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  • Articles  (284)
  • Cell Line  (157)
  • Kinetics  (136)
  • 1980-1984  (284)
  • 1925-1929
  • Science. 207(4426): 80-2.  (1)
  • Science. 207(4427): 199-201.  (1)
  • Science. 207(4430): 527-8.  (1)
  • Science. 207(4431): 647-9.  (1)
  • Science. 207(4432): 769-70.  (1)
  • Science. 207(4432): 771-3.  (1)
  • Science. 207(4432): 775-7.  (1)
  • Science. 207(4438): 1489-90.  (1)
  • Science. 207(4438): 1491-3.  (1)
  • Science. 208(4440): 194-6.  (1)
  • Science. 208(4448): 1155-6.  (1)
  • Science. 208(4448): 1178-81.  (1)
  • Science. 208(4451): 1461-4.  (1)
  • Science. 208(4451): 1471-3.  (1)
  • Science. 209(4453): 279-81.  (1)
  • Science. 209(4453): 285-7.  (1)
  • Science. 209(4453): 289-92.  (1)
  • Science. 209(4453): 297-9.  (1)
  • Science. 209(4453): 303-5.  (1)
  • Science. 209(4455): 493-5.  (1)
  • 25
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  • Articles  (284)
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  • 1
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    Single-nutrient microbial competition: qualitative agreement between experimental and theoretically forecast outcomes (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-03-28
    Description: When microbial strains compete for the same limiting nutrient in continuous culture, resource-based competition theory predicts that only one strain will survive and all others will die out. The surviving strain expected from theory will be the one with the smallest subsistence or "break-even" concentration of the limiting resource, a concentration defined by the J parameter. This prediction has been confirmed in the case of auxotrophic bacterial strains competing for limiting tryptophan. Because the value of J can be measured on the strains grown alone, the theory can predict the qualitative outcomes of mixed-growth competition in advance of actual competition.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hansen, S R -- Hubbell, S P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 28;207(4438):1491-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6767274" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bacteria/*growth & development ; Culture Media ; Drug Resistance, Microbial ; Escherichia coli/growth & development ; Kinetics ; Models, Theoretical ; Nalidixic Acid/pharmacology ; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa/growth & development ; Tryptophan/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    The heart is a target organ for androgen (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-02-15
    Description: Autoradiographic and biochemical analyses of the hearts of female rhesus monkeys and baboons indicate that atrial and ventricular myocardial cells contain androgen receptors. Although the specific effects of nuclear uptake and retention of androgen on the function of heart muscle cells are not known, the presence of this receptor suggests that sex steroid hormones may affect myocardial function directly and may explain some of the peculiar differences in heart disease between men and women.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McGill, H C Jr -- Anselmo, V C -- Buchanan, J M -- Sheridan, P J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 15;207(4432):775-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6766222" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Androgens/*metabolism ; Animals ; Coronary Disease/*etiology ; Dihydrotestosterone/metabolism ; Estradiol/metabolism ; Female ; Haplorhini ; Kinetics ; Macaca mulatta ; Myocardium/*metabolism ; Papio ; Receptors, Androgen/*metabolism ; Receptors, Steroid/*metabolism ; Sex Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 3
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    T-1 cells are HeLa and not of normal human kidney origin (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-08-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nelson-Rees, W A -- Flandermeyer, R R -- Daniels, D W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 8;209(4457):719-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7394535" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Line ; Chromosome Banding ; HLA Antigens/analysis ; HeLa Cells/*cytology/immunology ; Humans ; Karyotyping ; Kidney/*cytology/immunology ; Metaphase
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Calcium regulation during stimulus-secretion coupling: continuous measurement of intracellular calcium activities (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-07-25
    Description: Accurate measurements of intracellular calcium activities in salivary gland epithelial cells of the insect Phormia regina were obtained with microelectrodes in which N,N'-di(11-ethoxycarbonyl)undecyl-N,N'-4,5-tetramethyl-3,6-dioxaoctane diacid diamide wsa incorporated in a liquid membrane system. When calibrated in solutions approximating the ionic concentration of the cell interior, these microelectrodes gave rapid stable responses that were linear functions of the logarithm of calcium activities and were not affected by potassium, sodium and magnesium. Continuous monitoring of calcium activities during serotonin-induced saliva release provided direct evidence of hormonal influence on transmembrane calcium movement and spontaneous regulation of intracellular calcium by stimulated cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉O'Doherty, J -- Youmans, S J -- Armstrong, W M -- Stark, R J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 25;209(4455):510-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7394518" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Transport/drug effects ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Diptera/*metabolism ; Epithelium/metabolism ; Kinetics ; Magnesium/pharmacology ; Microelectrodes ; Salivary Glands/drug effects/*metabolism ; Serotonin/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 5
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    Genes for growth hormone, chorionic somatommammotropin, and growth hormones-like gene on chromosome 17 in humans (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-07-11
    Description: The human genes for growth hormone (GH), chorionic somatomammotropin (CSH), and a third growth hormone-like gene (GHL) have been located on chromosome 17 in humans. DNA fragments of 2.6, 2.8, and 9.5 kilobase pairs containing GH, CSH, and GHL, respectively, were identified in human genomic DNA, and a 7.5-kilobase DNA fragment related to growth hormone DNA sequences was found in mouse cells. In somatic hybrids of human and mouse cells containing reduced numbers of human chromosomes, but a normal complement of mouse chromosomes, the mouse, 7.5-kolobase DNA fragment was always present, whereas the 2.6-, 2.8-, and 9.5-kilobase human fragments were present only when human chromosome 17 was also present.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Owerbach, D -- Rutter, W J -- Martial, J A -- Baxter, J D -- Shows, T B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 11;209(4453):289-92.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7384802" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; *Chromosomes, Human, 16-18 ; *DNA/metabolism ; *Genes ; Growth Hormone/*biosynthesis ; Humans ; Hybrid Cells/metabolism ; Mice ; Placental Lactogen/*biosynthesis ; Translocation, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 6
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    Nerve terminals are as metabolically different as the muscle fibers they innervate (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-11-21
    Description: The rate at which glucose enters nerve terminals in muscle was estimated indirectly by measuring changes in miniature end-plate potential frequency D-Glucose entered nerve terminals in muscles with a fast twitch more rapidly than it entered those with a slow twitch. This suggests that nerve terminals in fast- and slow-twitch muscles differ in their rate of metabolism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pickett, J B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Nov 21;210(4472):927-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7434009" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Transport ; Diaphragm/innervation ; Glucose/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Membrane Potentials ; Nerve Endings/*metabolism ; Neuromuscular Junction/*metabolism ; Osmolar Concentration ; Rats
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  • 7
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    Estrogen and the growth of breast cancer: new evidence suggests indirect action (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-08-08
    Description: The growth of the MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line is unresponsive to the presence of estrogen in culture media. Paradoxically, in nude mice, growth of these cells and formation of solid tumors are dependent on estrogen. Tumors fail to develop in ovariectomized mice, but do develop in intact mice and in ovariectomized mice given estrogen. Primary cultures derived from MCF-7 tumors revert to unresponsiveness to estrogen. However, when these cultures are again transplanted into nude mice, estrogen is required for tumor formation. The continuous culture, the solid tumor, and the primary cultures therefrom have similar estrogen-binding capacities and affinities. These results indicate that mammary carcinoma cell growth in vivo is subject to inhibition that can be overcome by estrogen.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shafie, S M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 8;209(4457):701-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6994231" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Breast Neoplasms/metabolism/*physiopathology ; Castration ; Cell Division/drug effects ; Cell Line ; Cytosol/metabolism ; Estradiol/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Female ; Humans ; Insulin/pharmacology ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism ; Transplantation, Heterologous
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  • 8
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    Pituitary gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptors during the rat estrous cycle (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-08-22
    Description: The binding of [6-alanine]gonadotropin-releasing hormone to pituitary plasma membranes increased threefold between metestrus and early proestrus in female rats. Receptor numbers fell rapidly on the afternoon of proestrus coincident with the preovulatory gonadotropin surge. The numbers of receptors for gonadotropin-releasing hormone were positively correlated with concentrations of estradiol in serum; this pattern may be a necessary component of increased pituitary sensitivty to gonadotropin-releasing hormone observed during proestrus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Savoy-Moore, R T -- Schwartz, N B -- Duncan, J A -- Marshall, J C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 22;209(4459):942-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6250218" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Estradiol/blood ; *Estrus ; Feedback ; Female ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone/blood ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/analogs & derivatives/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Luteinizing Hormone/blood ; Pituitary Gland, Anterior/*metabolism ; Pregnancy ; Progesterone/blood ; Rats ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*metabolism
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  • 9
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    Benzodiazepine inhibition of the calcium-calmodulin protein kinase system in brain membrane (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-07-31
    Description: Benzodiazepines inhibit Ca2+-calmodulin-stimulated membrane protein phosphorylation. The effects of the benzodiazepines on protein phosphorylation are stereospecific and produced by membrane-bound benzodiazepine. The potency of benzodiazepine kinase inhibition is correlated with the ability of the benzodiazepines to inhibit electric shock-induced convulsions. These findings provide evidence that some of the anticonvulsant and neuronal stabilizing effects of benzodiazepines may be modulated by the Ca2+-calmodulin protein kinase system and indicate that this calmodulin-kinase system represents an identifiable benzodiazepine receptor in brain that is distinquishable by several criteria from the previously described high affinity benzodiazepine receptor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉DeLorenzo, R J -- Burdette, S -- Holderness, J -- NS 1352/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NSI-EA-1-K04-NS245/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 31;213(4507):546-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6264605" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Benzodiazepines/metabolism ; Brain/*enzymology ; Calcium/*pharmacology ; Calcium-Binding Proteins/*pharmacology ; Calmodulin/*pharmacology ; Cell Membrane/enzymology ; Chlordiazepoxide/*pharmacology ; Diazepam/*pharmacology ; Enzyme Activation ; Kinetics ; Molecular Weight ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Kinases/*metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Drug/metabolism ; Receptors, GABA-A
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Renin and angiotensin: the complete system within the neuroblastoma x glioma cell (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-11-20
    Description: Cells of the homogeneous hybrid line neuroblastoma x glioma (NG108-15) have many neuronal properties. Immunocytochemical tests show that they contain both immunoreactive renin and angiotensin; direct radioimmunoassays show that they are positive for renin, angiotensin I, and angiotensin II; enzymatic assays show that they contain angiotensinogen and converting enzyme as well. The renin appears to be present in an enzymatically inactive form that can be activated by trypsin and then blocked by antiserum to purified mouse submaxillary renin. Renin concentration and activity are increased by enhancing cellular differentiation with dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate or by serum withdrawal. These findings demonstrate a complete renin-angiotensin system within these neuron-like cells, and suggest that activation of intracellular renin could generate angiotensin II.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fishman, M C -- Zimmerman, E A -- Slater, E E -- HL-21247/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL-24105/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Nov 20;214(4523):921-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6272392" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Angiotensin I/*analysis ; Angiotensin II/*analysis ; Angiotensins/*analysis ; Animals ; Cell Line ; Cricetinae ; Glioma/*metabolism ; Hybrid Cells/*metabolism ; Mice ; Neuroblastoma/*metabolism ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A/metabolism ; Radioimmunoassay ; Rats ; Renin/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 11
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    Isolation of biological materials by use of erbium (III)--induced magnetic susceptibilities (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-08-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Evans, C H -- Tew, W P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Aug 7;213(4508):653-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7256262" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Binding Sites ; Cations ; *Erbium ; Kinetics ; *Magnetics
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  • 12
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    Malignant potential of murine stromal cells after transplantation of human tumors into nude mice (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-04-03
    Description: Human malignant cancer tumors grafted into nude mice produce tumors containing both human cancer cells and the host's stromal cells. After short-term propagation of these tumors in vitro, the murine mesenchymal cells appear transformed and are tumorigenic in nude mice. However, established human cancer cell lines fail to similarly after adjacent murine stromal cells when used to produce tumors in nude mice. These experiments suggest that cancer cells may recruit normal cells to become malignant, qualifying the view of the clonal (unicellular) origin of cancer.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goldenberg, D M -- Pavia, R A -- 1R01 CA17198/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Apr 3;212(4490):65-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7209521" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenocarcinoma/pathology ; Animals ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Colonic Neoplasms/pathology ; Fibrosarcoma/*etiology ; Humans ; Karyotyping ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Neoplasms, Experimental/*etiology ; Transplantation, Heterologous
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  • 13
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    Vagotomy abolishes cues of satiety produced by gastric distension (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-06-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gonzalez, M F -- Deutsch, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 12;212(4500):1283-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233218" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Feeding Behavior ; Kinetics ; Male ; Rats ; *Satiation ; *Satiety Response ; Stomach/*physiology ; *Vagotomy
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  • 14
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    Plasmid-assisted molecular breeding: new technique for enhanced biodegradation of persistent toxic chemicals (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-12-04
    Description: The persistence of synthetic herbicides such as 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T) and its release in massive amounts as a herbicide (Agent Orange) have created toxicological problems in many countries. In nature, 2,4,5-T is slowly degraded by cooxidation and is not utilized as a sole source of carbon and energy. The technique of plasmid-assisted molecular breeding has led to the development of bacterial strains capable of totally degrading 2,4,5-T by using it as their sole source of carbon at high concentrations (greater than 1 mg/ml). Spectrophotometry and gas chromatography reveal various intermediates during growth of the culture with 2,4,5-T.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kellogg, S T -- Chatterjee, D K -- Chakrabarty, A M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 4;214(4525):1133-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7302584" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid/*metabolism ; Bacteria/*genetics/metabolism ; Biotransformation ; Cell Division ; Kinetics ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; *Plasmids
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  • 15
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    Insulin as a potent, specific growth factor in a rat hepatoma cell line (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-02-27
    Description: A line or rat hepatoma cells in culture which, in response to serum starvation, become arrested in the early G1 phase of growth, can be stimulated by insulin alone to enter the cell cycle and traverse S phase. A half-maximum response is observed at 30 to 70 picomolar concentrations and the maximum response is essentially identical to that found with optimum serum concentrations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Koontz, J W -- Iwahashi, M -- AM 24047/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Feb 27;211(4485):947-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7008195" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Cycle/drug effects ; Cell Division/drug effects ; Cell Line ; *Growth Substances ; Insulin/*pharmacology ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/*pathology ; Mitosis/drug effects ; Proinsulin/pharmacology ; Rats ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 16
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    Divalent cation ionophores stimulate resorption and inhibit DNA synthesis in cultured fetal rat bone (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-06-05
    Description: Two divalent cation ionophores, A23187 and Ionomycin, which are selective for calcium, stimulated the resorption of fetal rat long bones in organ culture at 0.1 to 1 micromolar but not at higher concentrations. Both agents inhibited DNA synthesis at concentrations that stimulated resorption. These results might explain the differences in ionophore effects on bone previously reported, and they imply that cell replication is not required for osteoclast formation in fetal rat long bone cultures.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lorenzo, J A -- Raisz, L G -- AM 07290/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM 18063/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 5;212(4499):1157-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6785885" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/*pharmacology ; Bone Resorption/*drug effects ; Bone and Bones/drug effects/*metabolism ; Calcimycin/*pharmacology ; Calcium/metabolism ; Calcium Radioisotopes ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA/*biosynthesis ; DNA Replication/*drug effects ; Ethers/pharmacology ; Fetus ; Ionomycin ; Ionophores/pharmacology ; Kinetics ; Mice ; Parathyroid Hormone/pharmacology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 17
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    The AF64a-treated mouse: possible model for central cholinergic hypofunction (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-07-31
    Description: A loss in the number of functional, sodium ion-dependent, high-affinity choline transport sites was observed in the cortex and hippocampus of mice given an intracerebroventricular injection of 65 nanomoles of AF64A (ethylcholine mustard aziridinium ion) 3 days earlier. Such an effect was not observed in the striatum. This effect of AF64A represents a long-term neurochemical deficit at cholinergic nerve terminals in some brain regions which can lead to a persistent deficiency in central cholinergic transmission. The AF64A-treated animal may thus be a model for certain psychiatric or neurological disorders that appear to involve central cholinergic hypofunction.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mantione, C R -- Fisher, A -- Hanin, I -- MH 26320/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH/AG 34893/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 31;213(4507):579-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6894649" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aziridines/*pharmacology ; Azirines/*pharmacology ; Biological Transport/drug effects ; Brain/drug effects/*metabolism ; Cerebral Cortex/metabolism ; Choline/*analogs & derivatives/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Corpus Striatum/metabolism ; Hippocampus/metabolism ; Kinetics ; Mice ; Sodium/pharmacology ; Synaptosomes/drug effects/*metabolism
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 18
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    A monosialoganglioside is a monoclonal antibody-defined antigen of colon carcinoma (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-04-03
    Description: The antigen of a monoclonal antibody that is specific for cells of human carcinoma of the colon is a monosialoganglioside as determined by the direct binding of antibody to thin-layer chromatograms of total lipid extracts of tissues. Binding of antibody to chromatograms is detected by autoradiography after the application of iodine-125-labeled F(ab')2 of rabbit immunoglobulin G antibodies to mouse immunoglobulins.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Magnani, J L -- Brockhaus, M -- Smith, D F -- Ginsburg, V -- Blaszczyk, M -- Mitchell, K F -- Steplewski, Z -- Koprowski, H -- CA-10815/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA-21124/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- RR-05540/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Apr 3;212(4490):55-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7209516" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenocarcinoma/*immunology ; Antibodies, Neoplasm/*immunology ; Antibody Specificity ; Antigens, Neoplasm/*immunology/isolation & purification ; Cell Line ; Chromatography, Thin Layer ; Colonic Neoplasms/*immunology ; Gangliosides/*immunology/isolation & purification ; Humans ; Melanoma/immunology ; Neuraminidase/pharmacology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 19
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    Growth inhibition by adenosine 3',5-monophosphate derivatives does not require 3',5' phosphodiester linkage (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-09-04
    Description: Analogs of adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic AMP) inhibit the growth of cultured cell lines. The effects of 8-bromo- and N6-butyryl-substituted analogs of cyclic and noncyclic AMP on six cell lines were examined and were equally inhibitory. Variant cell lines with altered cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase were more resistant to both cyclic and noncyclic nucleotides. We conclude that growth inhibition by analogs of cyclic AMP (i) does not require a 3',5' phosphodiester bond and (ii) may be mediated by a pathway involving endogenous cyclic AMP.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Martin, T F -- Kowalchyk, J A -- AM 25861/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Sep 4;213(4512):1120-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6267695" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Division/*drug effects ; Cell Line ; Cricetinae ; Cyclic AMP/*pharmacology ; DNA/biosynthesis ; Growth Inhibitors/*pharmacology ; Mice ; Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 20
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    Human lupus inclusions and interferon (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-08-14
    Description: Raji cells, a human B lymphoblastoid cell line of Burkitt lymphoma origin, formed lupus inclusions when grown in a medium conditioned by the growth of Raji cells whose DNA thymidine residues had been unifilarly (single-strandedly) substituted with bromodeoxyuridine. Ultracentrifugation of this medium in excess of that required to remove Epstein-Barr virus and all other known mammalian viruses did not prevent the formation of the inclusions, and treatment of the conditioned medium with pronase destroyed the activity. These results demonstrate the presence of a protein that is secreted from bromodeoxyuridine-substituted Raji cells and is capable of inducing nonbromodeoxyuridine-substituted cells to form lupus inclusions. Interferon (100 units per milliliter) was found in the conditioned medium. Inclusions also formed in Raji cells grown in fresh medium supplemented with human leukocyte or fibroblast interferon (100 units per milliliter).〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rich, S A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Aug 14;213(4509):772-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6166984" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bromodeoxyuridine/*metabolism ; Burkitt Lymphoma ; Cell Line ; Culture Media ; Cytoplasmic Granules/ultrastructure ; DNA Replication ; Humans ; Interferons/*biosynthesis ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/*pathology
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  • 21
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    Diameter of the cell-to-cell junctional membrane channels as probed with neutral molecules (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-07-31
    Description: The cell-to-cell channels in the junctions of an insect salivary gland and of insect and mammalian cells in culture were probed with fluorescent molecules-neutral linear oligosaccharides, neutral branched glycopeptides, and charged linear peptides. From the molecular dimensions of the largest permeants and smallest impermeants the permeation-limiting channel diameter was obtained: 16 to 20 angstroms for the mammalian cells and 20 to 30 angstroms for the insect cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schwarzmann, G -- Wiegandt, H -- Rose, B -- Zimmerman, A -- Ben-Haim, D -- Loewenstein, W R -- CA 14464/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 31;213(4507):551-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7244653" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Chironomidae ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Glycopeptides/*metabolism ; Intercellular Junctions/*ultrastructure ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Models, Molecular ; Oligosaccharides/*metabolism ; Protein Conformation ; Salivary Glands/*ultrastructure ; Species Specificity
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  • 22
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    Early removal of one eye reduces normally occurring cell death in the remaining eye (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-07-31
    Description: During normal development of the hamster eye, there is a substantial loss of cells from the retinal ganglion cell layer in the first two postnatal weeks. If one eye is lost at birth, this cell death is reduced in the remaining eye. This may account for the increased ipsilateral projection from this eye to the thalamus and midbrain observed in these animals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sengelaub, D R -- Finlay, B L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 31;213(4507):573-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7244655" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Cell Survival ; Cricetinae ; Kinetics ; Neurons/*physiology ; Rats ; Retina/cytology/*physiology
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  • 23
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    Bee venom enhances guanylate cyclase activity (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-07-17
    Description: Bee venom and phospholipase A2 extracted from bee venom enhanced guanylate cyclase (E.C. 4.6.1.2) activity two- to threefold in rat liver, lung, heart, kidney, ileum, and cerebellum. Dose-response relationships revealed that bee venom at concentrations as low as 1 microgram per milliliter and phospholipase A2 at 1 microunit per milliliter caused a maximal enhancement of guanylate cyclase.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vesely, D L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 17;213(4505):359-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6113689" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bee Venoms/*pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Enzyme Activation ; Guanylate Cyclase/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Organ Specificity ; Phospholipases/*pharmacology ; Phospholipases A/*pharmacology ; Phospholipases A2 ; Rats
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  • 24
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    Biopterin cofactor biosynthesis: independent regulation of GTP cyclohydrolase in adrenal medulla and cortex (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-07-17
    Description: Guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase, the enzyme that is apparently rate-limiting in biopterin biosynthesis, is increased in adrenal cortex and medulla of rats treated with insulin or reserpine. Denervation and hypophysectomy block the increase in medullary and cortical enzyme activity, respectively, whereas cycloheximide presents the increase in both tissues. These results provide evidence for induction and regulation of guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Viveros, O H -- Lee, C L -- Abou-Donia, M M -- Nixon, J C -- Nichol, C A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 17;213(4505):349-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7017928" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenal Cortex/drug effects/*enzymology ; Adrenal Glands/innervation ; Adrenal Medulla/drug effects/*enzymology ; Aminohydrolases/*metabolism ; Animals ; Biopterin/*biosynthesis ; Cycloheximide/pharmacology ; Denervation ; GTP Cyclohydrolase/*metabolism ; Hypophysectomy ; Insulin/pharmacology ; Kinetics ; Male ; Organ Specificity ; Pteridines/*biosynthesis ; Rats ; Reserpine/pharmacology
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  • 25
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    Receptor for albumin on the liver cell surface may mediate uptake of fatty acids and other albumin-bound substances (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-03-06
    Description: Kinetic analysis of the uptake of carbon-14-labeled oleate in a single-pass perfusion of rat liver and saturable and specific binding of iodine-125-labeled albumin to hepatocytes in suspension suggest the existence of a receptor for albumin on the liver cell surface. The putative receptor appears to mediate uptake of albumin-bound fatty acids by the cell and may account for the efficient hepatic extraction of many other substances tightly bound to albumin.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weisiger, R -- Gollan, J -- Ockner, R -- AM-07007/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM-13328/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM-21899/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Mar 6;211(4486):1048-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6258226" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Transport ; Fatty Acids/*metabolism ; Female ; Kinetics ; Liver/*metabolism ; Oleic Acids/metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Rats ; Receptors, Albumin ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*metabolism ; Serum Albumin/*metabolism
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  • 26
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    Tumor cell killing by phorbol ester--differentiated human leukemia cells (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-08-07
    Description: The tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate causes differentiation of cells of the human leukemia cell line HL60 to nondividing macrophage-like cells. These differentiated cells are cytotoxic for tumor cells (including parent, untreated HL60 cells) in vitro. Agents that induce this desirable differentiation to nondividing, antitumor effector cells may be useful in the experimental treatment of leukemia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weinberg, J B -- 27070-02/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Aug 7;213(4508):655-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7196085" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Differentiation/drug effects ; Cell Line ; *Cytotoxicity, Immunologic ; Humans ; Immunity, Cellular ; Leukemia, Experimental/immunology/*pathology ; Macrophages/cytology/*immunology ; Phorbols/*pharmacology ; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/*pharmacology
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  • 27
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    Nalidixic acid, oxolinic acid, and novobiocin inhibit yeast glycyl- and leucyl-transfer RNA synthetases (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-07-24
    Description: Nalidixic acid and novobiocin inhibit the aminoacylation and pyrophosphate exchange activities of glycyl- and leucyl-transfer RNA synthetases from bakers' yeast. Similar types of inhibition are observed for both enzymes, suggesting similar mechanisms. The potency of these inhibitors is comparable to that observed for their inhibition of in vivo DNA synthesis in eukaryotic cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wright, H T -- Nurse, K C -- Goldstein, D J -- GM 07654/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM 23598/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 24;213(4506):455-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7017932" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Glycine-tRNA Ligase/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Kinetics ; Leucine-tRNA Ligase/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Nalidixic Acid/*pharmacology ; Novobiocin/*pharmacology ; Oxolinic Acid/*pharmacology ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/*enzymology
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  • 28
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    Mesenchymal cells from the human embryonic palate are highly responsive to epidermal growth factor (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-07-31
    Description: An established line of mesenchymal cells from the human embryonic palate is highly sensitive to the stimulatory effect of epidermal growth factor on growth, labeled thymidine incorporation, and ornithine decarboxylase activity. The results suggest that epidermal growth factor may play a key role in development of various human embryonic and fetal tissues.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yoneda, T -- Pratt, R M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 31;213(4507):563-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7017936" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Division/drug effects ; Cell Line ; DNA Replication/drug effects ; Embryo, Mammalian ; Epidermal Growth Factor/*pharmacology ; Female ; Humans ; Insulin/pharmacology ; Kinetics ; Organ Specificity ; Ornithine Decarboxylase/metabolism ; Palate/drug effects/*physiology ; Peptides/*pharmacology ; Pregnancy
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  • 29
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    Metastatic potential is positively correlated with cell surface sialylation of cultured murine tumor cell lines (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-06-26
    Description: The ability of murine tumor cells to metastasize spontaneously from subcutaneous sites is positively correlated with the total sialic acid content of the cells in culture, the degree to which the sialic acid is exposed on the tumor cell surface, and, most strongly, with the degree of sialylation of galactosyl and N-acetylgalactosaminyl residues in cell surface glycoconjugates. These findings suggest that sialic acid on the cell surface may play a role in tumor cell metastasis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yogeeswaran, G -- Salk, P L -- CA19312-01/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 26;212(4502):1514-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233237" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Cell Membrane/*physiology ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Cell Transformation, Viral ; Mice ; *Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasms, Experimental/*physiopathology ; Sialic Acids/*analysis
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  • 30
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    Rhodamine-123 selectively reduces clonal growth of carcinoma cells in vitro (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-12-10
    Description: Rhodamine-123, a cationic laser dye, markedly reduced the clonal growth of carcinoma cells but had little effect on nontumorigenic epithelial cells in vitro. This selective inhibitory effect of Rhodamine-123 on some carcinomas is unusual since known anticancer drugs, such as arabinosyl cytosine and methotrexate, have not been shown to exhibit such selectivity in vitro.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bernal, S D -- Lampidis, T J -- Summerhayes, I C -- Chen, L B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 10;218(4577):1117-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7146897" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Carcinoma/*drug therapy ; Cell Line ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Mice ; Mitochondria/metabolism ; Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy ; Rhodamine 123 ; Rhodamines/metabolism/therapeutic use ; Time Factors ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/drug therapy
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  • 31
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    Measurement of intracellular free calcium in monkey kidney cells with aequorin (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-07-16
    Description: A method has been developed for the measurement of intracellular free calcium in mammalian cells. The calcium-sensitive photoprotein aequorin can be incorporated into isolated cells by hypo-osmotic treatment without altering the cell viability, permeability, or metabolism. Intracellular calcium activity (Cai2+) was monitored in a perfusion system. In monkey kidney cells (LLC-MK2), Cai2+ is approximately 57 nanomoles per liter. Changes in Cai2+ with time can also be followed: exposure of the cells to anaerobiosis or the calcium ionophore A23187 reversibly increases Cai2+. The method has also been successfully tested in rat hepatocytes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Borle, A B -- Snowdowne, K W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 16;217(4556):252-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6806904" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aequorin ; Anaerobiosis ; Animals ; Calcimycin/pharmacology ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Cell Line ; Kidney/drug effects/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; *Luminescent Proteins ; Macaca mulatta
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  • 32
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    Micromolar affinity benzodiazepine receptors: identification and characterization in central nervous system (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-06-11
    Description: Receptors that selectively bind micromolar concentrations of benzodiazepines are present in rat brain membrane. These micromolar receptors exhibit saturable, stereospecific binding, and the potency of benzodiazepine binding to these receptors is correlated with the ability of the benzodiazepines to inhibit maximum electric shock-induced convulsions. Benzodiazepine receptors with nanomolar affinity differ from the micromolar receptors in their binding, kinetic, and pharmacologic characteristics. The micromolar receptors also bind phenytoin, a non-benzodiazepine anticonvulsant. These results provide evidence for a distinct class of clinically relevant benzodiazepine receptors that may regulate neuronal excitability and anticonvulsant activity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bowling, A C -- DeLorenzo, R J -- NS 1352/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 11;216(4551):1247-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6281893" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Benzodiazepines/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Benzodiazepinones/metabolism ; Brain/*metabolism ; Calmodulin/antagonists & inhibitors ; Diazepam/metabolism ; Kinetics ; Ligands ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; Rats ; Receptors, Drug/*metabolism ; Receptors, GABA-A ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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    Artificial enzymes (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-11-05
    Description: Simple chemical catalysts have been designed to achieve some desirable features of enzymes. These novel catalysts are not proteins, but they may incorporate the typical enzyme catalytic groups and they achieve selectivity in their reactions by use of geometric control, as do enzymes. Catalysts that carry out geometrically controlled chlorinations of aromatic rings and steroids have been constructed. Other catalysts achieve the selective synthesis of amino acids, and still others imitate ribonuclease in detailed mechanism and hydrolyze RNA. Optimization of geometries has led to a rate acceleration of over 10(8) in one instance.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Breslow, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 5;218(4572):532-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123255" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Catalysis ; Cyclodextrins ; *Enzymes ; Kinetics ; Models, Chemical ; Ribonucleases ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Substrate Specificity ; Transaminases
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    Long-term synaptic potentiation in the superior cervical ganglion (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-03-12
    Description: Brief tetanic stimulation of the preganglionic nerves to the superior cervical ganglion enhances the postganglionic response to single preganglionic stimuli for 1 to 3 hours. This long-term potentiation of transmission through the ganglion is apparently not attributable to a persistent muscarinic action of the preganglionic neurotransmitter, acetylcholine, since neither the magnitude nor the time course of the phenomenon is reduced by atropine. The decay of long-term potentiation can be described by a first-order kinetic process with a mean time constant of 80 minutes. We conclude that long-term potentiation, once considered a unique property of the hippocampus, is in fact a more general feature of synaptic function. This form of synaptic memory may significantly influence information processing and control in other regions of the nervous system, including autonomic ganglia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brown, T H -- McAfee, D A -- 12116/PHS HHS/ -- NS 16576/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 12;215(4538):1411-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6278593" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Ganglia, Sympathetic/*physiology ; Kinetics ; Learning/*physiology ; Neuronal Plasticity ; Rats ; Synapses/*physiology ; *Synaptic Transmission ; Time Factors
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    Evidence that glucose "marks" beta cells resulting in preferential release of newly synthesized insulin (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-10-01
    Description: Studies of isolated islets labeled with radioactive leucine show that glucose at a critical time "marks" islets in such a way as to cause preferential release of newly synthesized insulin. The preferential release of insulin from marked islets is relatively independent of subsequent secretagogues or rates of insulin secretion. Previous kinetic studies have indicated that the critical time at which marking occurs is after proinsulin biosynthesis but before the secretory event. Thus, secretory cells may regulate the diversion of newly synthesized material for immediate release as it is approaching or transiting the Golgi apparatus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gold, G -- Gishizky, M L -- Grodsky, G M -- AM 01410/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 1;218(4567):56-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6181562" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine/pharmacology ; Animals ; Glucose/*pharmacology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Insulin/biosynthesis/*secretion ; Islets of Langerhans/drug effects/*secretion ; Kinetics ; Leucine ; Potassium/pharmacology ; Tolbutamide/pharmacology
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    Modulation of striatal dopaminergic function by local injection of 5'-N-ethylcarboxamide adenosine (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-10-01
    Description: Rats rotated to the left when 5'-N-ethylcarboxamide adenosine (NECA) was injected into the left caudate nucleus and apomorphine was administered subcutaneously. The combination of NECA and apomorphine was more potent than L-(phenylisopropyl)adenosine and apomorphine in eliciting rotation, suggesting the involvement of adenosine receptors of the Ra type. The response was reduced when 2',5'-dideoxyadenosine was injected along with NECA into the caudate nucleus or when theorphylline was given intraperitoneally. Higher doses of apomorphine elicited a self-mutilatory response after the injection of NECA into the caudate nucleus. These results suggest that adenosine may be involved in the modulation of dopaminergic function in the striatum.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Green, R D -- Proudfit, H K -- Yeung, S M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 1;218(4567):58-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123218" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine/administration & dosage/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Adenosine-5'-(N-ethylcarboxamide) ; Animals ; Apomorphine/pharmacology ; Caudate Nucleus/*physiology ; Corpus Striatum/*physiology ; Dopamine/*physiology ; Injections ; Kinetics ; Male ; Motor Activity/drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Rotation ; Vasodilator Agents/*pharmacology
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    Preferential attack of mitochondrial DNA by aflatoxin B1 during hepatocarcinogenesis (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-01-01
    Description: Administration of the hepatic carcinogen aflatoxin B1 to experimental animals results in covalent binding to liver mitochondrial DNA at concentrations three to four times higher than nuclear DNA. The concentration of carcinogen adducts in mitochondrial DNA remains unchanged even after 24 hours, possible because of lack of excision repair. Similarly, mitochondrial transcription and translation remain inhibited up to 24 hours suggesting long-term effects of aflatoxin B1 on the mitochondrial genetic system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Niranjan, B G -- Bhat, N K -- Avadhani, N G -- CA-22762/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 1;215(4528):73-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6797067" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aflatoxin B1 ; Aflatoxins/*metabolism ; Animals ; DNA, Mitochondrial/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Liver Neoplasms/*chemically induced/metabolism ; Male ; Mitochondria, Liver/*metabolism ; Neoplasms, Experimental/chemically induced ; Protein Biosynthesis/drug effects ; Rats ; Transcription, Genetic/drug effects
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    Brain injury causes a time-dependent increase in neuronotrophic activity at the lesion site (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-08-27
    Description: A cavity was made in the brain (entorhinal cortex) of developing or adult rats, and a small piece of Gelfoam was emplaced to collect fluid secreted into the wound. The neuronotrophic activity of the fluid was assayed with sympathetic and parasympathetic neurons in culture. The results show that wounds in the brain of developing or adult rats stimulate the accumulation of neuronotrophic factors and that the activity of these factors increases over the first few days after infliction of the damage.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nieto-Sampedro, M -- Lewis, E R -- Cotman, C W -- Manthorpe, M -- Skaper, S D -- Barbin, G -- Longo, F M -- Varon, S -- AG-00538/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- MH-19691/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- NS-16349/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 27;217(4562):860-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7100931" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenergic Fibers/physiology ; Animals ; Brain/*physiology ; Brain Injuries/*physiopathology ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Cholinergic Fibers/physiology ; Kinetics ; Nerve Growth Factors/*metabolism/pharmacology ; *Nerve Regeneration ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Wound Healing
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Norethisterone, a major ingredient of contraceptive pills, is a suicide inhibitor of estrogen biosynthesis (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-03-05
    Description: Norethisterone (17 alpha-ethynyl-19-nortestosterone) is an effective irreversible inhibitor of estrogen synthetase (aromatase), the enzyme responsible for the conversion of androgens to estrogens, even at a 2 X 10(-6) molar concentration. This irreversible inactivation, which is directed toward the active site of aromatase and requires the cofactor-reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, is both time- and concentration-dependent. Ethisterone (17 alpha-ethynyltestosterone), in contrast, is not a suicide inhibitor of aromatase even at concentrations of 10(-4) molar.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Osawa, Y -- Yarborough, C -- HDO4945/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 5;215(4537):1249-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7058343" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aromatase Inhibitors ; Binding Sites/drug effects ; Contraceptives, Oral/*pharmacology ; Estrogens/*biosynthesis ; Female ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Microsomes/enzymology ; Norethindrone/*pharmacology ; Oxidoreductases/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Placenta/enzymology ; Pregnancy
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    Evidence for the clonal origin of spontaneous metastases (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-07-23
    Description: A cultured cell line of the K-1735 melanoma was x-irradiated to induce chromosome breakage and rearrangements and then was implanted into the footpads of syngenic C3H mice. Spontaneous lung metastases were isolated from different animals, established in culture as individual lines, and then karyotyped. Within certain metastases, the same chromosomal abnormality (or abnormalities) (recombinant chromosomes) was found in all the cells examined. Most metastases differed from one another in that they exhibited characteristic combinations of chromosomal markers. These findings indicated that the metastases were clonal and that they probably originated from different progenitor cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Talmadge, J E -- Wolman, S R -- Fidler, I J -- N01-CO-75380/CO/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 23;217(4557):361-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6953592" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Genetic Markers ; Karyotyping ; Lung Neoplasms/secondary ; Melanoma ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C3H ; Neoplasm Metastasis/*pathology ; Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
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    Transformation of human leukocytes by cocultivation with an adult T cell leukemia virus producer cell line (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-08-20
    Description: The transmission of adult T cell leukemia virus, a human retrovirus, into fresh leukocytes from normal humans was examined. One of three virus-carrying cell lines, tested after being subjected to lethal x-irradiation, consistently transformed leukocytes from adult peripheral blood and umbilical cord blood. All the transformed cell lines expressed adult T cell leukemia virus-associated antigen, but transformed lines originating from adult and umbilical cord blood exhibited T cell and non-T, non-B cell surface natures, respectively. Efforts to transform human leukocytes with cell-free virus were unsuccessful.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yamamoto, N -- Okada, M -- Koyanagi, Y -- Kannagi, M -- Hinuma, Y -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 20;217(4561):737-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6980467" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antigens, Surface/immunology ; Antigens, Viral/immunology ; B-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Cell Line ; Fetal Blood ; Genes, Viral ; Humans ; Karyotyping ; Leukocytes/*physiology ; Retroviridae/*genetics ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; *Transformation, Genetic
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    Translational efficiency of transfer RNA's: uses of an extended anticodon (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-11-12
    Description: Transfer RNA's are probably very strongly selected for translational efficiency. In this article, the argument is presented that the coding performance of the triplet anticodon is enhanced by selection of a matching anticodon loop and stem sequence. the anticodon plus these nearby sequence features (the extended anticodon) therefore contains more coding information than the anticodon alone and can perform more efficiently and accurately at the ribosome. This idea successfully accounts for the relative efficiencies of many transfer RNA's.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yarus, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 12;218(4573):646-52.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6753149" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; Kinetics ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; *Protein Biosynthesis ; RNA, Transfer/*genetics ; Ribosomes/metabolism ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Suppression, Genetic
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    Time course of alpha-flupenthixol action explains "response artifacts" of neuroleptic action on brain stimulation reward (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-12-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Dec 16;222(4629):1251-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6648532" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/drug effects ; Flupenthixol/*pharmacology ; Hypothalamus/*drug effects ; Kinetics ; Rats ; *Reward ; Self Stimulation/*drug effects ; Thioxanthenes/*pharmacology
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    High efficiency DNA-mediated transformation of primate cells (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-08-05
    Description: Tissue culture cells from several mammalian species, including three primate lines, were transfected with recombinant vectors carrying Escherichia coli xanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase or Tn5 aminoglycoside phosphotransferase dominant selectable markers. Human HeLa and SV40-transformed xeroderma pigmentosum cells exhibited stable transformation frequencies of at least 10(-3) (0.1 percent). CV-1, an African green monkey kidney cell line, could be stably transformed with the exceptionally high frequency of 6 X 10(-2) (6 percent).〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gorman, C -- Padmanabhan, R -- Howard, B H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Aug 5;221(4610):551-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6306768" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Avian Sarcoma Viruses/genetics ; Cell Line ; Cercopithecus aethiops ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; DNA, Recombinant/*metabolism ; Genetic Vectors ; HeLa Cells/metabolism ; Humans ; Mice ; Plasmids ; *Transfection
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  • 45
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    Midbrain microinfusions of prolactin increase the estrogen-dependent behavior, lordosis (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-03-25
    Description: Microinfusions of rat prolactin into the dorsal midbrain of estrogen-treated, ovariectomized rats increased lordosis behavior. Midbrain microinfusions of antiserum to prolactin into rats displaying maximum lordosis had the opposite effect. The distribution of a prolactin-like substance in the brain was studied immunocytochemically. The results suggest that a hypothalamic neuronal system projecting to the midbrain contains a prolactin-like substance that plays a role in facilitating this behavior and therefore may mediate some of the effects of estrogen on the brain. These data, together with others from studies of the prolactin gene and its regulation, indicate that it may be possible to analyze a sequence of molecular events in the brain that facilitate a behavioral response.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Harlan, R E -- Shivers, B D -- Pfaff, D W -- HD-05585/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HD-05737/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Mar 25;219(4591):1451-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6828874" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenalectomy ; Animals ; Castration ; Cerebral Cortex/drug effects/*physiology ; Cosyntropin/pharmacology ; Estradiol/pharmacology ; Female ; Growth Hormone/pharmacology ; Immune Sera ; Kinetics ; Mesencephalon/*physiology ; Oxytocin/pharmacology ; Posture ; Prolactin/administration & dosage/*pharmacology ; Rats ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/*drug effects ; Vasopressins/pharmacology
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  • 46
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    The thymus-adrenal connection: thymosin has corticotropin-releasing activity in primates (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-12-23
    Description: Endotoxin-free thymosin fraction 5 elevated corticotropin, beta-endorphin, and cortisol in a dose- and time-dependent fashion when administered intravenously to prepubertal cynomolgus monkeys. Two synthetic component peptides of thymosin fraction 5 had no acute effects on pituitary function, suggesting that some other peptides in thymosin fraction 5 were responsible for its corticotropin-releasing activity. In agreement with these observations, total thymectomy of juvenile macaques was associated with decreases in plasma cortisol, corticotropin, and beta-endorphin. These findings indicate that the prepubertal primate thymus contains corticotropin-releasing activity that may contribute to a physiological immunoregulatory circuit between the developing immunological and pituitary-adrenal systems.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Healy, D L -- Hodgen, G D -- Schulte, H M -- Chrousos, G P -- Loriaux, D L -- Hall, N R -- Goldstein, A L -- CA 24974/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Dec 23;222(4630):1353-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6318312" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/*blood ; Animals ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Endorphins/blood ; Female ; Hydrocortisone/blood ; Kinetics ; Macaca fascicularis ; Thymectomy ; Thymosin/analogs & derivatives/*pharmacology ; Thymus Gland/*physiology ; beta-Endorphin
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  • 47
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    Implication of nonlinear kinetics on risk estimation in carcinogenesis (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-03-04
    Description: Efforts in estimating carcinogenic risk in humans from long-term exposure to chemical carcinogens have centered on the problem of low-dose extrapolation. For chemicals with metabolites that interact with DNA, it may be more meaningful to relate tumor response to the concentration of the DNA adducts in the target organ rather than to the applied dose. Many data suggest that the relation between tumor response and concentration of DNA adducts in the target organ may be linear. This implies that the nonlinearities of the dose-response curve for tumor induction may be due to the kinetic processes involved in the formation of carcinogen metabolite--DNA adducts. Of particular importance is the possibility that the kinetic processes may show a nonlinear "hockey-stick" like behavior which results from saturation of detoxification or DNA repair processes. The mathematical models typically used for low-dose extrapolation are shown potentially to overestimate risk by several orders of magnitude when nonlinear kinetics are present.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hoel, D G -- Kaplan, N L -- Anderson, M W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Mar 4;219(4588):1032-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6823565" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Carcinogens/*administration & dosage ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/*drug effects ; DNA, Neoplasm/genetics ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Models, Biological ; Neoplasms/*chemically induced ; Risk
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  • 48
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    Heme-heme orientation and electron transfer kinetic behavior of multisite oxidation-reduction enzymes (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-11-25
    Description: Analysis of the polarized single-crystal absorption spectra of cytochrome cd1 of Pseudomonas aeruginosa shows that the heme c and heme d1 groups in each subunit are oriented perpendicularly to each other in both oxidized and reduced forms of the enzyme. These results, together with those of previous kinetic studies, indicate that a perpendicular heme-heme orientation may be an important factor in specifying kinetically slow steps in a sequential series of electron transfer reactions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Makinen, M W -- Schichman, S A -- Hill, S C -- Gray, H B -- 1-T32-HD-07009/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Nov 25;222(4626):929-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6415814" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Cytochromes ; *Electron Transport ; *Heme ; Kinetics ; *Nitrite Reductases ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa/enzymology ; Spectrum Analysis
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    Synthesis of kappa light chains by cell lines containing an 8;22 chromosomal translocation derived from a male homosexual with Burkitt's lymphoma (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-12-09
    Description: Three cell lines were derived from a homosexual patient with probable acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and Burkitt's lymphoma. The cell lines produce an unusual strain of Epstein-Barr virus which will both transform cord blood lymphocytes and induce early antigens in Raji cells. Translocations between chromosomes 8 and 22 have occurred in all three lines, but the cells synthesize immunoglobulin M with light chains of the kappa type, in contrast to the usual concordance between a translocation involving chromosome 22 and lambda chain synthesis. Both kappa genes and one lambda gene are rearranged. These findings indicate either that translocation may occur as a separate event from immunoglobulin gene rearrangement or that the proposed hierarchical sequence of immunoglobulin gene rearrangements is not always adhered to. The data also imply that in cells containing a translocation between the long arm of chromosome 8 and a chromosome bearing an immunoglobulin gene, alteration of cellular myc expression may occur regardless of the immunoglobulin gene that is expressed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Magrath, I -- Erikson, J -- Whang-Peng, J -- Sieverts, H -- Armstrong, G -- Benjamin, D -- Triche, T -- Alabaster, O -- Croce, C M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Dec 9;222(4628):1094-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6316501" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications ; Antigens, Viral/analysis ; Burkitt Lymphoma/complications/*genetics ; Cell Line ; Chromosomes, Human, 21-22 and Y ; Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X ; Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigens ; Herpesvirus 4, Human/analysis ; Homosexuality ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Light Chains/*biosynthesis ; Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains/*biosynthesis ; Male ; Oncogenes
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    DNA methylation decreases in aging but not in immortal cells (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-06-03
    Description: When normal diploid fibroblasts from mice, hamsters, and humans were grown in culture, the 5-methylcytosine content of their DNA's markedly decreased. The greatest rate of loss of 5-methylcytosine residues was observed in mouse cells, which survived the least number of division. Immortal mouse cell lines had more stable rates of methylation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wilson, V L -- Jones, P A -- 1-T32-CA09320/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01-GM30892/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jun 3;220(4601):1055-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6844925" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 5-Methylcytosine ; *Aging ; Animals ; Cell Division ; Cell Line ; Cricetinae ; Cytosine/analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; DNA/metabolism/*physiology ; Fibroblasts/metabolism ; Humans ; Mesocricetus ; Methylation ; Mice ; Time Factors
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    Waterlogged molecules (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-12-09
    Description: Measurements of vapor pressures over their aqueous solutions indicate that organic compounds show profound differences in hydrophilic character. These differences are of such magnitude as to suggest an important role for changing solvation in determining free energy changes associated with metabolic transformations in water, and in governing structural equilibria of proteins and other large molecules in water. When two or more functional groups are present within the same solute molecule, their combined effects on its free energy of solvation are commonly additive. Striking departures from additivity, observed in certain cases, indicate the existence of special interactions between different parts of a solute molecule and the water that surrounds it. Similar considerations presumably apply to activated intermediates in the interconversion of biological materials.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wolfenden, R -- GM 18325/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Dec 9;222(4628):1087-93.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6359416" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chemistry, Organic ; Enzymes/physiology ; Kinetics ; Metabolism ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Nucleic Acids/physiology ; Organic Chemistry Phenomena ; Protein Conformation ; Solvents ; Water/*physiology
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    Noninvasive observations of fluorinated anesthetics in rabbit brain by fluorine-19 nuclear magnetic resonance (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-10-28
    Description: Fluorinated anesthetics were observed noninvasively in the brain of intact rabbits with fluorine-19 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. High-resolution fluorine-19 spectra of halothane, methoxyflurane, and isoflurane were obtained with a surface coil centered over the calvarium. Elimination of halothane from the brain was also monitored by this technique. Residual fluorine-19 signals from halothane (or a metabolite) could be detected as long as 98 hours after termination of anesthesia. These observations demonstrate the feasibility of using this technique to study the fate of fluorinated anesthetics in live mammals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wyrwicz, A M -- Pszenny, M H -- Schofield, J C -- Tillman, P C -- Gordon, R E -- Martin, P A -- GM 29520/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- K04 GM 00503/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Oct 28;222(4622):428-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6623084" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/*metabolism ; Halothane/*metabolism ; Isoflurane/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Methoxyflurane/*metabolism ; Methyl Ethers/*metabolism ; Rabbits
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    Bacterial contamination of human tumor samples (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-08-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Aug 17;225(4663):670-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6087452" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics ; Cell Line ; DNA, Bacterial ; *DNA, Neoplasm ; DNA, Viral ; Hepatitis B virus/genetics ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms/genetics ; Oncogenes
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    Biotechnology as an intellectual property (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-04-27
    Description: Recent advances in biotechnology have created many public policy and legal issues, one of the most significant of which is the treatment of biotechnological industrial products, particularly under the patent system. Patents represent one of several types of intellectual property; their ownership confers the right to exclude others from benefitting from the tangible products of a proprietary subject matter. Intellectual property law and its protections will play a major role in the rate at which biotechnology develops in the United States. In this article biotechnological intellectual property issues are reviewed in the context of their underlying legal requirements. The implications of other factors, such as international competition, research funding, and gene ownership, are also considered.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Adler, R G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Apr 27;224(4647):357-63.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6584975" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biomedical Research ; Cell Line ; Copyright ; DNA, Recombinant ; Economic Competition ; Federal Government ; *Genetic Engineering ; *Genetics, Microbial ; Government Regulation ; Legislation as Topic ; Ownership ; *Patents as Topic ; Research ; *Technology ; United States ; as a question of intellectual property rights. Attention is focused on the major ; role played by the U.S. patent system in establishing such rights, as illustrated ; by the case of products of recombinant DNA research. Trade secret, copyright, and ; trademark protections are also considered, as are policy issues such as ; international competition in the development of biomedical technologies and ; financing arrangements.
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    Stress hormones: their interaction and regulation (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-05-04
    Description: Stress stimulates several adaptive hormonal responses. Prominent among these responses are the secretion of catecholamines from the adrenal medulla, corticosteroids from the adrenal cortex, and adrenocorticotropin from the anterior pituitary. A number of complex interactions are involved in the regulation of these hormones. Glucocorticoids regulate catecholamine biosynthesis in the adrenal medulla and catecholamines stimulate adrenocorticotropin release from the anterior pituitary. In addition, other hormones, including corticotropin-releasing factor, vasoactive intestinal peptide, and arginine vasopressin stimulate while the corticosteroids and somatostatin inhibit adrenocorticotropin secretion. Together these agents appear to determine the complex physiologic responses to a variety of stressors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Axelrod, J -- Reisine, T D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 May 4;224(4648):452-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6143403" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenylyl Cyclases/metabolism ; Adrenal Cortex/metabolism ; Adrenal Medulla/metabolism ; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/*metabolism ; Animals ; Brain/metabolism ; Catecholamines/*metabolism ; Cell Line ; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone/metabolism ; Cyclic AMP/metabolism ; Glucocorticoids/*metabolism ; Humans ; Phospholipases A/metabolism ; Pituitary Gland, Anterior/metabolism ; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha/metabolism ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta/metabolism ; Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism ; Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone ; Receptors, Somatostatin ; Somatostatin/pharmacology ; Stress, Physiological/*metabolism ; Stress, Psychological/metabolism ; Sympathetic Nervous System/metabolism ; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide/pharmacology ; Vasopressins/pharmacology
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    Regulation of a hybrid gene by glucose and temperature in hamster fibroblasts (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-10-12
    Description: A novel eukaryotic hybrid gene has been constructed from the 5' sequence of a rat gene and the bacterial neomycin-resistance gene. After transfection into hamster fibroblasts, the neo transcripts can be induced to high levels by the absence of glucose. Furthermore, this hybrid gene can be regulated by temperature when it is introduced into a temperature-sensitive mutant cell line.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Attenello, J W -- Lee, A S -- CA-27607/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Oct 12;226(4671):187-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6484570" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Cricetinae ; DNA, Recombinant ; Drug Resistance, Microbial ; Fibroblasts ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes, Bacterial ; *Genes, Regulator ; Glucose/*pharmacology ; *HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins ; Membrane Proteins/biosynthesis/*genetics ; Mutation ; Neomycin/pharmacology ; Rats ; Temperature ; Transcription, Genetic ; Transfection
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    T-cell growth factor gene: lack of expression in human T-cell leukemia-lymphoma virus-infected cells (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-03-09
    Description: Activated mature T cells require T-cell growth factor (TCGF) for continuous proliferation. However, many mature T cells infected with human T-cell leukemia-lymphoma virus grow independently of exogenously added TCGF. It is now reported that cells infected with this virus also lack detectable TCGF messenger RNA (less than one copy per cell) and thus do not produce their own growth factor. The results apparently rule out an autostimulation mechanism of growth control.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Arya, S K -- Wong-Staal, F -- Gallo, R C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Mar 9;223(4640):1086-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6320374" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Line ; Deltaretrovirus/*physiology ; *Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects ; Humans ; Interferon-gamma/genetics ; Interleukin-2/*genetics ; Phytohemagglutinins/pharmacology ; RNA, Messenger/*genetics ; T-Lymphocytes/metabolism/*microbiology ; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/pharmacology
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    Identification of DNA sequence responsible for 5-bromodeoxyuridine-induced gene amplification (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-08-31
    Description: Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd) treatment of the prolactin nonproducing subclone of GH cells (rat pituitary tumor cells) induces amplification of a 20-kilobase DNA fragment including all of the prolactin gene coding sequences. This amplified DNA segment, which is flanked by two unamplified regions, thus designates a unit of BrdUrd-induced amplified sequence. Cloned DNA segments, 10.3 kilobases long, from the 5' end of the rat prolactin gene of BrdUrd-responsive and -nonresponsive cells, were ligated to the thymidine kinase gene of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1TK), and the hybrid DNA was transferred to thymidine kinase-deficient mouse fibroblast cells by transfection. The HSV1TK gene and the rat prolactin gene were amplified together in drug-treated transfectants carrying the hybrid DNA HSV1TK gene and rat prolactin gene of BrdUrd-responsive GH cells. These results suggest that the 10.3-kilobase DNA segment at the 5' end of the rat prolactin gene of BrdUrd-responsive GH cells carries the information for drug-induced gene amplification (amplicon) and that another gene, such as the HSV1TK gene, is also amplified when the latter is placed adjacent to this segment.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Biswas, D K -- Hartigan, J A -- Pichler, M H -- CA28218/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Aug 31;225(4665):941-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6089335" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Bromodeoxyuridine/*pharmacology ; Cell Line ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/*genetics ; DNA, Recombinant ; *Gene Amplification ; Genes, Viral ; Mice ; Prolactin/genetics ; Rats ; Simplexvirus/genetics ; Thymidine Kinase/genetics ; Transfection
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    Insulin receptor: evidence that it is a protein kinase (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-01-21
    Description: Highly purified preparations of insulin receptor catalyzed the phosphorylation of the 95,000-dalton subunit of the insulin receptor. This subunit of the insulin receptor was also labeled with [alpha-32P]8-azidoadenosine 5'-triphosphate, a photoaffinity label for adenosine triphosphate binding sites. The identity of the 95,000-dalton band was confirmed in both cases by precipitation with a monoclonal antibody to the insulin receptor. These results suggest that the insulin receptor is itself a protein kinase.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Roth, R A -- Cassell, D J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jan 21;219(4582):299-301.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6849137" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Lymphocytes ; Molecular Weight ; Phosphoproteins/physiology ; Protein Kinases/*physiology ; Receptor, Insulin/*physiology
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    Herpes simplex virus glycoprotein D: human monoclonal antibody produced by bone marrow cell line (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-07-08
    Description: Normal bone marrow cells from a donor positive for herpes simplex virus were transformed with Epstein-Barr virus. The resulting lymphoblastoid cell line has secreted immunoglobulin G1 of the kappa type continuously for 2 years. This immunoglobulin, detected both on the cell surface and in the cytoplasm, reacts with cells infected with herpes simplex virus. It defines an antigen that comigrates with the 55-kilodalton glycoprotein D of herpes simplex virus type 1 and neutralizes the infectivity of herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Seigneurin, J M -- Desgranges, C -- Seigneurin, D -- Paire, J -- Renversez, J C -- Jacquemont, B -- Micouin, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 8;221(4606):173-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6304881" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aged ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/*immunology ; B-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Bone Marrow/*immunology ; Bone Marrow Cells ; Cell Line ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G/immunology ; Simplexvirus/*immunology ; Viral Envelope Proteins ; Viral Proteins/*immunology
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    Altered transcription of the c-abl oncogene in K-562 and other chronic myelogenous leukemia cells (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-07-06
    Description: Expression of the cellular abl (c- abl ) oncogene was studied in K-562 and other chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) cells and cell lines by means of Northern blot hybridization. In contrast to non-CML cells, which contained 7.4- and 6.8-kilobase abl -related transcripts, the CML cells contained a predominant and novel 8.2-kilobase abl -related RNA. In addition, the levels of abl -related message were up to eight times higher in CML cell lines from patients at the blast crisis stage of the disease compared with CML cells obtained during the chronic phase and with non-CML cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Collins, S J -- Kubonishi, I -- Miyoshi, I -- Groudine, M T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jul 6;225(4657):72-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6587568" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Chromosomes, Human, 21-22 and Y ; Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X ; DNA, Neoplasm/genetics ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid/*genetics ; Mice ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; *Oncogenes ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; *Transcription, Genetic
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    Optical measurements of extracellular calcium depletion during a single heartbeat (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-10-12
    Description: The impermeant dye antipyrylazo III was used to measure depletion of extracellular calcium and net influx of calcium through the sarcolemma during the cardiac action potential. It was found that calcium entry occurs continuously during the action potential and is under direct control of the membrane potential. The inotropic action of epinephrine is accompanied by increased influx of calcium, while strophanthidin enhances the twitch without altering calcium influx during the action potential.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cleemann, L -- Pizarro, G -- Morad, M -- HL16152/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Oct 12;226(4671):174-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6091269" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Epinephrine/pharmacology ; Extracellular Space/*metabolism ; Ion Channels ; Kinetics ; *Myocardial Contraction/drug effects ; Myocardium/*metabolism ; Naphthalenesulfonates ; Ranidae ; Sarcolemma/*metabolism ; Spectrophotometry ; Stimulation, Chemical ; Strophanthidin/pharmacology
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    Rapid degradation of "new" acetylcholine receptors at neuromuscular junctions (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-10-07
    Description: Acetylcholine receptors at innervated neuromuscular junctions are very stable, with half-lives reported to be 6 to 13 days. Their turnover is described as a first-order process, implying a single population of receptors. In this study, two subpopulations of acetylcholine receptors at normally innervated junctions have been identified. One has a rapid turnover rate with a half-life of 18.7 hours, similar to that of extrajunctional receptors, and the other has a slow turnover rate with a half-life of 12.4 days. The rapidly turned over subpopulation represents approximately 20 percent of the total junctional receptors. This finding may account for the discrepancies in previous reports of turnover rates and may explain the rapid reversibility in vivo of agents that "irreversibly" block acetylcholine receptors. This finding also implies that the synthesis rate of junctional acetylcholine receptors may be higher than previous estimates. The rapidly turned-over subpopulation may represent receptors that were newly inserted into the neuromuscular junction and that were not yet stabilized by an influence of the motor nerve.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stanley, E F -- Drachman, D B -- 5 P01 NS10920/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- 5 R01 HD04817/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Oct 7;222(4619):67-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6623057" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bungarotoxins ; Diaphragm ; Kinetics ; Mice ; Neuromuscular Junction/*metabolism ; Receptors, Cholinergic/biosynthesis/classification/*metabolism ; Synaptic Membranes/metabolism
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    Bovine x mouse hybridomas that secrete bovine immunoglobulin G1 (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-04-29
    Description: The interspecific fusion of normal bovine lymphocytes with a nonsecreting mouse hybridoma produced stable cell lines secreting bovine immunoglobulins. One of these lines has continued to secrete immunoglobulin G1 (5 to 10 micrograms per milliliter) for over 16 months. The bovine x mouse hybrid cells can be expected to provide bovine monoclonal immunoglobulins for sequencing studies and for use as serological standards as well as to provide messenger RNA for cloning bovine immunoglobulin genes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Srikumaran, S -- Guidry, A J -- Goldsby, R A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 29;220(4596):522-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6403985" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/biosynthesis ; Cattle ; Cell Line ; Hybridomas/*immunology ; Immunoglobulin G/*biosynthesis/immunology/isolation & purification ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/immunology ; Immunoglobulin Light Chains/immunology ; Immunoglobulin M/immunology ; Mice ; Radioimmunoassay
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    Serological visualization of interleukin 2 (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-06-10
    Description: Interleukin 2, a lymphokine that acts as a second signal of cellular immune response by way of its action as a T-cell growth factor, was morphologically identified by immunoperoxidase staining. With the use of a monoclonal antibody to interleukin 2 and several complex-forming antisera, the lymphokine was readily distinguished in cytocentrifuge preparations of peripheral blood leukocytes stimulated with a T-cell mitogen. When preparations of cloned interleukin 2 producer and responder cells were stained by the same procedures, discrete patterns of both responder and producer cell phenotypes were revealed. Interleukin 2 producer T cells exhibited a characteristic intense, ringlike cytoplasmic staining, whereas the responder cells (as exemplified by interleukin 2-dependent cell lines) exhibited a less intensive, spotlike membrane staining. In addition, intense membrane localization of interleukin 2, reminiscent of potential capping phenomena, could be observed in stained preparations of cloned responder cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Steinmann, G -- Conlon, P -- Hefeneider, S -- Gillis, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jun 10;220(4602):1188-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6344215" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology ; Cell Line ; Humans ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Interleukin-2/*physiology ; Leukocytes/physiology ; Mice ; T-Lymphocytes/physiology
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    Reinitiation of growth in senescent mouse mammary epithelium in response to cholera toxin (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-06-15
    Description: Several lines of mouse mammary tissue that had been serially transplanted until mitotic senescence was reached were exposed in vivo to plastic implants that slowly released cholera toxin. Gland tissue surrounding the implants displayed new end buds, indicating reinitiation of growth and morphogenesis. The ability of cholera toxin, which elevates intracellular adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate, to temporarily reverse the senescent phenotype suggests that this mitotic dysfunction results not from generalized cellular deterioration but from specific changes in cell regulation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Daniel, C W -- Silberstein, G B -- Strickland, P -- 1050/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jun 15;224(4654):1245-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6328652" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Division/*drug effects ; Cell Line ; Cholera Toxin/*pharmacology ; Cyclic AMP/physiology ; DNA/biosynthesis ; Epithelium/drug effects ; Female ; Fibroblasts/drug effects ; Humans ; Mammary Glands, Animal/*drug effects ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mitosis/drug effects
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    A new type D retrovirus isolated from macaques with an immunodeficiency syndrome (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-02-10
    Description: Macaque monkeys with the recently described acquired immunodeficiency syndrome show a marked defect in T-lymphocyte function and die with opportunistic infections and lymphoproliferative abnormalities. In the study described here a new type D retrovirus was isolated from two Macaca cyclopis with this syndrome. This virus is related to, but distinct from, Mason-Pfizer monkey virus, a type D retrovirus previously isolated from a mammary tumor of a rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta).〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Daniel, M D -- King, N W -- Letvin, N L -- Hunt, R D -- Sehgal, P K -- Desrosiers, R C -- R01-A1 20729/PHS HHS/ -- RR00168/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Feb 10;223(4636):602-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6695172" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Burkitt Lymphoma ; Cell Line ; Humans ; Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/*microbiology ; Macaca ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Retroviridae/genetics/immunology/*isolation & purification
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    Nucleotide sequence of a human Blym transforming gene activated in a Burkitt's lymphoma (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-08-03
    Description: The nucleotide sequence of a human Blym-1 transforming gene activated in a Burkitt's lymphoma cell line was determined. This sequence predicts a small protein of 58 amino acids that is 33 percent identical to the predicted product of chicken Blym-1, the activated transforming gene of chicken B cell lymphomas. Both the human and chicken Blym-1 genes exhibit significant identity to an amino-terminal region of transferrins.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Diamond, A -- Devine, J M -- Cooper, G M -- CA 07250/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 28946/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Aug 3;225(4661):516-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6330897" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Burkitt Lymphoma/*genetics ; Cell Line ; *Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; Humans ; *Oncogenes ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Transcription, Genetic ; Transferrin/genetics
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    Chemical mutation of enzyme active sites (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1984-11-02
    Description: New active sites can be introduced into naturally occurring enzymes by the chemical modification of specific amino acid residues with the use of appropriately designed coenzyme analogs. The resultant semisynthetic enzymes can have catalytic activities very different from those of the corresponding native enzymes. For example, papain has been converted into a highly effective oxidoreductase by covalent modification of the sulfhydryl group of the active site cysteine residue (Cys25) with flavins such as 8-bromoacetyl-10-methylisoalloxazine. Thus, it is now possible to enhance the catalytic versatility of existing enzymes through the process of "chemical mutation" of the active site.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, E T -- Lawrence, D S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Nov 2;226(4674):505-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6238407" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anaerobiosis ; *Binding Sites ; Catalysis ; Chemical Phenomena ; *Chemistry ; Chymotrypsin ; Enzymes/*chemical synthesis ; Flavins ; Kinetics ; NAD/metabolism ; Niacinamide/analogs & derivatives ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Papain ; Stereoisomerism ; Toluene/analogs & derivatives/metabolism
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    Inhibition of cholesterol crystal formation by apolipoproteins in supersaturated model bile (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-08-03
    Description: Apolipoproteins A-1 and A-2 were purified from human plasma. At concentrations present in human bile these proteins prolonged the nucleation time of cholesterol monohydrate crystals when added to model systems of supersaturated bile. In contrast, apolipoprotein C-3 and other serum proteins did not have this effect. Also, when human gallbladder bile was fractionated by gel filtration chromatography, apolipoproteins A-1 and A-2 were among the proteins present in a fraction of bile enriched in potent inhibitors of cholesterol crystal nucleation. These findings suggest that apolipoproteins A-1 and A-2 in supersaturated human gallbladder bile could inhibit the rate of formation of solid cholesterol crystals and thus help to prevent spontaneous cholesterol gallstone formation in humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kibe, A -- Holzbach, R T -- LaRusso, N F -- Mao, S J -- AM-17562/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM-24031/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- HL-32317/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Aug 3;225(4661):514-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6429856" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Apolipoprotein A-I ; Apolipoprotein A-II ; Apolipoproteins/*blood ; Bile/*physiology ; Cholesterol/*metabolism ; Crystallization ; Gallbladder/physiology ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Lipoproteins, HDL/*blood ; Models, Biological
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    Purified human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor: direct action on neutrophils (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-12-14
    Description: Neutrophil migration inhibition factor from T lymphocytes (NIF-T) is a lymphokine that acts to localize granulocytes. Medium conditioned by the Mo human T-lymphoblast cell line was used to purify NIF-T, a glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 22,000. The NIF-T was found to potently stimulate the growth of granulocyte and macrophage colonies from human bone marrow and colony formation by the KG-1 myeloid leukemia cell line. Thus a human lymphokine (NIF-T) that modulates the activities of mature neutrophilic granulocytes is also a colony-stimulating factor acting on precursors to induce growth and differentiation of new effector cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gasson, J C -- Weisbart, R H -- Kaufman, S E -- Clark, S C -- Hewick, R M -- Wong, G G -- Golde, D W -- CA 30280/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 30388/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 32737/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Dec 14;226(4680):1339-42.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6390681" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bone Marrow Cells ; Cell Division ; Cell Line ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Colony-Stimulating Factors/*isolation & purification ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Granulocytes/*cytology ; Humans ; Leukocyte Migration-Inhibitory Factors/*pharmacology ; Lymphokines/*pharmacology ; Macrophages/*cytology ; Molecular Weight
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    Cytomegalovirus replicates in differentiated but not in undifferentiated human embryonal carcinoma cells (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-04-13
    Description: To study the mode of action of human cytomegalovirus, an important teratogenic agent in human populations, the susceptibility of a pluripotent human embryonal carcinoma cell line to the virus was investigated. Viral antigens were not expressed nor was infectious virus produced by human embryonal carcinoma cells after infection, although the virus was able to penetrate these cells. In contrast, retinoic acid-induced differentiated derivatives of embryonal carcinoma cells were permissive for antigen expression and infectious virus production. Replication of human cytomegalovirus in human teratocarcinoma cells may therefore depend on cellular functions associated with differentiation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gonczol, E -- Andrews, P W -- Plotkin, S A -- AI-14927/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- CA-29894/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Apr 13;224(4645):159-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6322309" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Line ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/drug effects/metabolism ; Cell Transformation, Viral/drug effects ; Cytomegalovirus/*physiology ; Embryonal Carcinoma Stem Cells ; Humans ; Neoplastic Stem Cells/*microbiology ; Stem Cells/*microbiology ; Teratoma/*microbiology ; Tretinoin/pharmacology ; *Virus Replication
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    Detection of c-sis transcripts and synthesis of PDGF-like proteins by human osteosarcoma cells (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-11-23
    Description: Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) has been previously shown to be homologous to the transforming gene of simian sarcoma virus (v-sis), and inappropriate expression of the cellular counterpart of the v-sis gene (c-sis) has been implicated in the generation of mesenchymal tumors. The U-2 OS human osteosarcoma line was shown to contain multiple c-sis transcripts. Immunoprecipitation experiments with antiserum to PDGF identified a variety of polypeptides ranging in size from 18,000 to 165,000 daltons that were immunoprecipitated specifically from U-2 OS cell extracts. The osteosarcoma also was shown to secrete a 29,000-dalton protein having the serological and structural characteristics of PDGF.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Graves, D T -- Owen, A J -- Barth, R K -- Tempst, P -- Winoto, A -- Fors, L -- Hood, L E -- Antoniades, H N -- CA30101/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- HL27607/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL29583/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Nov 23;226(4677):972-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6209798" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Line ; DNA Replication ; Humans ; Molecular Weight ; Neoplasm Proteins/*genetics ; *Oncogenes ; Osteosarcoma/*genetics ; *Platelet-Derived Growth Factor ; Poly A/genetics/isolation & purification ; RNA/genetics/isolation & purification ; RNA, Messenger ; *Transcription, Genetic
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    Activated expression of the N-myc gene in human neuroblastomas and related tumors (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1984-12-14
    Description: In neuroblastoma lines in which the N-myc gene is present as a single copy, the expression of N-myc as messenger RNA is increased relative to that in nonneuroblastoma cell lines and tumors. The increase of expression in neuroblastomas with amplified N-myc genes is the result of (i) an increase in the absolute amount of expression of each N-myc gene and (ii) an increase in the copy number of the N-myc gene. A second gene--which is amplified in many of the same lines as N-myc--is expressed to about the same degree in most human cell lines and primary tumors regardless of origin (when normalized to gene copy number). Thus, a change in the regulation of N-myc expression in neuroblastomas and certain other tumors results in greatly increased expression of each N-myc gene copy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kohl, N E -- Gee, C E -- Alt, F W -- 2-P01 CA 23767-06/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Dec 14;226(4680):1335-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6505694" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Line ; *Gene Amplification ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Neuroblastoma/*genetics ; *Oncogenes ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism
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    Prolongation of rat islet allograft survival by direct ultraviolet irradiation of the graft (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-02-10
    Description: Ultraviolet irradiation of rat dendritic cells completely abrogated their allostimulatory capacity in a mixed lymphocyte reaction. Rat islets of Langerhans similarly irradiated remained hormonally functional when transplanted into syngeneic diabetic rats. Allogeneic transplantation across a major histocompatibility barrier of islets initially treated in vitro with ultraviolet irradiation resulted in prolonged allograft survival without the use of any immunosuppressive agents.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lau, H -- Reemtsma, K -- Hardy, M A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Feb 10;223(4636):607-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6420888" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Survival/radiation effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Islets of Langerhans/radiation effects ; *Islets of Langerhans Transplantation ; Kinetics ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Lew ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Transplantation, Isogeneic ; *Ultraviolet Rays
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    Influence of spaceflight on erythrokinetics in man (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1984-07-13
    Description: A significant postflight reduction in the circulating red cell mass has been observed in both the American and Soviet manned programs. The mechanism and etiology of this loss were studied in blood samples from the four payload crewmen of Spacelab 1 taken before, during, and after flight. These samples and samples from control groups on the ground were analyzed for selected hematological and biochemical parameters, which were chosen on the basis of data previously collected, the restraints imposed by the use of human subjects, and the guidelines established for the first Spacelab mission. Twenty-two hours after weightless exposure, there was an increase in hemoglobin and hematocrit. On day 7 in flight, the hemoglobin and hematocrit remained high and there was a slight decrease in reticulocyte number. On landing, red cell mass, plasma volume, hematocrit, and reticulocyte number were decreased. Throughout the 2-week postflight sampling period, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and reticulocyte number remained below the preflight value. Since this crew was not exposed to 100 percent oxygen these results are viewed as evidence that other spaceflight factors cause the measured red cell mass reduction.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Leach, C S -- Johnson, P C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jul 13;225(4658):216-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6729477" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Erythrocyte Count ; Erythrocyte Volume ; Erythrocytes/*physiology ; Erythropoiesis ; Erythropoietin/blood ; Hematocrit ; Hemoglobins/analysis ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Reticulocytes ; *Space Flight
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    Antigens encoded by the 3'-terminal region of human T-cell leukemia virus: evidence for a functional gene (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1984-10-05
    Description: Antibodies in sera from patients with adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma or from healthy carriers of type I human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV) recognize an antigen of approximately 42 kilodaltons (p42) in cell lines infected with HTLV-I. Radiolabel sequence analysis of cyanogen bromide fragments of p42 led to the conclusion that this antigen is encoded in part by LOR, a conserved portion of the "X" region that is flanked by the envelope gene and the 3' long terminal repeat of HTLV-I. It is possible that this novel product mediates the unique transformation properties of the HTLV family.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lee, T H -- Coligan, J E -- Sodroski, J G -- Haseltine, W A -- Salahuddin, S Z -- Wong-Staal, F -- Gallo, R C -- Essex, M -- 2-T32-CA0903/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA07094/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA13885/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Oct 5;226(4670):57-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6089350" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Antigens, Viral/*genetics ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Cyanogen Bromide ; Deltaretrovirus/*genetics/immunology ; *Genes, Viral ; Humans ; Peptide Fragments ; Trans-Activators ; Viral Proteins/*genetics
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    Isolation of lymphocytopathic retroviruses from San Francisco patients with AIDS (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-08-24
    Description: Infectious retroviruses have been detected in 22 of 45 randomly selected patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and in other individuals from San Francisco. The AIDS-associated retroviruses (ARV) studied in detail had a type D morphology, Mg2+-dependent reverse transcriptase, and cytopathic effects on lymphocytes. The viruses can be propagated in an established adult human T cell line, HUT-78. They cross-react with antiserum to the lymphadenopathy-associated retrovirus isolated from AIDS patients in France. Antibodies to ARV were found in all 86 AIDS patients and in a high percentage of 88 other homosexual men in San Francisco. This observation indicates the widespread presence of these lymphocytopathic retroviruses and their close association with AIDS.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Levy, J A -- Hoffman, A D -- Kramer, S M -- Landis, J A -- Shimabukuro, J M -- Oshiro, L S -- CA-34980/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Aug 24;225(4664):840-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6206563" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/immunology/*microbiology ; Antibodies, Viral/analysis ; Bone Marrow/microbiology ; California ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Cross Reactions ; Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral ; Deltaretrovirus/immunology/*isolation & purification/physiology/ultrastructure ; *Homosexuality ; Humans ; Leukocytes/microbiology ; Lymphatic Diseases/immunology ; Male ; RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/metabolism ; Syndrome ; T-Lymphocytes ; Virus Cultivation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 79
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    Expression cloning of human EGF receptor complementary DNA: gene amplification and three related messenger RNA products in A431 cells (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-05-25
    Description: In order to further define the mechanisms by which polypeptide growth factors regulate gene transcription and cellular growth, expression cloning techniques were used to select human epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor complementary DNA clones. The EGF 3' coding domain shows striking homology to the transforming gene product of avian erythroblastosis virus (v-erbB). Over-expression of EGF receptors in A431 cell lines correlates with increased EGF receptor mRNA levels and amplification (up to 110 times) of the apparently singular EGF receptor gene. There appear to be three cytoplasmic polyadenylated RNA products of EGF receptor gene expression in A431 cells, one of which contains only 5' (EGF binding domain) sequences and is postulated to encode the secreted EGF receptor-related protein.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lin, C R -- Chen, W S -- Kruiger, W -- Stolarsky, L S -- Weber, W -- Evans, R M -- Verma, I M -- Gill, G N -- Rosenfeld, M G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 May 25;224(4651):843-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6326261" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/*genetics ; Gene Amplification ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*genetics
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  • 80
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    Transfection of the DNA polymerase-alpha gene (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-11-16
    Description: DNA polymerase-alpha is the major replicative DNA polymerase in animal cells. The gene coding for a mutant DNA polymerase-alpha was transferred from one cell to another by transfection of DNA from mutant cells. The DNA was isolated from a mutant hamster cell line resistant to aphidicolin, a specific inhibitor of DNA polymerase-alpha, and transferred into an aphidicolin-sensitive cell line. The resulting transfectants exhibited increased survival in the presence of aphidicolin and contained an aphidicolin-resistant DNA polymerase-alpha.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Liu, P K -- Loeb, L A -- CA07418/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA24845/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Nov 16;226(4676):833-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6436977" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aphidicolin ; Cell Line ; Clone Cells ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus/genetics ; DNA Polymerase II/*genetics ; Diterpenes/pharmacology ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; Humans ; Mice ; Mutation ; Salmon/genetics ; *Transfection
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 81
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    Proliferation of astroglia and oligodendroglia in response to human T cell-derived factors (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-06-29
    Description: Human T lymphocytes transformed by human T cell leukemia-lymphoma viruses or activated by lectins were found to produce stimulating factors that promoted both proliferation and maturation of oligodendroglial and astroglial cells in vitro.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Merrill, J E -- Kutsunai, S -- Mohlstrom, C -- Hofman, F -- Groopman, J -- Golde, D W -- CA 30388/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 32737/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jun 29;224(4656):1428-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6610212" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Animals ; Astrocytes/*drug effects ; Cell Division/*drug effects ; Cell Line ; Growth Substances/*pharmacology ; Humans ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Lymphokines/pharmacology ; Neuroglia/*drug effects ; Oligodendroglia/*drug effects ; Rats ; Receptors, Fc/metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes/*physiology
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  • 82
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    Amplification and enhanced expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor gene in A431 human carcinoma cells (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-04-27
    Description: The sequence of the human epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor shows great homology with the avian erythroblastosis virus v-erb B oncogene, raising the possibility that the receptor gene is identical to the c-erb B protooncogene. Human A431 epidermoid carcinoma cells, which have an unusually high number of EGF receptors, were examined to determine whether elevated EGF receptor levels correlate with gene amplification. Southern blots of genomic DNA's from A431 and other human cell lines were probed with either a v-erb B gene fragment or a human EGF receptor complementary DNA clone (pE7), previously isolated from an A431 complementary DNA library. When either probe was used to analyze Eco RI- or Hind III-generated DNA fragments, EGF receptor DNA sequences were amplified about 30-fold in A431. Differences in the banding pattern of A431 DNA fragments relative to normal fibroblast DNA indicate the occurrence of a rearrangement in the region of the receptor gene. Furthermore, A431 cells contain a characteristic, prominent 2.9-kilobase RNA. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that, in A431 cells, gene amplification, possibly associated with a translocation event, may result in the overproduction of EGF receptor protein or the appearance of the transformed phenotype (or both).〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Merlino, G T -- Xu, Y H -- Ishii, S -- Clark, A J -- Semba, K -- Toyoshima, K -- Yamamoto, T -- Pastan, I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Apr 27;224(4647):417-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6200934" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alpharetrovirus/genetics ; Base Sequence ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cell Line ; Dna ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; Epidermal Growth Factor/metabolism ; *Gene Amplification ; Genes, Viral ; Humans ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Oncogenes ; Poly A/genetics ; RNA/genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; Receptors, Cell Surface/biosynthesis/*genetics ; Translocation, Genetic
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  • 83
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    Inhibitors of poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) synthesis: effect on other metabolic processes (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-02-10
    Description: 3-Aminobenzamide and benzamide, purported to be specific inhibitors of the synthesis of poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose), were used to elucidate possible functions of this biopolymer. These compounds, at frequently used experimental concentrations, not only inhibited the action of poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) synthetase but also affected cell viability, glucose metabolism, and DNA synthesis. Thus, the usefulness of 3-aminobenzamide and benzamide may be severely restricted by the difficulty of finding a dose small enough to inhibit the synthetase without producing additional metabolic effects.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Milam, K M -- Cleaver, J E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Feb 10;223(4636):589-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6420886" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Benzamides/*toxicity ; Cell Line ; DNA Replication/drug effects ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Lymphocytes ; Nucleoside Diphosphate Sugars/*biosynthesis ; Poly Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose/*biosynthesis ; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases/metabolism ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 84
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    Infectious and selectable retrovirus containing an inducible rat growth hormone minigene (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-09-07
    Description: A growth hormone minigene carrying its natural promoter (237 nucleotides of chromosomal DNA) was stably propagated in a murine retrovirus containing hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase as a selectable marker. Glucocorticoid and thyroid hormone inducibility was transferred with the growth hormone gene. Recombinant virus with titers of 10(6) per milliliter was recovered. This demonstration that retroviruses can be used to transfer a nonselectable gene under its own regulatory control enlarges the scope of retroviral vectors as potent tools for gene transfer.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Miller, A D -- Ong, E S -- Rosenfeld, M G -- Verma, I M -- Evans, R M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Sep 7;225(4666):993-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6089340" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; DNA, Recombinant ; DNA, Viral/analysis ; Dexamethasone/pharmacology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; *Genes ; Genes, Viral ; Genetic Markers ; *Genetic Vectors ; Growth Hormone/biosynthesis/*genetics ; Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase/genetics ; Mice ; Operon ; Phenotype ; RNA, Viral/genetics ; Rats ; Retroviridae/*genetics ; Transcription, Genetic ; Transfection ; Triiodothyronine/pharmacology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 85
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    Adaptation of lymphadenopathy associated virus (LAV) to replication in EBV-transformed B lymphoblastoid cell lines (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-07-06
    Description: A strain of lymphadenopathy associated retrovirus ( LAV ) passaged in vitro was used to infect a lymphoblastoid cell line obtained by transformation with Epstein-Barr virus of B lymphocytes from a healthy donor. The virus produced from this line (B- LAV ) was also able to grow at a high rate in some other lymphoblastoid lines and in a Burkitt lymphoma line. This adapted strain retained the biochemical, ultrastructural, and antigenic characteristics of the original strain, as well as its tropism for normal T4+ lymphocytes. It is thus possible to grow LAV in large quantities that can be used for the preparation of diagnostic reagents. The interaction between such a human retrovirus and Epstein-Barr virus, a DNA virus, may have some implication for the pathology of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and related diseases.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Montagnier, L -- Gruest, J -- Chamaret, S -- Dauguet, C -- Axler, C -- Guetard, D -- Nugeyre, M T -- Barre-Sinoussi, F -- Chermann, J C -- Brunet, J B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jul 6;225(4657):63-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6328661" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/microbiology ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology ; B-Lymphocytes/*microbiology ; Cell Line ; Cell Transformation, Viral ; Deltaretrovirus/metabolism ; Herpesvirus 4, Human/*metabolism ; Humans ; Retroviridae/*growth & development ; T-Lymphocytes/microbiology ; *Virus Replication
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 86
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    Organ-specific adhesion of metastatic tumor cells in vitro (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-06-08
    Description: Binding of tumor cells to cryostat sections of host organs was studied. B16-F10 melanoma cells and reticulum cell sarcoma cells demonstrated an organ specificity in their binding in vitro that reflected the organ specificity of their metastatic distribution 25 days after intravenous injection. These results provide evidence for specific binding of tumor cells to the tissues that they selectively colonize in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Netland, P A -- Zetter, B R -- 5 T32 GM 07258/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA 28540/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jun 8;224(4653):1113-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6372098" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adhesiveness ; Animals ; Cell Line ; Humans ; Liver/physiopathology ; Lung/physiopathology ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/physiopathology ; Melanoma/physiopathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Neoplasm Metastasis/physiopathology ; Neoplasms/*physiopathology ; Neoplasms, Experimental/physiopathology ; *Organ Specificity
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 87
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    Arabinosylcytosine induces fetal hemoglobin in baboons by perturbing erythroid cell differentiation kinetics (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-05-11
    Description: Arabinosylcytosine, a compound that inhibits DNA synthesis in rapidly dividing cells, stimulates fetal hemoglobin in adult baboons and produces significant perturbations in the pools of erythroid progenitors. It appears that changes in the kinetics of erythroid cell differentiation rather than direct action on the gamma genes underlie stimulation of fetal hemoglobin in the adult animals in vivo. These results also suggest that chemotherapeutic agents selected for their low carcinogenic or mutagenic potential could be used for therapeutic induction of fetal hemoglobin in patients with sickle cell anemia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Papayannopoulou, T -- Torrealba de Ron, A -- Veith, R -- Knitter, G -- Stamatoyannopoulos, G -- GM 15253/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HL-07093/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL-20899/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 May 11;224(4649):617-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6200940" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anemia, Sickle Cell/drug therapy ; Animals ; Cell Differentiation/*drug effects ; Cytarabine/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Erythropoiesis/*drug effects ; Fetal Hemoglobin/*biosynthesis ; Kinetics ; Papio ; Reticulocytes/drug effects
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  • 88
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    Lymphokine production by cultured human T cells transformed by human T-cell leukemia-lymphoma virus-I (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-02-17
    Description: Cell-free conditioned media from human T cells transformed by human T-cell leukemia-lymphoma virus (HTLV-I) were tested for the production of soluble biologically active factors, including several known lymphokines. The cell lines used were established from patients with T-cell leukemia-lymphoma and from human umbilical cord blood and bone marrow leukocytes transformed by HTLV-I in vitro. All of the cell lines liberated constitutively one or more of the 12 biological activities assayed. These included macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), leukocyte migration inhibitory factor (LIF), leukocyte migration enhancing factor (MEF), macrophage activating factor (MAF), differentiation inducing factor (DIF), colony stimulating factor (CSF), eosinophil growth and maturation activity (eos. GMA), fibroblast activating factor (FAF), gamma-interferon and, in rare instances, T-cell growth factor (TCGF). Some cell lines produced interleukin 3 (IL-3), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), or B-cell growth factors (BCGF). Such cells should prove useful for the production of lymphokines and as sources of specific messenger RNA's for their genetic cloning.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Salahuddin, S Z -- Markham, P D -- Lindner, S G -- Gootenberg, J -- Popovic, M -- Hemmi, H -- Sarin, P S -- Gallo, R C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Feb 17;223(4637):703-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6320367" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antigens, Neoplasm/analysis ; Bone Marrow ; Cell Line ; *Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Cells, Cultured ; Deltaretrovirus/*genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia/*microbiology ; Lymphokines/*biosynthesis ; Lymphoma/*microbiology ; Phenotype ; Pregnancy ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology
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  • 89
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    Molecular characterization of human T-cell leukemia (lymphotropic) virus type III in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-12-07
    Description: The human T-cell leukemia (lymphotropic) virus type III (HTLV-III) appears to be central to the causation of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Two full-length integrated proviral DNA forms of HTLV-III have now been cloned and analyzed, and DNA sequences of the virus in cell lines and fresh tissues from patients with AIDS or AIDS-related complex (ARC) have been characterized. The results revealed that (i) HTLV-III is an exogenous human retrovirus, approximately 10 kilobases in length, that lacks nucleic acid sequences derived from normal human DNA; (ii) HTLV-III, unlike HTLV types I and II, shows substantial diversity in its genomic restriction enzyme cleavage pattern; (iii) HTLV-III persists in substantial amounts in cells as unintegrated linear DNA, an uncommon property that has been linked to the cytopathic effects of certain animal retroviruses; and (iv) HTLV-III viral DNA can be detected in low levels in fresh (primary) lymphoid tissue of a minority of patients with AIDS or ARC but appears not to be present in Kaposi's sarcoma tissue. These findings have important implications concerning the biological properties of HTLV-III and the pathophysiology of AIDS and Kaposi's sarcoma.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shaw, G M -- Hahn, B H -- Arya, S K -- Groopman, J E -- Gallo, R C -- Wong-Staal, F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Dec 7;226(4679):1165-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6095449" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*microbiology ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Child ; Cloning, Molecular ; Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral ; DNA Restriction Enzymes/metabolism ; DNA, Viral/*analysis ; Deltaretrovirus/*genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization
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  • 90
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    Benzodiazepine receptor synthesis and degradation by neurons in culture (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-11-16
    Description: The benzodiazepine-gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor complex was used to study functional receptor synthesis and degradation in primary cultures of neurons. Fifty percent of the receptors turned over with an unusually rapid half-life (4 hours); this was followed by a second, slower phase (32 hours). These results provide the basis for elucidating the mechanism by which neurons derived from the central nervous system control neurotransmitter receptor number, an important problem in cellular neurobiology. The findings may be of significance in the study of neurological and psychiatric disorders.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Borden, L A -- Czajkowski, C -- Chan, C Y -- Farb, D H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Nov 16;226(4676):857-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6093257" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Chick Embryo ; Flunitrazepam/metabolism ; Half-Life ; Kinetics ; Neurons/*metabolism ; Receptors, GABA-A/biosynthesis/*metabolism ; Spinal Cord/cytology ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/physiology
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  • 91
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    Amplification of N-myc in untreated human neuroblastomas correlates with advanced disease stage (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-06-08
    Description: A domain of DNA designated N-myc is amplified 20- to 140-fold in human neuroblastoma cell lines but not in cell lines from other tumor types. N-myc has now been found to be amplified in neuroblastoma tissue from 24 of 63 untreated patients (38 percent). The extent of amplification appears to be bimodal, with amplification of 100- to 300-fold in 12 cases and 3- to 10-fold in 10 others. Amplification was found in 0 of 15 patients with stage 1 or 2 disease, whereas 24 of 48 cases (50 percent) with stage 3 or 4 had evidence of N-myc amplification. These data indicate that N-myc amplification is a common event in untreated human neuroblastomas. Furthermore, N-myc amplification is highly correlated with advanced stages of disease (P less than 0.001) and with the ability to grow in vitro as an established cell line, both of which are associated with a poor prognosis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brodeur, G M -- Seeger, R C -- Schwab, M -- Varmus, H E -- Bishop, J M -- CA02971/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA13539/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA17829/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jun 8;224(4653):1121-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6719137" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Cell Line ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; DNA, Neoplasm/genetics ; Eye Neoplasms/genetics ; *Gene Amplification ; Humans ; Infant ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Middle Aged ; Neuroblastoma/*genetics/physiopathology ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; *Oncogenes ; Prognosis ; Retinoblastoma/genetics
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  • 92
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    Novel pharmacology of substance K-binding sites: a third type of tachykinin receptor (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-11-23
    Description: The tachykinins are a family of peptides with the carboxyl terminal amino acid sequence Phe-X-Gly-Leu-Met-NH2. Three major mammalian tachykinins have been identified--substance K, neuromedin K, and substance P--but only two tachykinin receptors have been postulated. Three tachykinins were labeled with radioiodinated Bolton-Hunter reagent and their binding characteristics were determined in crude membrane suspensions from several tissues. In cerebral cortex labeled eledoisin exhibited high-affinity binding that was inhibited by tachykinins in a manner indicating a definitive SP-E receptor site. In gastrointestinal smooth muscle and bladder, high-affinity binding of labeled substance P was inhibited in a pattern indicating a definitive SP-P site. In intestinal smooth muscle and bladder, however, labeled substance K and labeled eledoisin were both bound in a pattern indicating a preference for substance K itself. The results suggest the existence of three distinct types of tachykinin receptors: SP-P, SP-E, and SP-K.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Buck, S H -- Burcher, E -- Shults, C W -- Lovenberg, W -- O'Donohue, T L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Nov 23;226(4677):987-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6095447" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Binding, Competitive ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Cerebral Cortex/*metabolism ; Duodenum/*metabolism ; Guinea Pigs ; Intestine, Small/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Mice ; Organ Specificity ; Peptides/*metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Neurokinin-2 ; Receptors, Neurotransmitter/*metabolism ; *Receptors, Tachykinin ; Species Specificity ; Tachykinins ; Urinary Bladder/*metabolism
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 93
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    Bromine residue at hydrophilic region influences biological activity of aplysiatoxin, a tumor promoter (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-12-16
    Description: Aplysiatoxin and debromoaplysiatoxin, which are isolated from the seaweed, Lyngbya gracilis, differ in their chemical structure only by the presence or absence of a bromine residue in the hydrophilic region. The function and the structure-activity relation of the hydrophilic region are not known. Aplysiatoxin increased malignant transformation, stimulated DNA synthesis, and inhibited the binding of phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate and epidermal growth factor to cell receptors. Debromoaplysiatoxin inhibited the binding of these two substances as strongly as aplysiatoxin but did not increase malignant transformation or stimulate DNA synthesis. These results indicate that a slight change in the chemical structure of the hydrophilic region of aplysiatoxin affects its abilities to increase cell transformation and stimulate DNA synthesis and that the abilities of the tumor promoters to inhibit the binding of phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate and epidermal growth factor are dissociable from their abilities to increase cell transformation and stimulate DNA synthesis under some circumstances.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shimomura, K -- Mullinix, M G -- Kakunaga, T -- Fujiki, H -- Sugimura, T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Dec 16;222(4629):1242-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6316505" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins ; Carcinogens/*pharmacology ; Carrier Proteins ; Cell Line ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/*drug effects ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; DNA/biosynthesis ; Epidermal Growth Factor/metabolism ; Lactones/analysis/*pharmacology ; *Lyngbya Toxins ; Mice ; Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate ; Phorbol Esters/metabolism ; *Protein Kinase C ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism ; *Receptors, Drug ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 94
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    O-acetylation of disialoganglioside GD3 by human melanoma cells creates a unique antigenic determinant (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-08-24
    Description: Monoclonal antibody Mab D1.1 recognizes on human melanoma cells a ganglioside antigen characterized by an alkali-labile O-acetylated sialic acid residue. Immunochemical analysis showed that this molecule is an O-acetylated product of the neuroectoderm-associated disialoganglioside GD3. Controlled chemical O-acetylation of purified GD3 resulted in the generation of this same epitope. Lysates of human melanoma cells were found to contain O-acetyltransferase activity capable of generating the antigenic epitope recognized by Mab D1.1. Thus, the addition of a single O-acetyl group to a common cell surface-associated ganglioside can create a potentially tumor-specific antigen.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cheresh, D A -- Reisfeld, R A -- Varki, A P -- CA 07544/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 28420/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- GM32373/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Aug 24;225(4664):844-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6206564" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylation ; Acetyltransferases/metabolism ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antigens, Neoplasm/*immunology ; Cell Line ; Epitopes/immunology ; Gangliosides/analysis/*immunology/metabolism ; Humans ; Melanoma/enzymology/*immunology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 95
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    Potentiation of bleomycin lethality by anticalmodulin drugs: a role for calmodulin in DNA repair (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-06-22
    Description: Treatment of exponentially growing Chinese hamster ovary cells with bleomycin causes a dose-dependent decrease in cell survival due to DNA damage. This lethal effect can be potentiated by the addition of a nonlethal dose of the anticalmodulin drug N-(4-aminobutyl)-5-chloro-2-naphthalenesulfonamide ( W13 ) but not its inactive analog N-(4-aminobutyl)-2-naphthalenesulfonamide ( W12 ). By preventing the repair of damaged DNA, W13 also inhibits recovery from potentially lethal damage induced by bleomycin. These data suggest a role for calmodulin in the DNA repair pathway.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chafouleas, J G -- Bolton, W E -- Means, A R -- RR-05425/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jun 22;224(4655):1346-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6203171" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bleomycin/*pharmacology ; Calmodulin/*antagonists & inhibitors/*physiology ; Cell Division/drug effects ; Cell Line ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; DNA Repair/*drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Synergism ; Sulfonamides/pharmacology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 96
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    The molecular basis of neuronal excitability (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1984-02-17
    Description: Neurons process and transmit information in the form of electrical signals. Their electrical excitability is due to the presence of voltage-sensitive ion channels in the neuronal plasma membrane. In recent years, the voltage-sensitive sodium channel of mammalian brain has become the first of these important neuronal components to be studied at the molecular level. This article describes the distribution of sodium channels among the functional compartments of the neuron and reviews work leading to the identification, purification, and characterization of this membrane glycoprotein.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Catterall, W A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Feb 17;223(4637):653-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6320365" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/metabolism ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Electric Organ ; Electrophorus ; Ion Channels/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Macromolecular Substances ; Membrane Proteins/genetics/isolation & purification ; Molecular Weight ; Muscles/metabolism ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/isolation & purification ; Neurons/*metabolism/physiology ; Neurotoxins/pharmacology ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational ; Sodium/*metabolism
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 97
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    Appearance of a new nucleosomal protein during differentiation of human leukemia (HL-60) cells (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1984-03-30
    Description: A 60-kilodalton protein was identified in chromatin digested by micrococcal nuclease during retinoic acid-induced differentiation of human leukemia (HL-60) cells to mature-like granulocytes. The protein was not detected in a retinoic acid-resistant variant of the HL-60 cell line treated with retinoic acid, in HL-60 cells induced with dimethyl sulfoxide, or in normal human granulocytes. This protein may have an important role in the regulation of retinoic acid-induced leukemic cell differentiation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chou, R H -- Chervenick, P A -- Barch, D R -- CA14278-08/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Mar 30;223(4643):1420-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6583846" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Line ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/drug effects ; Centrifugation, Density Gradient ; Dimethyl Sulfoxide/pharmacology ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Granulocytes/metabolism ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/*metabolism ; Neoplasm Proteins/*isolation & purification ; Nucleosomes/*metabolism ; Tretinoin/pharmacology
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  • 98
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    Estrogen-dependent Leydig cell protein recognized by monoclonal antibody to MCF-7 cell line (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-10-26
    Description: A protein (27,000 molecular weight) was previously found in rat Leydig cells after treatment with estradiol (E2) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in vitro. The effect of hCG occurred through increased E2 production. This hormone-regulated rat testicular protein was compared to an estrogen-regulated protein of similar physical characteristics isolated from a human mammary cancer cell line (MCF-7) and present in normal human estrogen target organs. The Leydig cells from rat and human tissue showed specific immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase staining in the cytoplasm upon incubation with a monoclonal antibody (C11) to the estrogen-regulated protein from MCF-7 cells. Leydig cells after exposure to E2 or hCG showed the highest fluorescence intensity; this intensity was reduced by treatment with Tamoxifen. No reaction was associated with other testicular cells. The estrogen-regulated protein from human cell lines is therefore immunologically similar to that from the rat Leydig cell. The monoclonal antibody should be useful for further characterization of the Leydig cell protein.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ciocca, D R -- Dufau, M L -- CA 11378/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Oct 26;226(4673):445-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6387908" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Animals ; *Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Breast Neoplasms/metabolism ; Cell Line ; Chorionic Gonadotropin/pharmacology ; Cross Reactions ; Estradiol/pharmacology ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Humans ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Leydig Cells/*analysis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Proteins/*analysis ; Rats
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 99
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    Mo cell case has its first court hearing (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1984-11-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Culliton, B J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Nov 16;226(4676):813-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6494909" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biomedical Research ; California ; Cell Line ; *Human Body ; Humans ; *Jurisprudence ; Patents as Topic/legislation & jurisprudence ; *Patient Rights ; Spleen/cytology ; *Tissue and Organ Procurement ; Regents of the University of California on the grounds that two researchers at ; the Los Angeles campus took unfair advantage of him by misappropriating cells ; derived from his spleen in the course of leukemia therapy--cells that were then ; used in research that led to a patent. A federal court procedural hearing on 29 ; October 1984 yielded a ruling that the case will be heard in California state ; court, though it will probably be at least three years before a trial date can be ; scheduled. University officials and scientists see the case as an "outrageous" ; and legally unjustified attempt to assert a claim to the patent. Nevertheless, ; policy makers and university institutional review boards now face the question of ; whether, and how, consent forms should be rewritten to clarify the issue.
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  • 100
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    Induction of interleukin 2 messenger RNA inhibited by cyclosporin A (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-12-21
    Description: Cyclosporin A blocked production of the lymphokine interleukin 2 by activated T lymphocytes. In a human and a murine cell line this inhibition reflected an absence of interleukin 2 messenger RNA. Under conditions in which these cells are normally stimulated to secrete high levels of interleukin 2, they failed to do so in the presence of cyclosporin A. In both cell lines this failure was accompanied by an absence of interleukin 2 messenger accumulation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Elliott, J F -- Lin, Y -- Mizel, S B -- Bleackley, R C -- Harnish, D G -- Paetkau, V -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Dec 21;226(4681):1439-41.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6334364" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Cyclosporins/*pharmacology ; Humans ; Interleukin-2/biosynthesis/*genetics ; Mice ; Protein Biosynthesis/drug effects ; RNA, Messenger/*metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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