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  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (325)
  • American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG)
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  • 2010-2014  (325)
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  • 1
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    Science education. Court to weigh university's decision not to hire astronomer (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-01-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Couzin-Frankel, Jennifer -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Dec 24;330(6012):1731. doi: 10.1126/science.330.6012.1731.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21205643" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Astronomy/*education ; *Biological Evolution ; Employment/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Kentucky ; *Religion and Science ; United States ; Universities/*legislation & jurisprudence
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Retrospective. John Bennett Fenn (1917-2010) (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-01-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Muddiman, David C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Jan 14;331(6014):160. doi: 10.1126/science.1201766.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA. dcmuddim@ncsu.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21233376" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chemistry/*history ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Nobel Prize ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization/history ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Trophic downgrading of planet Earth (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-07-19
    Description: Until recently, large apex consumers were ubiquitous across the globe and had been for millions of years. The loss of these animals may be humankind's most pervasive influence on nature. Although such losses are widely viewed as an ethical and aesthetic problem, recent research reveals extensive cascading effects of their disappearance in marine, terrestrial, and freshwater ecosystems worldwide. This empirical work supports long-standing theory about the role of top-down forcing in ecosystems but also highlights the unanticipated impacts of trophic cascades on processes as diverse as the dynamics of disease, wildfire, carbon sequestration, invasive species, and biogeochemical cycles. These findings emphasize the urgent need for interdisciplinary research to forecast the effects of trophic downgrading on process, function, and resilience in global ecosystems.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Estes, James A -- Terborgh, John -- Brashares, Justin S -- Power, Mary E -- Berger, Joel -- Bond, William J -- Carpenter, Stephen R -- Essington, Timothy E -- Holt, Robert D -- Jackson, Jeremy B C -- Marquis, Robert J -- Oksanen, Lauri -- Oksanen, Tarja -- Paine, Robert T -- Pikitch, Ellen K -- Ripple, William J -- Sandin, Stuart A -- Scheffer, Marten -- Schoener, Thomas W -- Shurin, Jonathan B -- Sinclair, Anthony R E -- Soule, Michael E -- Virtanen, Risto -- Wardle, David A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Jul 15;333(6040):301-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1205106.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA. jestes@ucsc.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21764740" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biodiversity ; *Ecosystem ; *Extinction, Biological ; Feeding Behavior ; *Food Chain ; Humans ; Introduced Species ; Population Dynamics ; Predatory Behavior
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Genomics. A genome for the environment (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-02-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ebert, Dieter -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Feb 4;331(6017):539-40. doi: 10.1126/science.1202092.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Universitat Basel, Zoological Institute, Vesalgasse 1, 4059 Basel, Switzerland. dieter.ebert@unibas.ch〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21292957" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptation, Physiological ; Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Daphnia/*genetics/physiology ; *Ecosystem ; *Environment ; Evolution, Molecular ; *Gene Duplication ; *Genome ; Phenotype
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    The invisible wounds of war. Healing the brain, healing the mind (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-07-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Miller, Greg -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Jul 29;333(6042):514-7. doi: 10.1126/science.333.6042.514.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21798909" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Afghan Campaign 2001- ; Art Therapy ; Brain/pathology ; Brain Injuries/*diagnosis/epidemiology/pathology/psychology/*therapy ; Comorbidity ; Humans ; Iraq War, 2003-2011 ; *Military Personnel ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/*diagnosis/epidemiology/psychology/*therapy ; United States ; United States Department of Defense ; User-Computer Interface ; Veterans
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    Ecology. China aims to turn tide against toxic lake pollution (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-09-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stone, Richard -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Sep 2;333(6047):1210-1. doi: 10.1126/science.333.6047.1210.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21885748" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Angiosperms/growth & development ; China ; *Ecosystem ; Eutrophication ; *Fresh Water/chemistry/microbiology ; *Harmful Algal Bloom ; Microcystis/*growth & development ; Potamogetonaceae/growth & development ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/*toxicity ; Water Pollution/economics/*prevention & control ; Water Supply
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Extreme ecosystems. Biological dark matter exerts irresistible pull in Yunnan (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-09-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stone, Richard -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Sep 2;333(6047):1209. doi: 10.1126/science.333.6047.1209.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21885747" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Actinobacteria/*isolation & purification ; *Archaea/isolation & purification/physiology ; Bacteroidetes/*isolation & purification ; China ; *Ecosystem ; Food Chain ; Hot Springs/*microbiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Newsmaker interview: Debora Zarin. Unseen world of clinical trials emerges from U.S. database. Interview by Eliot Marshall (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-07-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zarin, Debora -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Jul 8;333(6039):145. doi: 10.1126/science.333.6039.145.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21737714" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Clinical Trials as Topic ; *Databases, Factual ; Internet ; National Library of Medicine (U.S.) ; *Registries ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Hydropower. The legacy of the Three Gorges Dam (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stone, Richard -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Aug 12;333(6044):817. doi: 10.1126/science.333.6044.817.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21835994" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; China/epidemiology ; *Ecosystem ; *Energy-Generating Resources ; *Environment ; Humans ; *Rivers ; Schistosomiasis/epidemiology/transmission ; Snails ; Water Movements
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Ethics. Bad science used to support torture and human experimentation (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-01-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Iacopino, Vincent -- Allen, Scott A -- Keller, Allen S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Jan 7;331(6013):34-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1194437.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Physicians for Human Rights, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21212341" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Ethics, Medical ; *Ethics, Professional ; Ethics, Research ; Federal Government ; *Human Experimentation/ethics/legislation & jurisprudence ; Humans ; *Prisoners ; *Torture/ethics/legislation & jurisprudence/psychology ; United States ; United States Department of Defense
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 11
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    Influence of inositol pyrophosphates on cellular energy dynamics (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-11-15
    Description: With its high-energy phosphate bonds, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the main intracellular energy carrier. It also functions in most signaling pathways, as a phosphate donor or a precursor for cyclic adenosine monophosphate. We show here that inositol pyrophosphates participate in the control of intracellular ATP concentration. Yeasts devoid of inositol pyrophosphates have dysfunctional mitochondria but, paradoxically, contain four times as much ATP because of increased glycolysis. We demonstrate that inositol pyrophosphates control the activity of the major glycolytic transcription factor GCR1. Thus, inositol pyrophosphates regulate ATP concentration by altering the glycolytic/mitochondrial metabolic ratio. Metabolic reprogramming through inositol pyrophosphates is an evolutionary conserved mechanism that is also preserved in mammalian systems.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Szijgyarto, Zsolt -- Garedew, Assegid -- Azevedo, Cristina -- Saiardi, Adolfo -- G1001704/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- MC_U122680443/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- PG/10/72/28449/British Heart Foundation/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Nov 11;334(6057):802-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1211908.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Cell Biology Unit, Medical Research Council Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22076377" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Diphosphate/metabolism ; Adenosine Monophosphate/metabolism ; Adenosine Triphosphate/*metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; *Energy Metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal ; Glucose/metabolism ; Glycolysis/genetics ; Inositol Phosphates/*metabolism ; Mitochondria/metabolism ; Mutation ; NAD/metabolism ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxidative Phosphorylation ; Oxygen Consumption ; Phosphorylation ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics/growth & development/*metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Transcription Factors/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 12
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    The pace of shifting climate in marine and terrestrial ecosystems (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-11-05
    Description: Climate change challenges organisms to adapt or move to track changes in environments in space and time. We used two measures of thermal shifts from analyses of global temperatures over the past 50 years to describe the pace of climate change that species should track: the velocity of climate change (geographic shifts of isotherms over time) and the shift in seasonal timing of temperatures. Both measures are higher in the ocean than on land at some latitudes, despite slower ocean warming. These indices give a complex mosaic of predicted range shifts and phenology changes that deviate from simple poleward migration and earlier springs or later falls. They also emphasize potential conservation concerns, because areas of high marine biodiversity often have greater velocities of climate change and seasonal shifts.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Burrows, Michael T -- Schoeman, David S -- Buckley, Lauren B -- Moore, Pippa -- Poloczanska, Elvira S -- Brander, Keith M -- Brown, Chris -- Bruno, John F -- Duarte, Carlos M -- Halpern, Benjamin S -- Holding, Johnna -- Kappel, Carrie V -- Kiessling, Wolfgang -- O'Connor, Mary I -- Pandolfi, John M -- Parmesan, Camille -- Schwing, Franklin B -- Sydeman, William J -- Richardson, Anthony J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Nov 4;334(6056):652-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1210288.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Ecology, Scottish Association for Marine Science, Scottish Marine Institute, Oban, Argyll, PA37 1QA, Scotland, UK. michael.burrows@sams.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22053045" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biodiversity ; *Climate Change ; *Ecosystem ; Oceans and Seas ; Seasons
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 13
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    Clr4/Suv39 and RNA quality control factors cooperate to trigger RNAi and suppress antisense RNA (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-03-26
    Description: Pervasive transcription of eukaryotic genomes generates a plethora of noncoding RNAs. In fission yeast, the heterochromatin factor Clr4/Suv39 methyltransferase facilitates RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated processing of centromeric transcripts into small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). Clr4 also mediates degradation of antisense RNAs at euchromatic loci, but the underlying mechanism has remained elusive. We show that Clr4 and the RNAi effector RITS (RNA-induced transcriptional silencing) interact with Mlo3, a protein related to mRNA quality control and export factors. Loss of Clr4 impairs RITS interaction with Mlo3, which is required for centromeric siRNA production and antisense suppression. Mlo3 also interacts with the RNA surveillance factor TRAMP, which suppresses antisense RNAs targeted by Clr4 and RNAi. These findings link Clr4 to RNA quality control machinery and suggest a pathway for processing potentially deleterious RNAs through the coordinated actions of RNAi and other RNA processing activities.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zhang, Ke -- Fischer, Tamas -- Porter, Rebecca L -- Dhakshnamoorthy, Jothy -- Zofall, Martin -- Zhou, Ming -- Veenstra, Timothy -- Grewal, Shiv I S -- Intramural NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Mar 25;331(6024):1624-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1198712.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute/NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21436456" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Centromere/metabolism ; Euchromatin/metabolism ; Histones/metabolism ; Methylation ; Methyltransferases/genetics/*metabolism ; Mutation ; *RNA Interference ; RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional ; RNA, Antisense/*metabolism ; RNA, Fungal/*metabolism ; RNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/metabolism ; Schizosaccharomyces/*genetics/*metabolism ; Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins/genetics/*metabolism
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 14
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    Presidential address. Life on the river of science (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-02-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Agre, Peter -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Jan 28;331(6016):416-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21284129" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aquaporin 1/history ; Chemistry/history ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; International Cooperation ; Nobel Prize ; *Science/history ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 15
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    Rethinking the science system (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-11-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Leshner, Alan I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Nov 11;334(6057):738. doi: 10.1126/science.1215299.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22076346" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Financing, Government ; *Policy ; *Research Support as Topic ; *Science ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 16
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    Social psychology. Antismoking drive tries cigarette ads, in reverse (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-07-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Reardon, Sara -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Jul 1;333(6038):23-4. doi: 10.1126/science.333.6038.23.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21719652" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Advertising as Topic ; *Health Promotion ; Humans ; Peer Group ; *Product Labeling ; Psychology, Social ; *Smoking/adverse effects/prevention & control/psychology ; *Smoking Cessation/psychology ; United States ; United States Food and Drug Administration
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 17
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    Cell biology. Rhodopsin as thermosensor? (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-03-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Minke, Baruch -- Peters, Maximilian -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Mar 11;331(6022):1272-3. doi: 10.1126/science.1203482.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medical Neurobiology, The Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada (IMRIC), The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel. baruchm@ekmd.huji.ac.il〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21393531" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Drosophila Proteins/genetics/metabolism/*physiology ; Drosophila melanogaster/genetics/*physiology ; Larva/physiology ; Light ; Mutation ; Photoreceptor Cells, Invertebrate/physiology ; Rhodopsin/chemistry/genetics/*physiology ; TRPC Cation Channels/metabolism ; Temperature ; *Thermosensing
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 18
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    Cancer. New epigenetic drivers of cancers (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-03-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Elsasser, Simon J -- Allis, C David -- Lewis, Peter W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Mar 4;331(6021):1145-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1203280.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Chromatin Biology and Epigenetics, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21385704" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/*genetics/metabolism ; Chromatin/metabolism ; Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly/genetics ; DNA Helicases/*genetics/metabolism ; *Epigenesis, Genetic ; *Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Histones/metabolism ; Humans ; Mutation ; Neuroendocrine Tumors/*genetics/metabolism ; Nuclear Proteins/*genetics/metabolism ; Nucleosomes/metabolism ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/*genetics/metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/*genetics/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Science on the shuttle. NASA's busload of science (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-07-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Charles, Dan -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Jul 1;333(6038):28-9. doi: 10.1126/science.333.6038.28.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21719655" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Research ; Salmonella/pathogenicity/physiology ; *Space Flight ; *Spacecraft ; United States ; *United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration ; Weightlessness
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 20
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    Radioecology. Fukushima radiation creates unique test of marine life's hardiness (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-04-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Reardon, Sara -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Apr 15;332(6027):292. doi: 10.1126/science.332.6027.292.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21493831" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aquatic Organisms/*metabolism/*radiation effects ; *Ecosystem ; Food Chain ; Japan ; Pacific Ocean ; Phytoplankton/metabolism/radiation effects ; Radiation Dosage ; *Radioisotopes/pharmacokinetics/toxicity ; Seaweed/metabolism/radiation effects ; *Water Pollutants, Radioactive/pharmacokinetics/toxicity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 21
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    Gulf oil spill. Ten months after Deepwater Horizon, picking up the remnants of health data (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-03-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Reardon, Sara -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Mar 11;331(6022):1252. doi: 10.1126/science.331.6022.1252.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21393519" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Environmental Pollution/*adverse effects ; Follow-Up Studies ; *Health Status ; *Health Surveys ; Humans ; *Mental Health ; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (U.S.) ; Occupational Exposure/*adverse effects ; Petroleum/*toxicity ; Population Surveillance ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    A threat to medical innovation (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-07-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rosbash, Michael -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Jul 8;333(6039):136. doi: 10.1126/science.1210374.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21737707" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biomedical Research/*economics ; Budgets ; Financing, Government ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*economics/organization & administration ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 23
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    Infectious diseases. Controversial studies give a deadly flu virus wings (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-12-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Enserink, Martin -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Dec 2;334(6060):1192-3. doi: 10.1126/science.334.6060.1192.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22144591" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bioterrorism ; Ferrets ; *Host Specificity ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/*genetics/*pathogenicity ; Influenza in Birds/virology ; Influenza, Human/epidemiology/mortality/transmission/*virology ; International Cooperation ; Netherlands ; Orthomyxoviridae Infections/epidemiology/transmission/veterinary/*virology ; *Pandemics ; Poultry ; Publishing ; Serial Passage ; United States ; United States Dept. of Health and Human Services
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 24
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    Boosting minorities in science (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-01-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hrabowski, Freeman A 3rd -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Jan 14;331(6014):125. doi: 10.1126/science.1202388.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21233350" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Education, Graduate ; Engineering/education/manpower ; Humans ; Mathematics/*education/manpower ; Mentors ; Minority Groups/*education ; Science/*education/manpower ; Social Support ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 25
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    A midzone-based ruler adjusts chromosome compaction to anaphase spindle length (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-03-12
    Description: Partitioning of chromatids during mitosis requires that chromosome compaction and spindle length scale appropriately with each other. However, it is not clear whether chromosome condensation and spindle elongation are linked. Here, we find that yeast cells could cope with a 45% increase in the length of their longest chromosome arm by increasing its condensation. The spindle midzone, aurora/Ipl1 activity, and Ser10 of histone H3 mediated this response. Thus, the anaphase spindle may function as a ruler to adapt the condensation of chromatids, promoting their segregation regardless of chromosome or spindle length.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Neurohr, Gabriel -- Naegeli, Andreas -- Titos, Iris -- Theler, Dominik -- Greber, Basil -- Diez, Javier -- Gabaldon, Toni -- Mendoza, Manuel -- Barral, Yves -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Apr 22;332(6028):465-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1201578. Epub 2011 Mar 10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Spain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21393511" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aldose-Ketose Isomerases/genetics ; *Anaphase ; Aurora Kinases ; Chromosome Segregation ; Chromosomes, Fungal/genetics/*physiology ; Histones/metabolism ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Mutation ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics/*physiology ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Spindle Apparatus/*physiology/*ultrastructure
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Conservation: limits of land sparing (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-11-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fischer, Joern -- Batary, Peter -- Bawa, Kamaljit S -- Brussaard, Lijbert -- Chappell, M Jahi -- Clough, Yann -- Daily, Gretchen C -- Dorrough, Josh -- Hartel, Tibor -- Jackson, Louise E -- Klein, Alexandra M -- Kremen, Claire -- Kuemmerle, Tobias -- Lindenmayer, David B -- Mooney, Harold A -- Perfecto, Ivette -- Philpott, Stacy M -- Tscharntke, Teja -- Vandermeer, John -- Wanger, Thomas Cherico -- Von Wehrden, Henrik -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Nov 4;334(6056):593; author reply 594-5. doi: 10.1126/science.334.6056.593-a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22053026" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Agriculture ; Animals ; *Biodiversity ; *Conservation of Natural Resources ; Crops, Agricultural/*growth & development ; *Ecosystem ; *Food
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Archaeorhizomycetes: unearthing an ancient class of ubiquitous soil fungi (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-13
    Description: Estimates suggest that only one-tenth of the true fungal diversity has been described. Among numerous fungal lineages known only from environmental DNA sequences, Soil Clone Group 1 is the most ubiquitous. These globally distributed fungi may dominate below-ground fungal communities, but their placement in the fungal tree of life has been uncertain. Here, we report cultures of this group and describe the class, Archaeorhizomycetes, phylogenetically placed within subphylum Taphrinomycotina in the Ascomycota. Archaeorhizomycetes comprises hundreds of cryptically reproducing filamentous species that do not form recognizable mycorrhizal structures and have saprotrophic potential, yet are omnipresent in roots and rhizosphere soil and show ecosystem and host root habitat specificity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rosling, Anna -- Cox, Filipa -- Cruz-Martinez, Karelyn -- Ihrmark, Katarina -- Grelet, Gwen-Aelle -- Lindahl, Bjorn D -- Menkis, Audrius -- James, Timothy Y -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Aug 12;333(6044):876-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1206958.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Forest Mycology and Pathology, Uppsala BioCentre, SLU, Box 7026, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden. anna.rosling@slu.se〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21836015" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Ascomycota/classification/genetics/growth & development/isolation & purification ; Coniferophyta/microbiology ; *Ecosystem ; Genes, Fungal ; Genes, rRNA ; Meristem/*microbiology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; *Mycorrhizae/classification/genetics ; Phylogeny ; Rhizosphere ; *Soil Microbiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 28
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    Concerns about extrapolating right off the bat (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-07-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fisher, Brendan -- Naidoo, Robin -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Jul 15;333(6040):287; author reply 287-8. doi: 10.1126/science.333.6040.287-a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21764731" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agriculture/*economics ; Animals ; *Chiroptera ; Crops, Agricultural/*economics ; *Ecosystem ; Pest Control, Biological/*economics ; Population Dynamics ; United States
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  • 29
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    Agriculture. Transforming U.S. agriculture (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-05-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Reganold, J P -- Jackson-Smith, D -- Batie, S S -- Harwood, R R -- Kornegay, J L -- Bucks, D -- Flora, C B -- Hanson, J C -- Jury, W A -- Meyer, D -- Schumacher, A Jr -- Sehmsdorf, H -- Shennan, C -- Thrupp, L A -- Willis, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 May 6;332(6030):670-1. doi: 10.1126/science.1202462.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA. reganold@wsu.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21551050" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Agriculture/economics/legislation & jurisprudence/methods ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Environment ; Policy ; Politics ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 30
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    Making her life an open book to promote expanded care (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-03-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Enserink, Martin -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Mar 25;331(6024):1549. doi: 10.1126/science.331.6024.1549.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21436440" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Advisory Committees ; *Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis/prevention & control/therapy ; Canada ; *Delivery of Health Care ; Developing Countries ; Female ; *Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Health Services Accessibility ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Mexico ; *Neoplasms/diagnosis/therapy ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 31
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    Primary prevention of cancer (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-05-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Huff, James -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 May 20;332(6032):916-7. doi: 10.1126/science.332.6032.916-b.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21596974" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Carcinogenicity Tests ; *Carcinogens/classification/toxicity ; Environmental Exposure ; Humans ; Neoplasms/*prevention & control ; Occupational Exposure ; Primary Prevention ; United States
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  • 32
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    Invasives: classify with care (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Moore, Christopher -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Aug 19;333(6045):936. doi: 10.1126/science.333.6045.936-b.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21852471" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biodiversity ; *Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Ecosystem ; *Introduced Species
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 33
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    40 years of the war on cancer (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-03-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Mar 25;331(6024):1540-4. doi: 10.1126/science.331.6024.1540-b.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21436435" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antineoplastic Agents/history/therapeutic use ; Biomedical Research/*history ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; National Cancer Institute (U.S.)/*history/legislation & jurisprudence ; Neoplasms/epidemiology/*history/therapy ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 34
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    Early warnings of regime shifts: a whole-ecosystem experiment (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-04-30
    Description: Catastrophic ecological regime shifts may be announced in advance by statistical early warning signals such as slowing return rates from perturbation and rising variance. The theoretical background for these indicators is rich, but real-world tests are rare, especially for whole ecosystems. We tested the hypothesis that these statistics would be early warning signals for an experimentally induced regime shift in an aquatic food web. We gradually added top predators to a lake over 3 years to destabilize its food web. An adjacent lake was monitored simultaneously as a reference ecosystem. Warning signals of a regime shift were evident in the manipulated lake during reorganization of the food web more than a year before the food web transition was complete, corroborating theory for leading indicators of ecological regime shifts.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carpenter, S R -- Cole, J J -- Pace, M L -- Batt, R -- Brock, W A -- Cline, T -- Coloso, J -- Hodgson, J R -- Kitchell, J F -- Seekell, D A -- Smith, L -- Weidel, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 May 27;332(6033):1079-82. doi: 10.1126/science.1203672. Epub 2011 Apr 28.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Limnology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA. srcarpen@wisc.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21527677" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bass ; Biomass ; Chlorophyll/analysis ; *Ecosystem ; *Fishes ; *Food Chain ; *Fresh Water/chemistry ; Models, Biological ; Nonlinear Dynamics ; *Phytoplankton ; Population Dynamics ; *Zooplankton
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 35
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    Computational design of proteins targeting the conserved stem region of influenza hemagglutinin (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-05-14
    Description: We describe a general computational method for designing proteins that bind a surface patch of interest on a target macromolecule. Favorable interactions between disembodied amino acid residues and the target surface are identified and used to anchor de novo designed interfaces. The method was used to design proteins that bind a conserved surface patch on the stem of the influenza hemagglutinin (HA) from the 1918 H1N1 pandemic virus. After affinity maturation, two of the designed proteins, HB36 and HB80, bind H1 and H5 HAs with low nanomolar affinity. Further, HB80 inhibits the HA fusogenic conformational changes induced at low pH. The crystal structure of HB36 in complex with 1918/H1 HA revealed that the actual binding interface is nearly identical to that in the computational design model. Such designed binding proteins may be useful for both diagnostics and therapeutics.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3164876/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3164876/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fleishman, Sarel J -- Whitehead, Timothy A -- Ekiert, Damian C -- Dreyfus, Cyrille -- Corn, Jacob E -- Strauch, Eva-Maria -- Wilson, Ian A -- Baker, David -- AI057141/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI058113/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- GM080209/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P01 AI058113/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P01 AI058113-07/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- Y1-CO-1020/CO/NCI NIH HHS/ -- Y1-GM-1104/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 May 13;332(6031):816-21. doi: 10.1126/science.1202617.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21566186" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Algorithms ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Binding Sites ; Computational Biology ; *Computer Simulation ; Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/chemistry/*metabolism ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; *Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Peptide Library ; Protein Binding ; Protein Conformation ; *Protein Engineering ; Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Proteins/*chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Software
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    Moving USAID forward (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-09-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nichols, Rodney W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Sep 9;333(6048):1381. doi: 10.1126/science.333.6048.1381-a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21903795" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Budgets ; Financing, Government ; *International Cooperation ; United States ; *United States Agency for International Development
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    Evolution. How great wings can look alike (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carroll, Sean B -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Aug 26;333(6046):1100-1. doi: 10.1126/science.1211025.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 201 Bock Laboratories, Madison, WI 53706, USA. sbcarrol@facstaff.wisc.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21868661" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptation, Biological ; Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Butterflies/anatomy & histology/*genetics ; *Genes, Insect ; Genetic Variation ; Mutation ; Phenotype ; Pigmentation/*genetics ; Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Selection, Genetic ; Wings, Animal/*anatomy & histology
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    Science-policy interface: beyond assessments (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hulme, Mike -- Mahony, Martin -- Beck, Silke -- Gorg, Christoph -- Hansjurgens, Bernd -- Hauck, Jennifer -- Nesshover, Carsten -- Paulsch, Axel -- Vandewalle, Marie -- Wittmer, Heidi -- Boschen, Stefan -- Bridgewater, Peter -- Diaw, Mariteuw Chimere -- Fabre, Pierre -- Figueroa, Aurelia -- Heong, Kong Luen -- Korn, Horst -- Leemans, Rik -- Lovbrand, Eva -- Hamid, Mohd Norowi -- Monfreda, Chad -- Pielke, Roger Jr -- Settele, Josef -- Winter, Marten -- Vadrot, Alice B M -- van den Hove, Sybille -- van der Sluijs, Jeroen P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Aug 5;333(6043):697-8. doi: 10.1126/science.333.6043.697.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21817033" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biodiversity ; *Ecosystem ; *Policy ; Policy Making
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Predators' effects on ecosystem entropy (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Flueck, Werner T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Aug 26;333(6046):1092-3. doi: 10.1126/science.333.6046.1092-b.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21868651" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Ecosystem ; Entropy ; *Food Chain ; Photosynthesis ; Predatory Behavior ; Temperature
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    CRYPTOCHROME is a blue-light sensor that regulates neuronal firing rate (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-03-10
    Description: Light-responsive neural activity in central brain neurons is generally conveyed through opsin-based signaling from external photoreceptors. Large lateral ventral arousal neurons (lLNvs) in Drosophila melanogaster increase action potential firing within seconds in response to light in the absence of all opsin-based photoreceptors. Light-evoked changes in membrane resting potential occur in about 100 milliseconds. The light response is selective for blue wavelengths corresponding to the spectral sensitivity of CRYPTOCHROME (CRY). cry-null lines are light-unresponsive, but restored CRY expression in the lLNv rescues responsiveness. Furthermore, expression of CRY in neurons that are normally unresponsive to light confers responsiveness. The CRY-mediated light response requires a flavin redox-based mechanism and depends on potassium channel conductance, but is independent of the classical circadian CRY-TIMELESS interaction.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4418525/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4418525/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fogle, Keri J -- Parson, Kelly G -- Dahm, Nicole A -- Holmes, Todd C -- NS046750/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM102965/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS046750/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Mar 18;331(6023):1409-13. doi: 10.1126/science.1199702. Epub 2011 Mar 3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21385718" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; *Circadian Clocks ; Circadian Rhythm ; Compound Eye, Arthropod/physiology ; Cryptochromes/genetics/*metabolism ; Drosophila Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Drosophila melanogaster/genetics/*physiology ; Eye Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Flavins/metabolism ; Genes, Insect ; *Light ; Mutation ; Neurons/physiology ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Photoreceptor Cells, Invertebrate/metabolism
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    Environmental economics. Entertainment value: should the media pay for nature conservation? (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-12-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jepson, Paul -- Jennings, Steve -- Jones, Kate E -- Hodgetts, Timothy -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Dec 9;334(6061):1351-2. doi: 10.1126/science.1213189.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QY, UK. paul.jepson@ouce.ox.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22158806" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Conservation of Natural Resources/*economics ; *Ecosystem ; *Environment ; International Cooperation ; Motion Pictures as Topic/*economics ; Organizations, Nonprofit ; Policy ; Television/*economics
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    Retrospective. Har Gobind Khorana (1922-2011) (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-12-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Caruthers, Marvin -- Wells, Robert -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Dec 16;334(6062):1511. doi: 10.1126/science.1217138.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA. marvin.caruthers@colorado.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22174242" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biology/*history ; Chemistry/*history ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Nobel Prize ; United States
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    Synthetic biology: regulating industry uses of new biotechnologies (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-09-03
    Description: In our view, synthetic biology is an extension of the continuum of genetic science that has been used safely for more than 40 years by the biotechnology industry in the development of commercial products. Examples of synthetic biology use by biotechnology companies illustrate the potential to substantially reduce research and development time and to increase speed to market. Improvements in the speed and cost of DNA synthesis are enabling scientists to design modified bacterial chromosomes that can be used in the production of renewable chemicals, biofuels, bioproducts, renewable specialty chemicals, pharmaceutical intermediates, fine chemicals, food ingredients, and health care products. Regulatory options should support innovation and commercial development of new products while protecting the public from potential harms.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Erickson, Brent -- Singh, Rina -- Winters, Paul -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Sep 2;333(6047):1254-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1211066.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Biotechnology Industry Organization (BIO), Washington, DC 20024, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21885775" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bioethical Issues ; *Biotechnology/ethics/legislation & jurisprudence/methods/standards ; Diffusion of Innovation ; Genetic Engineering ; *Government Regulation ; Guidelines as Topic ; Public Policy ; *Synthetic Biology/ethics/legislation & jurisprudence/methods/standards ; United States
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    GE Prize essay. Zoom! (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-12-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lieberman Aiden, Erez -- 1DP2OD008540-01/OD/NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Dec 2;334(6060):1222-3. doi: 10.1126/science.1216288.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Harvard Society of Fellows, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. erez@erez.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22144611" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Awards and Prizes ; Cell Nucleus/*ultrastructure ; Chromatin/*chemistry ; *Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes, Human/chemistry/ultrastructure ; DNA/*chemistry ; *Genetic Loci ; *Genome, Human ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Protein Folding ; United States
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    Avian influenza. Warning of H5N1 resurgence surprises community (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-09-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Normile, Dennis -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Sep 9;333(6048):1369. doi: 10.1126/science.333.6048.1369.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21903787" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Birds ; Disease Outbreaks/statistics & numerical data/veterinary ; Humans ; *Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/genetics/immunology ; Influenza Vaccines ; Influenza in Birds/*epidemiology/prevention & control/virology ; Influenza, Human/*epidemiology ; Mutation ; Poultry
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    Comment on "Drought-induced reduction in global terrestrial net primary production from 2000 through 2009" (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-27
    Description: Zhao and Running (Reports, 20 August 2010, p. 940) reported a reduction in global terrestrial net primary production (NPP) from 2000 through 2009. We argue that the small trends, regional patterns, and interannual variations that they describe are artifacts of their NPP model. Satellite observations of vegetation activity show no statistically significant changes in more than 85% of the vegetated lands south of 70 degrees N during the same 2000 to 2009 period.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Samanta, Arindam -- Costa, Marcos H -- Nunes, Edson L -- Vieira, Simone A -- Xu, Liang -- Myneni, Ranga B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Aug 26;333(6046):1093; author reply 1093. doi: 10.1126/science.1199048.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Geography and Environment, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA. arindam.sam@gmail.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21868655" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Atmosphere ; Biomass ; *Carbon Cycle ; Carbon Dioxide ; *Droughts ; *Ecosystem ; Photosynthesis ; Plants/*metabolism ; South America
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    A cell cycle phosphoproteome of the yeast centrosome (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-06-28
    Description: Centrosomes organize the bipolar mitotic spindle, and centrosomal defects cause chromosome instability. Protein phosphorylation modulates centrosome function, and we provide a comprehensive map of phosphorylation on intact yeast centrosomes (18 proteins). Mass spectrometry was used to identify 297 phosphorylation sites on centrosomes from different cell cycle stages. We observed different modes of phosphoregulation via specific protein kinases, phosphorylation site clustering, and conserved phosphorylated residues. Mutating all eight cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk)-directed sites within the core component, Spc42, resulted in lethality and reduced centrosomal assembly. Alternatively, mutation of one conserved Cdk site within gamma-tubulin (Tub4-S360D) caused mitotic delay and aberrant anaphase spindle elongation. Our work establishes the extent and complexity of this prominent posttranslational modification in centrosome biology and provides specific examples of phosphorylation control in centrosome function.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3825980/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3825980/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Keck, Jamie M -- Jones, Michele H -- Wong, Catherine C L -- Binkley, Jonathan -- Chen, Daici -- Jaspersen, Sue L -- Holinger, Eric P -- Xu, Tao -- Niepel, Mario -- Rout, Michael P -- Vogel, Jackie -- Sidow, Arend -- Yates, John R 3rd -- Winey, Mark -- F32 GM086038/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM51312/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- MOP-64404/Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada -- P41 RR011823/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM051312/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM051312-16/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM051312-16S1/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM062427/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG003039/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM008759/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- U54 RR022220/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Jun 24;332(6037):1557-61. doi: 10.1126/science.1205193.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21700874" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Binding Sites ; CDC2 Protein Kinase/metabolism ; *Cell Cycle ; Centrosome/*metabolism/ultrastructure ; Cytoskeletal Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Fungal Proteins/chemistry/metabolism ; Fungi/metabolism ; G1 Phase ; Mitosis ; Mutation ; Phosphoproteins/genetics/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational ; Proteome/*metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/cytology/genetics/growth & development/*metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Spindle Apparatus/metabolism/ultrastructure ; Tubulin/chemistry/metabolism
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    Virology. False positive (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-09-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, Jon -- Enserink, Martin -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Sep 23;333(6050):1694-701. doi: 10.1126/science.333.6050.1694.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21940874" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Blood/virology ; DNA Contamination ; Endoribonucleases/genetics/metabolism ; Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic/*virology ; Humans ; Male ; Mutation ; Prostatic Neoplasms/virology ; Publishing ; Retroviridae Infections/*virology ; Xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus/classification/*isolation & ; purification
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    A role for Snf2-related nucleosome-spacing enzymes in genome-wide nucleosome organization (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-09-24
    Description: The positioning of nucleosomes within the coding regions of eukaryotic genes is aligned with respect to transcriptional start sites. This organization is likely to influence many genetic processes, requiring access to the underlying DNA. Here, we show that the combined action of Isw1 and Chd1 nucleosome-spacing enzymes is required to maintain this organization. In the absence of these enzymes, regular positioning of the majority of nucleosomes is lost. Exceptions include the region upstream of the promoter, the +1 nucleosome, and a subset of locations distributed throughout coding regions where other factors are likely to be involved. These observations indicate that adenosine triphosphate-dependent remodeling enzymes are responsible for directing the positioning of the majority of nucleosomes within the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3428865/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3428865/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gkikopoulos, Triantaffyllos -- Schofield, Pieta -- Singh, Vijender -- Pinskaya, Marina -- Mellor, Jane -- Smolle, Michaela -- Workman, Jerry L -- Barton, Geoffrey J -- Owen-Hughes, Tom -- 064414/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 095062/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- G0900740/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- R01 GM047867/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Sep 23;333(6050):1758-60. doi: 10.1126/science.1206097.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Wellcome Trust Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21940898" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Triphosphatases/genetics/*metabolism ; Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly ; DNA, Fungal/genetics ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal ; Genes, Fungal ; *Genome, Fungal ; Mutation ; Nucleosomes/*genetics/physiology/ultrastructure ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/*genetics/physiology ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Transcription Initiation Site
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    Ecological restoration. In Northern Aral Sea, rebound comes with a big catch (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-10-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pala, Christopher -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Oct 21;334(6054):303. doi: 10.1126/science.334.6054.303.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22021832" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biomass ; *Ecosystem ; *Fisheries ; *Fishes ; *Fresh Water ; Kazakhstan ; Oceans and Seas ; Salinity
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Science and law: rattled by quakes (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-12-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, Joel E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Dec 16;334(6062):1472. doi: 10.1126/science.1217478.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22174216" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Communication ; *Disaster Planning ; *Earthquakes ; Italy ; *Public Policy ; *Science/education ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Oceans. Mitigating local causes of ocean acidification with existing laws (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-05-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kelly, R P -- Foley, M M -- Fisher, W S -- Feely, R A -- Halpern, B S -- Waldbusser, G G -- Caldwell, M R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 May 27;332(6033):1036-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1203815.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Ocean Solutions, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. rpk@stanford.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21617060" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Conservation of Natural Resources/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Ecosystem ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Oceans and Seas ; Seawater/*chemistry ; United States ; Water Pollution/legislation & jurisprudence
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    Projecting coral reef futures under global warming and ocean acidification (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-07-23
    Description: Many physiological responses in present-day coral reefs to climate change are interpreted as consistent with the imminent disappearance of modern reefs globally because of annual mass bleaching events, carbonate dissolution, and insufficient time for substantial evolutionary responses. Emerging evidence for variability in the coral calcification response to acidification, geographical variation in bleaching susceptibility and recovery, responses to past climate change, and potential rates of adaptation to rapid warming supports an alternative scenario in which reef degradation occurs with greater temporal and spatial heterogeneity than current projections suggest. Reducing uncertainty in projecting coral reef futures requires improved understanding of past responses to rapid climate change; physiological responses to interacting factors, such as temperature, acidification, and nutrients; and the costs and constraints imposed by acclimation and adaptation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pandolfi, John M -- Connolly, Sean R -- Marshall, Dustin J -- Cohen, Anne L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Jul 22;333(6041):418-22. doi: 10.1126/science.1204794.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia. j.pandolfi@uq.edu.au〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21778392" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Anthozoa/physiology ; Biodiversity ; Biological Evolution ; Calcification, Physiologic ; Carbon Dioxide/analysis ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Ecosystem ; Forecasting ; *Global Warming ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Oceans and Seas ; Seawater/*chemistry ; Symbiosis
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    Ecology. Food and biodiversity (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-09-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Godfray, H Charles J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Sep 2;333(6047):1231-2. doi: 10.1126/science.1211815.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Zoology and Oxford Martin School Institute of Biodiversity, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK. charles.godfray@zoo.ox.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21885765" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Agriculture ; Animals ; *Biodiversity ; Birds ; *Conservation of Natural Resources ; Crops, Agricultural/*growth & development ; *Ecosystem ; *Food ; Ghana ; India ; Population Density ; Trees
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    Low-dose radiation knowledge worth the cost (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-04-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barcellos-Hoff, Mary Helen -- Brenner, David J -- Brooks, Antone L -- Formenti, Silvia -- Hlatky, Lyn -- Locke, Paul A -- Shore, Roy -- Tenforde, Thomas -- Travis, Elizabeth L -- Williams, Jacqueline -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Apr 15;332(6027):305-6. doi: 10.1126/science.332.6027.305-b.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21493843" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biomedical Research/*economics ; Budgets ; Humans ; *Radiation Dosage ; *Radiation Effects ; United States ; United States Government Agencies/economics
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    Different B cell populations mediate early and late memory during an endogenous immune response (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-02-12
    Description: Memory B cells formed in response to microbial antigens provide immunity to later infections; however, the inability to detect rare endogenous antigen-specific cells limits current understanding of this process. Using an antigen-based technique to enrich these cells, we found that immunization with a model protein generated B memory cells that expressed isotype-switched immunoglobulins (swIg) or retained IgM. The more numerous IgM(+) cells were longer lived than the swIg(+) cells. However, swIg(+) memory cells dominated the secondary response because of the capacity to become activated in the presence of neutralizing serum immunoglobulin. Thus, we propose that memory relies on swIg(+) cells until they disappear and serum immunoglobulin falls to a low level, in which case memory resides with durable IgM(+) reserves.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3993090/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3993090/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pape, Kathryn A -- Taylor, Justin J -- Maul, Robert W -- Gearhart, Patricia J -- Jenkins, Marc K -- F32 AI091033/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI036914/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI039614/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R37 AI027998/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- T32 CA009138/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- Intramural NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Mar 4;331(6021):1203-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1201730. Epub 2011 Feb 10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology, Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21310965" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens/immunology ; Antigens, CD38/analysis ; B-Lymphocyte Subsets/*immunology ; Cell Survival ; Female ; Germinal Center/cytology/immunology ; Immunization ; *Immunoglobulin Class Switching ; Immunoglobulin M/genetics/*immunology ; *Immunologic Memory ; Lymph Nodes/cytology/immunology ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mutation ; Phycocyanin/immunology ; Phycoerythrin/immunology ; Spleen/cytology/immunology
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    Cascading effects of bird functional extinction reduce pollination and plant density (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-02-05
    Description: Reductions in bird numbers could hamper ecosystem services such as pollination, but experimental proof is lacking. We show that functional extinction of bird pollinators has reduced pollination, seed production, and plant density in the shrub Rhabdothamnus solandri (Gesneriaceae) on the North Island ("mainland") of New Zealand but not on three nearby island bird sanctuaries where birds remain abundant. Pollen limitation of fruit set is strong [pollen limitation index (PLI) = 0.69] and significant on the mainland but small (PLI = 0.15) and nonsignificant on islands. Seed production per flower on the mainland is reduced 84%. Mainland sites have similar adult densities, but 55% fewer juvenile plants per adult, than island sites. Seed addition experiments near adult R. solandri plants on the mainland found strong seed limitation 5 years after sowing for R. solandri but not for two other co-occurring woody species. This demonstrates a terrestrial trophic cascade.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Anderson, Sandra H -- Kelly, Dave -- Ladley, Jenny J -- Molloy, Sue -- Terry, Jon -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Feb 25;331(6020):1068-71. doi: 10.1126/science.1199092. Epub 2011 Feb 3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21292938" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Angiosperms/growth & development/*physiology ; Animals ; *Ecosystem ; Extinction, Biological ; Flowers ; Fruit/growth & development ; New Zealand ; *Passeriformes ; *Pollination ; Population Dynamics ; Seed Dispersal ; Seeds ; Trees
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    2012 U.S. budget. Science stays on track in last-minute spending bill (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-12-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cho, Adrian -- Kaiser, Jocelyn -- Malakoff, David -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Dec 23;334(6063):1613. doi: 10.1126/science.334.6063.1613.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22194535" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Budgets/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Financing, Government ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*economics ; United States ; United States Government Agencies/*economics
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    A passion for early education. Interview by Jeffrey Mervis (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lombardi, Joan -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Aug 19;333(6045):957-8. doi: 10.1126/science.333.6045.957.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21852485" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Child Care/standards ; Child, Preschool ; *Early Intervention (Education)/standards ; *Education ; Faculty/standards ; Humans ; Politics ; Program Evaluation ; Research ; United States ; United States Dept. of Health and Human Services/*organization & administration
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    Degradation of paternal mitochondria by fertilization-triggered autophagy in C. elegans embryos (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-10-15
    Description: The mitochondrial genome is believed to be maternally inherited in many eukaryotes. Sperm-derived paternal mitochondria enter the oocyte cytoplasm upon fertilization and then normally disappear during early embryogenesis. However, the mechanism responsible for this clearance has been unknown. Here, we show that autophagy, which delivers cytosolic components to lysosomes for degradation, is required for the elimination of paternal mitochondria in Caenorhabditis elegans. Immediately after fertilization, sperm-derived components trigger the localized induction of autophagy around sperm mitochondria. Autophagosomes engulf paternal mitochondria, resulting in their lysosomal degradation during early embryogenesis. In autophagy-defective zygotes, paternal mitochondria and their genome remain even in the first larval stage. Thus, fertilization-triggered autophagy is required for selective degradation of paternal mitochondria and thereby maternal inheritance of mitochondrial DNA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sato, Miyuki -- Sato, Ken -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Nov 25;334(6059):1141-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1210333. Epub 2011 Oct 13.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Molecular Traffic, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21998252" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Autophagy ; Caenorhabditis elegans/*embryology/genetics/physiology ; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; DNA, Helminth/analysis/genetics ; DNA, Mitochondrial/analysis/genetics ; Embryo, Nonmammalian/*physiology ; Embryonic Development ; *Fertilization ; Genome, Mitochondrial ; Hermaphroditic Organisms ; Lysosomes/metabolism ; Male ; Mitochondria/genetics/*metabolism ; Mutation ; Oocytes/physiology ; Phagosomes/*physiology ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; Spermatozoa/ultrastructure ; Ubiquitination
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    Medicine. The genetics of primary aldosteronism (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-02-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Funder, John W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Feb 11;331(6018):685-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1202887.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Prince Henry's Institute of Medical Research, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia. john.funder@princehenrys.org〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21310991" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms/*genetics/physiopathology ; Adrenal Glands/pathology ; Adrenocortical Adenoma/*genetics/physiopathology ; Aldosterone/*metabolism ; Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; G Protein-Coupled Inwardly-Rectifying Potassium Channels/*genetics/metabolism ; Humans ; Hyperaldosteronism/*genetics/physiopathology ; Hyperplasia ; Hypertension/physiopathology ; Male ; Mice ; Mutation
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    U.S. science and austerity. Darwinism vs. social engineering at NIH (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-11-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Nov 11;334(6057):753-4. doi: 10.1126/science.334.6057.753.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22076357" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biomedical Research/*economics ; Budgets ; *Financing, Government ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*economics/organization & administration ; Research Personnel/supply & distribution ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States
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    National Institutes of Health. Drug-screening program looking for a home (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-10-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Oct 21;334(6054):299. doi: 10.1126/science.334.6054.299.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22021828" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Budgets ; *Drug Discovery ; *Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; High-Throughput Screening Assays ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/economics/organization & administration ; *Small Molecule Libraries ; United States
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    Assessing performance through understanding (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-02-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cintas, Pedro -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Feb 11;331(6018):673. doi: 10.1126/science.331.6018.673-b.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21310983" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Education/*standards ; Educational Measurement ; European Union ; Humans ; Learning ; Mathematics/*education ; Science/*education ; Spain ; United States
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    Undercutting the grant process (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-02-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gade, Alexandra M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Feb 11;331(6018):673. doi: 10.1126/science.331.6018.673-a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21310984" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Budgets ; *Financing, Government ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States ; United States Government Agencies/*economics
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    Taking stock of the biodefense boom (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-09-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Sep 2;333(6047):1214-5. doi: 10.1126/science.333.6047.1214.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21885751" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biological Warfare/*prevention & control ; Bioterrorism/*prevention & control ; Containment of Biohazards/economics ; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (U.S.) ; *Security Measures/economics ; United States
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    Human subjects research. Panel blasts ethics, science of 1940s Guatemala studies (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-09-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Sep 2;333(6047):1211. doi: 10.1126/science.333.6047.1211.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21885749" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; *Ethics, Research ; Guatemala ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; *Informed Consent ; Military Personnel ; Nontherapeutic Human Experimentation/ethics/*history ; Penicillins/therapeutic use ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases/*history/prevention & control ; United States ; United States Public Health Service/history
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Biomedical research funding. NIH uncovers racial disparity in grant awards (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Aug 19;333(6045):925-6. doi: 10.1126/science.333.6045.925.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21852462" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: African Americans ; *African Continental Ancestry Group ; Biomedical Research/*economics ; Financing, Government ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*economics ; *Peer Review, Research ; Prejudice ; *Research Personnel/economics/education ; Research Support as Topic/*statistics & numerical data ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    GRK2-dependent S1PR1 desensitization is required for lymphocytes to overcome their attraction to blood (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-10-01
    Description: Lymphocytes egress from lymphoid organs in response to sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P); minutes later they migrate from blood into tissue against the S1P gradient. The mechanisms facilitating cell movement against the gradient have not been defined. Here, we show that heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein-coupled receptor kinase-2 (GRK2) functions in down-regulation of S1P receptor-1 (S1PR1) on blood-exposed lymphocytes. T and B cell movement from blood into lymph nodes is reduced in the absence of GRK2 but is restored in S1P-deficient mice. In the spleen, B cell movement between the blood-rich marginal zone and follicles is disrupted by GRK2 deficiency and by mutation of an S1PR1 desensitization motif. Moreover, delivery of systemic antigen into follicles is impaired. Thus, GRK2-dependent S1PR1 desensitization allows lymphocytes to escape circulatory fluids and migrate into lymphoid tissues.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3267326/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3267326/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Arnon, Tal I -- Xu, Ying -- Lo, Charles -- Pham, Trung -- An, Jinping -- Coughlin, Shaun -- Dorn, Gerald W -- Cyster, Jason G -- AI74847/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI074847/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI074847-05/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Sep 30;333(6051):1898-903. doi: 10.1126/science.1208248.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21960637" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigen-Antibody Complex/immunology ; B-Lymphocytes/immunology/*physiology ; Blood ; Cell Movement ; Chemokines/physiology ; Chemotaxis, Leukocyte ; Down-Regulation ; G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 2/*metabolism ; Ligands ; Lymph Nodes/cytology ; Lysophospholipids/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mutation ; Receptors, Lysosphingolipid/genetics/*metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Sphingosine/analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; Spleen/cytology/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology/*physiology
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    Coupled, circumferential motions of the cell wall synthesis machinery and MreB filaments in B. subtilis (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-06-04
    Description: Rod-shaped bacteria elongate by the action of cell wall synthesis complexes linked to underlying dynamic MreB filaments. To understand how the movements of these filaments relate to cell wall synthesis, we characterized the dynamics of MreB and the cell wall elongation machinery using high-precision particle tracking in Bacillus subtilis. We found that MreB and the elongation machinery moved circumferentially around the cell, perpendicular to its length, with nearby synthesis complexes and MreB filaments moving independently in both directions. Inhibition of cell wall synthesis by various methods blocked the movement of MreB. Thus, bacteria elongate by the uncoordinated, circumferential movements of synthetic complexes that insert radial hoops of new peptidoglycan during their transit, possibly driving the motion of the underlying MreB filaments.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3235694/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3235694/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Garner, Ethan C -- Bernard, Remi -- Wang, Wenqin -- Zhuang, Xiaowei -- Rudner, David Z -- Mitchison, Tim -- R01 GM039565/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM039565-24/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM073831/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM096450/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01-GM073831/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01-GM096450/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01-GM39565/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Jul 8;333(6039):222-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1203285. Epub 2011 Jun 2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. ethan.garner@hms.harvard.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21636745" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Bacillus subtilis/drug effects/*growth & development/*metabolism/ultrastructure ; Bacterial Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Cell Wall/*metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Morphogenesis ; Motion ; Mutation ; Peptidoglycan/chemistry/*metabolism ; Polymerization ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/chemistry/metabolism
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    Embryonic stem cells. NIH wins suit challenging legality of research (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Aug 5;333(6043):683. doi: 10.1126/science.333.6043.683.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21817023" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Embryonic Stem Cells ; Humans ; Jurisprudence ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Stem Cell Research/*legislation & jurisprudence ; United States
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    Geography. Understanding tribal fates (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-11-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Arthur, Ronan -- Diamond, Jared -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Nov 18;334(6058):911-2. doi: 10.1126/science.1213787.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Geography Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1524, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22096177" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Culture ; Geography ; Humans ; *Indians, North American ; Language ; *Population Growth ; Southwestern United States ; United States
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    Measuring student development (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-05-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Asai, David J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 May 20;332(6032):895. doi: 10.1126/science.1207680.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21596961" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; *Program Evaluation ; Science/*education ; United States
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    Biomedicine. NIH's secondhand shop for tried-and-tested drugs (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-06-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Jun 24;332(6037):1492. doi: 10.1126/science.332.6037.1492.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21700846" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biomedical Research ; *Databases, Factual ; Drug Industry ; *Drug Repositioning ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/organization & administration ; United States
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    Sequence and structural convergence of broad and potent HIV antibodies that mimic CD4 binding (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-07-19
    Description: Passive transfer of broadly neutralizing HIV antibodies can prevent infection, which suggests that vaccines that elicit such antibodies would be protective. Thus far, however, few broadly neutralizing HIV antibodies that occur naturally have been characterized. To determine whether these antibodies are part of a larger group of related molecules, we cloned 576 new HIV antibodies from four unrelated individuals. All four individuals produced expanded clones of potent broadly neutralizing CD4-binding-site antibodies that mimic binding to CD4. Despite extensive hypermutation, the new antibodies shared a consensus sequence of 68 immunoglobulin H (IgH) chain amino acids and arise independently from two related IgH genes. Comparison of the crystal structure of one of the antibodies to the broadly neutralizing antibody VRC01 revealed conservation of the contacts to the HIV spike.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3351836/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3351836/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Scheid, Johannes F -- Mouquet, Hugo -- Ueberheide, Beatrix -- Diskin, Ron -- Klein, Florian -- Oliveira, Thiago Y K -- Pietzsch, John -- Fenyo, David -- Abadir, Alexander -- Velinzon, Klara -- Hurley, Arlene -- Myung, Sunnie -- Boulad, Farid -- Poignard, Pascal -- Burton, Dennis R -- Pereyra, Florencia -- Ho, David D -- Walker, Bruce D -- Seaman, Michael S -- Bjorkman, Pamela J -- Chait, Brian T -- Nussenzweig, Michel C -- P01 AI081677/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P30 AI060354/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI033292/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- RR00862/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- RR022220/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Sep 16;333(6049):1633-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1207227. Epub 2011 Jul 14.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21764753" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Antibodies, Neutralizing/*chemistry/*immunology/metabolism ; Antibody Affinity ; Antibody Specificity ; Antigens, CD4/immunology/*metabolism ; Binding Sites ; Binding Sites, Antibody ; Cloning, Molecular ; Consensus Sequence ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Genes, Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain ; HIV Antibodies/*chemistry/*immunology/metabolism ; HIV Envelope Protein gp120/chemistry/*immunology/metabolism ; HIV Infections/immunology ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments/chemistry ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/chemistry ; Immunoglobulin Light Chains/chemistry ; Molecular Mimicry ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Protein Conformation
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    Drug regulatory systems must foster innovation (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-04-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schellekens, Huub -- Moors, Ellen -- Leufkens, H G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Apr 8;332(6026):174-5. doi: 10.1126/science.332.6026.174.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21474737" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Diffusion of Innovation ; *Drug Discovery ; *Drug and Narcotic Control ; United States
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    Global invasion history of the fire ant Solenopsis invicta (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-02-26
    Description: The fire ant Solenopsis invicta is a significant pest that was inadvertently introduced into the southern United States almost a century ago and more recently into California and other regions of the world. An assessment of genetic variation at a diverse set of molecular markers in 2144 fire ant colonies from 75 geographic sites worldwide revealed that at least nine separate introductions of S. invicta have occurred into newly invaded areas and that the main southern U.S. population is probably the source of all but one of these introductions. The sole exception involves a putative serial invasion from the southern United States to California to Taiwan. These results illustrate in stark fashion a severe negative consequence of an increasingly massive and interconnected global trade and travel system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ascunce, Marina S -- Yang, Chin-Cheng -- Oakey, Jane -- Calcaterra, Luis -- Wu, Wen-Jer -- Shih, Cheng-Jen -- Goudet, Jerome -- Ross, Kenneth G -- Shoemaker, DeWayne -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Feb 25;331(6020):1066-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1198734.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉USDA-ARS Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology, 1600/1700 Southwest 23rd Drive, Gainesville, FL, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21350177" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Ants/genetics ; Asia ; Australia ; Bayes Theorem ; Commerce ; Computer Simulation ; DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics ; Female ; Genes, Insect ; Genetic Variation ; Genotype ; Haplotypes ; *Introduced Species ; Male ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Population Dynamics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; South America ; Travel ; United States
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    Stem cells. NIH wins in appeals court, but legal battle continues (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-05-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 May 6;332(6030):651. doi: 10.1126/science.332.6030.651.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21551039" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Embryo Research/economics/*legislation & jurisprudence ; *Embryonic Stem Cells ; Financing, Government/legislation & jurisprudence ; Guidelines as Topic ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/economics/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Research Support as Topic/legislation & jurisprudence ; United States
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    African wild ungulates compete with or facilitate cattle depending on season (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-09-24
    Description: Savannas worldwide are vital for both socioeconomic and biodiversity values. In these ecosystems, management decisions are based on the perception that wildlife and livestock compete for food, yet there are virtually no experimental data to support this assumption. We examined the effects of wild African ungulates on cattle performance, food intake, and diet quality. Wild ungulates depressed cattle food intake and performance during the dry season (competition) but enhanced cattle diet quality and performance during the wet season (facilitation). These results extend our understanding of the context-dependent-competition-facilitation balance, in general, and are critical for better understanding and managing wildlife-livestock coexistence in human-occupied savanna landscapes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Odadi, Wilfred O -- Karachi, Moses K -- Abdulrazak, Shaukat A -- Young, Truman P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Sep 23;333(6050):1753-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1208468.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Mpala Research Centre, Post Office Box 555, Nanyuki 10400, Kenya. woodadi@yahoo.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21940896" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Animals, Wild/anatomy & histology/physiology ; Biodiversity ; Body Size ; Body Weight ; *Cattle/anatomy & histology/physiology ; Diet ; *Ecosystem ; Elephants/anatomy & histology/physiology ; Equidae/physiology ; *Feeding Behavior ; Food Chain ; Kenya ; Poaceae ; Ruminants/anatomy & histology/physiology ; Seasons
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    Medicine. Shortages of cancer drugs put patients, trials at risk (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-04-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Apr 29;332(6029):523. doi: 10.1126/science.332.6029.523.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21527686" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antineoplastic Agents/economics/*supply & distribution ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; *Drug Industry/economics/legislation & jurisprudence ; Drugs, Generic/economics/*supply & distribution ; Humans ; United States
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    Retrospective. Walter M. Fitch (1929-2011) (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-05-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Atchley, William R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 May 13;332(6031):804. doi: 10.1126/science.1207426.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Genetics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA. bill@atchleylab.org〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21566183" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Evolution, Molecular ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Periodicals as Topic/history ; Societies, Scientific/history/organization & administration ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Radiology. Second thoughts about CT imaging (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-02-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schenkman, Lauren -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Feb 25;331(6020):1002-4. doi: 10.1126/science.331.6020.1002.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21350139" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Child ; Government Regulation ; Humans ; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced/epidemiology/*etiology/mortality ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; *Radiation Dosage ; Risk Factors ; Tomography Scanners, X-Ray Computed/*standards ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/*adverse effects/standards ; United States ; United States Food and Drug Administration
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 83
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    Eradication. Pressure growing to set a date to destroy remaining smallpox stocks (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-01-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Jan 28;331(6016):389. doi: 10.1126/science.331.6016.389.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21273461" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Advisory Committees ; Animals ; Antiviral Agents/pharmacology ; *Biological Specimen Banks ; *Biomedical Research ; Humans ; Russia ; *Smallpox/diagnosis/drug therapy/prevention & control ; Smallpox Vaccine ; United States ; *Variola virus/drug effects/genetics ; *World Health Organization
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 84
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    Climate. Running out of climate space (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-11-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ohlemuller, Ralf -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Nov 4;334(6056):613-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1214215.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, and Institute of Hazard, Risk and Resilience (IHRR), Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK. ralf.ohlemuller@durham.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22053039" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biodiversity ; *Climate Change ; *Ecosystem
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 85
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    Energy. Despite data gaps, U.S. moves closer to drilling in Arctic Ocean (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schmidt, Charles -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Aug 12;333(6044):812-3. doi: 10.1126/science.333.6044.812.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21835992" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arctic Regions ; *Ecosystem ; *Environment ; *Ice Cover ; Oceans and Seas ; *Petroleum ; United States ; Water Movements
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    U.S. science policy. Collins sparks furor with proposed NIH reshuffling (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-01-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Jan 28;331(6016):386. doi: 10.1126/science.331.6016.386.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21273458" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/economics/legislation & ; jurisprudence/*organization & administration ; Policy ; Translational Medical Research/economics/*organization & administration ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 87
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    Comment on "Erosion of lizard diversity by climate change and altered thermal niches" (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-04-30
    Description: Using a regionally calibrated model, Sinervo et al. (Reports, 14 May 2010, p. 894) predicted potential climate change impacts on lizard populations and estimated that many extinctions are under way. We argue that this model is not sufficient for predicting global losses in lizard species in response to anthropogenic climate change.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Clusella-Trullas, Susana -- Chown, Steven L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Apr 29;332(6029):537; author reply 537. doi: 10.1126/science.1195193.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa. sct333@sun.ac.za〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21527699" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Body Temperature ; Body Temperature Regulation ; *Climate Change ; *Ecosystem ; *Extinction, Biological ; Forecasting ; *Lizards ; Models, Biological ; Population Dynamics ; Temperature
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  • 88
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    Industrial melanism in British peppered moths has a singular and recent mutational origin (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-04-16
    Description: The rapid spread of a novel black form (known as carbonaria) of the peppered moth Biston betularia in 19th-century Britain is a textbook example of how an altered environment may produce morphological adaptation through genetic change. However, the underlying genetic basis of the difference between the wild-type (light-colored) and carbonaria forms has remained unknown. We have genetically mapped the carbonaria morph to a 200-kilobase region orthologous to a segment of silkworm chromosome 17 and show that there is only one core sequence variant associated with the carbonaria morph, carrying a signature of recent strong selection. The carbonaria region coincides with major wing-patterning loci in other lepidopteran systems, suggesting the existence of basal color-patterning regulators in this region.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉van't Hof, Arjen E -- Edmonds, Nicola -- Dalikova, Martina -- Marec, Frantisek -- Saccheri, Ilik J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 May 20;332(6032):958-60. doi: 10.1126/science.1203043. Epub 2011 Apr 14.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21493823" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptation, Physiological/*genetics ; Alleles ; Animals ; Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes, Insect/*genetics ; Genes, Insect ; Genetic Loci ; Genotype ; Great Britain ; Haplotypes ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; Melanins/*analysis/*genetics ; Moths/*genetics/physiology ; Mutation ; Pigmentation/*genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; *Selection, Genetic
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  • 89
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    Fisheries science. Rejected salmon plan could bring changes to U.S. dams (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Service, Robert F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Aug 12;333(6044):811. doi: 10.1126/science.333.6044.811.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21835991" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Ecosystem ; Endangered Species ; *Fisheries ; *Oncorhynchus mykiss ; *Rivers ; *Salmon ; United States ; Water Movements
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  • 90
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    Freshwater methane emissions offset the continental carbon sink (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-01-08
    Description: Inland waters (lakes, reservoirs, streams, and rivers) are often substantial methane (CH(4)) sources in the terrestrial landscape. They are, however, not yet well integrated in global greenhouse gas (GHG) budgets. Data from 474 freshwater ecosystems and the most recent global water area estimates indicate that freshwaters emit at least 103 teragrams of CH(4) year(-1), corresponding to 0.65 petagrams of C as carbon dioxide (CO(2)) equivalents year(-1), offsetting 25% of the estimated land carbon sink. Thus, the continental GHG sink may be considerably overestimated, and freshwaters need to be recognized as important in the global carbon cycle.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bastviken, David -- Tranvik, Lars J -- Downing, John A -- Crill, Patrick M -- Enrich-Prast, Alex -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Jan 7;331(6013):50. doi: 10.1126/science.1196808.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Thematic Studies-Water and Environmental Studies, Linkoping University, SE-58183 Linkoping, Sweden. david.bastviken@liu.se〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21212349" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Carbon Sequestration ; *Ecosystem ; *Fresh Water/chemistry ; *Methane/metabolism ; Plant Development ; Plants/metabolism
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  • 91
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    Public health. Boosting health services research (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-09-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3232017/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3232017/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cook-Deegan, Robert -- P50 HG003391/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- P50 HG003391-01/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Sep 9;333(6048):1384-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1208201.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Fondation Brocher, 1248 Hermance, Switzerland. gelp@duke.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21903796" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biomedical Research/economics/organization & administration ; Financing, Government ; Health Policy ; *Health Services Research/economics/organization & administration ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/organization & administration ; Politics ; *Public Health ; Research Support as Topic ; United States ; *United States Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality/economics/organization ; & administration
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  • 92
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    Manufacturing decline yields drug shortages (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-07-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Connelly, Patrick -- Quinn, Brian Patrick -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Jul 8;333(6039):156-7. doi: 10.1126/science.333.6039.156-b.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21737721" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antineoplastic Agents/*supply & distribution ; Cytarabine/*supply & distribution ; *Drug Industry ; Private Sector ; Public Sector ; United States
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  • 93
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    Invasives: sea of data still to come (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marques, Antonio Carlos -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Aug 19;333(6045):936. doi: 10.1126/science.333.6045.936-a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21852472" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Aquatic Organisms ; *Ecosystem ; *Introduced Species ; *Invertebrates ; Population Dynamics
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  • 94
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    7000 years of Emiliania huxleyi viruses in the Black Sea (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-07-23
    Description: A 7000-year record of Coccolithovirus and its host, the calcifying haptophyte Emiliania huxleyi, was reconstructed on the basis of genetic signatures preserved in sediments underlying the Black Sea. The data show that the same virus and host populations can persist for centuries. Major changes in virus and host populations occurred during early sapropel deposition, ~5600 years ago, and throughout the formation of the coccolith-bearing sediments of Unit I during the past 2500 years, when the Black Sea experienced dramatic changes in hydrologic and nutrient regimes. Unit I saw a reoccurrence of the same host genotype thousands of years later in the presence of a different subset of viruses. Historical plankton virus populations can thus be included in paleoecological and paleoenvironmental studies.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Coolen, Marco J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Jul 22;333(6041):451-2. doi: 10.1126/science.1200072.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA. mcoolen@whoi.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21778399" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Black Sea ; Capsid Proteins/genetics ; DNA, Viral/classification/genetics ; Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ; *Ecosystem ; Electron Transport Complex IV/genetics ; *Genes, Viral ; Genotype ; *Geologic Sediments ; *Haptophyta/classification/genetics/virology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phosphoglycerate Mutase/genetics ; *Phycodnaviridae/classification/genetics/isolation & purification ; Phylogeny ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Population Dynamics ; Seawater ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Time
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    U.S. science and austerity. Setting priorities has never been fun (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-11-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, Eliot -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Nov 11;334(6057):752. doi: 10.1126/science.334.6057.752.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22076356" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biomedical Research/economics ; Budgets ; *Financing, Government/legislation & jurisprudence ; Politics ; *Research/economics/legislation & jurisprudence ; *Research Support as Topic/legislation & jurisprudence ; *Science ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 96
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    MED12, the mediator complex subunit 12 gene, is mutated at high frequency in uterine leiomyomas (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-27
    Description: Uterine leiomyomas, or fibroids, are benign tumors that affect millions of women worldwide and that can cause considerable morbidity. To study the genetic basis of this tumor type, we examined 18 uterine leiomyomas derived from 17 different patients by exome sequencing and identified tumor-specific mutations in the mediator complex subunit 12 (MED12) gene in 10. Through analysis of 207 additional tumors, we determined that MED12 is altered in 70% (159 of 225) of tumors from a total of 80 patients. The Mediator complex is a 26-subunit transcriptional regulator that bridges DNA regulatory sequences to the RNA polymerase II initiation complex. All mutations resided in exon 2, suggesting that aberrant function of this region of MED12 contributes to tumorigenesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Makinen, Netta -- Mehine, Miika -- Tolvanen, Jaana -- Kaasinen, Eevi -- Li, Yilong -- Lehtonen, Heli J -- Gentile, Massimiliano -- Yan, Jian -- Enge, Martin -- Taipale, Minna -- Aavikko, Mervi -- Katainen, Riku -- Virolainen, Elina -- Bohling, Tom -- Koski, Taru A -- Launonen, Virpi -- Sjoberg, Jari -- Taipale, Jussi -- Vahteristo, Pia -- Aaltonen, Lauri A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Oct 14;334(6053):252-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1208930. Epub 2011 Aug 25.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medical Genetics, Genome-Scale Biology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21868628" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Codon ; Exons ; Female ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Humans ; INDEL Mutation ; Introns ; Leiomyoma/*genetics/metabolism ; Mediator Complex/*genetics ; Mutation ; Mutation, Missense ; Signal Transduction ; Uterine Neoplasms/*genetics/metabolism
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  • 97
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    Retrospective. John Harmen Marburger III (1941-2011) (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-09-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Orbach, Raymond L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Sep 2;333(6047):1233. doi: 10.1126/science.1212357.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Energy Institute, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78705, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21885766" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; New York ; Physics/history ; Public Policy/history ; Science/*history ; United States ; Universities/history/organization & administration
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  • 98
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    Cancer research and the $90 billion metaphor (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-03-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, Eliot -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Mar 25;331(6024):1540-1. doi: 10.1126/science.331.6024.1540-a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21436436" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biomedical Research/*economics ; Financing, Government ; Humans ; National Cancer Institute (U.S.)/*economics/legislation & jurisprudence ; *Neoplasms/epidemiology/mortality/therapy ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 99
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    A potent and broad neutralizing antibody recognizes and penetrates the HIV glycan shield (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-10-15
    Description: The HIV envelope (Env) protein gp120 is protected from antibody recognition by a dense glycan shield. However, several of the recently identified PGT broadly neutralizing antibodies appear to interact directly with the HIV glycan coat. Crystal structures of antigen-binding fragments (Fabs) PGT 127 and 128 with Man(9) at 1.65 and 1.29 angstrom resolution, respectively, and glycan binding data delineate a specific high mannose-binding site. Fab PGT 128 complexed with a fully glycosylated gp120 outer domain at 3.25 angstroms reveals that the antibody penetrates the glycan shield and recognizes two conserved glycans as well as a short beta-strand segment of the gp120 V3 loop, accounting for its high binding affinity and broad specificity. Furthermore, our data suggest that the high neutralization potency of PGT 127 and 128 immunoglobulin Gs may be mediated by cross-linking Env trimers on the viral surface.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3280215/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3280215/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pejchal, Robert -- Doores, Katie J -- Walker, Laura M -- Khayat, Reza -- Huang, Po-Ssu -- Wang, Sheng-Kai -- Stanfield, Robyn L -- Julien, Jean-Philippe -- Ramos, Alejandra -- Crispin, Max -- Depetris, Rafael -- Katpally, Umesh -- Marozsan, Andre -- Cupo, Albert -- Maloveste, Sebastien -- Liu, Yan -- McBride, Ryan -- Ito, Yukishige -- Sanders, Rogier W -- Ogohara, Cassandra -- Paulson, James C -- Feizi, Ten -- Scanlan, Christopher N -- Wong, Chi-Huey -- Moore, John P -- Olson, William C -- Ward, Andrew B -- Poignard, Pascal -- Schief, William R -- Burton, Dennis R -- Wilson, Ian A -- AI082362/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI33292/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI74372/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI84817/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- F32 AI074372-03/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- HFE-224662/Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada -- P01 AI082362/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P01 AI082362-03/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P01 AI082362-04/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P41RR001209/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI033292/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI033292-14/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI084817/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI084817-04/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- RR017573/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- U01 CA128416/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- Y1-CO-1020/CO/NCI NIH HHS/ -- Y1-GM-1104/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Nov 25;334(6059):1097-103. doi: 10.1126/science.1213256. Epub 2011 Oct 13.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Biology, Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology and International AIDS Vaccine Initiative (IAVI) Neutralizing Antibody Center, nhe Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21998254" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antibodies, Neutralizing/chemistry/genetics/*immunology/metabolism ; Antibody Specificity ; Binding Sites, Antibody ; Carbohydrate Conformation ; Cell Line ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Disaccharides/chemistry/metabolism ; Epitopes ; Glycosylation ; HIV Antibodies/chemistry/genetics/*immunology/*metabolism ; HIV Envelope Protein gp120/chemistry/*immunology/metabolism ; HIV-1/*immunology/physiology ; Humans ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments/chemistry/immunology/metabolism ; Mannose/chemistry/immunology/metabolism ; Mannosides/chemistry/metabolism ; Models, Molecular ; Mutation ; Oligosaccharides/chemistry/*immunology/metabolism ; Polysaccharides/chemistry/*immunology/*metabolism ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Structure, Tertiary
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    From science to policy in early childhood education (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-20
    Description: This paper examines the relationship between scientific research and public policy. After explaining why the simple conversion of research into public law is unlikely, several factors are identified that can promote the use of research by public officials. Examples of use and non-use are cited from early childhood education, where empirical evidence on program effects is relatively strong. Some specific suggestions are offered for improving the connection between science and public policy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gormley, William T Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Aug 19;333(6045):978-81. doi: 10.1126/science.1206150.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Public Policy Institute, Georgetown University, 305 Old North, Washington, DC 20057, USA. gormleyw@georgetown.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21852491" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Child, Preschool ; *Early Intervention (Education) ; *Education ; Humans ; Policy Making ; *Public Policy ; *Research ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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