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  • Inorganic Chemistry  (816)
  • Seismology
  • Industrial Chemistry
  • 2005-2009
  • 1975-1979  (866)
  • 1950-1954
  • 1977  (866)
  • 1
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    In:  Pageoph, Luxembourg, Conseil de l'Europe, vol. 115, no. 7055, pp. 441-458, pp. B05S07, (ISBN: 0534351875, 2nd edition)
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Seismology ; Stress drop ; Tectonics ; Stress ; Plate tectonics
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  • 2
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    In:  Z. Geophys., Reykjavík, Icelandic Meteorological Office, Ministry for the Environment University of Iceland, vol. 43, no. 5, pp. 473-496, pp. TC1011, (ISSN 0016-8548, ISBN 3-510-50045-8)
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Subduction zone ; Seismology ; USSR ; Plate tectonics
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  • 3
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    In:  J. Seism. Soc. Japan, Basel, Elsevier Science Publishers, vol. 30, no. 1-2, pp. 91-106, pp. B03304, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Seismology ; Seismic arrays ; Detectors ; sta
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  • 4
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    In:  Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., Berlin, Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, vol. 67, no. 7, pp. 1503-1513, pp. L14306, (ISSN 0016-8548, ISBN 3-510-50045-8)
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Seismology ; Waves ; Attenuation ; Anisotropy ; BSSA
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  • 5
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    In:  Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., Kunming, China, 4, vol. 67, no. 2, pp. 425-431, pp. L10314, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Seismology ; Location ; BSSA
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  • 6
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    In:  Rev. Geophys. Space Phys., Tokyo, Tokyo University, vol. 15, no. 9, pp. 105-112, pp. 2265, (ISSN 0016-8548, ISBN 3-510-50045-8)
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Review article ; Surface waves ; Dispersion ; (The Earth's free) oscillations ; Seismology ; RGSP
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  • 7
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    In:  J. Geophys. Res., Tokyo, Tokyo University, vol. 82, no. 9, pp. 2981-2987, pp. 2265, (ISSN 0016-8548, ISBN 3-510-50045-8)
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Seismology ; Source ; Source parameters ; Magnitude ; seismic Moment ; Energy (of earthquakes) ; JGR
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  • 8
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    In:  J. Geophys., Warszawa, American Geophysical Union, vol. 42, no. 1+2, pp. 429-436, pp. L08304, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Theoret. geophys. ; Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; Seismology ; Muller
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  • 9
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    In:  Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., Würzburg, Physica-Verlag, vol. 67, no. 1, pp. 1541-1554, pp. L24313, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Seismology ; Travel time ; Amplitude ; earth Core ; Mueller ; Muller ; BSSA
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  • 10
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    In:  Geophys. J. R. astr. Soc., San Francisco, Pergamon, vol. 51, no. 3-4, pp. 625-651, pp. B05315, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Radiation pattern ; High frequency ... ; Source ; Seismology ; cracks and fractures (.NE. fracturing) ; Modelling ; GJRaS ; nokms
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  • 11
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    In:  J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., Tokyo, Inst. f. Theoret. Geodäsie, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 259-287
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Source ; Seismology ; Volcanology ; Fluids ; cracks and fractures (.NE. fracturing) ; Hawaii ; Modelling ; Rock mechanics ; JVGR
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  • 12
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    In:  Geophys. J. R. astr. Soc., Washington D.C., Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe, vol. 51, no. 6, pp. 27-45, pp. L08305
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Moment tensor ; Fault plane solution, focal mechanism ; Seismology ; GJRaS
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  • 13
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    In:  Geophys. J. R. astr. Soc., Warszawa, Army Corps of Engineers, Woodward-Clyde Consultants, vol. 50, no. 3, pp. 643-668, pp. 1013, (ISBN: 0-12-018847-3)
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Two-dimensional ; Fracture ; Modelling ; Source ; Seismology ; GJRaS ; nokms
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  • 14
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    In:  Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., London, 416 pp., Geological Society, vol. 67, no. 5621, pp. 1303-1317, pp. L18607, (ISBN 1-86239-117-3)
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Seismology ; P-waves ; Attenuation ; Inelastic ; Absorption ; High frequency ... ; BSSA
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  • 15
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    In:  J. Geophys. Res., Luxembourg, U.S. Geological Survey, vol. 82, no. 3-4, pp. 239-255, pp. B05309, (ISBN 0-471-26610-8)
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Inhomogeneity ; Seismology ; JGR ; Dziewonski
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  • 16
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    In:  Geophys. J. R. astr. Soc., Basel, Inst. f. Geophys., Ruhr-Univ. Bochum, vol. 51, no. 3, pp. 583-603, pp. 1009, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publication Date: 1977
    Description: zit. bei Park et al. (1987)
    Keywords: Seismology ; Polarization ; Detectors ; Data analysis / ~ processing ; GJRaS
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  • 17
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    Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe
    In:  Geologisches Jahrbuch, Hannover, Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe, vol. E11, no. 1, pp. 267-286, pp. 1175, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Seismology ; Tectonics ; Earthquake
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  • 18
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    In:  J. Geophys., Luxembourg, Conseil de l'Europe, vol. 42, no. 1, pp. 283-328, pp. B09316, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Seismology ; PIC ; gab ; Surface waves ; Review article ; Mueller ; Muller
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  • 19
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    In:  Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., Berlin, Pergamon, vol. 67, no. 5, pp. 433-452, pp. B04306, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Seismology ; Detectors ; Location ; BSSA
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  • 20
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    Elsevier
    In:  Amsterdam, 440 pp., Elsevier, vol. 231, no. 3, pp. 2-203, (ISBN 0-470-02298-1)
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Textbook of geophysics ; Nuclear explosion ; Seismology
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  • 21
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    Trans Tech Publ.
    In:  Professional Paper, Proc. 1. Conf. acoustic emission/microseism. activity in geol. struc. and materials, Clausthal, Trans Tech Publ., vol. 51, no. 16, pp. 235-242, (ISBN 1-86239-165-3, vi + 330 pp.)
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: BUG ; Location ; Seismology ; Acoustic emission
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  • 22
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    In:  J. Geophys. Res., Tokyo, Inst. f. Theoret. Geodäsie, vol. 82, no. 3, pp. 277-296
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Seismology ; Inversion ; JGR
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  • 23
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    In:  Annali di Geofisica, Tokyo, Inst. f. Theoret. Geodäsie, vol. XXX, no. 1-2, pp. 341-368
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Modelling ; Strong motions ; Fault zone ; Seismology ; nokms
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  • 24
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    In:  Geophys. J. R. astr. Soc., Washington D.C., Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe, vol. 51, no. 6, pp. 1-25, pp. L08305
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Moment tensor ; Fault plane solution, focal mechanism ; Seismology ; GJRaS
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  • 25
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    In:  Geophys. J. R. astr. Soc., Taipei, Elsevier, vol. 51, no. 1, pp. 275-312, pp. TC1002, (ISBN: 0-12-018847-3)
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Seismology ; Waves ; caustics ; Synthetic seismograms ; GJRaS
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  • 26
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    In:  Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., Berlin, Inst. Electrical & Electronics Engineers, vol. 67, no. 6, pp. 1577-1586, pp. B04307, (ISBN: 0534351875, 2nd edition)
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Location ; Seismic arrays ; Seismology ; BSSA
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  • 27
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    In:  Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., Regensburg, Inst. Electrical & Electronics Engineers, vol. 67, no. 3, pp. 587-598, pp. TC5001, (ISBN: 0534351875, 2nd edition)
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Magnitude ; Earthquake catalog ; Seismology ; BSSA
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  • 28
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    In:  Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., Washington D.C., Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe, vol. 67, no. 2, pp. 615-629, pp. L09611
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: seismic Moment ; Seismology ; Magnitude ; Moment tensor ; BSSA
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  • 29
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    In:  Publ. Inst. Geoph. Pol. Acad. Sc., Hoboken, NJ, 633 pp. + CD-ROM, Pergamon, vol. A-5(166), no. 19, pp. 145-154, pp. B05309, (ISBN 0-471-26610-8)
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Frequency ; Seismology ; Spectrum ; Magnitude
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  • 30
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    In:  Pageoph, Dordrecht, D. Reidel, vol. 115, no. 5, pp. 387-400, pp. TC5003, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Friction ; Fluids ; Seismology ; Fracture
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  • 31
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    In:  Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., Leyden, Noordhoff International Publishing, vol. 67, no. 3, pp. 599-614, pp. B04306, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Seismology ; seismic Moment ; Spectrum ; Magnitude ; Intensity ; Source parameters ; BSSA
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  • 32
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    In:  Bull. Seismo. Soc. Amer., Veldhoven, Kluwer, vol. 67, no. 1-2, pp. 1607-1613, pp. B05302, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Intensity ; Seismology ; Fault zone ; BSSA
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  • 33
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    Inst. für Geophys., ETH Zürich
    In:  Berlin, 254 pp., Inst. für Geophys., ETH Zürich, vol. 15, no. Publ. No. 12, pp. 585, (ISBN 1-85233-708-7)
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Seismology ; Seismicity ; Tectonics
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  • 34
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    Teledyne Geotech
    In:  Seismic Data Analysis Center report, Alexandria, Virginia, Teledyne Geotech, vol. 10, no. TR-77-14, pp. 484-486, (ISBN 3-933346-037)
    Publication Date: 1977
    Description: LS-Fit eines Polarisations-Modells im Frequenzbereich, Anwendung zur Abschätzung von Parametern wie Azimut für P-Wellen im kurzperiodischen Band und Rayleigh-Wellen im langperiodischen Band.
    Keywords: Seismology ; Maximum likelihood ; Polarization
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  • 35
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    In:  J. Geophys., Tokyo, Dt. Geophys. Ges., vol. 43, no. 1-4, pp. 265-285, pp. 2389, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Seismology ; Surface waves ; Rayleigh waves ; Dispersion
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  • 36
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    Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences
    In:  Proceedings, Prag, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, vol. 10, no. WS-693 7-83, pp. 235-239, (ISBN 3-933346-037)
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Seismology ; Seismicity ; Earthquake precursor: prediction research ; Earthquake risk ; Earthquake hazard ; Proceedings of a conference
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  • 37
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    In:  Geophys. J. R. astr. Soc., Basle, Wiley, vol. 50, no. 5441, pp. 381-394, pp. 1264, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Source ; Seismology ; Fault plane solution, focal mechanism ; GJRaS
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  • 38
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    In:  Pageoph, Luxembourg, National Academy of Sciences of the USA, vol. 115, no. 6, pp. 317-332, pp. B05311, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Seismology ; Stress ; Stress drop ; Tectonics
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  • 39
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    In:  Acta Geophysica Sinica, Kunming, China, 3-4, vol. 20, no. 1-2, pp. 125-130, pp. B05301, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Seismology ; Fore-shocks ; Aftershocks ; Earthquake ; China
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  • 40
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    Wiley
    In:  New York, Wiley, vol. 25, no. Publ. No. 12, pp. 95-104, (ISBN: 0-08-043930-6)
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Textbook of geophysics ; Seismology ; Gravimetry, Gravitation ; TIDES ; Geomagnetics ; Geothermics
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  • 41
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    AGU
    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Island Arcs, Deep Sea Trenches and Back Arc Basins, Englewood Cliffs, AGU, vol. 1, no. XVI:, pp. 99-114, (ISBN: 3-540-23712-7)
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Crustal deformation (cf. Earthquake precursor: deformation or strain) ; Seismicity ; Subduction zone ; Seismology ; Inhomogeneity
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  • 42
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    In:  Phys. Earth Plan. Int., Luxembourg, National Academy of Sciences of the USA, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. P24-P32, pp. B05311, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Nuclear explosion ; Seismology ; Detectors ; Seismic networks ; PEPI
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  • 43
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    Charles Univ. Press
    In:  Prague, 214 pp., Charles Univ. Press, vol. 42, no. 3, pp. 275-291, (0-596-00648-9, 3rd edition 2005. XXII, 509 pp.)
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Seismology ; Textbook of geophysics ; Seismics (controlled source seismology) ; Ray seismics ; Ray tracing ; Cerveny ; Psencik ; Synthetic seismograms
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  • 44
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    In:  Preprint, Madrid, European Association of Exploration Geophysicists, vol. C 560, 183 pp., no. 8, pp. 129-132, (ISBN 3-933346-037)
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Inversion ; Synthetic seismograms ; Seismology ; Seismics (controlled source seismology)
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  • 45
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    Inst. f. Geophys., Univ.
    In:  Diplom-Arbeit, Hamburg, Inst. f. Geophys., Univ., vol. C 560, 183 pp., no. 6, pp. 1975-1982, (ISBN 3-933346-037)
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Inelastic ; Attenuation ; Seismology ; Seismics (controlled source seismology) ; Elasticity
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  • 46
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    In:  J. Geophys. Res., Zagreb, Conseil de l'Europe, vol. 82, no. 7, pp. 1347-1352, pp. 2118, (ISSN 0343-5164)
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Seismicity ; Source ; Seismology ; Modelling ; JGR
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  • 47
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    In:  Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., Zagreb, Conseil de l'Europe, vol. 67, no. 4, pp. 1259-1275, pp. L02307, (ISSN 0343-5164)
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Filter- ; Seismology ; Rayleigh waves ; BSSA
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  • 48
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 115 (1977), S. 675-692 
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Seismology ; P wave residuals ; Travel-time anomalies ; Earthquake prediction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Summary Mean travel-time residuals of P waves for the period 1964–1970 at stations in North America and Europe are well separated into large domains of positive and negative values. The spatial distribution of residuals in North America is in good agreement with the structure of the upper mantle obtained from Rayleigh wave dispersion and is in accord with magnitude anomalies and heat flow data. A systematic variation of residuals in time is found to be sensitive to major changes in the nature of the earthquake source distribution, as for example aftershocks, as well as to changes in methods of detection of first arrivals. Residuals at neighboring stations are correlated up to distances of the order of 2°. Half year mean residuals at stations within 2° distance from the epicenters of strong earthquakes have a sudden jump 1.5 years before the occurrence of an earthquake. A formal algorithm based on this pattern permits prediction of the times of all 16 earthquakes with magnitudeM≥7.5 occurring during the interval 1966–1972. Although the average duration of the alarm periods is about half the total time interval of the catalog, so that the algorithm has no practical importance, these results are statistically significant on a 99% level of confidence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 49
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 115 (1977), S. 667-673 
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Seismology ; Hypocenter determination ; Focal coordinate determination ; Near earthquakes location
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Summary A new computation method is described which determines the focal coordinates, theP n-andP G-velocity, the focal time and the Moho-depth in the case of near earthquakes. The method is provided especially for areas where the crustal parameters are insufficiently known. It presumes that the standard error ofP n-andP G-arrival times is a minimum. The problem turns out to represent the solution of a set of at least seven equations with seven unknown parameters. Four of these unknowns can be separated in advance. This leads to a considerable simplification. The three remaining unknowns are the focal coordinates. Their best fitting values are found by the gradient method. An example is presented which shows how errors can arise if the initial trial coordinate is chosen at an unfavourable position.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 50
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 115 (1977), S. 655-666 
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Seismology ; Greece ; Plate tectonics ; Focal mechanism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Summary An attempt has been made to interpret the striking difference, in focal properties, between the intermediate and shallow earthquakes in Central Greece and an observed time sequence of these shocks by a lithospheric model. This model consists of a lithospheric slab descending from the Ionian to the Aegean and a back-arc expanding Aegean lithosphere. Thrust faulting near the top surface of the slab, caused by the sinking of the slab, triggers spreading and normal faulting in the back-arc Aegean region.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 51
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 23-36 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Carbene Reactions, VIII. Selectivity of Nucleophilic Carbenes with Regard to HeterocumulenesThe selectivities of N-methylbenzothiazolinylidene (2) and 1,3-diphenylimidazolidinylidene (3) against aryl isocyanates and phenyl isothiocyanate have been determined. The selectivities increase from dimethoxycarbene (1) over 2 to 3. In contrast all three carbenes display equal selectivity with regard to different aryl isocyanates.
    Notes: Für N-Methylbenzothiazolinyliden (2) und 1,3-Diphenylimidazolidinyliden (3) wurden die Selektivitäten gegenüber verschiedenen Arylisocyanaten einerseits und Phenylisothiocyanat andererseits bestimmt. Diese nehmen vom Dimethoxycarben (1) über 2 zu 3 zu. Dagegen zeigen alle drei Carbene bei 140°C eine übereinstimmende Selektivität gegenüber Arylisocyanaten.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 52
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Reactions of Complex Ligands, V. Insertion of Aminoacetylenes into Metal Carbene Bonds  -  A One-Step Stereoselective Synthesis of Substituted Aminovinylcarbene LigandsThe reaction of the pentacarbonyl[alkoxyalkyl(resp. aryl)carbene] and pentacarbonyl(diarylcarbene) complexes of chromium, molybdenum, and tungsten 1-6 with the 1-(dialkylamino)-acetylenes 7-9 results in insertion of the alkyne into the metal-carbene bond. The structures of the obtained pentacarbonyl[alkenyl(dialkylamino)carbene] complexes 10-17 were determined by means of their i. r., 1H n.m.r., and mass spectra. It is shown that the alkenyl carbene ligand is formed exclusively in the E-configuration according to a strongly stereoselective reaction.
    Notes: Die Pentacarbonyl[alkoxyalkyl(bzw. aryl)carben]- und Pentacarbonyl(diarylcarben)-Komplexe des Chroms, Molybdäns und Wolframs 1-6 reagieren mit den 1-(Dialkylamino)acetylenen 7-9 unter Einschiebung des Alkins in die Metall-Carbenkohlenstoff-Bindung. Die entstehenden Pentacarbonyl[alkenyl(dialkylamino)carben]-Komplexe 10-17 wurden anhand ihrer IR-, 1H-NMR- und Massenspektren strukturell gesichert. Die Reaktion verläuft streng stereoselektiv, denn im Produkt wird ausschließlich die E-Konfiguration im Alkenylcarbenliganden gefunden.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
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  • 53
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 86-95 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Activated Ethylenes, V. Reaction of Aromatic Compounds with Derivatives of Chloromethylenemalonic Acid. A new Synthesis of Aromatic AldehydesThe derivatives of chloromethylenemalonic acid 3 and 4 react with aromatic compounds in the presence of aluminium chloride to give the arylmethylenemalonic acid derivatives 5a-i and 6a-d. By hydrolysis of the C=C double bond the corresponding dinitriles 2a-g are converted into aldehydes.
    Notes: Chlormethylenmalonsäure-Derivate 3 und 4 lassen sich in Gegenwart von Aluminiumchlorid mit Aromaten umsetzen, wobei die Arylmethylenmalonsäure-Derivate 5a-i und 6a-d entstehen. Die entsprechenden Dinitrile 2a-g lassen sich durch Hydrolyse der C=C-Doppelbindung in Aldehyde überführen.
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  • 54
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 138-145 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Friedel-Crafts Reactions of Dihalobicyclo[n.1.0]alkanesThe Friedel-Crafts reaction of the anellated dihalocyclopropanes 1-6 is described. 2b-5b yield with benzene the phenylcycloalkenes 7-9, with toluene mixtures of the o- and p-tolylcycloalkenes 10-15 with the 1,2-ditolylcycloalkenes 16-18 and 20-22 are obtained. p-Xylene reacts with 1a, 2a and b to give the anellated indenes 23-25. Anisole yields the benzofuranes 26-30 via a primary product which is trapped in one case as the bis(4-methoxyphenyl)cycloheptene 19.
    Notes: Die Friedel-Crafts-Reaktion der anellierten Dihalogencyclopropane 1-6 wird beschrieben. Mit Benzol ergeben 2b-5b die Phenylcycloalkene 7-9, mit Toluol werden Gemische der o-und p-Tolylcycloalkene 10-15 mit den 1,2-Ditolylcycloalkenen 16-18 und 20-22 erhalten. p-Xylol liefert mit 1a, 2a und b die anellierten Indene 23-25. Anisol ergibt die Benzofurane 26-30 über ein Primärprodukt, das in einem Falle als Bis(4-methoxyphenyl)cyclohepten 19 abgefangen werden kann.
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  • 55
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 154-164 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Cyclopropenone Chemistry, IX. Chemical and Photoelectron Spectroscopic Properties of Cyclopropyl-substituted CyclopropenonesBis(1-methylcyclopropyl)acetylene (1a) reacts with various dichlorocarbene reagents to give mixtures of acetylenic ketone 3a and cyclopropenone 4a, while dicyclopropylacetylene (1b) gives 10 in addition to 3b and 4b. 10 is formed by addition plus formal insertion into a C—C-bond by 2 moles of CCl2. Aliphatic alkynes of structures similar to 1a are much less reactive, only the dichlorocarbene of phase transfer catalysis leads to conversions to 12a and b, and 13a and b. - Cyclopropyl substituted Cyclopropenone 4b is thermally and hydrolytically more stable than di-phenylcyclopropenone, though less so than di-tert-butylcyclopropenone. Dipol moments and basicities of cyclopropenones are tabulated. The compounds carrying cyclopropyl groups are the most basic ones.Photoelectron spectra of some cyclopropenones were measured. The influence of substituents on the ionization potentials of n- and π-electrons is discussed.
    Notes: Bis(1-methylcyclopropyl)acetylen (1a) gibt mit verschiedenen Dichlorcarben-Reagenzien Gemische des acetylenischen Ketons 3a und des Cyclopropenons 4a, während Dicyclopropylacetylen (1b) neben den analog strukturierten Verbindungen 3b und 4b zusätzlich das Produkt 10 der Aufnahme von 2CCl2 (Addition und formale Einschiebung in eine C—C-Bindung) liefert. Ähnlich gebaute aliphatische Alkine sind weniger reaktiv, nur mit dem CCl2-Reagens der Phasentransfer-Katalyse werden nennenswerte Umsetzungen zu 12a und b sowie 13a und b erreicht. - In seiner thermischen und Hydrolysebeständigkeit liegt das cyclopropylsubstituierte Cyclopropenon 4b zwischen Diphenylcyclopropenon und dem sehr wenig reaktiven Di-tert-butylcyclopropenon. Dipolmomente und Basizitäten der Cyclopropenone werden zusammgefaßt; die cyclopropyl-tragenden Verbindungen sind die stärksten Basen.Die Photoelektronenspektren einiger Cyclopropenone wurden gemessen, der Substituenteneinfluß auf die Ionisationspotentiale der n- und π-Elektronen wird diskutiert.
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  • 56
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 199-207 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Vinyl Cations, 24. A [1,2]-Hydride Shift in the Solvolysis of Phenylvinyl Trifluoromethanesulfonates(E)- and (Z)-1-methyl-2-phenylvinyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (3E, 3Z) and 1-benzylvinyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (4) have been synthesized. Their products of solvolysis were identified and their rates of solvolysis determined in various 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol/water mixtures. Solvolysis of 3E and 3Z leads, besides other products, to ethyl phenyl ketone (9), demonstrating a [1,2]-hydride shift across the double bond in the initially formed vinyl cation 10. In the solvolysis of 4, a [1,2]-hydride shift towards the double bond has not been found.
    Notes: (E)- und (Z)-1-Methyl-2-phenylvinyl-trifluormethansulfonat (3E, 3Z) und 1-Benzylvinyl-trifluormethansulfonat (4) wurden dargestellt, ihre Solvolyseprodukte aufgeklärt und die Solvolyse-geschwindigkeiten in verschiedenen 2,2,2-Trifluorethanol/Wasser-Gemischen bestimmt. Bei der Solvolyse von 3E und 3Z entstand neben anderen Produkten Ethylphenylketon (9), wodurch im zunächst entstehenden Vinylkation 10 eine [1,2]-Hydridwanderung über die Doppelbindung hinweg nachgewiesen wurde. Eine [1,2]-Hydridverschiebung in Richtung auf die Doppelbindung konnte bei der Solvolyse von 4 nicht gefunden werden.
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  • 57
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 12-22 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Investigations on Metabolites of Microorganisms, XII. Michigazone, a New Phenoxazone Pigment from Streptomyces michiganensis  -  Structure Determination and SynthesisBy spectroscopic methods and chemical degradation michigazone has been shown to possess structure 7. 7 and some further related phenoxazones have been synthesized by the Kehrmann-method.
    Notes: Spektroskopische Untersuchungen und chemischer Abbau führten für Michigazon zur Konstitution 7. 7 und einige weitere bisher noch nicht beschriebene Phenoxazone wurden durch Kehrmann-Synthese dargestellt.
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  • 58
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 49-52 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Carbene Reactions, X. Ionic Intermediates in the Reaction of Trimethyl Orthoformate with Aryl IsocyanatesThe ion pair 2/3 is assumed to be the crucial intermediate in the reaction of trimethyl orthoformate with aryl isocyanates. The collapse of the ion pair to 4 is a fast subsequent reaction. The acid base reaction of the ion pair to the carbene 6 proceeds with a comparable rate. Methoxyl transfer of 2/3 to form 1 is considerably slower. Transalkylation of the ion pair to 8 has not been observed.
    Notes: Bei der Umsetzung von Orthoameisensäure-trimethylester mit Phenylisocyanat wird das Ionen-paar 2/3 als zentrale Zwischenstufe angenommen. Eine rasche Folgereaktion dieses Ionenpaares ist die Kombination zu 4. Vergleichbar schnell verläuft die Säure-Basen-Reaktion im Ionenpaar zum Carben 6. Eine Methoxyl-Übertragung aus 2/3 zu 1 ist erheblich langsamer. Die Umalkylierung zu 8 konnte nicht beobachtet werden.
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  • 59
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 96-106 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Reactions of Aldehydes and Ketones with the Makosza Dichlorocarbene ReagentPhase transfer-catalyzed reactions of aldehydes and ketones with trichloromethane and 50 per cent aqueous sodium hydroxide in the presence of benzyltriethylammonium chloride (BTEA) at low temperatures result in the formation of α-(trichloromethyl)carbinols 7; in the presence of dimethyl sulfate the corresponding methyl ethers 8 are obtained. At 56 ± 2°C the α-hydroxy-11, α-chloro- 12 and α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids 13 are formed. In this reaction the α-(trichloromethyl)carbinols 7 can be excluded as intermediates. An alternative reaction mechanism for the formation of 11, 12, and 13 is discussed, which involves direct addition of dichlorocarbene to the C=O double bond to form the dichlorooxiranes 5 followed by rearrangement and saponification.
    Notes: Aldehyde und Ketone reagieren mit Trichlormethan im Zweiphasensystem mit 50proz. wäßrigem Natriumhydroxid unter Phasentransfer-Katalyse durch Benzyltriethylammonium-chlorid (BTEA) (1) bei tiefer Temperatur zu α-(Trichlormethyl)carbinolen 7, in Gegenwart von Dimethylsulfat zu den entsprechenden Methylethern 8. Bei 56 ± 2°C entstehen α-Hydroxy- 11, α-Chlor- 12 und α,β-ungesättigte Carbonsäuren 13, wobei die α-(Trichlormethyl)carbinole 7 als Zwischen-stufen auszuschließen sind. Als Alternativmechanismus wird die direkte Addition von Dichlor-carben an die C=O-Doppelbindung zu Dichloroxiranen 5 und deren Umlagerung und Verseifung diskutiert.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 124-137 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis, Ring Cleavage Reactions, and Halogen/Lithium Exchange of 1-Bromo-1-fluorocyclopropanesThe synthesis of the bromofluorocyclopropanes 1-7 is described. Ring cleavage reactions with silver acetate, sodium malonate and phenolate yield the fluorine derivatives 9-12. With phenyl- or methyllithium the acetylenes 14a, b besides phenylallene (13) are obtained from 5. Selective bromine/lithium exchange of 8, 5, and 6 below -105°C with subsequent carboxylation and esterification affords the fluorocyclopropanecarboxylic esters 17, 19, and 21. At -90 to -100°C complex mixtures are obtained. 5, 6, 15, 19, and 21, separated as the isomers a and b, are assigned by detailed investigation of their 1H n. m. r. spectra. Particularly, the vicinal H-F coupling constants characteristically depend on the various cyclopropane substituents.
    Notes: Die Darstellung der Bromfluorcyclopropane 1-7 wird beschrieben. Ringöffnungsreaktionen mit Silberacetat, Natriummalonester und -phenolat ergeben die Fluorderivate 9-12. Mit Phenyl- bzw. Methyllithium werden aus 5 neben Phenylallen (13) die Acetylene 14a und b erhalten. Selektiver Brom/Lithium-Austausch von 8, 5 und 6 unterhalb -105°C ergibt nach Carboxylierung und Veresterung die Fluorcyclopropancarbonsäureester 17, 19 und 21. Bei -90 bis -100°C werden komplexe Gemische erhalten. Die in die jeweiligen Isomeren a und b getrennten 5,6,15,19 und 21 werden durch eingehende Untersuchung ihrer 1H-NMR-Spektren zugeordnet, wobei besonders die vicinalen H-F-Kopplungskonstanten charakteristisch von den anderen Substituenten am Cyclopropan abhängen.
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  • 61
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 181-198 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Aminobenzenes, XII. Alkylation of 1,3,5-Tripyrrolidinobenzene - Kinetics and MechanismUpon reaction of 1,3,5-tripyrrolidinobenzene (1) with alkyl iodides, stable σ complexes 2a-c are formed besides quaternary N-alkylammonium salts 3a-c. Both by the formal kinetics of the reaction and reactivity gradation CH3 ≥ C2H5 ≥ CH(CH3)2 (28.5:1.0:0.12), an SN2 mechanism is established for this first (rate limiting) step of electrophilic aromatic substitution. Likewise, activation parameters characteristic of a typical SN2 reaction are found for the methyl σ complex formation (2a). In the case of isopropyliodide, an SN1 process competes with bimolecular substitution. Benzyl halides, on the other hand, yield exclusively σ complexes (2e-k); the C-reaction proceeds solely by an SN2 mechanism independent of the p-substituent (OCH3 → NO2). The correlation of 1g k with Hammett's σ constants shows a non-linear relationship, with an alltogether small substituent dependency.
    Notes: Bei der Umsetzung von 1,3,5-Tripyrrolidinobenzol (1) mit Alkyliodiden werden neben N-Alkyl-ammoniumsalzen 3a-c isolierbare σ-Komplexe 2a-c gebildet. Für diesen ersten (geschwindigkeitsbestimmenden) Schritt der elektrophilen aromatischen Substitution ist sowohl durch die Formalkinetik wie durch die Reaktivitätsabstufung CH3 ≥ C2H5 ≥ CH(CH3)2 (28.5:1.0:0.12) ein SN2-Mechanismus gesichert. Die Aktivierungsparameter für die Bildung des Methyl-σ-Komplexes 2a sind ebenfalls charakteristisch für eine klassische SN2-Reaktion. Bei der Isopropylierung konkurriert ein SN1-Prozeß mit der bimolekularen Substitution. Benzylhalogenide dagegen geben ausschließlich C-Reaktion zu den σ-Komplexen 2e-k; dabei wird unabhängig vom p-Substituenten (OCH3 → NO2) nur SN2-Reaktion gefunden. Die Korrelation von 1g k mit Hammettschen σ-Konstanten zeigt einen nicht-linearen Verlauf (bei insgesamt nur geringer Substituentenabhängigkeit).
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 788-791 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 63
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 799-804 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Novel Phosphorus-Ylide Complexes of TungstenPentacarbonyl(diarylcarbene) complexes of tungsten 1a-f react with trimethylphosphine at low temperatures to form ylide complexes of the general type (CO)5 W[C(aryl)2 P(CH3)3] 2a-f. The structures of the diamagnetic, partly very thermolabile compounds were elucidated by 1H-, 13C- and 31P n.m.r. spectroscopy, and by elementary analyses.
    Notes: Pentacarbonyl(diarylcarben)-Komplexe von Wolfram 1a-f reagieren mit Trimethylphosphin bei tiefen Temperaturen unter Bildung von Ylidkomplexen des allgemeinen Typs (CO)5 W-[C(aryl)2 P(CH3)3] 2a-f. Die Konstitutionen der diamagnetischen, teilweise sehr thermolabilen Verbindungen wurden durch 1H-, 13C- und 31P-NMR-Spektren, sowie durch Elementaranalysen gesichert.
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  • 64
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 820-832 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Cycloaddition Reactions of Heterocumulenes, IX. 1:1-, 2:1-, and 3:1-Adducts from the Reaction of Isothiocyanates with 3-Dimethylamino-2,2-dimethyl-2H-azirineTreatment of the azirine 1 with the activated isothiocyanates 2a, b leads to 1,3-cleavage of the ring and formation of the dipoles 5, which can be characterized by hydrolysis, protonation and methylation to give 6-8. In the reaction of 1 with the sterically hindered alkyl isothiocyanates 2f-i the ring of 5 is split to form the carbodiimides 10. 10f-i hydrolyze via 5 to give the thioureas 11, from which 11f, g easily cyclize to yield the 2-thiohydantoins 12. Cycloaddition reactions of 10f lead to the heterocycles 14, 15, and 17. The alkyl isothiocyanates 2c-e react with 1, depending on the reaction conditions, to give the 3:1-adducts 14 or the dipolar 2:1-adducts 21. The hydrolysis of 21e leads to the thiazolinone 26 with the acyclic product 25 as intermediate.
    Notes: Die aktivierten Isothiocyanate 2a, b reagieren mit dem Azirin 1 unter öffnung der 1,3-Bindung zu den Dipolen 5, die sich durch Hydrolyse, Protonierung und Methylierung zu 6-8 charakterisieren lassen. Im Falle der sterisch gehinderten Alkylisothiocyanate 2f-i tritt Ringöffnung von 5 zu Carbodiimiden 10 ein. 10f-i hydrolysieren über 5 zu den Thioharnstoffen 11, die für 11f, g leicht zu den 2-Thiohydantoinen 12 cyclisieren. Cycloadditionsreaktionen mit 10f führen zu den Heterocyclen 14, 15 und 17. Die Alkylisothiocyanate 2c-e bilden mit 1 je nach den Reaktionsbedingungen die 3:1-Addukte 14 oder die dipolaren 2:1-Addukte 21. Die Hydrolyse von 21e führt über das ringoffene Produkt 25 zum Thiazolinon 26.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 852-866 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Generation of and Olefination with α-S-, -Se-, -Si-, and -Sn-perheterosubstituted (Trimethylsilyl)-methyllithium DerivativesThe Peterson-olefination reaction of equation (1) is used to prepare ketenedithio- 5, ketenediseleno acetals 8, trimethylsilyl- 11, 1,1-bis(trimethylsilyl)- 12, 1-alkylthio- and 1-arylthio-1-silyl- 16, as well as 1-alkylthio- and 1-arylthio-1-stannyl olefins 19 from the α-silyllithium compounds 4, 7b, 9, 10, 15, and 18, respectively. New or improved productive methods of generation of these olefinating reagents are described. The scope and limitations of the present olefinations are discussed.
    Notes: Mit der Peterson-Olefinierungsreaktion der Gl. (1) werden aus den α-Silyllithium-Verbindungen 4, 7b, 9, 10, 15 und 18 Ketendithio- 5 bzw. Ketendiselenoacetale 8, Trimethylsilyl- 11, 1,1-Bis(trimethylsilyl)- 12, 1-Alkylthio- und 1-Arylthio-1-silyl- 16, sowie 1-Alkylthio- und 1-Arylthio-1-stannylolefine 19 hergestellt. Für die Olefinierungsreagentien 7b, 9, 10, 15 und 18 werden neue oder verbesserte, ergiebige Erzeugungsmethoden beschrieben. Die Grenzen der Anwendbarkeit der Olefinierungsreaktionen werden diskutiert.
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Complex Chemistry of Reactive Organic Compounds, XIV. The Reactions of Aliphatic Diazo Compounds with the Tricarbonyl(cyclopentadienyl) Hydrides of Molybdenum and TungstenDepending on their constitution, aliphatic diazo compounds 3 behave differently in their reactions with tricarbonyl(cyclopentadienyl)hydridomolybdenum (1) and -tungsten (2). Diazomethane (3a), diazoethane (3b), and 2-diazopropane (3c) are stabilized as alkane diazo ligands in complexes of the type C5H5M(CO)2[N2CHR1R2] (M = Mo: 6; M = W: 7). Phenyl-, (4-nitrophenyl)-, (4-methoxyphenyl)diazomethane (3d, e, f), and 9-diazofluorene (3g) form in clean reactions the carbene insertion products C5H5M(CO)3CHR1R2 (M = Mo: 4; M = W: 5), whereas ω-diazoacetophenone (3h) and diazodimedone (3i) yield the binuclear diazo complexes C5H5M(CO)3-M(CO)2C5H5[N2 = CR1R2] (M = Mo: 9; M = W: 10). Diethyl diazomalonate (3h) is coordinated as an imino-amido ligand in the coordination compound 14 which arises from a 1,1-insertion of 3k into the polar tungsten-hydrogen bond of 2.
    Notes: In ihrer Reaktivität gegenüber Tricarbonyl(cyclopentadienyl)hydridomolybdän (1) und -wolfram (2) weisen Diazoalkane 3 starke konstitutionsbedingte Unterschiede auf: Diazomethan (3a), Diazoethan (3b) und 2-Diazopropan (3c) werden als Alkandiazo-Liganden in Komplexen vom Typ C5H5M(CO)2[N2CHR1R2] (M = Mo: 6; M = W: 7) stabilisiert; Phenyl-, (4-Nitrophenyl)-, (4-Methoxyphenyl)diazomethan (3d, e, f) sowie 9-Diazofluoren (3g) bilden in glatten Reaktionen die Carben-Insertionsprodukte C5H5M(CO)3CHR1R2 (M = Mo: 4; M = W: 5), während ω-Diazoacetophenon (3h) wie auch Diazodimedon (3i) die zweikernigen Diazoketon-Komplexe C5H5M(CO)3-M(CO)2C5H5[N2 = CR1R2] (M = Mo: 9; M = W: 10) ergeben. Diazomalonsäure-diethylester (3k) wird im Zuge einer zur Koordinationsverbindung 14 führenden 1,1-Insertion in die polare Wolfram-Wasserstoff-Bindung von 2 als Imino-amido-Ligand komplexiert.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 1042-1046 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Stable Mercury(I)-Sulfur Compounds, 3. Investigations on the Donor Capacity of Sulfur at the Mercury(I) IonNew mercury(I)-sulfur compounds have been prepared by reactions between mercury(I) nitrate, perchlorate or hexafluorosilicate solutions with methanol, water/benzene or water/methylene chloride solutions of the following sulfur donor ligands: 1,3-dithiolane, 2-phenyl-1,3-dithiolane, 2,2′-trimethylenebis(1,3-dithiolane), bis(benzylthio)methane, dibenzylsulfide. With mercury(I)-dinitrate, the products are the 1:1 adducts (1a), (4a), (6a), and (11a). With mercury(I)-perchlorate the 1:2 adducts (1b),(4b),(6b) or the 1:1 adducts (5b) and (11b) have been obtained. Dibenzylsulfide forms a 1:1 adduct (11c) with dimercury(I)-hexafluorosilicate.
    Notes: Neue Quecksilber(I)-Schwefel-Verbindungen wurden durch Umsetzung von Quecksilber(I)-nitrat, -perchlorat bzw. -hexafluorosilicat-Lösungen mit folgenden Schwefel-Donor-Liganden in methanolischen Lösungen bzw. im Zweiphasensystem wäßrige Lösung/Benzol oder Methylenchlorid hergestellt: 1,3-Dithiolan, 2-Phenyl-1,3-dithiolan, 2,2′-Trimethylenbis(1,3-dithiolan), Bis-(benzylthio)methan, Dibenzylsulfid. Mit Quecksilber(I)-nitrat werden 1:1-Addukte (1a), (4a), (6a) und (11a), mit Quecksilber(I)-perchlorat 1:2-Addukte (1b), (4b) und (6b) bzw. 1:1-Addukte (5b) und (11b) erhalten. Mit Diquecksilber(I)-hexafluorosilicat bildet das Dibenzylsulfid ein 1:1-Addukt (11c).
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 1063-1068 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Fungus Pigments, XXVIII. Hymenoquinone, the Red Pigment of Hymenochaete mougeotii (Poriales)The isolation and structural elucidation of hymenoquinone (1) and its leuco derivative 3 from fruiting bodies of H. mougeotii are reported.
    Notes: Aus Fruchtkörpern von H. mougeotii wurden das Styrylpyron Hymenochinon (1) und sein Leukoderivat 3 isoliert und in ihrer Konstitution aufgeklärt.
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  • 69
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 1069-1085 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Syntheses and Reactions of Thiacyclanone-1,1-dioxides with DiazoalkanesThiacyclanone-1,1-dioxides 1a-e, 9, 13, 15a react with diazomethane and diazoethane to give the enol ethers 2a-j, epoxides 4c, h, 10a, 14a, 17a, α-alkyl-β-ketosulfones 3d, e, j, and ring-enlarged ketosulfones 5h, i, 7h, 11b, 12b, 15b, 16b and 18a, depending on the size of the ring and the position of the carbonyl and sulfonyl group to each other. The enol ethers are easily hydrolysed with mineral acids forming the β-ketosulfones 1a-e. In the presence of lewis acids ethyl diazoacetate yields ethoxycarbonylmethoxy compounds 2k, I, and ring-enlarged β-ketoesters 5k-o, 7m, n, 15c, 16c, and 18c. Only the γ-ketosulfone 9 with ethyl diazoacetate gives, in addition to the ring-enlarged product 11c, the glycidic ester 10c. The β-ketoesters undergo hydrolysis and decarboxylation to the ketosulfones in very good yield. In the ring-expansion of ketosulfones with diazoethane and ethyl diazoacetate the preferred insertion of the diazo compound occurs between the C-3 and C-4 atoms.
    Notes: In Abhängigkeit von der Ringgliederzahl und der Lage von Carbonyl- und Sulfonylgruppe zueinander reagieren Thiacyclanon-1,1-dioxide 1a-e, 9, 13 und 15a mit Diazomethan bzw. -ethan zu Enolethern 2a-j, Epoxiden 4c, h, 10a, 14a, 17a, α-Alkyl-β-ketosulfonen 3d, e,j oder zu ringerweiterten Ketosulfonen 5h,i, 7h, 11b, 12b, 15b, 16b und 18a. Die Enolether spalten leicht mit Mineralsäure zurück zu den β-Ketosulfonen 1a-e. Mit Diazoessigester in Gegenwart von Lewis-Säuren entstehen die Ethoxycarbonylmethoxy-Verbindungen 2k, I bzw. die ringerweiterten β-Ketoester 5k-o, 7 m, n, 15c, 16c und 18c; lediglich das γ-Ketosulfon 9 gibt mit Diazoessigester neben dem Ringerweiterungsprodukt 11c den Glycidester 10c. Die β-Ketoester lassen sich in guten Ausbeuten zu den Ketosulfonen verseifend decarboxylieren. Bei den Ringerweiterungen der Ketosulfone mit Diazoethan und Diazoessigester ist eine bevorzugte Insertion des Diazoalkanrestes zwischen C-3 und C-4 festzustellen.
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  • 70
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Directed Synthesis of Sulfinato-O and -S Complexes of Some Transition Metals, XVII. The Coordination Chemical Behaviour of the Silver Sulfinates RSO2Ag towards TriphenylphosphineThe remarkably stable complexes of the type (RSO2)Ag(PPh3)n (n = 1 (2), 2 (3), 3 (4) are obtained by the stepwise addition of triphenylphosphine to the silver sulfinates RSO2Ag (1). According to the i. r. spectra, the compounds 2 (coordination number (cn) = 2) and 4 (cn = 4) contain a sulfinato-O linkage, in the compounds 3 (cn = 4), however, a sulfinato-O,O′ linkage is present. The bonding of the RSO2- ligand via “hard” oxygen to the “soft” silver(I) ion is due to its weak π-donor ability.
    Notes: Durch schrittweise Addition von Triphenylphosphin an die Silbersulfinate RSO2Ag (1) werden die bemerkenswert stabilen Komplexe des Typs (RSO2)Ag(PPh3)n (n = 1 (2), 2 (3), 3 (4) erhalten. Den IR-Spektren zufolge liegt in den Verbindungen 2 (Koordinationszahl (KZ) = 2) und 4 (KZ = 4) eine Sulfinato-O-, in den Verbindungen 3 (KZ = 4) dagegen eine Sulfinato-O,O′-Verknüpfung vor. Die Bindung des RSO2--Liganden über den „harten“ Sauerstoff an das „weiche“ Silber(I)-Ion ist auf dessen geringe π-Donorfähigkeit zurückzuführen.
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  • 71
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 1159-1166 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Twisted Oxalic Acid Derivatives The Crystal and Molecular Structure of N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethyloxamide and -monothiooxamideThe structures of the title compounds (2 and 3) have been determined from X-ray data, and refined to R = 0.065 (2) and 0.057 (3) respectively. 2 crystallizes in the space group C2/c, 3 in the space group P21/c. - In the crystal 2 exhibits a configuration in which the two halves of the molecule are twisted by 71.4°. This angle amounts to 87.4° in 3.
    Notes: Die Strukturen der Titelsubstanzen (2 und 3) wurden röntgenographisch bestimmt und bis zu R-Werten von 0.065 (2) bzw. 0.057 (3) verfeinert. 2 kristallisiert in der Raumgruppe C2/c, 3 in der Raumgruppe P21/c. - 2 liegt im Kristall in einer Konfiguration vor, bei der die beiden Molekülhälften um 71.4° gegeneinander verdrillt sind; bei 3 beträgt dieser Winkel 87.4°.
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  • 72
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 1167-1170 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Borabenzene Derivatives, X. Formation of Borinato Ligands from a 1-Bora-2,5-cyclohexadiene Derivative in Complexes of Manganese, Rhenium, and IronBorinato complexes LMn(CO)3, LRe(CO)3, and FeL2 (3-5), where L is the 4-methyl-1-phenylborinato ligand, are obtained by thermal reaction of 4,4-dimethyl-1-pheny-1-bora-2,5-cyclohexadiene (1) with Mn2 (CO)10 and Re2(CO)10 and by thermolysis of tricarbonyl(4,4-dimethyl-1-phenyl-1-bora-2,5-cyclohexadiene)iron (2).
    Notes: Borinato-Komplexe LMn(CO)3, LRe(CO)3 und FeL2 (3-5), wo L der 4-Methyl-1-phenylborinato-Ligand ist, werden durch thermische Reaktion von 4,4-Dimethyl-1-phenyl-1 bora-2,5-cyclohexadien (1) mit Mn2(CO)10 und Re2(CO)10 und durch Thermolyse von Tricarbonyl-(4,4-dimethyl-1-phenyl-1-bora-2,5-cyclohexadien)eisen (2) erhalten.
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  • 73
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 559-570 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: 1,3-Dipolar Cycloadditions, 80. C,C,Nα-Triaryl-Nβ-cyano-azomethine Imines and Acetylenic DipolarophilesC-(2,2′-Biphenylylene)-Nα-(4-chlorophenyl)-Nβ-cyano-azomethine imine combines with acetylene and its derivatives to give 3-pyrazolines. The acetylenic substituent appears in the adducts of 1-hexyne and phenylacetylene, respectively, in pyrazoline 3-position as demonstrated by spectroscopic data as well as by the structural connection with the styrene adduct. Propiolic, phenylpropiolic and acetylenedicarboxylic esters produce with 1 high yields of 3-pyrazoline-4-carboxylic esters which replace the cyano group by hydrogen on acid treatment and yield 2-pyrazoline-4-carboxylates. Benzyne is converted by 1 to 75% cycloadduct. The azomethine imine from diphenyldiazomethane and ethyl 4-nitrobenzeneazocarboxylate is not isolable, but can be captured in situ by dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate to give the cycloadduct.
    Notes: C-(2,2′-Biphenylylen)-N α-(4-chlorphenyl)-N β-cyan-azomethinimin (1) tritt mit Acetylen und seinen Derivaten zu 3-Pyrazolinen zusammen. In den Addukten des 1-Hexins und Phenylacetylens erscheint der acetylenische Substituent in 3-Stellung, wie spektroskopische Daten und die strukturelle Verknüpfung mit dem Styrol-Addukt lehren. Propiolsäureester, Phenylpropiolsäureester und Acetylendicarbonsäureester liefern mit 1 hohe Ausbeuten an 3-Pyrazolin-4-carbonsäureestern, die bei Säurebehandlung unter formalem Austausch von CN gegen H in 2-Pyrazolin-4-carbonsäureester übergehen. Benz-in vereinigt sich mit 1 zu 75% Cycloaddukt. Das nicht isolierbare Azomethin-imin aus Diphenyldiazomethan und 4-Nitrobenzolazocarbonsäureester ließ sich in situ mit Acetylendicarbonester als Cycloaddukt abfangen.
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  • 74
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: 1,3-Dipolar Cycloadditions, 82. Kinetics and Mechanism of the Cycloadditions of C-(2,2′-Biphenylylen)-Nα-(4-chlorphenyl)-Nβ-cyan-azomethinimine ImineThe cycloaddition rates of the title compound to 22 dipolarophiles in chlorobenzene was measured photometrically; the k2 values range over more than 4 powers of ten. Conjugation as well as electron-attracting and -releasing substitution in the ethylenic dipolarophile increase the activity. The azomethine imine 1 belongs to those 1,3-dipoles for which both HOMO-LUMO interactions with the dipolarophile influence the energy of the transition state to a comparable extent. The activity scale of dipolarophiles is compared with those which were measured versus N-methyl-C-phenylnitrone, diphenylnitrilimine and benzonitrile oxide. 1,3-Dipoles of the allyl type, in contrast to the ones of the propargyl-allenyl type, react especially fast with acetylenic carboxylic esters. - The activation entropies of the cycloadditions of 1 amount to -29 to -35 e. u. - With increasing solvent polarity the k2 values of the reaction of 1 with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate is reduced 6 fold. The dipole moments of reactants and adduct suggest a decrease of charge separation in the activation process of the concerted cycloaddition.
    Notes: Die Geschwindigkeit der Cycloadditionen der Titelverbindung an 22 Dipolarophile wurde in Chlorbenzol photometrisch gemessen; die k2-Werte überstreichen mehr als 4 Zehnerpotenzen. Konjugation sowie elektronen-anziehende oder -liefernde Substitution im ethylenischen Dipolarophil erhöhen die Aktivität. Das Azomethin-imin 1 gehört zu den 1,3-Dipolen, bei denen beide HOMO-LUMO-Wechselwirkungen in gleicher Größenordnung die Energie des Übergangszustandes der Cycloaddition beeinflussen. Die Aktivitätsskala der Dipolarophile wird mit denen, die gegenüber N-Methyl-C-phenylnitron, Diphenylnitrilimin und Benzonitriloxid gemessen wurden, verglichen. 1,3-Dipole vom Allyl-Typ reagieren im Gegensatz zu denen des Propargyl-Allenyl-Typs rascher mit Acetylencarbonestern als mit Ethylencarbonestern. - Aktivierungsentropien von -29 bis -35 Clausius wurden gemessen. - Mit steigender Solvenspolarität fällt der k2-Wert der Cycloaddition von 1 an Acetylendicarbonester um den Faktor 6; die Dipolmomente von Reaktanten und Addukt lassen eine Verminderung der Ladungstrennung im Aktivierungsvorgang der konzertierten Cycloaddition erwarten.
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  • 75
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 1206-1215 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Organometallic Lewis Bases, XXV. Phosphine Reactions of Heterodinuclear Complexes with Fe — Mo and Fe — W BondsThe complexes (CO)4Fe[μ-As(CH3)2]M(CO)2C5H5 (M = Mo, W) react with phosphines to form three different product types. These result from CO substitution on the iron atom, from cleavage of the metal-metal bond, or from a combination of both reactions. Investigations on the course of the reactions and independent syntheses of the products are reported.
    Notes: Die Komplexe (CO)4Fe[μ-As(CH3)2]M(CO)2C5H5 (M = Mo, W) reagieren mit Phosphinen zu drei verschiedenen Produkttypen. Diese resultieren aus einer CO-Substitution am Eisenatom, aus einer öffnung der Metall-Metall-Bindung oder aus einer Kombination beider Reaktionen. Untersuchungen zum Reaktionsverlauf und unabhängige Synthesen der Produkte werden beschrieben.
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  • 76
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 1216-1224 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Polynuclear Carbonyl Chalcogenides of RheniumThe reaction of [(CH3)3Sn]2S with (CO)5ReCl in a molar ratio of 1:2 does not yield the expected product S2Re4(CO)18. Instead, depending on the reaction conditions, S2Re3(CO)13Sn(CH3)3, S3Re6(CO)22, S4Re4(CO)12[Sn(CH3)3]4, S4Re8(CO)32, and further unidentified compounds are formed. With [(CH3)3Sn]2Se, however, the only stable product is Se2Re4(CO)18. The crystal structure of S2Re3(CO)13Sn(CH3)3 was determined. The role of this complex as an intermediate is discussed.
    Notes: Die Reaktion von [(CH3)3Sn]2S mit(CO)5 ReCl im Molverhältnis 1:2 liefert nicht das erwartete Produkt S2Re4(CO)18. Stattdessen werden je nach den Reaktionsbedingungen S2Re3(CO)1 3Sn(CH3)3, S3Re6(CO)22, S4Re4(CO)12[Sn(CH3)3]4, S4Re8(CO)32 und weitere unidentifizierte Verbindungen gebildet. Mit [(CH3)3Sn]2Se entsteht dagegen als stabiles Produkt nur Se2Re4(CO)18. Die Kristallstruktur von S2Re3(CO)13Sn(CH3)3 wurde bestimmt. Die Rolle dieses Komplexes als Zwischenstufe wird diskutiert.
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  • 77
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 1246-1253 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The Rotational Isomerism of Biisopropyl 1H N. M. R. Spectroscopic Investigation of 1,1,1,4,4,4-Hexadeuterio-2,3-bis(trideuteriomethyl)butaneThe conformational equilibrium in liquid biisopropyl was investigated by measuring the temperature-dependence of the vicinal coupling constant between the methine protons in 2,3-di[D3]-methyl-[1,1,1,4,4,4-D6]butane (3a) as a model compound. The change of 〈3 JHH〉 as a function of temperature shows a small stabilization of the gauche-conformer compared to the anti-conformer, which was found to be ca. 85 cal/mol by using 1H n. m. r. parameters for the pure conformers and various Karplus equations. The change of the relative stabilities of the rotamers by going from the gaseous to the liquid phase is explained on the basis of intermolecular dipolar interactions in the liquid state. The small difference in energy between the two conformers is discussed in comparison to bicyclopropyl, n-butane, and 2-methylbutane.
    Notes: Zur Untersuchung des Konformerengleichgewichtes im flüssigen Biisopropyl wurde die Temperaturabhängigkeit der vicinalen Kopplungskonstante zwischen den Methinprotonen an 2,3-Di[D3]-methyl-[1,1,1,4,4,4-D6]butan (3a) als Modellverbindung gemessen. Der Temperaturverlauf von 〈3 JHH〉 zeigt eine geringe Stabilisierung der gauche- gegenüber der anti-Form, die unter Verwendung verschiedener aus Karplus-Gleichungen ermittelter Endparameter zu ca. 85 cal/mol bestimmt wurde. Die Umkehrung der relativen Stabilität der Konformeren beim übergang von der Gasphase zur Flüssigkeit wird durch intermolekulare Dipol-Wechselwirkungen in der Flüssigkeit erklärt. Die annähernde Energiegleichheit der beiden Rotameren wird mit dem Verhalten von Bicyclopropyl, n-Butan und 2-Methylbutan verglichen.
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  • 78
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Reaction of Vinylogous Formamidinium Salts with Nucleophiles, III. On the Reduction of Polymethinium Salts with Sodium Tetrahydroborate. A Method for the Synthesis of Substituted 1,3-DiaminopropanesThe action of sodium tetrahydroborate in excess on polymethinium salts proceeds by reduction of the double bonds of the iminium and enamine groups. Numerous substituted 1,3-diaminopropanes (4a-q) were prepared by boranate reduction of trimethinium perchlorates 3a-k and vinylogous formamidines 51-q.
    Notes: Die Einwirkung von überschüssigem Natriumtetrahydroborat auf Polymethiniumsalze verläuft unter Reduktion der Iminium- und der Enamin-Doppelbindung. Substituierte 1,3-Diaminopropane (4a-q) werden durch die Boranatreduktion der Trimethiniumsalze 3a-k und der vinylogen Formamidine 51-q dargestellt.
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  • 79
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Free Radical Additions, V. Addition of Bromomalononitrile to Alkines. Synthesis and Structure of (E)-3,4-Diphenyl-1,3,5-hexa-triene-1,1,6,6-tetracarbonitrileBromomalononitrile reacts with phenylacetylene under irradiation to yield (E)-3,4-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene-1,1,6,6-tetracarbonitrile (4). The structures of 4 and the bromo derivative 4a were confirmed by X-Ray analysis (4, R = 0.087; 4a, R = 0.057). The triene system in both molecules is non-planar, larger deviations from planarity are observed in 4 relative to 4a. Intermolecular interactions between C≡N groups in four neighbouring molecules cause the unit-cell of 4 to display a high symmetry.  -  The preparation of 4 by an alternative route showed that 4,5-di-phenyl-3,5-cyclohexadiene-1,1,2,2-tetracarbonitrile (3) probably undergoes rapid valence isomerization to 4 on heating whereas the equilibrium for the thermal electrocyclic reaction lies on the cyclohexadiene side in other cases.  -  Light induced reactions of bromomalononitrile with 1-hexine yield the E/Z addition products in the ratio 2:1. The stereoselectivity of the addition reaction is kinetically controlled.
    Notes: Brommalononitril reagiert mit Phenylacetylen unter Belichtung zu (E)-3,4-Diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatrien-1,1,6,6-tetracarbonitril (4). Die Strukturen von 4 und dem Bromderivat 4a wurden durch Röntgenstrukturanalysen bestätigt (4, R = 0.087; 4a, R = 0.057). Das Triensystem ist in beiden Molekülen nicht eben, die Abweichung von der Koplanarität ist in 4 größer als in 4a. Intermolekulare Wechselwirkungen zwischen C≡N-Gruppen in vier benachbarten Molekülen sind entscheidend für die hohe Symmetrie des Kristallgitters von 4. - Bei der Darstellung von 4 auf anderem Wege zeigte sich, daß 4,5-Diphenyl-3,5-cyclohexadien-1,1,2,2-tetracarbonitril (3) in der Wärme wahrscheinlich rasche Valenzisomerisierung zu 4 gibt, während in anderen Fällen das Gleichgewicht der thermischen elektrocyclischen Reaktion auf der Cyclohexadien-Seite liegt. Lichtinduzierte Reaktion von Brommalononitril mit 1-Hexin liefert die E/Z-Additionsprodukte im Verhältnis 2:1. Die Stereoselektivität der Additionsreaktion wird kinetisch kontrolliert.
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  • 80
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 1321-1329 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Naturally Occurring Terpene Derivatives, 82. Constituents from Representatives of the Eupatorium GroupIsolation of the constituents of seven further species of the Eupatorium group yields besides already known compounds two new chromenes (5 and 6), two new sesquiterpenes (19 and 26) as well as two new diterpenes (14 and 21); their structures are elucidated mainly by spectroscopic methods.
    Notes: Die Isolierung der Inhaltsstoffe aus sieben weiteren Arten der Eupatorium-Gruppe ergab neben bereits bekannten Verbindungen zwei neue Chromene (5 und 6), zwei neue Sesquiterpene (19 und 26) sowie zwei neue Diterpene (14 und 21), deren Konstitutionen vor allem durch spektro-skopische Methoden geklärt werden.
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  • 81
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 1356-1363 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Reaction of 2-Benzoyl-3-chloro-1-benzothiophene-1,1-dioxide with Sulfur Compounds2-Benzoyl-3-chloro-1-benzothiophene-1,1-dioxide (1a) reacts with sodium dithiocarbamates 4a-e to give the dithiocarbamic acid esters 5a-e, with potassium O-ethyl dithiocarbonate to give the ester 6, and with some thioureas to form the six-membered heterocycles 8 and 11. The sodium salts of benzene- or 4-toluenesulfinic acid and thiophenol react with 1a to form the sulfones 1i, j and the sulfide 1k. The alkaline hydrolysis of 5a-d yields 1e, that of 5e yields the mercapto derivative 1d. Hydrolysis of 8 with triethylamine or KOH gives the nitrile 9 or 1d.
    Notes: 2-Benzoyl-3-chlor-1-benzothiophen-1,1-dioxid (1a) reagiert mit Natrium-dithiocarbamaten 4a-e zu den Dithiocarbamidsäureestern 5a-e, mit Kalium-O-ethyldithiocarbonat zum Ester 6 und mit Thioharnstoffen zu den Sechsringheterocyclen 8 und 11. Die Na-Salze von Benzol- und 4-Toluolsulfinsäure sowie Thiophenol setzen sich mit 1a zu den Sulfonen li, j sowie zum Sulfid 1k um. Die alkalische Hydrolyse von 5a-d führt zu 1e, diejenige von 5e zur Mercaptoverbindung 1d. 8 wird mit Triethylamin bzw. mit KOH zu dem Nitril 9 bzw. zu 1d hydrolysiert.
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  • 82
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Theoretical and Spectroscopical Investigations of Indigo Dyes, XVII. Preparation and Crystal Structure of 2,2,5,5-Tetramethyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-b]thio-phene-3,6-dione, a Basic Chromophoric System of Thioindigo Dyes with trans-s-trans-s-trans-Configuration of the Carbonyl GroupsThe tetrasubstituted 3,6-octanedione 14 reacts with sodium sulfide to yield the thienothiophene derivative 16, the first compound containing the basic chromophoric system of the thioindigo dyes with trans-s-trans-s-trans-configuration of the carbonyl groups. This compound is also available by oxidative dimerization of the thietanone 26 involving a molecular rearrangement of the thietane skeleton.  -  The crystal structure of 16 was determined by X-ray analysis (R = 0.064).
    Notes: Das tetrasubstituierte 3,6-Octandion 14 reagiert mit Natriumsulfid zum Thienothiophen-Derivat 16, dem ersten Thioindigo-Grundchromophorsystem mit trans-s-trans-s-trans-Konfiguration der Carbonylgruppen. Diese Verbindung ist auch durch oxidative Dimerisierung des Thietanons 26 zugänglich, wobei Gerüstumlagerung eintritt.  -  Die Kristallstruktur von 16 wurde durch Röntgenanalyse bestimmt (R-Faktor von 0.064).
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 1382-1402 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Cyclic Cross-Conjugated Bond Systems, 31. The Vinylogous Pentafulvalene Synthesis, Twelve-Electron Cyclisation, CycloadditionsThe synthesis of the vinylogous pentafulvalene 1 (1,2-biscyclopentadienylideneethane, 6,6′-bifulvenyl, pentafulvadiene) is described. In solution, 1 is inert towards photoexcitation but cyclizes thermally rapidly and quantitatively (Ea = 20 ± 0.4 kcal/mole, lg A = 11.3 ± 0.3; ΔH≠ = 19.4 ± 0.4 kcal/mole; ΔS≠ = -9 ± 1 e. u.) to trans-8a,8b-dihydro-as-indacene (8). The stereochemistry in 8 and consequently the conrotatory nature of this electrocyclic process  -  probable for steric reasons and with twelve participating bonding electrons symmetry-allowed  -  has been established by the vicinal coupling constants in the unsymmetrical derivatives 19 (J8,9 = 12.7 Hz) and 23 (J10,11 = 11.7 Hz) and finally by proving the C2-symmetry in the symmetrical bisadduct 21 with the help of a chiral shift reagent. 8 is photolabile and on direct excitation is cleanly isomerized back to 1. With reactive dienophiles 1 and 8 yield [4 + 2]-addition products (15-17; 19, 21); a [π2s + π10a]-type addition hoped for 8 (e. g. to 18) cannot be verified.
    Notes: Die Synthese des vinylogen Pentafulvalens 1 (1,2-Biscyclopentadienylidenethan, 6,6′-Bifulvenyl, Pentafulvadien) wird beschrieben. Es ist photochemisch inert und cyclisiert thermisch rasch und quantitativ (Ea = 20 ± 0.4 kcal/mol; lg A = 11.3 ± 0.3; ΔH≠ = 19.4 ± 0.4 kcal/mol; ΔS≠ = -9 ± 1 e. u.) zu trans-8a,8b-Dihydro-as-indacen (8). Die Stereochemie von 8 und mithin der aus sterischen Gründen ohnedies wahrscheinliche, bei Beteiligung von 12 Elektronen symmetrieerlaubte konrotatorische Verlauf dieses elektrocyclischen Prozesses wird durch Vicinalkopplungen in den unsymmetrischen Folgeprodukten 19 (J8,9 = 12.7 Hz) und 23 (J10,11 = 11.7 Hz) und letztlich durch Nachweis der C2-Symmetrie im Bisaddukt 21 mit Hilfe eines chiralen Shiftreagenzes bewiesen. 8 öffnet bei der direkten Lichtanregung einheitlich zu 1. 1 und 8 gehen mit reaktionsfähigen Dienophilen [4+2]-Addition (15-17; 19, 21) ein; eine bei 8 angestrebte [π2s + π10a]-Addition (z. B. zu 18) ist nicht erreichbar.
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  • 84
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 1462-1469 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Mannich Reaction at 2-Amino-3,7-dihydropyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-one, the Chromophore of the Ribonucleoside “Q”2-Amino-3,7-dihydropyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-one (6a) reacts with dimethylamine and cyclopentylamine in the presence of formaldehyde to form the Mannich bases 6c and d. From 6c the amine moiety was split off on hydrogenation under pressure. The degradation product was identical with 2-amino-6-methyl-3,7-dihydropyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-one (6b), which was obtained by unambiguous synthesis. This shows that in contrast to 3,7-dihydropyrrolo[2,3-d]-pyrimidin-4-one, Mannich reaction involving 6a leads to substitution at C-6.
    Notes: 2-Amino-3,7-dihydropyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-on (6a) reagiert mit Dimethylamin und Cyclo-pentylamin in Gegenwart von Formaldehyd zu den Mannich-Basen 6c und d. Aus 6c ließ sich durch Druckhydrierung das Amin abspalten. Das Abbauprodukt war identisch mit 2-Amino-6-methyl-3,7-dihydropyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-on (6b), das auf eindeutigem Syntheseweg erhalten worden war. Damit wird gezeigt, daß die Mannich-Reaktion bei 6a im Gegensatz zu 3,7-Dihydropyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-on zur Substitution an C-6 führt.
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  • 85
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 1484-1491 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Tetrakisthiobutatrienes from Perchlorobutenyne and ThiolatesAs expected perchlorobutenyne (1) reacts with thiolates in ether or dioxane at room temperature to give the enyne sulfides 2. In DMSO the tetrakisthiobutatrienes 4 are formed via 2. In this way mixed-substituted products like 4h may be prepared. Compounds 4 are also available from perchlorobutatriene (6) and thiolates, in DMSO, as shown for the formation of 4a and 4e. The structure of the new butatriene derivatives 4 is confirmed by 13C n.m.r. spectra.
    Notes: Die Reaktion von Perchlorbutenin (1) mit Thiolaten in Ether oder Dioxan bei Raumtemperatur führt erwartungsgemäß zu den Eninthioethern 2. In DMSO entstehen jedoch über 2 die Tetrakisthiobutatriene 4. Auf diese Weise sind auch gemischt-substituierte Produkte wie 4h erhältlich. Die Butatriene 4 können auch aus Perchlorbutatrien (6) mit Thiolaten in DMSO hergestellt werden, wie für 4a und 4e gezeigt wurde. Die Konstitution der neuen Butatrienderivate 4 geht einwandfrei aus ihren 13C-NMR-Spektren hervor.
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  • 86
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis, Constitution, and X-ray Analysis of 4,4-Bis(1,1-dimethoxy-2,6-diphenyl-λ5-phosphorin-4-ylmethyl)-1-methoxy-1-oxo-2,6-diphenyl-1,4-dihydro-λ5-phosphorinOn experiments to synthesize the carbene 1 or a subsequent product of it by deprotonation of 1,1-dimethoxy-2,6-diphenyl-λ5-phosphorin-4-ylcarbenium tetrafluoroborate (2) with ethyldiiso-propylamine, we isolated bis(1,1-dimethoxy-2,6-diphenyl-λ5-phosphorin-4-yl)methane (6) and another compound, formed from 3 mols of 2. Its constitution as the title compound 9 could be determined only by X-ray analysis. 6 and 9 are formed by addition-elimination in analogy to an aromatic electrophilic substitution: the primary addition product is stabilized by splitting off in case 6 of CH2NR2⊕ (from 5), in case 9 of CH3⊕ (from 7).
    Notes: Der Versuch, 1,1-Dimethoxy-2,6-diphenyl-λ5-phosphorin-4-ylcarbenium-tetrafluoroborat (2) mittels Ethyldiisopropylamin zum Carben 1 oder dessen Folgeprodukte zu deprotonieren, führte zu Bis(1,1-dimethoxy-2,6-diphenyl-λ5-phosphorin-4-yl)methan (6) und einer weiteren, aus 3 mol 2 entstandenen Verbindung. Ihre Konstitution konnte nur durch eine Röntgenstrukturanalyse als die Titelverbindung 9 erkannt werden. 6 und 9 entstehen durch Addition-Elimination analog einer aromatischen elektrophilen Substitution: das primär gebildete Additionsprodukt stabilisiert sich durch Abspaltung bei 6 von CH2NR2⊕ (aus 5), bei 9 von CH3⊕ (aus 7).
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  • 87
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Studies on Seven-Membered Ring Systems, XV. Organolithium Derivatives of the Conformationally Rigid Tetraphenyltribenzocycloheptariene (1,2,3,4-Tetraphenyl-9H-tribenzo[a,c,e]cycloheptene)Quasi-axial substituents (e. g. hydrogen and chlorine) at C-9 of 1,2,3,4-tetraphenyl-9H-tribenzo-[a,c,e]cycloheptene (1) are easily exchanged with formation of quasi-axial organometallic compounds. Only in the case of the 9-lithio-9-methyl derivative 17 an equilibrium 17A ⇄ 17B between a quasi-equatorial and a quasi-axial lithium compound was found. Various stereospecific reactions of the new organometallics are reported and the reactivity differences of conformational origin are discussed.
    Notes: Quasi-axiale Substituenten (z. B. Wasserstoff und Chlor) am C-9 von 1,2,3,4-Tetraphenyl-9H-tribenzo[a,c,e]cyclohepten (1) werden leicht unter Bildung quasi-axialer Organometall-Verbindungen ausgetauscht. Lediglich im Fall des 9-Lithio-9-methyl-Derivates 17 konnte ein Gleichgewicht 17A ⇄ 17B zwischen einer quasi-äquatorialen und einer quasi-axialen Lithium-Verbindung nachgewiesen werden. Zahlreiche stereospezifisch verlaufende Abwandlungen der neuen Organometalle werden beschrieben und die konformativ bedingten Reaktivitätsunterschiede diskutiert.
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  • 88
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 1564-1575 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Formation, Separation, and Assignment of Diastereomeric CCl2-Bisadducts to DiolefinsMeso- and d,l-forms of CCl2-bisadducts to diolefins 1-7 and 9 are separated and mostly assigned. Partial resolution of 1b-enantiomers as well as dipole moments and high resolution 1H n.m.r. spectra provide structural assignment. Tricyclic bisadducts 12 and 14 are obtained exclusively anti, 16, however, syn.
    Notes: Die meso- und d,l-Diastereomeren der CCl2-Bis-Addukte an Diolefine 1-7 und 9 werden getrennt und weitgehend zugeordnet. Partielle Enantiomerentrennung von 1b beweist die Zuordnung, die jedoch auch durch Messung der Dipolmomente und durch hochaufgelöste 1H-NMR-Spektren getroffen werden kann. Die tricyclischen Bis-Addukte 12 und 14 entstehen ausschließlich in der anti-. 16 dagegen in der syn-Form.
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  • 89
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 1586-1593 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Photochemical Isomerization of DibenzohomobarreleneDibenzohomobarrelene (4) was synthesized. Direct irradiation forms through aryl-aryl bridging the di-π-methan rearrangement product 5 and the fluorene 6 which might be formed via the carbene 11. A deuterium effect kH/kD = 4.8 was observed in the formation of 6 when partially deuterated 4 was irradiated.
    Notes: Dibenzohomobarrelen (4) wurde synthetisiert. Durch direkte Anregung mit Licht erhält man über eine Aryl-Aryl-Bindung ein Di-π-methan-Umlagerungsprodukt 5 und das Fluoren 6, das vermutlich über das Carben 11 gebildet wurde. Bei der Bestrahlung von partiell deuteriertem 4 wurde ein Deuteriumeffekt kH/kD = 4.8 bei der Bildung von 6 beobachtet.
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  • 90
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 1603-1605 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 91
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 1611-1614 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Preparation of Hydroxysulfonic Acid Dimethylamides2-Hydroxy-N,N-dimethyl-1-sulfonamides (1, 7, 8, 10) are prepared by treatment of ketones with the α-carbanion of N,N-dimethylmethanesulfonamide, 3-hydroxy-N,N-dimethyl-1-sulfonamides (2, 3, 5) can be obtained by hydroxyalkylation of this reagent with oxiranes.
    Notes: 2-Hydroxysulfonsäure-dimethylamide (1, 7, 8, 10) lassen sich durch Umsetzung von Ketonen mit dem α-Carbanion des Methansulfonsäure-dimethylamids darstellen, 3-Hydroxysulfonsäure-dimethylamide (2, 3, 5) können durch nucleophile Öffnung von Oxiranen mit diesem Reagenz erhalten werden.
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  • 92
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 1095-1100 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Aliphatic Azo Compounds, VII. The Thermolysis of 9-Azo-cis- and 9-Azo-trans-decalinThe title compounds decompose between 180 and 200°C with identical activation parameters at almost the same rate. It is therefore assumed, that the transition states of these thermolysis reactions have still tetrahedral geometry at the developing radical centers at C-9. The product yields are the same from both azo compounds. This confirms the assumption made previously in the literature that the 9-decalyl radicals initially generated undergo a fast conformational change.
    Notes: Die Thermolyse der Titelverbindungen erfolgt zwischen 180 und 200°C mit gleicher Aktivierungs-enthalpie und -entropie und fast gleicher Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit. Es wird daher angenommen, daß die Übergangszustände der beiden Thermolysereaktionen am entstehenden Radikalzentrum noch tetraedische Geometrie besitzen. Die identische Produktverteilung der beiden Thermolysereaktionen bestätigt die bereits früher in der Literatur angenommene schnelle konformative Umwandlung der primär entstehenden Radikale.
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  • 93
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 1086-1094 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies on Boron Compounds, XII. 1H-, 11B-, 13C-, and 14N-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies on Alkinylboranesπ-Back bonding of the CC-triple bond to boron accounts for δ11 B and δ13C of alkinylboranes (1 - 20, tables 1, 2). δs14 N-data support this interpretation. The diamagnetic anisotropy of the CC-triple bond is responsible for an additional high field shift of δ11B compared with those of alkenylboranes. - The magnitude and sign of the coupling constant 1J(13C11 B) in (C2H5)2 N - B-(C≡CH)2 has been determinded by means of double resonance measurements 1H{11B}. δ1 H of the ethinylic protons depends on anisotropic and mesomeric effects.
    Notes: δ11 B- und δ13C-Werte von Alkinylboranen (1-20, Tab. 1, 2) legen eine π-Rückbindung der CC-Dreifachbindung zum Bor-Atom nahe. δ14 N-Daten stützen diese Interpretation. δ11 B ist infolge des Anisotropieeffektes der benachbarten Dreifachbindung stärker hochfeldverschoben als in Alkenylboranen. - Größe und Vorzeichen der Kopplungskonstante 1J (13C11B) in (C2H5)2N - B(C≡CH)2 wurden mit Hilfe von Doppelresonanzmessungen 1H{11B} bestimmt. δ1 H der Ethinylprotonen wird vom Anisotropieeffekt und vom mesomeren Effekt kontrolliert.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 1691-1698 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Heterocyclizations, XVII. s-Triazolo[1,2-a]-s-triazolesThe title compounds 4 are prepared 1. by cyclocondensation of the urazoles (1,2,4-triazolidine-3,5-diones) 1a-c with isocyanates, 2. by insertion of carbonyle into the 1-carbamoylurazoles 1n-v, using phosgene or N,N′-carbonyldiimidazole (2), 3. by thermolysis of 1a, b, d with 2 in situ. The unsymmetric compound 4f is readily converted into the symmetric 4a via exchange of isocyanate. In contrast, 1a, b react with acyl isothiocyanates to give the 1,3,4-thiadiazolo[3,4-a][1,2,4]-triazoles 3, a novel ring system.
    Notes: Die Titelverbindungen 4 werden 1. durch Cyclokondensation der Urazole (1,2,4-Triazolidin-3,5-dione) 1a-c mit Isocyanaten, 2. durch Carbonyl-Insertion in die 1-Carbamoylurazole 1n-v mittels Phosgen oder N,N′-Carbonyldiimidazol (2), 3. durch Thermolyse von 1a, b, d mit 2 in situ dargestellt. Das unsymmetrische 4f tauscht leicht Isocyanat aus und geht in das symmetrische 4a über. Dagegen reagieren 1a, b mit Acylisothiocyanaten zu den 1,3,4-Thiadiazolo[3,4-a][1,2,4]-triazolen 3, einem neuen Ringsystem.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 1744-1747 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On the Photochemistry of Two Tribenzo-(CH)12-Valence IsomersA new synthesis of the tribenzo[12]annulene 1 and the photochemical transformations of 1 and of its valence isomer 2 are described. A reaction mechanism is proposed.
    Notes: Eine neue Synthese des Tribenzo[12]annulens 1 und die photochemischen Umwandlungen von 1 und seines Valenzisomeren 2 werden beschrieben. Ein Reaktionsmechanismus wird vorgeschlagen.
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  • 96
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 1699-1715 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Photochemistry of Heterocycles, 5. The Photolysis and Thermolysis of 4-Aryl-1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-dionesPhotolysis of the 4-aryl-1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-diones 1a-c (R-TAD) (pyrex, λ 〉 313 nm) produces nitrogen, carbon monoxide, and aryl isocyanates (2a-c). In aliphatic ethers thermal and photochemical substitution occurs at the α-C-atom (4a-c); in anisole photoarylation takes place in p-position (5). 4-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl- (1c) and 4-(4-nitrophenyl)-TAD (1d) afford in benzene the arylation products 7c, d. In the presence of tert-butyl hypochlorite 1d reacts with benzene to form the chlorinated 2 + 2 → 4-cycloadduct 9. The thermal conversion of 1a into the s-triazolo-[1,2-a]-s-triazole 6a (Stollé) which takes place below the decomposition temperature of 1a, is assumed to proceed via a radical chain reaction, initiated by disproportionation of 4-phenyl-urazole (8a) with 1a into two molecules 4-phenylurazolyl (12a). In pyridine/water 1a is hydrolyzed to give 4-phenylurazole-1-carboxanilide (15). The mechanisms of both photolysis and thermolysis are discussed.  -  I. r., 1H-n. m. r., 13C-n. m. r., (9), and e. s. r. data (12a) are described.
    Notes: Die 4-Aryl-1,2,4-triazolin-3,5-dione 1a-c (R-TAD) zerfallen bei UV-Bestrahlung (Pyrex, λ 〉 313 nm) in Stickstoff, Kohlenmonoxid und Arylisocyanate (2a-c). In aliphatischen Ethern findet eine thermische wie photochemische Substitution am α-C-Atom statt (4a-c); in Anisol erfolgt Photoarylierung in p-Stellung (5). Die 4-(3,4-Dichlorphenyl)- (1c) und 4-(4-Nitrophenyl)-TAD (1d) bilden in Benzol die Photoarylierungsprodukte 7c, d. Bei Anwesenheit von tert-Butylhypochlorit reagiert 1d mit Benzol photochemisch zum chlorierten 2 + 2 → 4-Cycloaddukt 9. Die bereits unterhalb der Zersetzungstemperatur einsetzende Zersetzung von 1a zum s-Triazolo[1,2-a]-s-triazol 6a (Stollé) ist als radikalische Kettenreaktion aufzufassen, die durch 4-Phenylurazol (8a) unter Disproportionierung mit 1a zu zwei Molekülen 4-Phenylurazolyl (12a) initiiert wird. In Pyridin/Wasser wird 1a zu 4-Phenylurazol-1-carboxanilid (15) hydrolysiert. Die Photo- und Thermolyse-Mechanismen werden diskutiert.  -  IR-, 1H-NMR- und 13C-NMR-(9) sowie ESR-Daten (12a) werden beschrieben.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 1823-1832 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Stereospecific Synthesis of cis-/trans-Substituted 1-Alkenylcyclopentanes and -cyclopentenesSynthesis of cis-/trans-substituted 1-alkenylcyclopentanes (11/11a, 12/12a, 13/13a) and -cyclopentenes (17/17a) via stereospecific ring-opening of 2,2-dibromocyclobutanones (7, 5) is described. The geminal dibromide as a functional group in the compounds 8/8a, 6/6a allows selective reactions, which can be used for the aimed synthesis of 1,2-disubstituted five-membered ring systems.
    Notes: Eine Synthese von cis-/trans-substituierten 1-Alkenylcyclopentanen (11/11a, 12/12a, 13/13a) und-cyclopentenen (17/17a) durch stereospezifische Ringöffnung von 2,2-Dibromcyclobutanonen (7, 5) wird beschrieben. Das geminale Dibromid als funktionelle Gruppe in 8/8a, 6/6a gestattet selektive Reaktionen, die zum gezielten Aufbau von 1,2-disubstituierten Fünfringsystemen präparativ genutzt werden können.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 1759-1762 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Naturally Occurring Terpene Derivatives, 94. New Furanoeremophilanes from Ligularia vorobierii Worosh.L. vorobierii contains besides already known five new furanoeremophilane derivatives (5 and 7-10). Their structures have been elucidated by spectroscopic methods. The constituents show again a close relationship to the neighbouring genus Senecio.
    Notes: L. vorobierii enthält neben bereits bekannten fünf neue Furanoeremophilan-Derivate (5 und 7-10), deren Konstitutionen durch spektroskopische Methoden geklärt werden. Die Inhaltsstoffe zeigen erneut eine enge Verwandtschaft zu der Nachbargattung Senecio.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 1254-1258 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Stereospecific Insertion Reaction of Acetylenes into the P—H Bond of C5H5(CO)2MnP(Ph)H2Dicarbonyl(cyclopentadienyl)(phenylphosphine)manganese, C5H5(CO)2MnP(Ph)H2 (1), reacts with acetylene to give phenylvinylphosphine complexes 2. The insertion of the triple bond is stereo-specific: In a trans addition phenylacetylene gives C5H5(CO)2MnP(Ph)(H)CH=C(H)Ph (2a) as the sole product; the phenyl group and the phosphorus atom occupy mutual cis positions at the vinyl group. Diphenylacetylene reacts to give C5H5(CO)2MnP(Ph)(H)C(Ph)=C(H)Ph (2b), which, according to an X-ray structure analysis, contains a trans-diphenylvinyl group. The dialkine Me2Si(C≡CH)2, on boiling in THF, inserts only one alkine group to give C5H5(CO)2MnP(Ph)(H)C(H)=C(H)-SiMe2C≡CH (2c). Ring closure by insertion of the second alkine group is not observed under these conditions.
    Notes: Dicarbonyl(cyclopentadienyl)(phenylphosphin)mangan, C5H5(CO)2MnP(Ph)H2 (1), läßt sich mit Acetylenen zu Phenylvinylphosphin-Komplexen 2, umsetzen. Die Einschiebung der Acetylene erfolgt stereospezifisch: Mit Phenylacetylen entsteht durch trans-Addition ausschließlich C5H5(CO)2MnP(Ph)(H)CH=C(H)Ph (2a), in dem die Phenylgruppe und das Phosphoratom cis-ständig an die Vinylgruppe gebunden sind. Mit Diphenylacetylen bildet sich C5H5(CO)2-MnP(Ph)(H)C(Ph)=C(H)Ph (2b), das, nach den Ergebnissen einer Röntgenstrukturanalyse, eine trans-Diphenylvinyl-Gruppierung enthält. Das Dialkin Me2Si(C≡CH)2 setzt sich mit 1 beim Kochen in THF unter Einschiebung nur einer Alkin-Gruppierung zu C5H5(CO)2MnP-(Ph)(H)C(H)=C(H)SiMe2C—CH (2c) um. Ein Ringschluß unter Einbeziehung der zweiten Alkin-Gruppierung wird unter diesen Bedingungen nicht beobachtet.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 100
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 1277-1283 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Reactions of Lithio-hexamethylcyclotrisilazane with Silicon-Fluoro Compounds1-Mono- and 1,3-dilithio-2,2,4,4,6,6-hexamethylcyclotrisilazane (2, 9) react with silicon tetrafluoride or difluorodiorganylsilanes RR′SiF2 (R = F, H, CH3, C6H5 R′ = CH3, C6H5) under LiF-elimination to give the cyclotrisilazanes 3-8, 10, and 11. The di- and trisubstituted compounds 12-14 are obtained by the reaction of 2 with CH3HSiF2 and CH3SiF3 in a molar ratio of 1:1. Ring coupling by a silicon bridge is achieved by the reaction of SiF-substituted cyclotrisilazanes with lithium tert-butylamide (15), or by the reaction of these compounds with two moles of a lithiocyclotrisilazane (16). The mass, 1H-, and 19F n.m.r. spectra of the compounds are reported.
    Notes: Mono- und dilithiiertes 2,2,4,4,6,6-Hexamethylcyclotrisilazan (2, 9) reagieren mit Siliciumtetra-fluorid oder mit Difluordiorganylsilanen des Typs RR′SiF2 (R = F, H, CH3, C6H5; R′ = CH3, C6H5) unter LiF-Abspaltung zu den Cyclotrisilazanen 3-8, 10 und 11. Die di- und trisubstituierten Verbindungen 12-14 sind in der Reaktion von 2 mit CH3HSiF2 sowie CH3SiF3 im Molverhältnis 1:1 erhältlich. Ringverknüpfungen über eine Siliciumbrücke gelingen durch Umsetzung der SiF-substituierten Cyclotrisilazane mit Lithium-tert-butylamid (15) sowie durch Umsetzung dieser Verbindungen mit einem weiteren mol eines lithiierten Cyclotrisilazanes (16). Die Massen-, 1H- und 19F-NMR-Spektren dieser Verbindungen werden mitgeteilt.
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