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  • 101
    Publication Date: 1981-02-06
    Description: Arginine vasopressin and a number of its synthetic analogs augment memory functions in experimental animals. One of these analogs, 1-desamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin (DDAVP), influences human learning and memory. Cognitively unimpaired, as well as cognitively impaired adults, treated with DDAVP for a period of several days, learn information more effectively, as measured by the completeness, organization, and consistency (reliability) of recall. DDAVP also appears to reverse partially the retrograde amnesia that follows electroconvulsive treatment.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weingartner, H -- Gold, P -- Ballenger, J C -- Smallberg, S A -- Summers, R -- Rubinow, D R -- Post, R M -- Goodwin, F K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Feb 6;211(4482):601-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7455701" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Arginine Vasopressin/*pharmacology ; Cognition/drug effects ; Deamino Arginine Vasopressin/pharmacology ; Depression/physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Learning/*drug effects ; Male ; Memory/*drug effects ; Middle Aged
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    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
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  • 102
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-08-07
    Description: The tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate causes differentiation of cells of the human leukemia cell line HL60 to nondividing macrophage-like cells. These differentiated cells are cytotoxic for tumor cells (including parent, untreated HL60 cells) in vitro. Agents that induce this desirable differentiation to nondividing, antitumor effector cells may be useful in the experimental treatment of leukemia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weinberg, J B -- 27070-02/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Aug 7;213(4508):655-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7196085" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Differentiation/drug effects ; Cell Line ; *Cytotoxicity, Immunologic ; Humans ; Immunity, Cellular ; Leukemia, Experimental/immunology/*pathology ; Macrophages/cytology/*immunology ; Phorbols/*pharmacology ; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/*pharmacology
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  • 103
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-05-01
    Description: Histidine-requiring mutants of Salmonella typhimurium TA100 were incubated with human peripheral blood leukocytes. More of these bacteria reverted to histidine independence than controls not incubated with cells. Phagocyte-rich suspensions were mutagenic, while heat-killed cells, lymphocytes, or mixed blood leukocytes of a patient with chronic granulomatous disease were not. Production of reactive oxygen metabolites could explain the capacity of phagocytes to induce mutation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weitzman, S A -- Stossel, T P -- CA 09321/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 1;212(4494):546-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6259738" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Granulomatous Disease, Chronic/physiopathology ; Humans ; Leukocytes/physiology ; Mutagenicity Tests ; *Mutation ; Oxygen/*adverse effects ; Peroxides/adverse effects ; Phagocytes/*physiology ; Salmonella typhimurium/genetics ; Superoxides/adverse effects
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  • 104
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-03-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wilson, J D -- George, F W -- Griffin, J E -- AM03892/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Mar 20;211(4488):1278-84.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7010602" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anti-Mullerian Hormone ; Estradiol/metabolism/*physiology ; Female ; *Glycoproteins ; Gonadotropins/physiology ; *Growth Inhibitors ; Humans ; Male ; Morphogenesis ; Mullerian Ducts ; Ovary/embryology ; Rabbits ; Receptors, Androgen/metabolism ; *Sex Differentiation ; Testicular Hormones/*physiology ; Testis/embryology/secretion ; Testosterone/metabolism/*physiology ; Time Factors ; Urogenital System/embryology ; Wolffian Ducts
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  • 105
    Publication Date: 1981-06-05
    Description: A genetically determined deficiency of the third component of complement (C3) has been identified in a colony of Brittany spaniels. Immunochemical methods show no detectable C3 in the serum of the affected dogs, and there is no evidence of an inhibitor of C3 in the serum. The C3 deficiency appears to be transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Winkelstein, J A -- Cork, L C -- Griffin, D E -- Griffin, J W -- Adams, R J -- Price, D L -- AI-11637/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- NS-10580/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- RR-00130/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 5;212(4499):1169-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233211" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Complement C3/deficiency/*genetics ; Dog Diseases/genetics ; Dogs ; Female ; Genes, Recessive ; Heterozygote Detection ; Homozygote ; Male ; Muscular Atrophy/genetics/veterinary ; Pedigree
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 106
    Publication Date: 1981-04-03
    Description: The low activity of liver neuraminidase that is characteristic of mouse strain SM/J is inherited as a single gene on chromosome 17, near the major histocompatibility complex. This gene, neuraminidase-1 (Neu-1), is represented by the low activity allele Neu-1s in SM/J and the high activity allele Neu-1b in C57BL/6J and most other strains. Previously described variations in the posttranslational processing of acid phosphatase, alpha-mannosidase, arylsulfatase-B, and alpha-glucosidase are attributed to pleiotropic effects of this gene.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Womack, J E -- Yan, D L -- Potier, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Apr 3;212(4490):63-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7209520" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Animals ; Chromosome Mapping ; Female ; H-2 Antigens/genetics ; Hydrolases/*metabolism ; Liver/enzymology ; Major Histocompatibility Complex ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains/*genetics/metabolism ; Neuraminidase/*genetics ; Protein Precursors/*metabolism ; Recombination, Genetic ; Sialic Acids/metabolism
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  • 107
    Publication Date: 1981-05-08
    Description: The cumulative effects of a repetitive stress induced by anticipation of pain (noxious foot shock) were studied on the threshold of a nociceptive flexion reflex of the lower limb. The threshold of the nociceptive reflex progressively increased with the repetition of the stress. This effect was reversed by naloxone, which even produced hyperalgesia, since a rapid and significant decrease in this threshold, below the initial values, was noted. Tha data provide evidence for involvement of endogenous opioids in the phenomenon of stress-induced analgesia in normal man.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Willer, J C -- Dehen, H -- Cambier, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 8;212(4495):689-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6261330" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Naloxone/pharmacology ; Pain/*physiopathology ; Receptors, Opioid/*physiology ; Reflex/drug effects ; Stress, Psychological/*physiopathology
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  • 108
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-09-25
    Description: Fermentation of food by the microbial community of the rumen is essential for the maintenance and growth of ruminants. The microbial ecosystem and its interaction with the host are described, along with recent attempts to manipulate the composition and activity of the microbial community by adding antibiotics and other chemicals to ruminant diets. A similar microbial community and fermentation occur in the large intestine or cecum of most nonruminant animals including the large intestine of humans. The microbial ecosystems of the rumen and human large intestine are compared.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wolin, M J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Sep 25;213(4515):1463-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7280665" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Carbohydrate Metabolism ; Cattle ; Fatty Acids/metabolism ; Fermentation ; Humans ; Intestine, Large/microbiology/*physiology ; Methane/metabolism ; Rumen/microbiology/*physiology ; Water-Electrolyte Balance
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  • 109
    Publication Date: 1981-07-10
    Description: Southern blot hybridization was used to identify human and other vertebrate DNA sequences that were homologous to cloned DNA fragments containing the oncogenic nucleic acid sequences of three different type C mammalian retroviruses (simian sarcoma virus, the Snyder-Theilen strain of feline sarcoma virus, and the Harvey strain of murine sarcoma virus). Each onc gene counterpart has a single genetic locus, which probably contains non-onc intervening sequences. The human DNA sequences may represent genes important to cell growth or cell differentiation, or both. Their identification and isolation may allow elucidation of their role in these processes and in neoplasias.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wong-Staal, F -- Dalla-Favera, R -- Franchini, G -- Gelmann, E P -- Gallo, R C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 10;213(4504):226-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6264598" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; *Cell Transformation, Viral ; *Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/*genetics ; DNA, Viral/*genetics ; *Genes ; Humans ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Retroviridae/*genetics ; Sarcoma Virus, Woolly Monkey/genetics ; Sarcoma Viruses, Murine/genetics ; Species Specificity
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  • 110
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-07-31
    Description: An established line of mesenchymal cells from the human embryonic palate is highly sensitive to the stimulatory effect of epidermal growth factor on growth, labeled thymidine incorporation, and ornithine decarboxylase activity. The results suggest that epidermal growth factor may play a key role in development of various human embryonic and fetal tissues.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yoneda, T -- Pratt, R M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 31;213(4507):563-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7017936" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Division/drug effects ; Cell Line ; DNA Replication/drug effects ; Embryo, Mammalian ; Epidermal Growth Factor/*pharmacology ; Female ; Humans ; Insulin/pharmacology ; Kinetics ; Organ Specificity ; Ornithine Decarboxylase/metabolism ; Palate/drug effects/*physiology ; Peptides/*pharmacology ; Pregnancy
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  • 111
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-07-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zack, B G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 17;213(4505):291.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7244615" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Abortion, Spontaneous ; *Beginning of Human Life ; *Embryo, Mammalian ; Female ; Humans ; *Jurisprudence ; *Life ; *Personhood ; Pregnancy ; United States
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  • 112
    Publication Date: 1981-06-05
    Description: Certain measures of the auditory average evoked response are sensitive to alcohol and provide evidence for abstinence and tolerance during and after 10 days of alcohol consumption by nonalcoholics. Electroencephalographic techniques provide a single sensitive measure for the study of the etiology of tolerance and abstinence with particular reference to a new area of investigation with nonaddicted humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zilm, D H -- Kaplan, H L -- Capell, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 5;212(4499):1175-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233213" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acoustic Stimulation ; *Alcohol Drinking ; Alcoholism/*physiopathology ; Ethanol/pharmacology ; Evoked Potentials/drug effects ; Eye Movements/drug effects ; Heart Rate/drug effects ; Humans ; Male ; Memory/drug effects ; Posture/drug effects ; *Substance Withdrawal Syndrome
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  • 113
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-06-26
    Description: The development of paranoid reactions was investigated in normal people experiencing a temporary loss of hearing. In a social setting, subjects made partially deaf by hypnotic suggestion, but kept unaware of the source of their deafness, became more paranoid as indicated on a variety of assessment measures. The results support a hypothesizes cognitive-social mechanism for the clinically observed relationship between paranoia and deafness in the elderly.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zimbardo, P G -- Andersen, S M -- Kabat, L G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 26;212(4502):1529-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233242" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Hearing Loss/*psychology ; Hearing Loss, Functional/*psychology ; Humans ; Hypnosis ; Male ; Paranoid Disorders/*etiology ; Personality Tests
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  • 114
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-05-01
    Description: Lead acetate (0.02 or 0.5 percent) was administered to dams throughout the lactation period with half of the litters continuing on lead after weaning. Drug thresholds for d-amphetamine were determined by using the drug-discrimination learning paradigm. All the offspring that had been exposed to lead were less sensitive to the stimulus properties of d-amphetamine irrespective of whether or not they had continued on lead after weaning.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zenick, H -- Goldsmith, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 1;212(4494):569-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7209554" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/drug effects ; Dextroamphetamine/*pharmacology ; Discrimination Learning/*physiology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Fetus/drug effects ; Lead Poisoning/*physiopathology ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Rats
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  • 115
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-09-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bates, G W -- Jackson, E Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Sep 4;213(4512):1145.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7268425" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Catechol O-Methyltransferase/*blood ; Erythrocytes/*enzymology ; Estrone/*analogs & derivatives ; Female ; Humans ; Hydroxyestrones/*metabolism
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  • 116
    Publication Date: 1981-09-04
    Description: The concentrations of the major norepinephrine metabolite, 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethylene glycol (MOPEG), in lumbar cerebrospinal fluid of alcoholic patients were markedly elevated during intoxication and successively declined during 1 and 3 weeks of abstinence. During intoxication the MOPEG concentration in cerebrospinal fluid showed a statistically significant correlation with the blood alcohol concentration. In healthy volunteers who received 80 grams of ethanol, the MOPEG concentration in cerebrospinal fluid increased significantly. Healthy subjects sampled during intoxication had significantly higher concentrations of MOPEG in the cerebrospinal fluid than did subjects sampled after the end of intoxication. The results indicate that alcohol administration markedly stimulates norepinephrine metabolism in the central nervous system in human subjects possibly by increasing unit impulse activity of central noradrenergic neurons.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Borg, S -- Kvande, H -- Sedvall, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Sep 4;213(4512):1135-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7268421" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenergic Fibers/metabolism ; Alcoholism/cerebrospinal fluid/*metabolism ; Brain/*metabolism ; Ethanol/pharmacology ; Glycols/*cerebrospinal fluid ; Humans ; Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol/*cerebrospinal fluid ; Norepinephrine/*metabolism ; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/cerebrospinal fluid
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  • 117
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-06-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 19;212(4501):1416-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233233" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Female ; Foot/*anatomy & histology ; *Functional Laterality ; Humans ; Male ; Sex Factors
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  • 118
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-07-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bordin, E S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 24;213(4506):394-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7244638" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Evaluation Studies as Topic ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Psychotherapy ; United States
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  • 119
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-03-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Broad, W J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Mar 20;211(4488):1331-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7209512" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; California ; *Curriculum ; Humans ; Legislation as Topic ; *Religion and Science
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  • 120
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-07-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Broad, William J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 3;213(4503):118-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11643649" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Cloning, Organism ; Compensation and Redress ; Economics ; *Fraud ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Judicial Role ; Jurisprudence ; Literature
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  • 121
    Publication Date: 1981-01-02
    Description: Fischer 344 male rats were treated with cyclophosphamide (10 milligrams per kilogram of body weight) for 5 weeks and subsequently mated to females previously treated with saline or cyclophosphamide. The F1 progeny of the cyclophosphamide-treated males exhibited behavior deficits when compared to controls. These data could indicate a chemically induced genetic effect manifested by behavioral alterations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Adams, P M -- Fabricant, J D -- Legator, M S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 2;211(4477):80-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7444453" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Avoidance Learning ; Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Cyclophosphamide/*pharmacology ; Female ; Locomotion ; Male ; Motor Activity ; Mutation ; Rats ; Spermatogenesis/*drug effects
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  • 122
    Publication Date: 1981-11-06
    Description: Natural abundance carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonances (NMR) from human arm and rat tissues have been observed in vivo. These signals arise primarily from triglycerides in fatty tissue. Carbon-13 NMR was also used to follow, in a living rat, the conversion of C-1-labeled glucose, which was introduced into the stomach, to C-1-labeled liver glycogen. The carbon-13 sensitivity and resolution obtained shows that natural abundance carbon-13 NMR will be valuable in the study of disorders in fat metabolism, and that experiments with substrates labeled with carbon-13 can be used to study carbohydrate metabolism in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Alger, J R -- Sillerud, L O -- Behar, K L -- Gillies, R J -- Shulman, R G -- Gordon, R E -- Shae, D -- Hanley, P E -- AM27121/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Nov 6;214(4521):660-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7292005" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adipose Tissue/drug effects ; Animals ; Carbon/*metabolism ; Carbon Isotopes ; Glucose/metabolism ; Humans ; Liver Glycogen/metabolism ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy/*methods ; Models, Structural ; Rats ; Time Factors
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  • 123
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-09-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Akaike, N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Sep 11;213(4513):1252-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6267696" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Transport, Active ; Catecholamines/physiology ; Decerebrate State ; Hypokalemia/*metabolism ; Male ; Muscle Denervation ; Muscles/*metabolism ; Potassium/metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Adrenergic/*physiology ; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha/*physiology ; Sodium/metabolism ; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase/*metabolism
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  • 124
    Publication Date: 1981-05-29
    Description: Phencyclidine (PCP), lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and mescaline produced potent contractile responses on isolated basilar and middle cerebral arteries, where, in terms of potency, LSD greater than mescaline greater than PCP. All three drugs produced cerebrovasospasm in a concentration range which parallels that needed for their psychotomimetic and intoxicating actions. Specific receptors for PCP, which subserve contraction and differ from those for LSD and mescaline, are found in cerebral arteries. Concentrations of PCP that produced near-maximum contractile responses on cerebral arteries were similar to those in the blood and brain of human subjects who had died from PCP overdoses. A specific calcium antagonist, verapamil, readily prevented (and reversed) PCP-induced vasospasm. This study provides direct evidence for PCP receptors in cerebral blood vessels, the biologic action of which can be reversed by a calcium antagonist; the clinical use of the latter could prove invaluable in treating PCP-intoxicated victims.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Altura, B T -- Altura, B M -- DA 02339/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 29;212(4498):1051-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7195070" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cerebral Arteries/drug effects/*physiology/physiopathology ; Dogs ; Female ; Hallucinations/*physiopathology ; Humans ; Lysergic Acid Diethylamide/*pharmacology ; Male ; Mescaline/*pharmacology ; Muscle Contraction/*drug effects ; Phencyclidine/*pharmacology
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  • 125
    Publication Date: 1981-10-16
    Description: The DNA/RNA Synthesizer provides a complete and automated procedure for the synthesis of DNA sequences. Each base unit is added in a 30-minute cycle, permitting a tetradecamer to be constructed in 6 1/2 hours. The complete procedure is described, including a practical procedure for isolation and purification of the desired DNA sequence.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Alvarado-Urbina, G -- Sathe, G M -- Liu, W C -- Gillen, M F -- Duck, P D -- Bender, R -- Ogilvie, K K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Oct 16;214(4518):270-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6169150" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Automation ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; DNA/*chemical synthesis ; *Genes, Synthetic ; RNA/*chemical synthesis ; Solubility
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  • 126
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-05-15
    Description: Research on chitin as a marine resource is pointing to novel applications for this cellulose-like biopolymer. Discovery of nondegrading solvent systems has permitted the spinning of filaments, for example, for use as surgical sutures. New methods for preparing the bioactive alkyl glycoside of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (the monomer unit of chitin) and a microcrystalline chitin has encouraged their use as promoters for growth of bifidobacteria and as an aid in digestion of high-lactose cheese whey by domestic animals. Chitin-protein complexes of several crustacean species show great variability in ratios of chitin to covalently bound protein and in residual protein in the "purified" chitins.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Austin, P R -- Brine, C J -- Castle, J E -- Zikakis, J P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 15;212(4496):749-53.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7221561" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animal Feed ; Animals ; Cheese ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; Chickens ; *Chitin ; Crystallography ; Lactose/metabolism ; Proteins/analysis ; Sutures ; *Technology
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  • 127
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-03-27
    Description: Cooperation in organisms, whether bacteria or primates, has been a difficulty for evolutionary theory since Darwin. On the assumption that interactions between pairs of individuals occur on a probabilistic basis, a model is developed based on the concept of an evolutionarily stable strategy in the context of the Prisoner's Dilemma game. Deductions from the model, and the results of a computer tournament show how cooperation based on reciprocity can get started in an asocial world, can thrive while interacting with a wide range of other strategies, and can resist invasion once fully established. Potential applications include specific aspects of territoriality, mating, and disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Axelrod, R -- Hamilton, W D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Mar 27;211(4489):1390-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7466396" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; *Cooperative Behavior ; *Game Theory ; Humans ; Mathematics ; Models, Biological ; Selection, Genetic
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  • 128
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-12-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Antelman, S M -- Rowland, N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 4;214(4525):1149-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7302588" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Animals ; Endorphins/*physiology ; Feeding Behavior/drug effects/*physiology ; Humans ; Naloxone/pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Stress, Psychological/*physiopathology
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  • 129
    Publication Date: 1981-07-10
    Description: Rats treated with chloramphenicol from days 7 to 21 of intrauterine life (50 milligrams per kilogram per day, injected subcutaneously into the mothers) or in the first 3 days of extrauterine life (50 to 100 milligrams per kilogram per day) were trained for avoidance conditioning when 60 days old. The acquisition of the avoidance response was impaired to a highly significant degree in all the treated groups.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bertolini, A -- Poggioli, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 10;213(4504):238-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7244633" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging ; Animals ; Avoidance Learning/*drug effects ; Brain/drug effects/embryology/*growth & development ; Chloramphenicol/*pharmacology ; Female ; Male ; Maternal-Fetal Exchange ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Sex Factors
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  • 130
    Publication Date: 1981-08-28
    Description: Mice were injected daily, for up to 10 weeks, with purified monoclonal immunoglobulin G from patients with myelomatous polyneuropathy or benign gammopathy. The animals developed a demyelinating polyneuropathy with slowed nerve conduction velocities. The putative antinerve factor may be an antibody since injection of Fab fragments from the monoclonal immunoglobulin G produced a similar demyelination. This provides evidence of a circulating factor in the serum of myeloma patients with polyneuropathy that reproduces typical features of the human disease on passive transfer. This disorder is thus distinguished from other neuropathies that occur as remote effects of malignant disease but have no identified pathogenic factors associated with them.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Besinger, U A -- Toyka, K V -- Anzil, A P -- Fateh-Mognadam, A -- Rouscher, R -- Heininger, K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Aug 28;213(4511):1027-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7268405" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Autoimmune Diseases/*immunology ; Demyelinating Diseases/*etiology/immunology/physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Immunization, Passive ; Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments ; Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments ; Immunoglobulin G ; Mice ; Multiple Myeloma/*complications ; Neural Conduction
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  • 131
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-11-13
    Description: Extraction of fibronectin from two human tissues, lung parenchyma and placental villi, was facilitated by the incorporation of heparin into extraction media. The effect of heparin was additive to the effect of urea which is known to extract fibronectin. These experiments provide further evidence that fibronectin and glycosaminoglycans are associated in connective tissues and the use of heparin forms the basis for a simple method for extraction and quantitation of tissue fibronectin.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bray, B A -- Mandl, I -- Turino, G M -- HL 15832/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Nov 13;214(4522):793-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7292011" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Dermatan Sulfate ; Female ; Fibronectins/*isolation & purification ; *Heparin ; Heparitin Sulfate ; Humans ; Lung/analysis ; Placenta/analysis ; Pregnancy ; Urea
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  • 132
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-07-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Broad, W J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 3;213(4503):114-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7244624" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biomedical Research ; *Ethics ; Humans ; Moral Obligations ; *Research ; *Social Responsibility ; United States
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  • 133
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-02-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Broad, William J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Feb 27;211(4485):902.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11643630" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Cloning, Organism ; *Deception ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; *Judicial Role ; *Jurisprudence ; *Literature
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  • 134
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-05-08
    Description: The lipoprotein transport system holds the key to understanding the mechanisms by which genes, diet, and hormones interact to regulate the plasma cholesterol level in man. Crucial components of this system are lipoprotein receptors in the liver and extrahepatic tissues that mediate the uptake and degradation of cholesterol-carrying lipoproteins. The number of lipoprotein receptors, and hence the efficiency of disposal of plasma cholesterol, can be increased by cholesterol-lowering drugs. Regulation of lipoprotein receptors can be exploited pharmacologically in the therapy of hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis is man.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brown, M S -- Kovanen, P T -- Goldstein, J L -- HL-20948/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 8;212(4495):628-35.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6261329" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arteriosclerosis/metabolism ; Biological Transport ; Cholesterol/*blood ; Chylomicrons/metabolism ; Dietary Fats/metabolism ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II/metabolism ; Lipoproteins/*metabolism ; Liver/*metabolism ; Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism/*physiology ; Receptors, LDL ; Receptors, Lipoprotein ; Triglycerides/metabolism
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  • 135
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-05-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brunner, R L -- Vorhees, C V -- Butcher, R E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 1;212(4494):578-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7209556" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Behavior/*drug effects ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Food Coloring Agents/*adverse effects ; Humans ; Research Design
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  • 136
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-07-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bullough, V L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 17;213(4505):365-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7017929" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Age Factors ; Child ; England ; Female ; *History of Medicine ; History, 19th Century ; History, 20th Century ; History, Medieval ; Humans ; *Menstruation ; United States
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  • 137
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-07-10
    Description: Measurements were made of the rate of condensation of various monosaccharides with amino groups of hemoglobin to form Schiff base linkages. The reactivity of each sugar was dependent on the extent to which it exists in the open (carbonyl) structure rather than in the ring (hemiacetal or hemiketal) structure. Among the 15 monosaccharides tested, aldoses showed higher reactivities than ketoses. Glucose was the least reactive of the aldohexoses. The emergence of glucose as the primary metabolic fuel may be due in part to the high stability of its ring structure which limits potentially deleterious nonenzymatic glycosylation of proteins.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bunn, H F -- Higgins, P J -- AM-18223/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 10;213(4504):222-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12192669" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Borohydrides/chemistry ; *Evolution, Chemical ; Glucose/chemistry ; Glycolysis ; Glycosylation ; Hemoglobin A/*chemistry ; Hexoses/chemistry ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Monosaccharides/*chemistry ; Schiff Bases/chemical synthesis
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  • 138
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-10-02
    Description: We have measured the overall statistical efficiency of human subjects discriminating the amplitude of visual pattern signals added to noisy backgrounds. By changing the noise amplitude, the amount of intrinsic noise can be estimated and allowed for. For a target containing a few cycles of a spatial sinusoid of about 5 cycles per degree, the overall statistical efficiency is as high as 0.7 +/- 0.07, and after correction for intrinsic noise, efficiency reaches 0.83 +/- 0.15. Such a high figure leaves little room for residual inefficiencies in the neural mechanisms that handle these patterns.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Burgess, A E -- Wagner, R F -- Jennings, R J -- Barlow, H B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Oct 2;214(4516):93-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7280685" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Discrimination (Psychology)/physiology ; Humans ; Visual Pathways/*physiology ; Visual Perception/*physiology
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  • 139
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-05-01
    Description: Administration of tyrosine, the amino acid precursor of catecholamines, increased blood pressure 38 to 49 percent in rats made acutely hypotensive by hemorrhage; other large neutral amino acids were ineffective. Tyrosine's effect was abolished by adrenalectomy, suggesting that, in hypotensive animals, it acts by accelerating the peripheral synthesis and release of catecholamines.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Conlay, L A -- Maher, T J -- Wurtman, R J -- AM-14228/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 1;212(4494):559-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7209553" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenalectomy ; Animals ; Blood Pressure/*drug effects ; Catecholamines/metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Hypotension/*drug therapy/physiopathology ; Male ; Rats ; Tyrosine/*pharmacology/therapeutic use
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  • 140
    Publication Date: 1981-09-04
    Description: Adult mice were administered the common parasite Toxocara canis or lead or both. The parasite clearly altered mouse performance on tests of exploration, activity, learning, and motor coordination; behavioral effects in mice receiving lead alone were less general. Consequence of Toxocara administration appeared attenuated in animals receiving both agents. Parasite larvae were found in the central nervous system in all infected mice.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dolinsky, Z S -- Burright, R G -- Donovick, P J -- Glickman, L T -- Babish, J -- Summers, B -- Cypess, R H -- 08-K4AI00301A-03/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- 08R1AI1478A-03/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- 5S07RR0749-04/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Sep 4;213(4512):1142-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7268424" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Ascariasis/*complications ; Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Brain/parasitology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Lead Poisoning/*complications/physiopathology ; Male ; Mice ; Toxocariasis/*complications/physiopathology
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  • 141
    Publication Date: 1981-05-01
    Description: Female prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster) exposed to a single drop of male urine on the upper lip showed changes in concentrations of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) and norepinephrine in olfactory bulb tissue; no such changes occurred in dopamine concentration. The changes were measured in the posterior but not the anterior olfactory bulb tissue of females within 1 hour after they were exposed to urine. These females also showed rapid increases in serum concentrations of luteinizing hormone. Females exposed to water on the upper lip showed none of these changes. These results suggest that in this species LHRH and norepinephrine in the olfactory bulb may mediate luteinizing hormone release in response to external (pheromonal) chemical cues.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dluzen, D E -- Ramirez, V D -- Carter, C S -- Getz, L L -- HDO9328/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 1;212(4494):573-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7010608" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arvicolinae/*physiology ; Estrus ; Female ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/*metabolism ; Humans ; Luteinizing Hormone/blood ; Male ; Norepinephrine/*metabolism ; Olfactory Bulb/*metabolism ; Pheromones/*urine ; Pregnancy ; Reproduction ; Rodentia/*physiology ; Stress, Psychological/physiopathology
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  • 142
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-10-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Drum, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Oct 23;214(4519):471-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7291990" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptation, Physiological ; Color Perception/*physiology ; Humans ; Retina/*physiology
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  • 143
    Publication Date: 1981-07-10
    Description: Applications of the new fracture-labeling techniques for the observation of cytochemical labels on platinum-carbon replicas are described. Frozen cells, embedded in a cross-linked protein matrix, and frozen tissues are fractured with a scalpel under liquid nitrogen, thawed, labeled, dehydrated by the critical point drying method, and replicated. This method allows direct, high-resolution, two-dimensional chemical and immunological characterization of the cellular membranes in situ, as well as detection of sites within cross-fractured cytoplasm and extracellular matrix.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉da Silva, P P -- Kachar, B -- Torrisi, M R -- Brown, C -- Parkison, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 10;213(4504):230-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7244630" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens/analysis ; Cells/*ultrastructure ; Cytoplasmic Granules/ultrastructure ; Endoplasmic Reticulum/ultrastructure ; Erythrocytes/ultrastructure ; Freeze Fracturing/*methods ; Humans ; Indicators and Reagents ; Intracellular Membranes/ultrastructure ; Leukocytes/ultrastructure ; Microscopy, Electron/methods ; Pancreas/ultrastructure ; Pituitary Gland, Anterior/ultrastructure ; Platinum ; Rats
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  • 144
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-07-31
    Description: Oral administration of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol had a biphasic effect on plasma testosterone concentrations in male mice, causing rapid sustained increases at low doses and subsequent decreases at higher doses. In hypophysectomized and intact mice receiving gonadotropins (human chorionic gonadotropin), treatment with delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol maintained higher plasma testosterone concentrations. Thus, this cannabinoid may interact with gonadotropin and directly influence testicular steroidogenesis in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dalterio, S -- Bartke, A -- Mayfield, D -- 1R01 DA 02/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- P 30 HD 10202/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 31;213(4507):581-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6264607" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chorionic Gonadotropin/pharmacology ; Dronabinol/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Hypophysectomy ; Kinetics ; Luteinizing Hormone/*blood ; Male ; Mice ; Testosterone/*blood
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  • 145
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-10-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dayton, P G -- Israili, Z H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Oct 2;214(4516):94-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7280686" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Deoxycytidine ; Humans ; Hydralazine/*blood ; Thymidine
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  • 146
    Publication Date: 1981-05-08
    Description: The role of brain cholecystokinin peptides in satiety was further assessed by using antibody to cholecystokinin to reduce cholecystokinin activity in the cerebrospinal fluid of sheep. Food intakes were increased approximately 100 percent during the 2-hour continuous injection of antibody into the cerebrospinal fluid. This supports the hypothesis that, during feeding, cholecystokinin is released into the cerebrospinal fluid, which transports it to the receptors that elicit satiety.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Della-Fera, M A -- Baile, C A -- Schneider, B S -- Grinker, J A -- GM 02051/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- NS 06595/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 8;212(4495):687-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7221559" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies/administration & dosage ; Antigen-Antibody Reactions ; Castration ; Cholecystokinin/cerebrospinal fluid/immunology/*physiology ; Feeding Behavior/*physiology ; Injections, Intraventricular ; Male ; Satiation/*physiology ; Sheep
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  • 147
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-08-07
    Description: Subjects observing differently scaled environments undergo systematic shifts in the experience of time. The experience of temporal duration is compressed relative to the clock in the same proportion as scale-model environments being observed are compressed relative to the full-sized environment. This research suggests that spatial scale may be a principal mediator in the experience of time.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉DeLong, A J -- RR-07088/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Aug 7;213(4508):681-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7256273" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; *Environment ; Humans ; Time Perception/*physiology
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  • 148
    Publication Date: 1981-11-20
    Description: Single motor units in human interosseous muscle are recruited in order from small to large in slow or brisk voluntary abduction of the index finger. When the same muscle acts as a synergist as opposed to a prime mover, about 8 percent of the unit pairs consistently reversed their recruitment order. Motor commands appear to be patterned in terms of movements rather than muscles and to involve different connectivities to the motoneuron pool of a muscle executing movements in different directions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Desnedt, H E -- Gidaux, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Nov 20;214(4523):933-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7302570" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Fingers/innervation ; Humans ; Motor Neurons/*physiology ; Movement ; Muscle Contraction ; Muscles/innervation ; Spinal Cord/*physiology
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  • 149
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-11-27
    Description: Industrial microbiology has served humanity since prebiblical times, providing fermented beverages and foods to enhance the quality of life. The antibiotic era featured an explosion in the number of microbial products for medicine, nutrition, industry, and research. Revolutionary developments in molecular genetics are propelling the field into a new growth phase with promise of solutions to major world problems.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Demain, A L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Nov 27;214(4524):987-95.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6946560" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/biosynthesis ; Bacteria/genetics/metabolism ; DNA, Recombinant ; Fermentation ; Food Supply ; *Genetic Engineering ; Humans ; *Industry ; *Microbiology ; Recombination, Genetic ; *Technology
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  • 150
    Publication Date: 1981-01-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fowler, W E -- Erickson, H P -- Hantgan, R R -- McDonagh, J -- Hermans, J -- HL 20319/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL 23454/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 16;211(4479):287-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6108612" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Factor XIII/metabolism ; *Fibrin/metabolism ; *Fibrinogen/metabolism ; Humans ; Macromolecular Substances ; Microscopy, Electron ; Protein Conformation ; gamma-Glutamyltransferase/metabolism
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  • 151
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-01-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ferguson, H B -- Rapoport, J L -- Weingartner, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 23;211(4480):410-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7221548" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis/*etiology ; Diet ; Food Coloring Agents/*adverse effects ; Humans ; Research Design
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  • 152
    Publication Date: 1981-05-29
    Description: One of the mediators of interferon action is a latent endoribonuclease (ribonuclease L) that is activated by (2'-5')oligoadenylates. Among the homopolymers of the four common ribonucleotides, activated ribonuclease L degrades at an appreciable rate only polyuridylic acid. In two natural RNA's tested the most frequent ribonuclease L cleavages occur after UA, UG, and UU (A, adenine; U, uracil; and G, guanine) and much less frequent cleavages after CA and AC (C, cytosine).〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Floyd-Smith, G -- Slattery, E -- Lengyel, P -- AI-12320/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- CA-16038/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 29;212(4498):1030-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6165080" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenine Nucleotides/*pharmacology ; Animals ; Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor/enzymology ; *Endoribonucleases ; HeLa Cells/enzymology ; Humans ; Interferons/*pharmacology ; Mice ; Oligonucleotides/*pharmacology ; Oligoribonucleotides/*pharmacology ; Rna ; Ribonucleases/*metabolism ; Ribonucleotides/analysis ; Substrate Specificity
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  • 153
    Publication Date: 1981-03-06
    Description: The etiologic agent of Korean hemorrhagic fever has been propagated in a human cultured cell line derived from a carcinoma of the lung. The cells, described as type II, alveolar epithelial, support replication of the agent and successive passages. Antigen of the Korean hemorrhagic fever agent is readily detected in infected cells by means of direct or indirect fluorescent antibody techniques. Previous attempts to propagate this agent in vitro had been unsuccessful.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉French, G R -- Foulke, R S -- Brand, O A -- Eddy, G A -- Lee, H W -- Lee, P W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Mar 6;211(4486):1046-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6110243" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antigens, Viral/analysis ; Cell Line ; Hantavirus/*growth & development/immunology ; Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome/*microbiology ; Humans ; Pulmonary Alveoli/microbiology ; RNA Viruses/*growth & development
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  • 154
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-07-24
    Description: Infestations by the nematode Heligmosomoides polygyrus can prevent adult male mice from becoming behaviorally dominant. The effect is dose-dependent and is more likely to influence the development of dominance than to disrupt existing dominance relationships. Doses capable of exerting this effect are not lethal and do not affect weight.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Freeland, W J -- R03 MH 32090/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 24;213(4506):461-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7244643" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Dominance-Subordination ; Larva ; Male ; Mice ; Nematoda ; Nematode Infections/*psychology ; *Social Dominance
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  • 155
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-08-21
    Description: Injection of DDT [1, 1, 1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane] into gull eggs at concentrations comparable to those found in contaminated seabird eggs in 1970 induces abnormal development of ovarian tissue and oviducts in male embryos. Developmental feminization of males is associated with inability to breed as adults and may explain the highly skewed sex ratio and reduced number of male gulls breeding on Santa Barbara Island in southern California.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fry, D M -- Toone, C K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Aug 21;213(4510):922-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7256288" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome/chemically induced/*veterinary ; Animals ; Bird Diseases/chemically induced ; Birds/*physiology ; DDT/*pharmacology ; Environmental Exposure ; Male ; Reproduction/*drug effects ; *Sex Ratio
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  • 156
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-07-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Groer, P G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 24;213(4506):392, 394.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7244637" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Female ; Gamma Rays ; Humans ; Japan ; Male ; *Nuclear Warfare ; *Radiation Dosage
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  • 157
    Publication Date: 1981-02-06
    Description: The apolipoprotein E isolated from plasma of individuals with type III hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP) shows an abnormal pattern when it is examined by isoelectric focusing. Compared to apolipoprotein E from normal subjects, apolipoprotein E isolated from subjects with type III HLP had a decreased fractional catabolic rate in vivo in both type III HLP patients and normal individuals. The delayed catabolism of apolipoprotein E in type III HLP patients may be responsible for the lipid and lipoprotein abnormalities characteristic of these patients.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gregg, R E -- Zech, L A -- Schaefer, E J -- Brewer, H B Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Feb 6;211(4482):584-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7455696" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Apolipoproteins/*metabolism ; Humans ; Hyperlipoproteinemia Type III/*blood ; Isoelectric Point ; Liver/metabolism ; Metabolic Clearance Rate ; Receptors, Drug/metabolism
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  • 158
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-11-13
    Description: Circulating metallothionein was measured by radioimmunoassay over a 13-day period in male Sprague-Dawley rats that received a sequence of three intraperitoneal injections (at 3-day intervals) of either 5 milligrams of zinc or 0.8 milligrams of cadmium per kilogram of body weight. These amounts of zinc and cadmium produced metallothionein concentrations in the range of 2 to 5 nanograms per milliliter of serum (zinc) and 2 to 15 nanograms per milliliter of serum (cadmium). In control rats given saline injections over the same period the metallothionein concentration ranged from 1 to 3 nanograms per milliliter of serum.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Garvey, J S -- Chang, C C -- ES 01629/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Nov 13;214(4522):805-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7292012" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cadmium/*pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Male ; Metalloproteins/*blood ; Metallothionein/*blood/immunology ; Radioimmunoassay ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Zinc/*pharmacology
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  • 159
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-12-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gilbert, W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 18;214(4527):1305-12.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7313687" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; DNA/*genetics ; Eukaryotic Cells/physiology ; *Genes ; Hydrazines ; Lac Operon ; Methylation ; Prokaryotic Cells/physiology ; Sulfuric Acid Esters
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  • 160
    Publication Date: 1981-01-02
    Description: Nonhistone protein antigens resolved by electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulfate were identified immunochemically after being transferred to nitrocellulose. Use of antiserum to dehistonized chromatin from Novikoff hepatoma revealed numerous protein antigens specific to the chromatin of Novikoff hepatoma in comparison to that of normal rat liver.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Glass, W F 2nd -- Briggs, R C -- Hnilica, L S -- CA-26412/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA-26948/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- HD-07043-04/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 2;211(4477):70-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7003713" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Nucleus/*immunology ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/*analysis/immunology ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel/methods ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Liver/*analysis/ultrastructure ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/*analysis/ultrastructure ; Male ; Rats
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  • 161
    Publication Date: 1981-05-08
    Description: The 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose technique was used to measure regional cerebral glucose utilization by human subjects during functional activation. Normal male volunteers subjected to one or more sensory stimuli (tactile, visual, or auditory) exhibited focal increases in glucose metabolism in response to the stimulus. Unilateral visual hemifield stimulation caused the contralateral striate cortex to become more metabolically active than the striate cortex ipsilateral to the stimulated hemifield. Similarly, stroking the fingers and hand of one arm with brush produced an increase in metabolism in the contralateral postcentral gyrus, compared with the homologous ipsilateral region. The auditory stimulus, which consisted of a monaurally presented factual story caused an increase in glucose metabolism in the auditory cortex in the hemisphere contralateral to the stimulated ear. These results demonstrate that the technique is capable of providing functional maps in vivo related to both body region and submodality of sensory information in the human brain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Greenberg, J H -- Reivich, M -- Alavi, A -- Hand, P -- Rosenquist, A -- Rintelmann, W -- Stein, A -- Tusa, R -- Dann, R -- Christman, D -- Fowler, J -- MacGregor, B -- Wolf, A -- NS 10939-08/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS 14867-02/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS 15380-04/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 8;212(4495):678-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6971492" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Auditory Perception/*physiology ; Brain/*metabolism ; *Deoxy Sugars ; *Deoxyglucose/analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ; Functional Laterality ; Humans ; Male ; Sensation/*physiology ; Tomography, Emission-Computed/*methods ; Visual Perception/*physiology
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  • 162
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-10-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Grobstein, Clifford -- Stokes, Joseph -- Zack, Brian G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Oct 2;214(4516):6+.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11643663" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Beginning of Human Life ; Embryonic and Fetal Development ; Humans ; *Individuality ; Jurisprudence ; *Life ; *Personhood
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  • 163
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-11-13
    Description: When young rats are exposed to white fluorescent light the concentration of calcium in their serum decreases. This effect is prevented by shielding the occiput, by inhibiting corticosterone synthesis, and by exogenous melatonin. Furthermore, the expected hypocalcemic response to cortisol injection is prevented by melatonin. Light-induced hypocalcemia may result from increased calcium uptake by bone when the blocking effect of melatonin decreases after pineal inhibition by transcranial illumination.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hakanson, D O -- Bergstrom, W H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Nov 13;214(4522):807-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6895262" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Newborn/*radiation effects ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone/antagonists & inhibitors ; Hypocalcemia/etiology/*prevention & control ; Infant, Newborn ; Jaundice, Neonatal/therapy ; Light ; Male ; Melatonin/*pharmacology ; Phototherapy/adverse effects ; Rats ; Spectrum Analysis ; Time Factors
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  • 164
    Publication Date: 1981-04-17
    Description: An investigation of the rate of birth malformations in the Northland region of New Zealand provides no evidence to associate spraying of 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid with the occurrence of any malformation of the central nervous system, including spina bifida. A statistically significant association between spray and malformation is found in the case of talipes. Whether this association indicates a causal relation remains to be established.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hanify, J A -- Metcalf, P -- Nobbs, C L -- Worsley, K J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Apr 17;212(4492):349-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7209535" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid/*adverse effects ; Abnormalities, Drug-Induced/epidemiology/*etiology ; Central Nervous System/abnormalities ; Clubfoot/*chemically induced ; Environmental Exposure ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; New Zealand ; *Teratogens
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  • 165
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-04-17
    Description: Sexually receptive female Spermophilus beldingi (Rodentia: Sciuridae) usually mate with several different males. The paternity of 27 litters born in 1977 and 1978 was ascertained by combining field observations of mating with laboratory paternity exclusion analyses. Most of the litters (78 percent) were multiply sired, usually by two or three males. This may be the highest frequency of multiple paternity ever directly demonstrated in a natural population.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hanken, J -- Sherman, P W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Apr 17;212(4492):351-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7209536" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Female ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Sciuridae/*physiology ; *Sexual Behavior, Animal
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  • 166
    Publication Date: 1981-08-28
    Description: The normal succession of sleep and waking states through a night is disturbed in infants at risk for the sudden infant death syndrome. Compared with normal infants, siblings of the sudden infant death syndrome victims have longer intervals between active sleep epochs at particular times during the night in the newborn period and a decreased tendency to enter short waking periods at 2 and 3 months of age. The latter finding is interpreted as an increased tendency to remain asleep, or a relative failure to arouse from sleep in infants at risk.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Harper, R M -- Leake, B -- Hoffman, H -- Walter, D O -- Hoppenbrouwers, T -- Hodgman, J -- Sterman, M B -- HD-2-2777/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HD4-2810/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- R01 HD 14608-01/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Aug 28;213(4511):1030-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7268406" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Periodicity ; Risk ; Sleep/*physiology ; Sudden Infant Death/*physiopathology ; Wakefulness
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  • 167
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-03-20
    Description: Sex differentiation is the result of the translation of genetic sex into gonadal sex. Without recognizable masculinizing signals the embryonic gonad will undergo ovarian differentiation. The main determinant of gonadal differentiation appears to be the presence or absence of a cell surface antigen, called H-Y antigen. The regulation of H-Y antigen expression is complex and involves the interaction between regulatory sites on the Y chromosome, the X chromosome, and possibly the autosomes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Haseltine, F P -- Ohno, S -- 5R01 HD 12289-02/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- R0I AD 00042/AD/ADAMHA HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Mar 20;211(4488):1272-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7010601" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cattle ; Disorders of Sex Development ; Embryonic Induction ; Female ; Fertility ; Freemartinism/genetics ; Germ Cells/physiology ; H-Y Antigen/genetics/*physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Mammals/genetics ; Mice ; Ovary/embryology ; Rats ; Sex Chromosomes ; *Sex Determination Analysis ; *Sex Differentiation ; Testis/embryology/physiology
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  • 168
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-07-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hatch, O G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 24;213(4506):392.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7244636" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Neoplasms ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States
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  • 169
    Publication Date: 1981-08-28
    Description: Morphine has been found in cow and human milk at concentrations of 200 to 500 nanograms per liter. Multistep purification yields a material that has immunological, biological, pharmacological, and chemical properties identical to those of morphine. Similar morphine-like material, which has been tentatively identified in some common plant sources, may be a ubiquitous dietary constituent and a possible source for the material in milk. Since morphine (mu) receptors have a low affinity for enkephalins, and since morphine-like materials have been described in brain and intestine, it is possible that morphine in food may be the source of this material and a normal ligand specific for mu receptors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hazum, E -- Sabatka, J J -- Chang, K J -- Brent, D A -- Findlay, J W -- Cuatrecasas, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Aug 28;213(4511):1010-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6267691" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cattle ; Diet ; Female ; Humans ; Ligands ; Milk/*analysis ; Milk, Human/analysis ; Morphine/*analysis/metabolism ; Receptors, Opioid/*metabolism
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  • 170
    Publication Date: 1981-09-04
    Description: The mitogenic effect of somatomedin B on human cultured glial cells was neutralized by the addition of antibodies to mouse epidermal growth factor. Somatomedin B contained epidermal growth factor--like activity, competing for binding to the epidermal growth factor receptor. It is concluded that contaminating epidermal growth factor may explain the entire mitogenic activity of somatomedin B.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Heldin, C H -- Wasteson, A -- Fryklund, L -- Westermark, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Sep 4;213(4512):1122-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6973821" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Division/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Epidermal Growth Factor/*pharmacology ; Growth Substances/*pharmacology ; Humans ; Neuroglia ; Peptides/*pharmacology ; Somatomedins/*pharmacology ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 171
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-05-22
    Description: The content of tetrahydrobiopterin in rat brain was doubled by peripherally administered tetrahydrobiopterin, with the natural 1 diastereoisomer more effective than the unnatural d configuration. The model pteridine, 6-methyltetrahydropterin was ten times more efficient than tetrahydrobiopterin in crossing the blood-brain barrier, and striatal concentrations of 6-methyltetrahydropterin remained elevated for 2 hours, declining with a half-life of 3 hours. While no evidence for a specific uptake mechanism for concentrating 6-methyltetrahydropterin in cells containing tetrahydrobiopterin was detected, the pterin was found in ts presumed site of action, the nerve terminal. Replacement therapy with reduced pterins may therefore be effective in the treatment of the neurological disorders associated with the variant forms of hyperphenylalaninemia that result from defects in the biosynthesis or metabolism of tetrahydrobiopterin within the central nervous system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kapatos, G -- Kaufman, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 22;212(4497):955-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233193" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biopterin/analogs & derivatives/*metabolism ; Blood-Brain Barrier ; Brain/*metabolism ; Male ; Pteridines/*metabolism ; Pterins/*metabolism ; Rats ; Stereoisomerism ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 172
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-12-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 18;214(4527):1327-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7313690" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Brain Diseases/*radiography ; Humans ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/*utilization
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  • 173
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-01-23
    Description: Metronidazole is a drug used for the treatment of trichomonal vaginitis, amebiasis, giardiasis, and certain anaerobic bacterial infections in humans. Acetamide and N-(2-hydroxyethyl)oxamic acid are metabolites of metronidazole in the rat, and we find small amounts of both metabolites in the urine of human patients taking the drug. Although acetamide is carcinogenic for rats, we do not believe that our finding further defines metronidazole's risk for humans. That risk can only be estimated from surveillance of people previously exposed to the drug.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kock, R L -- Beaulieu, B B Jr -- Chrystal, E J -- Goldman, P -- R01-CA1520/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 23;211(4480):398-400.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7221546" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetamides/*urine ; Amino Acids/*urine ; Biotransformation ; Carcinogens/*urine ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Metronidazole/*metabolism/urine ; Oxamic Acid/analogs & derivatives/*urine
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  • 174
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-04-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Apr 24;212(4493):432-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7209541" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cognition ; Depression/*therapy ; Humans ; Interpersonal Relations ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Psychotherapy/methods ; Research Support as Topic ; United States
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  • 175
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-11-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Nov 20;214(4523):892.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7029711" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Ascorbic Acid/therapeutic use ; *Famous Persons ; History, 20th Century ; *Holistic Health/history ; Humans ; Male ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing/*therapy ; United States
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  • 176
    Publication Date: 1981-07-10
    Description: Biologically active compounds were entrapped in cross-linked serum albumin microbeads. Injection of these drug-impregnated beads into rabbits produced no adverse immunological reactions. Sustained release (20 days) of progesterone was demonstrated in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lee, T K -- Sokoloski, T D -- Royer, G P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 10;213(4504):233-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6787705" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; Glutaral ; Injections, Intramuscular ; Injections, Subcutaneous ; Kinetics ; Male ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Norgestrel/administration & dosage ; Progesterone/*administration & dosage/blood ; Rabbits ; Serum Albumin, Bovine/*administration & dosage
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  • 177
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-01-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 2;211(4477):42-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6969440" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Angina Pectoris/surgery ; *Coronary Artery Bypass ; Coronary Disease/surgery ; Humans ; Prognosis ; Quality of Life
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  • 178
    Publication Date: 1981-07-17
    Description: Pancreatic amylase messenger RNA progressively decreases in rats rendered diabetic with streptozotocin. Insulin reverses this effect, inducing a selective decrease in amylase messenger RNA in the pancreas. Parotid amylase messenger RNA is not significantly affected by either diabetes or insulin.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Korc, M -- Owerbach, D -- Quinto, C -- Rutter, W J -- AM 21344/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 17;213(4505):351-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6166044" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amylases/*genetics ; Animals ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/*enzymology ; Insulin/pharmacology/*physiology ; Islets of Langerhans/*physiology ; Kinetics ; Male ; Pancreas/drug effects/*enzymology ; Pancreatic Elastase/genetics ; Protein Biosynthesis/drug effects ; RNA, Messenger/*genetics ; Rats ; Transcription, Genetic/drug effects ; Trypsinogen/genetics
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  • 179
    Publication Date: 1981-11-20
    Description: The hydroxylase cofactor, tetrahydrobiopterin, and its biosynthetic system are localized in dopaminergic nerve terminals in the striatum. This conclusion is based on the nearly equivalent loss of tyrosine hydroxylase and tetrahydrobiopterin and its initial biosynthetic enzyme, guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase, after injection of 6-hydroxydopamine into the substantia nigra. The role of the hydroxylase cofactor in the regulation of dopamine synthesis is reassessed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Levine, R A -- Miller, L P -- Lovenberg, W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Nov 20;214(4523):919-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6117945" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aminohydrolases/*metabolism ; Animals ; Biopterin/analogs & derivatives/*metabolism ; Corpus Striatum/drug effects/*metabolism ; Dopamine/*metabolism ; GTP Cyclohydrolase/*metabolism ; Hydroxydopamines/pharmacology ; Male ; Pteridines/*metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Substantia Nigra/drug effects/metabolism ; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase/*metabolism
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  • 180
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-03-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Mar 6;211(4486):1032-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7466375" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylcholine/biosynthesis ; Alzheimer Disease/*etiology/metabolism/pathology ; Brain/pathology ; Choline O-Acetyltransferase/deficiency ; Dementia/*etiology ; Humans
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  • 181
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-01-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 16;211(4479):258.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7444465" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Body Weight ; Humans ; Insurance ; Obesity/*complications ; Risk
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  • 182
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-05-22
    Description: Long-term oral administration of the long-acting opiate 1-alpha-acetylmethadol (LAAM) to female rats beginning on the day of conception interfered with the dams' ability to carry litters to term. When treatment was initiated 3 weeks prior to mating this effect was not observed. Daily administration of the opiate antagonist naloxone from day 14 of gestation through term, to precipitate withdrawal in utero, resulted in increased stillbirths, decreased pup weight and size, and weight loss 24 hours after birth. These data question the validity of animal experiments which purport to be models for methadone maintenance programs but in which treatment is started immediately prior to or soon after conception. They also suggest that withdrawal in utero may be responsible for many of the adverse effects of opiates on human and animal development.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lichtblau, L -- Sparber, S B -- DA 01880/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 22;212(4497):943-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7195068" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Drug Tolerance ; Embryo Implantation/drug effects ; Female ; Fetal Death/*etiology ; Humans ; Litter Size/drug effects ; Methadone/*analogs & derivatives ; Methadyl Acetate/*adverse effects/antagonists & inhibitors ; Naloxone/pharmacology ; Opioid-Related Disorders/*complications ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Animal/*drug effects ; Rats ; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/*complications
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  • 183
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-01-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 16;211(4479):257.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7444464" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; *Aerospace Medicine ; Altitude ; *Anemia, Sickle Cell ; Humans ; Jurisprudence ; Male ; *Military Medicine ; Risk ; *Sickle Cell Trait
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  • 184
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-11-27
    Description: The binding of [3H]spiperone, a dopamine receptor ligand, to striatal membranes was increased 30 to 35 percent in rats made diabetic with alloxan or streptozotocin. Binding of [3H]spiperone was normal in rats made diabetic with alloxan but treated with insulin. Thus the number of dopamine receptors and central dopaminergic transmission may be altered in diabetes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lozovsky, D -- Saller, C F -- Kopin, I J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Nov 27;214(4524):1031-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6458088" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alloxan/pharmacology ; Animals ; Blood Glucose/metabolism ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Corpus Striatum/*metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy/*metabolism ; Insulin/therapeutic use ; Kinetics ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Receptors, Dopamine/drug effects/*metabolism ; Spiperone/metabolism ; Streptozocin/pharmacology
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  • 185
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-05-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshal, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 29;212(4498):1008.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233195" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; *Cultural Characteristics ; *Culture ; Female ; Humans ; Laos/ethnology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; *Mortality ; Refugees/*psychology ; Stress, Physiological ; United States
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  • 186
    Publication Date: 1981-06-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 19;212(4501):1364-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233222" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Female ; Humans ; Japan ; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced/etiology ; *Nuclear Warfare ; Radiation Injuries/*etiology ; Risk
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 187
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-11-06
    Description: discharge rats of Purkinje neurons were compared in control and hypothyroid adult rats. Purkinje neurons in hypothyroid rats fired significantly faster and were less sensitive to iontophoretically applied norepinephrine than those in control rats. The subsensitivity of the Purkinje neurons appeared to be primarily due to an alteration in the beta-receptor--adenylate cyclase complex, because the sensitivity of these cells to locally applied N6-monobutyryl adenosine 3'-5'-monophosphate (N6 cyclic AMP) did not change significantly. The sensitivity of the Purkinje neurons to norepinephrine could be restored in hypothyroid rats by administration of triiodothyronine.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marwaha, J -- Prasad, K N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Nov 6;214(4521):675-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6270792" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials/drug effects ; Adenylyl Cyclases/metabolism ; Adrenergic Fibers/*physiopathology ; Animals ; Cerebellum/*physiopathology ; Cyclic AMP/metabolism ; Hypothyroidism/*physiopathology ; Male ; Norepinephrine/*physiology ; Purkinje Fibers/physiopathology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Receptors, Adrenergic/*physiology ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta/*physiology ; Triiodothyronine/*pharmacology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 188
    Publication Date: 1981-12-04
    Description: Leucine catabolism is regulated by either of the first two degradative steps: (reversible) transamination to the keto acid or subsequent decarboxylation. A method is described to measure rates of leucine transamination, reamination, and keto acid oxidation. The method is applied directly to humans by infusing the nonradioactive tracer, L-[15N,1-13C]leucine. Leucine transamination was found to be operating several times faster than the keto acid decarboxylation and to be of equal magnitude in adult human males under two different dietary conditions, postabsorptive and fed. These results indicate that decarboxylation, not transamination, is the rate-limiting step in normal human leucine metabolism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Matthews, D E -- Bier, D M -- Rennie, M J -- Edwards, R H -- Halliday, D -- Millward, D J -- Clugston, G A -- AM-25994/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- HD-10667/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- RR-00954/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 4;214(4525):1129-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7302583" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Carbon Isotopes ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Leucine/*metabolism ; Male ; Models, Biological ; Nitrogen Isotopes ; Oxidation-Reduction
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  • 189
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-06-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉O'Brien, S J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 12;212(4500):1214.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233214" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aotus trivirgatus ; Cell Line ; Hodgkin Disease/*pathology ; Humans ; Phenotype
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  • 190
    Publication Date: 1981-05-15
    Description: The gene for prolactin has been located on chromosome 6 in humans. DNA fragments of 4.8 and 4.0 kilobases containing prolactin gene sequences were identified in human genomic DNA, whereas DNA fragments of 7.4, 3.6, and 3.3 kilobases containing prolactin gene sequences were found in mouse cells. In somatic cell hybrids of human and mouse cells the 7.4-, 3.6-, and 3.3-kilobase mouse fragments were always present, whereas the 4.8- and 4.0-kilobase human fragments were only present when human chromosome 6 was also present. We conclude that the prolactin gene resides on chromosome 6, a different location from those of the genes for the related hormones chorionic somatomammotropin and growth hormone.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Owerbach, D -- Rutter, W J -- Cooke, N E -- Martial, J A -- Shows, T B -- AM 21344/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- GM 20454/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HD 05196/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 15;212(4496):815-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7221563" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X ; Genes ; Genetic Linkage ; Growth Hormone/genetics ; Humans ; Hybrid Cells/physiology ; Mice ; Placental Lactogen/genetics ; Prolactin/*genetics
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  • 191
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-09-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maugh, T H 2nd -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Sep 11;213(4513):1239.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7268431" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antineoplastic Agents/*therapeutic use ; Diketopiperazines ; Humans ; Piperazines/*therapeutic use ; Psoriasis/*drug therapy ; Uveitis/*drug therapy
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  • 192
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-02-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maugh, T H 2nd -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Feb 13;211(4483):694.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7455706" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chlorine/*adverse effects ; Humans ; Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated/adverse effects ; Neoplasms/*chemically induced ; Risk ; Water Pollutants/*adverse effects ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/*adverse effects
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  • 193
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-01-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maugh, T H 2nd -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 30;211(4481):468-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6161416" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anemia, Sickle Cell/*drug therapy ; Drug Evaluation ; Erythrocyte Membrane/drug effects ; Erythrocytes/cytology ; Fetal Hemoglobin/biosynthesis ; *Hemoglobin, Sickle/metabolism ; Humans ; Oxygen/blood ; Oxyhemoglobins/metabolism ; Protein Binding/drug effects ; Protein Denaturation
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  • 194
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-05-08
    Description: Hearing subjects unfamiliar with American Sign Language and deaf native signers made triadic comparisons of movements of the hands and arms isolated from American Sign Language. Clustering and scaling of subjects' judgments revealed different psychological representations of movement form for deaf and hearing observers. Linguistically relevant dimensions acquired modified salience for users of a visual-gestural language. The data indicate that the modification of natural perceptual categories after language acquisition is not bound to a particular transmission modality, but rather can be a more general consequence of acquiring a formal linguistic system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Poizner, H -- HD13249/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- NS15175/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 8;212(4495):681-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7221557" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; *Manual Communication ; *Sign Language ; Visual Perception/*physiology
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  • 195
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-01-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maugh, T H 2nd -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 16;211(4479):265-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7444466" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anemia, Sickle Cell/*blood ; Erythrocytes, Abnormal/pathology ; *Hemoglobin, Sickle ; Humans ; Protein Binding ; Protein Conformation ; Temperature
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  • 196
    Publication Date: 1981-06-05
    Description: Spike electrogenesis, local depolarizing and hyperpolarizing responses, spontaneous rhythmic firing, and alternating resting potentials were measured in cells from a continuously cultured small cell carcinoma of the lung. Spike generation was blocked by MnCl2. In view of this evidence for calcium-spike electrogenesis and previous evidence of secretory activity in these cells, this cell line (DMS 53) can provide a model for the study of excitation-secretion behavior in human neoplastic cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McCann, F V -- Pettengill, O S -- Cole, J J -- Russell, J A -- Sorenson, G D -- CA 25845/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- DA 23108/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 5;212(4499):1155-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6262914" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials/drug effects ; Calcium/pharmacology ; Carcinoma, Small Cell/*physiopathology ; Cells, Cultured ; Electric Conductivity ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/*physiopathology ; Manganese/pharmacology ; Membrane Potentials/drug effects
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  • 197
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-04-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McCormick, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Apr 17;212(4492):307-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7209529" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Advisory Committees ; Beginning of Human Life ; Ethicists ; *Ethics, Medical ; Humans ; Life ; Religion and Medicine ; Religion and Science
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  • 198
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-03-13
    Description: Seventeen females and eight males exposed during gestation to synthetic progestins showed a significantly higher potential for physical aggression than their sex-matched unexposed siblings. Exposure to androgen-based compounds appeared to be most closely associated with aggressive responses. There were no differences in verbal aggression or IQ between exposed and unexposed siblings.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Reinisch, J M -- MH 30676/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Mar 13;211(4487):1171-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7466388" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Aggression/*drug effects ; Behavior/*drug effects ; Child ; Embryo, Mammalian/*drug effects ; Female ; Fetus/*drug effects ; Humans ; Male ; Progesterone Congeners/administration & dosage/*pharmacology
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  • 199
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-05-22
    Description: A three-tone sinusoidal replica of a naturally produced utterance was identified by listeners, despite the readily apparent unnatural speech quality of the signal. The time-varying properties of these highly artificial acoustic signals are apparently sufficient to support perception of the linguistic message in the absence of traditional acoustic cues for phonetic segments.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Remez, R E -- Rubin, P E -- Pisoni, D B -- Carrell, T D -- HD-01994/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- MH 24027/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH 32848/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 22;212(4497):947-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233191" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Auditory Perception/physiology ; Humans ; *Phonetics ; Speech Perception/*physiology
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  • 200
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-06-05
    Description: Emotional, psychosocial, or anxiety-stimulated stress produces increased plasma concentrations of adrenal corticoids and other hormones though well-known neuroendocrine pathways. A direct consequence of these increased corticoid concentrations is injury to elements of the immunological apparatus, which may leve the subject vulnerable to the action of latent oncogenic viruses, newly transformed cancer cells, or other incipient pathological processes that are normally held in check by an intact immunological apparatus. This article describes studies that examine the adverse effects of increased plasma concentrations of adrenal corticoids on the thymus and thymus-dependent T cells, inasmuch as these elements constitute a major defense system against various neoplastic processes and other pathologies. The studies demonstrate that anxiety-stress can be quantitatively induced and the consequences measured through specific biochemical and cellular parameters, providing that authentic quiescent baselines of these conditions are obtained in the experimental animals by the use of low-stress protective housing and handling techniques.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Riley, V -- CA 12188/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 16308/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 5;212(4499):1100-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233204" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Corticosterone/blood ; Female ; Handling (Psychology) ; Humans ; *Immunocompetence ; Leukocytes/physiology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Neoplasms/*etiology/physiopathology/psychology ; Neoplasms, Experimental/*physiopathology ; Species Specificity ; Stress, Physiological/*complications ; Stress, Psychological/*complications ; Tumor Virus Infections/physiopathology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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