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  • Cells, Cultured
  • Genes
  • Kinetics
  • Mice
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (1,000)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (6)
  • Annual Reviews
  • 1980-1984  (788)
  • 1975-1979  (218)
  • 1955-1959
  • 1930-1934
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (1,000)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (6)
  • Annual Reviews
  • Springer  (78)
Years
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High Pressure Kinetic Investigations in Organic and Macromolecular ChemistryBased upon a lecture delivered at the 12th Meeting of the European High Pressure Research Group, Marburg/Lahn (Germany), March 1974. (1975)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 14 (1975), S. 137-143 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: High-pressure chemistry ; Transition states ; Kinetics ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: High pressure kinetics appears to be a valuable tool in investigating the mechanism of specific organic reactions. For instance, in pericyclic, Mentshutkin, cage, and polymerization reactions, such studies reveal various features of the transition state, in particular its localization along the reaction coordinate and its nature. However, precise conclusions require separation of the different effects (electrostatic, steric, orbital, etc.) which may contribute to the structure of the transition state.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.197501371
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of Sorption, Desorption, and Diffusion in ZeolitesDedicated to Professor Horst Pommer on the occasion of his 60th birthday (1979)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 18 (1979), S. 266-272 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Kinetics ; Sorption ; Desorption ; Diffusion ; Zeolites ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Sorption and desorption in zeolites (molecular sieves) have to be considered as complex processes, involving simultaneous diffusion in zeolite crystals, mass transfer in the intercrystalline void of a pellet, and heat transfer between the zeolitic sorbent and its surroundings. The kinetics of sorption and desorption, respectively, of n-C4H10 in zeolite X and of CO2 in zeolite A have been investigated: only the initial rates of uptake or release of the sorbet are controlled by mass transfer alone whereas ultimately they also depend on the rate of heat transfer from the sorbent to its surroundings or vice versa. Diffusivities of the sorbate in the zeolite crystals can be obtained from the kinetics of mass transfer, provided the resistance due to viscous or Knudsen flow between the crystals of the zeolitic sorbent can be eliminated. A sample consisting of a monolayer of single crystals had to be used for this purpose in the n-butane/zeolite X system; the intracrystalline diffusivity obtained in this way is not in conflict with data obtained by NMR spectroscopy. The intracrystalline diffusivities obtained in this way - taking into account the coupling of several processes during sorption  -  are higher than values reported in the literature.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.197902661
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Kinetics of Intramolecular Reactions from Relaxation Time Measurements (1981)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 20 (1981), S. 487-500 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Kinetics ; Relaxation ; Analytical methods ; Relaxation ; NMR spectroscopy ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Analysis of spin-lattice relaxation (T1) provides alternatives to the standard line shape procedures for the investigation of intramolecular reactions; furthermore it expands the NMR range at both the high and the low energy barrier limits. Dipole-dipole- and quadrupole-relaxation times are sensitive to very rapid processes such as methyl rotation. Analysis of relaxation in the rotating frame(T1ρ) provides kinetics for many sorts of processes, particularly those in the dynamic range that is too rapid for line shape methods. Saturation transfer and the coalescence of relaxation times at high temperatures can be used to measure high energy barriers. The scope and limitations of these methods are described.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.198104873
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Linear Control of Temperature with Time - A New Approach to Reaction Kinetics (1983)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 22 (1983), S. 225-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Kinetics ; Kinetics ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The temperature dependence of the rate of chemical reactions has been known for a long time; very often it is characterized by the Arrhenius plot. However, kinetic methods that take this phenomenon into account in one measurement in a planned manner have been applied to reactions in solution only in isolated examples-with the exception of the temperature jump method developed by Eigen et al. for fast reactions, based on a stepped temperature program. A mathematical analysis, however, reveals to the chemist that from the point of view of information theory the course of the reaction rate versus time under conditions of constantly increasing temperature is the measured signal which should lead to the most effective understanding of the reaction mechanism. Analysis of the measured peaks, which may overlap, allows the characterization of reactions either in the solid state or in solution by “mechanistic coordinates”, which extend the concept of reaction order. Their behavior allows further experiments to be planned, enabling elementary steps to be eliminated. Each reacting system can be characterized kinetically by one series of experiments using different starting concentrations for each reactant and additionally, using different heating rates. The experimental verification of these considerations can be seen in ca. 1400 DTA and UV experiments for ca. 120 different systems. Furthermore, the example of the oscillating Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction shows that “fast” reactions frequently may also be recognized. A test for proposed reaction mechanisms is provided by integration programs which allow immediate comparison between experimental and theoretical signal curves.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.198302251
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Basis for Orbital Symmetry Rules (1979)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 18 (1979), S. 377-392 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Orbital symmetry ; Woodward-Hoffmann rules ; Kinetics ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The influence of molecular symmetry on reaction rates is examined with an approach in which reactions are viewed as electronic transitions between states of reacants and products (described, in turn by quasiadiabatic potential surface). The moleculer Hamiltonian is used to derive selection rules for these transitions. The complete Hamilatonian has no useful symmetery. Neglect of non-Born-Oppenheimer and spin-orbit terms (and of other angular momentum coupling terms) leads to an apporixmate Hamiltonian and to selection rules which from the basis of the Woodward-Hoffmann rules. This apporch provides an alternative to the adiabatic potantial surfaces, reaction coordinates, and transition state theory used in more familiar discussions of the Woodward-Hoffmann rules. Further, it provides a particulary clear method for discussing violations of these symmetry rules, and for differentiating concerted and nonconcerted reactions.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.197903771
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Computer Simulation of the Kinetics of Complicated Gas Phase ReactionsDedicated to Professor Matthias Seeflder on the occasion of his 60th birthday (1980)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 19 (1980), S. 333-343 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Kinetics ; Gas-phase reactions ; Computer chemistry ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Modern digital methods and powerful computers make it possible to simulate the time behavior of chemical reactions. These calculations can be performed on systems containing an almost unlimited number of elementary reactions. Generally, however, the reaction models used should contain only those elementary reactions which describe the bulk of the conversion. Such a reaction model may be obtained by reduction of the complete set of elementary reactions. Another possibility is analysis of the chemical system starting from conditions ensuring a simple chemistry, which is generally the case at low temperatures and low conversions. The reaction model may then be extended into the range of the reaction variables (temperature, time) of interest. Mathematical simulations may be helpful during the development of the reaction model, and sometimes even decisive. These methods were applied to the pyrolysis of ethylbenzene and n-hexane, and to CO oxidation. They yield information on the reaction paths, the importance of particular elementary reactions, and reaction stability. Furthermore, quantitative data can be obtained concerning the influence of single elementary reactions on the product distribution. The sensitivity matrix shows, e.g., whether the determination of kinetic parameters of an elementary reaction from kinetic data of the overall reaction is possible in principle, and how high the accuracy of the rate constants should be for simulation of the reaction. Both results are important for modeling chemical reactions.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.198003333
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  • 7
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    Cholinergic vesicles: ability to empty and refill independently of cytoplasmic acetylcholine (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-01-06
    Description: Incubation of minced mouse-forebrain tissues in lithium Krebs solution reduces the acetylcholine content of the vesicular fraction 70 percent without altering that of the cytoplasmic fraction. Depleted vesicular-bound acetylcholine can be restored with newly synthesized acetylcholine (formed from extracellular choline) independently of the cytoplasmic pool. Depletion of vesicular-bound acetylcholine does not facilitate the movement of preformed extracellular acetylcholine into vesicles.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carrol, P T -- Nelson, S H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 6;199(4324):85-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17569492" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylcholine/*metabolism ; Animals ; Cholinesterase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Cytoplasm/*metabolism ; Cytoplasmic Vesicles/drug effects/*metabolism ; Lithium Compounds/pharmacology ; Male ; Mice ; Paraoxon/pharmacology ; Prosencephalon/drug effects/*metabolism/ultrastructure
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Frog perspective on the morphological difference between humans and chimpanzees (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-04-14
    Description: The body shapes of humans and chimpanzees were compared quantitatively by criteria chosen for their capacity to discriminate well among the body shapes of frogs. By these criteria, the difference in body shape between humans and chimpanzees was found to be greater than that between the most dissimilar pairs of frogs examined--that is, frogs classified in separate taxonomic suborders. Even though the morphological diffference between the two primates is large by frog standards, the biochemical differences between the structural genes of these two species are small. The results of this study give quantitative support to the proposal that morphological evolution and biochemical evolution in structural genes can proceed at independent rates.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cherty, L M -- Case, S M -- Wilson, A C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 14;200(4338):209-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/635583" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anthropometry ; Anura/*anatomy & histology ; *Biological Evolution ; Biometry ; Genes ; Humans ; Pan troglodytes/*anatomy & histology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Rabies viruses increase in virulence when propagated in neuroblastoma cell culture (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-03-10
    Description: Several strains of attenuated rabies virus lacking the capacity to kill adult mice acquired a high lethal potential for mice after one to five serial passages in murine or human neuroblastoma cells. The virulence acquired after passage in neuroblastoma cells is a stable genetic trait retained during subsequent passage of viruses in nonneuroblastoma cell systems.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Clark, H F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 10;199(4333):1072-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/628831" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Mice ; Neuroblastoma/*microbiology ; Neurons/microbiology ; Rabies Vaccines/toxicity ; Rabies virus/genetics/*pathogenicity ; Vaccines, Attenuated/toxicity ; Virus Replication
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Murine lymphoma-induced immunosuppression: requirement for direct tumour cell contact (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-04-07
    Description: The FBL-3 lymphoma cell line caused impaired antibody formation in vivo when injected into mice intraperitoneally, and in vitro when added to normal syngeneic spleen cells immunized in vitro with sheep erythrocytes. Immunosuppression occurred only when intact viable tumor cells were cocultivated with the normal spleen cells. As few as 10(5) FBL-3 cells, when added to 5 X 10(6) normal cells, impaired antibody formation. However, cell-free extracts of filtrates from even much larger numbers of tumor cells did not affect antibody formation, either in vitro or in vivo. Heating the tumor cells at 56 degrees C or irradiation with as little as 1000 rads completely abolished immunosuppressive activity, both in vitro and in vivo. Separation of viable tumor cells from target antibody-forming cells by cell-impermeable membranes prevented immunosuppression, showing that direct cell-to-cell contact is required for immunosuppression.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cimprich, R S -- Specter, S -- Friedman, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 7;200(4337):60-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/635572" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Antibody Formation ; Cell Communication ; Cells, Cultured ; *Immunosuppression ; Lymphoma/*immunology ; Neoplasms, Experimental/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 11
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    Rejection of male skin grafts by splenectomized female mice (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-04-21
    Description: Female mice of the C3H strain normally do not reject skin grafts from males of the same strain; however, 40 percent of splenectomized C3H female mice completely rejected C3H male skin grafts applied 2 weeks later. All splenectomized females showed at least transitory signs of graft rejection.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Coons, T A -- Goldberg, E H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 21;200(4339):320-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/345443" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Female ; *Graft Rejection ; *Histocompatibility Antigens ; Immunosuppression ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C3H/immunology ; Skin Transplantation ; Spleen/*immunology ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Y Chromosome
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 12
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    Dual actions of substance P on nociception: possible role of endogenous opioids (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-03-24
    Description: Substance P produces analgesia when administered to mice in very small doses by the intraventricular route (1.25 to 5 nanograms per mouse). The analgesic effect can be blocked by naloxone. At higher doses (greater than 50 nanograms per mouse), this activity is lost. At these higher doses, however, substance P produced hyperalgesia when combined with naloxone and analgesia when combined with baclofen [beta-(4-chlorophenyl)-gamma-aminobutyric acid]. Substance P may have dual actions in brain, releasing endorphins at very low doses and directly exciting neuronal activity in nociceptive pathways at higher doses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Frederickson, R C -- Burgis, V -- Harrell, C E -- Edwards, J D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 24;199(4335):1359-62.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/204012" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Baclofen/pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Endorphins/*pharmacology ; Enkephalins/antagonists & inhibitors/*pharmacology ; Mice ; Naloxone/pharmacology ; Nociceptors/*drug effects ; Receptors, Opioid/*drug effects ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Substance P/analogs & derivatives/antagonists & inhibitors/*pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 13
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    The biology of oxygen radicals (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-09-08
    Description: The reactive superoxide radical, O2-, formerly of concern only to radiation chemists and radiobiologists, is now understood to be a normal product of the biological reduction of molecular oxygen. An unusual family of enzymes, the superoxide dismutases, protect against the deleterious actions of this radical by catalyzing its dismutation to hydrogen peroxide plus oxygen.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fridovich, I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 8;201(4359):875-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/210504" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Binding Sites ; Catalase/metabolism ; Free Radicals ; Inflammation/metabolism ; Kinetics ; Metals ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxygen/*metabolism ; Paraquat/pharmacology ; Peroxidases/metabolism ; Superoxide Dismutase/*metabolism ; Superoxides/*metabolism/toxicity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 14
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    beta-Adrenergic receptors in aged rat brain: reduced number and capacity of pineal gland to develop supersensitivity (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-07-07
    Description: The density but not the affinity of beta-adrenergic receptors declined significantly with age in rat pineal gland, corpus striatum, and cerebellum, as determined by the binding of tritiated dihydroalprenolol. Exposing rats to light for 12 hours increased the binding of this radioligand in 3-month-old but not in 24-month-old rats. The reduced responsiveness to catecholamines seen in aging may be due to a decrease in the number of beta-adrenergic receptors which, in turn, may be caused by an impaired capacity of receptors in aged animals to adapt to changes in adrenergic neuronal input.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Greenberg, L H -- Weiss, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 7;201(4350):61-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/208145" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aging ; Alprenolol/analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; Animals ; Brain/*metabolism ; Cerebellum/metabolism ; Circadian Rhythm ; Corpus Striatum/metabolism ; Kinetics ; Light ; Male ; Neuroglia/metabolism ; Pineal Gland/*metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Adrenergic/*metabolism ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 15
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    Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide splitting enzyme: a characteristic of the mouse macrophage (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-12-22
    Description: Murine macrophages are endowed with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide splitting activity that is markedly higher than that of other cells, tissues, or organs of the mouse. This enzyme therefore can be used as a biochemical marker for distinguishing macrophages from other cells of the lymphoreticular system and from polymorphonuclear leukocytes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Artman, M -- Seeley, R J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Dec 22;202(4374):1293-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/214853" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Ascitic Fluid/enzymology ; B-Lymphocytes/enzymology ; Blood Platelets/enzymology ; Bone Marrow/enzymology ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes/enzymology ; Macrophages/*enzymology ; Mice ; Monocytes/enzymology ; NAD+ Nucleosidase/*metabolism ; Neutrophils/enzymology ; Spleen/enzymology ; T-Lymphocytes/enzymology ; Tissue Distribution
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 16
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    Diazepam inhibits myoblast fusion and expression of muscle specific protein synthesis (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-05-05
    Description: The presence of diazepam in culutres of chicken embryo myoblasts arrests normal muscle cell differentiation. High concentrations of the drug reversibly prevent myoblasts from fusing to form multinucleated myotubes. Lower concentrations of diazepam allow cell fusion to occur, but inhibit the synthesis and accumulation of myosin heavy chain, implying that cell fusion does not obligate myoblasts to synthesize and accumulate large quantities of muscle specific protein. The effect of diazepam on muscle cells in culture is direct and specific.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bandman, E -- Walker, C R -- Strohman, R C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 5;200(4341):559-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/565534" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Differentiation/drug effects ; Cell Fusion/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Chick Embryo ; Diazepam/*pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Macromolecular Substances ; Muscles/cytology/*drug effects ; Myosins/*biosynthesis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 17
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    Opiate peptide modulation of amino acid responses suggests novel form of neuronal communication (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-03-31
    Description: Mouse spinal neurons grown in tissue culture were used to study the electrophysiological pharmacology of the opiate peptide leucine-enkephalin. Enkephalin depressed glutamate-evoked responses in a noncompetitive manner independent of any other effects on membrane properties. The results demonstrate a neuromodulatory action of opiate peptide functionally distinct from the conventional neurotransmitter class of operation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barker, J L -- Neale, J H -- Smith, T G Jr -- Macdonald, R L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 31;199(4336):1451-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/204016" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cells, Cultured ; Endorphins/*pharmacology ; Enkephalins/antagonists & inhibitors/*pharmacology ; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists ; Glutamates/*pharmacology ; Iontophoresis ; Naloxone/pharmacology ; Neurons/*drug effects ; Spinal Cord ; Synapses/*drug effects ; Synaptic Transmission/*drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 18
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    Loss of division potential in vitro: aging or differentiation? (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-12-15
    Description: We have examined the hypothesis that diploid cells grown in vitro age, and propose that only proliferative potential and not life-span is telescoped. We suggest that explanted or transplanted diploid cells are driven to divide by the process of subculturing in vitro or in vivo and, in response to this pressure, also complete their differentiation and become refractory to further mitotic stimulation. We conclude that differentiation rather than "mortality" distinguishes diploid from transformed cells and that the former may not age in vitro, but are lost because culture methods are selective for cycling cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bell, E -- Marek, L F -- Levinstone, D S -- Merrill, C -- Sher, S -- Young, I T -- Eden, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Dec 15;202(4373):1158-63.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/725592" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Cycle ; *Cell Differentiation ; *Cell Division ; *Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; Fibroblasts
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  • 19
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    S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase is an adenosine-binding protein: a target for adenosine toxicity (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-11-17
    Description: When adenosine deaminase activity is inhibited, low concentrations of adenosine are toxic to human lymphoblast mutants that are unable to convert adenosine to intracellular nucleotides. In order to identify the mediator of this cytotoxicity, we searched for a cytoplasmic protein capable of binding adenosine with high affinity. Such a protein was identified in extracts of human lymphoblasts and placenta as the enzyme S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hershfield, M S -- Krodich, N M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Nov 17;202(4369):757-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/715439" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine/*metabolism ; Adenosine Deaminase/*deficiency ; Carrier Proteins/*metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Hydrolases/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Lymphocytes/metabolism ; Nucleoside Deaminases/*deficiency ; Placenta/metabolism ; Pregnancy ; S-Adenosylhomocysteine/metabolism
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  • 20
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    Cocaine plasma concentration: relation to physiological and subjective effects in humans (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-10-13
    Description: Volunteer subjects with previous histories of cocaine use were administered cocaine hydrochloride intravenously or intranasally. There was a positive relationship between peak plasma concentration, physiological and subjective responses, and dose administered. The rate of cocaine disappearance after intravenous administration paralleled the drop in physiological and subjective drug effects. After intranasal administration, blood levels remained elevated for a considerably longer period.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Javaid, J I -- Fischman, M W -- Schuster, C R -- Dekirmenjian, H -- Davis, J M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Oct 13;202(4364):227-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/694530" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Administration, Intranasal ; Cocaine/administration & dosage/*blood/*pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Euphoria/*drug effects ; Heart Rate/drug effects ; Humans ; Injections, Intravenous ; Kinetics ; Metabolic Clearance Rate
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  • 21
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    Enhancement of oncogenesis in C3H/10T1/2 mouse embryo cell cultures by saccharin (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-09-22
    Description: Impure and pure samples of saccharin (2 milligrams per milliliter) did not produce oncogenic transformation of C3H/10T1/2, clone 8, mouse embryo fibroblasts. However, after treatment of the cells with a nontransforming initiating dose (0.1 microgram per milliliter) of 3-methylcholanthrene, continuous treatment with either sample of saccharin (100 micrograms per milliliter) led to significant transformation. It is concluded that in this system saccharin is a cocarginogen, probably functioning as a promoting agent that is 1000-fold less active than the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mondal, S -- Brankow, D W -- Heidelberger, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 22;201(4361):1141-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/684434" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Carcinogens ; Cell Line ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/*chemically induced ; Cocarcinogenesis ; Embryo, Mammalian ; Methylcholanthrene ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C3H ; Saccharin/*pharmacology ; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate
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  • 22
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    Identification of a C-glucuronide of delta6- tetrahydrocannabinol as a mouse liver conjugate in vivo (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-06-23
    Description: Delta 6-Tetrahydrocannabinol-C-4-glucuronide was found in the livers of mice that had been administered delta 6-tetrahydrocannabinol. Thus, C-glucuronidation of a compound that contains a free hydroxyl group has been demonstrated in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Levy, S -- Yagen, B -- Mechoulam, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 23;200(4348):1390-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663618" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Dronabinol/*analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; Glucuronates/metabolism ; Liver/*metabolism ; Mice
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  • 23
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    Neurotrophic protein regulates muscle acetylcholinesterase in culture (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-04-21
    Description: Skeletal muscles lose acetylcholinesterase in culture as a result of denervation. A protein fraction isolated from peripheral nerves maintained the level of acetylcholinesterase in cultures of aneural embryonic muscle or denervated adult chicken muscle. These results indicate that trophic regulation of muscle acetylcholinesterase might be mediated by a protein produced by nerves.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Oh, T H -- Markelonis, G J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 21;200(4339):337-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/635593" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylcholinesterase/biosynthesis/*metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Enzyme Induction/drug effects ; Muscle Denervation ; Muscles/*enzymology ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/*pharmacology ; Peripheral Nerves/*physiology
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  • 24
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    Far-ultraviolet stopped-flow circular dichroism (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-01-27
    Description: A stopped-flow circular dichroism instrument, with a total accessible wavelength range of 200 to 750 nanometers, has been constructed and provides a spectroscopic method for kinetic investigations of a wide array of fast reactions in which optical activity changes in absorbing regions are involved. An important biochemical application depends on the far-ultraviolet capability, which allows observation of the rapid alterations in backbone conformation associated with folding and unfolding reactions of proteins. Results obtained by following two such reactions at 222 nanometers represent direct monitoring by circular dichroism of rapid secondary structure changes in proteins.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Luchins, J -- Beychok, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 27;199(4327):425-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/619462" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Circular Dichroism ; Hemoglobins ; Kinetics ; Methemoglobin ; *Protein Conformation ; Protein Denaturation ; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet/methods ; *Spectrum Analysis
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  • 25
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    Different actions of anticonvulsant and anesthetic barbiturates revealed by use of cultured mammalian neurons (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-05-19
    Description: Barbiturate anesthetics, but not anticonvulsants, abolish the spontaneous activity of cultured spinal cord neurons; directly increase membrane conductance, an effect which is suppressed by the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) antagonists picrotoxin and penicillin; and are more potent than anticonvulsants in augmenting GABA and depressing glutamate responses. Barbiturate anticonvulsants abolish picrotoxin-induced convulsive activity. These results indicate qualitative and quantitative differences between anesthetic and anticonvulsant barbiturates, which may explain their different clinical effects.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Macdonald, R L -- Barker, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 19;200(4343):775-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/205953" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Electric Conductivity ; Glutamates/pharmacology ; Membrane Potentials/drug effects ; Neurons/*drug effects ; Pentobarbital/*pharmacology ; Phenobarbital/*pharmacology ; Picrotoxin/pharmacology ; Receptors, Neurotransmitter/drug effects ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/pharmacology
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  • 26
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    Specific-opiate-induced depression of transmitter release from dorsal root ganglion cells in culture (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-03-31
    Description: The opiate etorphine depresses monosynaptic excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSP's) elicited in spinal cord cells by activation of dorsal root ganglion cells in murine neuronal cell culture. The depression is reversed by naloxone. Statistical analysis of the synaptic responses reveals that the opiate reduces EPSP quantal content at this synapse without altering quantal size. Therefore, the opiate action is presynaptic and affects transmitter release rather than postsynaptic responsiveness.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Macdonald, R L -- Nelson, P G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 31;199(4336):1449-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/204015" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cells, Cultured ; Depression, Chemical ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Etorphine/*pharmacology ; Ganglia, Spinal/*drug effects ; Membrane Potentials/drug effects ; Morphinans/*pharmacology ; Naloxone/pharmacology ; Nerve Endings/drug effects ; Spinal Cord/drug effects ; Synapses/drug effects ; Synaptic Transmission/*drug effects
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  • 27
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    Zinc deficiency in murine milk underlies expression of the lethal milk (lm) mutation (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-01-13
    Description: The inability of nursing pups to survive on milk of mice homozygous for the recessive mutation, lethal milk (lm), is correlated with a reduction in zinc levels of both milk and pup carcass. Administration of zinc to pups nursing on lmlm dams reduces the observed mortality and morbidity. It is suggested that lm alters zinc transport from maternal blood to milk and that its study may provide useful information for understanding the rare human disease, acrodermatitis enteropathica.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Piletz, J E -- Ganschow, R E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 13;199(4325):181-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/619449" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Female ; *Lactation ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL/*genetics ; Milk/*metabolism ; Pregnancy ; Zinc/blood/*deficiency/metabolism
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    Antibodies (II): another look at the diversity problem (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-10-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Oct 27;202(4366):412-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/705333" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies/genetics ; Antibody Formation ; *Antibody Specificity ; Genes ; Genetic Linkage ; Immunoglobulins/*genetics ; Mice/embryology ; Models, Biological ; Recombination, Genetic
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  • 29
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    Generation of new mouse sarcoma viruses in cell culture (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-09-01
    Description: Endogenous nontumor-producing type C viruses from C3H mice were used to generate rapid, solid tumor-inducing variants in cell culture. The new mouse sarcoma viruses induce undifferentiated sarcomas with a short latency period upon inoculation into newborn NIH Swiss mice. Transforming viruses appear only transiently, at a time when the virus-infected cells show morphologic alterations; both before and after this time, transforming viruses cannot be detected. These results show that variants of endogenous type C virus which contain transforming genes (oncogenes) can arise during spread of the endogenous virus in fibroblast lines in vitro as well as in susceptible tissues in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rapp, U R -- Todaro, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 1;201(4358):821-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/210501" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; *Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Cell Transformation, Viral ; *Genes, Viral ; Mice ; Retroviridae/genetics/*pathogenicity ; Sarcoma Viruses, Murine/genetics/pathogenicity ; Sarcoma, Experimental/*microbiology
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    Potent antidopaminergic activity of estradiol at the pituitary level on prolactin release (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-06-09
    Description: Prior incubation of rat anterior pituitary cells with 17beta-estradiol led to an almost complete reversal of the inhibitory effect of two dopamine agonists, dihydroergocornine and RU 24213, on both basal prolactin release and thyrotropin releasing hormone-induced prolactin release. These experiments thus demonstrate a direct interference of dopamine action by a peripheral hormone. Prolactin secretion by pituitary cells in primary culture could possibly serve as an easily accessible model of a system under dopaminergic control.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Raymond, V -- Beaulieu, M -- Labrie, F -- Boissier, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 9;200(4346):1173-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/418505" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Dihydroergotoxine/antagonists & inhibitors ; *Dopamine Antagonists ; Estradiol/*pharmacology ; Female ; Phenethylamines/antagonists & inhibitors ; Pituitary Gland, Anterior/*drug effects/secretion ; Prolactin/*secretion ; Rats ; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone/pharmacology
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    Acoustic microscopy: a new window to the world of the small (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-09-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maugh, T H 2nd -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 22;201(4361):1110-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/684431" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acoustics/*instrumentation ; Animals ; Blood Cells/ultrastructure ; Mice ; Microscopy/*instrumentation/methods ; Muscles/ultrastructure ; Myocardium/ultrastructure
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  • 32
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    The genome of simian virus 40 (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-05-05
    Description: The nucleotide sequence of SV40 DNA was determined, and the sequence was correlated with known genes of the virus and with the structure of viral messenger RNA's. There is a limited overlap of the coding regions for structural proteins and a complex pattern of leader sequences at the 5' end of late messenger RNA. The sequence of the early region is consistent with recent proposals that the large early polypeptide of SV40 is encoded in noncontinguous segments of DNA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Reddy, V B -- Thimmappaya, B -- Dhar, R -- Subramanian, K N -- Zain, B S -- Pan, J -- Ghosh, P K -- Celma, M L -- Weissman, S M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 5;200(4341):494-502.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/205947" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Chromosome Mapping ; Codon ; DNA Replication ; DNA, Circular ; DNA, Viral ; Genes ; *Genes, Viral ; Simian virus 40/*genetics ; Transcription, Genetic ; Viral Proteins/genetics
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  • 33
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    Prenatal exposure to prednisone in humans and animals retards intrauterine growth (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-10-27
    Description: Prednisone treatment for infertility and subsequent pregnancy maintenance in humans resulted in a significant decrease in the birth weight of full-term infants and a marked increase in the percentage of newborn infants weighing 2500 grams or less, that is, "light for dates" in comparison to control offspring. A parallel experiment with mice indicated that the reduction of birth weight was caused by exposure to corticosteroids rather than to maternal disease or malfunction.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Reinisch, J M -- Simon, N G -- Karow, W G -- Gandelman, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Oct 27;202(4366):436-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/705336" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Birth Weight/*drug effects ; Female ; Fetus/*drug effects ; Humans ; *Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Mice ; Prednisone/*adverse effects ; Pregnancy/*drug effects
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  • 34
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    Jaundice phototherapy: micro flow-cell photometry reveals rapid biliary response of Gunn rats to light (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-09-01
    Description: Hepatic pigment clearance in rats can be followed continuously with photometric detectors designed for high-pressure liquid chromatography. This method showed that light has a fast effect on bilirubin metabolism in homozygous Gunn rats, even at low doses and intensities. This is consistent with geometric isomerization of bilirubin IXalpha as a primary step in phototherapy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McDonagh, A F -- Ramonas, L M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 1;201(4358):829-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/581101" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bile/metabolism ; Bilirubin/blood/*metabolism/radiation effects ; *Disease Models, Animal ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Jaundice, Neonatal/*therapy ; Kinetics ; Liver/metabolism ; *Phototherapy ; Rats
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  • 35
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    delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol: antiaggressive effects in mice, rats, and squirrel monkeys (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-03-31
    Description: delta9-Tetrahydrocannabinol, the most active constituent of marihuana, decreased species-specific attack behavior in mice, rats, and squirrel monkeys at doses (0.25 to 2.0 milligram per kilogram of body weight) that have no effects on other elements of the behavioral repertoire. Aggressive behavior was engendered in all three species by confronting a resident animal with an intruder conspecific. The present results contrast with the widely held belief that marihuana increases aggressive behavior.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Miczek, K A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 31;199(4336):1459-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/415367" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aggression/*drug effects ; Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*drug effects ; Depression, Chemical ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Dronabinol/*pharmacology ; Female ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Motor Activity/drug effects ; Rats ; Saimiri ; Territoriality
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    Aminophylline increases cerebral metabolic rate and decreases anoxic survival in young mice (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-08-18
    Description: In weanling mice treated with pharmacologic doses of aminophylline, the concentrations of adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate and guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate in the brain increased 44 and 36 percent, respectively, and the cerebral metabolic rate was three times that in controls. In neonatal mice, therapeutic doses of aminophylline greatly decreased the rate of anoxic survival in vivo and the duration of gasping of the isolated head. The findings suggest caution in the use of this drug and other methylxanthines in hypoxic human newborns.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Thurston, J H -- Hauhard, R E -- Dirgo, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Aug 18;201(4356):649-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/209541" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenine Nucleotides/metabolism ; Aminophylline/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Animals ; Anoxia/physiopathology ; Apnea/drug therapy ; Brain/drug effects/*metabolism ; Cheyne-Stokes Respiration/drug therapy ; Cyclic AMP/metabolism ; Energy Metabolism/*drug effects ; Glucose/metabolism ; Glucosephosphates/metabolism ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Newborn, Diseases/drug therapy ; Mice
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    Enhancement of bovine pancreatic ribonuclease activity by mercaptoethanol (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-03-10
    Description: Incubation of ribonuclease with 0.1M mercaptoethanol at pH 8.5 can increase the enzyme's hydrolytic activity toward cytidine 2',3'-monophosphate (cyclic CMP) under standard assay conditions. Cation-exchange chromatography of the ribonuclease-thiol reaction mixture revealed seven fractions. The fraction with the highest activity had an approximate tenfold decrease in the apparent Michaelis constant for cyclic CMP with respect to native ribonuclease. The enhanced activity is a metastable property since this fraction reverts back to the control activity and chromatographic behavior of native ribonuclease on standing in solution at room temperature.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Watkins, J B -- Benz, F W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 10;199(4333):1084-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/564548" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cattle ; Disulfides/pharmacology ; Enzyme Activation/drug effects ; Glutathione/pharmacology ; Kinetics ; Mercaptoethanol/*pharmacology ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Pancreas/enzymology ; Protein Conformation ; Ribonucleases/*metabolism ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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    Nature and nurture in development of the autonomic neuron (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-03-31
    Description: Arguments are presented for the hypothesis that during an early stage of development the cells which become principal neurons of the autonomic nervous system possess information regarding the positions they will occupy within the body. A second stage of development, during which a decision is made regarding which neurotransmitter to employ, is delayed until each neuron has assumed its permanent position in the body and has sampled, presumably via its growing axons, the peripheral field which it will innervate. The development of cholinergic mechanisms takes precedence; adrenergic neurons may develop only when cholinergic sites have been occupied. An extended period during which the differentiation of transmitter mechanisms may be modulated permits the neuron to adequately sample the periphery prior to commitment to a specific transmitter economy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bunge, R -- Johnson, M -- Ross, C D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 31;199(4336):1409-16.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24273" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenergic Fibers/cytology ; Animals ; Autonomic Nervous System/*embryology/growth & development ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Chimera ; Cholinergic Fibers/cytology ; Embryonic Induction ; Ganglia, Autonomic/cytology ; Heart/innervation ; Intestines/innervation ; Nerve Endings/ultrastructure ; Neurotransmitter Agents/metabolism ; Phylogeny ; Synaptic Vesicles/ultrastructure
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  • 39
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    Antibody diversity (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-10-06
    Description: Three important aspects of immunoglobulin gene organization and structure have emerged from studies of cloned immunoglobulin kappa chain genes. (i) Multiple variable genes are encoded separately in the genome of both immunoglobulin-producing and uncommitted (embryonic) cells, thereby establishing the evolutionary base for generating immunoglobulin diversity. (ii) These genes exist as many small, closely related families (subgroups) that share close sequence homology largely within their own subgroup. (iii) Comparison of two cloned variable gene segments derived from a single subgroup reveals a feature of their structure that distinguishes them from fixed genes (that is, globin genes) and provides, through extensive surrounding sequence homology, a large target for intergenic recombination. This last observation suggests that a simple recombination mechanism may account for their genetic instability in both germ line and somatic cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Seidman, J G -- Leder, A -- Nau, M -- Norman, B -- Leder, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Oct 6;202(4363):11-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/99815" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Antibody Specificity ; Base Sequence ; Binding Sites, Antibody/*genetics ; Biological Evolution ; Cell Line ; Embryo, Mammalian/immunology ; *Genes ; Immunoglobulin Constant Regions/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin Light Chains/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin Variable Region/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains/*genetics ; Immunoglobulins/*genetics ; Mice ; Neoplasms, Experimental/immunology ; Plasmacytoma/immunology ; Recombination, Genetic
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  • 40
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    Metabolism of theophylline to caffeine in human fetal liver (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-12-14
    Description: Caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine) is a biotransformation product of theophylline (1,3-dimethylxanthine) in the human fetus. Liver explants, obtained from human fetuses with gestational ages of 12 to 20 weeks, were incubated with theophylline and produced caffeine and, in lesser amounts, 1,3-dimethyluric acid and 3-methylxanthine. These findings suggest that the predominant pathway in theophylline metabolism in the fetus and newborn infant is the methylation reaction producing caffeine. This may contribute to the neonate's exceedingly slower elimination of caffeine relative to theophylline. Caffeine produced from theophylline may add to the pharmacologic effects of theophylline in newborn infants with apnea.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Aranda, J V -- Louridas, A T -- Vitullo, B B -- Thom, P -- Aldridge, A -- Haber, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Dec 14;206(4424):1319-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/515734" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Apnea/drug therapy ; Biotransformation ; Caffeine/*biosynthesis/metabolism/therapeutic use ; Cells, Cultured ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Liver/*embryology/metabolism ; Methylation ; Theophylline/*metabolism/therapeutic use
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  • 41
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    Effect of oxygen pressure during culture on survival of mouse thyroid allografts (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-06-02
    Description: A marked increase in the percentage of mouse thyroids that retained function 20 days after transplantation across a major histocompatibility barrier and the percentage that lacked generalized infiltration was observed when the grafts received hyperbaric oxygen during a 4-day culture period. Perfusion of the donor animal before thyroidotomy and the addition of fetal calf serum to the culture medium did not have a significant effect on graft survival, but the percentage of grafts lacking generalized infiltration was slightly increased by the addition of hydrocortisone to the culture medium.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Talmage, D W -- Dart, G A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 2;200(4345):1066-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/653355" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blood ; Culture Media ; *Graft Survival/drug effects ; Hydrocortisone/pharmacology ; *Hyperbaric Oxygenation ; Mice ; Organ Culture Techniques/*methods ; Thyroid Gland/*transplantation ; Transplantation, Homologous
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    Tumor location detected with radioactively labeled monoclonal antibody and external scintigraphy (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-11-16
    Description: Murine teratocarcinomas were located in mice by external gamma-ray scintigraphy with an iodine-125-labeled monoclonal antibody specific to the tumors. The specificity of the method was increased by subtracting the radiation produced by an iodine-125-labeled indifferent monoclonal antibody of the same immunoglobulin class as the tumor-specific antibody.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ballou, B -- Levine, G -- Hakala, T R -- Solter, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 16;206(4420):844-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493985" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Neoplasm ; Clone Cells/immunology ; Mice ; Neoplasms, Experimental/diagnosis/immunology ; Radionuclide Imaging/*methods ; Teratoma/*diagnosis/immunology
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    Obesity genes: beneficial effects in heterozygous mice (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-02-16
    Description: The mouse mutant genes obese (ob) and diabetes (db) cause similar obesity-diabetes states in homozygotes. These obesity syndromes are characterized by a more efficient conversion of food to lipid and, once stored, a slower rate of catabolism on fasting. Heterozygous mice, either ob/+ or db/+, survived a prolonged fast significantly longer than normal homozygotes (+/+); this suggests that the heterozygotes exhibited increased metabolic efficiency, a feature normally associated with both homozygous mutants. The existence of this thriftiness trait, if manifested by heterozygous carriers in wild populations, would lend credence to the thrifty gene concept of diabetes. Beneficial effects of normally deleterious genes may have played a role in the development of diabetes-susceptible human populations, as well as having provided the survival advantage that has allowed both the development and successful establishment of species in desert and other less affluent regions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Coleman, D L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Feb 16;203(4381):663-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/760211" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Body Temperature Regulation ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/*genetics/metabolism ; Fasting ; Glucose/metabolism ; Heterozygote ; Insulin/blood ; Mice ; Mice, Obese/*genetics
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  • 44
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    Enhanced 5-fluorouracil nucleotide formation after methotrexate administration: explanation for drug synergism (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-09-14
    Description: Exposure of L1210 leukemia cells first to 0.1 to 100 micromolar methotrexate and then to 10 micromolar 5-fluorouracil produces a synergistic effect on the number of cells killed in culture. Methotrexate dose-related increases occur in the concentrations of intracellular 5-fluorouracil ribonucleotides and 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridylate and in the incorporation of 5-fluorouracil into RNA. These increases are correlated with increased concentrations of intracellular phosphoribosylpyrophosphate. It is proposed that the enhanced formation of ribonucleotides of 5-fluorouracil and the subsequent incorporation of these compounds into RNA in methotrexate-treated cells may account for synergism between these agents.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cadman, E -- Heimer, R -- Davis, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 14;205(4411):1135-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472732" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Drug Synergism ; Fluorouracil/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Leukemia L1210 ; Methotrexate/*pharmacology ; Mice ; Phosphoribosyl Pyrophosphate/metabolism ; RNA, Neoplasm/metabolism ; Ribonucleotides/metabolism ; Thymidylate Synthase/metabolism
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    Seaweed dermatitis: structure of lyngbyatoxin A (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-04-13
    Description: A highly inflammatory and vesicatory substance, lyngbyatoxin A, has been isolated from the lipid extract of a Hawaiian shallow-water variety of Lyngbya majuscula Gomont; its gross structure was determined from chemical and spectral data. Lyngbyatoxin A is closely related to teleocidin B, a poisonous substance associated with several strains of Streptomyces.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cardellina, J H 2nd -- Marner, F J -- Moore, R E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 13;204(4389):193-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/107586" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alkaloids/*toxicity ; Animals ; *Cyanobacteria ; Dermatitis, Contact/*etiology ; *Dermotoxins ; Indoles/toxicity ; *Marine Toxins ; Mice
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  • 46
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    Regulation of gene expression: possible role of repetitive sequences (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-06-08
    Description: Large contrasts are observed between the messenger RNA populations of different tissues and of embryos at different stages of development. Nevertheless, coding sequences for genes not expressed in a cell appear to be present in its nuclear RNA. Though many nuclear RNA transcripts of single copy DNA sequences are held in common between tissues, an additional set, probably consisting of non-message sequences, is not shared. Nuclear RNA also contains transcripts of repetitive DNA sequences. Certain repeat families are represented at high levels in the nuclear RNA of particular tissues and much lower levels in others. It is surprising that both complements of most repeat sequences are present in nuclear RNA. These observations lead to model for regulation of gene expression in which the formation of repetitive RNA-RNA duplexes controls the production of messenger RNA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Davidson, E H -- Britten, R J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 8;204(4397):1052-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451548" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Nucleus/physiology ; DNA/*genetics ; Genes ; *Genes, Regulator ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Mammals/embryology ; Models, Biological ; Polyribosomes/metabolism ; *RNA, Heterogeneous Nuclear/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Sea Urchins/embryology ; *Transcription, Genetic
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    Neuronal chemotaxis: chick dorsal-root axons turn toward high concentrations of nerve growth factor (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-11-30
    Description: Micropipettes containing 2 to 50 biological units of beta growth factor (NGF) were placed near growing axons of chick dorsal-root ganglion neurons in tissue culture. The axons turned and grew toward the NGF source within 21 minutes. This turning response to elevated concentrations of NGF appears to represent chemotactic guidance rather than a general enhancement of growth rate.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gundersen, R W -- Barrett, J N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 30;206(4422):1079-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493992" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Axons/growth & development/*physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; *Chemotaxis/drug effects ; Chick Embryo ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Ganglia, Spinal/physiology ; Nerve Growth Factors/*pharmacology
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  • 48
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    Cytidylate cyclase: possible artifacts in the methodology (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-02-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gaion, R M -- Krishna, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Feb 16;203(4381):672-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/760214" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cytosine Nucleotides ; Liver/*enzymology ; Lyases/*metabolism ; Mice
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  • 49
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    Effect of beta-endorphin on calcium uptake in the brain (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-10-05
    Description: The uptake of 45Ca2+ by nerve-ending fractions from brains of mice was inhibited in vitro by 10(-9)M concentrations of beta-endorphin and in mice injected intraventricularly with 7 picomoles of beta-endorphin. That the effect was a specific opiate agonist response of beta-endorphin was demonstrated by use of the opiate antagonist, naloxone, which reversed the action. A role for beta-endorphin in the regulation of calcium flux and neurotransmitter release should be considered.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Guerrero-Munoz, F -- de Lourdes Guerrero, M -- Way, E L -- Li, C H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 5;206(4414):89-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39340" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Transport/drug effects ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Tolerance ; Endorphins/antagonists & inhibitors/*pharmacology ; Male ; Mice ; Naloxone/pharmacology ; Neurotransmitter Agents/metabolism ; Rats ; Synaptosomes/*drug effects/metabolism
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  • 50
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    Radioimmunoassay of the insulin receptor: a new probe of receptor structure and function (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-02-09
    Description: A sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay for the insulin receptor has been developed employing receptor autoantibodies from the serum of a patient with insulin-resistant diabetes. The assay detects insulin binding sites at concentrations as low as 0.1 nanomolar; distinguishes between receptors originating from human placental membranes, human lymphoblastoid cells, and mouse liver membranes; and measures the receptor independently of its binding function. Down-regulation, or loss of binding after exposure to insulin, is associated with loss of immunoreactive receptor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Harrison, L C -- Flier, J -- Itin, A -- Kahn, C R -- Roth, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Feb 9;203(4380):544-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/83675" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigen-Antibody Reactions ; Binding Sites ; Binding Sites, Antibody ; Epitopes ; Female ; Humans ; Liver/analysis ; Lymphocytes/analysis ; Mice ; Placenta/analysis ; Pregnancy ; Radioimmunoassay/methods ; Receptor, Insulin/analysis/*immunology ; Solubility
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    Specific nonopiate receptors for beta-endorphin (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-09-07
    Description: Iodinated beta H-[2-D-alanine]endorphin exhibits specific binding to cultured human lymphocytes. The binding is inhibited by low concentrations of beta-endorphin and its D-alanine derivative, but is not affected by opiate agonists and antagonists, or by enkephalin analogs, beta-lipotropin, adrenocorticotrophic hormone, or alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone; this suggests the existence of a specific, non-opiate binding site (receptor) for beta-endorphin. The carboxy-terminal region of beta-endorphin is essential for this binding activity, since alpha-endorphin is not active. beta-Endorphin may be a circulating hormone with peripheral physiological effects that are not primarily mediated through interactions with opiate or enkephalin receptors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hazum, E -- Chang, K J -- Cuatrecasas, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 7;205(4410):1033-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/224457" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Cells, Cultured ; Endorphins/blood/*metabolism ; Humans ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Lymphocytes/*metabolism ; Receptors, Drug/*metabolism ; Receptors, Opioid/metabolism ; Stress, Physiological/metabolism ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 52
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    Genetic linkage of C3H/HeJ and BALB/c endogenous ecotropic C-type viruses to phosphoglucomutase-1 on chromosome 5 (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-04-06
    Description: The genetic linkage of the endogenous C3H/HeJ C-type ecotropic virus to phosphoglucomutase-1 (0.28, recombinant fraction) on chromosome 5 was established by means of serological assays of backcrossed mice. With a combination of serological techniques and DNA-DNA hybridization the BALB/c endogenous ecotropic virus was shown to be either closely linked or allelic with the C3H/HeJ locus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ihle, J N -- Joseph, D R -- Domotor, J J Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 6;204(4388):71-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/219476" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Animals ; Genes ; *Genes, Viral ; Genetic Linkage ; Leukemia Virus, Murine/genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C/*microbiology ; Mice, Inbred C3H/*microbiology ; Mice, Inbred Strains/genetics ; Phenotype ; Phosphoglucomutase/*genetics ; Retroviridae/*genetics
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Genetic mechanism accounting for precise immunoglobulin domain deletion in a variant of MPC 11 myeloma cells (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-12-14
    Description: A variant of the MPC 11 cell line, M 311, produces a short immunoglobulin heavy chain. When compared with the parental gamma 2b heavy chain, M 311 was found to have a carboxyl terminal deletion comprising the CH3 domain. The COOH-terminal cyanogen bromide (CNBr) cleavage fragment of M 311 is identical to a corresponding segment ofa parental heavy chain CNBr fragment, with the exception of a substitution of asparagine for lysine at the COOH-terminal residue. This observation enabled prediction of both the parental DNA sequence in this region and the genetic mechanism which generated the variant, a frameshift followed by premature termination. This hypothesis is supported by studies of the DNA sequence of the MPC 11 gamma 2b constant region gene.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kenter, A L -- Birshtein, B K -- R21 AI106328/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Dec 14;206(4424):1307-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/117550" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Chromosome Deletion ; Genes ; Immunoglobulin G/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin gamma-Chains/genetics ; Macromolecular Substances ; Melphalan/pharmacology ; Mice ; Mutation ; Myeloma Proteins/*genetics ; Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics ; Peptide Chain Termination, Translational ; Plasmacytoma/genetics
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    [3H]GABA binding in brains from Huntington's chorea patients: altered regulation by phospholipids? (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-09-14
    Description: Binding sites for tritum-labeled gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in cerebellar cortex of Huntington's chorea patients have an increased affinity but unaltered maximum capacity as compared to binding sites in tissue from control patients. A similar binding pattern is produced in control membranes by treatment with Triton X-100, phospholipase C, or glycerophosphoethanolamine. Thus, it is likely that phospholipids or their metabolites regulate the accessibility of the GABA binding site and that this regulation is abnormal in Huntington's chorea.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lloyd, K G -- Davidson, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 14;205(4411):1147-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/224459" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cerebellar Cortex/*metabolism ; Humans ; Huntington Disease/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Membrane Lipids ; Phosphatidylethanolamines/physiology ; Polyethylene Glycols/pharmacology ; Receptors, Neurotransmitter/drug effects/*metabolism ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/*metabolism
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    Inosine may be an endogenous ligand for benzodiazepine receptors on cultured spinal neurons (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-08-17
    Description: Mouse spinal neurons grown in tissue culture were used to study the membrane effects of the benzodiazepine flurazepam and the naturally occurring purine nucleoside inosine, which competes for benzodiazepine receptor sites in the central nervous system. Application of inosine elicited two types of transmitter-like membrane effects: a rapidly desensitizing excitatory response and a nondesensitizing inhibitory response. Flurazepam produced a similar excitatory response which showed cross-desensitization with the purine excitation. Flurazepam also blocked the inhibitory inosine response. The results provide electrophysiological evidence that an endogenous purine can activate two different conductances on spinal neurons and that flurazepam can activate one of the conductances and antagonize the other.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉MacDonald, J F -- Barker, J L -- Paul, S M -- Marangos, P J -- Skolnick, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 17;205(4407):715-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37602" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Benzodiazepines/*metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Electric Conductivity ; Flurazepam/antagonists & inhibitors ; Inosine/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Ligands ; Mice ; Neurotransmitter Agents/metabolism ; Receptors, Drug/*metabolism ; Receptors, Neurotransmitter/metabolism ; Spinal Cord/*metabolism
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    Intercellular communication in pancreatic islet monolayer cultures: a microfluorometric study (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-05-25
    Description: Single islet cells in monolayer cultures of neonatal rat pancreas were microinjected with fluorescein and scanned topographically by microfluorometry. Fluorescein spread from an injected islet cell directly into neighboring islet cells, and, in the presence of 16.7 millimolar glucose, significantly more islet cells communicated with the injected cell than in glucose-free medium. Islet cells were also microinjected with glycolytic substrates and activators that produced transient changes in cellular levels of reduced pyridine nucleotides-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate [NAD(P)H]. Changes in NAD(P)H fluorescence were observed in islet cells incubated first for 18 hours in very low glucose concentrations and then in a glucose-free medium and injected with glycolytic substrates and activators; however, little change of fluorescence occurred in adjacent islet cells. In contrast, after adding 16.7 millimolar glucose to the medium, injection of glycolytic substrates and activators produced transient changes in NAD(P)H fluorescence in the injected cell and in neighboring cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kohen, E -- Kohen, C -- Thorell, B -- Mintz, D H -- Rabinovitch, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 May 25;204(4395):862-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35828" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Cell Communication/drug effects ; Fluoresceins ; Glucose/pharmacology ; Glycolysis ; Islets of Langerhans/cytology/*physiology ; Kinetics ; NAD/metabolism ; NADP/metabolism ; Rats ; Spectrometry, Fluorescence
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    New drugs and the brain (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-08-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 24;205(4408):774-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/379998" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; France ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Mice ; Psychotropic Drugs/*history/metabolism/therapeutic use ; Rats ; Schizophrenia/drug therapy ; United States
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    Genetic mapping of the ecotropic murine leukemia virus-inducing locus of BALB/c mouse to chromosome 5 (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-04-06
    Description: By means of an approach that combined the techniques of somatic cell genetics and Mendelian breeding studies, the inducibility locus, designated Cv, for ecotropic murine leukemia virus in BALB/c mice, was mapped to chromosome 5, 23 units from the locus for phosphoglucomutase-1, with gene order Cv-Pgm-1-Gus. This low-efficiency inducibility locus is therefore not allelic with the chromosome 7 loci previously described for two other mouse strains with high virus inducibility. These studies provide further evidence that endogenous ecotropic viruses represent viral genomes inserted at different chromosomal sites in the various mouse strains.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kozak, C A -- Rowe, W P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 6;204(4388):69-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/219475" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chromosome Mapping ; *Genes, Viral ; Genetic Linkage ; Hybrid Cells/microbiology ; Leukemia Virus, Murine/*genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C/*microbiology ; Phosphoglucomutase/metabolism ; Virus Replication
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    New information about the development of the autonomic nervous system (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-10-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 26;206(4417):434-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/41320" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylcholine/metabolism ; Adrenergic Fibers/growth & development ; Animals ; Autonomic Nervous System/*growth & development ; Cell Communication ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Cholinergic Fibers/growth & development ; Nerve Growth Factors/physiology ; Neural Crest/cytology ; Neural Pathways/growth & development ; Neurotransmitter Agents/*metabolism ; Synaptic Transmission
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    DNA synthesis and mitosis in adult amphibian cardiac muscle cells in vitro (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-09-21
    Description: High-resolution autoradiography and fine structural analysis of adult newt heart tissue in long-term culture revealed that tritiated thymidine was concentrated in the nuclei of dedifferentiated myocardial cells. Mitotic chromosomes were observed in some of these cells. This demonstrates that adult amphibian myocardial cells in vitro are capable of DNA synthesis and mitosis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nag, A C -- Healy, C J -- Cheng, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 21;205(4412):1281-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472744" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Division ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA/*biosynthesis ; *Mitosis ; Muscle Proteins/metabolism ; Myocardial Contraction ; Myocardium/*metabolism ; Salamandridae ; Time Factors
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    A structural model for the kinetic behavior of hemoglobin (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-11-30
    Description: The tertiary structures of all liganded hemoglobins in the R state differ in detail. Steric hindrance arising from nonbonded ligand-globin interactions affects the binding of ligands such as CO and cyanide which preferentially form linear axial complexes to heme; these ligands bind in a strained off-axis configuration. Ligands such as O2 and NO, which preferentially form bent complexes, encounter less steric hindrance and can bind in their (preferred) unstrained configuration. Linear complexes distort the ligand pockets in the R state (and by inference, in the T state) more than bent complexes. These structural differences between linear and bent complexes are reflected in the kinetic behavior of hemoglobin. Structural interpretation of this kinetic behavior indicates that the relative contributions of nonbonded ligand-globin interactions and nonbonded heme interactions to transition state free energies differ for linear and bent ligands. The relative contributions of these interactions to the free energy of cooperativity may also differ for linear and bent ligands. Thus the detailed molecular mechanism by which the affinity of heme is regulated differs for different ligands.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Moffat, K -- Deatherage, J F -- Seybert, D W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 30;206(4422):1035-42.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493990" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Allosteric Regulation ; Animals ; Heme/*metabolism ; Hemoglobins/metabolism ; Horses ; Kinetics ; Ligands ; Oxygen/*metabolism ; Oxyhemoglobins/*metabolism ; Protein Conformation ; Stereoisomerism ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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    Angiogenesis in the mouse cornea (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-09-28
    Description: We have developed a method that permits analysis of neovascular responses in the mouse cornea. Using this method we have demonstrated that both allogeneic lymphocytes and a variety of tumors can induce angiogenesis, but that only the latter appear capable of eliciting secondary capillary sprouting.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Muthukkaruppan, V -- Auerbach, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 28;205(4413):1416-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472760" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cornea/*blood supply ; In Vitro Techniques ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Microcirculation ; Neoplasms, Experimental/*blood supply
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    Drug safety: phenacetin (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-07-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Macklin, A W -- Welch, R M -- Cuatrecasas, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jul 13;205(4402):144, 146, 148.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451584" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Carcinogens ; Liver Neoplasms/*chemically induced ; Mice ; Neoplasms, Experimental/chemically induced ; Phenacetin/*adverse effects/standards ; Rats
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    Octopamine receptors, adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate, and neural control of firefly flashing (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-01-05
    Description: An adenylate cyclase activated as much as 25-fold by low concentrations of octopamine has been identified in the firefly lantern. The relative potency of octopamine and various other amines in stimulating this enzyme, and effects of antagonists in blocking octopamine activation, correlate well with the known effects of these agents in affecting light production. In addition to suggesting a role for adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (or pyrophosphate) in the neural control of firefly flashing, identification of this potent enzyme should facilitate the characterization of phenylethylamine receptors in excitable tissue.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nathanson, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jan 5;203(4375):65-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/214856" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenylyl Cyclases/*metabolism ; Animals ; Beetles/*physiology ; Catecholamines/pharmacology ; Cyclic AMP/*biosynthesis ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Enzyme Activation/drug effects ; Kinetics ; Octopamine/*pharmacology ; Phentolamine/pharmacology ; Propranolol/pharmacology ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*drug effects ; Receptors, Neurotransmitter/*drug effects ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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    Inherited epilepsy: spike-wave and focal motor seizures in the mutant mouse tottering (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-06-22
    Description: Mice with the mutant gene tottering (tg, chromosome 8, autosomal recessive) show, in adolescence, abnormal bursts of bilaterally synchronous spike waves as revealed in electrocorticograms recorded over long periods. The spike waves are accompanied by behavioral "absence" attacks and intermittent focal motor seizures showing somatotopic progression. Cerebral metabolic activity during seizures was assayed by autoradiography of brain sections from mice injected intravenously with 14C-labeled 2-deoxyglucose. Metabolic activity was increased bilaterally in selected brainstem structures. Spontaneous electrocorticographic and clinical seizures of this general pattern were recognized hitherto only in humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Noebels, J L -- Sidman, R L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 22;204(4399):1334-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/572084" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Behavior/*physiology ; Brain/growth & development/physiopathology ; Electrocardiography ; Epilepsy/*genetics/physiopathology ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Neurologic Mutants/genetics/*physiology ; Neural Pathways/physiopathology ; Seizures/physiopathology ; Stereotyped Behavior/*physiology
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    Endogenous inhibitor of colchicine-tubulin binding in rat brain (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-08-10
    Description: A competitive inhibitor of colchicine binding to tubulin has been found in rat brain. Most of the inhibitor is associated with microsomes but some inhibitor, with an apparent molecular weight of approximately 250,000, is found in the cytosol. Both the microsomal and cytosol inhibitors are heat- and trypsin-sensitive, indicating that a protein moiety is required for activity. The microsomes bind tubulin directly; the microsomal and cytosol fractions both inhibit microtubule assembly in vitro. The inhibitor may function in the living cell to bind and sequester non-polymerized tubulin. Regulation of tubulin attachment to microsomes could then control the concentration of cytosolic tubulin available for microtubule assembly.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sherline, P -- Schiavone, K -- Brocato, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 10;205(4406):593-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451622" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/*metabolism ; Colchicine/*metabolism ; Cytosol/physiology ; Glycoproteins/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Microsomes/metabolism ; Microtubules/ultrastructure ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/*physiology ; Protein Binding/drug effects ; Rats ; Tubulin/*metabolism
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    Methylation of mouse liver DNA studied by means of the restriction enzymes msp I and hpa II (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-03-09
    Description: The restriction enzymes Hpa II and Msp I both recognize the sequence 5'-CCGG (C, cytosine; G, guanine). However, Hpa II cuts mouse liver DNA to fragments four times larger than does Msp I. The size of DNA cut by Msp I is close to that predicted from base composition and nearest neighbor analysis. The most probable explanation of these results is that in mouse the site 5'-CCGG is highly methylated.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Singer, J -- Roberts-Ems, J -- Riggs, A D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Mar 9;203(4384):1019-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/424726" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; DNA/*metabolism ; DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase/metabolism ; DNA Restriction Enzymes/metabolism ; Liver/metabolism ; Methylation ; Mice ; Molecular Weight ; Substrate Specificity
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    NCI bioassays yield a trail of blunders (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-06-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, R J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 22;204(4399):1287-92.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451534" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Assay/methods ; *Carcinogens ; Legislation as Topic ; Mice ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Research Design/standards ; Research Support as Topic ; United States
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    Iron deficiency prevents liver toxicity of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-04-20
    Description: The compound 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) causes hepatocellular damage and porphyria in C57B1/6J mice, among a wide range of toxic effects. We compared the effect of TCDD toxicity in iron-deficient mice with that in mice receiving a normal diet. Porphyria did not develop in the iron-deficient animals, and these animals were also protected from hepatocellular damage and certain other toxic effects of TCDD.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sweeny, G D -- Jones, K G -- Cole, F M -- Basford, D -- Krestynski, F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 20;204(4390):332-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/432648" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Dioxins/*toxicity ; Enzyme Induction ; Iron/*deficiency ; Liver/pathology ; Mice ; Microsomes, Liver/enzymology ; Mixed Function Oxygenases/metabolism ; Porphyrias/*chemically induced ; Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin/*toxicity ; Uroporphyrinogen Decarboxylase/metabolism
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Structure of the constant and 3' untranslated regions of the murine gamma 2b heavy chain messenger RNA (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-12-14
    Description: The complete coding sequence for the constant region of the mouse gamma 2b immunoglobulin heavy chain and the 3' untranslated region has been determined. The coding portion of the sequence is 1008 nucleotides long (amino acid residues 114 to 449), and the 3' noncoding region contains 102 nucleotides preceeding the polyadenylate. An extra carboxyl-terminal lysine residue which had not been observed in the gamma 2b or other gamma subclass protein sequences occurs in the nucleotide sequence and is probably processed posttranslationally. A 17-nucleotide sequence occurs with slight variation twice in CH1 and once in CH2 domains in the same relative location but with different translational phase. This sequence may be the site of crossover in a gamma 2b . gamma 2a heavy chain variant, an indication of possible recombinational activity of some kind.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tucker, P W -- Marcu, K B -- Slightom, J L -- Blattner, F R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Dec 14;206(4424):1299-303.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/117548" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Biological Evolution ; Codon ; DNA, Recombinant ; Immunoglobulin Constant Regions/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin gamma-Chains/*genetics ; Immunoglobulins/*genetics ; Mice ; *Protein Biosynthesis ; RNA, Messenger/*genetics
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  • 71
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    Substance P: evidence for diverse roles in neuronal function from cultured mouse spinal neurons (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-09-28
    Description: Mouse spinal neurons grown in tissue culture were used to examine the membrane mechanisms of action of the peptide substance P. Two functionally distinct actions were observed, one being a rapidly desensitizing excitation, and the other being a dose-dependent, reversible depression of excitatory responses to the putative amino acid neurotransmitter glutamate. These effects on excitability suggest that substance P may play more than one role in intercellular communication in the nervous system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vincent, J D -- Barker, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 28;205(4413):1409-12.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/224464" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Communication ; Cells, Cultured ; Electric Conductivity ; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists ; Glutamates/pharmacology ; Membrane Potentials ; Mice ; Neural Inhibition ; Spinal Cord/cytology/*physiology ; Substance P/*physiology ; Synaptic Transmission
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  • 72
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    4-aminobutyrate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase in blood platelets (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-08-17
    Description: Platelet lysates obtained from blood of humans, dogs, and rats catalyzed the transamination of 4-aminobutyrate with 2-oxoglutarate as cosubstrate. Human platelet 4-aminobutyrate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase (36.5 +/- 3.2 picomoles per minute per milligram of platelet protein) resembled the brain enzyme in kinetic properties and in response to cofactors and inhibitors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉White, H L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 17;205(4407):696-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/462176" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 4-Aminobutyrate Transaminase/*blood ; Animals ; Blood Platelets/*enzymology ; Brain/enzymology ; Dogs ; Enzyme Activation/drug effects ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Pyridoxal Phosphate/pharmacology ; Rats ; Substrate Specificity ; Transaminases/*blood ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/blood
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  • 73
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    Hyperthermia and local anesthetics: potentiation of survival of tumor-bearing mice (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-07-13
    Description: Lidocaine infusion of a CA755 mammary adenocarcinoma growing in the hind leg of BDF1 mice results in a significant increase in the animals' survival when combined with heating for 1 hour in a 43.5 degrees C water bath. This ability of local anesthetics to prolong survival following hyperthermia is consistent with the hypothesis that increases in membrane fluidity influence sensitivity to heat. In view of the extensive clinical experience with local anesthetics, the delay between clinical application and the observation that they potentiate the action of hyperthermia in animals may be reduced.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yatvin, M B -- Clifton, K H -- Dennis, W H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jul 13;205(4402):195-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451588" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenocarcinoma/therapy ; Anesthetics, Local/*therapeutic use ; Animals ; Female ; *Hot Temperature ; Lidocaine/therapeutic use ; Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/therapy ; Membrane Fluidity/drug effects ; Mice ; Neoplasms, Experimental/*therapy
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  • 74
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    Role of nuclear size in cell growth initiation (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-06-22
    Description: Swiss 3T3 cells arrested in B0 (quiescent state) by reducing serum content of the medium all contain the same amount of DNA but vary in nuclear volume over approximately a twofold range. By use of flow microfluorimetry, scatterplots of nuclear volume versus DNA content were obtained in intervals after serum stimulation. The earliest cells to enter DNA synthesis were those with the largest nuclei, whereas cells with the smallest nuclei were among the latest. Regulation of cellular transit from G0 to the S phase was therefore, at least in part, deterministic, since all G0 cells did not have equal probabilities of entry into S at a given moment. All cells having the same nuclear volume did not initiate DNA synthesis at the same moment; therefore, factors other than nuclear volume must also influence this timing. Nuclear volume correlated with the maximum rate at which cells could enter S. The kinetic model of the cell cycle postulating a probabilistic event as solely responsible for entry into S thus appears too simple.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yen, A -- Pardee, A B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 22;204(4399):1315-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451539" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Cell Cycle ; Cell Division ; Cell Nucleus/physiology/*ultrastructure ; Cells, Cultured/*physiology/ultrastructure ; Clone Cells/ultrastructure ; DNA/biosynthesis ; Mice
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  • 75
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    L-Ornithine decarboxylase:an essential role in early mammalian embryogenesis (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-05-02
    Description: The highly selective, enzyme-activated, irreversible inhibitor of L-ornithine decarboxylase, DL-alpha-difluoromethylornithine, suppresses the increase in uterine L-ornithine decarboxylase activity associated with early embryogenesis in the mouse and arrests embryonic development at that stage. Contragestational effects were confirmed in the rat and rabbit. An increase in L-ornithine decarboxylase activity that leads to a rapid increase in putrescine concentration appears to be essential during a critical period after implantation for continued mammalian embryonal growth.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fozard, J R -- Part, M L -- Prakash, N J -- Grove, J -- Schechter, P J -- Sjoerdsma, A -- Koch-Weser, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 2;208(4443):505-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6768132" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosylmethionine Decarboxylase/metabolism ; Animals ; Carboxy-Lyases/*physiology ; Eflornithine ; Embryo, Mammalian/drug effects/*physiology ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Mice ; Ornithine/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Ornithine Decarboxylase/*physiology ; Ornithine Decarboxylase Inhibitors ; Polyamines/metabolism ; Pregnancy ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Uterus/drug effects/*metabolism
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    Bioactive conformation of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone: evidence from a conformationally constrained analog (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-11-07
    Description: An analog of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone containing a gamma-lactam as a conformational constraint has been prepared with the use of a novel cyclization of a methionine sulfonium salt. The analog is more active as a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist that the parent hormone, and provides evidence for a bioactive conformation containing a beta-turn.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Freidinger, R M -- Veber, D F -- Perlow, D S -- Brooks, J R -- Saperstein, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Nov 7;210(4470):656-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7001627" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Biological Assay ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; *Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/analogs & derivatives ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Lactams ; Protein Conformation ; Rats ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 77
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    Doridosine: a new hypotensive N-methylpurine riboside from the nudibranch Anisodoris nobilis (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-01-11
    Description: A new N-methylpurine riboside (doridosine), probably N1-Methylisoguanosine, was isolated from the digestive glands of a nudibranch. Doridosine produces prolonged hypotension and bradycardia in anesthetized rats, decreases the rate and the amplitude of contraction of guinea pig atria in vitro, and causes the heart rate in anesthetized mice to be reduced by 50 percent for many hours after which the animals recover completely.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fuhrman, F A -- Fuhrman, G J -- Kim, Y H -- Pavelka, L A -- Mosher, H S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jan 11;207(4427):193-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7350655" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antihypertensive Agents/*isolation & purification ; Guanosine/*analogs & derivatives/isolation & purification/pharmacology ; Guinea Pigs ; Heart Rate/drug effects ; Mice ; Mollusca/analysis ; Rats
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    Survival of mice receiving melanoma transplants is promoted by hydroquinone (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-04-25
    Description: In BALB/c female mice with melanoma transplants, the incidence of "takes" is decreased and survival is increased by hydroquinone, a melanocytolytic agent. The mechanism of drug action is suggested by via DNA. The significant and high degree of positive response to hydroquinone treatment in vivo is encouraging for the clinical management of melanoma with melanocytolytic agents.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chavin, W -- Jelonek, E J Jr -- Reed, A H -- Binder, L R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Apr 25;208(4442):408-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7367868" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Hydroquinones/metabolism/*therapeutic use ; Melanocytes/metabolism ; Melanoma/*drug therapy ; Mice ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
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    Single-nutrient microbial competition: qualitative agreement between experimental and theoretically forecast outcomes (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-03-28
    Description: When microbial strains compete for the same limiting nutrient in continuous culture, resource-based competition theory predicts that only one strain will survive and all others will die out. The surviving strain expected from theory will be the one with the smallest subsistence or "break-even" concentration of the limiting resource, a concentration defined by the J parameter. This prediction has been confirmed in the case of auxotrophic bacterial strains competing for limiting tryptophan. Because the value of J can be measured on the strains grown alone, the theory can predict the qualitative outcomes of mixed-growth competition in advance of actual competition.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hansen, S R -- Hubbell, S P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 28;207(4438):1491-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6767274" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bacteria/*growth & development ; Culture Media ; Drug Resistance, Microbial ; Escherichia coli/growth & development ; Kinetics ; Models, Theoretical ; Nalidixic Acid/pharmacology ; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa/growth & development ; Tryptophan/metabolism
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  • 80
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    Transporting renal epithelium: culture in hormonally defined serum-free medium (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-11-21
    Description: A hormonally defined medium was used to isolate a homogeneous epithelioid cell population from canine kidney. Monolayers of these cells form domes, an indication of active ion transport, and this process is inhibited by ouabain. This technique allows the isolation of primary cultures of renal epithelial cells, free of fibroblasts, for the characterization of biochemical and physiological properties related to renal function.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jefferson, D M -- Cobb, M H -- Gennaro, J F Jr -- Scott, W N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Nov 21;210(4472):912-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7434005" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Transport, Active ; Cell Adhesion ; Cells, Cultured ; Culture Media ; Dogs ; Epithelium/metabolism ; Female ; Kidney/*cytology ; Male ; Sodium/metabolism
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  • 81
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    Allele increasing susceptibility to human breast cancer may be linked to the glutamate-pyruvate transaminase locus (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-04-25
    Description: The patterns of the occurrence of breast cancer in 11 high-risk families were evaluated by segregation and linkage analysis. These patterns were consistent with the hypothesis that increased susceptibility to breast cancer was inherited as an autosomal dominant allele with high penetrance in women. The postulated susceptibility allele in these families may be chromosomally linked to the glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (E.C. 2.6.1.2, alanine aminotransferase) locus. Confirmation of this linkage in other families would establish the existence of a gene increasing susceptibility to breast cancer. Since there is no association in the general population between a woman's glutamate-pyruvate transaminase genotype and her cancer risk, the glutamate-pyruvate transaminase linkage cannot be used as a screening test for breast cancer.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉King, M C -- Go, R C -- Elston, R C -- Lynch, H T -- Petrakis, N L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Apr 25;208(4442):406-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7367867" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alanine Transaminase/*genetics ; Alleles ; Breast Neoplasms/*genetics/transmission ; Female ; Genes ; Genetic Linkage ; Humans ; Pedigree ; X Chromosome
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    Testosterone-mediated sexual dimorphism of mitochondria and lysosomes in mouse kidney proximal tubules (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-08-29
    Description: In kidney proximal tubules of male mice the mitochondria are larger and more electron-lucent, autophagic vacuoles and lysosomes (predominantly myeloid bodies) more numerous and voluminous, and exocytosed intraluminal myeloid bodies more common than in females. Males also have higher kidney activities of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase and lysosomal hydrolases, and excrete larger quantities of hydrolases and protein in the urine. Orchiectomy evokes the feminine pattern whereas testosterone administration induces the male pattern. Endogenous testosterone modulates mitochondrial structure and function and enhances the activity of the lysosomal-vacuolar system in proximal tubule cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Koenig, H -- Goldstone, A -- Blume, G -- Lu, C Y -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 29;209(4460):1023-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7403864" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Castration ; Enzymes/urine ; Female ; Kidney/drug effects ; Kidney Tubules, Proximal/*ultrastructure ; Lysosomes/drug effects/enzymology ; Male ; Mice ; Mitochondria/drug effects/enzymology ; Organ Size/drug effects ; Sex Differentiation/*drug effects ; Testosterone/*pharmacology
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    Tooth induction in chick epithelium: expression of quiescent genes for enamel synthesis (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-02-29
    Description: Intraocular grafts of chick epithelium combined with mouse molar mesenchyme produced a variety of dental structures including perfectly formed crowns with differentiated ameloblasts depositing enamel matrix. The results suggest that the loss of teeth in Aves did not result from a loss of genetic coding for enamel synthesis in the oral epithelium but from an alteration in the tissue interactions requisite for odontogenesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kollar, E J -- Fisher, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 29;207(4434):993-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7352302" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Amelogenesis ; Animals ; Chick Embryo/*cytology ; Culture Techniques ; Dental Enamel Proteins/*biosynthesis/genetics ; Embryonic Induction ; Epithelial Cells ; Genes ; Mandible/cytology ; Mesoderm/cytology ; Mice ; *Odontogenesis
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  • 84
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    Role of the spleen in the growth of a murine B cell leukemia (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-04-04
    Description: A spontaneous B cell leukemia (BCL1) grew progressively in normal BALB/c mice after injection of tumor cells but did not grow in splenectomized recipients. Despite the absence of progressive tumor growth, residual tumor cells with malignant potential were found in the peripheral blood of the splenectomized animals. Splenectomy performed after injection of tumor cells but before the development of marked leukocytosis also prevented progressive tumor growth and death of the host. Thus the spleen appears to be necessary for progressive proliferation of this lymphocytic leukemia early after passage in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kotzin, B L -- Strober, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Apr 4;208(4439):59-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6965803" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; B-Lymphocytes/*pathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Leukemia, Experimental/etiology/physiopathology ; Leukemia, Lymphoid/*etiology/physiopathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Spleen/*physiology ; Splenectomy
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  • 85
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    Prolongation of islet xenograft survival without continuous immunosuppression (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-07-11
    Description: The survival of isolated rat islets transplanted into diabetic mice was prolonged markedly by maintaining the rat islets in vitro at 24 degrees C for 7 days before transplantation and administering to the recipients a single injection of antiserum to mouse and rat lymphocytes shortly before transplantation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lacy, P E -- Davie, J M -- Finke, E H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 11;209(4453):283-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6770465" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blood Glucose/analysis ; Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/*therapy ; *Immunosuppression ; *Islets of Langerhans Transplantation ; Lymphocytes/immunology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Rats ; Transplantation, Heterologous ; Transplantation, Isogeneic
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  • 86
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    Phenacetin safety (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-01-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Macklin, A W -- Welch, R M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jan 11;207(4427):129-30, 132.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7350647" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aminopyrine/adverse effects/toxicity ; Animals ; Humans ; Mice ; Mutagens ; Phenacetin/administration & dosage/*adverse effects/toxicity ; Rats
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    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 87
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    Immunoglobulin gene rearrangement in immature B cells (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-09-19
    Description: Two types of immature B cells, namely fetal liver hybridomas and the leukemic cell line 70Z/3, both of which have cytoplasmic mu chains but no light chains, were examined for DNA rearrangements of their light chain and heavy chain immunoglobulin genes. In the fetal liver hybridomas, which were constructed from fetal liver cells and a tumor cell, no light chain gene rearrangement was observed, whereas in the 70Z/3 cell line a kappa light chain rearrangement probably occurred. The results suggest that, although the lack of light chain synthesis can be due to a lack of gene rearrangement, there may also be transcriptional regulation, which may also be important for the expression of light chain immunoglobulins in immature B cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maki, R -- Kearney, J -- Paige, C -- Tonegawa, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Sep 19;209(4463):1366-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6774416" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; B-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Genes ; Hybrid Cells/immunology ; Immunoglobulin Constant Regions/genetics ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin Light Chains/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin Variable Region/genetics ; Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin mu-Chains/*genetics ; Leukemia, Experimental/*immunology ; Liver/*embryology ; Mice ; Recombination, Genetic ; Transcription, Genetic
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 88
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    Mapping of heavy chain genes for mouse immunoglobulins M and D (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-09-19
    Description: A single DNA fragment containing both mu and delta immunoglobulin heavy chain genes has been cloned from normal BALB/c mouse liver DNA with a new lambda phage vector Charon 28. The physical distance between the membrane terminal exon of mu and the first domain of delta is 2466 base pairs, with delta on the 3' side of mu. A single transcript could contain a variable region and both mu and delta constant regions. The dual expression of immunoglobulins M and D on spleen B cells may be due to alternate splicing of this transcript.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Liu, C P -- Tucker, P W -- Mushinski, J F -- Blattner, F R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Sep 19;209(4463):1348-53.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6774414" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; B-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Chromosome Deletion ; *Genes ; Immunoglobulin Constant Regions/genetics ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin delta-Chains/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin mu-Chains/*genetics ; Liver/physiology ; Membrane Proteins/genetics ; Mice ; Myeloma Proteins/genetics ; Plasmids ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Recombination, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 89
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    Selective inhibition of glycoprotein and membrane protein of vesicular stomatitis virus from interferon-treated cells (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-02-01
    Description: A 200-fold inhibition in the titer of infectious vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) was produced in cultures of Ly cells treated with 30 reference units of interferon per milliliter. Virus particle production, as measured by VSV particle-associated transcriptase, or nucleocapsid protein was inhibited by a maximum of tenfold. The glycoprotein and membrane protein content was reduced in VSV derived from interferon-treated cells. Thus interferon-treated cells may have produced VSV particles with low infectivity, which may be related to the reduced amount of glycoprotein incorporated into such particles. These findings resemble those reported in interferon-treated cells infected with murine leukemia viruses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maheshwari, R K -- Jay, F T -- Friedman, R M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 1;207(4430):540-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6243416" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Defective Viruses/growth & development ; Glycoproteins/*biosynthesis ; Interferons/*pharmacology ; Membrane Proteins/*biosynthesis ; Mice ; RNA, Viral/metabolism ; Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus/*growth & development ; Viral Proteins/*biosynthesis ; Virus Replication/*drug effects
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 90
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    (-)Pentobarbital opens ion channels of long duration in cultured mouse spinal neurons (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-07-25
    Description: Intracellular recordings from voltage-clamped mouse spinal neurons in tissue culture were used to study the membrane mechanisms underlying inhibitory responses to gamma-aminobutyric acid and the (-) isomer of pentobarbital. Fluctuation analysis suggested that both substances activated ion channels in the membranes. However, the channels activated by pentobarbital remained open five times longer than those activated by gamma-aminobutyric acid.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mathers, D A -- Barker, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 25;209(4455):507-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6248961" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Membrane/drug effects/physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Ion Channels/drug effects/*physiology ; Membrane Potentials/drug effects ; Mice ; Neurons/drug effects/*physiology ; Pentobarbital/*pharmacology ; Spinal Cord/*physiology ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/pharmacology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 91
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    Vesicle targeting: timed release and specificity for leukocytes in mice by subcutaneous injection (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-01-18
    Description: When unilamellar vesicles were administered subcutaneously in mice, the half-time for the destruction of the vesicles varied from 12 to 600 hours, depending on their composition. The vesicles tested consisted of distearoyl phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and certain sugar and amino-sugar derivatives of cholesterol. Vesicle with amino-sugar derivatives showed the greatest longevity and became localized with high specificity in aggregates of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. A substantial delay between the time that the vesicles broke open and the time that labels contained in the vesicles were excreted suggests that the vesicles undergo endocytosis before destruction.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mauk, M R -- Gamble, R C -- Baldeschwieler, J D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jan 18;207(4428):309-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7350660" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cholesterol/analogs & derivatives ; Endocytosis ; Liposomes/*therapeutic use ; Lysosomes/metabolism ; Metabolic Clearance Rate ; Mice ; Neutrophils/*metabolism ; Phosphatidylcholines ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 92
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    Mebendazole therapy of parenteral trichinellosis (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-03-14
    Description: Mebendazole was highly effective against the helminth parasite Trichinella spiralis in mice subjected to a 3-day course of treatment during the invasive and encystment phases of experimental trichinellosis. When treatment began either 2 or 4 weeks after the mice were inoculated with parasites, the number of larvae developing in the host musculature was greatly reduced by twice-daily oral administration of 3.125, 6.25, or 12.5 milligrams of mebendazole per kilogram of body weight.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McCracken, R O -- Taylor, D D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 14;207(4436):1220-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7355285" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Benzimidazoles/*therapeutic use ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Larva ; Male ; Mebendazole/administration & dosage/*therapeutic use ; Mice ; Muscles/parasitology ; Trichinella/drug effects ; Trichinellosis/*drug therapy
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  • 93
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    The heart is a target organ for androgen (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-02-15
    Description: Autoradiographic and biochemical analyses of the hearts of female rhesus monkeys and baboons indicate that atrial and ventricular myocardial cells contain androgen receptors. Although the specific effects of nuclear uptake and retention of androgen on the function of heart muscle cells are not known, the presence of this receptor suggests that sex steroid hormones may affect myocardial function directly and may explain some of the peculiar differences in heart disease between men and women.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McGill, H C Jr -- Anselmo, V C -- Buchanan, J M -- Sheridan, P J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 15;207(4432):775-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6766222" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Androgens/*metabolism ; Animals ; Coronary Disease/*etiology ; Dihydrotestosterone/metabolism ; Estradiol/metabolism ; Female ; Haplorhini ; Kinetics ; Macaca mulatta ; Myocardium/*metabolism ; Papio ; Receptors, Androgen/*metabolism ; Receptors, Steroid/*metabolism ; Sex Factors
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  • 94
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    Insertion of a new gene of viral origin into bone marrow cells of mice (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-05-30
    Description: DNA containing the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSVtk) gene was used to transform wild-type tk+ mouse L cells to a tk++ status in vitro using methotrexate as a selective agent. HSVtk DNA was also used to transform mouse bone marrow cells in vitro. Transformed marrow cells injected into irradiated and methotrexate-treated recipient mice gave rise to proliferating cells which in some cases dominated the marrow population and which contained HSVtk gene sequences.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mercola, K E -- Stang, H D -- Browne, J -- Salser, W -- Cline, M J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 30;208(4447):1033-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6246577" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bone Marrow/*enzymology ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; DNA, Viral/analysis ; Drug Resistance ; *Genes, Viral ; L Cells (Cell Line) ; Methotrexate/pharmacology ; Mice ; Simplexvirus/enzymology/*genetics ; Species Specificity ; Thymidine Kinase/*genetics ; *Transformation, Genetic
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  • 95
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    Cellular senescence in a cloned strain of bovine fetal aortic endothelial cells (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-02-22
    Description: The life-span in vitro and other proliferative characteristics of a strain of endothelial cells cloned from the aorta of a fetal calf were examined. Cultures of these cells had a replicative life-span of approximately 80 cumulative population doublings. Growth rates in the logarithmic phase and plateau densities decreased as the cumulative population-doubling level increased. After approximately 65 percent of the life-span of a culture was completed, the percentage of cells that incorporated [3H]thymidine during a 24-hour labeling period began to decrease rapidly. The cells expressed factor VIII antigen and their intercellular borders were stainable with silver nitrate throughout the life-span of each culture. Average cellular attachment size increased more than threefold between cumulative population-doubling levels 41 and 80. The facility with which cloned strains of endothelial cells can be isolated should encourage further exploitation of this important cell culture model.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mueller, S N -- Rosen, E M -- Levine, E M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 22;207(4433):889-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7355268" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aorta/cytology/embryology ; Cattle ; Cell Division ; *Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; Clone Cells/*physiology ; Endothelium/*cytology ; Karyotyping
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  • 96
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    Expression of a bacterial gene in mammalian cells (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-09-19
    Description: Transfection of cultured monkey kidney cells with recombinant DNA constructed with a cloned Escherichia coli gene that codes for xanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase and several different SV40 DNA-based vectors, results in the synthesis of readily measurable quantities of the bacterial enzyme. Moreover, the physiological defect in purine nucleotide synthesis characteristic of human Lesch-Nyhan cells can be overcome by the introduction of the bacterial gene into these cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mulligan, R C -- Berg, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Sep 19;209(4463):1422-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6251549" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Cloning, Molecular/methods ; DNA, Bacterial/*genetics ; *DNA, Recombinant ; Escherichia coli ; *Genes ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase/genetics ; Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome/*genetics ; Pentosyltransferases/*genetics ; Simian virus 40/genetics ; Transduction, Genetic ; Transformation, Genetic
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 97
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    Intercellular adhesion: coconstruction of contractile heart tissue by cells of different species (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-06-06
    Description: Dissociated embryonic rat myocardial cells and chick myocardial cells labeled with radioactive isotope coaggregate and establish intercellular junctions. These bispecific cells reconstruct synchronously beating myocardial tissue within 24 hours of culture.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nag, A C -- Cheng, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jun 6;208(4448):1150-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7375923" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Adhesion ; *Cell Aggregation ; Cells, Cultured ; Chickens ; Heart/*embryology ; Intercellular Junctions/ultrastructure ; Mosaicism ; Myocardial Contraction ; Myocardium/*cytology ; Rats ; Species Specificity
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  • 98
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    Cultivation in vitro of the quartan malaria parasite Plasmodium inui (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-09-12
    Description: The simian guartan malaria parasite Plasmodium inui (OS strain) was cultured in a continuous flow system with rhesus monkey erythrocytes and RPMI 1640nmedium supplemented with Hepes buffer and rhesus serum. Over a 10-week period, the growth of the parasite permitted a 61,000-fold cumulative dilution of the original inoculum. After 5 weeks in culture, the parasites were still infective to the monkey Saimiri sciureus and to Anopheles freeborni mosquitoes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nguyen-Dinh, P -- Campbell, C C -- Collins, W E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Sep 12;209(4462):1249-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6773146" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Erythrocytes/*parasitology ; Haplorhini/*parasitology ; Larva ; Macaca/*parasitology ; Plasmodium/cytology/*growth & development
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 99
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    J genes for heavy chain immunoglobulins of mouse (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-09-05
    Description: A 15,8-kilobase pair fragment of BALB/c mouse liver DNA, cloned in the Charon 4A lambda phage vector system, was shown to contain the mu heavy chain constant region (CHmu) gene for the mouse immunoglobulin M. In addition, this fragment of DNA contains at least two J genes, used to code for the carboxyl terminal portion of heavy chain variable regions. These genes are located in genomic DNA about eight kilobase pairs to the 5' side of the CHmu gene. The complete nucleotide sequence of a 1120-base pair stretch of DNA that includes the two J genes has been determined.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Newell, N -- Richards, J E -- Tucker, P W -- Blattner, F R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Sep 5;209(4461):1128-32.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6250219" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Binding Sites, Antibody/*genetics ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; DNA, Recombinant ; Genes ; Genetic Linkage ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin Variable Region/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin mu-Chains/*genetics ; Mice
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 100
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    Gene affecting superoxide dismutase activity linked to the histocompatibility complex in H-2 congenic mice (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-01-04
    Description: The activity of cyanide-sensitive, Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) was studied in liver sytosols from H-2 congenic strains of mice. Higher SOD activity was found in livers of mice having H-2b/A.BY, B10, and C3H.SW/haplotypes than in those of H-2a, H-2k and H-2d haplotypes. Segregation studies supported these correlations. In H-2 recombinant strains of mice, the genes influencing the liver SOD activity occur, as ascertained by mapping techniques, at or near the H-2d region of the major histocompatibility complex.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Novak, R -- Bosze, Z -- Matkovics, B -- Fachet, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jan 4;207(4426):86-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7350646" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Genes ; Genes, Regulator ; Genetic Linkage ; H-2 Antigens/*genetics ; Liver/enzymology ; *Major Histocompatibility Complex ; Mice ; Superoxide Dismutase/*genetics
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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