onset cases. The population attributable risk is 21% for MI in general and 31% for early-onset cases.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Helgadottir, Anna -- Thorleifsson, Gudmar -- Manolescu, Andrei -- Gretarsdottir, Solveig -- Blondal, Thorarinn -- Jonasdottir, Aslaug -- Jonasdottir, Adalbjorg -- Sigurdsson, Asgeir -- Baker, Adam -- Palsson, Arnar -- Masson, Gisli -- Gudbjartsson, Daniel F -- Magnusson, Kristinn P -- Andersen, Karl -- Levey, Allan I -- Backman, Valgerdur M -- Matthiasdottir, Sigurborg -- Jonsdottir, Thorbjorg -- Palsson, Stefan -- Einarsdottir, Helga -- Gunnarsdottir, Steinunn -- Gylfason, Arnaldur -- Vaccarino, Viola -- Hooper, W Craig -- Reilly, Muredach P -- Granger, Christopher B -- Austin, Harland -- Rader, Daniel J -- Shah, Svati H -- Quyyumi, Arshed A -- Gulcher, Jeffrey R -- Thorgeirsson, Gudmundur -- Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur -- Kong, Augustine -- Stefansson, Kari -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jun 8;316(5830):1491-3. Epub 2007 May 3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉deCODE genetics, Sturlugata 8, IS-101 Reykjavik, Iceland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17478679" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Age of Onset ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9/*genetics ; Coronary Artery Disease/genetics ; Female ; Genes, p16 ; *Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; *Genetic Variation ; Genotype ; Haplotypes ; Heterozygote ; Homozygote ; Humans ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction/*genetics ; *Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Risk Factors
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 91
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-02-27
    Beschreibung: Differential DNA methylation is important for the epigenetic regulation of gene expression. Allele-specific methylation of the inactive X chromosome has been demonstrated at promoter CpG islands, but the overall pattern of methylation on the active X(Xa) and inactive X (Xi) chromosomes is unknown. We performed allele-specific analysis of more than 1000 informative loci along the human X chromosome. The Xa displays more than two times as much allele-specific methylation as Xi. This methylation is concentrated at gene bodies, affecting multiple neighboring CpGs. Before X inactivation, all of these Xa gene body-methylated sites are biallelically methylated. Thus, a bipartite methylation-demethylation program results in Xa-specific hypomethylation at gene promoters and hypermethylation at gene bodies. These results suggest a relationship between global methylation and expression potentiality.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hellman, Asaf -- Chess, Andrew -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Feb 23;315(5815):1141-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA. hellman@chgr.mgh.harvard.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17322062" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Alleles ; Cell Line ; Chromosomes, Human, X/*genetics/metabolism ; CpG Islands ; *DNA Methylation ; Embryonic Stem Cells ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Gene Silencing ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Male ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; X Chromosome Inactivation
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 92
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-04-21
    Beschreibung: Animal germ cells differentiate as sperm or eggs, depending on their sex. Somatic signals tell germ cells whether they reside in a male or female body, but how do germ cells interpret those external cues to acquire their own sexual identity? A critical aspect of a germ cell's sexual puzzle is that the sperm/egg decision is closely linked to the cell-cycle decision between mitosis and meiosis. Molecular studies have begun to tease apart the regulators of both decisions, an essential step toward understanding the regulatory logic of this fundamental question of germ cell biology.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kimble, Judith -- Page, David C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Apr 20;316(5823):400-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA. jekimble@wisc.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17446389" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Lineage ; Female ; Germ Cells/*cytology/physiology ; Male ; *Meiosis ; *Mitosis ; Models, Biological ; Oogenesis ; Ovum/cytology ; Spermatogenesis ; Spermatozoa/cytology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 93
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-05-19
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nusse, Roel -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 May 18;316(5827):988-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Developmental Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5323, USA. rnusse@stanford.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17510350" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; Adenomatous Polyposis Coli Protein/metabolism ; Axin Protein ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Chromosomes, Human, X/genetics ; Cytoplasm/metabolism ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; *Genes, Wilms Tumor ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms/*genetics/metabolism ; Male ; Mutation ; Repressor Proteins/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins/*genetics/*metabolism ; Wilms Tumor/*genetics/metabolism ; Wnt Proteins/metabolism ; beta Catenin/genetics/*metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 94
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-04-28
    Beschreibung: Identifying the genetic variants that increase the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in humans has been a formidable challenge. Adopting a genome-wide association strategy, we genotyped 1161 Finnish T2D cases and 1174 Finnish normal glucose-tolerant (NGT) controls with 〉315,000 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and imputed genotypes for an additional 〉2 million autosomal SNPs. We carried out association analysis with these SNPs to identify genetic variants that predispose to T2D, compared our T2D association results with the results of two similar studies, and genotyped 80 SNPs in an additional 1215 Finnish T2D cases and 1258 Finnish NGT controls. We identify T2D-associated variants in an intergenic region of chromosome 11p12, contribute to the identification of T2D-associated variants near the genes IGF2BP2 and CDKAL1 and the region of CDKN2A and CDKN2B, and confirm that variants near TCF7L2, SLC30A8, HHEX, FTO, PPARG, and KCNJ11 are associated with T2D risk. This brings the number of T2D loci now confidently identified to at least 10.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3214617/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3214617/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Scott, Laura J -- Mohlke, Karen L -- Bonnycastle, Lori L -- Willer, Cristen J -- Li, Yun -- Duren, William L -- Erdos, Michael R -- Stringham, Heather M -- Chines, Peter S -- Jackson, Anne U -- Prokunina-Olsson, Ludmila -- Ding, Chia-Jen -- Swift, Amy J -- Narisu, Narisu -- Hu, Tianle -- Pruim, Randall -- Xiao, Rui -- Li, Xiao-Yi -- Conneely, Karen N -- Riebow, Nancy L -- Sprau, Andrew G -- Tong, Maurine -- White, Peggy P -- Hetrick, Kurt N -- Barnhart, Michael W -- Bark, Craig W -- Goldstein, Janet L -- Watkins, Lee -- Xiang, Fang -- Saramies, Jouko -- Buchanan, Thomas A -- Watanabe, Richard M -- Valle, Timo T -- Kinnunen, Leena -- Abecasis, Goncalo R -- Pugh, Elizabeth W -- Doheny, Kimberly F -- Bergman, Richard N -- Tuomilehto, Jaakko -- Collins, Francis S -- Boehnke, Michael -- 1 Z01 HG000024/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- DK062370/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK072193/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- HG002651/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- HL084729/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- N01 HG065403/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- N01-HG-65403/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK029867/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK062370/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK062370-04/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK072193/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK072193-04/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG002651/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG002651-01/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U01 HL084729/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- U01 HL084729-01/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- U54 DA021519/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- U54 DA021519-02/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- Z01 HG000024-13/Intramural NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jun 1;316(5829):1341-5. Epub 2007 Apr 26.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17463248" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Case-Control Studies ; Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11/genetics ; DNA, Intergenic ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*genetics ; Female ; Finland ; Genes, p16 ; *Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; *Genome, Human ; Genotype ; Humans ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins/genetics ; Introns ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Meta-Analysis as Topic ; Middle Aged ; *Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 95
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-09-08
    Beschreibung: Humans have many cognitive skills not possessed by their nearest primate relatives. The cultural intelligence hypothesis argues that this is mainly due to a species-specific set of social-cognitive skills, emerging early in ontogeny, for participating and exchanging knowledge in cultural groups. We tested this hypothesis by giving a comprehensive battery of cognitive tests to large numbers of two of humans' closest primate relatives, chimpanzees and orangutans, as well as to 2.5-year-old human children before literacy and schooling. Supporting the cultural intelligence hypothesis and contradicting the hypothesis that humans simply have more "general intelligence," we found that the children and chimpanzees had very similar cognitive skills for dealing with the physical world but that the children had more sophisticated cognitive skills than either of the ape species for dealing with the social world.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Herrmann, Esther -- Call, Josep -- Hernandez-Lloreda, Maraa Victoria -- Hare, Brian -- Tomasello, Michael -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Sep 7;317(5843):1360-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, D-04103, Germany. eherrman@eva.mpg.de〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17823346" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Child Development/physiology ; Child, Preschool ; *Cognition ; Cultural Evolution ; *Culture ; Female ; Humans ; Intelligence Tests ; Male ; Organ Size ; Pan troglodytes/*physiology ; Pongo pygmaeus/*physiology ; Species Specificity
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 96
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-03-03
    Beschreibung: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death worldwide and is commonly caused by a constellation of risk factors called the metabolic syndrome. We characterized a family with autosomal dominant early CAD, features of the metabolic syndrome (hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes), and osteoporosis. These traits showed genetic linkage to a short segment of chromosome 12p, in which we identified a missense mutation in LRP6, which encodes a co-receptor in the Wnt signaling pathway. The mutation, which substitutes cysteine for arginine at a highly conserved residue of an epidermal growth factor-like domain, impairs Wnt signaling in vitro. These results link a single gene defect in Wnt signaling to CAD and multiple cardiovascular risk factors.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2945222/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2945222/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mani, Arya -- Radhakrishnan, Jayaram -- Wang, He -- Mani, Alaleh -- Mani, Mohammad-Ali -- Nelson-Williams, Carol -- Carew, Khary S -- Mane, Shrikant -- Najmabadi, Hossein -- Wu, Dan -- Lifton, Richard P -- K08 HD041481/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- K08 HD041481-01/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- P01DK68229/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P50 HL55007/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 AR051476/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 AR051476-01A1/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 AR051476-02/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 AR051476-03/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 AR051476-04/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Mar 2;315(5816):1278-82.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Internal Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA. arya.mani@yale.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17332414" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Amino Acid Substitution ; Animals ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 12/genetics ; Coronary Disease/*genetics/metabolism ; Family Health ; Female ; Genetic Linkage ; *Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; LDL-Receptor Related Proteins/*genetics/physiology ; Lipids/blood ; Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-6 ; Male ; Metabolic Syndrome X/*genetics/metabolism ; Mice ; Middle Aged ; *Mutation, Missense ; NIH 3T3 Cells ; Osteoporosis/genetics ; Pedigree ; Risk Factors ; Signal Transduction ; Wnt Proteins/metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 97
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-09-01
    Beschreibung: Although common among bacteria, lateral gene transfer-the movement of genes between distantly related organisms-is thought to occur only rarely between bacteria and multicellular eukaryotes. However, the presence of endosymbionts, such as Wolbachia pipientis, within some eukaryotic germlines may facilitate bacterial gene transfers to eukaryotic host genomes. We therefore examined host genomes for evidence of gene transfer events from Wolbachia bacteria to their hosts. We found and confirmed transfers into the genomes of four insect and four nematode species that range from nearly the entire Wolbachia genome (〉1 megabase) to short (〈500 base pairs) insertions. Potential Wolbachia-to-host transfers were also detected computationally in three additional sequenced insect genomes. We also show that some of these inserted Wolbachia genes are transcribed within eukaryotic cells lacking endosymbionts. Therefore, heritable lateral gene transfer occurs into eukaryotic hosts from their prokaryote symbionts, potentially providing a mechanism for acquisition of new genes and functions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dunning Hotopp, Julie C -- Clark, Michael E -- Oliveira, Deodoro C S G -- Foster, Jeremy M -- Fischer, Peter -- Munoz Torres, Monica C -- Giebel, Jonathan D -- Kumar, Nikhil -- Ishmael, Nadeeza -- Wang, Shiliang -- Ingram, Jessica -- Nene, Rahul V -- Shepard, Jessica -- Tomkins, Jeffrey -- Richards, Stephen -- Spiro, David J -- Ghedin, Elodie -- Slatko, Barton E -- Tettelin, Herve -- Werren, John H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Sep 21;317(5845):1753-6. Epub 2007 Aug 30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute for Genomic Research, J. Craig Venter Institute, 9712 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA. jhotopp@som.umaryland.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17761848" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Chromosome Mapping ; Crosses, Genetic ; DNA, Bacterial ; Drosophila/genetics/microbiology ; Female ; *Gene Transfer, Horizontal ; Genes, Bacterial ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Insects/*genetics/microbiology ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nematoda/*genetics/microbiology ; Retroelements ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Symbiosis ; Wolbachia/*genetics
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 98
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-07-21
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Enserink, Martin -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jul 20;317(5836):312-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17641177" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Female ; Gamma Rays ; Genes, Insect ; Genes, Lethal ; *Insects/genetics/radiation effects ; Male ; Pest Control, Biological/*methods ; X-Rays
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 99
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-04-21
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Travis, John -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Apr 20;316(5823):390-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17446384" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Cell Differentiation ; Developmental Biology ; Embryo, Nonmammalian/cytology/physiology ; Embryonic Development ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Female ; Gene Expression ; *Germ Cells/cytology/physiology ; Male ; Ovum/cytology ; *Reproduction ; Spermatozoa/cytology ; Stem Cells/cytology/physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 100
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2007-07-21
    Beschreibung: Honey bee queens mate with many males, creating numerous patrilines within colonies that are genetically distinct. The effects of genetic diversity on colony productivity and long-term fitness are unknown. We show that swarms from genetically diverse colonies (15 patrilines per colony) founded new colonies faster than swarms from genetically uniform colonies (1 patriline per colony). Accumulated differences in foraging rates, food storage, and population growth led to impressive boosts in the fitness (i.e., drone production and winter survival) of genetically diverse colonies. These results further our understanding of the origins of polyandry in honey bees and its benefits for colony performance.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mattila, Heather R -- Seeley, Thomas D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jul 20;317(5836):362-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA. hrm24@cornell.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17641199" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Bees/*genetics/*physiology ; Behavior, Animal ; Feeding Behavior ; Female ; Genes, Insect ; *Genetic Variation ; Honey ; Male ; Population Growth ; Reproduction ; Social Behavior ; Weight Gain
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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